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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 29 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Iorio, Alfonso. "Using pharmacokinetics to individualize hemophilia therapy". Hematology 2017, n. 1 (8 dicembre 2017): 595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.595.

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Abstract Prevention and treatment of bleeding in hemophilia requires that plasma clotting factor activity of the replaced factor exceeds a defined target level. Most clinical decisions in hemophilia are based on implicit or explicit application of pharmacokinetic measures. The large interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics of factor concentrates suggests that relying on the average pharmacokinetic characteristics of factor concentrates would not allow optimizing the treatment of individual patients; for example, adjusting the frequency of infusions and targeting a specific clotting factor activity level on a case-by-case basis. However, individual pharmacokinetic profiles are seldom assessed as part of routine clinical care. Population pharmacokinetics provide options for precise and convenient characterization of pharmacokinetics characteristics of factor concentrates, simplified individual pharmacokinetic profiling, and individualized dosing. Population pharmacokinetics allow for the incorporation of determinants of interpatient variability and reduces the need for extensive postinfusion plasma sampling. Barriers to the implementation of population pharmacokinetics are the need for concentrate-specific pharmacokinetic models, Bayesian calculation power, and specific expertise for production, validation, and appraisal of forecasted estimates. Population pharmacokinetics provide an important theoretical and practical contribution to tailoring the treatment of hemophilia. The need remains for prospective exploration of the clinical impact of tailoring hemophilia treatment based on individual pharmacokinetics, and for the systematic validation of existing software solutions and concentrate-specific models.

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Kamp, Jasper, Erik Olofsen, Thomas K. Henthorn, Monique van Velzen, Marieke Niesters e Albert Dahan. "Ketamine Pharmacokinetics". Anesthesiology 133, n. 6 (30 settembre 2020): 1192–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003577.

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Background Several models describing the pharmacokinetics of ketamine are published with differences in model structure and complexity. A systematic review of the literature was performed, as well as a meta-analysis of pharmacokinetic data and construction of a pharmacokinetic model from raw data sets to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate existing ketamine pharmacokinetic models and construct a general ketamine pharmacokinetic model. Methods Extracted pharmacokinetic parameters from the literature (volume of distribution and clearance) were standardized to allow comparison among studies. A meta-analysis was performed on studies that performed a mixed-effect analysis to calculate weighted mean parameter values and a meta-regression analysis to determine the influence of covariates on parameter values. A pharmacokinetic population model derived from a subset of raw data sets was constructed and compared with the meta-analytical analysis. Results The meta-analysis was performed on 18 studies (11 conducted in healthy adults, 3 in adult patients, and 5 in pediatric patients). Weighted mean volume of distribution was 252 l/70 kg (95% CI, 200 to 304 l/70 kg). Weighted mean clearance was 79 l/h (at 70 kg; 95% CI, 69 to 90 l/h at 70 kg). No effect of covariates was observed; simulations showed that models based on venous sampling showed substantially higher context-sensitive half-times than those based on arterial sampling. The pharmacokinetic model created from 14 raw data sets consisted of one central arterial compartment with two peripheral compartments linked to two venous delay compartments. Simulations showed that the output of the raw data pharmacokinetic analysis and the meta-analysis were comparable. Conclusions A meta-analytical analysis of ketamine pharmacokinetics was successfully completed despite large heterogeneity in study characteristics. Differences in output of the meta-analytical approach and a combined analysis of 14 raw data sets were small, indicative that the meta-analytical approach gives a clinically applicable approximation of ketamine population parameter estimates and may be used when no raw data sets are available. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

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Jeong, Seung-Hyun, Ji-Hun Jang e Yong-Bok Lee. "Pharmacokinetic Comparison between Methotrexate-Loaded Nanoparticles and Nanoemulsions as Hard- and Soft-Type Nanoformulations: A Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach". Pharmaceutics 13, n. 7 (9 luglio 2021): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13071050.

