Bibliografie tematiche / Plant ecophysiology

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Plant ecophysiology"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Plant ecophysiology"

Collins, Chris. "Plant ecophysiology". Crop Protection 17, n. 2 (marzo 1998): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(97)00106-3.

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Humphreys, Mike W. "Plant ecophysiology". New Phytologist 155, n. 2 (agosto 2002): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00461_4.x.

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Lüttge, Ulrich, e Fabio R. Scarano. "Ecophysiology". Revista Brasileira de Botânica 27, n. 1 (marzo 2004): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-84042004000100001.

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Kapos, Valerie, S. S. Mulkey, R. L. Chazdon e A. P. Smith. "Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology." Journal of Applied Ecology 34, n. 3 (giugno 1997): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404930.

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Hawthorne, William D., S. S. Mulkey, R. L. Chazdon e A. P. Smith. "Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology." Journal of Ecology 85, n. 1 (febbraio 1997): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2960636.

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Skillman, John, Stephen S. Mulkey, Robin L. Chazdon e Alan P. Smith. "Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology." Ecology 78, n. 3 (aprile 1997): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2266080.

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Morison, J. I. L. "P3 General Plant Ecophysiology". Journal of Experimental Botany 47, supp1 (1 maggio 1996): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jxb.a022914.

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Turner, Ian M. "Tropical forest plant ecophysiology". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 11, n. 12 (dicembre 1996): 518–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(96)88904-x.

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Crafts‐Brandner, Steven J. "Handbook of Plant Ecophysiology Techniques". Crop Science 42, n. 4 (luglio 2002): 1387–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.1387a.

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Jones, H. G., N. Archer, E. Rotenberg e R. Casa. "Radiation measurement for plant ecophysiology". Journal of Experimental Botany 54, n. 384 (1 marzo 2003): 879–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erg116.

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Tesi sul tema "Plant ecophysiology"

Vergara, Díaz Omar. "High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668314.

