Bibliografie tematiche / Photoperiodism

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Photoperiodism"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 28 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Photoperiodism"

1

Lorincz, Annaka M., M. Benjamin Shoemaker e Paul D. Heideman. "Genetic variation in photoperiodism among naturally photoperiodic rat strains". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 281, n. 6 (1 dicembre 2001): R1817—R1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.6.r1817.

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Abstract (sommario):
Rattus norvegicus has been considered nonphotoperiodic, but Fischer 344 (F344) rats are inhibited in growth and reproductive development by short photoperiod (SD). We tested photoresponsiveness of the genetically divergent Brown Norway (BN) strain of rats. Peripubertal males were tested in long photoperiod or SD, with or without 30% food reduction. Young males were photoresponsive, with reductions in testis size, body mass, and food intake in SD and with enhanced responses to SD when food restricted. Photoperiods ≤11 h of light inhibited reproductive maturation and somatic growth, whereas photoperiods of 12 h or more produced little or no response. F344/BN hybrids differ from both parent strains in the timing, amplitude, and critical photoperiod of photoperiodic responses, indicating genetic differences in photoperiodism between these strains. This is consistent with the hypothesis that ancestors of laboratory rats were genetically variable for photoperiodism and that different combinations of alleles for photoperiodism have been fixed in different strains of rats.
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2

Brainard, George C., John P. Hanifin, Felix M. Barker, Britt Sanford e Milton H. Stetson. "Influence of near-ultraviolet radiation on reproductive and immunological development in juvenile male Siberian hamsters". Journal of Experimental Biology 204, n. 14 (15 luglio 2001): 2535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.14.2535.

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Abstract (sommario):
SUMMARY The aim of this study was to characterize the lenticular ultraviolet transmission of the Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) and to probe the range of near-ultraviolet (UV-A, 315–400nm) and visible wavelengths (400–760nm) for modulating the photoperiodic regulation of its reproductive and immune systems. Ocular lenses from adult hamsters were found to transmit UV-A wavelengths at similar levels to visible wavelengths, with a short-wavelength cut-off of 300nm. Five separate studies compared the responses of juvenile male hamsters to long photoperiods (16h:8h L:D), short photoperiods (10h:14h L:D) and short photoperiods interrupted by an equal photon pulse of monochromatic light of 320, 340, 360, 500 or 725nm during the night. The results show that UV-A wavelengths at 320, 340 and 360nm can regulate both reproductive and immune short-photoperiod responses as effectively as visible monochromatic light at 500nm. In contrast, long-wavelength visible light at 725nm did not block the short-photoperiod responses. These results suggest that both wavelengths in the visible spectrum, together with UV-A wavelengths, contribute to hamster photoperiodism in natural habitats.
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Siddiqi, Shoaib Ahmad, Shakira Aslam, Mona Hassan, Naureen Naeem e Shazia Bokhari. "Response of Different Species of Plants Towards Photoperiodism". Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences 2, n. 2 (22 aprile 2020): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2018.010227.

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Abstract (sommario):
Different plants respond to photoperiod in diverse manners. There are three major types of the responses of photoperiodism in plants: short-day responses (SD), long-day responses (LD) and dayneutral responses (DN). The LD plants flower most rapidly under high intensity of light provided for a large period of time while the short day plants flower rapidly only if light is provided for a short period of time. The plants with day-neutral responses, does not depends on the conditions of photoperiod in order to flower. Every plant behaves according to the length of light on its own way. In this study the plants that were considered shows distinct responses. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa), for example responded towards longday photoperiod. Synthetic hexaploids showed a slight photoperiodic response of Triricum turgidum rather than the accessions of Triticum tauschii. Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) showed a day neutral response but some modern tomatoes had mild short day response towards photoperiodism. The tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum) was favored by short day photoperiodic response as well as cool temperature.
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Lankinen, Pekka, Chedly Kastally e Anneli Hoikkala. "Nanda-Hamner Curves Show Huge Latitudinal Variation but No Circadian Components in Drosophila Montana Photoperiodism". Journal of Biological Rhythms 36, n. 3 (22 marzo 2021): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730421997265.

