Tesi sul tema "Politique publique d'innovation – France"
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Vavakova, Blanka. "La science de la Nation ? : les paradoxes politiques de la logique économique". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999IEPP0009.
Testo completoThis thesis seeks to explain changes underway in the relationship between the state, science and industry in France and to analyze the consequences of these changes for the national system of research and more particuiariy for researchers within it. Its point of departure is the research policy adopted by the French socialist government in 1982. In keeping with the view prevalent within the OECD at that time, that science plays a central role in the competitiveness of enterprises and hence of nations, this policy aimed at (i) the mobilization of public research in the service of industry, (ii) the creation of a role for France's regions in ensuring the integration of scientific research into the regional development process, and (iii) the stregthening of the national science and technology base through the promotion of European R&D cooperation programmes. The impact and significance of France's research policy, however, cannot be understood in isolation from two parallel processes that have shaped its outcome - decentralization and the opening to foreign investment it is thus, that the republican slogan "science in the service of the nation , which to then had characterized the relationship between the state, research and industry in France, has begun to loose its meaning as new political (regions, Europe) and economic actors (multinational corporations) emerge with their own power and interests
Tissioui, Mohamed. "La dynamique du processus de structuration des métiers dans un contexte d'innovation : Cas des métiers de soins médicaux". Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN0669.
Testo completoOliveira, Xavier Sabrina. "La thèse CIFRE : Etude pluridisciplinaire d'un instrument juridique au service de la politique de recherche et d'innovation dans une approche Franco-Brésilienne". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALD001.
Testo completoThe objective of this thesis was to conduct a multidisciplinary study of a legal instrument, CIFRE device at the service of research and innovation policy in a Franco-Brazilian approach. Our ambition was to understand the contractual set of the CIFRE device, which fits into a complex ecosystem, and which is made up of several actors (government / business / university / doctoral student). These actors belong to universes far from each other and have distinct characteristics such as, for example, divergent vocabularies and different perspectives vis-à-vis the device. This choice led us to carry out an in-depth and systematic study, which includes agreements and labor low (a universe in constant evolution), in addition a meticulous analysis of the positioning of this device vis-à-vis RD&I policies in the era of the knowledge society has been achieved. In addition, we have added to our research work the CIFRE / Brazil project, implemented in 2013, which strengthens the long and fruitful scientific and technological interaction between our two countries. This integration made our study even more complex because we found ourselves faced with a system that extended to the international field. Finally, to complete this already well-supplied scenario, we analyzed Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial. The method used for this doctoral work is based on theoretical and practical studies which, through “upstream” and “downstream” feedback, feed into the contractual engineering of the CIFRE device (nutrition in loop). This configuration adopted to carry out this doctoral study made it possible to conclude that the contractual set of the CIFRE device fulfills its role well since its creation in 1981, however faced with the current conjuncture of multi-actor production based on the knowledge society, several points deserve special attention (points of vigilance). The studies carried out on the CIFRE / Brazil project allow us to affirm that it accommodates the same legal questions as the CIFRE device, with the ensuing implications in the contractual clauses, however it also has administrative complications. It should be noted that a good understanding of the CIFRE and CIFRE / Brazil systems offers Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial (Master and Professional Doctorate - CAPES and Academic Doctorate for Innovation - DAI / CNPq) good opportunities for improvement. This allows this doctoral work to present an exhaustive study of the device (theoretical and practical analysis) by providing a vision of the contractual whole and by signaling the points of dysfunction and their possibilities for improvement. The conclusions which are presented are, therefore, very important contributions for Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial, because they make it possible to inform the Brazilian public authorities on the possibilities of improving existing programs in order to achieve efficiency, traceability and the employability of the CIFRE device
Bunel, Simon. "Essays on the impact of innovation and technical progress". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0142.
Testo completoSince the early 2000s, France and, more broadly, Europe have experienced a notable decline relative to the global technological frontier. In this context, this thesis examines the challenges of technological change by exploring both its causes and its economic implications. It is a collection of three essays that study the effect of technological change on growth and the labor market, as well as the effectiveness of public R\&D and innovation policies aimed at fostering the emergence of technological change. The analysis draws on French administrative firm data to shed light on these macroeconomic issues from a "micro-to-macro" perspective.The first chapter studies the effects of investments in modern manufacturing capital — including automation technologies — on the labor and product markets at different levels of analysis: firm, industry, and local labor market (commuting zone). The causal effects are estimated using an instrumental variable model that leverages pre-determined supply linkages and productivity shocks among foreign capital suppliers ("Shift-Share IV"). At both the firm and industry levels, investments in modern manufacturing capital lead to increased labor demand, higher sales and exports. However, the industry-level labor demand response is positive only in industries exposed to international competition. This chapter contributes to the existing literature by focusing on investment in modern manufacturing capital in a broad sense, without concentrating on a specific type of technology. It implements a novel empirical method within this literature to estimate the causal effects of adopting these technologies.The second chapter focuses on the implementation of an innovation support policy, the Innovation Tax Credit (CII), which aims to encourage SMEs to develop new products through the development of prototypes or pilot plants, thereby contributing to technological change. Using a difference-in-differences method following propensity score matching, this chapter reveals a greater short-term increase in employment for firms benefiting from the scheme, as well as a more pronounced medium-term increase in their turnover. Additionally, a greater increase in the number of new products produced is observed.Finally, the third chapter investigates the effect of creative destruction on the measurement of economic growth in France. Indeed, in sectors where new products replace old ones, it is challenging for statistical offices to distinguish between the increase in monetary value due to inflation and the real productivity growth. The standard procedure is to assume that the quality-adjusted inflation rate is the same as for other items in the same category that the statistical office can track over time, i.e., products not subject to creative destruction. This procedure is referred to as "imputation" in the United States. Using the Schumpeterian growth paradigm and establishment-level data, this chapter estimates that between 2004 and 2015, approximately 0.5 percentage points of real output growth per year is missed by INSEE, a figure similar to what has been estimated in the United States. The underlying dynamics of establishments and firms highlight that the similar estimates of missing growth between France and the United States conceal notable differences in establishment dynamics between the two countries
Benaim, Mickaël. "Gouvernance et politiques de science en région : une approche multi-acteurs et multi-niveaux". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842827.
