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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Plants"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 7 dicembre 2024

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1

Usmonova, Gulshod Ibrohimovna, e Gulruxsor Azamatovna Ochilova. "Medicinal Plants - Big Plantago (Planto Major)". American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 03, n. 02 (20 febbraio 2021): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue02-02.

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Del Egido Mazuelas, Fermín, Emilio Puente García, Francisco Gómiz García e Elena De Paz Canuria. "De plantis legionensibus. Notula XVIII". Acta Botanica Malacitana 30 (1 dicembre 2005): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v30i0.7191.

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Santos, Regineide Xavier, e Iara Pacheco Gomes Volejo. "Estudo experimental in vivo e in vitro de plantas medicinais nos processos de embriotoxicidade e teratogenicidade". Saúde e meio ambiente: revista interdisciplinar 10 (19 ottobre 2021): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24302/sma.v10.2797.

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir na compilação de artigos científicos sobre as plantas medicinais que possuem efeitos embriotóxicos e teratogênicos comprovados através de testes experimentais in vivo e in vitro. Foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados Medline, Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Biblioteca virtual em saúde, Lilacs e Scielo com os descritores, “Medicinal plants, embryotoxicity”; “Medicinal plants, Teratogenic effects”; “Medicinal plants, teratogenicity” e seus correspondentes em português: “Plantas medicinais, embriotoxicidade”; “Plantas medicinais, efeitos Teratogênicos”; “Plantas Medicinais Teratogenicidade”. Oito artigos de ensaios in vivo e quatro de in vitro e um que apresenta os dois ensaios, preencheram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão e foram selecionados para esta revisão. Destes, cinco foram realizados na América, um na Europa, três na África e dois na Ásia. Na maioria dos estudos in vivo o extrato da planta foi injetado no animal, observando assim seus efeitos. A partir deste estudo, foi verificado que as plantas podem apresentar algum tipo de efeito no processo embrionário, portanto, o consumo durante o estado gravidico deve ser avaliado por um profissional da área. Palavras-chave: Gestação. Planta medicinal. Embriotoxicidade. Teratogênico.

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Hunter, A. F., e L. W. Aarssen. "Plants Helping Plants". BioScience 38, n. 1 (gennaio 1988): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1310644.

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Hammerschmidt, R. "Plants inducing plants". Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 90 (aprile 2015): iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2015.05.007.

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Dáttilo, Wesley, Elisabete da Costa Marques, Jéssica Caroline de Faria Falcão e Denise Dolores de Oliveira Moreira. "Interações mutualísticas entre formigas e plantas". EntomoBrasilis 2, n. 2 (16 agosto 2009): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v2i2.44.

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O mutualismo entre formigas e plantas está entre as interações mais bem estudadas. Seu estudo vem sugerindo e testando hipóteses ecológicas e evolucionárias aplicáveis a muitas outras formas de mutualismo. A cada ano relações mais especializadas entre formigas e plantas são descobertas. Entre estas relações podemos mencionar a obtenção de abrigo e/ou alimento pela formiga, que implica no fornecimento de proteção a planta contra herbivoria, dispersão de suas sementes e, até, polinização de suas flores. Nesta revisão são discutidos os tipos de interações mutualísticas entre formigas e plantas existentes. Mutualistics interactions between ants and plants Abstract. The mutualism between ant and plants is the one of the more studied ecological relationships, and these studies have been suggesting and testing ecological and evolutionary hypothesis that can be applied to many other kinds of mutualism. Each year more specialized mutualism relationships between ants and plants are discovered. Among these relations we can mention the obtaining of shelter and / or food by the ant, witch implies in providing plant protection against herbivory, dispersal of seeds and even pollination of their flowers. In this review are discussed mutualistics types of interactions between ants and existing plants.

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Zhong Xu, Wang Xuezhi, Cooley Nicola, Farrell Peter e Moran Bill. "Taking the pulse of a plant: dynamic laser speckle analysis of plants". Infrared and Laser Engineering 45, n. 9 (2016): 0902002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla201645.0902002.

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Zhong Xu, Wang Xuezhi, Cooley Nicola, Farrell Peter e Moran Bill. "Taking the pulse of a plant: dynamic laser speckle analysis of plants". Infrared and Laser Engineering 45, n. 9 (2016): 902002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla20164509.902002.

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Dias, Cleidilene Pereira, Yuri Nascimento e Wegliane Campelo da Silva Aparício. "Conhecimento Etnobotânico de Alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma Escola Pública do Estado do Amapá". Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 24, n. 2 (7 agosto 2023): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2023v24n2p315-321.

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A utilização das plantas para fins medicinais remota à antiguidade, entretanto com o avanço da medicina e da indústria farmacêutica, acentuou-se o uso de medicamentos industrializados, fato este que pode refletir na diminuição do conhecimento e uso das plantas medicinais na atualidade. E buscando-se compreender as percepções de estudantes sobre as plantas medicinais, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento de dados sobre a diversidade de conhecimento de plantas medicinais dos alunos do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do estado do Amapá. Realizando no referido processo intervenções pedagógicas para que os estudantes aprendessem aspectos etnobotânicos e a sua importância para a sociedade, através da criação de murais e manuseio de jogos didáticos. E para a avaliação da diversidade de saberes sobre plantas medicinais, foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado com questões abertas e fechadas. Dentre as espécies de plantas citadas, as famílias botânicas mais presentes foram Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae. Os resultados obtidos apontam que 61,19% (N=41) das famílias dos alunos fazem uso de pelo menos alguma planta medicinal, e que 78,33% (N=47) dos estudantes afirmaram que os seus conhecimentos sobre as plantas medicinais são oriundos do conhecimento tradicional familiar. Através do presente estudo, foi possível constatar que mesmo com a expressiva utilização dos medicamentos industrializados, as plantas medicinais ainda são empregadas no tratamento de diversas enfermidades. Também pode-se inferir que para os alunos pesquisados, a tradicionalidade é um fator relevante para o repasse dos saberes sobre as plantas medicinais. Palavras-chave: Botânica. Plantas Medicinais. Tradição. AbstractUsing plants to medicinal goals recalls antiquity, however, combined to medicine and pharmaceutical industry advance, the use of industrialized drugs has accentuated, this fact may reverberate in actually knowledge and use of the medicinal plants’ decrement. When searching to comprehend the students’ perception around medicinal plants, this research’s main objective was to provide a data survey about students’ medicinal plants knowledge diversity, the work was made in a public high school in state of Amapá. Accomplished in the referred pedagogical intervention’s process to facilitate students’ ethnobotanical learning aspects and its relevance to society by creating murals and handling didactic games. To evaluate medicinal plants’ knowledge diversity, a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions was applied. Among the cited plants species, the more present botanical families were Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae. The obtained results point that 61,19% (N=41) of the students’ families uses at least one medicinal plant, and 78,33% (N=47) of the students affirmed that their knowledge about plants comes from familiar traditional knowledge. Athwart this work, it was possible to verify that even with expressive industrialized drugs using, the medicinal plants are still used in the treatment of various diseases. As well, it can be inferred that to the researched students, traditionally is an important factor in passing along medicinal plants’ knowledge. Keywords: Botanical. Medicinal Plants. Tradition.

