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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Perfluorés"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 24 agosto 2024

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1

BODIN, Clara, Roxane CHÊNE, Annie MARION, Léa SOUVIGNET, Aurélie CORTÉJADE e Mickaël NICOLAS. "Développement et validation d’une méthode de quantification de 25 composés perfluorés dans les eaux usées". TSM 12 2023, TSM 12 2023 (20 dicembre 2023): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202312143.

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Suite à la détection de quantités importantes de composés perfluorés dans des prélèvements d’air, de sol, d’eau ainsi que de lait maternel, deux arrêtés préfectoraux de la préfecture du Rhône, datant de mai 2022, ont défini les limites de quantification de ces contaminants environnementaux à 10 ng/L dans les eaux usées. Ces composés très persistants et considérés comme des perturbateurs endocriniens peuvent avoir des effets non négligeables sur la santé humaine. La nécessité de développer de nouveaux outils de détection et de quantification de ces molécules dans les eaux de rejets est donc urgente et indispensable. Afin de répondre au besoin de quantifier ces contaminants environnementaux à de basses teneurs, une méthode d’analyse par chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse en tandem, a été développée. Au préalable, les échantillons subissent une étape de préparation d’échantillons permettant d’extraire les composés d’intérêt des eaux usées par une extraction liquide-liquide. Cette méthode a été validée selon la norme NF T90-210 et permet la détection de 25 composés perfluorés et la quantification de 15 d’entre eux, jusqu’à des teneurs de l’ordre de 10 ng/L, comme demandé par les arrêtés préfectoraux. Les taux de recouvrement s’élèvent entre 87 et 117 % avec des coefficients de variation de fidélité intermédiaire compris entre 6 et 25 %. La méthode analytique est ainsi accréditée Cofrac pour 15 composés perfluorés. Enfin, cette dernière a été appliquée à plus d’une centaine d’échantillons d’eaux usées, dits réels, démontrant la pollution d’un grand nombre d’entre eux aux composés perfluorés. Parmi ces composés, trois sont les plus souvent retrouvés dans les eaux résiduaires, il s’agit du PFOA, du PFNA et du PFHxA.

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Portella, C., e J. P. Pete. "Photoréduction d'esters d'acides perfluorés dans l'hexaméthylphosphortriamide (HMPT). Elimination sélective du fluor en α du groupe carboxyle". Tetrahedron Letters 26, n. 2 (gennaio 1985): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61882-8.

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3

Boutevin, B., B. Youssef, L. Abdellah e N. M. Dinia. "Synthèse et propriétés de polysiloxanes photoré ticulables—IV. Polysiloxanes à greffons perfluorés et à greffons uréthanes vinyliques". European Polymer Journal 32, n. 6 (giugno 1996): 701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(95)00210-3.

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4

Léty-Sistel, Chantal, Bernard Sébille e Claude Quivoron. "Étude Spectroscopique De La Formation De Complexes Par Liaison Hydrogène Entre La Polyvinylpyrrolidone Et Des Acides Carboxyliques Perfluorés". Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Symposia 52, n. 1 (8 marzo 2007): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polc.5070520126.

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5

CHATELET, A., A. FOURNIER, S. JURJANZ, S. LERCH, H. TOUSSAINT, M. DELANNOY, C. FEIDT e G. RYCHEN. "L’épandage de matières fertilisantes d’origine résiduaire sur les prairies comporte-t-il des risques en termes de transfert de polluants organiques et inorganiques vers la chaîne alimentaire ?" INRA Productions Animales 28, n. 5 (14 gennaio 2020): 383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2015.28.5.3041.