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Abstract (sommario):
Insect species with a wide distribution offer a great opportunity to trace latitudinal variation in the photoperiodic regulation of traits important in reproduction and stress tolerances. We measured this variation in the photoperiodic time-measuring system underlying reproductive diapause in Drosophila montana, using a Nanda-Hamner (NH) protocol. None of the study strains showed diel rhythmicity in female diapause proportions under a constant day length (12 h) and varying night lengths in photoperiods ranging from 16 to 84 h at 16°C. In the northernmost strains (above 55°N), nearly all females entered diapause under all photoperiods and about half of them even in continuous darkness, while the females of the southern strains showed high diapause proportions only in the circadian 24 h photoperiod. Significant correlation between the strains’ mean diapause proportions in ≥ 24 h photoperiods and critical day length (CDL; half of the females enter diapause) suggests at least partial causal connection between the traits. Interestingly, females of the northern strains entered diapause even in ≤ 24 h photoperiods, where the night length was shorter than their critical night length (24 h - CDL), but where the females experienced a higher number of Light:Dark cycles than in 24 h photoperiods. NH experiments, performed on the control and selection lines in our previous selection experiment, and completed here, gave similar results and confirmed that selection for shorter, southern-type CDL decreases female diapausing rate in non-circadian photoperiods. Overall, our study shows that D. montana females measure night length quantitatively, that the photoperiodic counter may play a prominent but slightly different role in extra short and extra long photoperiods and that northern strains show high stability against perturbations in the photoperiod length and in the presence of LD cycles. These features are best explained by the quantitative versions of the damped external coincidence model.
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Saunders, David S. "Dormancy, Diapause, and the Role of the Circadian System in Insect Photoperiodism". Annual Review of Entomology 65, n. 1 (7 gennaio 2020): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011019-025116.

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Abstract (sommario):
Whole-animal experiments devised to investigate possible association between photoperiodic time measurement and the circadian system (Bünning's hypothesis) are compared with more recent molecular investigations of circadian clock genes. In Sarcophaga argyrostoma and some other species, experimental cycles of light and darkness revealed a photoperiodic oscillator, set to constant phase at dusk and measuring night length repeatedly during extended periods of darkness. In some species, however, extreme dampening revealed an unrepetitive (i.e., hourglass-like) response. Rhythms of clock gene transcript abundance may also show similar phase relationships to the light cycle, and gene silencing of important clock genes indicates that they play a crucial role in photoperiodism either alone or in concert. However, the multiplicity of peripheral oscillators in the insect circadian system indicates that more complex mechanisms might also be important.
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Iiams, Samantha E., Aldrin B. Lugena, Ying Zhang, Ashley N. Hayden e Christine Merlin. "Photoperiodic and clock regulation of the vitamin A pathway in the brain mediates seasonal responsiveness in the monarch butterfly". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n. 50 (25 novembre 2019): 25214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913915116.

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Abstract (sommario):
Seasonal adaptation to changes in light:dark regimes (i.e., photoperiod) allows organisms living at temperate latitudes to anticipate environmental changes. In nearly all animals studied so far, the circadian system has been implicated in measurement and response to the photoperiod. In insects, genetic evidence further supports the involvement of several clock genes in photoperiodic responses. Yet, the key molecular pathways linking clock genes or the circadian clock to insect photoperiodic responses remain largely unknown. Here, we show that inactivating the clock in the North American monarch butterfly using loss-of-function mutants for the circadian activators CLOCK and BMAL1 and the circadian repressor CRYPTOCHROME 2 abolishes photoperiodic responses in reproductive output. Transcriptomic approaches in the brain of monarchs raised in long and short photoperiods, summer monarchs, and fall migrants revealed a molecular signature of seasonal-specific rhythmic gene expression that included several genes belonging to the vitamin A pathway. We found that the rhythmic expression of these genes was abolished in clock-deficient mutants, suggesting that the vitamin A pathway operates downstream of the circadian clock. Importantly, we showed that a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss-of-function mutation in the gene encoding the pathway’s rate-limiting enzyme, ninaB1, abolished photoperiod responsiveness independently of visual function in the compound eye and without affecting circadian rhythms. Together, these results provide genetic evidence that the clock-controlled vitamin A pathway mediates photoperiod responsiveness in an insect. Given previously reported seasonal changes associated with this pathway in the mammalian brain, our findings suggest an evolutionarily conserved function of vitamin A in animal photoperiodism.
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Markovskaya, E. F., e M. I. Sysoeva. "EVOLUTION OF PLANT PHOTOPERIODISM". Acta Horticulturae, n. 907 (settembre 2011): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2011.907.27.

