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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Pheromones"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 agosto 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Pheromones"

Fowler, Thomas J., Susan M. DeSimone, Michael F. Mitton, Janet Kurjan e Carlene A. Raper. "Multiple Sex Pheromones and Receptors of a Mushroom-producing Fungus Elicit Mating in Yeast". Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, n. 8 (agosto 1999): 2559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.8.2559.

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The mushroom-producing fungus Schizophyllum communehas thousands of mating types defined, in part, by numerous lipopeptide pheromones and their G protein-linked receptors. Compatible combinations of pheromones and receptors encoded by different mating types regulate a pathway of sexual development leading to mushroom formation and meiosis. A complex set of pheromone–receptor interactions maximizes the likelihood of outbreeding; for example, a single pheromone can activate more than one receptor and a single receptor can be activated by more than one pheromone. The current study demonstrates that the sex pheromones and receptors of Schizophyllum, when expressed inSaccharomyces cerevisiae, can substitute for endogenous pheromone and receptor and induce the yeast pheromone response pathway through the yeast G protein. Secretion of activeSchizophyllum pheromone requires some, but not all, of the biosynthetic machinery used by the yeast lipopeptide pheromonea-factor. The specificity of interaction among pheromone–receptor pairs in Schizophyllum was reproduced in yeast, thus providing a powerful system for exploring molecular aspects of pheromone–receptor interactions for a class of seven-transmembrane-domain receptors common to a wide range of organisms.

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Mazzatenta, Andrea, Serena Fiorito, Roberto Guadagnini, Salvatore Genovese, Alberto Valentini, Federica Bonadiman, Sofia Guadagnini, Francesco Epifano e Adriano Mollica. "The Evanescent Bouquet of Individual Bear Fingerprint". Animals 13, n. 2 (6 gennaio 2023): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13020220.

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The evanescent and invisible communication carried by chemical signals, pheromones, or signature mixtures or, as we prefer, the pheromonal individual fingerprint, between members of the same species is poorly studied in mammals, mainly because of the lack of identification of the molecules. The difference between pheromones and the pheromonal individual fingerprint is that the former generate stereotyped innate responses while the latter requires learning, i.e., different receivers can learn different signature mixtures from the same individual. Furthermore, pheromones are usually produced by a particular gland, while the pheromonal individual fingerprint is the entire bouquet produced by the entire secreting gland of the body. In the present study, we aim to investigate the pheromonal individual fingerprint of brown bears in northern Italy. We collected the entire putative pheromone bouquet from all production sites in free-ranging bears and analyzed the entire crude extract to profile the individual fingerprint according to species-, sex- and subjective-specific characteristics. We were able to putatively characterize the brown bears’ pheromonal individual fingerprints and compare them with the partial pheromone identifications published by other studies. This work is a step forward in the study of the complexity of chemical communication, particularly in a solitary endangered species.

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Tirindelli, Roberto, Michele Dibattista, Simone Pifferi e Anna Menini. "From Pheromones to Behavior". Physiological Reviews 89, n. 3 (luglio 2009): 921–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00037.2008.

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In recent years, considerable progress has been achieved in the comprehension of the profound effects of pheromones on reproductive physiology and behavior. Pheromones have been classified as molecules released by individuals and responsible for the elicitation of specific behavioral expressions in members of the same species. These signaling molecules, often chemically unrelated, are contained in body fluids like urine, sweat, specialized exocrine glands, and mucous secretions of genitals. The standard view of pheromone sensing was based on the assumption that most mammals have two separated olfactory systems with different functional roles: the main olfactory system for recognizing conventional odorant molecules and the vomeronasal system specifically dedicated to the detection of pheromones. However, recent studies have reexamined this traditional interpretation showing that both the main olfactory and the vomeronasal systems are actively involved in pheromonal communication. The current knowledge on the behavioral, physiological, and molecular aspects of pheromone detection in mammals is discussed in this review.

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Koyama, Sachiko, Helena A. Soini, John Foley, Milos V. Novotny e Cary Lai. "Pheromone-induced cell proliferation in the murine subventricular zone". Biochemical Society Transactions 42, n. 4 (1 agosto 2014): 882–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20140112.

