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Šramková, Katarína Fatrcová, e Miroslava Kačániová. "Selected toxicological aspects of honey". Archives of Ecotoxicology 2, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2020): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ae.2020.2.4.95-99.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of the present review was to analyze grayanotoxin and its healthy and poisoning effect to human health according to available resources of literature. Plants contain many compound components which can be categorized as "medical" or "poisonous" depending on their effects to human body. There are also secondary products derived from plants, such as honey, which can contain many chemical compounds with medicinal or poisonous effects depending on their concentration and application. Many plants of the Ericaceae family, Rhododendron, Pieris, Agarista and Kalmia, contain diterpene grayanotoxins. The consumption of grayanotoxin containing leaves, flowers or secondary products as honey may result in intoxication specifically characterized by dizziness, hypotension and atrial-ventricular block.
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Rasool, Faisal, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani, Khawaja Shafique Ahmad, Fahmida Parveen, Shahzad Akbar Khan e Naveed Sabir. "Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir". PLOS ONE 17, n. 5 (11 maggio 2022): e0263605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263605.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Poisonous plants cause tremendous economic losses to the livestock industry. These economic losses are deterioration in their health, decreased productivity, deformed offspring, and reduced longevity. The current study is the first comprehensive report on poisonous plants of Azad Jammu and Kashmir which systematically documents the phytotoxicological effect and mode of action in livestock. The information was gathered from 271 informants including 167 men and 104 women through semi-structured interviews and literature search through available databases. The data collected through interviews was analyzed with quantitative tools viz. the factor informant consensus and fidelity level. A total of 38 species of flowering plants belonging to 23 families and 38 genera were reported. Family Asteraceae (5 spp) was the most dominant, followed by Solanaceae (4 spp), Fabaceae (4 spp), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp) and Convolvulaceae (3 spp). Among all the species collected, herbs were the dominant life form (22 spp, 57.89%), trailed by shrubs (11 spp, 28.95%), and trees (5 spp, 13.16%). Whole plant toxicity was reported to be the highest (15 spp, 39.47%), followed by leaf toxicity (12 spp, 31.58%), seed toxicity (4 spp, 7.89%), fruit toxicity (3 spp, 10.53%), latex toxicity (2 spp, 5.26%), flowers toxicity (1 spp, 2.63%), and berries toxicity (1 spp, 2.63%). The most toxic route of administration was found oral (39 spp, 40.63%), followed by intraperitoneal (24 spp, 25%), and intravenous (21 spp, 21.88%). The most commonly affected organ was found liver (20.41%), followed by gastrointestinal tract (20.341%), CNS (16.33%), skin (14.29%), kidneys (12.24%), lungs (4.04%), reproductive organs (2.04%), spleen (1.75%), blood (1.75%), heart (1.75%), urinary tract (1.75%), and pancreas (1.75%). The maximum Fic value was found for dermatological disorders (0.91), followed by the endocrine system (0.90), gastrointestinal (0.82), neurology (0.77), nephrology (0.67), cardiovascular (0.67), urinary (0.67), respiratory (0.60), sexual (0.60) disorders. Senecio vulgaris, and Ageratum conyzoides were the most important plants with fidelity level (0.95) and (0.87). Nerium oleander, Lantana camara, Leucaena leucocephala, and Ricinus communis were the important poisonous plant with maximum fidelity level (100%). Ricinus communis with reported lowest LD50 (<20 mg/kg) was the top-ranked poisonous plant followed by Lantana camara and Justicia adhatoda (25–50 mg/kg), Nerium Oleander (157.37 mg/kg), and Datura innoxia (400 mg/kg). We found that knowledge about poisonous plants is less prevailing in the rural areas of Azad Kashmir compared to the knowledge about medicinal plants and poisonous nature of reported plants is due to production of toxic substances and presence of essential oils.
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Price, Cheryl Blake. "VEGETABLE MONSTERS: MAN-EATING TREES IN FIN-DE-SIÈCLE FICTION". Victorian Literature and Culture 41, n. 2 (15 febbraio 2013): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150312000411.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Gothic stories and fictionalized travel accounts featuring dangerous exotic plants appeared throughout the nineteenth century and were especially prevalent at the fin de siècle. As the century progressed and the public's fascination with these narratives grew, fictional plants underwent a narrative evolution. By the end of the Victorian period, deadly plants had been transformed from passive poisoners into active carnivores. Stories about man-eating trees, among the most popular of the deadly plant tales, reflect this narrative progression. The trope of the man-eating tree developed out of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century accounts of a much less dangerous plant: the Javanese upas. Tales about the upas described the tree as having a poisonous atmosphere which killed every living thing within a several mile radius. The existence of this plant was first reported by a Dutch surgeon named Foersch in a 1783 article published in the London Magazine, and the story was recounted several times throughout the century (“The Valley of Poison” 46). A typical account of the popular tale would highlight the exotic location and the mysterious power of the tree: Somewhere in the far recesses of Java there is, according to Foersch, a dreadful tree, the poisonous secretions of which are so virulent, that they not only kill by contact, but poison the air for several miles around, so that the greater number of those who approach the vegetable monster are killed. Nothing whatever, he tells us, can grow within several miles of the upas tree, except some little trees of the same species. For a distance of about fifteen miles round the spot, the ground is covered with the skeletons of birds, beasts, and human beings. (“The Upas Tree of Fact and Fiction” 12) Even though more credible adventurers revealed the inaccuracies of Foersch's report and thoroughly discredited the fantastic powers attributed to the upas, the story nonetheless took hold of the Victorian imagination. As a result of Foersch's widely-circulated narrative, the word “upas” was rapidly incorporated into the English lexicon; writers such as Erasmus Darwin, Thomas Carlyle, Charlotte Brontë, and Charles Dickens use the upas as a metaphor for a person, object, or idea that has a poisonous, destructive atmosphere. The upas was even a subject for nineteenth-century art, as evidenced by Francis Danby's 1820 gothic painting of a solitary upas tree in the midst of a desolate rocky landscape. Although the myth of the upas focuses on the tree's lethal powers, it is important to note that the upas is, relatively speaking, a very passive “vegetable monster.” The plant is potentially dangerous, but stationary; extremely isolated, it is only harmful to those who rashly ignore the warning signs and wander within the area of its poisonous influence. Even in these exaggerated accounts, the upas is a non-carnivorous monster that grows in a remote, uninhabited area of Java.
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Lekmanov, O. A. "Botanical Key to Fedor Sologub’s Short Story "It Didn’t Work"". Russkaya literatura 3 (2020): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2020-3-251-252.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article analyzes Fedor Sologub’s early story "It Didn’t Work". The key to this story is the names of cities in which the events take place, and the names of the characters. All of them are derived from the names of plants. In the works of Sologub, Russia is often presented as a plant kingdom, where the weedy and poisonous fl ora stupefi es the unfortunate inhabitants.
