Articoli di riviste: "Photonic band"

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Lin, Hongtao, Zhengqian Luo, Tian Gu, Lionel C. Kimerling, Kazumi Wada, Anu Agarwal e Juejun Hu. "Mid-infrared integrated photonics on silicon: a perspective". Nanophotonics 7, n. 2 (4 dicembre 2017): 393–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0085.

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AbstractThe emergence of silicon photonics over the past two decades has established silicon as a preferred substrate platform for photonic integration. While most silicon-based photonic components have so far been realized in the near-infrared (near-IR) telecommunication bands, the mid-infrared (mid-IR, 2–20-μm wavelength) band presents a significant growth opportunity for integrated photonics. In this review, we offer our perspective on the burgeoning field of mid-IR integrated photonics on silicon. A comprehensive survey on the state-of-the-art of key photonic devices such as waveguides, light sources, modulators, and detectors is presented. Furthermore, on-chip spectroscopic chemical sensing is quantitatively analyzed as an example of mid-IR photonic system integration based on these basic building blocks, and the constituent component choices are discussed and contrasted in the context of system performance and integration technologies.

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Tang, Liqin, Daohong Song, Shiqi Xia, Shiqiang Xia, Jina Ma, Wenchao Yan, Yi Hu, Jingjun Xu, Daniel Leykam e Zhigang Chen. "Photonic flat-band lattices and unconventional light localization". Nanophotonics 9, n. 5 (1 aprile 2020): 1161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0043.

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AbstractFlat-band systems have attracted considerable interest in different branches of physics in the past decades, providing a flexible platform for studying fundamental phenomena associated with completely dispersionless bands within the whole Brillouin zone. Engineered flat-band structures have now been realized in a variety of systems, in particular, in the field of photonics. Flat-band localization, as an important phenomenon in solid-state physics, is fundamentally interesting in the exploration of exotic ground-state properties of many-body systems. However, direct observation of some flat-band phenomena is highly nontrivial in conventional condensed-matter systems because of intrinsic limitations. In this article, we briefly review recent developments on flat-band localization and the associated phenomena in various photonic lattices, including compact localized states, unconventional line states, and noncontractible loop states. We show that the photonic lattices offer a convenient platform for probing the underlying physics of flat-band systems, which may provide inspiration for exploring the fundamentals and applications of flat-band physics in other structured media from metamaterials to nanophotonic materials.

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Christensen, Thomas, Charlotte Loh, Stjepan Picek, Domagoj Jakobović, Li Jing, Sophie Fisher, Vladimir Ceperic, John D. Joannopoulos e Marin Soljačić. "Predictive and generative machine learning models for photonic crystals". Nanophotonics 9, n. 13 (29 giugno 2020): 4183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0197.

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AbstractThe prediction and design of photonic features have traditionally been guided by theory-driven computational methods, spanning a wide range of direct solvers and optimization techniques. Motivated by enormous advances in the field of machine learning, there has recently been a growing interest in developing complementary data-driven methods for photonics. Here, we demonstrate several predictive and generative data-driven approaches for the characterization and inverse design of photonic crystals. Concretely, we built a data set of 20,000 two-dimensional photonic crystal unit cells and their associated band structures, enabling the training of supervised learning models. Using these data set, we demonstrate a high-accuracy convolutional neural network for band structure prediction, with orders-of-magnitude speedup compared to conventional theory-driven solvers. Separately, we demonstrate an approach to high-throughput inverse design of photonic crystals via generative adversarial networks, with the design goal of substantial transverse-magnetic band gaps. Our work highlights photonic crystals as a natural application domain and test bed for the development of data-driven tools in photonics and the natural sciences.

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Alnasser, Khadijah, Steve Kamau, Noah Hurley, Jingbiao Cui e Yuankun Lin. "Photonic Band Gaps and Resonance Modes in 2D Twisted Moiré Photonic Crystal". Photonics 8, n. 10 (23 settembre 2021): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8100408.

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The study of twisted bilayer 2D materials has revealed many interesting physics properties. A twisted moiré photonic crystal is an optical analog of twisted bilayer 2D materials. The optical properties in twisted photonic crystals have not yet been fully elucidated. In this paper, we generate 2D twisted moiré photonic crystals without physical rotation and simulate their photonic band gaps in photonic crystals formed at different twisted angles, different gradient levels, and different dielectric filling factors. At certain gradient levels, interface modes appear within the photonic band gap. The simulation reveals “tic tac toe”-like and “traffic circle”-like modes as well as ring resonance modes. These interesting discoveries in 2D twisted moiré photonic crystal may lead toward its application in integrated photonics.

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Pan, Jinghan, Meicheng Fu, Wenjun Yi, Xiaochun Wang, Ju Liu, Mengjun Zhu, Junli Qi et al. "Improving Low-Dispersion Bandwidth of the Silicon Photonic Crystal Waveguides for Ultrafast Integrated Photonics". Photonics 8, n. 4 (6 aprile 2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8040105.

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We design a novel slow-light silicon photonic crystal waveguide which can operate over an extremely wide flat band for ultrafast integrated nonlinear photonics. By conveniently adjusting the radii and positions of the second air-holes rows, a flat slow-light low-dispersion band of 50 nm is achieved numerically. Such a slow-light photonic crystal waveguide with large flat low-dispersion wideband will pave the way for governing the femtosecond pulses in integrated nonlinear photonic platforms based on CMOS technology.