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Enhancement of adult neurogenesis in female mice was previously demonstrated through exposure to soiled bedding from males, although the identity of relevant chemosignals has remained unknown. The farnesenes and SBT (2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole) are male murine pheromones that dominant males secrete at higher levels. Previous studies have shown that they induce oestrus in female mice. We have recently shown that these pheromones strongly increase cell proliferation in the SVZ (subventricular zone) of adult female mice. In addition, we found that a female murine pheromone, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, facilitates similar changes in males. 2,5-dimethylpyrazine is a female pheromone that is secreted when females are housed in large groups and it was originally found to suppress oestrus in females. We found that it does not have suppressive effect on the cell proliferation in the SVZ of females. Similarly, male murine pheromones, SBT and the farnesenes, do not show a suppressive effect on the cell proliferation in the SVZ of males. Our results demonstrated that pheromonal communication between males and females has strong stimulatory effect on both the reproductive physiology and brain cell proliferation, but intrasex pheromonal exchanges do not reduce progenitor proliferation in these brain regions.

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Jumean, Zaid, Eloise Rowland, Gary J. R. Judd e Gerhard Gries. "Male and female Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) larvae produce and respond to aggregation pheromone". Canadian Entomologist 136, n. 6 (dicembre 2004): 871–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n04-050.

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Insect aggregation pheromones are defined as chemical substances produced by members of one or both sexes that induce members of both sexes to form aggregations (Borden 1984). Aggregation pheromones are typically emitted by and attract adult insects. Interestingly, larvae of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), seeking pupation sites will aggregate in response to pheromone produced by cocoon-spinning conspecific larvae (Duthie et al. 2003). Such aggregations may be part of a mating strategy in which protandrous males are arrested by sex pheromone emanating from mature female pupae, thus allowing mating to ensue as soon as a female moth ecloses (Duthie et al. 2003). The cocoon-derived pheromone also attracts the specialist prepupal parasitoid Mastrus ridibundus Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), which “eavesdrops” on pheromonal communication of cocoon-spinning larvae (Jumean et al. 2004).

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Balykina, E. B., V. E. Glebov, D. A. Korzh, N. I. Kulakova, A. E. Nesterenkova, V. M. Rastegaeva, N. N. Trikoz e A. K. Sharmagiy. "Development of a pheromone preparation for the detection and monitoring of boxwood moth Cydalima perspectalis Walker". Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, n. 134 (9 aprile 2020): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/0513-1634-2020-134-138-143.

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The results of field tests of different variants of synthetic pheromone blends and pheromone dispenser developed by the Department of synthesis and application of pheromones of the FSFI " All-Russia Plant Quarantine Center" for identification and monitoring boxwood moth is a dangerous invasive pest of boxwood in the Republic of the Crimea; the optimal material of the pheromone’s carrier is determined, the effective ratio and dosage are proposed.

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Wu, Chunyan, Feng Zhang, Youssef Dewer, Jinping Zhang e Fengqi Li. "Exploration of Candidate Genes Involved in the Biosynthesis, Regulation and Recognition of the Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of Halyomorpha halys". Insects 14, n. 2 (8 febbraio 2023): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14020163.

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The aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is produced by adult males, and plays an important role in the behavioral regulation of H. halys. However, information on the molecular mechanisms underlying this pheromone’s biosynthesis is limited. In this study, HhTPS1, a key candidate synthase gene in the aggregation pheromone biosynthesis pathway of H. halys, was identified. Then, through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, the candidate P450 enzyme genes in the biosynthetic downstream of this pheromone and the related candidate transcription factor in this pathway were also identified. In addition, two olfactory-related genes, HhCSP5 and HhOr85b, involved in the recognition of the aggregation pheromone of H. halys, were detected. We further identified the key amino acid sites of HhTPS1 and HhCSP5 that interact with substrates by using molecular docking analysis. This study provides basic information for further investigations into the biosynthesis pathways and recognition mechanisms of aggregation pheromones in H. halys. It also provides key candidate genes for bioengineering bioactive aggregation pheromones necessary for the development of technologies for the monitoring and control of H. halys.

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Rajchard, J. "Sex pheromones in amphibians: a review ". Veterinární Medicína 50, No. 9 (28 marzo 2012): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5637-vetmed.