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Moshobane, Moleseng Claude, Alessia Bertero, Carine Marks, Cindy Stephen, Natasha Palesa Mothapo, Lorraine Middleton e Francesca Caloni. "Plants and mushrooms associated with animal poisoning incidents in South Africa". Veterinary Record Open 7, n. 1 (novembre 2020): e000402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2020-000402.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BackgroundThere is extensive literature on animal poisoning from plants and mushrooms worldwide; however, there is limited account of poisoning from South Africa.MethodsThis study sought to describe and provide an overview of animal poison exposures in South Africa. Poisoning episodes reported to the Poisons Information Helpline of the Western Cape, jointly run by the Poisons Information Centres at the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital and Tygerberg Hospital over a period of approximately 2.5 years, from June 2015 to November 2017, were analysed to identify exposure patterns, severity and clinical outcomes.ResultsAlien plant species accounted for most cases (n=10) of reported poison exposures. Among the 26 recorded animal poisoning episodes, the dog was the most commonly implicated species (n=24), whereas just two enquiries were related to other animals (one rabbit and one cow) . There were 20 plant cases and 6 mushroom cases (all dogs). There was only one fatal case involving cycad in a dog.ConclusionFeatures of animal poisoning in South Africa were similar to those in other countries. The reported cases of animals exposed to poisonous plants and mushrooms could represent only a fraction of the actual exposures. Since most reported cases involved taxa that could not be identified to species level, more attention should be paid in case reporting and in animal poisoning prevention, engaging the public to enable people to recognise potentially hazardous plants and reduce the risk of poisoning in animals.
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Mamta, Ritu Kapoor e Manoj Adlakha. "Medicinal use of poisonous plant Arka its pharmacological study". Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 8, n. 6 (29 luglio 2023): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.6.17.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A poisonous plant is one that, when touched or consumed in large enough quantities, can be hazardous or lethal to humans or other animals. These plants can be utilized as herbal medicines with therapeutic effects when used in the right proportions and in small doses. One of the herbs listed in all of the old Ayurvedic texts is Calotropis procera. In Ayurveda, it is referred to as Arka. In many traditional medical systems, the various portions of the plant are used to cure a wide range of illnesses, including worm infestation, strangury, and ulcers. Ascites, anasarca, intestinal worms, skin diseases, and cough have all been treated with the root bark. The root-powered can treat cancer, scrotal enlargement, piles, boils, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, dysentery, and dyspepsia. Science-based pharmacological screens have been used by researchers to confirm the effectiveness of the compound. According to pharmacological studies, Calotropis procera Linn. exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including those that are hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, anti-diabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antioxidant, anthelmintic, wound healing, and anti-tumor. Details regarding the plant are documented in Ayurvedic botanical literature such as Dhanwantari Nighantu, Madana Pala Nighantu, and Bhavaprakash and therapeutical literature in Charak Samhita, Sushrut Samhita. This review presents pharmacognostic, pharmacological, and traditional uses of Calotropis procera.
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Devi, Nirmala, Ajay Kumar Gupta e Sunil K. Prajapati. "Prospects of Traditionally important Apocynaceae plants of India in Cancer Remediation". Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, n. 1 (15 gennaio 2019): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2208.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objectives: Apocynaceae Family plants in India had wide array of traditional uses and practised since years ago. This review aims to report selected plants of this possessing anticancer activity. Selected literature compiled from the search of electronic journals, books and encyclopedias etc. using search engines viz. Google, PubMed, Sciencedirect, GoogleScholar and SciFinder for all periods. The Dogbane family is includes atleast 150 genera and 1700 species. Around 25 genera and 50 species of the family reviewed here possess anticancer activity. The reason for this potential is due to: a) phytoconstituents b) poisonous constituents c) antimalarial activity and d) abundance of literature in traditional medicinal use. Folk medicinal uses and reported anticancer potential suggests that the Apocynaceae plants can be formulated or developed into lead compounds or novel drugs or multidrug complex for treatment of cancer. Detailed screening of each species has to be performed in 64 pannel cell lines, mechanistic study performed clearly and effectiveness of extracts, fractions or pure isolated compounds is to be compared.
Keywords: Apocynaceae; Traditional Medicines; cancer; anticancer plants.
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Marina Silalahi. "Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum.: Poisonous and its potential". Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 6, n. 1 (30 settembre 2022): 031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2022.6.1.0064.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thevetia peruviana is a poisonous plant but also has potential as a medicine. This study aims to explain the botany, toxicity and bioactivity of T. peruviana. The research method is through a literature study on articles, books published online, especially on Google Scholar, using the keywords T. peruviana, T. peruviana toxicity and T. peruviana bioactivity. In Indonesia, T. peruviana is easy to find in the surrounding environment such as yards, yards, and roadsides, which are used as ornamental plants because they have beautiful flower colors and structures. All parts of T. peruviana are toxic because they contain various cardiac glycosides including neriifolin, thevetin A, thevetin B, and oleandrin, so consuming any of these parts can result in death in both animals and humans. Clinical-pathological features of T. peruviana poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness and dilated pupils, rapid, weak and irregular pulse. Although T. peruviana is a poisonous plant, several studies have reported the bioactivity of T. peruviana as anti-cancer, fertility, abortion and antimicrobial, but the processing and use need strict control so that its toxicity is minimized.
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Zahariev, Dimcho. "The medicinal plants in Bulgaria: list of species, usable parts, fields of application, toxicity and contraindications". Acta Scientifica Naturalis 9, n. 1 (1 marzo 2022): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2022-0004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The aim of this survey is to present an up-to-date list of medicinal plants on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria and to systematize the information on: usable parts, the number of medicinal plants used in various fields of medicine, in cosmetics, the degree of toxicity and availability of information on contraindications for all wild medicinal plants that are found in the Republic of Bulgaria. As a result, we identified a total of 845 species of wild medicinal plants. Most of them are described in a special annex to the Medicinal Plants Act of the Republic of Bulgaria. In the literature on the use of medicinal plants in Bulgaria we found information about another 115 species of wild medicinal plants. In the present survey we did review of the usable parts of medicinal plants. We made a comparative analysis of the use of medicinal plants in the official, popular and veterinary medicine. The method of application of medicinal plants in medicine is discussed: externally and internally. Attention is paid to the use of medicinal plants in aromatherapy, dentistry and cosmetics. Considered are the poisonous plants among the medicinal plants and their degree of toxicity. A review of the available data on contraindications for the use of medicinal plants has been made.
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N.N., Bakhramova, Abidova R.M., Ergashov O.I., Boymurodov B.T. e Qalandarova F.S. "ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCE PREPARED FROM LOCAL PLANT EXTRACTS". American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 03, n. 04 (1 aprile 2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/volume03issue04-06.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this research work presented, the results obtained in the study of the general pharmacological properties of plant damalamari with anti-anemia activity, in particular, the effect on the an analysis of the literature on antimicrobial and pathogenic fungal activity was carried out. All the studies carried out were carried out in different animals, which serves to increase the reliability level and efficiency values of these experiments. Thus, a fresh decoction, developed on the basis of local medicinal plants, is less poisonous, it is from local tickling, cumulative and allergic effects. At the same time, the possibilities of applying the studied extract damalam against microbes and pathogenic fungi mainly in solution are being studied. The overall safety or non-toxicity of each biologically active substance is important for this reason, in this article we did not dwell in detail on its main activity.
