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1

Ladame, François. "Adolescence et solution perverse". Revue française de psychanalyse 56, n. 5 (1992): 1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfp.g1992.56n5.1679.

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Wiggins, Tobias B. D. "A Perverse Solution to Misplaced Distress". TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 7, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2020): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23289252-7914514.

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Abstract Transgender people have long been associated with sexual perversion. For example, many early versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) infamously categorized any gender variance as sexual deviance or paraphilia. This article therefore investigates the taxonomical movement away from the transgender subject as perverse toward the current diagnosis of gender dysphoria, which instead consolidates the transgender subject as distressed and suffering. Through an unconventional use of psychoanalytic theories of perversion, I argue that DSM-5’s new diagnosis criteria work defensively, functioning as an antidote to the clinician's anxiety in the face of difference. When separated from stereotypical acts and identities, perversion proves to be quite valuable in understanding clinical transphobia. In particular, Freud's writings on fetishism and disavowal reveal some of the unconscious roles at play in the repeated medicalization of trans people and the restricting of transition-related resources. Through the donning of a fetish object, disavowal acts to ignore an upsetting reality while the traumatic truth remains intact. An analysis of Chase Joynt's video installation, Resisterectomy, provides grounded narratives of gendered surgery and illness that disrupt anticipated affects, temporalities, and curative measures.
3

Pitavy, Thatyana. "Toxicomanies et psychoses : une solution perverse ?" La clinique lacanienne 19, n. 1 (2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cla.019.0029.

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4

Ellerman, David. "On some alleged “problems” and alleged “solutions” in democratic firms". Journal of Participation and Employee Ownership 3, n. 2/3 (14 settembre 2020): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpeo-04-2020-0012.

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PurposeThis paper will discuss two problems that have plagued the literature on the Ward-Domar-Vanek labor-managed firm (LMF) model, the perverse supply response problem and the horizon problem. The paper also discusses the solution to the horizon problem and the alleged “solution” of a membership market.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper so it analyzes the two problems and shows how they can be resolved. It also shows how one alleged “solution” (membership market) is based on several conceptual mistakes about the structure of rights in a democratic firm.FindingsThe perverse supply response is based on the assumption that the members of a democratic firm can expel for no cause some members when it would benefit the remaining members. It is shown that the same perverse behavior happens conceptually and historically in a conventional firm under the same assumptions. The horizon problem is resolved by the system of internal capital accounts (ICAs) that has been independently invented at least four times.Research limitations/implicationsThe idea of a democratic firm is quite often dismissed by conventional economists: “At first it seems like a good idea but unfortunately it is plagued by structural problems such as the perverse supply response and the horizon problem.” Hence it is important to see that the first is not a problem under ordinary assumptions and that the second is a solved problem.Practical implicationsThe perverse supply response problem can be reproduced in a conventional firm under similar assumptions, and the horizon problem is real problem for social or common ownership firms but is solved in the Mondragon-type worker cooperatives by the system of ICAs. This has been known and published since the early 1980s, but conventional economists ignore the solution and still cite it as an inherent structure problem of a democratic firm.Originality/valueIt has not been previously shown in the LMF literature that the perverse supply response can be reproduced in a conventional corporation under similar assumptions since the maximand for the conventional firm is not total market value but that value per current shareholder. The solution to the horizon problem using ICAs has long been “known” but never acknowledged in the conventional literature as if it was a necessary feature of workplace democracy. The idea of a membership market is analyzed and criticized.
5

Nicolò, Anna Maria. "Psychotic functioning in adolescence: The perverse solution to survive". International Journal of Psychoanalysis 96, n. 5 (ottobre 2015): 1335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-8315.12316.

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D’Ambruoso, William L. "Norms, perverse effects, and torture". International Theory 7, n. 1 (9 febbraio 2015): 33–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752971914000396.

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If torture is both ethically odious and usually ineffective as an interrogation method, why have states, especially democratic ones, practiced it? This paper develops a theoretical response to this puzzle by extending constructivist understandings of normative effects. I argue that the norm prohibiting torture has the perverse effect of making torture more attractive to some political leaders in two ways: first, the norm attracts those who are looking for an outside-the-box solution to challenging intelligence-gathering scenarios; second, the norm offers political leaders a narrative of heroism in which they sacrifice their morality for the greater good. I illustrate these explanations with the example of torture in the United States war on terror. My argument suggests that norms can shape the interests even of those who do not follow their scripts, implying that the scope of normative impact may be much wider than previously believed.
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Westphal, Laure. "La résorption de la dissociation psychotique par la solution perverse". L'Évolution Psychiatrique 81, n. 3 (luglio 2016): 541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2015.05.007.

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8

Robert, Nicolas. "L’arrogance du simulacre comme solution perverse dans certaines formes de discours radicaux". Topique 159, n. 3 (11 settembre 2023): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/top.159.0061.

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Cet article interroge le rôle de l’arrogance et du simulacre dans certaines formes de discours radicaux et notamment religieux. Il fait l’hypothèse que le simulacre – comme imaginarisation et érotisation de fonctions humaines normalement à l’œuvre dans la perversion – associé à l’arrogance comme posture, encouragent la constitution de tableaux vivants où la métaphore de l’amour est empêchée et où le langage et ses effets tendent à être entravés.
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Xu, Cao Cao. "Studying Context-Free Grammar Using Collaborative Symmetries". Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (marzo 2014): 2907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.2907.

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The operating systems approach to the partition table is defined not only by the investigation of cache coherence, but also by the confirmed need for object-oriented languages. After years of confirmed research into the memory bus, we disprove the simulation of spreadsheets, which embodies the typical principles of cyber informatics. Such a hypothesis might seem perverse but fell in line with our expectations. Woodman, our new methodology for certifiable archetypes, is the solution to all of these challenges.
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Wiener, Jonathan B. "Hormesis, hotspots and emissions trading". Human & Experimental Toxicology 23, n. 6 (giugno 2004): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327104ht451oa.