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Amphibians are interesting animals, very often kept by aquarists and vivarists. Their ability of intraspecific chemical signalization belongs to very interesting biological features. The skin glands of anurans secrete various biologically active compounds. The pheromones are peptides consisting of various numbers of amino acid residues and their synthesis is regulated by hormones (e.g. prolactin and androgens). Similarly, the responsiveness of the vomeronasal epithelium to some of these compounds is enhanced by some hormonal substances (prolactin and oestrogen). Hypophyseal hormones, arginine vasotocin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone are involved in the humoral regulation of pheromone discharge. The storage of some compounds with pheromonal activity in a biologically inactive form was also proved. The pheromones have an important role in sexual relationships. These chemosignals increase female receptivity and are probably involved in the mate choice. The courtship pheromone signals may be conserved across related species. Chemosignals play an important role in female attraction and/or territorial announcement. In addition to sex pheromones, various neuropeptides, antimicrobial and other biologically active peptides were found in skin glands of these amphibians. The infochemical system can be disturbed by a chemical influence in the environment.

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Chalissery, Jaime M., Asim Renyard, Regine Gries, Danielle Hoefele, Santosh Kumar Alamsetti e Gerhard Gries. "Ants Sense, and Follow, Trail Pheromones of Ant Community Members". Insects 10, n. 11 (1 novembre 2019): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10110383.

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Ants deposit trail pheromones that guide nestmates to food sources. We tested the hypotheses that ant community members (Western carpenter ants, Camponotus modoc; black garden ants, Lasius niger; European fire ants, Myrmica rubra) (1) sense, and follow, each other’s trail pheromones, and (2) fail to recognize trail pheromones of allopatric ants (pavement ants, Tetramorium caespitum; desert harvester ants, Novomessor albisetosus; Argentine ants, Linepithema humilis). In gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection analyses of a six-species synthetic trail pheromone blend (6-TPB), La. niger, Ca. modoc, and M. rubra sensed the trail pheromones of all community members and unexpectedly that of T. caespitum. Except for La. niger, all species did not recognize the trail pheromones of N. albisetosus and Li. humilis. In bioassays, La. niger workers followed the 6-TPB trail for longer distances than their own trail pheromone, indicating an additive effect of con- and hetero-specific pheromones on trail-following. Moreover, Ca. modoc workers followed the 6-TPB and their own trail pheromones for similar distances, indicating no adverse effects of heterospecific pheromones on trail-following. Our data show that ant community members eavesdrop on each other’s trail pheromones, and that multiple pheromones can be combined in a lure that guides multiple species of pest ants to lethal food baits.

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Pham, Hieu T., Kathryn B. McNamara e Mark A. Elgar. "Socially cued anticipatory adjustment of female signalling effort in a moth". Biology Letters 16, n. 12 (dicembre 2020): 20200614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0614.

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Juvenile population density has profound effects on subsequent adult development, morphology and reproductive investment. Yet, little is known about how the juvenile social environment affects adult investment into chemical sexual signalling. Male gumleaf skeletonizer moths, Uraba lugens, facultatively increase investment into antennae (pheromone receiving structures) when reared at low juvenile population densities, but whether there is comparable adjustment by females into pheromone investment is not known. We investigate how juvenile population density influences the ‘calling' (pheromone-releasing) behaviour of females and the attractiveness of their pheromones. Female U. lugens adjust their calling behaviour in response to socio-sexual cues: adult females reared in high juvenile population densities called earlier and for longer than those from low juvenile densities. Juvenile density also affected female pheromonal attractiveness: Y-maze olfactometer assays revealed that males prefer pheromones produced by females reared at high juvenile densities. This strategic investment in calling behaviour by females, based on juvenile cues that anticipate the future socio-sexual environment, likely reflects a response to avoid mating failure through competition with neighbouring signallers.

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Tesi sul tema "Pheromones"

Lundström, Johan N. "Human Pheromones : Psychological and Neurological Modulation of a Putative Human Pheromone". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Psychology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5880.