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Global climate change effects on agroecosystems together with increasing world population is already threatening food security and endangering ecosystem stability. Meet global food demand with crops production under climate change scenario is the core challenge in plant research nowadays. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the underpinning mechanisms of plant acclimation to stress conditions contributing to obtain resilient crops. Also, it is essential to develop new methods in plant research that permit to better characterize non-destructively plant traits of interest. In this sense, the advance in plant phenotyping research by high throughput systems is key to overcome these challenges, while its verification in the field may clear doubts on its feasibility. To this aim, this thesis focused on wheat and secondarily on maize as study species as they make up the major staple crops worldwide. A large panoply of phenotyping methods was employed in these works, ranging from RGB and hyperspectral sensing to metabolomic characterization, besides of other more conventional traits. All research was performed with trials grown in the field and diverse stressor conditions representative of major constrains for plant growth and production were studied: water stress, nitrogen deficiency and disease stress. Our results demonstrated the great potential of leave-to-canopy color traits captured by RGB sensors for in-field phenotyping, as they were accurate and robust indicators of grain yield in wheat and maize under disease and nitrogen deficiency conditions and of leaf nitrogen concentration in maize. On the other hand, the characterization of the metabolome of wheat tissues contributed to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms triggered by water stress and their relationship with high yielding performance, providing some potential biomarkers for higher yields and stress adaptation. Spectroscopic studies in wheat highlighted that leaf dorsoventrality may affect more than water stress on the reflected spectrum and consequently the performance of the multispectral/hyperspectral approaches to assess yield or any other relevant phenotypic trait. Anatomy, pigments and water changes were responsible of reflectance differences and the existence of leaf-side-specific responses were discussed. Finally, the use of spectroscopy for the estimation of the metabolite profiles of wheat organs showed promising for many metabolites which could pave the way for a new generation phenotyping. We concluded that future phenotyping may benefit from these findings in both the low-cost and straightforward methods and the more complex and frontier technologies.
Els efectes del canvi climàtic sobre els agro-ecosistemes i l’increment de la població mundial posa en risc la seguretat alimentària i l’estabilitat dels ecosistemes. Actualment, satisfer les demandes de producció d’aliments sota l’escenari del canvi climàtic és el repte central a la Biologia Vegetal. Per això, és indispensable entendre els mecanismes subjacents de l’aclimatació a l’estrès que permeten obtenir cultius resilients. També és precís desenvolupar nou mètodes de recerca que permetin caracteritzar de manera no destructiva els trets d’interès. L’avenç del fenotipat vegetal amb sistemes d’alt rendiment és clau per abordar aquests reptes. La present tesi s’enfoca en el blat i secundàriament en el panís com a espècies d’estudi ja que constitueixen els cultius bàsics arreu del món. Un ampli ventall de mètodes de fenotipat s’han utilitzat, des sensors RGB a híper-espectrals fins a la caracterització metabolòmica. La recerca s’ha dut a terme en assajos de camp i s’han avaluat diversos tipus d’estrès representatius de les majors limitacions pel creixement i producció vegetal: estrès hídric i biòtic i deficiència de nitrogen. Els resultats demostraren el gran potencial dels trets del color RGB (des de la planta a la capçada) pel fenotipat de camp, ja que foren indicadors precisos del rendiment a blat i panís sota condicions de malaltia i deficiència de nitrogen i de la concentració de nitrogen foliar a panís. La caracterització metabolòmica de teixits de blat contribuí a esbrinar els processos metabòlics endegats per l’estrès hídric i la seva relació amb comportament genotípic, proporcionant bio-marcadors potencials per rendiments més alts i l’adaptació a l’estrès. Estudis espectroscòpics en blat van demostrar que la dorsoventralitat pot afectar més que l’estrès hídric sobre l’espectre de reflectància i consegüentment sobre el comportament de les aproximacions multi/híper-espectrals per avaluar el rendiment i d’altres trets fenotípics com anatòmics i contingut de pigments. Finalment, l’ús de l’espectroscòpia per l’estimació del contingut metabòlic als teixits de blat resulta prometedor per molts metabòlits, la qual cosa obre les portes per a un fenotipat de nova generació. El fenotipat pot beneficiar-se d’aquestes troballes, tant en els mètodes de baix cost com de les tecnologies més sofisticades i d’avantguarda.

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Yokum, Hannah Elizabeth. "Understanding Community and Ecophysiology of Plant Species on the Colorado Plateau". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7211.

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The intensification of aridity due to anthropogenic climate change is likely to have a large impact on the growth and survival of plant species in the southwestern U.S. where species are already vulnerable to high temperatures and limited precipitation. Global climate change impacts plants through a rising temperature effect, CO2 effect, and land management. In order to forecast the impacts of global climate change, it is necessary to know the current conditions and create a baseline for future comparisons and to understand the factors and players that will affect what happens in the future. The objective of Chapter 1 is to create the very first high resolution, accurate, park-wide map that shows the distribution of dominant plants on the Colorado Plateau and serves as a baseline for future comparisons of species distribution. If we are going to forecast what species have already been impacted by global change or will likely be impacted in the future, we need to know their physiology. Chapter 2 surveys the physiology of the twelve most abundant non-tree species on the Colorado Plateau to help us forecast what climate change might do and to understand what has likely already occurred. Chapter 1. Our objective was to create an accurate species-level classification map using a combination of multispectral data from the World View-3 satellite and hyperspectral data from a handheld radiometer to compare pixel-based and object-based classification. We found that overall, both methods were successful in creating an accurate landscape map. Different functional types could be classified with fairly good accuracy in a pixel-based classification but to get more accurate species-level classification, object-based methods were more effective (0.915, kappa coefficient=0.905) than pixel-based classification (0.79, kappa coefficient=0.766). Although spectral reflectance values were important in classification, the addition of other features such as brightness, texture, number of pixels, size, shape, compactness, and asymmetry improved classification accuracy.Chapter 2. We sought to understand if patterns of gas exchange to changes in temperature and CO2 can explain why C3 shrubs are increasing, and C3 and C4 grasses are decreasing in the southwestern U.S. We conducted seasonal, leaf-level gas exchange surveys, and measured temperature response curves and A-Ci response curves of common shrub, forb, and grass species in perennial grassland ecosystems over the year. We found that the functional trait of being evergreen is increasingly more successful in climate changing conditions with warmer winter months. Grass species in our study did not differentiate by photosynthetic pathway; they were physiologically the same in all of our measurements. Increasing shrub species, Ephedra viridis and Coleogyne ramosissima displayed functional similarities in response to increasing temperature and CO2.