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Instrument choice - the comparison of technology standards, performance standards, taxes and tradable permits - has been a major topic in environmental law and environmental economics. Most analyses assume that emissions and health effects are positively and linearly related. If they are not, this complicates the instrument choice analysis. This article analyses the effects of a nonlinear dose-response function on instrument choice. In particular, it examines the effects of hormesis (highdose harm but low-dose benefit) on the choice between fixed performance standards and tradable emissions permits. First, the article distinguishes the effects of hormesis from the effects of local emissions. Hormesis is an attribute of the dose-response or exposure-response relationship. Hotspots are an attribute of the emissions-exposure relationship. Some pollutants may be hormetic and cause local emissions-exposure effects; others may be hormetic without causing local emissionsexposure effects. It is only the local exposure effects of emissions that pose a problem for emissions trading. Secondly, the article shows that the conditions under which emissions trading would perform less well or even perversely under hormesis, depend on how stringent a level of protection is set. Only when the regulatory standard is set at the nadir of the hormetic curve would emissions trading be seriously perverse (assuming other restrictive conditions as well), and such a standard is unlikely. Moreover, the benefits of the overall programme may justify the risk of small perverse effects around this nadir. Thirdly, the article argues that hotspots can be of concern for two distinct reasons, harmfulness and fairness. Lastly, the paper argues that the solution to these problems may not be to abandon market-based incentive instruments and their cost-effectiveness gains, but to improve them further by moving from emissions trading and emissions taxes to risk trading and risk taxes. In short, the article argues that hormesis does not pose a general obstacle to emissions trading or emissions taxes, but that in those cases where hormesis does pose such a problem, a shift toward risk trading or risk taxes would be the superior route.
11

Mehlman, Maxwell J. "Medical Practice Guidelines as Malpractice Safe Harbors: Illusion or Deceit?" Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 40, n. 2 (2012): 286–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2012.00664.x.

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The idea that physicians should accept recommendations from learned colleagues on how to practice medicine is probably as old as medicine itself, but beginning around 1990, it took on new urgency in the face of rising health care costs, widespread, unjustifiable variation in practice patterns, concerns about medical errors and quality of care, and what some perceived to be perverse effects of the malpractice system. One solution put forward was practice guidelines, which the Institute of Medicine (IOM) defined as systematically developed statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances.
12

Mercier, Adèle. "L'homme et la factrice: sur la logique du genre en français". Dialogue 41, n. 3 (2002): 481–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300005230.

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ABSTRACTI present several arguments which provide what I consider to be a definitive argument against certain forms of masculine language in their so-called sexually neutral usage. In the first part, I concentrate on the use of the word “homme,” and I defend the idea that it embodies a perverse contingent a priori. In the second part, I examine how this pernicious a priori—this masculine language virus—infects the pronominal system of French. I conclude with an undoubtedly surprising linguistic and feminist criticism of a recent decision by the Office de la langue française du Québec to feminize job titles, arguing instead that the problem lies elsewhere and hence so does an efficient solution.
13

Silva Flores, Consuelo. "TO OVERCOME THE PLIGHT OF HUNGER". Textos & Contextos (Porto Alegre) 19, n. 2 (22 dicembre 2020): e39636. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1677-9509.2020.2.39636.

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The article addresses the issue of hunger in the world, one of the most perverse phenomena experienced by humanity in this new decade. Starting in 2014, an upward trend in food insecurity began to manifest itself, reaching serious levels in 2019-2020.With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, concern grew about the effects it could have on the food crisis worldwide and, especially, in Latin America and the Caribbean. The latter, because it is the region where commercial access to food is among the most expensive in the world. By the way, Latin America does not face a shortage of food, but on the contrary it has an abundance of them. These contradictions make it necessary to question whether market liberalization has been a solution to solve the problem of hunger at the world level. As well as reviewing the relevance of “official” food security policies and their driving institutions. One of the solutions is to achieve coordinated and permanent action by the States to guarantee the provision of food to the population and prevent the advance of hunger. Our conclusion is that the strengthening of regional integration projects based on food sovereignty is required.
14

Wielers, Rudi, e Peter van der Meer. "Towards a Two-Tier Society?" Concepts and Transformation 2, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1997): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cat.2.1.06wie.

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The labor market has a crucial distribution function in Western welfare societies and is therefore a major source of social conflict. Our main argument is that a two-tier society develops as a consequence of the development of the labor market. Because labor costs increase relative to those of capital, selection devices in the labor market change. Level of education and health become more important, whereas the significance of gender decreases. The social consequences of these selection processes are analyzed as a process of spatial and mental segregation between participants and non-participants in the labor market. The social security system is an especially important new locus of social conflict. We conclude that the neo-liberal solution of reducing social security benefits will have the perverse effect of calling into existence an underclass, which threatens the property rights of the participants.
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Siminoff, Laura. "Competition and Primary Care in the United States: Separating Fact from Fancy". International Journal of Health Services 16, n. 1 (gennaio 1986): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/dgxd-adby-xvdv-k3an.

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Competitive strategies have been advocated as the solution for the economic ills of the U.S. economy. During the 1980s many economists and health care practitioners are arguing that a competitive strategy will bring down health care costs; these plans emphasize the existence of perverse incentives which reward cost reducing behavior with less revenue. Competitive strategies assume the existence of a “health care marketplace.” Historically, the United States health care sector has not conformed to the ideal of the competitive market because of the special characteristics involved in the production and consumption of health care. Consumers have the least power in the health care sector and yet most competitive proposals are explicitly directed at changing consumer behavior, especially in the area of primary care. Much evidence indicates that competitive plans inhibit consumers from using primary care services, increase long-term health care costs, and ultimately require more government regulatory action.
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Miller, Jacob. "IDEALIZATION AND IRONY IN SALLUST'SJUGURTHA: THE NARRATOR'S DEPICTION OF ROME BEFORE 146 B.C." Classical Quarterly 65, n. 1 (2 aprile 2015): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838814000688.