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The notion that humans have specialized chemicals used for communication between conspecifics, so-called pheromones, has attracted much attention and discussion. This thesis demonstrates in four separate studies that a human endogenous steroidal compound that is abundant in male sweat, androstadienone, affects women in several ways that differ to that of common odors. Specifically, androstadienone was found in Study I to have unique psychophysical characteristics in that the sensitivity distribution of the odor is bimodal with a smaller subpopulation consisting of highly sensitive individuals. Trigeminal mediation of this bimodality was experimentally excluded. Moreover, Study II demonstrated that women’s cortical activation of androstadienone exposure was found to differ to that of common odorants in that androstadienone was processed faster than two perceptually similar control odors. It was further demonstrated that a non-detectable amount of androstadienone can reliably modulate both mood and physiology in women (Study III & IV); in particular mood referring to attention processes. Study IV showed that androstadienone-induced mood changes in heterosexual women were only evident when the experiment was administered by an experimenter of different sex. The combined results from these studies suggest that androstadienone serves as a human modulator pheromone that guides our behavior by inducing subtle changes in higher cognitive processes in relation to the ecological context at hand. A new definition of human pheromones is proposed and discussed in relation to the obtained results.

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Tuck, Kellie Louise. "The asymmetric synthesis of (+)-grandisol : a thesis submitted towards the degree of Doctor of Philosophy". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pht8891.pdf.

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Copy of author's previously published article inserted. Bibliography: leaves 192-197. The pheromone (+)-grandisol was synthesized. Optical activity was induced in the primary alcohol by a kinetic resolution reaction which involved the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction.

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Wimalaratne, Priyantha Dharshana Chandanakumara. "Identification and synthesis of moth pheromones". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ37771.pdf.

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Henry, Elizabeth Judith. "The synthesis of insect sex pheromones". Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481279.

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Parker, Jane Elizabeth. "Identification and synthesis of hymenopteran pheromones". Thesis, Keele University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483603.

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GC-MS analysis of Camponotus floridanus revealed that queens and workers differ significantly in their cuticular hyrdrocarbons (CHC's) and surface compounds of their eggs. The CHC profiles comprised a complex mixture of straight and branched alkanes. Bioassays showed that the hydrocarbons on queens and queen eggs carry a signal that prevents workers from laying eggs and protects queen eggs from worker policing. GC-MS analysis also showed that the CHC's of C.jloridanus queens and workers and C. tortuganus workers differ between colonies. Synthesis of queen specific compounds was carried out in order to prepare a synthetic queen blend for use in bioassays. A synthetic route towards central-l ,5-dimethylalkanes was developed employing 3-methyl thiophene as a building block being sequentially acylated and reduced. A synthetic route towards 3-methyl carboxylic acids was also developed utilising the Homer-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction. The thiophene methodology was also used to prepare mono-methylalkanes and 3,X-dimethylalkanes. The metapleural glands of Acromyrmex echinator and its associated parasite Ainsinuator were analysed by GC-MS to compare the profiles of the two species. The 24 compounds identified included a range of carboxylic acids, lactones and ketoacids. The gland contents of the two species were found to be very similar. This was surprising as it was expected that the parasite would produce a lower number and amount of compounds due to the energy costs associated with their production. Attempts to further develop a synthetic route towards alkyl pyrazines was undertaken. Nitroalcohols were prepared from nitroalkanes and aldehdydes using alumina as a surface catalyst. Oxidation to nitroketones used pyridinium chlorochromate on silica and ultrasound. Attempts at the synthesis of tri and tetra substitued pyrazines were partially successful but not conclusive.

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Amarawardana, Lakmali. "The chemical diversity of midge pheromones". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2009. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/5656/.

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The hypothesis that midge sex pheromones could be chemically more diverse in structure than previously thought was tested in the context of four midge species of importance to UK horticulture: pear leaf midge, Dasineura pyri; pear midge, Contarinia pyrivora; blackcurrant midge, D. tetensi; and blackberry midge, D. plicatrix. The major component of the pheromone of D. pyri was identified as (2R, 13R, 8Z)-2, 13-diacetoxy-8-heptadecene. Four isomers were separated by HPLC and in field tests the first eluting isomer only was attractive to male midges. Analysis of volatile collections from female C. pyrivora showed two consistent responses from male midges and they were identified as 2,7-diacetoxyundecane and 7-acetoxyundecane-2-one. The field testing with isomers of 2,7-diacetoxyundecane separated by HPLC revealed that the first and the third eluting isomers were attractive. The racemic 7-acetoxyundecane-2-one was active as well as the first eluting isomer from HPLC. Two EAG active components were detected in D. tetensi female volatile collections. The major component was identified as (Z)-2,12-diacetoxy-8-heptadecene and after separation of stereoisomers by HPLC the third eluting isomer has shown to be attractive to male D. tetensi in the field. The structure for the minor component was proposed as a keto-acetate homologue of the corresponding major component. Preliminary work carried out on identification of the female sex pheromone of D. plicatrix indicated two responses from conspecific males. These were shown to be 15-carbon acetates with the acetate function at C-2, probably with two and one double bonds respectively.