Testo completoCabanel, Cédric. "Le système régional d'innovation de la région PACA : vulnérabilité et résilience territoriale dans un contexte ante et post crise économique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0036.
Testo completoDuring the 2007-2012 period, the world went through a period of multiple crises with devastating social and economic effects. This context has reinforced the role of innovation as a vector for recovery, which should restore the economic climate and meet new social and environmental challenges. However, these activities have themselves known heterogeneous impacts and trajectories, pushing them to certain mutations which depend in particular on the specificities of their territories of establishment.Thus, this thesis questions the evolution of innovation in the PACA region through the concept of system and in times of crisis. It is a question of observing the role of public authorities on the innovation process, especially in the face of a moment of crisis that can trigger multiple processes of vulnerability and territorial resilience.The example of high-tech sectors, metropolitan areas and new places of innovation, testify to the complexity of the crisis process. They illustrate the difficulty for public authorities to intervene globally and judiciously
DUEZ, STEPHANE. "L'evolution des politiques publiques d'innovation vers la definition de strategies regionales de developpement : le cas du programme technologique regional textiles techniques". Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL20009.
Testo completoThe innovation public policies have known since nearly 10 years a profound change both in the definition and in the management. A consensus is going to be formed in the definition of these policies at a local level. From this notion of technological programme, the nord-pas de calais regional council set up an alternative framework of intervention for the sector-related development in order to increase the relationships between science, technology and market of a given area. A first experimentation was setted up by nord-pas de calais regional council in industrial textiles area. The first part of this thesis is to show how the definition of these policies has move from a national level to a regional level. Two explanation factors are developed in the first part of this thesis : the first is linked to the characterization of innovation processus, the second one is linked to the mutation of institutional framework, in particular by the decentralization phenomenon in a european construction context. The second part of this thesis is to test the pertinence of the technological programme to a local scale throughout the notion of "network" which has two levels. In a first time, we will test the pertinence of this new technology in terms of "objective-network", that is to say "the technico-economic network" to a local scale and to show the different strategies of development opposite to the different experimentations developed in the other french areas or regions. In a second time, we will test the pertinence of this technology in terms of institutional partnership. We will talk about "operational network". We will study the consequences of this evolution in an infra-regional level and inter-regional level
Park, Jiyeon. "Aménagement du territoire, levier de développement durable : étude comparée des systèmes d'innovation français et sud-coréens dans le processus de métropolisation". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG036.
Testo completoThe development of a Metropolis is very often associated with the construction of a vast territory, which limits it to the simple search for a pertinent perimeter or level. It implies, however, much more. The French intercommunality, that opens up to various forms of cooperation between different territorial entities, is an interesting approach in this respect. France is, indeed, often presented aborad as an example of cooperation and of decentralization, especially in countries with a strong centralizing tradition, such as South Korea. In this perspective, we will carry out comparative case studies mirroring the process of metropolisation in France and in South Korea. Our study seeks to illustrate how to structure the innovation system (IS) according to the co-construction scheme PAS, making it possible, among otherthings, to co-create an ecosystem of exchange, sharing and arbitration -and thus serving as a driving force and optimizing force in an urban system of specialization. Finally, our study aims at orienting spatial planning towards the integrated approach of sustainable development
Bono, Pierre-Henri. "Logement et politique publique". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0052.