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An examination of the idealized image of Rome before 146b.c.constructed in theJugurtha(Jug.) reveals that despite the narrator's own stated opinions, his depiction of it is perverse and unhistorical. The narrator's value judgements are unappealing, his archaizing affected, his history plainly wrong: these are serious interpretative problems. Is this an attempt, as in the dialogues of Cicero, to re-educate the moral intuitions of his day by means of a fictitious past? Perhaps; but narratological analysis of the relevant sections suggests another solution, an extrapolation to the narratorial persona of the technique of ironic subversion used in the speeches. The key to understanding the depiction of Rome before 146 lies in the identification of political and historical discourse and the consequent extension to the latter of the factionalization characteristic of the former. The problematic aspects of the depiction of Rome before 146 empower the reader to articulate a critique of faction; the text needs to be surmounted to be understood.
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Elements e Luc Riordan. "Wrestling with Giants". Elements 17, n. 1 (31 marzo 2022): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/eurj.v17i1.14951.

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It is unquestionable that the companies that hold the public eye today are mostly from the technology sector. Growing rapidly from the 1990s and onwards, the current leaders in the field now see themselves at the center of concerns over monopoly and trust forming issues that have led to renewed interest form the US Attorney General's Office. Trust busting has been a staple of American Competition Law, particularly in the past few decades and focus is not being turned on the social media giants that have become key players in everyday life. This paper looks to analyze the reasons for such action and the concerns surrounding litigation of this type with particular reference to current complaints against Google, Facebook and Microsoft. While showing the benefits of action to protect legitimate competition, the paper seeks to caution against the notion of overlitigation and the perverse incentives it may provide. Finally, it offers some alternatives to the standard trust-busting solution of company breakups to account for the advent of the digital afe in which these tech giants exist.
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D. Martino, Edoardo, e Evgenia Chouliara. "Risk Retention in Securitisation and Empty Creditors: When Financial Regulation (Positively) Spills Over Corporate Governance". European Business Law Review 33, Issue 5 (1 luglio 2022): 635–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2022029.

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The risk retention rule was introduced in the US and the EU as a mechanism to curb the originate-to-distribute model, associated with securitisations and the financial crisis of 2008. This article argues that besides its original financial stability rationale, the rule has positive spillovers on debt governance and specifically on the incentives to monitor, the design of covenants and the lender’s stance during renegotiation and bankruptcy (the ‘empty creditor’ problem). Risk retention in true sale securitisations makes the strongest case for debt governance, although the existence of various options of retention appears to be associated with varying incentives. For cases where monitoring is performed by a party different than the originator, the introduction of retention by the servicer is a promising although partial solution. The mechanism and effects of risk retention on synthetic securitisations remain ambivalent, given the perverse incentives associated with over-insurance (negative economic ownership). However, the upcoming restriction of double hedging for synthetic STS transactions is a positive development. Law & Finance, Financial Regulation, Debt Governance, Securitisation, Risk Retention
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Dunn, Kelsey. "Gambling on Housing: Is Adverse Possession a Valid Tool for the Reallocation of Vacant Property?" Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 10, n. 4 (aprile 2024): 437–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v10.i4.1.

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Adverse possession, a staple of first-year law school property classes, never fails to shock the conscience of unsuspecting law students. Some are surprised to learn that a squatter can acquire legal title to another person’s property by moving in and using it for a period of years. In recent years, housing activists have begun to view the doctrine as an outside-the-box solution to our nation’s housing crisis. There are dozens of vacant homes for every person experiencing homelessness in America. Why not give those properties to people who actually use them? However, this well-intended impulse does not square with reality. Adverse possession law does not incentivize efficient transfers of property when the adverse possessor is a squatter. In addition, adverse possession is—at best—a niche solution. The vast majority of people experiencing homelessness lack the means to pursue an adverse possession attempt, and American adverse possession law is often incompatible with notions of squatters’ rights. From this perspective, it is tempting to write off this novel application of adverse possession. However, this Article argues that housing activists cause real harm when they advocate for the use of adverse possession. Their rhetoric opens the door for opportunistic individuals to capitalize on unrealistic dreams of home ownership among vulnerable populations. Additionally, it only takes one squatter to trigger public outcry and the imposition of perverse reforms. Therefore, this Article argues that we should not advocate for a cure that could be worse than the disease. Activists must redirect their efforts to interventions that help rather than hurt. Meanwhile, state prosecutors must intervene to stop opportunistic individuals from profiting on others’ adverse possession attempts.
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Jameson, G. J. O. "A fresh look at Euler's limit formula for the gamma function". Mathematical Gazette 98, n. 542 (luglio 2014): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200001261.

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Consider the problem of defining a continuous function f(x) which agrees with factorials at integers. There are many possible ways to do this. In fact, such a function can be constructed by taking any continuous definition of f(x) on [0,1] with f(0) = f(1) = 1 (such as f(x) = 1), and then extending the definition to all x > 1 by the formula f(x + 1) = (x + 1)f(x). This construction was discussed by David Fowler in [1] and [2]. For example, the choice f(x) = ½x(x − 1) + 1 results in a function that is differentiable everywhere, including at integers.However, this approach had already been overtaken in 1729, when Euler obtained the conclusive solution to the problem by defining what we now call the gamma function. Among all the possible functions that reproduce factorials, this is the ‘right’ one, in the sense that it is the only one satisfying a certain smoothness condition which we will specify below. Admittedly, Euler didn't know this. It is known as the Bohr-Mollerup theorem, and was only proved nearly two centuries later.First, a remark on notation: the notation Γ (x) for the gamma function, introduced by Legendre, is such that Γ (n) is actually (n − 1)! instead of n!. Though this might seem a little perverse, it does result in some formulae becoming slightly neater. Some writers, including Fowler, write x! for Γ (x + 1), and refer to this as the ‘factorial function’. However, the notation Γ (x) is very firmly entrenched, and I will adhere to it here.
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Raoult, Patrick-Ange. "L'éphébophilie : agir pervers ou solution narcissique ?" Le Journal des psychologues 276, n. 3 (2010): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jdp.276.0049.