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ŞENTÜRK, Muhyettin, e Rıza BİNZET. "MERSİN İLİNİN SÜS BİTKİSİ POTANSİYELİ TAŞIYAN BAZI DİKOTİL ENDEMİK BİTKİLERİ". Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 8, n. 16 (25 luglio 2021): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.584.

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Flora of Turkey, which constitutes an important part of Turkey of biological diversity, ranks first among European countries. Flora of Turkey first among other countries in the world in terms of its endemism rate. Mersin province, which is located in the Mediterranean region, which is the richest region of Turkey concerning endemism, forms an important part of our country's flora and the Mediterranean in terms of floristic. The endemism rate of flora of Mersin province is approximately 23%. Today, when urbanization is increasing and the concentration in rural areas decreases, natural ingredients and plants are increasingly included in city life. For this reason, big cities and cities such as Mersin are trying to be integrated with nature or to include nature and its ingredients in city life. Unfortunately, most of the plants that are tried to be included in city life are not natural plants of our country but are mainly exotic dicotyledon ornamental plants of foreign origin. Some of these species are invasive and appear to threaten the natural ecosystem. For this reason, it is important in many aspects to include the species with natural distribution in Mersin to the landscape areas and urban ecosystem. Therefore, the natural ecosystem will not be damaged therewithal aesthetically valuable species can be considered ornamental plants. In this context, the spread of the species suggested in our study only in our country (and some only in Mersin) is of great importance in bringing these species to the ornamental plant sector. In this study, some of the dicotyl endemic plant taxa with ornamental plant potential were identified, and photographs of these taxa were presented. Thirty different endemic taxa belonging to 13 different dicotyl families identified are listed. It is seen that the endemic taxa we propose are not very aesthetically different from the taxa currently used in the landscape, and even some taxa are more striking than some exotic taxa evaluated in the landscape. In addition, the proposed list includes taxa with medical importance in the landscape and endemic taxa that can also be considered as honey plants, as well as ground cover and hedge plants. We anticipate that these taxa, which are the elements of the natural vegetation of Mersin, can be transferred to urban areas by taking inspiration from nature and prevent biological, ecological, economic, and even pathological problems caused by a significant part of exotic species.

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Pikart, Tiago Georg, Gabriely Köerich Souza, Filipe Christian Pikart, Rafael Coelho Ribeiro e José Cola Zanuncio. "Registro de Acromyrmex disciger Mayr, 1887 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Lauraceae) no Município de Braço do Trombudo, Santa Catarina, Brasil". EntomoBrasilis 3, n. 3 (22 novembre 2010): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v3i3.107.

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Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) é cultivada para produção de folhas, cascas e raízes, devido as suas propriedades aromáticas e condimentares. Mas apesar de ser uma planta resistente, C. zeylanicum está sujeita ao ataque de vários insetos e ácaros durante o seu desenvolvimento, sendo estas pragas responsáveis por uma redução considerável no rendimento dos cultivos. O objetivo desse estudo foi registrar e caracterizar o ataque por formigas cortadeiras em plantas de C. zeylanicum em Braço do Trombudo, Santa Catarina, Brasil entre janeiro e março de 2010. Os danos caracterizaram-se pelo corte de folhas novas e brotações em plantas de C. zeylanicum com altura entre 1,0-1,5 m e desfolha total de plantas menores que 1,0 m. O ataque em plantas adultas não foi observado. Este é o primeiro registro da formiga cortadeira Acromyrmex disciger Mayr danificando plantas de C. zeylanicum no Brasil. Registration of Acromyrmex disciger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Lauraceae) in Braço do Trombudo’s District, Santa Catarina State, Brazil Abstract. Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) is cultivated for production of leaves, bark and roots, due to its aromatic and spice proprieties. But despite being a resistant plant, C. zeylanicum is subject to attack by various insects and mites during their development, and these pests are responsible for considerable reduction in crop yields. The aim of this study was to record and characterize the attack by leaf-cutting ants in plants of C. zeylanicum in Braço do Trombudo, Santa Catarina State, Brazil between January and March 2010. Damage were characterized by cutting young leaves and shoots of plants of C. zeylanicum with height between 1.0 to 1.5 m and total defoliation of plants less than 1.0 m. The attack in adult plants was not observed. This is the first record of leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex disciger Mayr damaging plants of C. zeylanicum in Brazil.

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ŞENTÜRK, Muhyettin, e Rıza BİNZET. "MERSİN İLİNİN SÜS BİTKİSİ POTANSİYELİ TAŞIYAN BAZI MONOKOTİL ENDEMİK BİTKİLERİ". Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 8, n. 16 (25 luglio 2021): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.583.