Testo completoAlthough we know the importance of housing in the well-being of individuals, this area has not been much studied by French economists. There is a real lack of quantitative studies highlighting a causal link between public policies and their impact on housing. This thesis intends to fill this gap by producing empirical results using French data, but also to develop innovative methodologies for the implementation of valuation techniques. This PhD thesis is divided into two parts and includes three original contributions. In the first part, we place ourselves in the context of hedonic prices. We estimate, for the city of Marseille, the price that households allocate to the fact of living in a neighborhood rather than another. The second part focuses on the evaluation of public policies on housing. We evaluate two French legislative devices. The first is the device that allows so-called Scellier tax benefits when buying housing for rent. We use the fact that the provision applies only in certain areas to assess the impact of the scheme on land prices. The second evaluation concerns Article 55 of the SRU law which requires certain municipalities in pain of financial penalties to have more than 20% of social housing. We develop in this evaluation an innovative methodology to measure the incentive of the Law on the actual production of housing
Tassone, Laurence. "La production de connaissances à travers des accords interinstitutionnels de coopération de recherche". Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX24003.
Testo completoHidalgo, Véronique. "Genèse d'une politique publique locale : la politique régionale de communication en Aquitaine". Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D017.
Testo completoThe esesence of this thesis revolves around one main question: why did the conseil regional d'aquitaine in 1984 turned communication into a field of political action? This research is an attempt to answer this question. It analyse how in aquitaine a communication policy evolved around new communication techniques. The analysis of this public local policy rests upon problematics defined by analysts of public policies and especially on the works of jean-claude thoenig and j. G padioleau as far as france is concerned. These researchers consider that it is through the how that one can approach the why; therefore, they aim at dividing the different stages that form a public policy: -planning on agenda, formulation of problem, decision making, implementation, assessment. A public policy is considered as a social system that structures agents and various stakes and which brings therefore consequences both upon the political scene as well as on society at large. The study of the
Saboya, Vargas Francisco. "La modernisation de l'État comme solution à la crise : le cas colombien". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010254.
Testo completoHammoud-Chobert, Serghinia. "Les partenariats d'innovation en droit de la commande publique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0491.
Testo completoPublic procurement is being seen increasingly as an instrument of innovation policy. With this in mind, the new 2014 European Union directives on public procurement introduces a new public procurement contract of « innovation partnership », has tranposed into national law by decree n° 2014-1097 of 26 september 2014, which concerns simplification measures applicable to public procurement contracts. This new market combines the researche and purchase innovative product, service or works and that are unavailable on the market. This present work aims firstly to demonstrate the contractual originality of the innovation partenschip approaching the economic and competitive reality of the market and, on the other hand the illusion of a novelty in the public procurement procedures, insofar as this procedure approximates the existing procedures notably the competitive dialogue and the former markets negotialted with publicity and competitive tendering. Similarly, the innovation partnerschip raises many questions of legal status of intellectual property, the distribution of risk, and so on, and the introduction of a genuine innovation procedure of fluidfication of the procurement of innovative public procurement
Inserguet-Brisset, Véronique. "Propriete publique et environnement". Limoges, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIMO0419.
Testo completoWeil, Patrick. "L'analyse d'une politique publique : la politique française d'immigration : 1974-1988". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0018.
Testo completoImmigration as a policy issue in France dates from the mid-nineteenth century. Since then the interests of the different actors concerned have often been opposed the thrust of public policy and the rules defined by it, often developed in response to specific problems, have varied between those periods when France has encouraged immigration and those when it has not. From 1945 to 1974 the flows of immigrants were determined by industrial manpower requirements and by the French official demographic policy. However, the manpower needs were far more influential than the demographic policy. From 1974, the French public authorities were forced to take into account the constraints of foreign policy and the polity values. Since 1984, the traditional political parties of left and right have reached an agreement on which rules to found the new immigration policy : 1) curb the influx of immigrant workers. 2) promote the insertion of "legal aliens" ? 3) incentive for immigrant workers to return home willfully this policy has only been disputed by the national front
Lassalle, Marine de. "L' impuissance publique : la politique de la lecture publique en France (1945-1993)". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA01A003.
Testo completoTo understand many questions which were ours, we have to know that it is in a way very occasionnally that we learned of the existence of a "politics of reading" [. . . ]
Brouard, Sylvain. "Compétition politique et action publique. L'enjeu électronucléaire en France". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915694.
Testo completoCao, Shuai. "La politique publique du cinéma en France (1981-2012)". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCH005.