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Milton, Jane. "Abuser and abused: Perverse solutions following childhood abuse". Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 8, n. 3 (gennaio 1994): 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02668739400700241.

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Boersema, Jan, Andrew Blowers e Adrian Martin. "Biofuels and perverse subsidies: fuelling the wrong solutions?" Environmental Sciences 4, n. 4 (dicembre 2007): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15693430701783457.

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Schapira, Pierre. "Vanishing in highest degree for solutions of {$D$}-modules and perverse sheaves". Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences 26, n. 3 (1990): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2977/prims/1195170962.

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Localio, A. Russell, Catharine B. Stack, Anne R. Meibohm, Eric A. Ross, Eliseo Guallar, John B. Wong, John E. Cornell, Michael E. Griswold e Steven N. Goodman. "Inappropriate Statistical Analysis and Reporting in Medical Research: Perverse Incentives and Institutional Solutions". Annals of Internal Medicine 169, n. 8 (9 ottobre 2018): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/m18-2516.

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Massikini, Elie Mary-Joe. "Etiologies sociales et conséquences des avortements non-médicalisés : Mécanismes de solutions, une enquête menée à Selembao en République démocratique du Congo". Revue Congolaise des Sciences & Technologies 01, n. 01 (28 agosto 2022): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.59228/rcst.022.v1.i1.09.

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Les avortements non-médicalisés sont des faits sociaux criminels capables d’empêcher l’épanouissement de cette strate sociale composée des jeunes filles. Dans le cadre de cette étude, la méthode dialectique et la technique d’échantillonnage par grappes ou stratifiée où la population cible est répartie en sous-groupe homogène c’est-à-dire exclusivement des jeunes filles (5.609 individus sur la densité démographique de 56.095 de sujets féminins) ont été utilisés dans le but de mieux comprendre ce fléau social dysfonctionnel. La démarche sociologique consiste à chercher les étiologies sociales des avortements non-médicalisés, à analyser les conséquences multiples afin de trouver des orientations thérapeutiques efficaces pour pouvoir protéger cette masse juvénile féminine en pleine perdition totale. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent que les approches préventives sont efficaces y compris la communication intrafamiliale. Aussi, cette enquête de terrain a révélé que la précarité des parents, les influences iatrogènes groupales, l’irresponsabilité parentale, la carence d’une communication intrafamiliale franche concernant la sexualité épanouie, la curiosité perverse, etc. sont des étiologies sociales des avortements non-médicalisés. Mots clés: Avortements non-médicalisés, jeunes filles, préventions, la famille, pauvreté
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Hortala-Vallve, Rafael, e Valentino Larcinese. "The Perverse Consequences of Policy Restrictions in the Presence of Asymmetric Information". Political Science Research and Methods 5, n. 3 (27 giugno 2016): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2016.30.

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Institutions have the power to limit a government’s policy options. Policy restrictions are often used as solutions to coordination failures or time inconsistency problems. However, policy constraints can have significant drawbacks and these disadvantages have, to date, been overlooked in the literature. When institutional constraints tie a government’s hands, citizens will have less incentive to become informed about politics and participate in collective decision-making. This is because policy restrictions lower the private returns of political information. A fiscal policy restriction, for example, may decrease redistribution by lowering a poorer voters’ acquisition of political information. We illustrate our theoretical findings with numerical simulations and find that in one in three cases these policy restrictions make poorer voters worse off.
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Gow, James Iain. "Les effets pervers d’une bonne idée : la démocratie directe en Californie". Hors thème 17, n. 1-2 (19 novembre 2008): 239–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/040107ar.

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Résumé La démocratie directe a vu le jour en Californie au début du XXe siècle dans la foulée du mouvement progressiste, issu d’un profond désabusement face aux institutions du gouvernement représentatif. En ce sens, elle peut apparaître à plusieurs comme une solution aux problèmes du même genre qui se posent au Québec et au Canada de nos jours. Cependant, l’initiative populaire et le référendum californiens ont engendré des effets inattendus qui, selon plusieurs observateurs, sont à l’opposé de ceux que recherchaient leurs promoteurs. Le débat qu’ils suscitent oblige tout participant à clarifier ses valeurs.
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George, Santhosh, e Atef Ibrahim Elmahdy. "A Quadratic Convergence Yielding Iterative Method for Nonlinear Ill-posed Operator Equations". Computational Methods in Applied Mathematics 12, n. 1 (2012): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cmam-2012-0003.

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AbstractIn this paper, we consider an iterative method for the approximate solution of the nonlinear ill-posed operator equation Tx = y. The iteration procedure converges quadratically to the unique solution of the equation for the regularized approximation. It is known that (Tautanhahn (2002)) this solution converges to the solution of the given ill-posed operator equation. The convergence analysis and the stopping rule are based on a suitably constructed majorizing sequence. We show that the adaptive scheme considered by Perverzev and Schock (2005) for choosing the regularization parameter can be effectively used here for obtaining an optimal order error estimate.
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George, Santhosh, e Suresan Pareth. "Two-Step Modified Newton Method for Nonlinear Lavrentiev Regularization". ISRN Applied Mathematics 2012 (4 aprile 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/728627.

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A two step modified Newton method is considered for obtaining an approximate solution for the nonlinear ill-posed equation F(x)=f when the available data are fδ with ‖f−fδ‖≤δ and the operator F is monotone. The derived error estimate under a general source condition on x0−x^ is of optimal order; here x0 is the initial guess and x^ is the actual solution. The regularization parameter is chosen according to the adaptive method considered by Perverzev and Schock (2005). The computational results provided endorse the reliability and effectiveness of our method.
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Scanlon, Christopher, e John Adlam. "Knowing Your Place and Minding Your Own Business: On Perverse Psychological Solutions to the Imagined Problem of Social Exclusion". Ethics and Social Welfare 7, n. 2 (giugno 2013): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2013.779006.