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Gür, Necmettin, e Özgür Kahraman. "Use of Toxic and Allergen Plants in Landscape Arrangements of Urban Historical Areas: The Case of Çeşme Castle (İzmir)". Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi 20, n. 1 (30 giugno 2024): 454–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58816/duzceod.1449776.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Urban historical areas and buildings are structures that provide important information, culture and tradition transfer from the past to the present. These places are both an effective tourism area and a part of urban life. In addition to the aesthetic, ecological and functional benefits of the plants to be used in urban historical areas, their allergenic and toxic effects should be paid attention. Exposure to plants with toxic effects may cause mild or serious adverse effects on human health. The study was carried out to identify toxic and allergenic plants in the historical area of Çeşme Castle and to make evaluations about the area. Plants were examined on site in the study area and photographs were taken. According to the literature, the allergenic effects, toxic status, toxic parts and active ingredient of the plant species were determined. The data obtained were analysed and as a result of the analyses; 30 plant species, 29 genera and 22 families were identified in the area. Toxic plant species ratio in the area was 53.33 % and allergenic plant species ratio was 36.66 %. According to their forms, toxic plant species ratio was 37.5 % and allergenic plant species ratio was 81.81 %, with the highest proportion found in tree form plant species. Among the identified plants, 5 species have both toxic and allergenic effects. Recommendations have been made regarding the use of poisonous and allergenic plants in the field. Recommendations was made regarding the use of toxic and allergenic plants in the area.
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-, Akanksha, Munna Lal Prajapati e Rajveer Sason. "A COMPILATION OF ANTIDOTES IN CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE AND AYURVEDA". June - July 2023 7, n. 5 (1 agosto 2023): 460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj09p7052023.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many drugs have been used for therapeutic purposes in Ayurveda since the Vedic period, and they are either of the plant (Sthavar Udbhava), animal (Jangam Udbhava), or metal, mineral (Khanija) origin. After the period of Acharya Nagarjuna, the use of metals, minerals, and poisonous drugs became prevalent. Agada Tantra is a branch of Ayurveda that deals with the treatment of various poisons. Toxicology is concerned with the identification and management of various types of poisons, including those derived from plants and animals. Various poisons have been described, and various antidotes for their management have been mentioned in Agada Tantra texts. A poison is a substance that, when introduced into or applied to the body, has the potential to harm or destroy life. It causes tissue damage, illness, or death in the organism. Visha is the substance that causes sadness in the world. It was given the name Visha because it makes the rest of the world despair. It damages tissues and causes illness or death in the organism. Visha is the substance that causes sadness in the world. It was given the name Visha because it made the rest of the world despair1 . The drugs known as antidotes are used to neutralise or disable the effects of poison. As we can see from the current paper, antidotes play an essential role in the treatment of poisoning. A doctor's primary goal is to preserve the patient's life. For proper treatment, the concept of Prativisha, which has been around since the past, needs to be expanded upon, clarified, updated, and narrated. This article, therefore, aims to compile references for various antidotes that have been mentioned in different Ayurvedic literature
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Gomez, Luis D. "The poisonous and useful fungi of Africa South of the Sahara: A literature survey". Economic Botany 50, n. 1 (gennaio 1996): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02862119.
Testo completo
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Ramaswamy, Malathi, Sivakumar Duraikannu e Chandrasekar Solaimuthu. "Medicinal plants for the treatment of snakebites among the rural populations of Indian subcontinent: An indication from the traditional use To pharmacological confirmation". Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, n. 5 (6 settembre 2018): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1799.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Snakebite is one of the important medical problems that affect the public health due to their high morbimortality. Most of the snake venoms produce intense lethal effects, which could lead to impermanent or permanent disability or in often death to the victims. The accessible specific treatment was using the antivenom serum separated from envenomed animals, whose efficiency is reduced against these lethal actions but it has a serious side effects. In this circumstance, this review aimed to provide an updated overview of herbal plants used popularly as antiophidic agents and discuss the main species with pharmacological studies supporting the uses, with prominence on plants inhibiting the lethal effects of snake envenomation amongst the rural tribal peoples of India. There are several reports of the accepted use of herbal plants against snakebites worldwide. In recent years, many studies have been published to giving pharmacological confirmation of benefits of several vegetal species against local effects induced by a broad range of snake venoms, including inhibitory potential against hyaluronidase, phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, myotoxic, and edematogenic activities. In India, a variety of herbal plants are used to cure against the snakebites and other poisonous bites, used either in alone or in combination with other herbal agents. The present study was designed to formulate an attempt to bring together information on medicinal plants that are grown and used for snakebite treatment in India. From a variety of literature sources, data have been compiled with prominence on the plants, family, parts used, etc., depending on the availability of information.
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Raj, Asha S., Rabinarayan Acharya, Bhupesh R. Patel e Sharad Pawar. "A narrative review on genotoxic potential of medicinal plants used in Ayurveda". International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 14, n. 1 (4 aprile 2023): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v14i1.3316.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Genotoxic substances are those which are capable to induce a destructive effect on a cell’s genetic material. It can be either carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen or cytotoxic depending upon the dose, duration and mode of usage. Mutations may manifest in many forms as duplication, deletion or insertion. However, all mutagens are genotoxic, not all genotoxins induce mutations. Currently traditional medicines and plant drugs are used across the globe without strict medical supervision. In a country like India, folklore medicines play a pivot role in health sector. Irrational long-term usage of any plant-based drug are capable to induce adverse reactions. Till date there is no single hand information about the genotoxic effects of medicinal plants used in Ayurveda. Many of the drugs reported for toxicity are potent drug candidates in Ayurveda. From the available literature 184 articles reported the genotoxicity of medicinal plants. After shortlisting with the inclusion and exclusion criteria’s 57 articles are found to be on genotoxic potential of medicinal plants. Present review reports genotoxic effect of 32 drugs used either as single or combination. It contains various array of drugs, for example poisonous drugs like Arka, Dhattura, Mandookaparni – which is a medhya rasayana, Guduchi – which is a potent immunomodulator and so on. Among them a few drugs like Palandu, Tanduleeyaka, Misreya, Chandrasoora, Sariba, Manjishta, Dadima, Guduchi etc. need special attention. This article tries to provide an insight on the reported genotoxic effect of plants used in Ayurveda.
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Sahu, Anita, Inchulkar S.R. e Yuvraj Kaushik. "MEDICINAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DHATURA: A REVIEW". International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 8, n. 10 (18 ottobre 2020): 4847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj4508102020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dhatura is a toxic shrub and also a medicinal plant. Ayurvedic literature mentions the use of poisonous plants in the treatment of various human ailments. Dhatura is one of the Upvisha. It is a wildly growing plant from the Solanaceae family, used in many Ayurvedic formulations. This plant has contributed various pharmacological actions in the scientific field of Indian systems of medicine like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, hypoglycemic, anti-rheumatoid, and wound healing activities. It contains a variety of toxic tropane alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine, etc. every part of the plant is toxic, but the highest number of alkaloids is contained in the seed. Dhatura poisoning is common in In-dia. The administration of improper amounts of Dhatura affects the central nervous system with symptoms such as dysphagia, dementia, confusion, convulsions, delirium, and hallucination. However, death by Dhatura poisoning is rare, recovery may take several days. Therefore, understanding the possible medici-nal and toxicological effects of Dhatura is needed.