Testo completoThe cinema was born in France. As art and industry, cinema had ups and downs in France during the period 1981-2012. It faced many internal and external challenges, which gave rise to the crisis of cinema which is recurrent during these thirty-one years. The public authorities, for their part, refer to financial, regulatory and political means to seek to save the national cinema from the crisis, to ensure its survival and to make it prosper. Our historical research, based on archives, thus deals with the context, the springs, the precise measures and the influences of the public policy of the cinema during this crucial period for the French cinema.From the arrival of the left in power in 1981 until the end of the first seven years in 1988, French cinema recorded a drop in attendance, and the radical changes in the French and European audiovisual landscape become a great threat to the cinema. To solve these problems, Jack Lang first led a film reform by implementing anti-trust measures and enriching the film support system. In order to harmonize the relationship between small and big screen, the State, through the laws of 1982 and 1986 on the audiovisual communication, proceeds to a regulation according to which the television must invest in the cinema. At the same time, the French government is trying to export and promote this model of audiovisual and cinematographic policy in Europe and around the world.European and international issues dominate during the next period, from 1988 to 1999, a decade marked by the "cultural exception". If the "cinema plan" put in place by Jack Lang can strengthen the aid scheme, France gives priority to the promotion of this regime in Europe, while defending the interests of the cinema profession in the “Television Directive without borders" and by promoting the creation of audiovisual Eureka, the Eurimages fund and the MEDIA program. During the GATT negotiations in 1993, with the joint efforts of the public authorities and professionals, the audiovisual and cinema file was excluded from the negotiations because "culture is not a commodity like the others". Although this standard is being challenged with the MAI and the WTO round of negotiations in Seattle, France has managed to defend it. In this context, French cinema has seen a revival, especially since the mid-1990s, but imbalances and destabilization remain and the effectiveness of film policy is nuanced.The last phase, from 2000 to 2012, is notably characterized by the acceleration of globalization and the advent of IT. The cinematographic policy, matured during the two preceding decades, must adapt to the new stakes of the new millennium. Generally, French cinema is in an ambivalent situation: on the one hand, it is doing well in many respects, especially in terms of attendance and production, on the other, it is weakened by events in the sector: the appearance of the Unlimited subscription cards, the Vivendi-Universal merger, the piracy ... The State plays a role of "firefighter" by setting up a computer policy and the tax credit and by elaborating the HADOPI law to fight against piracy. Local and regional authorities are investing more and more in the cinema. However, since 2008, in a context of budgetary rigor, the State has been modernizing the CNC and restructuring the aid system, which puts public film policy and French cinema in an uncertain future
Duque, Ayala Corina. "La politique publique d’éducation en France et en Colombie". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40027/document.
Testo completoThe first part of this thesis is devoted to a synchronic comparison of the history and foundationsof the right to education, as well as the components of the right to education (availability, access, permanence,acceptability, adaptability and quality thereof) and how they have been translated into current nationallegislation. The categories of analysis used therefore have specifically made it possible to carry out a microcomparisonin this area, that is to say, a comparison of the stakeholders in the school system, their functions,powers, duties and guarantees.The second part of this thesis is devoted to an analysis of the nature and scope of the right to education in bothcountries, and how it has been enshrined by judicial, legal and constitutional means, and thanks tosupranational standards.The third part of this thesis is devoted to a comparison of the transformation, in the light of changes occurringin the global arena, of institutions and public policies in each country with respect to education. This hasmade it possible to understand the role of international organizations in creating new universal standards, andhow these standards have been incorporated into domestic legislation. Finally, an analysis of the evaluation ofschool systems based on neoliberal indicators has been undertaken, which has made it possible to compare theorganization and management of education systems of both countries.The findings resulting from the observation of both legal systems have led to highlight the common principlesand foundations that exist in the Western world and that have facilitated the flexible harmonization ofinternational public law on education
Jourdain, Laurence. "La France et la politique de recherche communautaire". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010314.
Testo completoGuibert, Christophe. "Identifications territoriales et usages politiques du surf sur la côte aquitaine : des villes de surf sans surfeurs ?" Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3022.
Testo completoRegional hegemony on the institutional plan and the results resulting from a quantitative survey carried out near the mayors of the communes of the littoral let believe that surfing in Aquitaine is systematically present in identification territorial dynamic. However, the surfing universe isn't considered same manner by the municipalities. The communal properties, the local characteristics of surfing and the political work of the local councillors are articulated to give original political actions. The malleability of the surfing representations and the surfers is used according to the local political interests. More than in favour of the practise, it's side of the economic, media, tourist and social repercussions that one can seize the actions of the local councillors. The surfing universe is reduced almost, for the municipalities, with a political resource suitable to feed from the interests who spontaneously don't encourage the growth and the rationalization of the practice
Bachelet, Frank. "Politique publique - Initiative privée : (la politique départementale d'aide sociale à l'enfance : le cas de la Somme)". Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIE0007.
Testo completoThis research is an analyse of the principles under lying the formation of local social policy. To start with, the background from wich it emerges will be describes. This is structured around a given economy and generates its own values and cultural references in addition to specific ressources and surplus which give a certain autonomy to the agents who apply this policy. The latter-elected representatives, public figures, officials and social workers whetherin public or private institutions-ally and or confornt each other over what is at stake : the capacity depends on the resources that each contender can mobilize and the strategies he employs. In this way, a collective game develps, a game of which the policy is the product ans wich no one really controls
Capuano, Christophe. "Vichy et la famille : réalités et faux-semblants d'une politique publique /". Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41479417r.
Testo completoBibliogr. p. 331-342. Notes bibliogr. Index.
Mohanu, Vintilă Adrian. "Les politiques du handicap entre européanisation et influence internationale : comparaison France-Roumanie". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G041.