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CHAITIN, G. J. "RANDOMNESS AND COMPLEXITY IN PURE MATHEMATICS". International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 04, n. 01 (febbraio 1994): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127494000022.

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One normally thinks that everything that is true is true for a reason. I’ve found mathematical truths that are true for no reason at all. These mathematical truths are beyond the power of mathematical reasoning because they are accidental and random. Using software written in Mathematica that runs on an IBM RS/6000 workstation, I constructed a perverse 200-page algebraic equation with a parameter N and 17,000 unknowns: [Formula: see text] For each whole-number value of the parameter N, we ask whether this equation has a finite or an infinite number of whole number solutions. The answers escape the power of mathematical reason because they are completely random and accidental. This work is an extension of the famous results of Gödel and Turing using ideas from a new field called algorithmic information theory.
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Roseveare, Chris. "Editorial". Acute Medicine Journal 12, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2013): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0316.

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Another year has flown past, winter is back and as usual everyone is talking about emergency pressures in the NHS. Recent months have seen a deluge of reports, proposing short and longer term solutions to the challenges we face. The messages will be familiar for those working in acute medicine, who will have seen much of this before. Indeed, the sense of déjà vu, and apparent lack of progress in implementing those same solutions which have been proposed repeatedly over the past decade is often frustrating. But maybe the tide is now turning. There appears to be an increasing recognition that patient flow is the key to easing pressure at the front door – and this requires action at both ends. The biggest cause for crowding in the Emergency Department (ED) is the inability to move patients into the hospital after the decision to admit, due to the lack of an available bed. Attendances in A&E actually drop in January and February: the increased pressure which arises in winter mainly results from increased acuity of the patients attending (leading to a greater proportion requiring admission) and the increased number of patients whose discharge from hospital is delayed. The hospital fills up, bed moves and ‘outlying’ (or ‘boarding’) of patients adds to the inefficiency and further delays ensue. And the result of this is further pressure on the ‘front door’ – ED, and AMU bear the brunt. So what can we do to make a difference? Clearly there need to be long term solutions – integration of health and social care budgets would help to avoid the perverse incentives which currently prevent timely discharge from hospital once a patient’s medical problems have been resolved; staffing difficulties in acute and emergency medicine require a re-think of the way in which such posts are supported (and perhaps remunerated) to ensure that they are attractive career propositions for future generations of doctors; services, both in hospital and the community, need to be delivered over a 7 day basis to reduce the weekly fluctuations in workload which occur each Monday and Friday; tariffs which currently reward elective work more than emergencies need to be changed to encourage hospitals to prioritise their work equitably. All of this has been said before, and will take time; planning for the future is essential, but we have a problem today which requires more immediate action – so here’s my ‘3 point plan’ to make things feel a bit better for the months ahead: 1. Reset the baseline – start each day with empty beds on the AMU: currently most hospitals are full at 9am each day. We strive to achieve discharges in the mornings, but in reality can never quite get enough patients home in time as new admissions start to arrive. Queues start to build and delays ensue, if patients cannot be assessed in a timely fashion. Resolving this requires us to reset our baseline – modelling the capacity required each evening not just to get through the night, but to do so with a few beds left over in AMU. 2. Stop the ‘waiting’: too many patients stay in hospital simply waiting for things to happen. Community delays may feel beyond our control, but it is important to look inwards as well as outwards. Many delays relate to tests, procedures or speciality reviews which could be done more quickly if systems were better organised. If a patient cannot leave hospital until an investigation is done, and the test will only be done once, there is rarely any justification for that test being delayed. Hospitals need to develop local service level agreements to ensure that overnight stays simply to enable tests to be done become a thing of the past. 3. Deploy staff where and when they are needed: everyone in the NHS is working hard, but there are variations in workload at different times and between different teams within the hospital. Often the busiest times are the times when there are fewest staff available, which impacts on the care which can be delivered to patients and the morale of the staff who are trying to provide it. Training more staff will take time, and filling gaps in rotas with expensive locum staff is not necessarily a cost effective solution. We need to look at the staff we have and ensure that they are being deployed in the most effective way. Workload could be shared more equitably between medical and surgical teams, who could also be deployed to support staff in other clinical areas when operating lists are cancelled due to bed pressures. If a major incident arises, the Dunkirk spirit sets in and staff in all areas of the hospital ‘down tools’ to support each other and the patients affected. There are many days in winter where patient care could benefit from this kind of teamwork. Of course nothing is ever simple – if solutions were easy to find we would have sorted this all out a long time ago, but hopefully the articles in this edition will provide you with some food for thought in the weeks ahead. Wishing you all best wishes for the New Year….
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Mello, Michelle M. "Barriers to Ensuring Access to Affordable Prescription Drugs". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 60, n. 1 (6 gennaio 2020): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023518.

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High and rising prescription drug costs have become a preoccupying policy problem in the United States. Notwithstanding broad, bipartisan interest in finding effective policy solutions, several aspects of the drug affordability problem make it an uncommonly difficult one to solve. This article reviews the moral, market, and political factors contributing to the difficulty. Among the moral problems is lack of agreement about how to weigh the fundamental tradeoff involved in regulating drug prices—affordability versus incentives for innovation—and about what constitutes a fair price. Market-related factors include the lack of price transparency and a myriad of perverse incentives in the system through which prescription drugs are supplied to patients. Finally, current policy choices are constrained by past political compromises, and an atmosphere of scandal focusing on egregious instances of price gouging has made rational deliberation about fixes to deeper problems in the system difficult.
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HERNÁNDEZ-ALVAREZ, MYRIAM, e JOSÉ M. GOMEZ. "Survey about citation context analysis: Tasks, techniques, and resources". Natural Language Engineering 22, n. 3 (5 novembre 2015): 327–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324915000388.