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L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les points de vigilance relatifs aux transferts de polluants inorganiques ou organiques vers les animaux d’élevage via l’ingestion de sol, de plantes, d’eau ou encore de pédofaune, consécutivement à l’épandage de MAtières Fertilisantes d’Origine Résiduaire (MAFOR) sur les prairies. Cette identification consiste à prendre en compte simultanément les quantités de polluants ingérées (quantité de matrice ingérée × concentration du polluant dans cette matrice), la fraction biodisponible et le devenir des polluants au sein de l’organisme. Les études réalisées en conditions de terrain et qui renseignent l’ensemble des données nécessaires pour estimer l’impact des MAFOR épandues sur prairies sont rares et peu conclusives. Elles reposent principalement sur l’application des boues de stations d’épuration sur des prairies et ne permettent pas de comparer l’impact des autres formes de MAFOR. Cependant, en prenant en compte l’ensemble des connaissances sur les transferts de polluants vers les produits animaux, il apparaît que les polluants organiques sont plus fortement absorbés que les Eléments Traces Métalliques (ETM). Seuls les composés peu biotransformés s’accumulent significativement dans les produits animaux. In fine, les polluants organiques se concentrent généralement dans les tissus et produits gras alors que les ETM se retrouvent préférentiellement dans les abats. Cependant, un manque manifeste de connaissances sur le devenir de contaminants organiques émergents (bromés, perfluorés, phtalates et paraffines) ou de certains ETM (vanadium et thallium) doit être signalé. De manière globale, les transferts de polluants organiques et inorganiques vers les produits animaux, suite à l’épandage de MAFOR sur les prairies, ne peuvent être exclus.

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6

Giroux, Isabelle, Serge Hébert e David Berryman. "Qualité de l’eau du Saint-Laurent de 2000 à 2014 : paramètres classiques, pesticides et contaminants émergents". Qualité de l’eau 140, n. 2 (2 giugno 2016): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036500ar.

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Selon l’indice de qualité bactériologique et physicochimique (IQBP5), l’eau du Saint-Laurent est de bonne qualité en amont de Montréal, mais elle se détériore en aval, dans le chenal de navigation et dans la masse d’eau au nord de celui-ci, à cause de la contamination bactériologique provenant des stations d’épuration de Montréal, Longueuil et Repentigny. Au sud du chenal, la qualité est bonne ou satisfaisante tout au long du corridor fluvial. Dans la région de Québec, toutes les stations d’échantillonnage présentent une eau de bonne qualité ou à la limite de cette classe. De 2000 à 2014, le pourcentage de stations de qualité mauvaise ou très mauvaise a diminué, mais la fréquence de dépassement des critères de qualité pour le phosphore et les coliformes fécaux n’a pas montré de tendance significative. De 4 à 33 pesticides ont été détectés dans les tributaires du Saint-Laurent, selon le tributaire, et 20 de ces produits ont été détectés dans le lac Saint-Pierre. Les concentrations de clothianidine, de thiaméthoxame et d’atrazine dans le lac ont parfois dépassé les critères de qualité de l’eau pour la protection des espèces aquatiques. Les contaminants d’intérêt émergent comme les nonylphénols éthoxylés, les PBDE, les composés perfluorés et les produits pharmaceutiques et de soins personnels sont également présents dans le Saint-Laurent. Les concentrations de PBDE dans le poisson dépassent les critères pour la protection du poisson lui-même et ceux concernant la faune terrestre piscivore. Les concentrations de nonylphénols éthoxylés ont diminué à la suite de mesures de contrôle gouvernementales instaurées durant les années 2000. Après 2 décennies d’amélioration, la qualité de l’eau du Saint-Laurent est restée relativement stable entre 2000 et 2014. Cependant, de nouveaux pesticides et des contaminants d’intérêt émergents ont été détectés et, pour plusieurs d’entre eux, les connaissances actuelles ne permettent pas de cerner leurs effets potentiels sur l’écosystème.

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7

Golokhvastova, D. S., Ya V. Zonov, V. M. Karpov e T. V. Mezhenkova. "Interaction of polyfluorobenzocyclobutenes with oleum". Журнал органической химии 59, n. 1 (15 gennaio 2023): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0514749223010032.

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When perfluorinated 1-methyl- and 1-ethylbenzocyclobutenes, 2-methyl- and 2-ethylbenzocyclobutenones react with 20% oleum at 150°C, 3-perfluoroalkyl-4,5,6,7-tetrafluorophthalides and perfluoro-3hydroxy-3-alkylphthalides are formed in approximately equal proportions. Along with them, perfluoro-2hydroxy-2-methylbenzocyclobutenone was obtained in the reaction of perfluoro-2-methylbenzocyclobutenone with oleum at 100°C. Under the action of oleum, perfluoro-2-phenylbenzocyclobutenone forms perfluoro-2-benzoylbenzoic acid, and polyfluorobenzocyclobutene-1,2-diols form their cyclic sulfates.