Testo completoThis thesis demonstrates that the disability field is undergoing changes which may only be understood through adopting a vision combining an analysis of national, European and international trends. An analysis of different policy levels can offer explanatory keys to such transformations. These changes initiated at the United nations level have diffused through into the European Union. We analyse the trends within European public policy which have been institutionalised in the image of the United Nations policy initiative, but which also may be seen as bearing witness to the process of European integration. Furthermore it may be seen that recent trends in public policy with respect to disability in different member states can no longer be analysed in isolation without reference to European and international phenomena. We have apprehended how the process of europeanisation may vary between national policy arenas through contrasting the cases of France and Romania. This has highlighted how the two countries have introduced the change-over from a medical to a social model of disability within a common context comprising both international influences and europeanisation
Pinto, Aurélie. "Les salles de cinéma d'art et d'essai : sociologie d'un label culturel entre marché politique et politique publique". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0026.
Testo completoThis dissertation adopts an interdisciplinary approach which combines economic sociology, sociology of culture and political science in order to study the "Art et essai" label. It aims at explaining the specificity of a market in which a quality label functions as amesurement and as a still open issue. The first part "Socio-history and topography of the 'Art et essai' label reveals the competing priciples at stake in the process of qualification on the market of cinematographic exploitation, in which are intertwined cultural, educational, industrial and political considerations. Two statistic surveys, one based on data relative to the labelled movie theatres, the other based on the itinerary of movie classified as "Art et essai" in French movie theatres show clearly the heterogeneity of the "Art et essai" movie theatres and highlight local configurations of competition between movie theatres which produce extremely variegated local exploitation markets. A second part, "Local markets of 'Art et essai' movie theatre demonstrates hox the 'Art et essai' label is defined structurally on its actual existing markets. Contesting an essentialist definition of the label, our approach here aims at explaining its different meanings according the social structuration of the audiance, the history of the exploitation in each territory, and the social trajectory of the movie theatres managers. The "Art et essai" movie theatre, considered it turns as "shapr", "independant", "small", "prestige", "repertoire" or "neighbourhood" movie theatre, is less defined through the programming of an aesthetic canon than through an alternative and always locally situated offer of cultural goods
Le, Bolloc'h-Puges Chantal. "La politique industrielle française en matière d'électronique : (1974-1985)". Paris 13, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA131008.
Testo completoThe electronic industry has drawn for a long time the attention of the french government, due to its economic importance, its strategic implications and because of its poor situation compared to other nations. 1- during the 70"s, the french government led a policy of selective support for the electronic industry. It did not involve itself in most sectors (data processing, semi conductors, consumer electronics), except to allocate a few subsidies in specific cases. Conversely, since it had been involved in telecommunications before-this sector is especially strategic and had strong ties with military electronics-it supported this industry by various means (research, public orders, etc. . . ) and even extended its area of intervention to neighboring branches (e. G telematics). The situation of the french electronics industry at the beginning of the 80's gave evidence of the cost of this policy and of the importance of an active public support : france was only strong in the telecommunications sector. After the change of government in 1981, the new leaders of france showed a special interest for the electronics industry. A major part of this industry wa put under state control (thomson, cge, cii-hb, matra, cgct). A reaction involving the whole branch was organized : the nationalized groups were given new management and an important financial help, and they were assigned objectives in order to improve the situation in their respective sectors. This action created a strong impulsion in the french electronic industry, even if its importance was less than initially planned : several major groups became competitive again, and signs of the beginning of a reco very were apparent in various sectors
Chabal, Pierre. "Des conditions de l'efficacité ministérielle dans le changement de politiques publiques : le cas de quelques ministres d'alternance en France, Grande-Bretagne, Espagne et Allemagne". Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21034.
Testo completoDubois, Vincent. "La culture comme catégorie d'intervention publique : génèses et mises en forme d'une politique". Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO22005.
Testo completoDefinition problems are a main issue and a specificity of french cultural policies. Historical comparison (1880-1914 and 1960-1990) shows that these problems result from the conflicts for the production of legitimate representations of the social space and for the monopolisation of the universal. These conflicts bring together the agents of the state and those of the cultural field at each stage of these policies institutionnalization "cultural policies" category, constantly referred to the social space, then only becomes stable in a structural blur
Monjon, Stéphanie. "Les dimensions temporelles, informationnelles et stratégiques des comportements d'innovation : approches empiriques et théoriques". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010065.
Testo completoLinhart, Virginie. "La ville comme objet de politique publique : genèse et institutionnalisation de la politique de la ville en France". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0014.
Testo completoUntil the emergence of the entity "city politics", the object of urban policies was related to the construction of the city. The new entity appears on the political agenda as early as 1981, and seems evident in the beginning of 1988. From then on "city politics" has also become one of the crucial issues of state politics. It was canonized in 1990, by the nomination of a special minister for city affairs. This work investigates the new problem derived from the emergence of that new entity
Le, Goullon Gwenaëlle. "Les grands ensembles en France : genèse d'une politique publique (1945-1962)". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010520.
Testo completoHerman, Elisa. "Féminisme, travail social et politique publique : lutter contre les violences conjugales". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0121.
