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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Plant species richness"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 30 gennaio 2023

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1

Brunbjerg, Ane Kirstine, Hans Henrik Bruun, Lars Dalby, Camilla Fløjgaard, Tobias G. Frøslev, Toke T. Høye, Irina Goldberg et al. "Vascular plant species richness and bioindication predict multi‐taxon species richness". Methods in Ecology and Evolution 9, n. 12 (5 ottobre 2018): 2372–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.13087.

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Wilson, J. Bastow, Robert K. Peet, Jürgen Dengler e Meelis Pärtel. "Plant species richness: the world records". Journal of Vegetation Science 23, n. 4 (16 marzo 2012): 796–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01400.x.

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3

USHER, M. B., A. C. BROWN e S. E. BEDFORD. "Plant Species Richness in Farm Woodlands". Forestry 65, n. 1 (1992): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/65.1.1-a.

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4

Bascompte, Jordi, e Miguel A. Rodriguez. "Habitat patchiness and plant species richness". Ecology Letters 4, n. 5 (settembre 2001): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00242.x.

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5

Webb, Thompson. "Spatial scale and plant species richness". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 3, n. 2 (febbraio 1988): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(88)90049-3.

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6

Qian, Hong, W. Daniel Kissling, Xianli Wang e Peter Andrews. "Effects of woody plant species richness on mammal species richness in southern Africa". Journal of Biogeography 36, n. 9 (settembre 2009): 1685–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02128.x.

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7

Nilsson, Christer, Gunnel Grelsson, Mats Johansson e Ulf Sperens. "Patterns of Plant Species Richness Along Riverbanks". Ecology 70, n. 1 (febbraio 1989): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938414.

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Steinmann, K., H. P. Linder e N. E. Zimmermann. "Modelling plant species richness using functional groups". Ecological Modelling 220, n. 7 (aprile 2009): 962–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.01.006.

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9

Li, Xiang, Wenhao Hu e Zhenrong Yu. "Importance of Soil Organic Matter and the Species Pool for Local Species Richness in Montane Ecosystems". Sustainability 13, n. 19 (24 settembre 2021): 10634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910634.

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Understanding the response of plant species richness to environmental filters is critical for conservation management as there is an increasing emphasis on plant restoration in urban/rural planning. However, empirical studies on the effects that the regional species pool has on plant species richness often overlook small spatial scales, therefore requiring more comprehensive approaches. As mountains can act as barriers to plant dispersal, the impact on the species pool, particularly, should be a priority. This study aimed to investigate how the regional species pool affects the local plant species richness in a multivariate context. We sampled vascular plant communities along three transects located in three valleys across the Chongli District, China, where four common habitat types were selected for sampling: grassland, shrubbery, pure forest, and mixed forest. We compared the differences in the multi-scale species richness and species composition between habitats and regions and used piecewise structural equation modeling to analyze the relative importance of the regional species pool, habitat species pool, soil resource availability, and exposure for local plant richness. The β-diversity had the highest contribution to the total species richness between valleys and habitats. The species composition between regions and habitats showed a significant difference and the local species richness was most strongly affected by the soil characteristics, but effects from the regional species pool still played an important role. Conservation efforts and urban/rural planning should use a multi-level and multi-scale approach based on a detailed structural investigation.

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Stilley, James A., e Christopher A. Gabler. "Effects of Patch Size, Fragmentation, and Invasive Species on Plant and Lepidoptera Communities in Southern Texas". Insects 12, n. 9 (29 agosto 2021): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090777.