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8

Billah, Md Baki. "Determination of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in China". Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences 5, n. 1 (25 settembre 2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jujbs.v5i1.29740.

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Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) can be absorbed on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and used as stain, water and grease repellent in a wide range of consumer products. Among the PFCs, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluoro octanoic acid (PFOA) are widely detected in human blood and serum and are of concern due to their potential toxicity. In the present experiment, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from some northern (Beijing, Xian) and southern (Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Xiamen) cities of China were collected and analyzed for perfluoro butanoic acid (PFBA), perfluoro hexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoro octanoic acid (PFOA), perfluoro nonanoic acid (PFNA), perfluoro decanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoro undecanoic acid (PFUdA), perfluoro dodecanoic acid (PFDoA), perfluoro hexanesulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluoro octanesulfonate (PFOS) using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The total PFCs ranged from 121.2 to 192.2pg/m3, leading by Guangzhou followed by Xian, Beijing, Xiamen and Hong Koung. Among the nine measured PFCs compounds, the level of PFHxS was below the limit of detection in all the sampling cities. The other eight PFCs (PFOS, PFDoA, PFUdA, PFDA, PFNA, PFOA, PFHxA and PFBA) were detected in all the sampling locations except PFDoA in Hong Kong samples. Human exposure estimated to PFCs for adults showed PFOS as the dominant inhaled compound representing 1.59, 1.15, 1.0 and 1.0 ng/day exposure for Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Beijing and Xian respectively. Results from this study contribute to our understanding of exposure pathways of PFCs to humans.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 5(1): 21-27, 2016 (June)

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HOGUE, CHERYL. "FOCUS ON PERFLUOROS". Chemical & Engineering News 81, n. 16 (21 aprile 2003): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n016.p009.

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Kovtonyuk, Vladimir N., Yuri V. Gatilov, Pavel V. Nikul’shin e Roman A. Bredikhin. "Synthesis of Polyfluorinated Thia- and Oxathiacalixarenes Based on Perfluoro-m-xylene". Molecules 26, n. 3 (20 gennaio 2021): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030526.

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Perfluorinated tetrathiacalix[4]arene was obtained by heating perfluoro-m-xylene with thiourea or 2,5-difluoro-4,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene-1,3-dithiol at 90 °C. Interaction of perfluoro-m-xylene with resorcinol or orcinol under mild conditions and subsequent heating of the mixture with 2,5-difluoro-4,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene-1,3-dithiol leads to polyfluorinated dioxadithiacalix[4]arenes. Triphenyl and pentaphenyl ethers formed by the interaction of perfluoro-m-xylene with resorcinol under heating with thiourea gives polyfluorinated oxathiacalixarenes containing six and five aromatic nuclei, respectively.

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11

Yang, Ji-Cheng, Hong-Bo Ni, Jin Li, Cheng-Xue Zhao e Yong-Ming Zhang. "Synthesis and Characterisation of P-perfluoro{-1-[2-(2-fluorosulfonylethoxy) Propoxy]}Ethylated Polystyrene". Journal of Chemical Research 2005, n. 8 (agosto 2005): 546–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823405774663336.

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A new kind of fluorinated polystyrene bearing a p-perfluoro{-1-[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl)propoxy]}ethyl group has been synthesised by one-electron oxidation of polystyrene by perfluoro{2-[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl) propoxy]}propionyl peroxide at different peroxide to polystyrene molar ratios. The yield of ω–fluorosulfonyl perfluoroalkylation decreases with increase in the reactant molar ratio. The modified polymer was characterised by various techniques: the ring perfluoro{-1-[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl)propoxy]}ethylation was proved by FT-IR, 19F NMR and DSC; desulfonylation of the fluorinated polystyrene appearing at 126° has been found by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The contact angles of water on the surface of ω–fluorosulfonyl perfluoroalkylated polystyrene were determined.

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12

Golden, William G., Erin M. Brown, Sadie E. Solem e Robert W. Zoellner. "Complete conformational analyses of perfluoro-n-pentane, perfluoro-n-hexane, and perfluoro-n-heptane". Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 867, n. 1-3 (ottobre 2008): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2008.07.011.