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The purpose of this study was to identify and explore the differences in pharmacokinetics between different nanoformulations. This was done by comparing the pharmacokinetics of methotrexate-loaded nanoparticles [poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); size of 163.70 ± 10.25 nm] and nanoemulsions (olive oil and Labrasol; size of 173.77 ± 5.76 nm), which represent hard- and soft-type nanoformulations, respectively. In addition, the population pharmacokinetic modeling approach as a useful tool for the comparison of pharmacokinetics between nanoformulations was newly proposed through this study. Significant pharmacokinetic differences were identified between nanoformulations through the new population pharmacokinetic modeling approach. As a result, the formulation type was explored as a significant covariate. The clearance and bioavailability of methotrexate-loaded nanoemulsions tended to decrease by 99% and increase by 19%, respectively, compared to those of the nanoparticles. The exploration of significant pharmacokinetic differences between drug formulations and their correlations presented in this study provide new perspectives on the development of nanoformulations.

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Grzegorzewski, Jan, Janosch Brandhorst, Kathleen Green, Dimitra Eleftheriadou, Yannick Duport, Florian Barthorscht, Adrian Köller, Danny Yu Jia Ke, Sara De Angelis e Matthias König. "PK-DB: pharmacokinetics database for individualized and stratified computational modeling". Nucleic Acids Research 49, n. D1 (5 novembre 2020): D1358—D1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa990.

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Abstract A multitude of pharmacokinetics studies have been published. However, due to the lack of an open database, pharmacokinetics data, as well as the corresponding meta-information, have been difficult to access. We present PK-DB (https://pk-db.com), an open database for pharmacokinetics information from clinical trials. PK-DB provides curated information on (i) characteristics of studied patient cohorts and subjects (e.g. age, bodyweight, smoking status, genetic variants); (ii) applied interventions (e.g. dosing, substance, route of application); (iii) pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g. clearance, half-life, area under the curve) and (iv) measured pharmacokinetic time-courses. Key features are the representation of experimental errors, the normalization of measurement units, annotation of information to biological ontologies, calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters from concentration-time profiles, a workflow for collaborative data curation, strong validation rules on the data, computational access via a REST API as well as human access via a web interface. PK-DB enables meta-analysis based on data from multiple studies and data integration with computational models. A special focus lies on meta-data relevant for individualized and stratified computational modeling with methods like physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK), pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD), or population pharmacokinetic (pop PK) modeling.

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Albitar, Orwa, Sabariah Noor Harun, Hadzliana Zainal, Baharudin Ibrahim e Siti Maisharah Sheikh Ghadzi. "Population Pharmacokinetics of Clozapine: A Systematic Review". BioMed Research International 2020 (8 gennaio 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9872936.

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Background and Objective. Clozapine is a second-generation antipsychotic drug that is considered the most effective treatment for refractory schizophrenia. Several clozapine population pharmacokinetic models have been introduced in the last decades. Thus, a systematic review was performed (i) to compare published pharmacokinetics models and (ii) to summarize and explore identified covariates influencing the clozapine pharmacokinetics models. Methods. A search of publications for population pharmacokinetic analyses of clozapine either in healthy volunteers or patients from inception to April 2019 was conducted in PubMed and SCOPUS databases. Reviews, methodology articles, in vitro and animal studies, and noncompartmental analysis were excluded. Results. Twelve studies were included in this review. Clozapine pharmacokinetics was described as one-compartment with first-order absorption and elimination in most of the studies. Significant interindividual variations of clozapine pharmacokinetic parameters were found in most of the included studies. Age, sex, smoking status, and cytochrome P450 1A2 were found to be the most common identified covariates affecting these parameters. External validation was only performed in one study to determine the predictive performance of the models. Conclusions. Large pharmacokinetic variability remains despite the inclusion of several covariates. This can be improved by including other potential factors such as genetic polymorphisms, metabolic factors, and significant drug-drug interactions in a well-designed population pharmacokinetic model in the future, taking into account the incorporation of larger sample size and more stringent sampling strategy. External validation should also be performed to the previously published models to compare their predictive performances.