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Habitat loss, fragmentation, and invasive species are major threats to biodiversity. In the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of southern Texas, a conservation hotspot, few studies have examined how land use change and biotic disturbance influence biodiversity, particularly among Lepidoptera. We surveyed 24 habitat fragments on private lands in the LRGV and examined how patch size, edge to interior ratio (EIR), prevalence of invasive, exotic, and pest (IEP) plant species, and other environmental factors influenced plant and Lepidoptera communities within four habitat classes. Biotic disturbance was widespread and intense. IEP plants represented three of the four most common species in all but one habitat class; yet, classes largely had distinctive plant and Lepidoptera communities. Larger habitat patches had lower IEP prevalence but also lower plant richness and lower Lepidoptera richness and abundance. Conversely, patches with higher EIRs had greater IEP prevalence, plant richness, and Lepidoptera richness and abundance. IEP prevalence was negatively related to plant diversity and positively related to woody dominance, blooming plant abundance, and, surprisingly, both plant cover and richness. However, plant richness, abundance, and diversity were higher where a greater proportion of the plants were native. Lepidoptera diversity increased with plant cover, and Lepidoptera richness and abundance increased with plant richness. More individual Lepidoptera species were influenced by habitat attributes than by availability of resources such as host plants or nectar sources. Our results illustrate extensive landscape alteration and biotic disturbance and suggest that most regional habitats are at early successional stages and populated by a novel species pool heavy in IEP species; these factors must be considered together to develop effective and realistic management plans for the LRGV.

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de Araújo, Walter Santos. "Plant species richness mediates the effects of vegetation structure, but not soil fertility, on insect gall richness in a savanna in Brazil". Journal of Tropical Ecology 33, n. 3 (24 aprile 2017): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467417000086.

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Abstract:The present study aims to investigate the effects of vegetation structure (plant abundance and height) and soil characteristics (soil organic matter and macronutrients) on insect gall richness, and determine the extent to which these effects are mediated by the indirect effects of plant species richness. The study was performed in forty-nine 100-m2 savanna plots in Parque Nacional das Emas (Brazil) and sampled a total of 985 individual plants of 71 plant species and 97 insect gall morphotypes. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) induced the most insect galls (38.1%), and the plant family Myrtaceae had the greatest richness of insect gall morphotypes (16). Path analysis of plant abundance, plant height, soil macronutrients, soil organic matter and plant species richness explained 73% of insect gall richness. The results show that soil macronutrient quantity has a direct positive effect on insect gall richness, whereas plant abundance and plant height had only indirect positive effects on insect gall richness via the increase in plant species richness. These findings showed that both plant-related and environment-related factors are important to induce insect gall richness in Neotropical savannas, and that plant species richness should be taken into account to determine the richness of insect galls.

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Minden, Vanessa, Christoph Scherber, Miguel A. Cebrián Piqueras, Juliane Trinogga, Anastasia Trenkamp, Jasmin Mantilla-Contreras, Patrick Lienin e Michael Kleyer. "Consistent drivers of plant biodiversity across managed ecosystems". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, n. 1694 (19 maggio 2016): 20150284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0284.

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Ecosystems managed for production of biomass are often characterized by low biodiversity because management aims to optimize single ecosystem functions (i.e. yield) involving deliberate selection of species or cultivars. In consequence, considerable differences in observed plant species richness and productivity remain across systems, and the drivers of these differences have remained poorly resolved so far. In addition, it has remained unclear if species richness feeds back on ecosystem functions such as yield in real-world systems. Here, we establish N = 360 experimental plots across a broad range of managed ecosystems in several European countries, and use structural equation models to unravel potential drivers of plant species richness. We hypothesize that the relationships between productivity, total biomass and observed species richness are affected by management intensity, and that these effects differ between habitat types (dry grasslands, grasslands, and wetlands). We found that local management was an important driver of species richness across systems. Management caused system disturbance, resulting in reduced productivity yet enhanced total biomass. Plant species richness was directly and positively driven by management, with consistently negative effects of total biomass. Productivity effects on richness were positive, negative or neutral. Our study shows that management and total biomass drive plant species richness across real-world managed systems.

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Anacker, B. L., T. R. Seastedt, T. M. Halward e A. L. Lezberg. "Soil carbon and plant richness relationships differ among grassland types, disturbance history and plant functional groups". Oecologia 196, n. 4 (25 luglio 2021): 1153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-04992-x.