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Tabot, Pascal Tabi. "The effects of salinity and inundation on salt marsh plants in the context of climate change". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019919.

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Ecophysiology studies are needed to predict plant responses in relation to climate change. Variations in salinity and inundation are expected to influence the survival and distribution of salt marsh. The following species were chosen to study as they occur in most South African salt marshes and are representative of different tidal ranges; namely Triglochin buchenaui (lower intertidal), Bassia diffusa (upper intertidal succulent) and Limonium linifolium (upper intertidal non-succulent). To simulate climate change conditions as predicted for South Africa, a 3 x 5 controlled experiment of three inundation levels (tidal, submerged and drought) and five salinity levels (0, 8, 18, 35, 45 ppt) was conducted for each species. This resulted in 15 treatments per species. Plant responses were measured over a three month period. Triglochin buchenaui showed significant variation in height (7.57 ± 0.5 to 29 ± 1.55 cm, p < 0.005, DF = 55) with optimum growth at 0 ppt under tidal conditions; leaf area increments and relative growth rates which decreased with increasing salinity under all inundation states. There was almost a cessation of growth under submergence which reduces the plant’s regeneration potential under these conditions. Proline accumulation (1.84 ± 0.23 to 3.36 ± 0.38 mg l-1), response of photosynthetic pigments and electrolyte leakage (8.17 ± 0.80 to 38.36 ± 7.42 percent) were fundamental to osmotic and membrane response regulation. Plants survived in all inundation states at salinity up to 45 ppt, but the optimum range was 0 to 18 ppt, and best water state was the tidal condition. Viable rhizomes were produced under drought conditions. Bassia diffusa (Thunb.) Kuntze plants under submergence died within one month, irrespective of the salinity. Optimum growth occurred in plants of the tidal treatment at 18 ppt, and reduced with increased salinity and drought conditions. Plants in the tidal treatments were more succulent than the drought-treated plants. There was reduced leaf mass and high anthocyanin concentrations in drought-treated plants and these effects increased with salinity. Soil and leaf water potential were positively correlated with anthocyanin concentration in leaves and stems, suggesting anthocyanin accumulated in response to drought and could be an adaptation to lower the plant’s water potential under drought conditions. A shift of anthocyanin from leaves to stems was found in drought-treated plants, and this possibly enables the maximization of photosynthesis in leaves, to complement its role in osmotic balance and photo-protection. Growth of Limonium linifolium showed that the plant was tolerant to a wide range of salinity under both tidal and drought conditions, but was susceptible to complete submergence, with high membrane damage even in tidal-treated plants. Plants died within 2 weeks of complete submergence. Results further indicated that L. linifolium tolerates extreme drought by accumulating large quantities of proline and oxalic acid, which consequently lowers its water potential for uptake of soil water of high salinity. Excess salts were excreted through salt glands. This is an important adaptation for a plant that thrives in a highly variable saline habitat Further investigation of submergence effects on upper intertidal species using B. diffusa showed three key stages in the response. A drop in chlorophyll a+b within 6 hours (4.2 ± 0.2 to 2.4 ± 0.3 mg l-1) with a corresponding increase in carotenoid concentration (0.6 ± 0.1 mg l-1) indicated an immediate response to submergence. Oxalic acid concentration was highest on Day 4 (13.6 mM) as opposed to control levels, indicative of its role in submergence tolerance, thus Day 4 may be the peak of positive acclimation. The third phase was marked by a sharp increase in electrolyte leakage to 47.5 ± 2.6 percent on Day 10, from 9.4 ± 1.4 percent on Day 7, with a corresponding decrease in total dissolved solutes between Days 7 and 10. Results suggest that oxalic acid accumulates under submergence possibly as a stabilizing osmolyte. The threshold for tolerance of the species under submergence is 7 days with membrane damage thereafter. Bassia diffusa would not survive prolonged submergence (> 7 days) but could survive submergence of short duration (< 7 days) through continuous underwater photosynthesis, accumulation of osmolytes such as oxalic acid and carotenoid, and maintenance of relative water content and succulence within control levels. When considered together, results showed that the two upper intertidal species were sensitive to waterlogging and would not survive complete submergence, whereas the lower intertidal species could in addition to its natural range, thrive in conditions typical of the upper intertidal range, namely prolonged dry conditions and high sediment salinity. These results have important implications for the future management of salt marshes under predicted climate change conditions. In permanently open South African estuaries, a landward migration of salt marsh will be possible if coastal squeeze is limited and the rate of landward recruitment is on par with sea level rise. In this case salt marsh species would retain their current zonation while shifting inland. Increased sea storms and saltwater intrusion could lead to high salinity concentration in the sediment and significantly reduce growth of salt-sensitive plants. In estuaries that are temporarily open to the sea, reduced freshwater inflow will result in an increase in mouth closure, high water levels, prolonged submergence, and consequently die back of salt marsh vegetation. On the other hand increased abstraction and drought would result in low water levels and high sediment salinity which would decrease growth and survival of salt marsh. This research has provided new knowledge on the ecophysiology of salt marsh plants which can be used to predict the responses of plants to climate change.