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Kryvyi, V. V., e O. Y. Martsinyuk. "Photoperiodism in poultry farming". Taurian Scientific Herald, n. 122 (2021): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32851/2226-0099.2021.122.30.

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EBIHARA, Shizufumi, Shinobu YASUO e Takashi YOSHIMURA. "Mechanisms of Vertebrate Photoperiodism". Seibutsu Butsuri 45, n. 4 (2005): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.45.185.

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Provencio, I. "Shedding light on photoperiodism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, n. 36 (27 agosto 2010): 15662–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010370107.

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Tesi sul tema "Photoperiodism"

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Last, Kim Sven. "Photoperiodism in the semelparous polychaete Nereis virens sars". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324943.

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O’Brien, Conor Savage. "Evolution of Photoperiodism in the Threespine Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12104.

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Abstract (sommario):
xvi, 112 p. : ill. (some col.)
In seasonal environments, the ability to take advantage of the favorable seasons and avoid or mitigate the effects of the unfavorable ones is essential for organismal fitness. Many polar and temperate organisms use photoperiod (length of day) to time seasonal life history events because photoperiod's regular annual cycle makes it a very reliable indicator of seasonality. This reliability allows organisms to anticipate and properly prepare for seasonal change. Although photoperiodism is widespread in polar and temperate vertebrates, little is known relative to invertebrates regarding how its use varies with environment and this method's underlying genetic and physiological basis. This dissertation is focused on demonstrating the proper methodology for the study of photoperiodism and establishing the threespine stickleback as a model of vertebrate photoperiodism. Chapter I is an introduction to photoperiodism, how it is influenced by environment, the physiological basis of its output, and a summary of the chapters that follow. Chapter II explains an analytical method to test for causality and applies this method to data that have been interpreted as evidence that the circadian clock is causally involved in photoperiodism. Chapter III describes the photoperiodic response of threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus populations from two latitudes. These results are used to inform an empirical examination of the previously described assertion that the circadian clock is causally involved in photoperiodism. Chapter IV examines the physiological basis of early photoperiodic response using the threespine stickleback as a model teleost fish. Chapter V summarizes the previous chapters, describes their significance, and suggests future research directions. This dissertation includes both previously published and co-authored material. Supplementary Excel files demonstrating the analyses used in Chapter III are also included in this dissertation.
Committee in charge: Eric Johnson, Chairperson; William Cresko, Advisor; William Bradshaw, Member; Judith Eisen, Member; Patricia McDowell, Outside Member
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3

Robertson, Carol Elaine. "The use of quantitative RT-PCR techniques to examine the expression of PHY-genes : the role of phytochrome A in the photoperiodic induction of flowering in the long-day-plant Sinapis alba and the short-day-plant Pharbitis nil". Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282609.

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Sáenz, de Miera Cristina. "The role of photoperiodic history and internal long-term timing in seasonal neuroendocrinology". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225273.

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Abstract (sommario):
Seasonal physiology has evolved as an adaptive strategy to changing environments with daylength (photoperiod) used as the predominant environmental cue to suit breeding and other functions to the external season. However, seasonal physiological state is determined not only by the photoperiod that is currently in effect but also by the animal's history, allowing changes in physiology in anticipation to the seasons. Many mammals and birds show internally timed, long-term (circannual) changes in seasonal physiology, synchronised to the seasons by changing photoperiods. The importance of history-dependent photoperiodic programming applies also to puberty attainment in juvenile animals, timed by the photoperiod received by the mother during gestation. In this project I investigated the effects of both types of history-dependent timing on the neuroendocrine pathways for photoperiodic regulation of seasonal physiology. In mammals, photoperiod is transmitted via the pineal hormone melatonin, which acts on the pars tuberalis (PT) to regulate thyrotropin (TSH) expression and in turn controls seasonal physiology via effects on the hypothalamic synthesis of type 2 and 3 thyroid hormone deiodinases (Dio2 and Dio3), and thus the local regulation of thyroid hormone metabolism, and downstream changes in hypothalamic neuropeptidergic signalling. Using two circannual species, the Soay sheep (Ovis aries) –a short-day breeder – and the European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) – a long-day breeder – exposed to constant photoperiodic conditions, my findings reveal that in both models, in the absence of seasonal cues, internal circannual timing is initiated at the PT control of TSH and transmitted to the regulation of hypothalamic T3 regulation and neuropeptides. Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) were placed under different photoperiods during gestation and transferred to a photoperiod of intermediate duration at weaning. Reproductive activation under these conditions was dependent upon early life exposure and this effect controls history-dependent changes in hypothalamic deiodinases. Interestingly, the gestational experience was reflected in PT TSH expression and Dio2 expression as early as birth time. The same prenatal effects were observed in a strain of seasonal mice, (Mus musculus molossinus). Overall my dissertation has established that: i) both the circannual and the melatonin signals converge on TSH expression to synchronise seasonal biological activity; ii) the photoperiodic pituitary-hypothalamic network is programmed by prenatal experience; and iii) this pathway is already functional before birth. Overall, my results highlight the PT as a conserved central site in mammals for the integration of multiple seasonal cues which via differential control of thyroid hormone levels in the hypothalamus dictates the timing in seasonal physiology.
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Holm, Karl. "Studies on Natural Variation and Evolution of Photoperiodism in Plants". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionär funktionsgenomik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-119269.