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AbstractUnderstanding the relationship of soil carbon storage and species diversity in grasslands can provide insights into managing these ecosystems. We studied relationships among soil C and plant species richness within ~ 9700 ha of grasslands in Colorado, US. Using 141 grassland transects, we tested how soil C was related to plant species richness, grassland type, soil texture, and prairie dog presence. Soil C was significantly, positively related to plant species richness, while native perennial graminoid species richness exhibited an even stronger positive relationship. However, the relationship of soil C and plant richness was not found in all three grassland types studied, but instead was unique to the most common grassland type, mixed grass prairie, and absent from both xeric tallgrass and mesic tallgrass prairie. The presence of a single indicator species, Andropogon gerardii, showed a significant, positive relationship with soil carbon. Our best possible model explained 45% of the variance in soil C using species richness, grassland type, and their interaction. Surprisingly, soil C was negatively related to soil clay, suggesting that surface clays amplify evaporation and water runoff rather than protecting soil organic matter from decomposition. Soil C was negatively related to prairie dog presence, suggesting that prairie dogs do not enhance soil carbon sequestration; in fact, prairie dog occupied sites had significantly lower soil C, likely related to loss of topsoil from prairie dog colonies. Our results suggest that management for species richness provides the co-benefit of soil C storage, and high clay and prairie dog disturbance compromises both.

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Wang, Zhiheng, Jingyun Fang, Zhiyao Tang e Xin Lin. "Patterns, determinants and models of woody plant diversity in China". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, n. 1715 (8 dicembre 2010): 2122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1897.

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What determines large-scale patterns of species richness remains one of the most controversial issues in ecology. Using the distribution maps of 11 405 woody species in China, we compared the effects of habitat heterogeneity, human activities and different aspects of climate, particularly environmental energy, water–energy dynamics and winter frost, and explored how biogeographic affinities (tropical versus temperate) influence richness–climate relationships. We found that the species richness of trees, shrubs, lianas and all woody plants strongly correlated with each other, and more strongly correlated with the species richness of tropical affinity than with that of temperate affinity. The mean temperature of the coldest quarter was the strongest predictor of species richness, and its explanatory power for species richness was significantly higher for tropical affinity than for temperate affinity. These results suggest that the patterns of woody species richness mainly result from the increasing intensity of frost filtering for tropical species from the equator/lowlands towards the poles/highlands, and hence support the freezing-tolerance hypothesis. A model based on these results was developed, which explained 76–85% of species richness variation in China, and reasonably predicted the species richness of woody plants in North America and the Northern Hemisphere.

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Branson, David H. "Relationships between Plant Diversity and Grasshopper Diversity and Abundance in the Little Missouri National Grassland". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/748635.

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A continuing challenge in orthopteran ecology is to understand what determines grasshopper species diversity at a given site. In this study, the objective was to determine if variation in grasshopper abundance and diversity between 23 sites in western North Dakota (USA) could be explained by variation in plant species richness and diversity. In this system with relatively low plant diversity, grasshopper species richness and abundance were not significantly associated with plant species richness in either year. Although a number of significant associations between plant diversity and grasshopper diversity were found through regression analyses, results differed greatly between years indicating that plant species richness and diversity did not lead to strong effects on grasshopper diversity metrics. Plant species richness appears to be too coarse grained to lead to accurate predictions of grasshopper species richness in this system dominated by generalist grasshopper species.

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Vega-Álvarez, Julia, José Antonio García-Rodríguez e Luis Cayuela. "Facilitation beyond species richness". Journal of Ecology 107, n. 2 (15 ottobre 2018): 722–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13072.

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Cowling, R. M., e M. J. Samways. "Predicting Global Patterns of Endemic Plant Species Richness". Biodiversity Letters 2, n. 5 (settembre 1994): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2999776.

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Damschen, E. I. "Corridors Increase Plant Species Richness at Large Scales". Science 313, n. 5791 (1 settembre 2006): 1284–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1130098.

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Skov, Flemming, e Jens-Christian Svenning. "Predicting plant species richness in a managed forest". Forest Ecology and Management 180, n. 1-3 (luglio 2003): 583–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(02)00646-1.

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Wright, Mark G., e Michael J. Samways. "Gall-Insect Species Richness in African Fynbos and Karoo Vegetation: The Importance of Plant Species Richness". Biodiversity Letters 3, n. 4/5 (luglio 1996): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2999733.