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Males, Jamie Oliver. "Structure-function relationships in the water-use strategies and ecological diversity of the Bromeliaceae". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267920.

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The Bromeliaceae is one of the largest and most ecologically diverse angiosperm families in the Neotropics. In recent years, this family has begun to emerge as a model system for the study of plant evolutionary ecology and physiology, and major advances have been made in understanding the factors involved in episodes of rapid diversification and adaptive radiation in specific bromeliad lineages. However, despite a long tradition of ecophysiological research on the Bromeliaceae, an integrative, evolutionarily-contextualised synthesis of the links between anatomical) physiological, and ecological aspects of bromeliad biology has hitherto been lacking. The overarching aim of this research project was therefore to use new quantitative data representing a wide range of bromeliad taxonomic and functional groups to elucidate how variation in leaf traits connected by structure-function relationships influences ecological differentiation among bromeliad taxa. Special emphasis was placed on hydraulic and water relations traits because of fast-paced contemporary developments in these fields. The methodologies employed included an assessment of the diversity of bromeliad hydrological habitat occupancy, quantification of key anatomical and physiological traits and their correlations, investigation of the links between vascular and extra-xylary anatomy and hydraulic efficiency and vulnerability, quantification of stomatal sensitivity to leaf-air vapour pressure deficit and stomatal kinetics, and a case study of trait-mediated niche segregation among congeneric epiphytic bromeliad species on the Caribbean island of Trinidad. The results highlight how divergences in a range of continuous and categorical anatomical traits underpin differences in physiological capacities and sensitivities, which in turn determine environmental relations and ecological distinctiveness. This research project therefore provides critical insights into the mechanistic basis of evolutionary diversification in a highly ecologically important family. It also represents the most comprehensive analysis of the significance of trait variation for ecological differentiation across any major radiation of herbaceous angiosperms.

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Wigley, Benjamin. "An isotopic assessment of the water sourced by Ischyrolepis Sieberi (Restionaceae) growing at high altitudes in the Cedarberg : does fog play an important role?" Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26131.