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Humanity has used plants for aesthetic purposes for centuries. Plants nowadays use cities for more livable habitats and similar purposes to satisfy the longing for nature of people who move away from nature due to increasing urbanization. So that plants attract attention as a commercial field plays a crucial role in economic development for many countries today. Our country, which is one of the richest geographies in terms of biodiversity globally, shows a total of 11466 plant taxa, 3800 of which are endemic. While the total number of plant species in all of Europe is around 12.000, in our country there are approximately 10.000 species. When the species and subspecies identified in recent years are added, around 12,000 taxa find natural habitats in our country. Mersin province is one of the important endemism centers of our country, with approximately 400 endemic species (endemism rate is approximately 23%). It is seen that the areas where geophytes spread intensively in the world are regions where the Mediterranean climate prevails, which is humid and warm in winters and dry and hot in summers. The Mediterranean Basin, where our country is located, is the second richest geophyte region in the world. Mersin province is one of the provinces located in the Mediterranean Basin. Within the scope of this study, it is to determine the usability of endemic plant species that are naturally distributed in Mersin province as ornamental plants and to ensure that they gain economic value in the ornamental plant market. For this purpose, in our study, some monocotyledon taxa that have an ornamental plant potential from endemic plant taxa in Mersin have been determined, and photographs of these taxa are presented. The recommended taxa are geophyte taxa, and the fact that they only spread in our country (some only in Mersin) is of great importance in bringing these species into the landscape as ornamental plants. A total of 20 endemic taxa belonging to 5 different monocotyledon families identified in Mersin were determined. The endangered extinction of some of these taxa proposed as ornamental plants is also of great importance in ensuring their generation by bringing them into the landscape with various production techniques.

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Çalık, Ayşe. "GREEN AREA GRASS PLANT FROM PLANTS USAGE AREA AND THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DETERMINATION". E-journal of New World Sciences Academy 15, n. 3 (30 luglio 2020): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2020.15.3.5a0137.

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Lima, Catiane Alves, Thiago Silva Campos e Barbara Santos Esteves. "Plantas Medicinais Utilizadas por Moradores de Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brasil". REVISTA FIMCA 5, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37157/fimca.v5i1.17.

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Introdução: Plantas medicinais são comumente utilizadas pelas populações desde a antiguidade. O uso dessas plantas pelos seres humanos tem sido objeto de estudo de vários levantamentos etnobotânicos. Objetivos: O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o conhecimento tradicional da população da Vila DNIT (Porto Velho, Rondônia), relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais. Materiais e Métodos: Este trabalho foi conduzido em agosto de 2017, constando de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Foram aplicados questonários em 26 residências da localidade Vila DNIT. Resultados: Foram listadas 17 espécies, classificadas em 14 famílias botânicas. As famílias botânicas mais citadas pelos moradores foram Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae e Poaceae. Os males citados tratados com o uso de plantas medicinais foram os dos sistemas respiratório e digestório, dores no corpo e inflamações. A folha foi a parte mais utilizada das plantas pelos moradores, sendo o fervimento e a infusão os principais modos de preparo. Conclusão: As pessoas da comunidade analisada fazem uso das plantas medicinais de modo a complementar seus cuidados com a saúde, sendo seus conhecimentos obtidos de geração para geração. O boldo (Plectranthus barbatus) foi a principal planta medicinal mencionada pelos moradores. Introduction: Medicinal plants are commonly used by populations since antiquity. The use of these plants by humans has been the object of study of several ethnobotanical surveys. Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the traditional knowledge of the population of Vila DNIT (Porto Velho, Rondônia), related to the use of medicinal plants. Materials and Methods: This work was conducted in August 2017, consisting of semi-structured interviews. Questionnaires were applied to 26 residences in Vila DNIT. Results: 17 species were identified, classified into 14 botanical families. The botanical families most cited by the residents were Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Poaceae. The mentioned evils treated with the use of medicinal plants were those of the respiratory and digestive systems, pains in the body and inflammations. The leaf was the most used part of the plants by the inhabitants, and the boiling and the infusion the main modes of preparation. Conclusion: People in the analyzed community use the medicinal plants to complement their healthcare, and their knowledge is obtained from generation to generation. The Boldo (Plectranthus barbatus) was the main medicinal plant mentioned by the residents.

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Scarrow, Ryan. "Solar plants versus desert plants". Nature Plants 6, n. 8 (30 luglio 2020): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-00753-5.

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İsmail, Karakaş. "Plants That Can be Used as Plant-Based Edible Vaccines; Current Situation and Recent Developments". Virology & Immunology Journal 6, n. 3 (4 novembre 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000302.

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Among the purposes of genetic engineering technology applications in plants, improving product quality, increasing resistance to harmful organisms and improving agronomic properties, the most important one is the production of drugs, hormones and vaccines for humans and animals (for example, the use of potatoes in cholera vaccines). Today, the use of plants as bioreactors to obtain recombinant proteins from plants has been further developed and accelerated thanks to the developments in plant genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology. Appearing as a concept about a decade ago, plant bioreactors are genetically modified plants whose genomes have been manipulated to incorporate and express gene sequences of a number of useful proteins from different biological sources. Plant-derived bioreactor systems offer significant advantages over techniques used for other biological-based protein production. Easy and inexpensive production from plant tissues, providing appropriate post-translational modifications for the production of recombinant viral and bacterial antigens, and showing similar biological activity to recombinant vaccines obtained in microorganisms are important reasons that encourage the use of plant tissues in vaccine production. Edible vaccines, which create an immune response in the body against a foreign pathogen that causes disease, have a working mechanism that serves as both a nutritive and a vaccine that we consume in our daily lives. In the development of edible vaccines, the gene responsible for the production of the part of the foreign pathogen that causes the disease, that is, the antigen, which provides the immune response in the body, is transferred to the plants. With this technique, antigen production is carried out in plants. For example, thanks to today's advancing technology, enough hepatitis B antigens to vaccinate all of the world's approximately 133 million live births each year can be grown on a field of approximately two hundred hectares. In addition to these, edible vaccine technology also makes edible vaccines an interesting concept as secondgeneration vaccines, as they allow several antigens to approach M (microcoat) cells at the same time, by offering multicomponent vaccine proteins that are possible by crossing two plant lines.