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Khan, Momina, Muhammad Sarwar, Nighat Sultana, Fareeha Kausar e Umer Waqar Azeem. "DHATURA POISONING: AN ANTICHOLINERGIC TOXIDROME ASSOCIATED WITH WILD PLANT". Pakistan Postgraduate Medical Journal 34, n. 04 (8 gennaio 2024): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51642/ppmj.v34i04.669.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dhatura is one of the poisonous flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae of Kingdom Plantae. Dhatura Stramonium – the commonest specie is a toxic plant distributed widely especially in the marshland. Jimson weed, Thorn apple and Angel’s trumpet are its commonly used names. Tropane alkaloids including atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine are its major lethal components.1 It was traditionally be used in Chinese herbal medication to ameliorate symptoms of asthma and bronchitis. In United States it had been used in recreational drugs for its hallucinogenic property; whereas in Indo-Pak region it is commonly used as stupefying agent for theft, robbery, rape or kidnapping. Accidental ingestion is common particularly if mistaken as chili seeds; however, its use in criminal abortion and as suicidal or homicidal agent has also been reported in the literature.2 This report illustrates an unusual case of ingestion of Dhatura plant’s seeds by 2 years old kid given to him accidentally by his grandfather from the garden near to their house; followed by severe anticholinergic manifestations in both of them
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Bala, Auwal A., Mustapha Mohammed, Saifullahi Umar, Marzuq A. Ungogo, Mohammed Al-Kassim Hassan, Umar S. Abdussalam, Mubarak Hussaini Ahmad et al. "Preclinical efficacy of African medicinal plants used in the treatment of snakebite envenoming: a systematic review protocol". Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease 9 (gennaio 2022): 204993612110726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20499361211072644.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a high-priority, neglected, tropical disease that affects millions of people in developing countries annually. The only available standard drug used for the treatment of SBE is antisnake venom (ASV) which consists of immunoglobulins that have been purified from the plasma of animals hyper-immunized against snake venoms. The use of plants as alternatives for treatment of poisonous bites particularly snakebites is important in remote areas where there might be limited, or no access to hospitals and storage facilities for antivenom. The pharmacological activity of some of the medicinal plants used traditionally in the treatment of SBE have also been scientifically validated. Method: A systematic review will be conducted according to the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies checklist for study quality in animal/ in vivo studies. The tool will be modified and validated to assess in vitro models and studies that combine in vivo and in vitro studies. The systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. English published articles on African medicinal plants used in the treatment of snakebite envenoming will be searched in Medline, Embase, and Scopus from 2000 to 2021. Dissemination: The findings of the study will be communicated through publication in peer-reviewed journal and presentation at scientific conferences. Medicinal plants have been important sources for the development of many effective drugs currently available in orthodox medicine. Botanically derived medicines have played a major role in human societies throughout history. Plants components used in traditional medicine gained much attention by many toxinologists as a tool for designing potent antidotes against snake envenoming. Our systematic review will provide a synthesis of the literature on the efficacy of these medicinal plants. We will also appraise the prospects of African medicinal plants with pharmacologically demonstrated activity against snakebite and envenoming.
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M Khan, Amrendra. "Conventional Medicinal Uses and Chemical Structure of Important Secondary Metabolites in the Genus Eremostachys: A Literature Review". Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 15, n. 1 (25 marzo 2022): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.15.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Genus Eremostachys Bunge is a key medicinal plant grown in Eastern Europe, Central and Western Asia and Middle East. The plants of this genus have numerous secondary metabolites, which exhibit both traditional and pharmacological applications. Eremostachys contains several classes of reactive chemical ingredients such as flavonoids (viz. Apigenin, Luteolin, Loasifolin, Loasin A, Apuleisin, Apigenin and Kaempferol etc), isoflavonoids (viz. Soforanarin B, Loasin B and Vicarin), iridoid glucosides (viz. Shanzhiside, Lamalbide, Lamalbidic acid, Epiloganin, Pulchelloside, Harpagide, Pulchelloside, hamighriprasin, Eremoside, Phloyoside and Barlerin etc.), phenylethanoid glycosides (viz. Verbascoside, Leucosceptoside A, and Echinacoside etc,), acids, hydrocarbons, terpenes, diterpenoids and sterols (viz. Eremostachiin, Phlomisoside II, Stigmasterol, β-Sitosterol, Daucosterol and Oleanolic aicd) etc. These metabolites are well known for their pharmacological applications such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antirheumatic, anti-poisonous, antimalarial, anticancer, antimalarial, antiallergic, antiarthritic and antidepressant etc. Before the identification of chemical constituents, genus Eremostachys was used by few countries since ancient viz. by China, Iran, India, Pakistan, Tajakistan and few middle and south Asian countries etc. This genus has been used by people of these region since ancient as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, ant-insecticidal, antiparasitic, antiallergic, liver care, joint pain, arthritis, antioxidant, antibacterial, antidepressant, antimalarial, perfumery, detergent, soap, beauty products. In India, E. superba has been used as a food for cattle to increase milk production. In the present review, the important traditional uses of some important species of the genus Eremostachys have been briefly discussed due to their availability and affordability. The number of medicinal and pharmacological applications of the plant genus Eremostachys are also summarized in the paper.
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Widyaningrum, Ria. "The Phenomenon of Farmer Behavior in Using Chemical Pesticides". ENVIBILITY: Journal of Environmental and Sustainability Studies 1, n. 1 (28 aprile 2023): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.55381/envibility.v1i1.101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Most farmers in Indonesia engage in agricultural activities that use pesticides to control Plant Pests and Diseases (PPD). The use of pesticides by farmers to combat PPDs often disregards the potential environmental impacts. Furthermore, farmers’ limited understanding of environmentally friendly pesticides weakens their awareness of utilizing plant-based pesticides to control PPDs. This phenomenon has resulted in environmental imbalances, which impact the PPD being controlled and the wider ecosystem due to the toxic or poisonous nature of chemical pesticides. Hence, this article aims to explore and comprehend the experiences of farmers who practice agriculture while utilizing chemical pesticides. This study employs a literature review approach by analyzing several articles published between 2008 and 2022 that discuss the topic of pesticide use by farmers in their agricultural activities, including food crops and horticultural plants. The study concludes that farmers' use of chemical pesticides is influenced by various internal and external factors. Encouraging changes in farmers’ behaviour towards the use of environmentally friendly pesticides requires continuous support from local extension agents who provide regular and consistent information to farmers, followed by Integrated Pest Management Field Schools (IPM-FS) activities.