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The main aim of this study was to determine if Ischyrolepis sieberi, a common restiod species found at high altitudes in the Cederberg captures fog to supplement its water needs. This was done by comparing the isotopic ratios of δD and δ¹⁸O in captured fog, rainwater, and stream water and comparing these to the δD and δ¹⁸O values found in the xylem water of Ischyrolepis sieberi plants growing at the study site. The δD values of the collected fog samples were enriched relative to rainwater, stream water, and xylem water from I. sieberi, however these differences were not significant. The δ¹⁸O values of the I. sieberi xylem water were significantly (p < 0.01) more enriched than rain, stream, and fog water. The xylem water of I. sieberi was depleted in δD and enriched in δ¹⁸O relative to all other water sources. The plants therefore did not appear to be utilizing fog during the three months of this study. The δ¹⁸O values of I. sieberi were consistently 4-6‰ enriched compared to rainwater, suggesting that they are utilizing rainwater, which has undergone fractionation due to evaporation in the soil before being taken up by the plants. This study was run during the wet winter months. The δD and δ¹⁸O values from previous data suggest that the I. sieberi plants do utilize fog during the dry summer months.

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Howis, Seranne. "Phylogeography and comparative ecophysiology of Chrysanthemoides Turn. Ex Medik. (Tribe Calenduleae)". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008189.

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Chrysanthem Oides is a common Southern African shrub that grows in a variety of habitats. From coastal shrubland and fynbos to mountainous areas as far north as Kenya. The genus has two species and 8 subspecies. The diagnoses and delimitation of which have been based almost exclusively on morphological characteristics. This project aims to investigate, with the use of phylogenetic species concepts. The validity of these subspecies. Unlike biological species concepts that rely on reproductive isolation as a defining character of a species. Phylogenetic species concepts (PSC) are concerned with delimiting evolutionary significant units (ESUs). ESUs are evolutionarily isolated lineages, and under the PSC a species is an aggregation of organisms consistently diagnosable by a fixed character or combination of characters. This project therefore searched for genetic and physiological characters by which to delimit ESUs within the Cill), samhemoides genus. DNA sequencing was used to investigate the genetic characters, while gas exchange studies were used to investigate the ecophysiological characters. DNA sequence analysis indicated that the ESUs can be diagnosed by genetic means and that one species may be of hybrid origin. Field studies of three disparate genetically identifiable ESUs from three disparate climates found that there are noticeable differences in ecophysiological responses of these ESUs in the field. Plants from each ESU were transferred to a greenhouse and grown under identical conditions for several months and compared to determine if these traits are inherent, or elastic in relation to environmental conditions. Under simulated high rainfall conditions. There does not appear to be a significant difference in the photosynthetic traits.

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Ribeiro, Maria da SaÃde de Sousa. "Ecophysiology and alecrim pimenta productivity at conditions of Massif BaturitÃ, CearÃ". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14350.