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Stohlgren, Thomas J., e Marcel Rejmánek. "No universal scale-dependent impacts of invasive species on native plant species richness". Biology Letters 10, n. 1 (gennaio 2014): 20130939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0939.

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A growing number of studies seeking generalizations about the impact of plant invasions compare heavily invaded sites to uninvaded sites. But does this approach warrant any generalizations? Using two large datasets from forests, grasslands and desert ecosystems across the conterminous United States, we show that (i) a continuum of invasion impacts exists in many biomes and (ii) many possible species–area relationships may emerge reflecting a wide range of patterns of co-occurrence of native and alien plant species. Our results contradict a smaller recent study by Powell et al. 2013 ( Science 339 , 316–318. ( doi:10.1126/science.1226817 )), who compared heavily invaded and uninvaded sites in three biomes and concluded that plant communities invaded by non-native plant species generally have lower local richness (intercepts of log species richness–log area regression lines) but steeper species accumulation with increasing area (slopes of the regression lines) than do uninvaded communities. We conclude that the impacts of plant invasions on plant species richness are not universal.

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Bhattarai, Khem Raj. "Variation of plant species richness at different spatial scales". Botanica Orientalis: Journal of Plant Science 11 (7 settembre 2018): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/botor.v11i0.21033.

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It is now realized that the variation in species richness is influenced by spatial and temporal scales. Pattern and scale are a central focus in ecology and biogeography. The species richness relationship depends on the scale of study and their correlated factors. The broad objective of this review is to elucidate how different scales are correlated with different explanatory variables to generate patterns of species richness. Addressing the problem of scale has both fundamental and applied importance in understanding variation in species richness along gradients. The understanding of pattern, its causes, and consequences is central to our understanding of processes such as succession, community development, and the spread and persistence of species. According to the hierarchical theory of species diversity there are mainly three categories of scales: local, landscape and regional. The local species richness or α-diversity is the diversity of individual stands. The β-diversity or species change is turnover between two elevational bands or between two plots or two sites. The regional or γ-diversity is the total richness of whole mountains or study systems and it has a combined influence from α- and β-diversity. The local species richness is affected by both local-scale processes (e.g., internal interactions) and broad-scale processes (e.g., evolutionary). Different explanatory variables according to the scales of study are necessary to explain variation at different spatial scales. Local factors (e.g., disturbance, grazing and tree cover) have been used to detect variation at a local scale. Generally, topographical factors are used to detect variation in species richness at a landscape scale; whereas climate, water-energy dynamics and historical processes are used to detect variation at a regional scale. However, it is not easy to separate strictly one scale from other because there is no clear boundary between them. The study of the whole elevation gradient from tropical to alpine zone or long latitude is a broad-scale study. The intermediate scale is a study on a local mountain, which covers the subtropical to warm temperate zones. To explain patterns of species richness, a pluralistic body of hypotheses, which incorporates historical, biological and climatic factors, is needed. This is depicted by the strong relationship between climate, biological interactions, and historical processes in influencing variation in species richness at different spatial scales.Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2017) 11: 49–62

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Choe, Hyeyeong, Junhwa Chi e James H. Thorne. "Mapping Potential Plant Species Richness over Large Areas with Deep Learning, MODIS, and Species Distribution Models". Remote Sensing 13, n. 13 (25 giugno 2021): 2490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13132490.

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The spatial patterns of species richness can be used as indicators for conservation and restoration, but data problems, including the lack of species surveys and geographical data gaps, are obstacles to mapping species richness across large areas. Lack of species data can be overcome with remote sensing because it covers extended geographic areas and generates recurring data. We developed a Deep Learning (DL) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products and modeled potential species richness by stacking species distribution models (S-SDMs) to ask, “What are the spatial patterns of potential plant species richness across the Korean Peninsula, including inaccessible North Korea, where survey data are limited?” First, we estimated plant species richness in South Korea by combining the probability-based SDM results of 1574 species and used independent plant surveys to validate our potential species richness maps. Next, DL-based species richness models were fitted to the species richness results in South Korea, and a time-series of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and leaf area index (LAI) from MODIS. The individually developed models from South Korea were statistically tested using datasets that were not used in model training and obtained high accuracy outcomes (0.98, Pearson correlation). Finally, the proposed models were combined to estimate the richness patterns across the Korean Peninsula at a higher spatial resolution than the species survey data. From the statistical feature importance tests overall, growing season NDVI-related features were more important than LAI features for quantifying biodiversity from remote sensing time-series data.