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Tang, Bo-Hao, Yue-E. Wu, Chen Kou, Yu-Jie Qi, Hui Qi, Hai-Yan Xu, Stephanie Leroux et al. "Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Optimization of Amoxicillin in Neonates and Young Infants". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 63, n. 2 (3 dicembre 2018): e02336-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02336-18.

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ABSTRACT Amoxicillin is widely used to treat bacterial infections in neonates. However, considerable intercenter variability in dosage regimens of antibiotics exists in clinical practice. The pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin has been described in only a few preterm neonates. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin through a large sample size covering the entire age range of neonates and young infants and to establish evidence-based dosage regimens based on developmental pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics. This is a prospective, multicenter, pharmacokinetic study using an opportunistic sampling design. Amoxicillin plasma concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using NONMEM. A total of 224 pharmacokinetic samples from 187 newborns (postmenstrual age range, 28.4 to 46.3 weeks) were available for analysis. A two-compartment model with first-order elimination was used to describe population pharmacokinetics. Covariate analysis showed that current weight, postnatal age, and gestational age were significant covariates. The final model was further validated for predictive performance in an independent cohort of patients. Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that for early-onset sepsis, the currently used dosage regimen (25 mg/kg twice daily [BID]) resulted in 99.0% of premature neonates and 87.3% of term neonates achieving the pharmacodynamic target (percent time above MIC), using a MIC breakpoint of 1 mg/liter. For late-onset sepsis, 86.1% of premature neonates treated with 25 mg/kg three times a day (TID) and 79.0% of term neonates receiving 25 mg/kg four times a day (QID) reached the pharmacodynamic target, using a MIC breakpoint of 2 mg/liter. The population pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin was assessed in neonates and young infants. A dosage regimen was established based on developmental pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics.

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Egan, Talmage D., Bernou Huizinga, Samir K. Gupta, Rudy L. Jaarsma, Richard J. Sperry, James B. Yee e Keith T. Muir. "Remifentanil Pharmacokinetics in Obese versus Lean Patients". Anesthesiology 89, n. 3 (1 settembre 1998): 562–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199809000-00004.

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Background Remifentanil is a short-acting opioid whose pharmacokinetics have been characterized in detail. However, the impact of obesity on remifentanil pharmacokinetics has not been specifically examined. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of body weight on remifentanil pharmacokinetics. Methods Twelve obese and 12 matched lean subjects undergoing elective surgery received a 1-min remifentanil infusion after induction of anesthesia. Arterial blood samples were collected for determination of remifentanil blood concentrations. Each subject's pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by fitting a two-compartment model to the concentration versus time curves. Nonlinear mixed-effects population models examining the influence of lean body mass (LBM) and total body weight (TBW) were also constructed. Clinical simulations using the final population model were performed. Results The obese patient cohort reached substantially higher remifentanil concentrations. The individual pharmacokinetic parameters of a two-compartment model were not significantly different between the obese versus lean cohorts (unless normalized to TBW). The final population model scaled central clearance and the central and peripheral distribution volumes to LBM. The simulations illustrated that remifentanil pharmacokinetics are not grossly different in obese versus lean subjects and that TBW based dosing in obese patients can result in excessively high remifentanil concentrations. Conclusions The essential findings of the study are that remifentanil's pharmacokinetics are not appreciably different in obese versus lean subjects and that remifentanil pharmacokinetic parameters are therefore more closely related to LBM than to TBW. Clinically this means that remifentanil dosing regimens should be based on ideal body weight (or LBM) and not TBW.

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Stepensky, David. "Pharmacokinetics of Toxin-Derived Peptide Drugs". Toxins 10, n. 11 (20 novembre 2018): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110483.