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The medicinal plants are included within the wide diversity of the MaciÃo de BaturitÃ ecosytem and they are an important component of traditional medicine of this region. However, scientific information that may contribute to the increase in the cultivation of these plants are still rare, particularly at conditions of the State of CearÃ. The overall objective of this project is to evaluate the development and the production of alecrim pimenta (Lippia origanoides) at conditions of MaciÃo de BaturitÃ, CearÃ. Two experiments were conducted, the first during the dry season of 2013 (August to November) and the second during the rainy season of 2014 (February to May). The experiment was corned out in completely randomized design with split plots, being the plots defined by two seasons (drought and rainy), the subplot formed by light conditions (greenhouse and full sun), and the subsubplots formed by four evaluation times (0, 40, 80 and 120 days after transplanting). Five replications were used, each one represented by a pot of 20 L containing a plant. The following variables were evaluated: leaf area, plant height, stem diameter, dry matter production, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, mineral nutrients, organic solutes, and essential oils. The alecrim pimenta grows well in the BaturitÃ region, with yields of biomass and essential oil similar to those observed in other studies. The cultivation in greenhouse (50% of solar radiation) changed the pattern of development of alecrim pimenta, resulting in plants with better overall appearance, taller, with larger leaves, higher specific leaf area, less developed root system, and lower root/shoot ratio, regardless of the season of cultivation. The production of dry biomass of leaves and total did not differ between the two environments (light conditions) after 120 days cultivation, regardless of the period of year. During the drought season there was a strong influence of the light condition on stomatal conductance and transpiration, with the values being lower in full sun environment, suggesting stomatal sensitivity to climate conditions in this species. Plants grown in greenhouse showed, in general, higher levels of nutrients and nitrogen compounds (N-aminossolÃveis), compared to plants under full sunlight, regardless of the cropping season.
Dentre os vegetais que compÃem ampla diversidade do MaciÃo de BaturitÃ se inserem as plantas medicinais, sendo estas, principais componentes da medicina tradicional. No entanto, informaÃÃes cientÃficas que possam contribuir para o incremento do cultivo dessas plantas ainda sÃo raras, particularmente nas condiÃÃes edafoclimÃticas do Estado do CearÃ. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho, avaliar o desenvolvimento e o potencial produtivo do alecrim pimenta (Lippia origanoides) nas condiÃÃes edafoclimÃticas do MaciÃo de BaturitÃ, CearÃ. Foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro durante o perÃodo seco de 2013 (agosto a novembro) e o segundo durante o perÃodo chuvoso de 2014 (fevereiro a maio). O experimento foi conduzido seguindo um delineamento inteiramente casualizados com parcelas subsubdivididas, sendo as parcelas definidas pelas duas estaÃÃes (seca e chuvosa), as subparcelas formadas pelas condiÃÃes de luminosidade (telado e pleno sol), e as subsubparcelas pelas quatro Ãpocas de avaliaÃÃo (0, 40, 80 e 120 dias apÃs o transplantio). Foram utilizadas cinco repetiÃÃes, sendo cada repetiÃÃo representada por um vaso de 20 litros contendo uma planta. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variÃveis: Ãrea foliar, altura da planta, diÃmetro do caule, massa seca dos diferentes ÃrgÃos vegetais, trocas gasosas, teores de clorofila, teores de minerais, solutos orgÃnicos e rendimento do Ãleo essencial. O alecrim pimenta desenvolveu-se bem na regiÃo do MaciÃo de BaturitÃ, com produtividades de biomassa e de Ãleo essencial similares Ãs observadas em outros estudos. O cultivo em telado alterou o padrÃo de desenvolvimento do alecrim pimenta, resultando em plantas com melhor aparÃncia geral, mais altas, com folhas maiores, maior Ãrea foliar especÃfica, menor desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e menor relaÃÃo raiz/parte aÃrea, independentemente da Ãpoca de cultivo. A produÃÃo de massa seca de folhas e total nÃo diferiu entre os dois ambientes apÃs 120 dias de cultivo, independentemente do perÃodo do ano. Houve forte influÃncia do ambiente de cultivo no perÃodo seco, sobre a condutÃncia estomÃtica e a transpiraÃÃo, com os valores sendo menores no ambiente a pleno sol, sugerindo a sensibilidade estomÃtica da espÃcie Ãs condiÃÃes atmosfÃricas do perÃodo. As plantas cultivadas em telado apresentaram, de forma geral, maiores teores de nutrientes minerais e de compostos nitrogenados (N-aminossolÃveis), em comparaÃÃo Ãs plantas submetidas a pleno sol, independente do Ãpoca de cultivo.

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Llambi, Cartaya Luis Daniel. "Old-field succession in the high tropical Andes : ecophysiology, local spatial interactions and plant community development". Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9863/.