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SUMMERS, C. J., E. GRAUGNARD, D. P. GAILLOT, T. YAMASHITA, C. W. NEFF e J. BLAIR. "TUNING OF PHOTONIC CRYSTAL BAND PROPERTIES BY ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION". Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 17, n. 01 (marzo 2008): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021886350800397x.

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We report the application of atomic layer deposition to manipulate the dielectric architecture of conventional and superlattice two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides fabricated in silicon. Conformal deposition of a second dielectric layer is shown to have a dramatic influence on the photonic band structure and produces unique effects that cannot be emulated in a single dielectric slab photonic crystal material. With additional dielectric coatings, a strong decrease in photonic band frequencies and change in band slope are observed, which for the lowest photonic states produces strong degeneracies. The capability, in principle, to tune the position of bands to within 0.005% accuracy, is demonstrated. Additionally, new features are observed when differential band shifts result in band-crossing and for which like polarizations activate perturbation mechanisms that result in local and strong band curvatures. The extremely strong band bending resulting from band-band interactions could have applications, in slow light devices, and provide a way to introduce non-linear effects into tunable photonic crystal structures.

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Lan, Wenze, Peng Fu, Chang-Yin Ji, Gang Wang, Yugui Yao, Changzhi Gu e Baoli Liu. "Visualization of photonic band structures via far-field measurements in SiN_x photonic crystal slabs". Applied Physics Letters 122, n. 15 (10 aprile 2023): 151102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0149529.

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Band structures of the photonic crystal slabs play a significant role in manipulating the flow of light and predicting exotic physics in photonics. In this Letter, we show that the key features of photonic band structures can be achieved experimentally by the polarization- and momentum-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy utilizing the light emission properties of SiN x. The two-dimensional spectra clearly reveal the energy-momentum dispersion of band structures, which is in perfect agreement with the simulation results. The isofrequency contours can be measured easily by adding a bandpass filter with a desired photon energy. Furthermore, it is convenient to observe clearly and directly the optical singularity—the optical bound states in the continuum featured by dark point in three-dimensional photoluminescence spectra. The polarization-resolved isofrequency contours clearly show that this dark point is the center of an azimuthally polarized vortex. Finally, the helical topological edge states can be easily observed in photonic topological insulators with deformed hexagonal lattices. Our work provides a simple and effective approach for exploring topological photonics and other intriguing phenomena hidden in the photonic crystal slabs.

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Strekalov, Dmitry, Ninoslav Majurec, Andrey Matsko, Vladimir Ilchenko, Simone Tanelli e Razi Ahmed. "W-Band Photonic Receiver for Compact Cloud Radars". Sensors 22, n. 3 (21 gennaio 2022): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030804.

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We introduce an RF-photonics receiver concept enabling the next generation of ultra-compact millimeter wave radars suitable for cloud and precipitation profiling, planetary boundary layer observations, altimetry and surface scattering measurements. The RF-photonics receiver architecture offers some compelling advantages over traditional electronic implementations, including a reduced number of components and interfaces, leading to reduced size, weight and power (SWaP), as well as lower system noise, leading to improved sensitivity. Low instrument SWaP with increased sensitivity makes this approach particularly attractive for compact space-borne radars. We study the photonic receiver front-end both analytically and numerically and predict the feasibility of the greater than unity photonic gain and lower than ambient effective noise temperature of the device. The receiver design is optimized for W-band (94 GHz) radars, which are generally assessed to be the primary means for observing clouds in the free troposphere as well as planetary boundary layer from space.

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LIAO, JIAYAN, ZHENGWEN YANG, HANGJUN WU, SHENFENG LAI, JIANBEI QIU, ZHIGUO SONG, YONG YANG, DACHENG ZHOU e ZHAOYI YIN. "UPCONVERSION LUMINESCENCE ENHANCEMENT OF NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ NANOPARTICLES ON INVERSE OPAL SURFACE". Surface Review and Letters 21, n. 01 (febbraio 2014): 1450017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x14500176.

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LaPO 4 inverse opal photonic crystals with different photonic band gaps were fabricated by template-assisted method. The Yb 3+/ Er 3+ co-doped NaYF 4 nanoparticles were deposited on the surfaces of the inverse opals, and their up-conversion emission properties were investigated. The upconversion emissions of Yb 3+/ Er 3+ co-doped NaYF 4 nanoparticles on the inverse opal surfaces have been enhanced when the upconversion emission bands of the nanoparticles are in the range of photonic band gaps of the inverse opals, which is attributed to an efficient and selective reflection of photonic band gaps.

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Hsiao, Fu-Li, Chien-Chung Chen, Chuan-Yu Chang, Yi-Chia Huang e Ying-Pin Tsai. "The Influence of Geometric Parameters for Training an Artificial Neural Network to Predict the Band Structure of 1-D Fishbone Photonic Crystal". Electronics 13, n. 7 (29 marzo 2024): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071285.

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With the rising demand for the transmission of large amounts of information over long distances, the development of integrated light circuits is the key to improving this technology, and silicon photonics have been developed with low absorption in the near-infrared range and with sophisticated fabrication techniques. To build devices that work in different functionalities, photonic crystals are one of the most used structures due to their ability to manipulate light. The investigation of photonic crystals requires the calculation of photonic band structures and is usually time-consuming work. To reduce the time spent on calculations, a trained ANN is introduced in this study to directly predict the band structures using only a minimal amount of pre-calculated band structure data. A well-used 1-D fishbone-like photonic crystal in the form of a nanobeam is used as the training target, and the influence of adjusting the geometric parameters is discussed, especially the lattice constant and the thickness of the nanobeam. To train the ANN with very few band structures, each of the mode points in the band structure is considered as a single datapoint to increase the amount of training data. The datasets are composed of various raw band structure data. The optimized ANN is introduced at the end of this manuscript.