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Schwartz, Brett David. "Synthesis and biosynthesis of insect derived spiroacetal pheromones /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19145.pdf.

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Berry, Fiona Catherine. "The behavioural function of pheromones in crayfish". Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5756.

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Pacifastacus leniusculus and Procambarus clarkii are highly invasive freshwater crayfish and are having detrimental impacts on native species and habitats throughout Europe. The application of pheromone baits have been proposed as a way of increasing trap efficiency for population control, however the chemical identity of crayfish pheromones is unknown. An incomplete understanding of chemical communication has delayed progress in the development of appropriate bioassays. This thesis therefore focused on researching the natural context of chemical signalling by crayfish, including signal delivery and receiver response. Urine release by male and female crayfish was found to coincide with aggressive behaviours rather than reproductive behaviours. Female urine release was essential for initiating mating, with males detecting female receptivity by spying on hormones and metabolites released with threat signals. Physiological indicators of reception included a brief cardiac and ventilatory arrest followed by an increase in rate. Both behavioural and physiological responses formed the basis of a novel assay design. During courtship male crayfish do not appear to advertise by urine signals. This raised the question of whether chemical signals were important for female assessment of the quality of size-matched males. When given a free choice, females could not distinguish dominant and subordinate males through chemical signals alone. This suggests that females either use other criteria (e.g. size) for mate choice or perform cryptic postcopulatory mate choice. Blocking natural urine release of crayfish, which had previously fought to establish dominance, and artificially introducing urinary signals proved an effective bioassay for investigating the mechanisms of dominance hierarchy formation. Urine from the dominant male was the key factor in establishing dominance relationships. In the absence of dominant urine, subordinate males were less likely to retreat from aggressive bouts and fights were more intense. The mechanisms of signal delivery during agonistic encounters were investigated by measuring ventilatory activity. Increased ventilation rate was associated with highly aggressive behaviours and urinary signalling. This indicated crayfish create gill currents to disperse signals and increase transfer efficiency from sender to receiver. This thesis sheds light into the mechanism of chemical communication in crayfish and provides the basis for future bioassay guided purification of crayfish pheromones.

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Langhoff, Pia. "Speciation genes in native New Zealand leafroller moths". Thesis, e-Thesis University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5718.

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Boden, Christopher David John. "Towards a viable grain beetle lure : practical syntheses of Cucujolides and behavioural studies with Oryzaephilus surinamensis". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359086.

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Libri sul tema "Pheromones"

Free, John B. Pheromones of social bees. London: Chapman and Hall, 1987.

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Free, John Brand. Pheromones of social bees. London: Chapman and Hall, 1987.

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Sorensen, Peter W., e Brian D. Wisenden, a cura di. Fish Pheromones and Related Cues. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118794739.

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Geiger, Timothy. The curse of pheromones: Poems. Charlotte, NC: Main Street Rag Pub. Co., 2008.

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Skirkevičius, Algirdas. Pheromones: Reference book = Feromonai : žinynas. Vilnius: Institute of Ecology, Vilnius Pedagogical University, 1997.

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R, Jutsum A., e Gordon R. F. S, a cura di. Insect pheromones in plant protection. Chichester: Wiley, 1989.

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Geiger, Timothy. The curse of pheromones: Poems. Charlotte, NC: Main Street Rag Pub. Co., 2008.

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J, Mumford, e Great Britain. Overseas Development Administration. Evaluation Department., a cura di. Draft evaluation report EV: Pheromones. London: Evaluation Department, Overseas Development Administration, 1995.

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Breitmaier, E. Terpenes: Flavors, fragrances, pharmaca, pheromones. Weinheim, Germany: WILEY-VCH, 2006.

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Geiger, Timothy. The curse of pheromones: Poems. Charlotte, NC: Main Street Rag Pub. Co., 2008.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Pheromones"

Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner et al. "Pheromones". In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2842–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2902.