21
Chatuphale, Gajanan Diliprao, Sonali Chalakh e Meghsham Anjankar. "A Comparative HPLC Quantification of Vatsanabha (Aconitum ferox Wall ex Seringe.) Root Processed in Cow's Urine and Cow's Milk". International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 12, n. 1 (31 marzo 2021): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v12i1.1740.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Vatsanabh mula (Aconitum ferox Wall ex Seringe root); is toxic due to its chief active principle an alkaloid named as Aconitine. According to Ayurveda and modern science; it is included in one of the most poisonous plants known till today to mankind. Despite it is used widely in Ayurvedic treatment in various diseases. So its use in medicinal preparation should be done only after proper processing termed as Shodhan (purification) procedures. These processings are done in specific media. Shodhan procedures enhance therapeutic properties of Vatsanabha, reduce its toxicity & convert it into medicine. In Ayurvedic literature, media like Gomutra (Cow’s urine), Godugdha (Cow’s milk) and Ajadugdha (Goat’s milk) has been mentioned for Shodhan procedures of Vatsanabha. This study focuses on effect of two Shodhan procedures of Vatsanabha Mula by using Gomutra (cow’s urine) and Godugdha (cow’s milk) on HPLC quantification of Aconitine while the raw roots were taken as control. Changes in HPLC chromatogram confirm the effect of Shodhan procedure on Vatsanabha. In HPLC analysis, peaks were observed at retention time 30.1. Areas under the curve were less in the samples after purification with cow’s urine compared to purification with cow’s milk, indicating denaturation of some component after purification. Hence, Vatsanabha mula purified by Gomutra (cow’s urine) may be regarded as better method of purification as far as toxic alkaloids are concerned.
22
Howard, Ashley. "Lettuce Entertain You: Floral Agency in Ralph Knevet's <i>Rhodon and Iris</i>". Performance Philosophy 6, n. 2 (1 novembre 2021): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21476/pp.2021.62334.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This essay investigates the performativity of plants in Ralph Knevet’s Rhodon and Iris, a play that was written and performed for a feast held by the Norwich Society of Florists in 1631. The play explores at least two forms of performativity: the first is the act of staging plants for a theatrical performance, where vegetables present their virtues through floral allegories that are enacted by human players. The second form is the way plants affect and are affected by their environments, particularly as theorized by Michael Marder and Mel Y. Chen. In Rhodon and Iris, these two dimensions work together to produce a form of floral agency that decenters the human. The essay explores how floral agency collaborates with literary narratives when beings perform for plants (within a history of floral celebrations), as plants (embodying plants as allegorical figures), and with plants (floral characters using plants as ingredients in cosmetics, poisons, and antidotes). Knevet uses literature to articulate a unique plant philosophy that challenges divisions between art and nature and among literature, philosophy, and science. Rhodon and Iris thus illustrates the many ways that theatrical performances and printed playbooks, and even printed herbals and herbaria, responded to and shaped the performativity of plants.
23
Subhra Sarkar, Tuhin, e Gouranga Santra. "A clinico-epidemiological Study of acute Self-poisoning by different Types of herbicidal Substances used in agricultural Fields: A Study from Patients admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal". Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 70, n. 8 (1 agosto 2022): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/japi-11001-0058.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Herbicides are the chemical compounds used to control the growth of unwanted plants or to eliminate them. The common poisonous herbicides available in India are paraquat, glyphosate, pretilachlor, etc. Ingestion of herbicides with suicidal intention is common in rural India and West Bengal but very scanty literature is available. Methodology: We conducted a unicentric, hospital-based, noninterventional, cross-sectional study comprising 50 consecutive patients to estimate the morbidity, case fatality, and clinical features of acute suicidal poisoning of different herbicides used in agricultural fields. Data were collected from history, clinical features, and laboratory findings. Proper statistical method was used for data analysis. Results: Most of the study population were from 26 to 40 years age group (48%), followed by 13–25 years age group (34%). Paraquat was ingested by 64%, followed by pretilachlor (20%) and glyphosate (16%). Common symptoms were vomiting (60%), abdominal pain (40%), throat discomfort (26%), oral ulcer (24%), decreased urination (50%), and respiratory distress (30%). In laboratory investigation, 64% patients had deranged liver enzymes, 58% patients had acute kidney injury, and 30% patients had alveolar damage. A total of 62% patients were discharged after recovery and 38% patients died. Case fatality rate of paraquat was 56.2%, glyphosate was 12.5%, and pretilachlor was nil (0%). Conclusion: Herbicides like paraquat and glyphosate are associated with high morbidity and case fatality. Paraquat has the highest case fatality rate. Pre-emergent herbicide pretilachlor is relatively safe.
24
Muderawan, I. Wayan, I. Wayan Karyasa, I. Nyoman Tika e Gede Agus Beni Widana. "Chemistry and Biology of Cyanides: A Literature Review". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry and Environment 6, n. 2 (6 dicembre 2023): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ijoce.v6i2.67030.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The term cyanide is used to describe compounds that contain the cyano, -C≡N, group. The cyanides exist in nature as inorganic as well as organic compounds in the forms of gas or liquid such as HCN, CNCl and acetonitrile, or solids such as NaCN, KCN, and Ca(CN)2. Cyanide compounds are also found in addible plants as cyanogenic glycosides. Compounds that can release cyanide are known as cyanogenic compounds. HCN has a low boiling point (25.63 oC) and is as weakly acidic with a pKa 9.2. It partially ionizes in water to give the cyanide anion, -CN. Cyanide ion from salt reacts with acid to give HCN, but at high pH (8-10), it remains as cyanide ion even if the temperature of the water is 80.0-100.0 °C. Cyanide is one of the deadliest poisons, LC50 is 1.1 and 5.0 mg/kg for HCN and NaCN, which can cause death to those who come into contact within a few minutes or hours of exposure, depending on the level and route of exposure. It is a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that interferes with the body’s ability to use oxygen. Due to its toxicity, cyanide has many roles in industry such as pesticides and medicines as nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals. Organic compounds that have a −C≡N functional group are called nitriles. Over 30 nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals are currently marketed for a diverse variety of medicinal indications with more than 20 additional nitrile-containing leads in clinical development. In addition, over 120 naturally occurring nitriles have been isolated from terrestrial and marine sources. In plants, cyanides are usually bound to sugar molecules in the form of cyanogenic glycosides. Hydrogen cyanide can be released from hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides which are commonly present in edible plants. Because it is a relatively common toxin in the environment, the body can detoxify a small amount of cyanide. The major route of metabolism for cyanides is detoxification in the liver by the mitochondrial enzyme rhodanese, which catalyzes the transfer of the sulfane sulfur of thiosulfate to the cyanide ion to form thiocyanate. Ingested cyanide may be countered by administering antidotes, such as natural vitamin B12 and sodium thiosulfate, that detoxify cyanide or bind to it.