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Lan, Sheng, Satoshi Nishikawa e Osamu Wada. "Leveraging deep photonic band gaps in photonic crystal impurity bands". Applied Physics Letters 78, n. 15 (9 aprile 2001): 2101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1362328.

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Zhang, Gai Mei, Can Wang, Yan Jun Guo, Wang Wei e Xiao Xiang Song. "Preparation and Optical Properties of One-Dimensional Ag/SiOx Photonic Crystal". Applied Mechanics and Materials 576 (giugno 2014): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.576.27.

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The photonic crystal has the property that electromagnetic waves with interval of frequency in photonic band gap (PBG) can not be propagated, so it has important applying and researching value. The traditional one-dimensional photonic crystal is with narrow band gap width, and the reflection within the band is small, especially the band gap is sensitive to the incident angle and the polarization of light. A new photonic band gap (PBG) structure, metallodielectric photonic crystal by inserting metal film in the medium can overcomes the shortcomings mentioned above. The one-dimensional Ag/SiOx photonic crystal was prepared, and theoretical and experimental researches were developed. The results show that photonic band gap appears gradually and the band gap width increase with increasing of period of repeating thickness. With the thickness of Ag film increasing, the band gap width increases, but the starting wavelength of the photonic band gap keeps unchanged. With thickness of SiOx film increasing, the band gap width of photonic band gap also increases, but it is not obvious and starting wavelength increases.

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Ozer, Zafer, Amirullah M. Mamedov e Ekmel Ozbay. "BaTiO3 based photonic time crystal and momentum stop band". Ferroelectrics 557, n. 1 (11 marzo 2020): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2020.1713355.

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Temporally periodic photonic crystals develop an ω-k dispersion relation with momentum band gaps. While conventional photonic crystals induce forbidden bands in the frequency spectrum of photons, photonic time crystals create forbidden regions in the momentum spectrum of photons. This effect allows for enhanced control over many optical processes that require both photonic energy and momentum conservations such as nonlinear harmonic generation. The simulation results show that more intensive scatter fields can obtained in photonic space time crystal. Also, we investigate topological phase transitions of photonic time crystals systems.

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YABLONOVITCH, E. "PHOTONIC BAND STRUCTURE". Optics and Photonics News 2, n. 12 (1 dicembre 1991): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.2.12.000027.

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Russell, Philip St J. "Photonic band gaps". Physics World 5, n. 8 (agosto 1992): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/5/8/31.

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Pendry, J. B. "Photonic Band Structures". Journal of Modern Optics 41, n. 2 (febbraio 1994): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500349414550281.

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ASPNES, D. E. "Photonic band structure". Optics News 13, n. 12 (1 dicembre 1987): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/on.13.12.000038.

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Jayawardana, K. B. S. K. B., e K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Study on the Photonic Band Gaps of the Face Centered Cubic Crystals". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 70 (settembre 2016): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.70.63.

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Since the dielectric contrast of photonic crystals play an important role in determining the existence of a photonic gap, the photonic energy bands, density of states of face centered cubic structured photonic crystals formed from spheres of several dielectric materials placed in air were calculated using the plane wave expansion method. A complete band gap was obtained between second and third bands with a gap to mid gap frequency ratio in the range for the dielectric contrast in the range 11-16 with dielectric spheres of radius with a filling factor of 0.134 and fordielectric contrast of 200 with . A complete gap was not found for the dielectric contrast of 3.9. A complete band gap can be obtained for filling factors for the dielectric contrast in the range with an optimum band gap for the filling factor 0.134 while GaAs () has almost a constant optimum band gap in this range. The largest gap to mid gap ratio of was obtained for GaP (). For dielectric spheres of and larger gap to mid gap ratio were obtained for the dielectric contrast while the largest were obtained for . The only dielectric material BaSrTiO3 () which gives a band gap for the filling factor of 0.4524 can be used in microwave applications.

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Jayawardana, K. B. S. K. B., e K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Study on the Photonic Band Gaps of the Face Centered Cubic Crystals". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 70 (29 settembre 2016): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-kro97y.

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Since the dielectric contrast of photonic crystals play an important role in determining the existence of a photonic gap, the photonic energy bands, density of states of face centered cubic structured photonic crystals formed from spheres of several dielectric materials placed in air were calculated using the plane wave expansion method. A complete band gap was obtained between second and third bands with a gap to mid gap frequency ratio in the range for the dielectric contrast in the range 11-16 with dielectric spheres of radius with a filling factor of 0.134 and fordielectric contrast of 200 with . A complete gap was not found for the dielectric contrast of 3.9. A complete band gap can be obtained for filling factors for the dielectric contrast in the range with an optimum band gap for the filling factor 0.134 while GaAs () has almost a constant optimum band gap in this range. The largest gap to mid gap ratio of was obtained for GaP (). For dielectric spheres of and larger gap to mid gap ratio were obtained for the dielectric contrast while the largest were obtained for . The only dielectric material BaSrTiO3 () which gives a band gap for the filling factor of 0.4524 can be used in microwave applications.