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Domingos, Vanessa David [UNESP]. "Crescimento de Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) Hitchc. sob diferentes condições nutricionais e monitoramento sazonal de fatores ambientais no habitat natural". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99961.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e caracterizar o ambiente de ocorrência de Brachiaria subquadripara, sendo constituído de três etapas: (i) avaliar a população e os fatores abióticos presentes no reservatório de Barra Bonita em duas épocas (seca e águas); (ii) seleção da solução nutritiva (solução base) favorável ao crescimento a partir de diferentes diluições (80, 60, 40, 20 e 0%) da solução nutritiva completa de Sarruge em casa-de-vegetação e (iii) avaliar o crescimento e absorção de nutrientes sob o efeito de diferentes concentrações (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) de N, P e K na solução base em casa-devegetação. As coletas foram realizadas nos dias 06/07/2004 e 14/01/2005 em pontos previamente selecionados e georreferenciados, os quais constituíram-se de 13 pontos no reservatório Barra Bonita (7 pontos no braço do rio Piracicaba e 6 pontos no braço do rio Tietê). Foram realizadas coletas de solo, sedimento, água e plantas. A distribuição em relação à área de infestação das populações de B. subquadripara foi considerada heterogenia entre os pontos amostrados no reservatório de Barra Bonita, principalmente no verão referente à 2ª época. A diluição de 20% da solução nutritiva propiciou melhores condições ao desenvolvimento da planta e foi considerada representativa para ser utilizada como solução base destinada à aplicação dos diferentes níveis de N, P e K. A variação sazonal influenciou na distribuição das populações, a qual ocorreu de forma heterogênea na estação chuvosa em relação à densidade populacional. O Rio Tietê foi considerado um ambiente mais eutrófico do que o Rio Piraracicaba tanto em relação ao solo quanto em relação à coluna d água. O crescimento de B. subquadripara apresentou melhor ajuste aos modelos exponencial e linear, sendo obtidos coeficientes...
The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and characterize the occurrence environment of Brachiaria subquadripara being consisted of three stages: (i) evaluate the population and the abiotic factors present in the reservoir of Barra Bonita in two seasons (drought and waters); (ii) selection of nutritious solution (base solution) favorable to growth from different dilutions (80, 60, 40, 20 and 0%) of Sarruge s complete nutritious solution, at green house and (iii) evaluate the growth and nutrients absorption under the effect of different N, P and K concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in the base solution, at green house. Collections were carried out in July 6, 2004 and January, 14, 2005, in previously selected and georeferred places, which consisted of 13 places at Barra Bonita reservoir (7 places in the branch of the Piracicaba River and 6 places in the branch of the Tietê River). Soil, sediment, water and plants collections were carried out in each place. The distribution in relation to infestation area of B. subquadripara populations was considered heterogeneous among the places chosen in the Barra Bonita reservoir, mainly in the summer of the 2nd season. The 20% dilution of nutritious solution allowed better conditions for plant development and was considered significant to be used as base solution destined to the application of different levels 4 of N, P and K. Seasonal variation influenced the populations distribution, which heterogeneously occurred in the rainy season, in relation to population density. The Tietê River was considered the most eutrophic environment than the Piracicaba river, in relation to both soil and water column. B. subquadripara growth presented better adjustment to exponential and linear models, with determination coefficients above 90% and probability of 0,001 to 0,05. The absence of nitrogen affected the foliaceous area... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Coleman, David. "Applications of low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance technology to the ecophysiology of eucalypts". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28052.