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Phillips, Thomas W., Paul M. Cogan e Henry Y. Fadamiro. "Pheromones". In Alternatives to Pesticides in Stored-Product IPM, 273–302. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4353-4_10.

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McAllister-Williams, R. Hamish, Daniel Bertrand, Hans Rollema, Raymond S. Hurst, Linda P. Spear, Tim C. Kirkham, Thomas Steckler et al. "Pheromones". In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1022. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_1076.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Pheromones". In Asiatic Honeybee Apis cerana, 215–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6928-1_7.

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Keverne, Eric Barrington. "Pheromones". In Sensory Systems: II, 94–96. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6760-4_41.

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Pirk, Christian W. W., Catherine L. Sole e R. M. Crewe. "Pheromones". In Honeybees of Asia, 207–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16422-4_9.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Pheromones". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 914. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_14480.

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Hangay, George, Susan V. Gruner, F. W. Howard, John L. Capinera, Eugene J. Gerberg, Susan E. Halbert, John B. Heppner et al. "Marking Pheromones". In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2298–300. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1730.

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Gower, D. B. "Human pheromones?" In The Psychological Basis of Perfumery, 179–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1567-1_22.

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Luporini, P., C. Miceli, C. Ortenzi e A. Vallesi. "Ciliate Pheromones". In Signaling Mechanisms in Protozoa and Invertebrates, 80–104. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80106-8_5.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Pheromones"

Фролов, А., И. Грушевая e А. Мильцын. "Светодиоды и семиохемики растительного происхождения —перспективные средства мониторинга кукурузного мотылька". In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.37.

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Delta sticky traps fitted with diverse lures were used in trials for attraction of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. adults at the Kuban Experimental Station, Russian Federation in 2020. In terms of captures, 8 lures tested were divided into 3 groups: traps baited with sex pheromones caught the smallest numbers of moths (0.1–0.4 specimen per 1 trap per week), semiochemicals — the average numbers (alone or in combination with a sex pheromone) (7.0–7.2) and UV LEDs — the maximum number (25.6). In contrast to sex pheromones, LEDs and semiochemicals attracted considerable numbers of females (28.8–46.6%) besides males.

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Frolov, A. N., I. V. Grushevaya, A. G. Kononchuk, T. A. Ryabchinskaya, V. B. Kolesnikov e Tóth Miklós. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of the European corn borer monitoring using bisexual lure based on tests results in the Kuban and the Central Black Earth Zone of Russia". In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-51.

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During summer 2019, pilot tests were conducted in the Eastern part of the Krasnodar Krai and in the North of the Voronezh Region on two volatile semiochemicals of maize (phenylacetaldehyde and 4-methoxy-2-phenethyl alcohol) to monitor the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis number in comparison with sex pheromones. Traps with semiochemical lure caught significantly more pest adults than traps with sex pheromone – in the Voronezh Region by 16.5 times, and in the Krasnodar Krai by 2.4 times. At the same time, about half of the moths attracted by semiochemical lure were females, whose information value for forecasting is significantly higher than that of males. The results obtained indicate that semiochemical lure can be used for monitoring pests, especially in the Northern foci of its harm, where traps with sex pheromones cannot provide reliable monitoring of the insect

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Frolov, A. N., I. V. Grushevaya, A. G. Kononchuk, S. M. Malysh e A. A. Miltsyn. "LED TRAP FOR MONITORING OF HARMFUL LEPIDOPTERA: THE RESULTS OF TRIALS IN KRASNODAR AREA, THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER AS AN EXAMPLE". In V International Scientific Conference CONCEPTUAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF INVERTEBRATE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND BIOLOGICAL EDUCATION. Tomsk State University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-931-0-2020-41.

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The number of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis adults caught per one LED trap exceeded 3.7 to 12.1 times the number of males caught by set of three pheromone traps supplied with pheromones of Z, E and ZE O. nubilalis races. Although LED and pheromone traps registered the beginning of the ECB flight in the same date, the peak of moth catching by LED traps was strongly displaced by the beginning of flying period, for a week preceding the beginning of oviposition by females as well as the peak of male catch by pheromone traps was noted a week later after achievement of a maximum of egg-laying activity by females.