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Abstract (sommario):
Photoperiodism refers to the organism’s ability to detect and respond to seasonal changes in the daily duration of light and dark and thus constitutes one of the most significant and complex examples of the interaction between the organism and its environment. This thesis attempts to describe the prevalence of variation in a photoperiodic response, its adaptive value, and its putative genetic basis in a common cruciferous weed, Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae). Furthermore, the thesis presents a first comprehensive comparative overview of the circadian clock mechanism in an early land plant, Physcomitrella patens (Bryophyta), thus providing insights into the evolution of the plant circadian system. In an introductory survey of global gene expression changes among early- and late flowering accessions of C. bursa-pastoris we found an enrichment of genes involved in photoperiodic response and regulation of the circadian clock. Secondly, by phenotyping circadian rhythm variation in a worldwide sample of accessions with known flowering time, we detected robust latitudinal clines in flowering time and circadian period length, which constitute strong indications of local adaptation to photoperiod in the shaping of flowering time variation in this species. In an attempt to elucidate putative genetic causes for the correlated variation between circadian rhythm and flowering time, we found that sequence variation and diverged expression in components regulating light input to the clock, PHYTOCHROME B (PHYB) and DE-ETIOLATED 1 (DET1) make them strong candidate genes. Finally, we present a comparative study of circadian network topology in the moss P. patens. Phylogenetic analyses and time series expression studies of putative clock homologues indicated that several core clock genes present in vascular plants appeared to be lacking in the moss. Consequently, while the clock mechanism in higher plants constitutes at least a three-loop system of interacting components, the moss clock appears to comprise only a single loop. We conclude that C. bursa-pastoris is a highly suitable model system for the further elucidation of the molecular variation that influences adaptive change in natural plant populations. Furthermore, we believe that the continuing study of the seemingly less complex circadian network of P. patens not only can provide insights into the evolution of the plant circadian system, but also may help to clarify some of the remaining issues of the circadian clock mechanism in higher plants.
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Tan, Ying. "Neurospora crassa - A model system for photoperiodism and circadian rhythm research". Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-47324.

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Andersson, Håkan. "Photoperiodism in pigs : studies on timing of male puberty and melatonin /". Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/v90.pdf.

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Yang, Jingying. "Photoperiodism and endocrine control of reproduction in the Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) /". The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487952208107354.

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LUBBERS, EDWARD LAWRENCE. "CHARACTERIZATION AND INHERITANCE OF PHOTOPERIODISM IN GUAR, CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA (L.) TAUB". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184079.

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Abstract (sommario):
Three hundred and thirty lines of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) taub.) were planted in five locations throughout central and southwestern United States to find diverse photoperiod response types for closer physiological and genetic study. Dates of planting studies were done in 1982 and 1983 in hopes that the photoperiod responses would be obvious in field conditions but they were not. The 1982 dates of planting studies in Arizona, Kansas, and Texas indicated that the date of planting was more important than the selection of cultivar in expectations of high yield even though cultivar selection was very important. The 1983 dates of planting experiment in Tucson, Arizona showed suggestions that photoperiod existed in guar but it took controlled, greenhouse conditions to characterize photoperiodism in guar and to be able to conduct genetic analysis. In greenhouse studies, guar was found to be a quantitative short-day plant, the initiation of buds and floral development were accelerated under short-day conditions. Six guar lines were characterized for the critical photoperiod in days from first true leaf to the first floral bud and from first floral bud to the first flower. No effect of photoperiod on the growth and development from emergence to the first true leaf was observed. The critical photoperiod for days from first true leaf to first bud for the lines are as follows: PI217925-1-1, Mesa, and Mills are between 14 and 15 hours, Kinman and SEAH-90 are between 13 and 14 hours, and PI217925-2 is between 12 and 13 hours. The critical photoperiod for days from first floral bud to first flower for the lines are: PI217925-1-1, Mesa, Kinman, and PI217925-2 are between 12 and 13 hours, SEAH-90 is between 13 and 14 hours, and Mills is day-neutral. Different photoperiodic responses occur for days from first true leaf to first floral bud and days from first floral bud to first flower. This follows a proposed genetic system of photoperiodic actions that has genes for photoperiod sensitivity, short-day versus long-day reaction, critical photoperiod, and genes for the amount of time delay for each developmental stage. The segregations of the guar crosses were explained by the model.
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Mathias, Derrick Kenneth. "The evolution of a seasonal adaptation in the pitcher-plant mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1276394641&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-103). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Libri sul tema "Photoperiodism"