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Araujo, Walter Santos de, e Rodrigo Damasco Daud. "Investigating effects of host-plant diversity on Brazilian mite richness in natural ecosystems". Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, n. 8 (6 agosto 2018): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.8.10.

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Plant-inhabiting mites are among the most diverse arachnid groups in terrestrial ecosystems. Because plant mites depend on their host plants, plant-related characteristics can be expected to be good predictors of mite diversity in natural vegetation, as observed for other groups of plant-inhabiting arthropods. Here, we use plant-related characteristics to predict plant mite diversity in Brazilian natural vegetation. We compiled a total of 206 mite species recorded on 343 host plant species, the majority from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. Among the plant taxa that hosted the highest mite richness are the families Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae and Fabaceae, and the genera Trichilia (Meliaceae), Actinostemon and Alchornea (Euphorbiaceae). Mite species richness in different Brazilian inventories was positively influenced by sampled plant species richness and taxonomic range of sampled plants. In addition, we also found a positive correlation between plant family size (the number of plant species in a family) and total mite richness and predatory mite richness. Based on our analyses, we estimated a potential 20685 plant mite species for Brazil, which is almost 100 times higher than the number currently compiled in this study. Our findings suggest the richness of host plant species an important predictor of Brazilian mite diversity and revels that the current record of mite species richness for Brazil is only a small fraction of the potential diversity harbored by rich Brazilian flora.

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Hiiesalu, Inga, Meelis Pärtel, John Davison, Pille Gerhold, Madis Metsis, Mari Moora, Maarja Öpik, Martti Vasar, Martin Zobel e Scott D. Wilson. "Species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: associations with grassland plant richness and biomass". New Phytologist 203, n. 1 (19 marzo 2014): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12765.

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Goring, Simon, Terri Lacourse, Marlow G. Pellatt e Rolf W. Mathewes. "Pollen assemblage richness does not reflect regional plant species richness: a cautionary tale". Journal of Ecology 101, n. 5 (1 agosto 2013): 1137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12135.

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Lu, Muyang, e Fangliang He. "Estimating regional species richness: The case of China's vascular plant species". Global Ecology and Biogeography 26, n. 7 (27 aprile 2017): 835–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12589.

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Lanta, Vojtěch, e Jan Lepš. "Effect of plant species richness on invasibility of experimental plant communities". Plant Ecology 198, n. 2 (7 febbraio 2008): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-008-9401-6.

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Gould, William A., e Marilyn D. Walker. "Landscape-scale patterns in plant species richness along an arctic river". Canadian Journal of Botany 75, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1997): 1748–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-889.

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We examined relationships of vascular plant species richness with mean July temperature and components of landscape heterogeneity to determine the relative influence of temperature and the physical landscape on plant richness along the north-flowing Hood River in the Northwest Territories of Canada. We also examined variations in the composition of the flora to better understand the relationship between riparian gradients, environmental controls, environmental heterogeneity, and species richness. The vascular flora for the area studied includes 210 species. Richness at 17 sites along the river ranged from 69 to 109 species within 2400-m2 sample areas. Sites with the lowest richness were those in the upper reaches of the river, with richness generally increasing downstream. Variation in richness along the river is correlated with increasing environmental heterogeneity (r2 = 0.598, P = 0.0003), calculated as an index summarizing the range of site-level variation in a set of components including substrate type and texture, topographic variation (slope and aspect), relative surface area, substrate moisture, and soil pH. The most significant component of the index is an increase in the range of soil pH. Soil pH tends to increase downstream, and average site soil pH is the single best predictor of species richness (r2 = 0.857, P < 0.0001). The primary cause of higher soil pH is the presence of uplifted marine sediments, and tills derived from nonacidic Precambrian rock common along the lower river. Key words: species richness, arctic, riparian, pH, mean July temperature, environmental heterogeneity.