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Schroeder, Adam M., Marwan H. Mohamed e Brian P. Trease. "Emergent Behavior Characterization of an Ant-Inspired, Multiple-Pheromone-Driven Robot Swarm". In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67951.

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Inspired by chemotactic phenomena observed in ants where individual ants can distinguish their own pheromone from others in their colony, a novel control paradigm for a robot swarm is introduced where each agent deposits an agent-specific, diffusive and evaporative pheromone. Agent’s are repulsed by the pheromone and execute a biased random walk from high-concentration to low-concentration areas. The biased random walk is Lévy flight which causes ‘anomalous diffusion’ by the agents. The ratio of an agent’s sensitivity to its own pheromone compared to other ant’s pheromones, called ‘vanity’, is varied and swarm behavior is characterized using general metrics, e.g. mean squared displacement, and application-specific metrics. It was found that varying the agent vanity resulted in smooth trends in the general behavior metrics, but bifurcations appeared in the application-specific, area coverage metrics. This control scheme is also compared to a scheme that uses a global, common pheromone.

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Bradley, Aidan J., Masoud Jahromi Shirazi e Nicole Abaid. "Comparing Collective Foraging With Interactions Inspired by Pheromones and Sonar". In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-9190.

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Abstract Communication inspired by animals is a timely topic of research in the modeling and control of multi-agent systems. Examples of such bio-inspired communication methods include pheromone trails used by ants to forage for food and echolocation used by bats to orient themselves and hunt. Source searching is one of many challenges in the field of swarm robotics that tackles an analogous problem to animals foraging for food. This paper seeks to compare two communication methods, inspired by sonar and pheromones, in the context of a multi-agent foraging problem. We explore which model is more effective at recruiting agents to forage from a found target. The results of this work begin to uncover the complicated relationship between sensing modality, collective tasks, and spontaneous cooperation in groups.

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Kalivarapu, Vijay K., e Eliot H. Winer. "Parallel Implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Through Digital Pheromone Sharing". In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49444.

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In this paper, a parallelization model for PSO through sharing of digital pheromones between multiple particle swarms to search n-dimensional design spaces is presented. Digital pheromones are models simulating real pheromones produced by insects for communication to indicate a source of food or a nesting location. Particle swarms search the design space with digital pheromones aiding communication within the swarm to improve search efficiency. Digital pheromones have demonstrated the capability of searching design spaces within PSO in the previous work by authors in both single and coarse granular parallel computing environments. Multiple swarms are simultaneously deployed across various processors in the coarse granular scheme and synchronization is carried out only when all swarms achieved convergence. This was done in an effort to reduce processor-to-processor communication and network latencies. With an appropriate parallelization scheme, the benefits of digital pheromones and swarm communication can potentially outweigh the network latencies resulting in improved search efficiency and accuracy. A swarm is deployed in the design space across different processors to explore this idea. Each part of the swarm is made to communicate with each other through an additional processor. Digital pheromones aiding within a swarm, communication between swarms is facilitated through the developed parallelization model. In this paper, the development and implementation of this method together with benchmarking test cases are presented.

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Van Dyke Parunak, H. "Interpreting digital pheromones as probability fields". In 2009 Winter Simulation Conference - (WSC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2009.5429653.

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Janošek, Michal. "Digital, virtual and artificial pheromones: A review". In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5043709.

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Kerler, Simon, Johannes Vilsmeier, Sarah Edenhofer e Sebastian von Mammen. "Pheromander: Real-Time Strategy with Digital Pheromones". In 2016 8th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-Games). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vs-games.2016.7590357.

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Nastas, Tudor. "Particularitățile aplicării feromonilor sexuali și aprecierea consecințelor pe parcursul dezvoltării ontogenetice a speciilor de insecte-țintă". In International symposium ”Actual problems of zoology and parasitology: achievements and prospects” dedicated to the 100th anniversary from the birth of academician Alexei Spassky. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975665902.72.

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In this article there are presented the results of highlighting the peculiarities of the action of a saturated environment with sexual pheromones and appreciation of consequences which have appeared during the ontogenetic development of species of target insects (Mamestra brassicae, Heliothis armigera and Agrothis segetum). It was founded that the saturated environment with sexual pheromones cause the apparition of some stressogenic factors which lead to essential disorders in the mechanism of sexual diurnal behavior and in the cycle of ontogenetic development of species of target insects (reduction of prolificacy of females and the number of fertile eggs, increase of the number of sterile eggs in the deposited spawns and the major morbidity during the development of a generation).