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Santos-Guerra, Arnoldo, Miguel Antonio Padrón Mederos, Ricardo Mesa Coello, Elizabeth Ojeda Land e J. Alfredo Reyes-Betancort. "Establecimiento de plantas introducidas en la flora vascular silvestre canaria. II (Dicotiledóneas)." Acta Botanica Malacitana 39 (1 dicembre 2014): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v39i1.2612.

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Establishment of introduced plants in the Canarian wild vascular flora. II (Dicots)Palabras clave. Corología, novedades, plantas invasoras, Islas Canarias, plantas ornamentales.Keywords. Chorology, new records, invasive plants, Canary Islands, ornamental plants.

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Santos-Guerra, Arnoldo, Miguel Antonio Padrón Mederos, Ricardo Mesa Coello, Elizabeth Ojeda Land e J. Alfredo Reyes-Betancort. "Establecimiento de plantas introducidas en la flora vascular silvestre canaria. I (Helechos, Gimnospermas y Monocotiledóneas). Establishment of introduced plants in the Canarian wild vascular flora. I (Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Monocots)". Acta Botanica Malacitana 38 (1 dicembre 2013): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v38i0.2646.

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Establishment of introduced plants in the Canarian wild vascular flora. I (Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Monocots) Palabras clave. Corología, novedades, plantas invasoras, islas Canarias, plantas ornamentales. Keywords. Chorology, new records, invasive plants, Canary Islands, ornamental plants.

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Oliveira, L. R. "Uso popular de plantas medicinais por mulheres da comunidade quilombola de Furadinho em Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil". Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 10, n. 3 (16 ottobre 2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v10i3.3408.

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Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar um levantamento do uso popular de plantas medicinais por mulheres da Comunidade Quilombola de Furadinho em Vitória da Conquista-Bahia. O trabalho foi realizado na comunidade Quilombola de Furadinho, visando identificar as principais plantas utilizadas com fins medicinais, as formas de obtenção, sua indicação medicinal, a parte da planta utilizada, as formas de preparo, bem como as formas de obtenção e transmissão deste conhecimento. Para a realização dessa pesquisa foram entrevistadas 14mulheres com idades variadas, moradoras dessa comunidade, através de questionários semi estruturados, e análise descritiva. Constatou-se um vasto conhecimento relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais entre as entrevistadas, o qual foi adquirido de forma oral através de pais e avós. As plantas medicinais utilizadas são em sua maioria cultivadas em quintais, sendo as folhas a parte mais utilizada nas preparações medicamentosas, e a principal forma de preparo são os chás. Foram identificadas 30 plantas com fins medicinais e terapêuticos, sendo a Erva cidreira, o Capim santo, o Hortelã grosso, a Arruda e a Erva doce as mais utilizadas.Popularized use of medicinal plants by women of Quilombo of Furadinho community in Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil Abstract: This work aimed to carry out a survey of the popular use of medicinal plants by women of Furadinho Quilombo Community in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. The work was conducted in the Furadinho Quilombo Community, aiming at identifying the main plants used for medical purposes, the ways of obtaining, its indication medicinal, the part of the plant used, the forms of preparation, as well as ways of obtaining and transmission of this knowledge. For the realization of this research were interviewed 14 women with ages varied, dwell in this community, through semi-structured questionnaires, and descriptive analysis. It was found a vast knowledge related to the use of medicinal plants among the interviewees, which was purchased in oral form by parents and grandparents. Medicinal plants used are mostly grown in quintals, being the sheets the most used in medicinal preparations, and the main form of preparation are the teas. Were identified 30 plants with medicinal and therapeutic purposes, being the lemon grass, the Grass holy, the Mint grosso, Arruda and Erva Doce the most used.

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Kondratiev, M. N., e Yu S. Larikova. "Allelopathy as a mechanism of interaction plants and plants, plants and insects, plants and microorganisms". Agrarian science 327, n. 2 (2019): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2019-326-2-57-61.

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panigrahi, Sunitha, Dr k. Aruna Lakshmi e Nida Mir. "Micro Propagation and Plant Strengthening of Tissue Cultured Plants, Inoculated with Several Bacterial Strains". International Journal of Scientific Research 2, n. 8 (1 giugno 2012): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/aug2013/7.

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Raina, Sanjay. "Balanced Plant Nutrition – A Key to Healthy Plants, Healthy People and A Healthy Environment!" Pesticides and Bio Fertilizers 1, n. 1 (9 febbraio 2018): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8825/003.

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Forti, V. A., S. M. Cicero, M. M. Inomoto, E. Sliwinska, R. Van Der Schoor e H. Jalink. "Meloidogyne javanica infection of soybean plants: plant response, seed quality and green seeds occurrence". Seed Science and Technology 43, n. 3 (15 dicembre 2015): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2015.43.3.08.

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Olausson, Johan. "Plants". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 154, n. 2 (giugno 2007): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00641.x.

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25

Koning, Ross E. "Plants". American Biology Teacher 77, n. 9 (1 novembre 2015): 712–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2015.77.9.12d.

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26

Koning, Ross E. "Plants". American Biology Teacher 78, n. 8 (1 ottobre 2016): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2016.78.8.690.

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27

Koning, Ross E. "Plants". American Biology Teacher 76, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2014): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2014.76.1.13c.

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28

Bahcall, Orli, Angela K. Eggleston e Sadaf Shadan. "Plants". Nature 543, n. 7645 (marzo 2017): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/543327a.

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29

Bradberry, Sally, e Allister Vale. "Plants". Medicine 35, n. 12 (dicembre 2007): 649–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2007.09.008.

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30

Bradberry, Sally, e Allister Vale. "Plants". Medicine 40, n. 3 (marzo 2012): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2011.12.005.

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31

Bradberry, Sally, e Allister Vale. "Plants". Medicine 44, n. 2 (febbraio 2016): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2015.11.017.