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Kissling, W. Daniel, Carsten Rahbek e Katrin Böhning-Gaese. "Food plant diversity as broad-scale determinant of avian frugivore richness". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, n. 1611 (11 gennaio 2007): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0311.

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The causes of variation in animal species richness at large spatial scales are intensively debated. Here, we examine whether the diversity of food plants, contemporary climate and energy, or habitat heterogeneity determine species richness patterns of avian frugivores across sub-Saharan Africa. Path models indicate that species richness of Ficus (their fruits being one of the major food resources for frugivores in the tropics) has the strongest direct effect on richness of avian frugivores, whereas the influences of variables related to water–energy and habitat heterogeneity are mainly indirect. The importance of Ficus richness for richness of avian frugivores diminishes with decreasing specialization of birds on fruit eating, but is retained when accounting for spatial autocorrelation. We suggest that a positive relationship between food plant and frugivore species richness could result from niche assembly mechanisms (e.g. coevolutionary adaptations to fruit size, fruit colour or vertical stratification of fruit presentation) or, alternatively, from stochastic speciation–extinction processes. In any case, the close relationship between species richness of Ficus and avian frugivores suggests that figs are keystone resources for animal consumers, even at continental scales.

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Tang, Lili, Tanbao Li, Dengwu Li e Xiaxia Meng. "Elevational Patterns of Plant Richness in the Taibai Mountain, China". Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/309053.

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The elevational distribution of plant diversity is a popular issue in ecology and biogeography, and several studies have examined the determinants behind plant diversity patterns. In this study, using published data of the local flora of Taibai Mountain, we explored the effects of spatial and climatic factors on plant species richness. We also evaluated Rapoport’s elevational rule by examining the relationship between elevational range size and midpoint. Species richness patterns were regressed against area, middle domain effect (MDE), mean annual temperature (MAT), and mean annual precipitation (MAP). The results showed that richness of overall plants, seed plants, bryophytes, and ferns all showed hump-shaped patterns along the elevational gradient, although the absolute elevation of richness peaks differed in different plant groups. Species richness of each plant group was all associated strongly with MAT and MAP. In addition to climatic factors, overall plants and seed plants were more related to area in linear regression models, while MDE was a powerful explanatory variable for bryophytes. Rapoport’s elevational rule on species richness was not supported. Our study suggests that a combined interaction of spatial and climatic factors influences the elevational patterns of plant species richness on Taibai Mountain, China.

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Hanif, Guo, Moniruzzaman, He, Yu, Rao, Liu, Tan e Shen. "Plant Taxonomic Diversity Better Explains Soil Fungal and Bacterial Diversity than Functional Diversity in Restored Forest Ecosystems". Plants 8, n. 11 (6 novembre 2019): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8110479.

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Plant attributes have direct and indirect effects on soil microbes via plant inputs and plant-mediated soil changes. However, whether plant taxonomic and functional diversities can explain the soil microbial diversity of restored forest ecosystems remains elusive. Here, we tested the linkage between plant attributes and soil microbial communities in four restored forests (Acacia species, Eucalyptus species, mixed coniferous species, mixed native species). The trait-based approaches were applied for plant properties and high-throughput Illumina sequencing was applied for fungal and bacterial diversity. The total number of soil microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) varied among the four forests. The highest richness of fungal OTUs was found in the Acacia forest. However, bacterial OTUs were highest in the Eucalyptus forest. Species richness was positively and significantly related to fungal and bacterial richness. Plant taxonomic diversity (species richness and species diversity) explained more of the soil microbial diversity than the functional diversity and soil properties. Prediction of fungal richness was better than that of bacterial richness. In addition, root traits explained more variation than the leaf traits. Overall, plant taxonomic diversity played a more important role than plant functional diversity and soil properties in shaping the soil microbial diversity of the four forests.

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Márquez, Ana L., Raimundo Real e J. Mario Vargas. "Dependence of broad-scale geographical variation in fleshy-fruited plant species richness on disperser bird species richness". Global Ecology and Biogeography 13, n. 4 (21 giugno 2004): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822x.2004.00100.x.