25
Karlina, Asta. "Review Literatur : Efektivitas Tumbuhan yang Mengandung Senyawa Flavonoid sebagai Antioksidan yang Berpotensi sebagai Hepatoprotektor". Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi 3, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2023): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/bjkb.v3i1.157.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The liver plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of an organism, if there is damage to the liver it will disrupt its function and be fatal. Liver damage caused by poisons, drugs, and all other possible causes can be protected by compounds containing flavonoids as antioxidants which have the potential to become hepatoprotectors. The purpose of this literature review is to discuss the antioxidant effectiveness of several plants that have the potential as hepatoprotectors. The method used in this review is based on literature studies from several scientific publications in national journals on the effectiveness of plants containing flavonoid compounds as antioxidants used for hepatoprotectors, which consists of 16 articles. The results used from several studies show the effectiveness of the plant with each dose that has been tested.
26
Ahmad, Kaleem, Haqeeq Ahmad e Khadija Abdul Hafiz. "Neela Thotha (Copper sulphate): An important mineral drug of Unani medicine to be used in the management of various ailments". Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, n. 2-S (15 aprile 2021): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2-s.4819.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Neela Thotha (Copper sulphate) is a mineral origin drug in Unani system of medicine (USM). Chemically, it is known as copper sulphate that formulated as CuSO4. It is used by various Unani scholars to manage different ailments in effective and safe manner as Mufrad (single) and Murakkab (compound) form viz. Amrad Jild (skin disease), Amrad Chashm (eyes diseases), Amrad Nizam Hadm (GIT diseases), Amrad Tansuliya (sexually transmit diseases), Amrad Dimag (brain diseases), Amrad Tanffus (respiratory disease) and Poisoning of certain substances. A review was done by bibliographic database from ScienceDirect, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ebsco Publishing's Electronic Databases, and Scirus. Search was done by using key words viz. ‘Neela Thotha’, ‘Copper sulphate ’, ‘Tootiya’, and ‘CuSO4’, literature of Neela Thotha was also collected from the renowned Unani text book viz. Khazain-ul-Advia, Mohit-e-Aazam, Makhzan-ul-Mufradat, and Mufradat-e-Azizi and also from standard conventional books viz. Indian Medicinal Plants, and Parikh’s Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. In conventional medicine Neela Thotha considered as poisonous substance characterized by colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, severe headache, albuminuria, dyspnoea, circulatory failure, coma and death and avoids its use in human being. While in USM after proper detoxification of Neela Thotha is used in various ailments. Neela Thotha and its formulations have been claimed by Unani scholars to be useful in the management of various ailments. In this article authors have an attempt to explore properties and used of Neela Thotha in several ailments.
Keywords: Neela Thotha; Tootiya; CuSO4; Copper sulphate; Copper
27
Azhagu Madhavan, S., S. Ganesan, R. Sripriya e R. Priyadharshini. "A Literature Review of Anti- Diabetic Medicinal Plant Properties (Costus speices)". Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 2, n. 5 (6 maggio 2021): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1231.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Costus species is a significant restorative and decorative plant used to fix various illnesses. In India 6,000 plants are used for traditional and herbal medicine. The plant Costus spicatus commonly known as ‘Spiral ginger’ as ‘insulin plant’, a wonder drug down blood sugar level and hypoglycemic properties. The plant has been found to have numerous pharmacological exercises, for example, antibacterial, antifungal, anticholineesterase, cancer prevention agent, antihyperglycemic, calming, pain relieving, antipyretic, antidiuretic, antistress and estrogenic action. The rhizomes of Costus species are harsh, astringent, bitter, cooling, love potion, laxative, anthelminthic, depurative, febrifuge, expectorant, tonic, improve assimilation, and is an energizer herb that clears poisons. It additionally has against richness, anabolic properties. This audit plainly demonstrates the need to perform logical investigations with therapeutic vegetation featuring potential for Costus species because of its antidiabetic, pharmacological and cell reinforcement properties. The rhizome is credited with purgative and tonic properties. India is a botanical garden of the world for natural resources.
28
Popay, Ian, e Roger Field. "Grazing Animals as Weed Control Agents". Weed Technology 10, n. 1 (marzo 1996): 217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045942.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Literature on the effectiveness of grazing animals (especially cattle, goats, and sheep) in controlling weeds is reviewed. Availability of animals and the ability to fence them onto or off weed infestations are essential. Weeds of pastures are the most suitable subjects for control, although weeds of arable crops, forestry, and waste places are sometimes amenable to control by grazing animals. Although grazing animals themselves often cause weed problems in pasture, adjusting grazing timing or intensity or both can sometimes redress the balance. Increasing sheep or cattle stocking rates prevents animals from grazing selectively and can help control some weeds. Adjusting grazing pressure can also improve the growth of desirable pasture species so that these are more competitive and able to resist invasion of annual or biennial weeds. Introducing a different class of stock, like sheep into a cattle system or goats into a sheep system can control many weeds. Goats are capable of browsing on and controlling spiny or poisonous brush weeds, including gorse and poison ivy, without suffering adverse effects. Examples are given of the use of grazing animals for weed control in crops and forestry.
29
SATO, Motoaki. "Poisonous Natural Plants". Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 52, n. 2 (2011): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.52.87.
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30
Osselton, M. D. "Poisonous plants prospectus". Journal of the Forensic Science Society 26, n. 2 (marzo 1986): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-7368(86)72469-9.
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31
Hassoon, Israa Mohammed, e Shaymaa Akram Hantoosh. "CFNN for Identifying Poisonous Plants". Baghdad Science Journal 20, n. 3(Suppl.) (20 giugno 2023): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.7874.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Identification of poisonous plants is a hard challenge for researchers because of the great similarity between poisonous and non- poisonous plants. Traditional methods to identify poisonous plant can be tiresome, therefore, automated poisonous plants identification system is needed. In this work, cascade forward neural network framework is proposed to identify poisonous plants based on their leaves. The proposed system was evaluated on both (poisonous leaves/non-poisonous leaves) which are collected using smart phone and internet. Combination of shape features and statistical features are extracted from leaf then fed to cascade-forward neural network which used TRAINLM function for training. 500 samples of leaf images are used, 250 samples are poisonous, the remaining 250 samples are non-poisonous.300 samples used in training, 200 samples for testing. Our system is achieved an accuracy value of 99.5%.
32
Kinge, Tonjock Rosemary, Gary Goldman, Adriaana Jacobs, George Gatere Ndiritu e Marieka Gryzenhout. "A first checklist of macrofungi for South Africa". MycoKeys 63 (5 febbraio 2020): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.63.36566.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Macrofungi are considered as organisms that form large fruiting bodies above or below the ground that are visible without the aid of a microscope. These fungi include most basidiomycetes and a small number of ascomycetes. Macrofungi have different ecological roles and uses, where some are edible, medicinal, poisonous, decomposers, saprotrophs, predators and pathogens, and they are often used for innovative biotechnological, medicinal and ecological applications. However, comprehensive checklists, and compilations on the diversity and distribution of mushrooms are lacking for South Africa, which makes regulation, conservation and inclusion in national biodiversity initiatives difficult. In this review, we compiled a checklist of macrofungi for the first time (excluding lichens). Data were compiled based on available literature in journals, books and fungorium records from the National Collection of Fungi. Even if the list is not complete due to numerous unreported species present in South Africa, it still represents an overview of the current knowledge of the macromycetes of South Africa. The list of names enables the assessment of gaps in collections and knowledge on the fungal biodiversity of South Africa, and downstream applications such as defining residency status of species. It provides a foundation for new names to be added in future towards developing a list that will be as complete as possible, and that can be used by a wide audience including scientists, authorities and the public.