Testo completoThis research focuses on how the public policy against domestic violence has been set up, how it has evolved, and how it is currently implemented. Using a sociohistorical approach, I did an ethnography of some of the feminist non-profit organizations wich provide victims of domestic violence and their children with counseling and accommodation, and I did interviews with professionals of government institutions in order to understand how public action has been dealing with the issue of domestic violence. Framed as intolerable at the end of the second wave feminist movement, domestic violence became a feminist cause wich is now supported by professional and institutional associations. Thanks to the production of a body of scientific knowledge and its practical translation by state feminism, this cause has become legitimate and was put on the poltitical agenda. Analyzing the activist careers of the organizations' founders helps to understand the organizational decisions they made, as well as the reasons why they moved into the social work sector. A new group of professionals came into being, and it was made of three types of activist workers. Their professional training and socialization participate in shaping a feminist professional group, differing from social workers in their practice as well as in their framing of domestic violence. The way laws and judicial practice has evolved, professional controversies and the new public management of public policies, this research seeks to make feminist professional practice visible
Engeli, Isabelle. "Controverses, décisions et politiques de la reproduction : une comparaison des politiques d'avortement et de procréation médicalement assistée en France et en Suisse". Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE21014.
Testo completoSince 1960's, reproductive issues have been highly controversial. The regulation of the reproduction has been subjected to strong tensions exerted by the new reproductive challenges of abortion and ART. The challenges have called into question the legitimacy of technological development, medical autonomy and gender relations. The main goal of the research is to understand and to explain the differences and the similarities of the French and Swiss public policies in the abortion and ART fields (1970-2002). We have scrutinized the dynamics of institutions, interests and idea in the designing processes of the regulation of reproduction. We have used the Qualitative Comparative Analysis to show that the constellations of interests and the problems definitions have fluctuated in the different controversies to create compromises which constituted the base of the decisions in theses conflicts of high visibility
Puydebois, Grégori. "La transparence de la vie publique en France". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0237/document.
Testo completoTransparency in public life refers to a set of restrictive rules designed for restoring trust between citizens and public leaders. Moreover, transparency is naturally associated to the democratic ideal. Analysis in positive law shows transparency in public life significantly broadens probity rules for politicians and public leaders as it develops a complementary approach to pre-existing repressive rules. For thirty years, statutes have evolved to a better efficiency. Nevertheless, they are still not enough, especially regarding controls over political funding. In addition, the transparency democratic potential has been neglected. Transparency in politics does not refund the balance between powers and only gives a marginal role for citizens. Both Parliament and Constitutional judge do not recognise it as a constitutional value. Furthermore, their contributions to guarantee political rights in a parliamentary democracy are moderate. Finally, the separation of powers and some fundamental rights limit substantially the reach of controls over public leaders
Heard, Mélanie. "Un nouveau paradigme en santé publique : droits individuels et VIH/sida, 25 ans d'action publique en France". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0033.
Testo completoTraditional coercive public health strategies, based on a balancing between individual rights and the collective good threatened by an epidemic, were not mobilized in the French HIV/AIDS policy. Unlike other infectious diseases, the fight against AIDS did not lead to rights restrictions to protect the public welfare. Part of the international AIDS literature considers this characteristic as a pragmatic exception contrasting with the normal course of the fight against infectious diseases, while, for other authors, AIDS has meant a sound « paradigm shift » in public health practice. Both interpretations are discussed with respect to the French HIV policy. The research’s aim is to demonstrate that liberal French policies in front of HIV/AIDS were not simply dictated by liberal values. They were justified by a consequentialist reasoning based on the idea that individual rights and public health are synergistic rather than conflicting, and that limiting rights would consequently be counter-productive, favoring rather than preventing the epidemic. The first two parts of the thesis evaluate respectively the genealogy and the decisional impact of this policy paradigm through an analysis of HIV debates in France. While there is no sound scientific evidence in favor of such a paradigm, we show that it should not either be considered as a speculative result of value preferences. The plausibility of a synergy between individual rights and public health has important empirical and conceptual foundations and implications for public health, which are discussed in the last part of the thesis
Perreau, Bruno. "Genre et politique : Une archéologie de l'action publique de l'adoption en France". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010318.
Testo completoLafargue, de Grangeneuve Loïc. "Fonctionnaliser la culture ? : action publique et culture hip-hop". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DENS0042.
Testo completoPublic action towards hip-hop culture consists of a recognition policy that must help the treatment of urban social problems. Nevertheless, the inquiry realized in Marseille, Bordeaux and its suburbs shows that the < functionalization » of hip hop enters in contradiction with the social and territorial embeddedness of this culture. Hip hop reaches the classical cultural institutions of city centre, but its esthetization needs adoption of fine art's codes ; it implies a transformation of activity's nature that brings young men from popular neighbourhoods to a partial exit. Hip hop culture constitutes also a voice of a subordinated group : hip hop public policy represents an ambiguous institutionalization of conflict. Finally, local govemment's strategies towards hip hop depend strongly on the will and the ability of mayors to connect this culture with the image policy of their town
Brugarolas, Élisée. "Dynamique institutionnelle dans les coopérations recherche publique/industrie". Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10086.