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Toxins and venoms produced by different organisms contain peptides that have evolved to have highly selective and potent pharmacological effects on specific targets for protection and predation. Several toxin-derived peptides have become drugs and are used for the management of diabetes, hypertension, chronic pain, and other medical conditions. Despite the similarity in their composition (amino acids as the building blocks), toxin-derived peptide drugs have very profound differences in their structure and conformation, in their physicochemical properties (that affect solubility, stability, etc.), and subsequently in their pharmacokinetics (the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination following their administration to patients). This review summarizes and critically analyzes the pharmacokinetic properties of toxin-derived peptide drugs: (1) the relationship between the chemical structure, physicochemical properties, and the pharmacokinetics of the specific drugs, (2) the major pharmacokinetic properties and parameters of these drugs, and (3) the major pharmacokinetic variability factors of the individual drugs. The structural properties of toxin-derived peptides affect their pharmacokinetics and pose some limitations on their clinical use. These properties should be taken into account during the development of new toxin-derived peptide drugs, and for the efficient and safe use of the clinically approved drugs from this group in the individual patients.

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Li, Qiao, Yan Yang, Ting Zhou, Rui Wang, Na Li, Min Zheng, Yuan-Yuan Li et al. "A Compositive Strategy to Study the Pharmacokinetics of TCMs: Taking Coptidis Rhizoma, and Coptidis Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma as Examples". Molecules 23, n. 8 (15 agosto 2018): 2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23082042.

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Pharmacokinetic studies are crucial for elucidating the effective constituents and formula compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). However, studies have usually been limited to single dosages and detection of systemic blood concentrations. To obtain comprehensive pharmacokinetic information, here we propose a multi-dosage and multi-sampling (blood from portal vein or systemic circulation, and liver) strategy to comparatively study the pharmacokinetics of multi-form TCMs, i.e., pure constituents, TCMs, or TCM formula extracts. Based on this strategy, we studied the pharmacokinetics of pure berberine, berberine in Coptidis Rhizoma (CRE), and berberine in Coptidis Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extracts (CR-GRE). After simple calculation and comparison of the obtained area under the curve (AUC) values, the results revealed the drastically different pharmacokinetic properties of pure berberine compared to CRE and CR-GRE. The results contribute to explaining the pharmacological loss of berberine activity after purification and the compatibility of the CR-GR drug pair. The results also innovatively showed that it was intestinal absorption that differentiated the pharmacokinetics of CRE and pure berberine, and CRE and CR-GRE. In conclusion, we propose a composite strategy to comparatively study the pharmacokinetics of TCMs, which could provide sufficient information to obtain a comprehensive view, before follow-up mechanism-of-action studies.

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Toja-Camba, Francisco José, Nerea Gesto-Antelo, Olalla Maroñas, Eduardo Echarri Arrieta, Irene Zarra-Ferro, Miguel González-Barcia, Enrique Bandín-Vilar et al. "Review of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics in Atypical Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics". Pharmaceutics 13, n. 7 (23 giugno 2021): 935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070935.

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Over the last two decades, pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics have been increasingly used in clinical practice in Psychiatry due to the high variability regarding response and side effects of antipsychotic drugs. Specifically, long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics have different pharmacokinetic profile than oral formulations due to their sustained release characteristics. In addition, most of these drugs are metabolized by CYP2D6, whose interindividual genetic variability results in different metabolizer status and, consequently, into different plasma concentrations of the drugs. In this context, there is consistent evidence which supports the use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) along with pharmacogenetic tests to improve safety and efficacy of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. This comprehensive review aims to compile all the available pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic data regarding the three major LAI atypical antipsychotics: risperidone, paliperidone and aripiprazole. On the one hand, CYP2D6 metabolizer status influences the pharmacokinetics of LAI aripiprazole, but this relation remains a matter of debate for LAI risperidone and LAI paliperidone. On the other hand, developed population pharmacokinetic (popPK) models showed the influence of body weight or administration site on the pharmacokinetics of these LAI antipsychotics. The combination of pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics (including popPK models) leads to a personalized antipsychotic therapy. In this sense, the optimization of these treatments improves the benefit–risk balance and, consequently, patients’ quality of life.