33
Patel, Narsingh, Anita Sharma e Amol Sudhakar Kadu. "An Exploratory Review of Kushthaghna Mahakashaya in Skin Disorders w.s.r. to Visha". International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 05, n. 02 (2022): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2022.5221.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: The Ayurveda treatises are collection of vast knowledge regarding medical and environmental aspects. It has a separate branch called Agada Tantra which deals with the toxicological aspects. We aim to evaluate this knowledge regarding dermatological manifestation due to Visha (toxins) vis-à-vis contemporary knowledge. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the rationality and applicability of Kushthaghna Mahakashaya in the prevention and management of skin disorders caused by various type of poisons. Data Source: The references available in classical texts, various Nighantu and research articles regarding the various forms of poisons and their dermatological manifestations were analyzed and compared to the knowledge available in contemporary medical literatures. Review methods: A sincere study of classical Ayurveda text-books and their available commentaries along with modern texts, websites and articles has been done to explore the importance of Kushthaghna Mahakashaya in various skin diseases. Result and conclusion: The herbs mentioned in the Kushthaghna Mahakashaya were scientifically evaluated in various preclinical and clinical studies and showed antiviral, immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancerous, cardio-protective, neuroprotective, anti- fungal, and anti- bacterial activity, according to the results of the literature quest. The proper application of Kushthaghna Mahakashaya plants will aid in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases.
34
Zhang, Hong-Xiang, Ming-Li Zhang e Yong Wang. "Distribution pattern of poisonous plant species in arid grasslands: a case from Xinjiang, Northwestern China". Rangeland Journal 39, n. 3 (2017): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj16018.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Poisonous plants threaten the ecosystem health of grasslands and the sustainability of animal husbandry. In arid lands, grassland ecosystems tend to be vulnerable and have been degraded due to the influence of human activities. The total area of the natural grasslands in Xinjiang, a large region in arid north-western China, ranks third in terms of area in China. In the process of grassland degradation, poisonous plants have spread widely and quickly in this region. During recent years, increasing economic losses have been caused by poisonous plants in Xinjiang. Although poisonous plants have been reported at some specific locations, their spatial patterns have rarely been investigated at a large regional scale. To understand the current status of hazards and assess the invasion risks of poisonous plants, we sampled ~150 poisonous plant species from Xinjiang and modelled the present and the future (the 2050s and the 2070s) distribution of 90 species using species distribution modelling. Based on the distribution maps of these poisonous plants, four diversity hotspots of poisonous plants were identified in Xinjiang. The results showed that northern Xinjiang had higher levels of poisonous plant diversity compared with the other part of Xinjiang. The precipitation factors had the most influence on prediction of the poisonous plants distributions in the species distribution modelling. Under the scenarios of future climate change, the results of modelling showed that regions close to the four hotspots of poisonous plants in Xinjiang displayed higher risks of invasion by poisonous plants in the future. In addition, these areas with a high risk of plant invasion will become increasingly large. We propose that policy makers consider implementing monitoring and prevention measures in areas identified as having a high risk of future invasion by poisonous plants.
35
Reeder, Charlotte G., e Robert J. Hill. "Poisonous Plants of Pennsylvania." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 113, n. 3 (luglio 1986): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2996374.
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Barneby, Rupert C., Robert J. Hill e Donna Folland. "Poisonous Plants of Pennsylvania." Brittonia 38, n. 4 (ottobre 1986): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807076.
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Stern, William Louis, e Will H. Blackwell. "Poisonous and Medicinal Plants." Systematic Botany 16, n. 1 (gennaio 1991): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2418984.
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38
Desai, K. N. "Poisonous plants of Goa". Zoos' Print Journal 14, n. 12 (21 novembre 1999): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.zpj.14.12.175-6.
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Bates, Nicola. "Poisonous plants part 2". Companion Animal 23, n. 10 (2 ottobre 2018): 558–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/coan.2018.23.10.558.
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Bates, Nicola. "Poisonous plants part 1". Companion Animal 23, n. 8 (2 agosto 2018): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/coan.2018.23.8.439.
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41
Wickens, G. E. "Poisonous and Medicinal Plants". Journal of Arid Environments 23, n. 1 (luglio 1992): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)30546-9.
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42
Habermehl, Gerhard G. "Poisonous plants of Brazil". Toxicon 32, n. 2 (febbraio 1994): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(94)90103-1.
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Domozoro, C. Y. F., C. C. Wilcock, M. D. Swaine e A. H. Price. "Diversity of Poisonous Plants and their Antidotes, Affecting Ruminant Livestock Production on Rangelands in Ghana". Ghana Journal of Science 61, n. 2 (31 gennaio 2021): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjs.v61i2.12.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The survival of the extensive livestock system, the practice for most farmers in the livestock industry in Ghana depends heavily on the natural pastures as forage resource. To efficiently use the rangelands, knowledge of the species composition, especially that of poisonous plants is essential. Documented knowledge in Ghana is scanty; documentation and dissemination of the knowledge resource would enable a wider access and wider benefit to stakeholders. A study was conducted in Ghana on poisonous plants with the aim to discover the existence and diversity of poisonous plants and associated antidotes affecting livestock for documentation and preservation of knowledge. 70 different items were cited; 22 were poisonous plants for which antidotes were not cited, 28 were poisonous plants with known antidotes and 32 antidotes. There were 575 citations of plants from 194 reported cases of suspected plant poisoning, categorized as poisonous plants for which no antidotes were cited (146), poisonous plants with cited antidotes (147) and antidotes (282). 50 plants species were identified and belonged to 29 plant families. Some plants were known only by local names. There was an extensive knowledge of the diversity of poisonous plants and antidotes within the ecological zones along with possible antidotes.
44
Molyneux, Russell J., Kip E. Panter e Mengli Zhao. "Global Perspectives on Poisonous Plants: The 9th International Symposium on Poisonous Plants". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 62, n. 30 (25 marzo 2014): 7323–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf500540x.