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32

Delwiche, Charles F., e Ruth E. Timme. "Plants". Current Biology 21, n. 11 (giugno 2011): R417—R422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2011.04.021.

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33

Isaac, Robert A. "Plants". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 73, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1990): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/73.1.142a.

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34

Isaac, Robert A. "Plants". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1991): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.1.166b.

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35

Isaac, Robert A. "Plants". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, n. 2 (1 marzo 1987): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.2.312.

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36

Isaac, Robert A. "Plants". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1988): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.1.108a.

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37

Isaac, Robert A. "Plants". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 72, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1989): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/72.1.108.

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38

Figueiredo, Francisco Romário Andrade, João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro, Toshik Iarley da Silva, Jackson Silva Nóbrega, Marlenildo Ferreira Melo, Manoel Bandeira de Albuquerque e Guilherme Silva de Podestá. "MORPHOLOGY OF TOMATO PLANTS UNDER NEMATODE ATTACK AND SALICYLIC ACID APPLICATION". Nativa 10, n. 1 (14 marzo 2022): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v10i1.13217.

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Root-knot nematodes are the main soil-dwelling phytopathogens that cause severe damages to plants, especially tomato plants. Exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) can mitigate such pathogenicity. This work aimed to evaluate the growth of tomato plants submitted to Meloidogyne javanica population densities (PD) and application of SA. The experiment was a randomized block design, in an incomplete factorial scheme (central composite design), with five PD (0, 5815, 20000, 34184, and 40,000 eggs per pot) and five SA doses (0.0, 0.29, 1.0, 1.71, and 2.0 mM), with four replicates containing two plants each. Number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass, Dickson's quality index, leaf area, specific leaf area, specific leaf weight, root volume, absolute and relative growth rates for plant height, number of eggs, number of galls, and nematode reproduction factor were evaluated at 50 days after soil inoculation (DAI). Results showed the application of 0.97, 2.0, and 0.88 mM SA increased, respectively, the RGR, SLA and SLW. On the other hand, 0.91 and 0.93 mM SA decreased, respectively, the number of eggs and reproduction factor of nematodes. Also, M. javanica did not affect the growth of tomato plants until 50 DAI. Keywords: Meloidogyne javanica; phytohormone; Solanum lycopersicum. Morfologia do tomateiro sob ataque de nematoides e aplicação de ácido salicílico RESUMO: Nematoides das galhas são uns dos principais patógenos de solo que causam danos severos nas plantas, especialmente em plantas de tomate. A aplicação exógena de ácido salicílico (AS) pode minimizar os efeitos desses patógenos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento de plantas de tomate submetidas à densidades populacionais de Meloidogyne javanica (DP) e aplicação de AS. O delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial incompleto (Composto Central de Box) com cinco DP (0, 5815, 20000, 34184 e 40000 ovos por planta) e cinco doses de AS (0.0, 0.29, 1.0, 1.71 e 2.0 mM), com quatro repetições e duas plantas por repetição foi utilizado. O número de folhas, altura de planta, diâmetro do caule, massa seca da parte aérea, raiz e total, índice de qualidade de Dickson, área foliar, área foliar específica, peso específico de folha, volume de raiz, taxas de crescimento absoluto e relativo para altura, número de ovos, número de galhas e fator de reprodução dos nematoides foram avaliados aos 50 dias após a inoculação do solo (DAI). A aplicação de 0.97, 2.0 e 0.88 mM de AS aumentam a taxa de crescimento relativo de altura, área foliar específica e peso específico de folhas, respectivamente. A aplicação de 0.91 e 0.93 mM de AS diminuem o número de ovos por grama de raiz e fator de reprodução, respectivamente. M. javanica não influenciou o crescimento de plantas de tomate até 50 DAI. Palavras-chave: Meloidogyne javanica; fitohormônio; Solanum lycopersicum.

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Baker, Oliver. "Plastic Plants May Become Plastics Plants". Science News 156, n. 16 (16 ottobre 1999): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4011872.

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40

Hegenauer, Volker, Max Körner e Markus Albert. "Plants under stress by parasitic plants". Current Opinion in Plant Biology 38 (agosto 2017): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2017.04.006.

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41

Marcussi, Francisco Fernando Noronha, Leandro José Grava de Godoy e Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas. "FERTIRRIGAÇÃO NITROGENADA E POTÁSSICA NA CULTURA DO PIMENTÃO BASEADA NO ACÚMULO DE N E K PELA PLANTA". IRRIGA 9, n. 1 (13 aprile 2004): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2004v9n1p41-51.

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FERTIRRIGAÇÃO NITROGENADA E POTÁSSICA NA CULTURA DO PIMENTÃO BASEADA NO ACÚMULO DE N E K PELA PLANTA Francisco Fernando Noronha Marcussi1; Leandro José Grava de Godoy2; Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas21Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos , Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, marcussi@sc.usp.br2Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 1 RESUMO O principal objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a produção de frutos de pimentão em plantas fertirrigadas com doses de N e K baseadas na quantidade acumulada destes nutrientes pela planta. Em um túnel plástico da FCA/UNESP, Botucatu, SP, plantas de pimentão Elisa foram cultivadas em vasos de 29 dm3 contendo um Latossolo Vermelho textura média. As plantas receberam cinco tratamentos delineados inteiramente ao acaso, via fertirrigação por gotejamento: 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% das quantidades de N e K estabelecidas em uma curva de acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas de pimentão Elisa, mais um tratamento sem adubação, em nove repetições. Além da produção e características dos frutos, foi avaliada a altura da planta e da primeira bifurcação, condutividade da solução do solo e o índice relativo de clorofila. As plantas que receberam uma quantidade de N e K 50% maior que a quantidade estabelecida na curva de acúmulo, foram as que alcançaram maior produção de frutos, aos 160 dias após o transplantio. A curva de acúmulo de nutrientes pode servir como uma base para a fertirrigação, no entanto, os valores devem ser ajustados de acordo com as condições climáticas, principalmente a temperatura. UNITERMOS: Capsicum annuum L.; nitrogênio; potássio; condutividade elétrica. MARCUSSI, F. F. N.; GODOY, L. J. G. de; VILLAS BOAS, R. L.NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM FERTIGATION IN SWEET PEPPER CULTURE BASED ON N AND K ACCUMULATION BY PLANTS 2 ABSTRACT The main purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the sweet pepper production in fertigated plants with N e K rates based on the accumulated amount of these nutrients by the plant. In a plastic tunnel at the School of Agricultural Sciences/UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Elisa sweet pepper was grown in 29 dm3 pots with a medium-texture Red Latosol (Oxisoil). The plants received five treatments entirely designed at random, by drip fertigation with 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% more than the N and K amounts established in a curve of nutrient accumulation for Elisa sweet pepper plants; they also received a treatment without fertilization, in nine replications. Besides fruit production and characteristics, the height of the plant and the first bifurcation, electric conductivity of the soil solution and the chlorophyll relative index were evaluated. The plants that received an amount of N and K 50% bigger than the amount established in the accumulation curve were the ones that reached a greater fruit production, 160 days after the planting. The nutrient accumulation curve can serve as basis for the fertigation; however, the values must be adjusted according to the climatic conditions, mainly temperature. KEYWORDS: Capsicum annuum L.; nitrogen; potassium; electric conductivity.