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Tesi sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Chigutsa, Emmanuel. "Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodyamic modeling of antitubercular drugs". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3275.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
The pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in 78 patients with tuberculosis were described using non-linear mixed effects modeling. Pharmacodynamic data was comprised of weekly sputum liquid culture (using mycobacterial growth indicator tubes) time to detection results from 144 patients during the first 2 months of treatment. The effect of drug exposure on patient outcomes was investigated. To determine the adequacy of ofloxacin drug exposure, the probability of attaining the required area-under-the-curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (AUC/MIC) of ofloxacin was determined in 65 patients on treatment for multidrug resistant tuberculosis. To improve efficiency in the clinical development of new drug regimens, clinical trial simulation was used to determine the optimal study design for a study investigating the efficacy of a new antitubercular drug regimen. The SLCO1B1 rs4149032 polymorphism existed at a high frequency of 0.70 in South Africans and resulted in a 28% decrease in bioavailability of rifampicin. The rifampicin peak concentration was a significant predictor of the 2 month treatment outcomes. A semimechanistic time to event model was developed to analyze days to positivity (time to detection) data. The model was comprised of a biexponential decay model describing bacillary decline in sputum from patients, followed by a logistic model with a lag time for growth of the mycobacteria in liquid culture. For the current 800 mg daily dose of ofloxacin, the probability of attaining an AUC/MIC target ratio of at least 100 was only 0.45. Based on clinical trial simulation, the optimum parallel study design was comprised of 125 study participants in each of 2 arms to achieve a study power of at least 80%. Increasing the study length beyond 42 days reduced study power perhaps due to increased amounts of censored data. Higher doses of rifampicin are required in the majority of South African patients with tuberculosis. A novel pharmacodynamic model of tuberculosis treatment is presented, which can be used for investigation of covariates such as drug exposure. Ofloxacin should be replaced with a more potent fluoroquinolone for treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis. Clinical trials should not be unduly long otherwise this may compromise study power.

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Ulrich-Oppliger, Brigitte Madeleine. "Pharmacokinetics /". Bern, 1992. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Charter, Mark Keith. "Maximum entropy pharmacokinetics". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316691.

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Smith, Jennifer Lisa. "Pharmacokinetics of methylamines". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12906.

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Khosravan, Reza. "Nonlinear pharmacokinetics of diltiazem". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0030/NQ46865.pdf.

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Al-Mustafa, Z. H. "Methotrexate pharmacokinetics and toxicity". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383988.

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Woodhouse, Jennifer Ann. "Plutonium pharmacokinetics and blood biochemistry". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1997. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20148/.

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Since its discovery in the early 1940s the element plutonium has been seen by mankind as both an opportunity and a threat. As a radioactive nuclide plutonium presents health hazards in its handling and if mankind is to make the most of this element's potential benefits it is essential that these hazards be understood. Both overestimation and underestimation of these hazards are damaging to its proper utilisation. Many studies have been carried out to determine the effects of plutonium exposure and a broad picture of the biological behaviour of plutonium has been built up. Radiological protection standards are based on such broad understanding and a "Central Dogma" has arisen viz, plutonium is bound avidly in liver and bone; clearance half-lives from these organs differ (by a factor of 2.5) but are very long - a minimum of 50 years for bone; this is why plutonium urinary excretion levels are very low. Despite all the research work that has been carried out there are many important areas of plutonium behaviour which are not well understood or in which the central ideas adopted for radiological protection purposes are questionable. One such questionable area is extended half-life in the body. Two rather different areas relate to the molecular binding interactions which plutonium enters into in body tissues and transfer mechanisms from blood into cellular organelles. Very little is known about these processes and the speciation that plutonium demonstrates within the body. This thesis explores understanding of plutonium behaviour by application of pharmacokinetic theory to observed human behaviour, both following occupational exposure and experimental injection. Occupational exposure data demonstrated behaviour consistent with pharmacokinetic expectations over periods of 25 years or more. Long-term half-lives were 10 to 30 years rather than 50 to 100 years or more. There was no evidence of differing half-lives between liver and bone. Very low renal clearance was seen in intravenous injection studies suggesting either very extensive plutonium binding to the protein transferrin in blood or pointing to reabsorption in the kidney tubule after glomerular filtration. This latter possibility might lead to a "Plutonium blood pressure" which effectively forces activity into tissues irrespective of the strength of binding forces. Experimental work indicated species differences in transferrin binding which may have relevance for extrapolation from animals to humans.