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Reddy, Dr B. Rama Brahma, K. Malleswari e Sk Maneesha. "Poisons Plants". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, n. 2 (29 febbraio 2024): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.58266.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract: India has rich and varied flora just like its culture. Plants are so amazing and beneficial for human being in every aspect. without plants life is not possible on earth. Plant and flowers are also used for decoration of home as ornamental, some plants are poisonous in nature. Beautiful flowers and plants may have toxic properties. Inhabitant of rural area dependent on their forms and garden for foods may have poison. Many species of toxic plants have been reported from different plant families. Mostly the poisonous parts of toxic plants have been reported to be seeds, root, root bark, fruits, stem, stem bark, tubers, bulbs and sometimes whole plant. Poisonous nature of plant may be due to the presents of Alkaloids, Glycosides, and Mineral, Oxalate, Photosensitizing compound, toxic polypeptide or amine
46
BİLGİLİ, Ali, e Başak HANEDAN. "POISONOUS PLANTS IN LIVESTOCK ANIMALS 1: Astragalus spp., Oxytropis spp., Hypericum perforatum, Nerium oleander, Pteridium aquilinum". Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 9, n. 21 (25 maggio 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.930.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Poisoning of livestock animals with plants commonly occurs worldwide. Poisonous plants and their metabolites cause important economic losses for industry of livestock animals in the world. Poisoning of livestock animals with poisonous plants mostly develops when these plants are within hay or silage. In this paper context, it was dealt with poisonous effects of Astragalus spp. and Oxytropis spp., Hypericum perforatum, Nerium oleander, Pteridium aquilinum from plants leading to poisoning in livestock animals. Broad knowledge was presented about toxicity of poisonous plants and clinical signs that they cause in livestock animals. In addition, the brief knowledge was presented on the required measures for preventing poisoning of livestock animals with poisonous plants and treatment choices.
47
Verbickienė, Kazė. "CONTACT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH NATURE: COGNITIVE PROBLEM AND EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVES". Natural Science Education in a Comprehensive School (NSECS) 28, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2022): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu/22.28.85.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Students' activities in nature are a natural research laboratory where they get to know nature directly. However, more and more primary school students do not see nature naturally, but through a virtual window. It is possible to travel around the world virtually and get to know nature in a very short time, but to know it with human senses is only possible by being naturally in nature, feeling the greatness of nature and the joy of discovery. Smart technology helps to know nature, but it cannot replace natural cognition through experience. The correct initial discovery of the environment and the processes taking place in it not only helps to know and understand the surrounding world, but at the same time forms the corresponding values, the ability to live adequately in the natural-technical environment. Studies show that beginners spend little time in nature. According to treehugger.com, a survey of 10 countries shows that current beginners are outdoors for about half an hour a day, and one in nine "has not walked in a park, forest or other natural environment for at least 12 months. The aim of the research is to find out the contact of primary school students with nature and their attitude towards nature. Objectives: To analyze the literature on the importance of being in nature, its discovery and knowledge for primary school students. To determine the contact of primary school students with nature and their attitude towards nature through a semi-structured interview. From the results of the interviews to find out the connection between students / families leisure time and knowledge of nature. The study revealed: students' experiences of contact with nature are very different. The time spent in nature and the desire to be in it have a direct connection, the more often you are in nature, the more interesting it is and the more time you want to spend here. Students know a number of plants and remember the plants that bloom at the time and those that are presented with not only the name but something memorable about it. According to the students, it is necessary to know nature, to know poisonous and useful plants, dangerous animals, and it takes a lot of time to spend in nature. Students spend time in nature with parents, grandparents and teachers. Very few students mentioned parents as helpers in learning about nature. He was more like being with his parents in nature with his own knowledge of nature and having fun, warmly responding to the time spent in nature with his teacher, only feeling sorry that he rarely goes to nature. Students learn most about nature from their grandparents, as they not only introduce it, but tell a lot of interesting things about it. Throughout the conversation, it felt like an adult was important to the beginner to help him get to know him. Keywords: activities in nature, natural-technical environment, semi-structured interview, smart technology
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Tawfeeq, Mohammad Monir, Jahid Zabuli e Shahpoor Rahmati. "Most common poisonous plants of Afghanistan and its related clinical signs in domestic animals". International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 3, n. 2 (29 maggio 2020): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v3i2.33.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Afghanistan is a landlocked country, having high mountains and high percentage (46%) of permanent pastures. Many types of plants including different species of poisonous grow in the country. Many species of wild and domestic animals have free access to these poisonous plants. In developed countries, poisoning is counted as one of the most important problem for animals, but in Afghanistan it is remained among inconsiderable illness as compared to infectious or metabolic diseases. Yearly, several outbreaks of unknown diseases occur in those areas which are rich of poisonous plants and cause serious economic consequences and human health concerns. The effects of poisonous plants on animals in Afghanistan and its common clinical signs have been remained unrecognized. In this review, we investigate the most common poisonous plants to animals present in Afghanistan and its related clinical signs for early diagnosis of plant poisoning in domestic animals. This review will help readers to distinguish poisonous plants, toxic parts, poisoning signs and the areas where they grow.
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Hu, Qiu Xia, Dong Jian He, Jie Tian e Peng Cheng Zheng. "Poisonous Plants Retrieval System Based on Mobile Devices". Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (marzo 2011): 2164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.2164.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Identification of poisonous plants especially outdoor diet was practical for tourism in exciting outdoor travel. A new method called Poisonous Plants Retrieval System Based On the Mobile Device was proposed in this paper. The used mobile devices in this system were based on J2ME and the selected development platform was Eclipse. Firstly poisonous plants were classified into four main categories according to the subject categories of plants. Next, each of four main categories was classified into four sub-classes by analyzing the toxic parts or similar positions of plants. Then, to store the characteristics information of the subjects and poisonous position of plants, a symmetric two-dimensional array matrix form was developed. Finally the cell phone software retrieved known poisonous plant to help people make outdoor diet safe with high convenience.
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Chi Mai, Nguyen, Tran My Linh, Vu Huong Giang, Bui Van Thanh, Nguyen Thi Van Anh e Ninh Khac Ban. "Indigenous knowledge of poisonous plants from Van Kieu and Pa Ko ethnic groups in Quang Tri province, Vietnam". Academia Journal of Biology 45, n. 2 (24 giugno 2023): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2615-9023/18142.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Poisonous plants are known for toxicity to humans and animals. They comprise a large group of plants in the world. This study aims to collect and systematically document the traditional knowledge of poisonous plants by interviewing Van Kieu and Pa Ko ethnic communities in Quang Tri province. A total of 56 poisonous plant species (27 herbs, 15 shrubs and 14 woody plants) of flowering plants belonging to 26 families and 50 genera were found in the study site. Based on the Recorded Poisonous Plant Proportion (RPPP) values, 25 commonly recorded poisonous plants were selected for analyzing Fidelity Level (FL) and Informants Consensus Factor (ICF). The ICF value of eye irritation, neurologic category, skin irritation, gastrointestinal category and respiratory/cardiovascular category was 0.97, 0.97, 0.96, 0.93 and 0.92, respectively. The most notable species (FL: 100%) in the gastrointestinal category were Ricinus communis L. and Millettia erythrocalyx Gagnep. In the respiratory/cardiovascular category, the most important species (FL: 100%) were Gelsemium elegans (Gardner & Champ.) Benth. and Strychnos vanprukii Craib. The presented results will provide fundamental information for further phytochemical and biological investigation to ascertain the toxic compounds of poisonous plants that may be used for the treatment of appropriate diseases.