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AbstractBibliometric calculations currently used to assess the quality of researchers, articles, and scientific journals have serious structural problems; many authors have noted the weakness of citation counts, because they are purely quantitative and do not differentiate between high- and low-citing papers. If a paper’s reputation is simply evaluated according to the number of its citations, then incomplete, incorrect, or controversial articles may be promoted, regardless of their relevancy. Therefore, perverse incentives are generated for researchers who may publish many incorrect or incomplete papers to achieve high impact indexes. It is essential to improve the objective criteria for automatic article-quality assessments. However, to obtain these new criteria, it is necessary to advance the programmed detection of context, polarity, and function of bibliographic references.We present an overview of general concepts and review contributions to the solutions to problems related to these issues, with the purpose of identifying trends and suggesting possible future research directions.
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de Coning, Cedric. "How Not to Do UN Peacekeeping". Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 29, n. 2 (8 giugno 2023): 152–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02902008.

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Abstract Looking back over the past seventy-five years of UN peacekeeping, the most enduring question has been: Is peacekeeping effective? Historically, most peacekeeping operations have been. However, peacekeeping is currently suffering from a significant trust deficit. One important factor that differentiates contemporary peacekeeping operations with a stabilization mandate from the historic record is the absence of a viable political or peace process. When security is not directed to serve a peace process, it produces a stabilization dilemma: the more effectively a peace operation protects and achieves stability, the less incentive there is for ruling political elites to find long-term political solutions. This dilemma generates several perverse effects, including prolonging the conflict, trapping operations in place with no exit options, increasing the resilience of armed groups, and embedding peacekeeping in the local political economy. The article identifies five factors that help prevent the stabilization dilemma and influence the effectiveness of peace operations.
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Spotorno, Pilar. "Vedanta and Okpabi: A Step Forward in Corporate Group Accountability?" Business Law Review 45, Issue 1 (1 gennaio 2024): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2024001.

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This paper examines the evolving landscape of corporate group accountability, with a focus on recent pivotal judgments by the UK Supreme Court in Vedanta v. Lungowe and Okpabi v. Shell. These landmark cases have highlighted the potential for parent companies to be held liable for the actions of their overseas subsidiaries, based on the duty of care under tort law. The paper delves into the broader implications of these decisions, including their significance in piercing the transnational corporate veil and their unintended consequences. It also explores the debate surrounding whether these rulings encourage or deter multinational corporations (MNCs) from disclosing corporate-wide policies and conducting human rights due diligence in their subsidiaries, impacting corporate social responsibility and international standards. The paper concludes by offering insights into potential solutions to address the complex issue of the ‘perverse incentive’ created by Vedanta and Okpabi. duty of care, corporate group accountability, transnational corporate veil, parental corporate liability, Shell, Vedanta
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Duray-Parmentier, Carine, Noémie Nielens, Elin Duray, Pascal Janne e Maximilien Gourdin. "What are the internal and external solutions (concept of resilience) that we can bring to a “toxic” parent (or perverse narcissic manipulator)?" International Journal of Complementary & Alternative Medicine 15, n. 4 (27 luglio 2022): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijcam.2022.15.00609.

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Kennelly, John. "Ethics: Medical ethics: four principles, two decisions, two roles and no reasons". Journal of Primary Health Care 3, n. 2 (2011): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc11170.

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The ‘four principle’ view of medical ethics has a strong international pedigree. Despite wide acceptance, there is controversy about the meaning and use of the principles in clinical practice as a checklist for moral behaviour. Recent attempts by medical regulatory authorities to use the four principles to judge medical practitioner behaviour have not met with success in clarifying how these principles can be incorporated into a legal framework. This may reflect the philosophical debate about the relationship between law and morals. In this paper, legal decisions from two cases in which general practitioners have been charged with professional shortcomings are discussed. Difficulties with the application of the four principles (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice) to judge medical practitioner behaviour are highlighted. The four principles are relevant to medical practitioner behaviour, but if applied as justifications for disciplinary decisions without explanation, perverse results may ensue. Solutions are suggested to minimise ambiguities in the application of the four principles: adjudicators should acknowledge the difference between professional and common morality and the statutory requirement to give decisions with reasons.
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Ridel, Déborah. "La fabrique des inégalités aux urgences". Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, n. 35-36 (30 dicembre 2020): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.03536.08.

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En partant de l’analyse du travail de l’infirmière d’accueil et d’orientation (IAO), cet article se saisit de la question des traitements différenciés des patients à l’accueil des urgences hospitalières. Basée sur une enquête ethnographique réalisée à l’accueil des urgences d’un centre hospitalier du nord de la France, l’étude montre que le travail de l’IAO est comparable à celui d’un gate-keeper confronté de plein fouet à la difficulté d’exercer correctement sa fonction. S’inscrivant dans une relation de guichet, les IAO doivent jongler entre leurs propres représentations et les injonctions managériales et politiques telles de réelles street-level bureaucrats. Alors qu’une nouvelle gestion du tri des patients apparaît comme une solution de désengorgement des urgences, les contraintes organisationnelles liées à sa mise en place entraînent de nombreux effets pervers qui ont pour conséquence de fabriquer des inégalités dans la prise en charge des patients.
41

Charles Newton Chiumya, Chiza. "Corruption and the Customs Environment: A Dual Approach of Mitigating Corruption Induced Revenue Risks in Customs Administrations". Global Trade and Customs Journal 6, Issue 11/12 (1 novembre 2011): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2011066.

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This article reviews and analyses the dual sides of corruption in Customs Administrations: that of Customs, on one hand, and its environment, on the other. Thus, efforts to mitigate corruption in Customs need to cover both sides through measures that effectively and adequately address this duality. Such measures would be highly effective if the society as a whole is deliberately targeted with an anti-corruption solution that seeks to build a good tax culture, encourages transparency and accountability in both the public and private sectors, addresses societal norms and values that often perversely act to legitimize corruption, and encourages good organizational and political leadership cultures.
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CHOCAT, B., B. AFRIT, T. MAYTRAUD, P. SAVARY e D. TEDOLDI. "Comment mettre en place des règles hydrologiques efficaces pour la gestion durable des eaux pluviales urbaines". Techniques Sciences Méthodes 10 (20 ottobre 2022): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202210039.