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34

Liang, Chenxia, Gang Feng, Xingfeng Si, Lingfeng Mao, Guisheng Yang, Jens‐Christian Svenning e Jie Yang. "Bird species richness is associated with phylogenetic relatedness, plant species richness, and altitudinal range in Inner Mongolia". Ecology and Evolution 8, n. 1 (23 novembre 2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3606.

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35

Lin, Y. P., P. J. Gullan e L. G. Cook. "Species richness and host-plant diversity are positively correlated in Coccidae". ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 19, n. 2 (1 giugno 2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.11576.

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Abstract (sommario):

The interactions between insect herbivores and their hosts are among the most fundamental biological associations. Although there are many data available on the host associations of scale insects, there have been few attempts to synthesize the available information. Here we examine host associations of Coccidae, the third most species-rich family of scale insects. We compare host-plant data for most species of coccids that were available from online databases, especially ScaleNet, and the literature, with species richness estimates for host-plant families. Similar to most insect groups, coccids showed high host specialization with about 64% of species recorded from only a single plant family. Analysis of the relationship between species richness of host-plant families and the number of species of coccids recorded on these plants showed a significant positive correlation between host-plant species richness per angiosperm plant family and coccid species richness (P < 0.0001). This is expected under a null model in which host use is randomly distributed across families according to plant species richness of the families. However, the presence of several exceptions (Orchidaceae and Asteraceae in particular) warns that host associations in coccids might be more complex than the correlation analysis suggests.

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36

Nepali, Babu Ram, John Skartveit e Chitra Bahadur Baniya. "Interpolated Altitudinal Species Richness in Arghakhachi District of Nepal". Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 25, n. 1 (14 giugno 2020): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v25i1.29447.

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The magnitude of climatic variables over space and time determines the altitudinal variation of species richness. The present study has been carried out to determine the vascular plant species richness patterns along with altitude in the Arghakhanchi district (27° 45' to 28º 06' N and 80° 45' to 83° 23' E), West Nepal. The published literature related to the altitudinal distribution of vascular plant species in Arghakhanchi district was collected and enlisted a total of 597 species. The altitudinal range of the Arghakhanchi district was 200-2300 meters above sea level (masl) which was divided equally into 21 bands of 100 m each. The total number of vascular species that occurred at each 100 m contour elevation was considered as the species richness. The objective of this study was to find the vascular plant species richness pattern in Arghakhanchi district concerning altitude and climatic variables. The generalized linear model (GLM) was applied to the total species richness against altitude, annual mean temperature (AMT), and mean annual rainfall (MAR). Total vascular species richness showed a statistically significant unimodal pattern with a maximum richness of 471 species at 1300 masl (r2= 0.91; p < 0.001). Likewise, gymnosperm, dicot, monocot, and pteridophyte species richness showed a highly significant unimodal altitudinal richness pattern. Altitudes of modeled maximum species richness were found varied according to the taxa.

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37

Godínez-Álvarez, Héctor, e Pablo Ortega-Baes. "Diversidad de cactáceas mexicanas: correlaciones ambientales y prioridades de conservación". Botanical Sciences, n. 81 (4 giugno 2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1767.

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Abstract (sommario):

This paper analyzes Mexican cactus diversity to determine those states with high species richness, endemism, and endangerment, which may be important for the conservation of these plants. Relationships between environmental factors and species richness and endemism were also examined. Species richness and number of endemic and endangered species were recorded for each state, along with its total area, temperature, and precipitation. Data were analyzed with simple and multiple linear regressions, and complementarity analysis. Results showed that San Luis Potosí, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Zacatecas, Tamaulipas, and Sonora had more than 100 species. There were significant relationships between species richness and endemism, and species richness and number of endangered species. Nine states had higher species richness than expected according to their total area. The aridity of each state was the environmental factor most significantly correlated with species richness and endemism. Eight states are needed to preserve 80% of the total cactus diversity.

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Wang, Xiaoyan, Xue Wang, Wei Wang, Jiang Wang e Feihai Yu. "Effects of Invasive Plant Diversity on Soil Microbial Communities". Diversity 14, n. 11 (17 novembre 2022): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14110992.