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Hanafi, Haissam, Philip Menz, Allan McWilliam, Jörg Imbrock e Cornelia Denz. "Localized dynamics arising from multiple flat bands in a decorated photonic Lieb lattice". APL Photonics 7, n. 11 (1 novembre 2022): 111301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0109840.

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Photonic lattices have emerged as an ideal testbed for localizing light in space. Among others, the most promising approach is based on flat band systems and their related nondiffracting compact localized states. So far, only compact localized states arising from a single flat band have been found. Such states typically appear static, thus not allowing adaptive or evolutionary features of light localization. Here, we report on the first experimental realization of an oscillating compact localized state arising from multiple flat bands. We observe an oscillatory intensity beating during propagation in a two-dimensional photonic decorated Lieb lattice. The photonic system is realized by direct femtosecond laser writing and hosts most importantly multiple flat bands at different eigenenergies in its band structure. Our results open new avenues for evolution dynamics in the up to now static phenomenon of light localization in periodic waveguide structures and extend the current understanding of light localization in flat band systems.

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BLOKHIN, S. A., M. V. MAXIMOV, O. A. USOV, A. V. NASHCHEKIN, E. M. ARAKCHEEVA, E. M. TANKLEVSKAYA, S. A. GUREVICH et al. "VARIABLE-ANGLE OPTICAL REFLECTIVITY AND ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF 2D ACTIVE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL BASED ON QUANTUM DOTS". International Journal of Nanoscience 06, n. 03n04 (giugno 2007): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x07004572.

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A two-dimensional photonic crystal with hexagonal lattice of air-holes is patterned into an active planar waveguide containing InAs / InGaAs quantum dots. Variable-angle reflectivity spectroscopy is used to map out the photonic band structure. Fano-type resonances observed in the measured reflectivity spectra in TE (TM) polarizations along the Γ–K (Γ–M) lattice direction are attributed to resonance coupling of the optically active photonic bands to external light. Angle-resolved photoluminescence measurements are shown to trace the band structure of the leaky mode. The revealed three-fold emission intensity enhancement of photonic crystals is ascribed to both Purcell and Bragg scattering effects.

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Ohana, Eli, e Dror Malka. "O-Band Grating Couplers Using Silicon Nitride Structures". Applied Sciences 13, n. 17 (3 settembre 2023): 9951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13179951.

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To test silicon photonics component performances, a silicon (Si) grating coupler (GC) is used to couple the light from a single-mode fiber (SMF) into the chip. However, silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides have recently become more popular for realizing photonic integrated circuits (PICs), which may be attributable to their exceptional characteristics, such as minimal absorption and low back reflection (BR) in the O-band spectrum. Thus, to test the photonic chip, a waveguide converter from Si3N4 to Si needs to be added to the photonic circuit, which can lead to more power losses and BR. To avoid this conversion, we propose in this manuscript a configuration of a GC based on Si3N4 structures, which can be employed to minimize the footprint size and obtain better performance. The achievement of high efficiency was possibly obtained by optimizing the structural properties of the waveguide and the coupling angle from the SMF. The results demonstrated high efficiency within the O-band spectrum by using a wavelength of 1310 nm. Notably, at this specific wavelength, the findings indicated a coupling efficiency of −5.52 db. The proposed design of the GC consists of a uniform grating that offers improvements regarding affordability and simplicity in manufacturing compared to other GC models. For instance, using a reflector or a GC with non-uniform grooved teeth introduces challenges in fabrication and incurs higher costs. Thus, the proposed design can be useful for improving the testing abilities of the Si3N4 photonic chips used in transceiver systems.

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Chen, Shou Xiang, Xiu Lun Yang, Xiang Feng Meng, Yu Rong Wang, Lin Hui Wang e Guo Yan Dong. "Two-Dimensional Silicon Nitride Photonic Crystal Band Gap Characteristics". Key Engineering Materials 538 (gennaio 2013): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.538.201.

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Plane-wave expansion method was employed to analyze the photonic band gap in two-dimensional silicon nitride photonic crystal. The effects of filling ratio and lattice structure type on the photonic band gap were studied. The results showed that two-dimensional dielectric cylinder type silicon nitride photonic crystal only has TE mode band gap, while, the air column type photonic crystal has complete band gap for TE and TM modes simultaneously. The distribution of band gap can be influenced by the filling ratio of dielectric materials and the lattice type. It is shown that the triangular lattice structure is much easier to form band gap than square lattice structure.

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De Tommasi, Edoardo, Silvia Romano e Gianluigi Zito. "Blue-Noise-Based Disordered Photonic Structures Show Isotropic and Ultrawide Band Gaps". Optics 4, n. 4 (3 novembre 2023): 573–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/opt4040042.

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Spatially disordered but uniformly distributed point patterns characterized by so-called blue-noise long-range spatial correlations are of great benefit in computer graphics, especially in spatial dithering thanks to the spatial isotropy. Herein, the potential photonic properties of blue-noise disordered, homogeneous point processes based on farthest-point optimization are numerically investigated for silicon photonics. The photonic properties of blue-noise two-dimensional patterns are studied as a function of the filling fraction and benchmarked with photonic crystals with a triangular lattice. Ultrawide and omnidirectional photonic band gaps spanning most of the visible spectrum are found with estimates of gap–midgap ratios of up to 55.4% for transverse magnetic polarization, 59.4% for transverse electric polarization, and 32.7% for complete band gaps. The waveguiding effect in azimuthal defect lines is also numerically evaluated. These results corroborate the idea that long-range correlated disordered structures are helpful for engineering novel devices with the additional degree of freedom of spatial isotropy, and capable of bandgap opening even without total suppression of infinite-wavelength density fluctuations.