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Smith, Adam John. "Modulating the Pharmacokinetics of Bioflavonoids". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4226.

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One of the largest obstacles in drug development is to overcome solubility and bioavailability problems. Preformulation strategies such as nanoparticle formation are often employed but sometimes create new issues and are limited in their effectiveness and applications. Since the majority of drugs are marketed and sold as solid forms, drug delivery systems are not always desirable. This is where solid-state chemistry becomes important. Traditional solid-state chemistry approaches are often successful but are sometimes too restrictive and cannot be applied to certain compounds. Cocrystals have emerged as an alternative solid-state technique that can be applied to a broad range of compounds. However, the technology is still very new and its effectiveness in certain conditions had previously not been evaluated. The studies detailed herein investigated the ability of two different technology platforms for overcoming drug design challenges for two promising bioflavonoids: EGCg and quercetin. Studies have shown that EGCg might be useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Quercetin is being investigated for numerous bioactivities and is currently being marketed as an energy dietary supplement. Both of these bioflavonoids exhibit poor bioavailability and water solubilities that are at opposite ends of the spectrum. In the chapters to follow, nanoparticle technology was applied to EGCg and evaluated in cell models of AΒ production, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Bioavailability improvements were also evaluated in rats. Additionally, new forms of both flavonoids were created using cocrystallization. These new cocrystals were characterized using powder and single crystal x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Solubility and bioavailability changes were also evaluated. These data have strong implications in drug development since they elucidated the strengths and weaknesses of two major technologies in compounds with different design challenges.

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Harper, Kenneth W. "Pharmacokinetics of methohexitone and midazolam". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254195.

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Evans, Gary Lee. "Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of lacidipine". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387196.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Pecile, A., e A. Rescigno, a cura di. Pharmacokinetics. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5.

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Riviere, Jim E. Comparative pharmacokinetics. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

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Krishna, Devarakonda Rama, e Ulrich Klotz. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75623-8.

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Riviere, Jim E. Comparative Pharmacokinetics. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470959916.

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Davies, Neal M., e Jaime A. Yáñez, a cura di. FLAVONOID PHARMACOKINETICS. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118468524.

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Wu, Baojian, Danyi Lu e Dong Dong, a cura di. Circadian Pharmacokinetics. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8807-5.

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J, Breen Philip, a cura di. Basic pharmacokinetics. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 2009.

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1943-, Shroot B., Schaefer H. 1935- e Centre international de recherches dermatologiques., a cura di. Skin pharmacokinetics. Basel: Karger, 1987.

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Källén, Anders. Computational pharmacokinetics. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2008.

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Källén, Anders. Computational pharmacokinetics. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2007.

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Più fonti

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Gladtke, Erich. "History of Pharmacokinetics". In Pharmacokinetics, 1–9. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_1.

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Metzler, Carl M. "Equivalence of Bioavailability and Efficacy in Drug Testing". In Pharmacokinetics, 215–25. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_10.

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Thakur, Ajit K. "Modeling and Risk Assessment of Carcinogenic Dose-Response". In Pharmacokinetics, 227–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_11.

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Bass, Ludvik, e Susan M. Pond. "The Puzzle of Rates of Cellular Uptake of Protein-Bound Ligands". In Pharmacokinetics, 245–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_12.

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Mordenti, Joyce. "A Pharmacokinetic Equation Guide for Clinicians". In Pharmacokinetics, 271–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_13.