1

Joe, Nelson Randy, Denlinger David L e Somers David E. 1954-, a cura di. Photoperiodism: The biological calendar. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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2

Foundation, Ciba, a cura di. Photoperiodism, melatonin and the pineal. London: Pitman, 1985.

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3

J, Lumsden P., e Millar A. J, a cura di. Biological rhythms and photoperiodism in plants. Oxford: Bios Scientific Publishers, 1998.

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M, Reppert Steven, a cura di. Development of circadian rhythmicity and photoperiodism in mammals. Ithaca, N.Y: Perinatology Press, 1989.

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5

Ebihara, Shizufumi, e Takeshi Izawa. Kōshūsei no bunshi seibutsugaku. Tōkyō: Maruzen Shuppan, 2012.

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Evered, David, e Sarah Clark, a cura di. Ciba Foundation Symposium 117 - Photoperiodism, Melatonin and the Pineal. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720981.

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Zaslavskiĭ, V. A. Insect development: Photoperiodic and temperature control. A cura di Veerman A. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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H, Stetson Milton, e Binkley Sue Ann 1944-, a cura di. Processing of environmental information in vertebrates. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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9

Farmelectric workshop (1988 Bangor, Wales). Photoperiodic manipulation of cattle production: Proceedings of the Farmelectric workshop, held 6th September, 1988. Bangor: University of Wales, 1988.

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Lankinen, Pekka. Genetic variation of circadian eclosion rhytm, and its relation to photoperiodism in Drosophila littoralis. Oulu: P. Lankinen, 1985.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Photoperiodism"

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Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner et al. "Photoperiodism". In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2862. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2925.

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Salisbury, Frank B. "Photoperiodism". In Horticultural Reviews, 66–105. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118060773.ch3.

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Gorman, Michael R., Bruce D. Goldman e Irving Zucker. "Mammalian Photoperiodism". In Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology, 481–508. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1201-1_19.

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Follett, B. K., R. G. Foster e T. J. Nicholls. "Photoperiodism in Birds". In Ciba Foundation Symposium 117 - Photoperiodism, Melatonin and the Pineal, 93–115. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720981.ch7.

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Lumsden, P. J. "Photoperiodism in Plants". In Biological Rhythms, 181–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06085-8_15.

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Moore-Ede, Martin C., e Margaret L. Moline. "Circadian Rhythms and Photoperiodism". In Ciba Foundation Symposium 117 - Photoperiodism, Melatonin and the Pineal, 23–37. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720981.ch3.

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Hart, J. W. "Orientation in time: photoperiodism". In Light and Plant Growth, 161–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5996-8_8.

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Goto, Shin G. "Molecular Mechanisms of Photoperiodism". In Insect Chronobiology, 271–91. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0726-7_13.

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Shiga, Sakiko. "Neural Mechanism of Photoperiodism". In Insect Chronobiology, 293–320. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0726-7_14.

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Numata, Hideharu. "General Features of Photoperiodism". In Insect Chronobiology, 251–69. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0726-7_12.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Photoperiodism"

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Liu, Wei. "Illuminating the Plant Calendar: Gene Regulatory Networks Controlling Photoperiodism". In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.989645.

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Xi, Jili. "Input neuronal pathways for photoperiodism in the bean bug,Riptortus pedestris". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.110622.

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Goto, Shin G. "The role of the circadian clock in photoperiodism of the bean bugRiptortus pedestris". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.91465.