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13

Gimenez, Diana, Anica Dose, Nicholas L. Robson, Graham Sandford, Steven L. Cobb e Christopher R. Coxon. "2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol as a solvent to control nucleophilic peptide arylation". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 15, n. 19 (2017): 4081–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ob00295e.

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14

Guzmán Almagro, Elena, Rosario Cobo Soriano, Irene Fuentes-Vega, Ana Fernández Hortelano e Julio González Martin-Moro. "Retained subretinal perfluorocarbon in multimodal image". OphthaTherapy. Therapies in Ophthalmology 8, n. 2 (8 aprile 2021): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ot.100421.

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Introduction: Retained subretinal perfluoro-n-octane droplets occur in nearly 1% of the procedures. When subretinal cystoid cavities are registered, differential diagnosis including this condition is needed. Clinical case: A 77-year-old male presented three small bubbles of perfluoro-n-octane under the papillomacular bundle after vitrectomy due to a retina redetachment, evidenced by multimodal image. Conclusions: Multimodal image can help to diagnose this condition. There are several signs that can support this diagnosis. If visual acuity is threatened, removing the bubbles is mandatory, accepting risks.

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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Maurice Le Blanc, Fayez El Khatib e Max Koeniga. "Ozonolyse d'olefines perfluorees". Tetrahedron Letters 26, n. 24 (gennaio 1985): 2889–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)98863-4.

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D, Kumar. "Perfluoro Curcumin Strongly Interacts with ABC Transporter (ABCG2): A Molecular Docking Study". Journal of Embryology & Stem Cell Research 2, n. 2 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jes-16000113.

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17

Chowdhury, Tuhin, e Aditya Pradhan. "Acute Hydrops with Micro-Cornea – an Extremely Rare Condition: A Case Report". Ophthalmology @ Point of Care 1, n. 1 (gennaio 2017): oapoc.0000003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/oapoc.0000003.

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Purpose To report the first case of a one-eyed child with micro-cornea, coloboma of iris and acute hydrops without any other disorder of the cornea or systemic disease. Methods Intracameral injection of perfluoro propane (C3F8) gas was performed under general anaesthesia. Results Resolution of the hydrops was observed at 1st week of follow-up, which was confirmed by anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Patient was subsequently lost to follow-up. Conclusions Intracameral injection of perfluoro propane gas is an effective way to quickly resolve acute hydrops. In this specific case, the patient presented with micro-cornea and no other corneal abnormalities.

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18

Begum, Farzana, Muhammad Ikram, Brendan Twamley e Robert J. Baker. "Perfluorinated phosphine and hybrid P–O ligands for Pd catalysed C–C bond forming reactions in solution and on Teflon supports". RSC Advances 9, n. 50 (2019): 28936–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra04863d.

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19

Roesner, Emily K., Darya Asheghali, Alina Kirillova, Michael J. Strauss, Austin M. Evans, Matthew L. Becker e William R. Dichtel. "Arene–perfluoroarene interactions confer enhanced mechanical properties to synthetic nanotubes". Chemical Science 13, n. 8 (2022): 2475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc05932g.

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20

Shou, Keyun, Jun Ki Hong, Elliot S. Wood, James M. Hook, Andrew Nelson, Yanting Yin, Gunther G. Andersson, Antonio Abate, Ullrich Steiner e Chiara Neto. "Ultralow surface energy self-assembled monolayers of iodo-perfluorinated alkanes on silica driven by halogen bonding". Nanoscale 11, n. 5 (2019): 2401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr08195f.

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21

Wei, Han-Chao, e Richard J. Lagow. "The synthesis of the largest perfluoro macrocycles; perfluoro [60]-crown-20 and perfluoro [30]-crown-10". Chemical Communications, n. 21 (2000): 2139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b004168h.

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22

Colpaert, Maxime, Marta Zaton, Vincent Ladmiral, Deborah Jones, Jacques Rozière e Bruno Ameduri. "Crosslinked terpolymers of vinylidene fluoride, perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octene sulfonyl fluoride, and cure site monomers for membranes in PEMFC applications". Polymer Chemistry 10, n. 17 (2019): 2176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py00188c.