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Pheromones"

Bond, T. Raman Spectroscopy to Detect and Measure NOW Pheromones. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1834479.

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Bond, T. ANNUAL REPORTRaman Spectroscopy to Detect and Measure NOW Pheromones. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1834477.

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Bond, T., S. SAhota e H. Wilson. Annual Report on Raman Spectroscopy to Detect and Measure NOW Pheromones. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1834476.

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Bond, T., S. Sahota e H. WIlson. Raman Spectroscopy to Detect and Measure NOW Pheromones ("Orchard in a box"). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1834492.

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Amman, Gene D., e Kevin C. Ryan. Using pheromones to protect heat-injured lodgepole pine from mountain pine beetle infestation. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-rn-419.

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Bond, T. Advancing Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy to Detect and Measure NOW Pheromones (CPRB 2022 proposal). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1835682.

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Landolt, Peter, Ezra Dunkelblum, Robert Heath, Samuel Gothilf e Moshe Kehat. Chemical Charactrization and Species Specificity of Sex Pheromones of Female Looper Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae). United States Department of Agriculture, novembre 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1990.7599660.bard.

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Rafaeli, Ada, Wendell Roelofs e Anat Zada Byers. Identification and gene regulation of the desaturase enzymes involved in sex-pheromone biosynthesis of pest moths infesting grain. United States Department of Agriculture, marzo 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613880.bard.

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The original objectives of the approved proposal included: 1. Establishment of the biosynthetic pathways for pheromone production using labeled precursors and GC-MS. 2. The elucidation of a circadian regulation of key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. 3. The identification, characterization and confirmation of functional expression of the delta-desaturases. 4. The identification of gene regulatory processes involved in the expression of the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their reproductive behavior is dependent on chemical communication. Sex-pheromone blends are utilized by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates. The sex pheromones used are commonly composed of blends of aliphatic molecules that vary in chain length, geometry, degree and position of double bonds and functional groups. They are formed by various actions of specific delta-desaturases to which chain shortening, elongation, reduction, acetylation, and oxidation of a common fatty acyl precursor is coupled. In most of the moth species sex-pheromone biosynthesis is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). The development of specific and safe insect control strategies utilizing pheromone systems depends on a clear knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved. In this proposal we aimed at identifying and characterizing specific desaturases involved in the biosynthetic pathway of two moth pest-speciesof stored products, P. interpunctella and S. cerealella, and to elucidate the regulation of the enzymes involved in pheromone biosynthesis. Due to technical difficulties the second stored product pest was excluded from the study at an early phase of the research project. Major conclusions: Within the framework of the planned objectives we confirmed the pheromone biosynthetic pathway of P. interpunctella and H. armigera by using labeled precursor molecules. In addition, in conjunction with various inhibitors we determined the PBAN-stimulated rate-limiting step for these biosynthetic pathways. We thereby present conclusive evidence that the enzyme Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase is activated as a result of PBAN stimulation. We also found that P. interpunctella produce the main pheromone component Z9, E12 Tetradecenyl acetate through the action of a D11 desaturase working on the 16:Acid precursor. This is evidenced by the high amount of incorporation of ²H-labeled 16:Acid into pheromone when compared to the incorporation of ²H-labeled 14:Acid. However, in contrast to reports on other moth species, P. interpunctella is also capable of utilizing the 14:Acid precursor, although to a much lesser extent than the 16:Acid precursor. Despite the discovery of nine different desaturase gene transcripts in this species, from the present study it is evident that although PCR detected all nine gene transcripts, specific to female pheromone glands, only two are highly expressed whereas the other 7 are expressed at levels of at least 10⁵ fold lower showing very low abundance. These two genes correspond to D11-like desaturases strengthening the hypothesis that the main biosynthetic pathway involves a D11 desaturase.

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Shea, Patrick J. Proceedings of the symposium on management of western bark beetles with pheromones: research and development; June 22-25, 1992; Kailua-Kona, Hawaii. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-150.

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Grimble, David G. Field Comparison of Spruce Budworm Pheromone Lures. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-rn-339.

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