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The development of a precise, non-destructive method to measure leaf water status is an important step towards testing our theories and models of leaf hydraulic function. Many of the responses of stomata to rapid changes in leaf water content (minutes to hours) are difficult to measure, in part due to destructive sampling methodologies necessary for establishing leaf water content. In this thesis, I use the technology of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry to measure dynamic in vivo leaf relative water content (RWC). I show how stomata respond to rapid water deficit with a high level of temporal precision, by combining this measure of leaf water status with other non-destructive technologies such as leaf gas exchange. I apply the new simultaneous measure of leaf water status and transpiration to measure leaf hydraulic conductance dynamically and repeatedly in the same leaf over a range of water contents for the first time. Furthermore, I use the technique to show how the response of stomata to rapid water deficit is adapted to climate in the leaves in eucalypts, the dominant genus of tree in most Australian biomes. This research develops the new low-field NMR sensor as a useful tool for uncovering processes in leaf physiology and hydraulics, in conjunction with other non-destructive technologies and add to our understanding of the finely tuned relationship between climate and leaf physiology in eucalypts.

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Libri sul tema "Plant ecophysiology"

Prasad, M. N. V. 1953-, a cura di. Plant ecophysiology. New York: J. Wiley, 1997.

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Prasad, M. N. V. 1953-, a cura di. Plant ecophysiology. New York: J. Wiley, 1996.

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Mulkey, Stephen S., Robin L. Chazdon e Alan P. Smith, a cura di. Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1163-8.

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1953-, Mulkey Stephen S., Chazdon Robin Lee 1957- e Smith Alan P, a cura di. Tropical forest plant ecophysiology. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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Reigosa Roger, Manuel J., a cura di. Handbook of Plant Ecophysiology Techniques. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48057-3.

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Sánchez-Moreiras, Adela M., e Manuel J. Reigosa, a cura di. Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93233-0.

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1941-, Schulze E. D., e Caldwell Martyn M. 1941-, a cura di. Ecophysiology of photosynthesis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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1941-, Schulze E. D., e Caldwell Martyn M. 1941-, a cura di. Ecophysiology of photosynthesis. Berlin: Springer, 1995.

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Lambers, H. Plant physiological ecology. 2^a ed. New York: Springer, 2008.

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III, Chapin F. Stuart, e Pons Thijs Leendert 1948-, a cura di. Plant physiological ecology. 2^a ed. New York: Springer, 2008.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Plant ecophysiology"

Rennenberg, Heinz. "Glutathione - An Ancient Metabolite with Modern Tasks". In Plant Ecophysiology, 1–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_1.

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Schnug, Ewald, e Christine Sator. "Aspects of Glutathione in the Interaction Between Plants and Animals". In Plant Ecophysiology, 241–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_10.

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Wonisch, Willibald, e Rudolf J. Schaur. "Chemistry of Glutathione". In Plant Ecophysiology, 13–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_2.

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Foyer, Christine H., e Graham Noctor. "The Molecular Biology and Metabolism of Glutathione". In Plant Ecophysiology, 27–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_3.

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Anderson, John W., e Peter J. McMahon. "The Role of Glutathione in the Uptake and Metabolism of Sulfur and Selenium". In Plant Ecophysiology, 57–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_4.

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Tausz, Michael. "The Role of Glutathione in Plant Response and Adaptation to Natural Stress". In Plant Ecophysiology, 101–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_5.

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Rauser, Wilfried E. "The Role of Glutathione in Plant Reaction and Adaptation to Excess Metals". In Plant Ecophysiology, 123–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_6.

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Schröder, Peter. "The Role of Glutathione and Glutathione S-transferases in Plant Reaction and Adaptation to Xenobiotics". In Plant Ecophysiology, 155–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_7.

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De Kok, Luit J., e Michael Tausz. "The Role of Glutathione in Plant Reaction and Adaptation to Air Pollutants". In Plant Ecophysiology, 185–205. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_8.

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Gullner, Gabor, e Tamas Kömives. "The Role of Glutathione and Glutathione-related Enzymes in Plant-pathogen Interactions". In Plant Ecophysiology, 207–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47644-4_9.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Plant ecophysiology"

Buck-Sorlin, Gerhard H., Pascale Guillermin, Mickael Delaire, Fatoumata Sane e Chirstian le-Morvan. "Towards a multi-scaled Functional-Structural Model of apple, linking ecophysiology at the fruit and branch scales". In 2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2012.6524814.

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