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Crawford, Jennifer M., Kyle E. Shelton, Emily K. Reeves, Bryce K. Sadarananda e Dipannita Kalyani. "Nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative arylation of azoles with perfluoro- and nitrobenzoates". Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2, n. 6 (2015): 726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5qo00040h.

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24

Decato, Sarah, Troy Bemis, Eric Madsen e Sandro Mecozzi. "Synthesis and characterization of perfluoro-tert-butyl semifluorinated amphiphilic polymers and their potential application in hydrophobic drug delivery". Polym. Chem. 5, n. 22 (2014): 6461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4py00882k.

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Hao, Jinmeng, Yanfeng Wei e Jianxin Mu. "Ultra-low dielectric constant materials with hydrophobic property derived from polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (POSS) and perfluoro-aromatics". RSC Advances 6, n. 90 (2016): 87433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17499j.

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Sysoiev, Dmytro, e Thomas Huhn. "Basic enemies of photochromism: irreversible transformation of fluorinated diarylethenes to polyenic enamines and enols". Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 19, n. 11 (2020): 1511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0pp00292e.

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Vasiliev, N. V., Yu E. Lyashenko, A. E. Patalakha e G. A. Sokolski. "Perfluoro 1,3,4-oxadiazoles". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 58, n. 2-3 (agosto 1992): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(00)80841-6.

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Vasiliev, N. V., Yu E. Lyashenko, A. E. Patalakha e G. A. Sokolski. "Perfluoro-1,3,4-oxadiazoles". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 65, n. 3 (dicembre 1993): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(00)80860-x.

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Wessolowski, Holger, Gerd-Volker Röschenthaler, Rolf Winter e Gary L. Gard. "(E)-1,2-Difluoro-1-(pentafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl)- 2-iodoethylene". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 46, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1991): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1991-0122.

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Yi, Hai, Markus Albrecht, Arto Valkonen e Kari Rissanen. "Perfluoro-1,1′-biphenyl and perfluoronaphthalene and their derivatives as π-acceptors for anions". New Journal of Chemistry 39, n. 1 (2015): 746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj01654h.

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Ji, Li, Jia-Shuai Liu, Xiao-Yan Wang, Jun-Fang Li, Zhou Chen, Saihu Liao, Xiu-Li Sun e Yong Tang. "An efficient and mild route to highly fluorinated polyolefins via copolymerization of ethylene and 5-perfluoroalkylnorbornenes". Polymer Chemistry 10, n. 26 (2019): 3604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py00009g.

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Sha, Min, Ren Ming Pan e Biao Jiang. "One-Pot Catalytic Epoxidation Reaction of Perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene with Tri-n-butylamine N-Oxide or N, N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine N-Oxide". Advanced Materials Research 685 (aprile 2013): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.685.357.

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Abstract (sommario):

Perfluoro epoxy compounds are important intermediates in organic chemistry, however, the methods for preparing them are scanty. We found that in situ generated tri-n-butylamine N-oxide and N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine N-oxide were found to be good reagents for the epoxidation of tri-substituted Perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene in good to excellent yields. Catalytic epoxidation methods were developed by coupling this reaction with the N-oxidation of tertiary amine by hydrogen peroxide or MCPBA. The advantages of these methods are easy work-up, mild reaction conditions, environmentally friendly and low cost. The reaction using MCPBA as a oxidant is better than hydrogen peroxide for it is fast and high yielding.

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Woodlief, Tracey, Samuel Vance, Qing Hu e Jamie DeWitt. "Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure". Toxics 9, n. 5 (1 maggio 2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050100.

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Novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were recently identified in drinking water sources throughout North Carolina. These include the perfluoroether acids (PFEAs) perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA), perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMOPrA), and perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid (PFMOBA). Little toxicological data exist for these PFEAs. Therefore, the present study described signs of toxicity and immunotoxicity following oral exposure. Adult male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed once/day for 30 days to PFMOAA (0, 0.00025, 0.025, or 2.5 mg/kg), PFMOPrA, or PFMOBA (0, 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg). A dose of 7.5 mg/kg of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was used as a positive control. Terminal body weights, and absolute liver, spleen, or thymus weights did not differ by dose for any compound; exposure to 50 mg/kg of PFMOBA increased relative liver weights in males. Changes in splenic cellularity were observed in males exposed to PFMOPrA and decreased numbers of B and natural killer (NK) cells were observed in males and females exposed to PFMOBA. Exposure did not alter NK cell cytotoxicity or T cell-dependent antibody responses at doses administered. Our results indicate that these “understudied” PFAS have toxicological potential but require additional investigation across endpoints and species, including humans, to understand health effects via drinking water exposure.