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Zhu, Kan, Zheng Wen Yang, Dong Yan, Zhi Guo Song, Da Cheng Zhou, Rong Fei Wang e Jian Bei Qiu. "Preparation and Upconversion Luminescence Properties of Tb³⁺-Yb³⁺ Co-Doped Phosphate Inverse Opals". Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (agosto 2011): 1227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1227.

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Upconversion (UC) luminescence photonic band gap materials Tb3+-Yb3+ co-doped phosphate inverse opal photonic crystals were prepared by a self-assembly technique in combination with a sol-gel method. The effect of photonic band gap on UC luminescence was investigated in inverse opals. Effective suppression of the UC luminescence was inspected if the photonic band gap overlapped with the emission band of Tb3+ ions.

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Zhdanova, N., A. Pakhomov, S. Rodionov, Yu Strokova, S. Svyakhovskiy e A. Saletskii. "Spectroscopic Analysis of Fluorescent Proteins Infiltrated into Photonic Crystals-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-". Журнал технической физики 129, n. 7 (2020): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2020.07.49561.47-20.

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Spectral properties of enhanced-green uorescent protein and monomeric red uorescent protein in porous photonic structures have been studied. The uorescent proteins were successfully inЛtrated into porous silicon photonic structures with dirent positions of the photonic band gap in visible spectral range. The intensity of uorescence is enhanced in the spectral regions of high photonic density of states. The possibility to control the uorescence spectra by the structure with the photonic band gap is demonstrated. Keywords: photonic crystals, porous silicon, uorescent proteins, photonic band gap.

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Márquez-Islas, R., B. Flores-Desirena e F. Pérez-Rodríguez. "Exciton Polaritons in One-Dimensional Metal-Semiconductor Photonic Crystals". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2008): 6584–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18429.

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We investigate theoretically the coupling of exciton with light in a one-dimensional photonic crystal. The unit cell of the crystal consists of two alternating layers, namely a metallic layer and a semiconductor one. The frequency-dependent dielectric function of the metal is described by the Drude model, whereas for the semiconductor we use a nonlocal excitonic dielectric function. The polariton dispersion for s-polarized modes in the metal-semiconductor photonic crystal is compared with that for a dielectric-semiconductor photonic crystal. Because of the metal layers, a low-frequency gap appears in the photonic band structure. The presence of the semiconductor gives rise to photonic bands associated with the coupling of light with size-quantized excitón states. At frequencies above the longitudinal exciton frequency, the photonic band structure exhibits anticrossing phenomena produced by the upper exciton–polariton mode and size-quantized excitons. It is found that the anticrossing phenomena in the metal-semiconductor photonic crystal occur at higher frequencies in comparison with the dielectric-semiconductor case.

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SURYADHARMA, RADIUS N. S., ALEXANDER A. ISKANDAR e MAY-ON TJIA. "OVERLAPPING TE AND TM BAND GAPS IN SQUARE LATTICE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL OF HOLLOW DIELECTRIC RODS". Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 21, n. 01 (marzo 2012): 1250008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863512500087.

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A numerical study is performed on photonic band gap of 2D square lattice photonic crystal with varied layered dielectric rods by using the plane wave expansion method for the purpose of investigating the effects of geometrical and permittivity variations. The results show that in general the TE and TM band gaps do not coexist in the band structure of this layered rods system. However, for a specific choice of the system parameters leading to a photonic crystals of hollow dielectric rods, both TE and TM photonic band structures feature perceptible band gaps with significant overlap, yielding effective complete photonic band gaps (CPBG). The study further shows that the CPBG can be enlarged by varying both radii of the hollow rods. It is found that a large CPBG can be attained which is comparable in size with those found in hexagonal lattice photonic crystal of air holes as well as square lattice photonic crystal rods incorporating dielectric veins.

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Li, Zhi-Yuan, Lan-Lan Lin, Ben-Yuan Gu e Guo-Zhen Yang. "Photonic band gaps in anisotropic photonic crystals". Physica B: Condensed Matter 279, n. 1-3 (aprile 2000): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(99)00708-5.

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Khoroshko, L. S., A. V. Baglov e A. A. Hnitsko. "MODELING OF MULTILAYER ULTRATHIN-FILM PHOTONIC CRYSTALS FOR SELECTIVE FILTERS". Doklady BGUIR, n. 7 (125) (7 dicembre 2019): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2019-125-7-88-94.

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The aim of the work was to study the optical properties of the one-dimensional photonic crystals from ultrathin alternating layers of titanium and silicon oxides with different order of alternating layers to form defective half-wave layers in the bulk of the photonic crystal. The layer thicknesses were optimized by the dispersion of the refractive index and it was shown that for the formation of 16-layer photonic crystal structure without a half-wave layer with a photonic band gap in the UV region, it is necessary to use layers of titanium dioxide and silicon oxide with a thickness of 28.3 and 53.2 nm, respectively. The structure of the 26-layer photonic crystal with a thickness of 2130 nm with two non-equidistant half-wave layers forming resonant transmission bands in the photonic band gap with peaks at 550 and 601 nm is proposed. Due to the dispersion of the refractive index, the ratio of the thicknesses of TiO2:SiO2 layers varies from 1:1.88 in the case of a 16-layer structure with a photonic band gap in the UV region to 1:1.5 in the case of a 26-layer structure with a photonic band gap in the visible range . The effect of a photonic crystal structure without half-wave layers on the emission spectrum of a liquid crystal display manufactured using IPS technology has been demonstrated in order to reduce the intensity of the blue component to increase the safety of the user's vision. The using of the photonic crystals with two half-wave defective layers allows to achieve complete separation of the spectrum components, which can be used to modify the spectra of large liquid crystal panels, their manufacture using AMOLED technology is a very difficult technological task even for leaders in this field.