Testo completoThéodore, Florence Lise. "L' hôpital à l'épreuve du sida : une étude des relations développées dans le cadre des Centres d'Information et de Soins de l'Immunodeficience Humaine (CISIH), à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de l'hôpital". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0048.
Testo completoAssielou, N'Doli. "Évaluation des processus d'innovation". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL111N/document.
Testo completoInnovation represents a vital process for companies to insure their development. Several actions and new strategies are implemented by companies to increase their performances and so face market requirements. A good knowledge of both the innovation process and the company organization is necessary to allow the top management to manage them effectively and to adapt them to the challenges and the changes in their environment. Consequently, it is important for the companies to have tools and methods to measure continuously their innovation activities. The objective of our research is to suggest a framework to measure innovation capacities of companies based on a set of fifteen innovation practices, each practice is subdivided into several criteria which are directly observable phenomena in company. The methodological approach is based on the multicriteria aggregation method and the use of statistical notion of value-test to propose a typology of innovative companies of four classes (proactive, preactive, reactive and passive). An experimental study was led on a sample group of twenty French industrial companies. A software implementing our methodological proposition was developed. It allows to analyze and to estimate the innovative processes of a set of companies, to allocate them to a class and to give them recommendations for the relevant actions to follow to increase their innovation potential. This research proposes an effective decision-aid tool that helps in the innovation management
Zorzi, Roncin Marie-Thérèse de. "La politique publique française de développement et d'insertion de la bureautique : élaboration, mise en oeuvre, évaluation". Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100150.
Testo completoEven if in France the effort of computerization has been very tremendous in some sectors, we can nevertheless notice that our country has been late in its industrial development since 1978. Then the public organizations have been named by the governants to develop these materials. The subject of this study has been to consider if this action has been successful or not. In fact the problem is to analyses and to evaluate the French public policy of computerization. We have taken for that a public management approach which has permitted to judge the efficiency and the effectiveness of politics. These are the two objectives that all public policy has to reach for success. After having presented the managerial approach of public policy evaluation we have applied it to the French public policy of computerization. According to this method we have first analyzed the conception and the implementation of the policy with which we are concerned. The results of the evaluation we have attained are very general. In order to refined them we have proposed a new way for evaluating the effectiveness and the efficiency of the French public policy of computerization. Its application has been the subject of the second part. We have taken for that a particular public organization: the justice organization. The interest of this work has also been to confirm or to refute the results we have obtained in the first part. The conclusion has been to analyze the gap between the application we have made and the method we have chosen. We have finally mentioned some actions that the governants have to do for improving these policy
Le, Goff Tanguy. "Le maire garant de la tranquillité publique : réactivation d'un rôle politique et recomposition de l'action publique en matière de sécurité quotidienne". Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1G011.
Testo completoWhat role do mayors play in the treatment of insecurity ? Studying, from the 70's to the 2001 municipal elections, theirs rhetorics and policies at a local level as well as their commitment in parliamentary arenas so as to see their police powers increased, this thesis shows that mayors reviving a traditional social role in their job which had been lying dormant since the 1941 nationalization of the local police : the role to guarantee public security. It also identifies the effects on the orientation of local policies concerning safety, which is characterized by a sliding from social prevention to situational prevention, and on the production of these policies now divided into various actors challenging the State. Thus, this work, adopting a political and sociological perspective on public action, sheds light on the change in the policies of control and prevention of crime and on the change in the political profession as well
Durand, Christelle. "La régulation publique des risques professionnels : contribution sur l'émergence du concept de sécurité sanitaire environnementale". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT4009.
Testo completoPrevention and compensation for work hazards is regulated by two acts dated 1898 and 1946. The build up of the notion of work hazards has limited health issues at work to the work environment. Today, changes to the system imply a review of the of the regulations around the notion of "public sanitary order". The integration of social, health and environmental policies, imposed by EEC regulations, impacts on risk perception and therefore on the way to approach prevention and compensation. As damages are increasing and becoming of an international nature, questions around health at work need to be rethought and evolutions will have to include the notions of' "public sanitary order" and sustainable development. If sanitary safety is to become an overall target in the work place, two elements need to be present. Firstly, the right to health has to take precedent on contractual relationships and statuses. Secondly, the rising crisis in the work place contributes to widen public health's field to the concept of work hazards. That evolution imposes to clarify and define the links between health and environmental regulations. Work hazards allow for a positive cross over between social and environmental laws, both on fondamental and legal means, through the sanitary dimension. That cross over should not be seen as weakening the different law fields, but rather contributes to a more global and responsible approach on risks, including work hazards
Duran, Patrice. "Sociologie de l'action publique organisée". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040009.
Testo completoExtending the attainments of public policy analysi, a sociology of organized public action aims at better articulating processes and conditions of public action, policy, politics and polity. Promoting the building of a true political theory of administration and asserting a firmer theory of political representation, such a sociology gives the possibility to better grtasp the reality of public action today, which is characterized by a relative decoupling of the principles of order at the basis of the integration of a political area and the principles of action determining rhe modes of intervening ofg political power
Gautier, Olivier. "La construction sociale d'un territoire politique : l'entreprise politique de Philippe de Villiers dans le département de la Vendée". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G004.