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Barbosa, Marta O., Nuno Ratola, Vera Homem, M. Fernando R. Pereira, Adrián M. T. Silva, Ana R. L. Ribeiro, Marta Llorca e Marinella Farré. "Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances in Portuguese Rivers: Spatial-Temporal Monitoring". Molecules 28, n. 3 (26 gennaio 2023): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031209.

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Eighteen per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in surface waters of four river basins in Portugal (Ave, Leça, Antuã, and Cértima) during the dry and wet seasons. All sampling sites showed contamination in at least one of the seasons. In the dry season, perfluorooctanoate acid (PFOA) and perfluoro-octane sulfonate (PFOS), were the most frequent PFASs, while during the wet season these were PFOA and perfluobutane-sulfonic acid (PFBS). Compounds detected at higher concentrations were PFOS (22.6 ng L−1) and perfluoro-butanoic acid (PFBA) (22.6 ng L−1) in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Moreover, the prospective environmental risks of PFASs, detected at higher concentrations, were evaluated based on the Risk Quotient (RQ) classification, which comprises acute and chronic toxicity. The results show that the RQ values of eight out of the nine PFASs were below 0.01, indicating low risk to organisms at different trophic levels in the four rivers in both seasons, wet and dry. Nevertheless, in the specific case of perfluoro-tetradecanoic acid (PFTeA), the RQ values calculated exceeded 1 for fish (96 h) and daphnids (48 h), indicating a high risk for these organisms. Furthermore, the RQ values were higher than 0.1, indicating a medium risk for fish, daphnids and green algae (96 h).

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35

Pereira-da-Silva, J., M. Mendes, F. Kossoski, A. I. Lozano, R. Rodrigues, N. C. Jones, S. V. Hoffmann e F. Ferreira da Silva. "Perfluoro effect on the electronic excited states of para-benzoquinone revealed by experiment and theory". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, n. 3 (2021): 2141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp05626j.

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36

Farkas, Vajk, Gábor Turczel, János Deme, Attila Domján, László Trif, Anvar Mirzaei, Dang Vu Hai et al. "Synthesis and characterization of a pH-responsive mesalazine-polynorbornene supramolecular assembly". Polymer Chemistry 12, n. 14 (2021): 2175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py00194a.

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Abstract (sommario):

A pH-responsive mesalazine (anti-inflammatory drug for Crohn's disease)–crown ether and perfluoro tert-butyl functionalized polynorbornene supramolecular assembly has been prepared for targeted drug delivery.

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37

Liu, Yang, Wangchang Li, Peiying Li, Yanmin Guo, Peng Cui e Zhuxia Zhang. "Theoretical exploration of noncovalent interactions in Sc₂C₂@C_2n (n = 40, 41, and 42)⊂[12]CPP, PF[12]CPP". RSC Advances 13, n. 7 (2023): 4553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra08153a.

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Abstract (sommario):

A detailed study of noncovalent interactions between carbon nanorings, namely, [12]cycloparaphenylene ([12]CPP) and perfluoro[12]cycloparaphenylene (PF[12]CPP), and fullerenes using density functional theory.

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38

Chavan, Santosh N., Anil K. Padhan e Debaprasad Mandal. "Self-assembly of fluorous amphiphilic copolymers with ionogels and surface switchable wettability". Polymer Chemistry 9, n. 17 (2018): 2258–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8py00273h.

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39

Копылов, Павел Сергеевич. "Fire extinguishing efficiency of perfluoro-isohexenes". Pozharnaia bezopasnost`, n. 1(102) (24 marzo 2021): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37657/vniipo.pb.2021.67.54.005.