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Wagner, John G. "Pharmacokinetic Studies in Man". In Pharmacokinetics, 291–322. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_14.

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Breuer, Francesco. "Metabolic Models in Radiation Protection". In Pharmacokinetics, 323–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_15.

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Beck, James S. "Conceptual Foundations and Uses of Models in Pharmacokinetics". In Pharmacokinetics, 11–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_2.

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Rescigno, Aldo, e Ajit K. Thakur. "Development of Compartmental Concepts". In Pharmacokinetics, 19–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_3.

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Thakur, Ajit K. "Modeling of Pharmacokinetic Data". In Pharmacokinetics, 27–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5463-5_4.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Dol, F., G. Houin, D. Dupouy, C. Caranobe, Y. Cadroy, P. Sié e B. Boneu. "THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF 125-I DERMATAN SULFATE IN THE RABBIT". In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643243.

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Abstract (sommario):

We have determined the main pharmacokinetic parameters of dermatan sulfate (DS), a catalyst of IIa-heparin cofactor II (HC II) interaction which presents antithrombotic properties in the rabbit. DS (Pharmuka, France) was conjugated with SHPP and iodinated using the chloramine T method. The labelled derivative had the same MW distribution and biological activities than.the native one. Rabbits were injected by 5 ucies of 125I-DS (0.6 ug) and increasing doses of unlabelled DS. Serial blood samples were collected to measure cpm disappearance and, in some cases, residual biological activity was determined (ex vivo quantitation of IIa- 125I-HC II complexes). The cpm curves were broken into 3 exponentials : alpha, beta and gamma. The beta exponential was closely superimposable to the curves of biological activity disappearance. The main pharmacokinetic parameters are indicated in the Table (mean ± SD) : there was a slight (non-significant) tendency to the half life (Tl/2) prolongation and to the reduction of both the clearance (cl) and the volume of distribution (Vd). Thus after IV injection, the pharmacokinetics of DS mimics that of LMW-heparin in the rabbit : Tl/2 is in the same order of magnitude and independent of the dose delivered. These results are promising for the future development of this compound as an antithrombotic agent.

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Evans, Conor L. "Quantifying human cutaneous pharmacokinetics". In Advanced Chemical Microscopy for Life Science and Translational Medicine 2021, a cura di Garth J. Simpson, Ji-Xin Cheng e Wei Min. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2577713.

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Johansson, Ann, Jenny Svensson, Stefan Andersson-Engels, Niels Bendsoe, Katarina Svanberg, Irving Bigio, Eleni Alexandratou et al. "mTHPC pharmacokinetics following topical administration". In Biomedical Optics 2006, a cura di Gerard L. Coté e Alexander V. Priezzhev. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.647602.

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Caranobe, C., G. Houin, C. Picard, J. M. Pereillo e B. Boneu. "THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF 125I PENTOSAN POLYSULFATE IN THE RABBIT : EVIDENCE FOR A SATURABLE MECHANISM OF CLEARANCE". In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643248.

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Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) is an antithrombotic sulfated polysaccharide with a MW distribution comparable to commercial low molecular weight heparins (LMWH). Unlike LMWH, but as standard heparin, the half life of the drug after bolus injection is dose-dependent. We demonstrate that PPS disappearance results from a saturable mechanism of clearance. Tyrosine was incorporated onto the xylose chains of the molecule and iodinated with the chloramine T method. The labelled derivative had the same MW distribution than the parent compound.and unchanged biological activities. Five ucies of I-PPS were injected with increasing doses (6-12000 ug/kg) of unlabelled PPS to groups of 2-3 animals each. The CPM curves were broken into 3 exponentials (alpha, beta, gamma) ; the beta exponential was close from the curve of.biological activity disappearance, assessed by IIa- 125I-HC II complexes quantitation. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using conventional methods. The distribution volume (246 ± 81 ml) was independent of the dose delivered whIIe there were significant correlations between the dose, the clearance (r=0.91) and the half life (r = 0.81). Thus in spite of its LMWH, PPS pharmacokinetics mimics that of SH ; this may be the consequence of the over sulfation of the molecule, and of its strong affinity to endothelial cells.