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Morais, Rutiléa Mendes de, Márcia Martins Ornelas, Lucas Da Conceição Santos e Benedito Gonçalves Eugenio. "O Conhecimento do Conteúdo de Licenciandas de Pedagogia Sobre as Plantas Medicinais e sua Toxicologia". Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 24, n. 3 (29 novembre 2023): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2023v24n3p462-467.

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Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou compreender quais os conhecimentos que as licenciandas do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB) têm sobre o conteúdo das plantas medicinais e a toxicologia das plantas medicinais. Para obtenção dos dados, contamos com questionários e entrevista semiestruturada por meio do CoRe (Representação do Conteúdo). Para o processo de análise consideramos três categorias, a saber: 1) Conhecimentos das licenciandas sobre as plantas medicinais; 2) Conhecimentos das licenciandas sobre a intoxicação por plantas medicinais; 3) Conhecimentos das licenciandas acerca da importância do ensino das plantas medicinais na escola. Os resultados apontam que as licenciandas apresentam conhecimentos acerca dos benefícios das plantas medicinais. Entretanto, no que se refere aos seus efeitos colaterais e toxicologia das mesmas as licenciandas não apresentaram conhecimentos satisfatórios. Mediante esses resultados, algumas considerações são tecidas no tocante à formação do pedagogo para o ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e o seu âmbito de formação principal, o curso de Pedagogia. Palavras-chave: Formação de Professores. Plantas na Escola. Toxicologia das Plantas. Abstract The present work aims to understand what knowledge the graduates of the Pedagogy course at UESB have about the content of medicinal plants and the toxicology of medicinal plants. To obtain the data, we used questionnaires and semi-structured interviews through CoRe. For the analysis process, we considered three categories, namely: 1) Licensee's knowledge about medicinal plants; 2) Licensee's knowledge about intoxication by medicinal plants; 3) Knowledge of the undergraduates about the importance of teaching medicinal plants at school. The results show that the licensees have knowledge about the benefits of medicinal plants. However, with regard to side effects and toxicology of medicinal plants, the licensees did not present satisfactory knowledge. Based on these results, some considerations are made regarding the formation of the pedagogue for the teaching of science in the early years of elementary school and its main training scope, the pedagogy course. Key words: Teacher Training. Medicinal Plants. Toxicology

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Kobayashi, Kent D., Andrew J. Kaufman e Allison A. Ohama. "(0) A Website of Horticulturally Important Plants on the University of Hawaii Campus". HortScience 41, n. 4 (luglio 2006): 1045D—1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1045d.

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The University of Hawaii at Manoa campus offers a rich diversity of plants for students, university personnel, and the public. Although providing botanical facts, a current university web site and an arboretum brochure about campus plants lack horticulturally related information. By highlighting the unique horticultural plants on campus, a web site would provide valuable information on the uses, care, and propagation of these plants. The purpose of this project was to develop a web site featuring horticulturally important plants on campus. The home page explains why plants are beneficial in interior spaces. Other sections of the web site include basic plant care, plant selection, plant names, and plant pictures. Basic plant care covers planting media, containers, watering, lighting, fertilizing, pruning, propagation, and pest control. Users can select plants using two criteria—lighting in the plant's desired location (low, medium, and high) and low plant maintenance. Information on a specific plant is accessed by common name, scientific name, or a plant's picture. Each plant's web page provides details on its background, care, and propagation. By emphasizing the important horticultural plants on campus, this web site helps students, university personnel, and the public select and grow plants for their dormitories, apartments, offices, and homes. In addition, users gain knowledge about the lush landscape environment on campus. Lastly, the web site enhances the learning experience of students in horticulture and botany courses, serves as a resource for K–12 students for their visits to the campus to learn about tropical plants, and aids tourists in planning a more informative visit to campus to see the plants they learned about on the web site.

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44

Bertaccini, Assunta. "Plants and Phytoplasmas: When Bacteria Modify Plants". Plants 11, n. 11 (27 maggio 2022): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111425.

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Plant pathogen presence is very dangerous for agricultural ecosystems and causes huge economic losses. Phytoplasmas are insect-transmitted wall-less bacteria living in plants, only in the phloem tissues and in the emolymph of their insect vectors. They are able to manipulate several metabolic pathways of their hosts, very often without impairing their life. The molecular diversity described (49 ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ species and about 300 ribosomal subgroups) is only in some cases related to their associated symptomatology. As for the other plant pathogens, it is necessary to verify their identity and recognize the symptoms associated with their presence to appropriately manage the diseases. However, the never-ending mechanism of patho-adaptation and the copresence of other pathogens makes this management difficult. Reducing the huge impact of phytoplasma-associated diseases in all the main crops and wild species is, however, relevant, in order to reduce their effects that are jeopardizing plant biodiversity.