Testo completoSince 1988, Vendée is under the domination of the Philippe de Villiers’s political enterprise. Until 2010, he conserves the General Council’s presidency whereas the MPF is in the minority within the departmental majority. The thesis seeks to analyze political territory as a social construction. The sociological observation of the villiériste enterprise on the ground and daily highlights how the legitimacy rests on mutual adjustments between actor defined by his social dispositions and public spaces which are determining identities and roles in a specific configuration. The profession of territorial entrepreneur deals with the combination of three resources of legitimacy. Philippe de Villiers is leading the General Council and the Puy-du-Fou, two institutions which are locally influential on social and political point. The control of the territorial system allows him to represent the department in all situations. On other hand, his leadership depends on the political parties circle. The coalition of locals Right-wing parties is perpetuating a departmental majority which also softens a criticized political identity. At last his political power is based on territorialized public action. If local policies aim at justifying clientelism and ideology, they also make up the image of a president who is the protector of the territory and its population. This manner to be a local elected representative by profession can explain personalization and domination of the Philippe de Villiers’s political enterprise. In this way, the thesis can be presented as an empirical and pragmatic contribution to the sociology of political territories
Ors, Corinne. "Développer les musées municipaux : un enjeu pour les collectivités territoriales". Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0059.
Testo completoThe French municipal museums development arouses interrogatives about local governments' and civil society's interventional significance. For many social sciences researchers, the Ministry of Culture appears to be the inspiration and the main engine of this phenomenon. This thesis aims to demonstrate that local governments and civil society are able to support museums development strongly, by elevating their participation to a cultural and economical stake. This support can subsist effectively by an institutionalization of museum politics, by an autonomous budget disposal or through a partnership form and by an implementation of various structures (municipal directions of museums, local preservations). Retained examples application revivifies the museum political management variety which is constructed in France. Results reveal theoretical perspectives for future researchers and empirical ones for politico-administrative executives and professionals of the culture field
Pédron, Pierre. "La politique pénitentiaire en France : mutations et devenir". Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020026.
Testo completoFrom the end of the "ancien regime" to the present european standards, the role and the working of the penitentiary institution result from theoretical concepts which in turn, have opposed and supplemented one another before making up a complex network of rules and regulations. Those successive strata can still be found in the current penitentiary policy. The law of the 22 nd of june 1987, concerning the penitentiary office, is enough to illustrate the ambiguities and inner contradiction of the penal institution. While prisons are part and parcel of public safety, they happen to be the last institutionnal device to male up for the gaps and faillures of social organisation. However, they cannot avoid playing an educationnal role. Under the influence of the new emergence of human rights in europa, the french penitentiar y system. Organised to insure that sentences are fitted to each individual, is now experiencing a renewal, far from doctrinal controversy. Beyond the narroview of the "inmate right" concept, the current study aimes at achieving the synt hesis of the whole penitentiary matter, and reveals that a real penitentiary law is emerging. This law protects the essentiel rights of individuals, which in democratic states, create the necessary framework for the exercise of justice. The law of the 22 nd of june 1987 makes it part of the inforcement of sentences and the keeping of order. This law also states that the penitentiary system should help social rehabilitation of offenders. Moreover it is organized to allow for individual sentences
Clavier, Carole. "Le politique et la santé publique : une comparaison transnationale de la territorialisation des politiques de la santé publique (France, Danemark". Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1G004.
Testo completoThis research investigates the convergence of local public health in France and in Denmark, relying on case studies from, respectively, Nord Pas-de-Calais and Alsace regions and Nordjylland and Ringkjøbing counties. The central argument in this research is that the convergence of local public health policies in France and in Denmark results from the adequacy between, on the one side, local political issues and, on the other, internationally shared public health concepts and issues. Comparing policies in highly different contexts shows that convergence responds to two, inseparable though distinct, trends : on the one hand, converging processes enable the development of local public health policies and, on the other hand, those processes hybridize with highly contrasted political ans institutional contexts. As a conclusion, the development of local public health policies testifies to a local redefinition of public health issues
Nakamura-Fujimori, Miyako. "Les politiques publiques de prise en charge de la vieillesse : une comparaison France-Japon (1962-2005)". Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H021.
Testo completoAt present, the lifestyles of the elderly in France and Japan are different. While the ratio of the working elderly in France is the lowest among industrialized countries, the ratio of the working elderly in Japan is the highest. Why do the elderly in Japan prefer to be active even after their retirement? In the first part, we examine the national public policies for the elderly in Japan, in comparison to those of France. Our second part deals with the welfare policies for the elderly at local levels, based on surveys conducted in two municipalities in each country concerning the configuration of in-home and long-term care facility services, and measures taken by municipal authorities in the context of decentralization. We obserbe that , although the authority of the municipalities is different in those countries, decentralization is an effective way to implement the national policies through the initiatives of the local governments
Dulong, Delphine. "Moderniser la politique : aux origines de la Ve République /". Paris ; Montréal : l'Harmattan, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb367009795.
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