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Moghimi, M., S. Mirzakuchaki, N. Granpayeh, N. Nozhat e G. H. Darvish. "Modification of photonic crystals for obtaining common band gaps for TE and TM waves". Canadian Journal of Physics 90, n. 2 (febbraio 2012): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p2012-001.

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The band gaps of the two-dimensional photonic crystals, created by inhomogeneous triangular photonic crystal of variable central hexagonal holes are derived. The structure is made of air holes in GaAs. We present the best absolute photonic band gap for this structure by changing the holes’ radii. The photonic band gaps are calculated by the plane wave expansion method. The results indicate 95% overlap in the band gaps of both polarizations of TE and TM in triangular lattice.

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Jayawardana, K. B. S. K. B., e K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Body Centered Photonic Crystal". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 66 (maggio 2016): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.66.96.

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The photonic energy bands of body centered cubic photonic crystals formed from SiO2, GaP, Si, InAs, GaAs, InP, Ge and BaSrTiO3 dielectric spheres drilled in air and air holes drilled in these dielectric mediums were calculated using the plane wave expansion method. The filling factor for each dielectric material was changed until a complete energy gap was obtained and then the density of states was calculated. There were no complete band gaps for air spheres drilled in these eight dielectric mediums. The lattice constants were determined by using wavelengths in the region . The variation of the band gap widths with the filling factor and the variation of gap width to midgap frequency ratios with dielectric contrast were investigated. The largest band gap width of 0.021 for normalized frequency was obtained for GaP for the filling factor of 0.0736. The mode filed distributions were obtained by guiding a telecommunication wave with wavelength through a photonic cell formed from GaP spheres in air with a filling factor of 0.0736 for transverse electric and magnetic modes.

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Jayawardana, K. B. S. K. B., e K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Body Centered Photonic Crystal". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 66 (30 maggio 2016): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-73d88p.

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The photonic energy bands of body centered cubic photonic crystals formed from SiO2, GaP, Si, InAs, GaAs, InP, Ge and BaSrTiO3 dielectric spheres drilled in air and air holes drilled in these dielectric mediums were calculated using the plane wave expansion method. The filling factor for each dielectric material was changed until a complete energy gap was obtained and then the density of states was calculated. There were no complete band gaps for air spheres drilled in these eight dielectric mediums. The lattice constants were determined by using wavelengths in the region . The variation of the band gap widths with the filling factor and the variation of gap width to midgap frequency ratios with dielectric contrast were investigated. The largest band gap width of 0.021 for normalized frequency was obtained for GaP for the filling factor of 0.0736. The mode filed distributions were obtained by guiding a telecommunication wave with wavelength through a photonic cell formed from GaP spheres in air with a filling factor of 0.0736 for transverse electric and magnetic modes.

34

Du, Lianlian, Yahong Liu, Xin Zhou, Liyun Tao, Meize Li, Huiling Ren, Ruonan Ji, Kun Song, Xiaopeng Zhao e Miguel Navarro-Cía. "Dual-band all-dielectric chiral photonic crystal". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, n. 16 (26 gennaio 2022): 165303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac4768.

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Abstract We present an all-dielectric chiral photonic crystal that guides the propagation of electromagnetic waves without backscattering for dual bands. The chiral photonic crystal unit cell is composed of four dielectric cylinders with increasing inner diameter clockwise or anticlockwise, which leads to chirality. It is demonstrated that the proposed chiral photonic crystal can generate dual band gaps in the gigahertz frequency range and has two types of edge states, which is similar to topologically protected edge states. Hence, the interface formed by the proposed 2D chiral photonic crystal can guide the propagation of electromagnetic waves without backscattering, and this complete propagation is immune to defects (position disorder or frequency disorder). To illustrate the applicability of the findings in communication systems, we report a duplexer and a power divider based on the presented all-dielectric chiral photonic crystal.

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Fan, S. S., R. Guo, Z. Y. Li e W. H. Huang. "Simulation of 3D Layer-By-Layer Photonic Crystals". Solid State Phenomena 121-123 (marzo 2007): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.121-123.1165.

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3D layer-by-layer photonic crystals possess a full photonic band gap. Simulation of 3D layer-by-layer photonic crystals can optimize the parameters of the photonic crystals to get useful photonic band gap by solving Maxwell’s equations using the plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method. The relations between the parameters (rod pitch a, rod width w, rod thickness h and rod refractive index n) and the photonic band gap have been simulated. We also have fabricated a 3D layer-by-layer photonic crystal with femtosecond laser microfabrication technique through two-photon-absorption photopolymerization of resin. Its reflection spectra have been detected which agree with the simulation result.

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Nisha, Narendra Kumar e Bhuvneshwer Suthar. "Design of Linear Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Periodically Magnetized Cold Plasma". Journal of Condensed Matter 1, n. 01 (1 giugno 2023): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.61343/jcm.v1i01.4.