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Meyer, Mary Hockenberry, Natalie Bumgarner e Andrew Pulte. "Top 10 Plants: Increasing Awareness of Plants". Crop Science 59, n. 6 (novembre 2019): 2329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2019.05.0341.

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46

Gómez, Margarita Ramírez, e Alia Rodríguez Villate. "Señales de reconocimiento entre plantas y hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares". Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 11, n. 1 (30 giugno 2010): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol11_num1_art:195.

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<p>La asociación entre Hongo formadores de micorrizas arbusculares (HFMA) y las plantas ha permitido la adaptación de éstas a ecosistemas terrestres, presentándose en más del 80% de las plantas. El hospedero suministra carbohidratos al hongo y éste transporta los nutrientes que la planta requiere. El establecimiento de la simbiosis requiere procesos armónicos a nivel espacio-temporal, que dependen de señales específicas, para reconocimiento, colonización e intercambio de nutrientes. Las plantas presentan respuestas de defensa frente a la posible invasión de microorganismos, sin embargo, en la simbiosis éstas son débiles, localizadas y no impiden la colonización del hongo. Estas señales se observan en todas las etapas de la simbiosis, siendo la primera señal enviada por la planta en exudados de la raíz, especialmente en condiciones de bajo fósforo. Posteriormente los HFMA activan la expresión de genes que favorecen cambios a nivel celular para la formación del apresorio, del aparato de pre-penetración y en células de la corteza, del arbúsculo y la membrana periarbuscular, para el intercambio de nutrientes. Un aspecto de interés está relacionado con los mecanismos de atenuación de las respuestas de defensa de la planta. Se han planteado diversas hipótesis para entender este fenómeno y aunque el control de la simbiosis está regulado principalmente por la planta, aún se desconoce si los HFMA generan señales que facilitan el debilitamiento de las respuestas de defensa del hospedero. Este documento está orientado a hacer una revisión de las señales de reconocimiento HFMA - plantas para cada fase de la simbiosis, así como de algunos mecanismos de regulación de las respuestas de defensa de la planta para el establecimiento de la simbiosis.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Recognition Signalling Between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Plants</strong></p><p> </p>The arbuscular mycorrhizal association has been instrumental for plant adaptation to terrestrial ecosystems over the last 400 million years. It is known that more than 80% of plant families form this symbiosis .Thus, nutrient exchange and protection from pathogens are thought to be key elements in the symbiosis. For the establishment of the association, harmonic processes for recognition, colonization and nutrients exchange are required both at temporal and space level. Plants react against microorganisms attack by producing defense responses, however, in the case of AM association, plant responses are weak, localized and do not stop colonization by the fungus. Signals are observed along the whole symbiosis process, being the first one produced by the plant through root exudates as a response for P stress. Then, AMF activate genes involved in plant cellular changes required for arbuscle formation, pre-penetration apparatus and at cortex level, the formation of periarbuscular membrane for the bi-directional nutrient exchange. Interestingly, several hypotheses have been formulated to explain the plant defense attenuation. For example, the activation of defense suppressors, the existence of plants with no defence responses to AMF and the existence of plants that suppress their defense response, among others. It is unknown whether the fungi induce low response levels from the host defense system. This document focuses on the signaling recognition between AMF and plants in each symbiosis phase and on the regulation mechanisms of the plant defense responses for the symbiosis establishment.

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Shavkat o‘g‘li, Fayzullayev Jahongir. "BLOOD PRESSURE MEDICINAL PLANTS". International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health Research 03, n. 04 (1 aprile 2022): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijmsphr/volume03issue04-02.

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In this article all about medicinal herbs are widely used in folk medicine due to their blood pressure effectiveness. It is also widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to obtain extracts from them.

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Ali, Muthanna Abdulbasit, Khaleel Ibrahim Khaleel Al-Kikani e Ahmed Majeed Abdulla Al-Mashhadany. "EFFECT OF SOME AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHICKPEA (Cicer aritenium L.)". Nativa 12, n. 2 (27 maggio 2024): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nat.v12i2.17307.

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ABSTRACT: The study was carried out in the years 2022/2023 and included a field experiment in two locations (Rashidia and Alqosh districts in Iraq); each study contained 12 treatments resulting from combinations between two planting and harvest dates and three seeding rates for chickpea seeds: plantings in autumn and spring, with harvests on 5/15 and 6/1/2023; the sowing rates were based on different densities and the distance between the sowing lines (20-15-10 cm) was changed to obtain (150, 100 and 75) plants m-2. A randomized block design was used in a factorial arrangement with three replications. The results of the individual factors for the autumn planting dates and harvest date on 05/15 indicated significant superiority of these two dates in all the characteristics studied; From the results of the sowing rates, the average superiority of 75 plants m-2 in the characteristics of the number of pods plant-1 and the seed index is noted. In contrast, seeding rates exceeded 75 and 100 plants m-2 in the seed pod-1 number trait, while seeding rates exceeded 150 plants m-2 in plant height, lowest pod height, seed yield and biological characteristics, for both experimental locations. Keywords: plant-climate interactions; harvest dates; planting date; seeding rates. Efeito de algumas operações agrícolas no crescimento e rendimento do grão-de-bico (Cicer aritenium L.) RESUMO: O estudo foi realizado nos anos 2022/2023 e incluiu um experimento de campo em duas localidades (distritos de Rashidia e Alqosh no Iraque); cada estudo continha 12 tratamentos resultantes de combinações entre duas datas de plantio e colheita e três taxas de semeadura para sementes de grão de bico,: plantios no outono e primavera, com colheitas em 15/5 e 1/6/2023; as taxas de semeadura foram baseadas em diferentes densidades e a distância entre as linhas de semeadura (20-15-10 cm) foi alterada para obtenção de (150, 100 e 75) plantas plantas m-2. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial, com três repetições. Os resultados dos fatores individuais para as datas de plantio de outono e data de colheita em 15/05, indicaram superioridade significativa dessas duas datas em todas as características estudadas; a partir dos resultados das taxas de semeadura, nota-se a superioridade média de 75 plantas m-2 nas características do número de vagens planta-1 e o índice de sementes. Em contrapartida, as taxas de semeadura ultrapassaram 75 e 100 plantas m-2 na característica do número de sementes vagem-1, enquanto a taxa de semeadura ultrapassou 150 plantas m-2 na altura da planta, altura da vagem mais baixa, rendimento de sementes e características biológicas, para ambos os locais experimentais. Palavras-chave: interações planta-clima; datas de colheita; datas de plantio; taxas de semeadura.