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Actuellement, en France, de nombreuses collectivités mettent en place un cadre réglementaire et incitatif visant en particulier à favoriser le développement des solutions dites alternatives de gestion des eaux pluviales urbaines. En s’appuyant sur une approche analytique fondée sur la méthode des pluies, ce document s’intéresse aux conséquences négatives que certaines règles hydrologiques peuvent parfois introduire. Ces conséquences négatives sont dues à la diversité des situations hydrologiques que les dispositifs doivent affronter, à la variété des objectifs poursuivis, à la variété en nature et en taille des opérations d’aménagement et, enfin, au grand nombre de solutions techniques possibles. Il montre que si les règles choisies sont trop rigides ou mal conçues elles peuvent avoir des effets pervers, voire même se révéler contre-productives. Au-delà de ce simple diagnostic, il propose des pistes pour améliorer leur rédaction. Il préconise en particulier la mise en oeuvre d’un ensemble de règles complémentaires, construites de façon à privilégier les objectifs locaux perçus comme essentiels, et adaptées aux différents niveaux de sollicitation pluviométrique. Enfin, il fournit quelques éléments pratiques pour les rédiger de façon appropriée.
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Blanc, Eugène. "La formation des divisions (classes) en collège au risque de la discrimination. Une année scolaire dans un collège difficile : analyse d’un échec". VEI enjeux 6, n. 1 (2002): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/diver.2002.7762.

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La formation des divisions en collège est un acte administratif hautement complexe, qui ne doit pas tout au hasard ou aux choix d’options des familles, surtout dans les établissements qui recrutent un public socialement clivé. L’enquête sociologique montre que les équipes administratives en charge de ce travail, prises dans des contraintes contradictoires, peuvent en venir à valider tacitement les distinctions ethniques qui prévalent dans les représentations sociales, dans l’espoir de préserver l’ordre général, de conserver des publics aisés, etc. Mais, ce faisant, elles s’exposent à rendre certaines classes très difficiles à gérer, à aigrir le climat relationnel à l’intérieur du collège et peut-être, de fil en aiguille, à induire les effets pervers qu’elles voulaient prévenir. Peut-on échapper à la contradiction entre discrimination et départ des familles aisées ? Quelles solutions alternatives sont tentées ? Dans quelle mesure et dans quelles circonstances apportent-elles satisfaction ? Dans quelle mesure génèrent-elles d’autres problèmes ?
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Steel, Brent S., Erika Allen Wolters e Rebecca L. Warner. "Public Preferences for Food–Energy–Water Tradeoffs in the Western U.S." Sustainability 11, n. 19 (23 settembre 2019): 5200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195200.

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The food–energy–water (FEW) nexus is, by definition, a “wicked problem” in that potential solutions in one sector may inadvertently create perverse effects in another. For example, rapid population growth in conjunction with increasing urbanization will add additional stress to current pressures on the world’s FEW resources. Water scarcity will increase challenges in providing plentiful foods, as well as clean, potable water. Water is also critical to energy production—and conversely—energy is needed to deliver clean, safe water. Extant and projected demand for FEW creates an intertwined problem of supply and demand and new policy considerations for managing the nexus. This study examines the FEW policy tradeoff preferences of the public in California, Idaho, Oregon and Washington states, using survey data collected in 2018. More specifically, this study examines the impact of demographic control variables, FEW knowledge, and environmental values and beliefs on hypothetical tradeoffs between FEW policy preferences. Findings suggest that those respondents that believe in human-caused climate change and with higher new ecological paradigm (NEP) scores were more supportive of water quality issues versus hydroelectric energy production, rural solar energy development versus limiting rural solar development for food production, and water quality over food production for a growing population.
45

Favilli, Chiara. "The standard of fundamental rights protection in the field of asylum: The case of the right to an effective remedy between EU law and the Italian Constitution". Review of European Administrative Law 12, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2019): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/187479819x15840066091295.

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Asylum is an example of multilevel protection of fundamental rights in the European legal space, where different standards apply at both national and European level. As far as EU law is concerned, the current standard of protection is mainly regulated by secondary legislation. However, the search for compromisebased solutions when adopting EU legislative measures nurtures a decreasing trend in terms of the level of protection guaranteed to the rights of asylum seekers or refugees. The result at the national level, at least in some Member States, is the decrease of the standard deriving from national constitutions in the name of European harmonization. The right to an effective remedy in the field of asylum is an example of this phenomenon, with poor obligations deriving from the relevant EU legislation and an approach of the CJEU that appears to be more restrictive than that of the ECtHR. In order to contain this perverse trend, the EU institutions involved in the law-making process and the Court of Justice should take seriously their duty – now firmly grounded on EU primary law provisions, notably in the Charter – to avoid conflicts with national standards and to ensure the coherence with the standard of protection guaranteed to the right to an effective remedy by the ECHR.
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Rutland, Mark W. "Chemical physics of electroactive materials: concluding remarks". Faraday Discussions 199 (2017): 615–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fd00176b.

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It is an honour to be charged with providing the concluding remarks for a Faraday Discussion. As many have remarked before, it is nonetheless a prodigious task, and what follows is necessarily a personal, and probably perverse, view of a watershed event in the Chemical Physics of Electroactive materials. The spirit of the conference was captured in a single sentence during the meeting itself.By Andriy Yaroschuk in commenting on the work of Kelsey Hatzell (DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00243a). “It is the nexus between rheology, electrochemistry, colloid science and energy storage”. The current scientific climate is increasingly dominated by a limited number of global challenges, and there is thus a tendency for research to resemble a football match played by 6 year olds, where everyone on the field chases the (funding) ball instead of playing to their “discipline”. It is thus reassuring to see how the application of rigorous chemical physics is leading to ingenious new solutions for both energy storage and harvesting, via, for example, nanoactuation, electrowetting, ionic materials and nanoplasmonics. In fact, the same language of chemical physics allows seamless transition between applications as diverse as mechano-electric energy generation, active moisture transport and plasmonic shutters – even the origins of life were addressed in the context of electro-autocatalysis!
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Barroso, Luís Roberto. "Technological revolution, democratic recession, and climate change: The limits of law in a changing world". International Journal of Constitutional Law 18, n. 2 (luglio 2020): 334–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icon/moaa030.