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Umar, Lazuardi, Febyola Aswandi, Tetty Marta Linda, Agustina Wati e Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi. "Sensitivity and photoperiodism response of algae-based biosensor using red and blue LED spectrums". In THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION (ICoMSE) 2020: Innovative Research in Science and Mathematics Education in The Disruptive Era. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0037762.

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Mukai, Ayumu. "RNAi targeted to the circadian clock geneperioddisrupts photoperiodism of the jewel wasp,Nasonia vitripennis". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.110889.

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He, Haimin. "Photoperiodism of diapause induction in the mothThyrassia penangae: Measuring day length rather than night length". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108653.

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Perez, Shirly Lara, Rafael Ferro, Kate Cristina Blanco e Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato. "Study of optimized processes in controlled environment agriculture". In Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laop.2022.tu5a.5.

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Controlled environment and photoperiods with low light intensity using LEDs in a hydroponic system chamber were used to optimize the growth of mini romaine lettuce from seed to adult stage in 30 days.
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Jianjun, Du, Liu Shuping, Liu Weihong, Chen Tao e Song Changbin. "The application of photoperiodic control of the plant flowering". In 2016 13th China International Forum on Solid State Lighting (SSLChina). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sslchina.2016.7804361.

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Wu, Bulah Chia-hsiang. "Circadian clock, photoperiodic timer and genes inPyrrhocoris apterusfrom different latitudes". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113536.

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Li, Rui, Zhiyu Ma, Yinghui Mu, Hongyu Wei, Lixue Zhu e Wenqi Tang. "Morphology, biomass and quality variation of Anoectochilus roxburghii under different photoperiods". In 2020 17th China International Forum on Solid State Lighting & 2020 International Forum on Wide Bandgap Semiconductors China (SSLChina: IFWS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sslchinaifws51786.2020.9308817.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Photoperiodism"

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Anthony R. Cashmore. Light responses in Photoperiodism in Arabidopsis thaliana. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893226.

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Kadman-Zahavi, Avishag, Theodore Tibbitts e Benjamin Steinitz. Testing the Efficiency of Different Lamps and Illumination Regeimes for Photoperiodic Irradiation of Agricultural Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, dicembre 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1987.7594409.bard.

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Samach, Alon, Douglas Cook e Jaime Kigel. Molecular mechanisms of plant reproductive adaptation to aridity gradients. United States Department of Agriculture, gennaio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696513.bard.

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Annual plants have developed a range of different mechanisms to avoid flowering (exposure of reproductive organs to the environment) under adverse environmental conditions. Seasonal environmental events such as gradual changes in day length and temperature affect the timing of transition to flowering in many annual and perennial plants. Research in Arabidopsis and additional species suggest that some environmental signals converge on transcriptional regulation of common floral integrators such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Here we studied environmental induction of flowering in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Similarly to Arabidopsis, the transition to flowering in M. truncatula is hastened by long photoperiods and long periods of vernalization (4°C for 2-3 weeks). Ecotypes collected in Israel retain a vernalization response even though winter temperatures are way above 4°C. Here we show that this species is also highly responsive (flowers earlier) to mild ambient temperatures up to 19°C simulating winter conditions in its natural habitat. Physiological experiments allowed us to time the transition to flowering due to low temperatures, and to compare it to vernalization. We have made use of natural variation, and induced mutants to identify key genes involved in this process, and we provide here data suggesting that an FT gene in M.truncatula is transcriptionally regulated by different environmental cues. Flowering time was found to be correlated with MtFTA and MtFTB expression levels. Mutation in the MtFTA gene showed a late flowering phenotype, while over-expressing MtFTA in Arabidopsis complemented the ft- phenotype. We found that combination of 4°C and 12°C resulted in a synergistic increase in MtFTB expression, while combining 4°C and long photoperiods caused a synergistic increase in MtFTA expression. These results suggest that the two vernalization temperatures work through distinct mechanisms. The early flowering kalil mutant expressed higher levels of MtFTA and not MtFTB suggesting that the KALIL protein represses MtFTA specifically. The desert ecotype Sde Boker flowers earlier in response to short treatments of 8-12oc vernalization and expresses higher levels of MtFTA. This suggests a possible mechanism this desert ecotype developed to flower as fast as possible and finish its growth cycle before the dry period. MtFTA and FT expression are induced by common environmental cues in each species, and expression is repressed under short days. Replacing FT with the MtFTA gene (including regulatory elements) caused high MtFTA expression and early flowering under short days suggesting that the mechanism used to repress flowering under short days has diversified between the two species.The circadian regulated gene, GIGANTEA (GI) encodes a unique protein in Arabidopsis that is involved in flowering mechanism. In this research we characterized how the expression of the M.truncatula GI ortholog is regulated by light and temperature in comparison to its regulation in Arabidopsis. In Arabidopsis GI was found to be involved in temperature compensation to the clock. In addition, GI was found to be involved in mediating the effect of temperature on flowering time. We tested the influence of cold temperature on the MtGI gene in M.truncatula and found correlation between MtGI levels and extended periods of 12°C treatment. MtGI elevation that was found mostly after plants were removed from the cold influence preceded the induction of MtFT expression. This data suggests that MtGI might be involved in 12°C cold perception with respect to flowering in M.truncatula. GI seems to integrate diverse environmental inputs and translates them to the proper physiological and developmental outputs, acting through several different pathways. These research enabled to correlate between temperature and circadian clock in M.truncatula and achieved a better understanding of the flowering mechanism of this species.
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Weiss, David, e Neil Olszewski. Manipulation of GA Levels and GA Signal Transduction in Anthers to Generate Male Sterility. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580678.bard.