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Native plant communities can be invaded by different numbers of alien plant species or by the same number of alien plant species with different levels of evenness. However, little is known about how alien invasive plant species richness and evenness affect soil microbial communities. We constructed native herbaceous plant communities invaded by exotic plants with different richness (1, 2, 4 and 8 species) and evenness (high and low) and analyzed soil physico-chemical properties and the diversity and composition of soil fungal and bacterial communities by high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Overall, the species richness and evenness of invasive plants had no significant effect on bacterial and fungal alpha diversity (OTUs, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1 and ACE) or the soil physico-chemical properties. However, invasive species richness had a significant impact on the relative abundance of the most dominant fungi, Ascomycota and Bipolaris, and the dominant bacteria, Actinobacteriota, which increased with increasing invasive species richness. The relative abundance of the dominant microbial groups was significantly correlated with the relative abundance of some specific invasive plants in the community. This study sheds new light on the effects of plant co-invasion on soil microbial communities, which may help us understand the underlying mechanisms of multiple alien plant invasion processes from the perspective of soil microorganisms.

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Testolin, Riccardo, Fabio Attorre, Peter Borchardt, Robert F. Brand, Helge Bruelheide, Milan Chytrý, Michele De Sanctis et al. "Global patterns and drivers of alpine plant species richness". Global Ecology and Biogeography 30, n. 6 (31 marzo 2021): 1218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13297.

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40

Behera, Mukunda Dev, Partha Sarathi Roy e Rajendra Mohan Panda. "Plant Species Richness Pattern across India's Longest Longitudinal Extent". Current Science 111, n. 7 (1 ottobre 2016): 1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v111/i7/1220-1225.

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41

van der Welle, Marlies E. W., Peter J. Vermeulen, Gaius R. Shaver e Frank Berendse. "Factors determining plant species richness in Alaskan arctic tundra". Journal of Vegetation Science 14, n. 5 (2003): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1658/1100-9233(2003)014[0711:fdpsri]2.0.co;2.

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42

Kumar, Sunil, Thomas J. Stohlgren e Geneva W. Chong. "SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY INFLUENCES NATIVE AND NONNATIVE PLANT SPECIES RICHNESS". Ecology 87, n. 12 (dicembre 2006): 3186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[3186:shinan]2.0.co;2.

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43

Brown, V. K., e A. C. Gange. "Herbivory by Soil-Dwelling Insects Depresses Plant Species Richness". Functional Ecology 3, n. 6 (1989): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2389498.

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44

Morrison, Lloyd W. "Determinants of plant species richness on small Bahamian islands". Journal of Biogeography 29, n. 7 (luglio 2002): 931–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00730.x.

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45

Butler, Jack L., e Daniel R. Cogan. "Leafy Spurge Effects on Patterns of Plant Species Richness". Journal of Range Management 57, n. 3 (maggio 2004): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4003800.

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46

Welle, Marlies E. W., Peter J. Vermeulen, Gaius R. Shaver e Frank Berendse. "Factors determining plant species richness in Alaskan arctic tundra". Journal of Vegetation Science 14, n. 5 (9 aprile 2003): 711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02203.x.

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47

OLOFSSON, J., e H. SHAMS. "Determinants of plant species richness in an alpine meadow". Journal of Ecology 95, n. 5 (settembre 2007): 916–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01284.x.

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48

SARAN, E., E. DUSZA-ZWOLIŃSKA e R. GAMRAT. "PLANT SPECIES RICHNESS IN FRAGMENTED AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE – META-ANALYSIS". Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17, n. 1 (2019): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1701_053083.

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49

BUTLER, JACK L., e DANIEL R. COGAN. "Leafy spurge effects on patterns of plant species richness". Rangeland Ecology & Management 57, n. 3 (maggio 2004): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2004)057[0305:lseopo]2.0.co;2.

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50

Adler, P. B., E. W. Seabloom, E. T. Borer, H. Hillebrand, Y. Hautier, A. Hector, W. S. Harpole et al. "Productivity Is a Poor Predictor of Plant Species Richness". Science 333, n. 6050 (22 settembre 2011): 1750–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1204498.

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