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Kasyanova, V. V., e I. N. Bazhukova. "Modeling of cerium oxide nanoparticles pharmacokinetics". In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICAL INSTRUMENTATION AND ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0032208.

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Lee, Seok-Yong, Chang-Keun Cho, Pureum Kang, Eunvin Ko e Chou Yen Mu. "Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling to Predict the Pharmacokinetics of Irbesartan in DifferentCYP2C9Genotypes". In ASPET 2023 Annual Meeting Abstracts. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.122.508580.

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Ahmed, Nusrat, Yashpal S. Chhonker, Valentina Shakhnovich, Veronica Williams e Daryl J. Murry. "Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Predicting Midazolam Pharmacokinetics in a Pediatric Population with Obesity". In ASPET 2024 Annual Meeting Abstract. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.404.938920.

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Keith, Godfrey,. "Modelling the Double Peak Phenomenon in Pharmacokinetics". In Modeling and Control in Biomedical Systems, a cura di Rees, Stephen, chair Andreassen, Steen e Andreassen, Steen. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090812-3-dk-2006.00022.

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Feizpour, Amin, Louise Bastholm, Troels T. Marstrand e Conor L. Evans. "Label-free Quantification of Pharmacokinetics in Skin". In Bio-Optics: Design and Application. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boda.2019.jw3c.1.

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Hovanessian, Vladimir A., Asatour Lalaian e Grigor Gyulkhandanyan. "Laser fluorescence investigation of chlorin e6 pharmacokinetics". In BiOS Europe '96, a cura di Stanley B. Brown, Benjamin Ehrenberg e Johan Moan. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.260784.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Pharmacokinetics"

Hawkins, David R. Determination of Drug Pharmacokinetics and Metabolic Profile. Volume 2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada192428.

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Heinen, Jessica. Process of Modeling Pharmacokinetics Using Nonlinear Mixed-Effect Models. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1156.

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Gurley, L. R., K. O. Umbarger, J. M. Kim, E. M. Bradbury e B. E. Lehnert. Staurosporine analysis and its pharmacokinetics in the blood of rats. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160825.

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Cheung, Nai-Kong V., Shakeel Modak, Yukang Lin, Hongfen Guo, Pat Zanzonico, John Chung, Yuting Zuo et al. Pharmacokinetics of Genetically Engineered Antibody Forms Using Positron Emission Tomography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828873.

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Karna, Shravya, e Alex Konstantatos. Methadone and Buprenorphine for Management of Acute Postoperative Pain. World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28923/atotw.472.

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Methadone and buprenorphine have shown to decrease total opioid requirements and attenuate side effects post operatively. Methadone’s pharmacokinetics properties make it a potent analgesic whilst sublingual and transdermal buprenorphine is an excellent step-down to parenteral analgesia.

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Kamimori, Gary H. Effect of Time of Menstrual Cycle on Drug Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada409105.

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Kornhauser, David M., Brent G. Petty e Paul S. Lietman. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Sustained Low-Dose Intravenous Infusions of Pyridostigmine. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada530411.

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Carpenter, Hillary M., e Lawrence R. Curtis. Pharmacokinetics of Lipophilic Agents Following Preexposure: Non-Cytochrome P-450 Mediated Mechanisms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225356.

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Gorden, Patrick J., Michael D. Kleinhenz, Larry W. Wulf, Butch KuKanich, Chang J. Lee, Chong Wang e Johann F. Coetzee. Altered Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Ceftiofur Hydrochloride in Cows Affected with Severe Clinical Mastitis. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-216.

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Li, Haobo, Zhu Zhang, Haoyi Weng, Yuting Qiu, Pablo Zubiaur, Yu Zhang, Guohui Fan et al. Association of rs2244613 Polymorphism with Dabigatran Pharmacokinetics and Safety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, giugno 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0027.

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