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We have analyzed the impact of a linear magnetic field on the photonic band gaps exhibited by bulk cold plasma, under external square-wave-like periodic magnetic field of fixed magnitude, conceived as an extrinsic photonic crystal. Here photonic band gaps are determined using transfer matrix method (TMM). Here, the impact of an additional linear magnetic field is determined on the band gaps of plasma photonic crystal with constant magnitude of square like periodic magnetic field, for normal incidence. We determine how the additional and magnetic magnetic field affects the photonic band structure (PBS) and reflectance for such extrinsic photonic crystal. It is noted that, as we increase the additional applied magnetic field, the central frequency of band gaps is shifted toward higher frequency regions in GHz. The band edge increases linearly with the applied magnetic field. The shifting in lower band edge less as compared to upper edge. Sensor is a device which detect the stimuli and give output, and many physical parameters can be measured by sensors. The shifting of band edges can be utilized in design of magnetic field sensor. Here shifting in band gaps by variation in the additional applied magnetic field are determined. The larger value of sensitivity gives a good result for sensing-based application. This analysis is based on the band gaps of extrinsic photonic crystal, and can be employed in design of magnetic field sensor with good sensitivity. Moreover, it can find applications in tunable optical devices.

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Wang, Hongfei, Xiujuan Zhang, Jinguo Hua, Dangyuan Lei, Minghui Lu e Yanfeng Chen. "Topological physics of non-Hermitian optics and photonics: a review". Journal of Optics 23, n. 12 (25 ottobre 2021): 123001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac2e15.

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Abstract The notion of non-Hermitian optics and photonics rooted in quantum mechanics and photonic systems has recently attracted considerable attention ushering in tremendous progress on theoretical foundations and photonic applications, benefiting from the flexibility of photonic platforms. In this review, we first introduce the non-Hermitian topological physics from the symmetry of matrices and complex energy spectra to the characteristics of Jordan normal forms, exceptional points, biorthogonal eigenvectors, Bloch/non-Bloch band theories, topological invariants and topological classifications. We further review diverse non-Hermitian system branches ranging from classical optics, quantum photonics to disordered systems, nonlinear dynamics and optomechanics according to various physical equivalences and experimental implementations. In particular, we include cold atoms in optical lattices in quantum photonics due to their operability at quantum regimes. Finally, we summarize recent progress and limitations in this emerging field, giving an outlook on possible future research directions in theoretical frameworks and engineering aspects.

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Vicencio Poblete, Rodrigo A. "Photonic flat band dynamics". Advances in Physics: X 6, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2021): 1878057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1878057.

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Yablonovitch, E. "Photonic band-gap structures". Journal of the Optical Society of America B 10, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1993): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.10.000283.

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Hermann, Daniel, Meikel Frank, Kurt Busch e Peter Wölfle. "Photonic band structure computations". Optics Express 8, n. 3 (29 gennaio 2001): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000167.

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Longhi, Stefano. "Photonic flat-band laser". Optics Letters 44, n. 2 (8 gennaio 2019): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.000287.

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Pendry, J. B. "Calculating photonic band structure". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 8, n. 9 (26 febbraio 1996): 1085–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/8/9/003.

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Jovanović, Dj, B. Nikolić, T. Radić, D. M. Djokić e R. Gajić. "Uncoupled photonic band gaps". Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications 10, n. 4 (ottobre 2012): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2012.06.006.

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Yablonovitch, E. "Photonic band-gap crystals". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 5, n. 16 (19 aprile 1993): 2443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/5/16/004.

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SOTO-PUEBLA, DIEGO, FELIPE RAMOS-MENDIETA e MUFEI XIAO. "DISORDER-TUNABLE PHOTONIC PROPERTIES OF PERIODIC DIELECTRIC/METAL SUPERLATTICES". International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, n. 01 (10 gennaio 2004): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204023763.

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Influences of perturbative disorders to the photonic properties of one-dimensional periodic dielectric/metal superlattices have been numerically studied. In the calculations, two different disorders were considered, i.e. the disorder in position and in thickness of the metallic layers. Significant modifications induced by the disorders have been found in the photonic band structures. The modifications vary according to the type as well as the degree of the disorders. Both enhanced and attenuated transmissions have been observed in the photonic band gap. Detailed discussions on the calculated photonic band structures would provide useful information on how to obtain desired photonic band structures by introducing certain disorders.

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Kazanskiy, Nikolai Lvovich, e Muhammad Ali Butt. "One-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide based on SOI platform for transverse magnetic polarization-maintaining devices". Photonics Letters of Poland 12, n. 3 (30 settembre 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v12i3.1044.