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Chevalier, Leandro Xavier Teixeira, Diego Silva Gomes, Antonio José Mayhé-Nunes e Jarbas Marçal Queiroz. "Potencial de Formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) como Agentes Anti-herbívoros em Cultivo de Café (Coffea canephora Pierre) e Feijão Guandu [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp]". EntomoBrasilis 6, n. 2 (19 luglio 2013): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v6i2.291.

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Este trabalho analisou a variação no potencial das formigas como agentes anti-herbívoros em plantas de café (Coffea canephora Pierre) e guandu [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp]. Foram usados ovos artificiais, simulando a presença de insetos herbívoros, e solução de açúcar, para aumentar a atividade de formigas, em experimentos de campo. As plantas de café e de guandu possuíam diferentes níveis de atividade de formigas, pois as últimas eram atacadas por membracídeos que atraíam mais formigas. A atividade das formigas foi monitorada após aplicação de solução de açúcar e a remoção de ovos artificiais foi medida após 24 e 48 horas. A solução de açúcar aumentou significativamente a atividade de formigas em plantas de café e de guandu. A remoção dos ovos artificiais foi significativamente maior em ramos com formigas do que sem formigas para as plantas de guandu. A adição de solução de açúcar aumentou a remoção de ovos artificiais em plantas de guandu, mas não em plantas de café. O tratamento com solução de açúcar e a presença de membracídeos em guandu tiveram efeitos similares sobre a atividade de formigas. Este estudo mostrou que a aplicação de solução de açúcar pode ser utilizada para simular a presença de membracídeos sobre as plantas, aumentando a atividade de formigas. Isso permitiu a avaliação de seu potencial como agentes anti-herbívoros, através de experimentos que simulam a presença de insetos sobre as plantas. Potential of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as Anti-herbivore Agents in Cultivation of the Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) and Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp] Abstract. This study analyzed the role of ants as anti-herbivore agents in Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) and Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp] plants in agroecosystem under organic management. In these plants we used artificial eggs and sugar solution in experiments that simulated the presence of herbivore insects. Coffee plants did not possess any natural attractive that could intensify foraging activity of ants, but pigeon pea plants were infested by treehoppers which attracted ants. Activity of ants was surveyed after sugar solution application and artificial eggs removal was measured 24 and 48 h after start of the experiments. Sugar solution sprinkled on plants foliage increased significantly the activity of ants on coffee and pigeon pea plants. The removal of artificial eggs was significantly greater in branch with ants than without ants for pigeon pea plants. The sugar solution addiction resulted in greater artificial eggs removal in pigeon pea plants, but not in coffee plants. The treatment with sugar solution and presence of treehoppers had similar effects on the activity of ants on the plants. This study showed that the application of sugar solution can be used to increase activity of ants on plants as well as the potential of ants as anti-herbivore agents can be evaluated in experiments that simulate the presence of insects on the plants.

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Ouedraogo, Salfo, Jules Yoda, Tata Kadiatou Traore, Mathieu Nitiema, Bavouma C. Sombie, Hermine Zime Diawara, Josias B. G. Yameogo et al. "Production de matières premières et fabrication des médicaments à base de plantes médicinales". International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, n. 2 (23 giugno 2021): 750–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i2.28.

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Abstract (sommario):

Les plantes constituent un réservoir pour les pharmacopées du monde. Plusieurs médicaments importants sont fabriqués à partir des substances actives d’origine végétales. En outre de nombreux médicaments modernes ont été fabriqués à partir de ces matières premières. Les plantes médicinales sont utilisées directement sous forme fraîche, sèche ou transformée, stabilisée, ou extrait ou formulée avec d’autres plantes ou excipients de synthèse. Dans tous les cas, la matière végétale utilisée pour fabriquer la forme posologique doit faire preuve de son efficacité, son innocuité et être de qualité conforme aux exigences de la Pharmacopée Européenne pour les phytomédicaments, garantissant ainsi sa sécurité d’emploi. Pour ce faire, l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) a mis à la disposition des états membres des guides et standards permettant d’harmoniser et de sécuriser leur utilisation. Ainsi de nombreux pays africains ont adopté ces outils après des modifications appropriées pour faire progresser la recherche et le développement (R&D) de médicaments à base de plante. Le but de ce travail était de faire une synthèse des différentes étapes de production, de contrôle qualité et de standardisation des matières premières issues des plantes médicinales et des médicaments à base de plantes médicinales.Mots clés : Pharmacopée, médicaments, médecine traditionnelle, sécurité d’emploi, phytomédicaments. English title: Production of raw materials and manufacturing of drugs from medicinal plants Plants are a reservoir for the world's pharmacopoeias. Several important medicines are made from active substances of plant origin. In addition, many modern medicines have been made from these raw materials. Medicinal plants are used directly in fresh, dry or processed, stabilized, or extracted form or formulated with other plants or synthetic excipients. In all cases, the herbal material used to manufacture the dosage form must demonstrate its efficacy, safety and be of a quality that meets the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia for phytomedicines, thus ensuring its safe use. To this end, the World Health Organization (WHO) has made available to Member States guides and standards to harmonize and secure their use. Thus, many African countries have adopted these tools after appropriate modifications to advance research and development (R&D) of plant-based drugs. The aim of this work was to make a synthesis of the different stages of production, quality control and standardization of raw materials from medicinal plants and herbal medicines.Keywords: Pharmacopoeia, drugs, traditional medicine, safe use, phytomedicines.

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