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Abstract Law is a universal institution that has pretensions of being ubiquitous and complete. However, in a complex, plural and volatile world, its limits and possibilities are shaken by the speed, depth and extent of ongoing transformations, its resulting ethical dilemmas, and the difficulties of forming consensus in the political universe. This article provides a reflection on how the law has attempted to deal with some of the main afflictions of our time, facing demands that include the needs to (i) keep the technological revolution on an ethical and humanitarian track, (ii) avoid democracy being perverted by populist and authoritarian adventures, and (iii) prevent solutions to climate change from coming when it is too late. At a time when even the near future has become unpredictable, the law cannot provide a priori solutions to multiplying problems and anxieties. When this happens, we must set clear goals for the future of humanity, basing them on the essential and perennial values that have followed us since antiquity.
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Massikini, Elie Mary-Joe. "Influence de la Télévision sur la Délinquance Juvénile à Kinshasa (RD Congo) et Thérapie Sociale: Etude Menée dans le Quartier Kingasani". Revue Congolaise des Sciences & Technologies 01, n. 01 (10 giugno 2022): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59228/rcst.022.v1.i1.10.

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La présente étude avait pour but d’analyser l’influence de la télévision sur la délinquance juvénile communément appelée Kuluna à Kinshasa. En vue de trouver une solution durable à ce malaise social, une enquête selon la technique d’échantillonnage aléatoire simple a été réalisée auprès de 1700 sujets, pour la plupart jeunes, dont l’âge variait entre 13 ans à 26 ans, dans lequel il y a 844 individus de sexe masculin et 836 individus de sexe féminin, tiré de la population du quartier Kingasani dont la taille s’élève à 17 000 habitants. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent que la télévision joue un rôle socialement pervers. La violence dans la strate sociale de jeunes et le média, principalement la télévision à travers ses chaines, contribuent à la production sociale de la délinquance juvénile en milieu pauvre Kinois. La famille joue ainsi un rôle important dans la mise en place d’une communication intrafamiliale susceptible de protéger les enfants contre l’influence des chaines télé-visualisées sur l’éthologie et la violence chez les jeunes. Mots clés: Communication intrafamiliale, Phénomène Kuluna, déterminants sociaux, loi dialectique, démission parentale
49

Rodríguez, John Ibañez, Santiago Rocha Durán, Daniel Díaz-López, Javier Pastor-Galindo e Félix Gómez Mármol. "C3-Sex: A Conversational Agent to Detect Online Sex Offenders". Electronics 9, n. 11 (27 ottobre 2020): 1779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111779.

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Prevention of cybercrime is one of the missions of Law Enforcement Agencies (LEA) aiming to protect and guarantee sovereignty in the cyberspace. In this regard, online sex crimes are among the principal ones to prevent, especially those where a child is abused. The paper at hand proposes C3-Sex, a smart chatbot that uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) to interact with suspects in order to profile their interest regarding online child sexual abuse. This solution is based on our Artificial Conversational Entity (ACE) that connects to different online chat services to start a conversation. The ACE is designed using generative and rule-based models in charge of generating the posts and replies that constitute the conversation from the chatbot side. The proposed solution also includes a module to analyze the conversations performed by the chatbot and calculate a set of 25 features that describes the suspect’s behavior. After 50 days of experiments, the chatbot generated a dataset with 7199 profiling vectors with the features associated to each suspect. Afterward, we applied an unsupervised method to describe the results that differentiate three groups, which we categorize as indifferent, interested, and pervert. Exhaustive analysis is conducted to validate the applicability and advantages of our solution.
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Kelley, Leah Taylor, Jamie Fujioka, Kyle Liang, Madeline Cooper, Trevor Jamieson e Laura Desveaux. "Barriers to Creating Scalable Business Models for Digital Health Innovation in Public Systems: Qualitative Case Study". JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 6, n. 4 (10 dicembre 2020): e20579. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20579.

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Background Health systems are increasingly looking toward the private sector to provide digital solutions to address health care demands. Innovation in digital health is largely driven by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), yet these companies experience significant barriers to entry, especially in public health systems. Complex and fragmented care models, alongside a myriad of relevant stakeholders (eg, purchasers, providers, and producers of health care products), make developing value propositions for digital solutions highly challenging. Objective This study aims to identify areas for health system improvement to promote the integration of innovative digital health technologies developed by SMEs. Methods This paper qualitatively analyzes a series of case studies to identify health system barriers faced by SMEs developing digital health technologies in Canada and proposed solutions to encourage a more innovative ecosystem. The Women’s College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care established a consultation program for SMEs to help them increase their innovation capacity and take their ideas to market. The consultation involved the SME filling out an onboarding form and review of this information by an expert advisory committee using guided considerations, leading to a recommendation report provided to the SME. This paper reports on the characteristics of 25 SMEs who completed the program and qualitatively analyzed their recommendation reports to identify common barriers to digital health innovation. Results A total of 2 central themes were identified, each with 3 subthemes. First, a common barrier to system integration was the lack of formal evaluation, with SMEs having limited resources and opportunities to conduct such an evaluation. Second, the health system’s current structure does not create incentives for clinicians to use digital technologies, which threatens the sustainability of SMEs’ business models. SMEs faced significant challenges in engaging users and payers from the public system due to perverse economic incentives. Physicians are compensated by in-person visits, which actively works against the goals of many digital health solutions of keeping patients out of clinics and hospitals. Conclusions There is a significant disconnect between the economic incentives that drive clinical behaviors and the use of digital technologies that would benefit patients’ well-being. To encourage the use of digital health technologies, publicly funded health systems need to dedicate funding for the evaluation of digital solutions and streamlined pathways for clinical integration.

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