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In this letter, a TM-polarization C-band pass one-dimensional photonic crystal strip waveguide (1D-PCSW) is presented. The waveguide structure is based on a silicon-on-insulator platform which is easy to realize using standard CMOS technology. The numerical study is conducted via 3D-finite element method (FEM). The transmittance and polarization extinction ratio (PER) is enhanced by optimizing the geometric parameters of the device. As a result, a TM polarized light can travel in the waveguide with ~2 dB loss for all C-band telecommunication wavelength window whereas the TE polarized light suffers a high transmission loss of >30 dB. As a result, a PER of ~28.5 dB can be obtained for the whole C-band wavelengths range. The total length of the proposed device is around 8.4 µm long including 1 µm silicon strip waveguide segment on both ends. Based on our study presented in this paper, several photonic devices can be realized where strict polarization filtering is required. Full Text: PDF ReferencesB. Wang, S. Blaize, R.S-Montiel, "Nanoscale plasmonic TM-pass polarizer integrated on silicon photonics", Nanoscale, 11, 20685 (2019). CrossRef D. Dai, J.E. Bowers, "Silicon-based on-chip multiplexing technologies and devices for Peta-bit optical interconnects", Nanophotonics, 3, 283 (2014). CrossRef M.A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Optical elements based on silicon photonics", Computer Optics, 43, 1079 (2019). CrossRef M.A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Compact design of a polarization beam splitter based on silicon-on-insulator platform", Laser Physics, 28, 116202 (2018). CrossRef M.A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "A T-shaped 1 × 8 balanced optical power splitter based on 90° bend asymmetric vertical slot waveguides", Laser Physics, 29, 046207 (2019). CrossRef Q. Wang, S.-T. Ho, "Ultracompact TM-Pass Silicon Nanophotonic Waveguide Polarizer and Design", IEEE Photonics J., 2, 49 (2010). CrossRef C.-H. Chen, L. Pang, C.-H. Tsai, U. Levy, Y. Fainman, "Compact and integrated TM-pass waveguide polarizer", Opt. Express, 13, 5347 (2005). CrossRef S. Yuan, Y. Wang, Q. Huang, J. Xia, J. Yu, "Ultracompact TM-pass/TE-reflected integrated polarizer based on a hybrid plasmonic waveguide for silicon photonics", in 11th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) (IEEE, 2014), pp. 183-184. CrossRef X. Guan, P. Chen, S. Chen, P. Xu, Y. Shi, D. Dai, "Low-loss ultracompact transverse-magnetic-pass polarizer with a silicon subwavelength grating waveguide", Opt. Lett., 39, 4514 (2014). CrossRef A.E.- S. Abd-Elkader, M.F. O. Hameed, N.F. Areed, H.E.-D. Mostafa, and S.S. Obayya, "Ultracompact AZO-based TE-pass and TM-pass hybrid plasmonic polarizers", J.Opt. Soc. Am. B., 36, 652 (2019). CrossRef J. Li et al., "Photonic Crystal Waveguide Electro-Optic Modulator With a Wide Bandwidth", Journal of Lightwave Technology, 31, 1601-1607 (2013). CrossRef N. Skivesen et al., "Photonic-crystal waveguide biosensor", Optics Express, 15, 3169-3176 (2007). CrossRef S. Lin, J. Hu, L. Kimerling, K. Crozier, "Design of nanoslotted photonic crystal waveguide cavities for single nanoparticle trapping and detection", Optics Letters, 34, 3451-3453 (2009). CrossRef T. Liu, A.R. Zakharian, M. Fallahi, J.V. Moloney, M. Mansuripur, "Design of a compact photonic-crystal-based polarizing beam splitter", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 17, 1435-1437 (2005). CrossRef R. K. Sinha, Y. Kalra, "Design of optical waveguide polarizer using photonic band gap", Optics Express, 14, 10790 (2006). CrossRef

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Yan, Zhang, e Shi Jun-Jie. "Enlargement of Photonic Band Gaps and Physical Picture of Photonic Band Structures". Chinese Physics Letters 23, n. 3 (24 febbraio 2006): 639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/23/3/032.

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Dixit, Achyutesh, e Praveen Chandra Pandey. "Off-axis photonic bands of hexagonal plasma photonic crystal fiber containing elliptical holes with defect of high index material for nonlinear waves by PWE method". Modern Physics Letters B 31, n. 14 (18 maggio 2017): 1750156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917501561.

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A novel model of hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (PCF) composed of fluoride-doped silicate and plasma materials for estimating the off-axis band structure has been presented. The well-known plane wave expansion (PWE) method has been adopted for the analysis of band structure. We have observed the influence of intensity of field on photonic band gap (PBG) by creating different types of defect in the holes of the PCF structure for the design of waveguide and narrow-band filter. A dynamic shift in bands and photonic band gaps (PBGs) has been reported and compared with other designs. The PCF containing the defect of high index material in the presence of plasma has been found to be more suitable to control the propagation of photon for nonlinear waves. The PWE calculations have shown that the four off-axis PBGs for the different contribution of plasma holes could exceed by 1.0 normalized frequency or they could compensate within 0.24 normalized frequencies on introducing alternate distribution of high index material like SF57 in the cladding.

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Liu, Zhen Dong, Bo Li e Ji Zhou. "Photoluminescence Properties of SiO₂:Tb³⁺ Inverse Opal with Tunable Photonic Band Gap". Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (maggio 2013): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.155.

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Temperature tunable photonic crystals were fabricated based on liquid-infiltrated inverse opal films which were prepared by Tb3+doped SiO2with a sol-gel method. The photoluminescence was investigated with the photonic band gap shift tuned by temperature. The results show that obvious suppression of spontaneous emission occurs when the photonic band gap overlaps with the Tb3+emission band, while enhancement of the emission is observed if the emission band shifts at the edge of the band gap.

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Zhang, Tingshuang. "Two-dimensional silicon-based dielectric column photonic crystal point defect microcavity Neural network modelling". International Journal of Materials Science and Technology Studies 1, n. 1 (25 marzo 2024): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijmsts.v1n1.13.

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In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to predict the microcavity photonic energy bands of point defects in two-dimensional silicon-based dielectric column photonic crystals, this paper proposes a method to predict the microcavity photonic energy bands of point defects in two-dimensional silicon-based photonic crystals by using an artificial neural network model. In this paper, the energy band structure of triangular lattice point defects at different radii is calculated using MPB, and a neural network model is established based on this data and the accuracy of the established model is verified.

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