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The original objectives of the research were: i. To study the role of GA in anther development, ii. To manipulate GA and/or GA signal transduction levels in the anthers in order to generate male sterility. iii. To characterize the GA signal transduction repressor, SPY. Previous studies have suggested that gibberellins (GAs) are required for normal anther development. In this work, we studied the role of GA in the regulation of anther development in petunia. When plants were treated with the GA-biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol, anther development was arrested. Microscopic analysis of these anthers revealed that paclobutrazol inhibits post-meiotic developmental processes. The treated anthers contained pollen grains but the connective tissue and tapetum cells were degenerated. The expression of the GA-induced gene, GIP, can be used in petunia as a molecular marker to: study GA responses. Analyses of GIP expression during anther development revealed that the gene is induced only after microsporogenesis. This observation further suggests a role for GA in the regulation of post-meiotic processes during petunia anther development. Spy acts as a negative regulator of gibberellin (GA) action in Arabidopsis. We cloned the petunia Spy homologue, PhSPY, and showed that it can complement the spy-3 mutation in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of Spy in transgenic petunia plants affected various GA-regulated processes, including seed germination, shoot elongation, flower initiation, flower development and the expression of a GA- induced gene, GIP. In addition, anther development was inhibited in the transgenic plants following microsporogenesis. The N-terminus of Spy contains tetratricopeptide repeats (TPR). TPR motifs participate in protein-protein interactions, suggesting that Spy is part of a multiprotein complex. To test this hypothesis, we over-expressed the SPY's TPR region without the catalytic domain in transgenic petunia and generated a dominant- negative Spy mutant. The transgenic seeds were able to germinate on paclobutrazol, suggesting an enhanced GA signal. Overexpression of PhSPY in wild type Arabidopsis did not affect plant stature, morphology or flowering time. Consistent with Spy being an O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), Spy expressed in insect cells was shown to O-GlcNAc modify itself. Consistent with O-GlcNAc modification playing a role in GA signaling, spy mutants had a reduction in the GlcNAc modification of several proteins. After treatment of the GA deficient, gal mutant, with GA3 the GlcNAc modification of proteins of the same size as those affected in spy mutants exhibited a reduction in GlcNAcylation. GA-induced GlcNAcase may be responsible for this de-GlcNAcylation because, treatment of gal with GA rapidly induced an increase in GlcNAcase activity. Several Arabidopsis proteins that interact with the TPR domain of Spy were identified using yeast two-hybrids screens. One of these proteins was GIGANTEA (GI). Consistent with GI and Spy functioning as a complex in the plant the spy-4 was epistatic to gi. These experiments also demonstrated that, in addition to its role in GA signaling, Spy functions in the light signaling pathways controlling hypocotyl elongation and photoperiodic induction of flowering. A second Arabidopsis OGT, SECRET AGENT (SCA), was discovered. Like SPY, SCA O-GlcNAc modifies itself. Although sca mutants do not exhibit dramatic phenotypes, spy/sca double mutants exhibit male and female gamete and embryo lethality, indicating that Spy and SCA have overlapping functions. These results suggest that O-GlcNAc modification is an essential modification in plants that has a role in multiple signaling pathways.
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