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Abstract (sommario):

Показана нехватка современных веществ для газового пожаротушения, вызванная борьбой с глобальным потеплением. Описаны подходы к поиску перспективных газовых огнетушащих веществ (ГОТВ), применявшиеся ранее. Предложен новый подход и найдены с его помощью принципиально новые огнетушащие вещества, полностью удовлетворяющие современным экологическим и токсикологическим требованиям. The paper is devoted to investigation of perfluoro-isohexenes as new gaseous fire suppressants. The current situation in the field of fire protection with chemically active gases is analyzed. The problem of greenhouse gases replacement during fire suppression is discussed. The disadvantage of existing alternative agents is short atmospheric lifetime. It is also shown that the existing approach to development of new gaseous fire extinguishing substances is almost exhausted. New group of gaseous agents for fire suppression - perfluoro-isohexenes - is proposed based on new approach. These substances are non-toxic and have very short atmospheric lifetime. Two types of experimental equipment were used in this work to investigate properties of aforesaid substances as extinguishing agents. It was implemented to determine flammability limits of gaseous mixtures and fire extinguishing concentration of gaseous fire suppressants having high boiling point. It was shown that perfluoro-isohexenes are non-flammable and their extinguishing properties are substantially better than properties of the nearest equivalent - perfuoroethyl-isopropylketone. These results are discussed from the point of view of the features of transformation of considered fire extinguishing substances in a flame.

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40

Hösl, Andreas, Juriy Pachin, Alise Chachereau, Andreas Kornath e Christian M. Franck. "Perfluoro-1,3-dioxolane and perfluoro-oxetane: promising gases for electrical insulation". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 52, n. 5 (26 novembre 2018): 055203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aaef5b.

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41

Malinowski, Marek, Agnieszka Iwan, Igor Tazbir, Bartosz Boharewicz, Andrzej Sikora e Andrzej Stafiniak. "Polyazomethines and their acid–base interactions with Nafion and Nafion–imidazole membranes for efficient fuel cells". Sustainable Energy & Fuels 1, n. 8 (2017): 1810–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7se00296c.

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Abstract (sommario):

We propose, for the first time, aromatic polyazomethines applied in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) as tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octene-sulfonic acid copolymer (PFSA) membrane modifiers.

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42

Ge, H., E. Yamazaki, N. Yamashita, S. Taniyasu, A. Ogata e M. Furuuchi. "Particle size specific distribution of perfluoro alkyl substances in atmospheric particulate matter in Asian cities". Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 19, n. 4 (2017): 549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6em00564k.

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43

Wu, Tingjuan, Anfeng Li, Kexin Chen, Xingxing Peng, Jing Zhang, Mou Jiang, Shizhen Chen, Xing Zheng, Xin Zhou e Zhong-Xing Jiang. "Perfluoro-tert-butanol: a cornerstone for high performance fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging". Chemical Communications 57, n. 63 (2021): 7743–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc02133h.

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Abstract (sommario):

With nine equivalent ¹⁹F and a modifiable hydroxyl group, perfluoro-tert-butanol has outperformed most perfluorocarbons as a valuable building block for high performance ¹⁹F MRI agents.

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44

Hao, Jinmeng, Yanfeng Wei, Bo Chen e Jianxin Mu. "Polymerization of polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (POSS) with perfluoro-monomers and a kinetic study". RSC Advances 7, n. 18 (2017): 10700–10706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra26183c.

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Abstract (sommario):

The polymerization of diphenol polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (2OH-DDSQ) with a series of perfluoro-monomers was studied to obtain the optimized reaction for the preparation of POSS-containing fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s.

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45

Mel’nik, O. A., М. S. Kondratenko, A. A. Tyutyunov, S. M. Igumnov e A. R. Khokhlov. "Synthesis and hydrophobic properties of poly[(perfluoro-tret-hexyl)bytylmethacrylate]". Доклады Академии наук 485, n. 4 (22 maggio 2019): 447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524854447-450.

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Abstract (sommario):

A new fluorinated polymethacrylate with perfluoro-tret-hexyl groups in the side chain has been prepared by radical polymerization. Polymer films applied from solutions in supercritical carbon dioxide enables the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings.

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46

Peng, Y., J. X. Hu, H. Lu, R. M. Wilson, M. Motevalli, I. Hernández, W. P. Gillin, P. B. Wyatt e H. Q. Ye. "Functionalisation of ligands through click chemistry: long-lived NIR emission from organic Er(iii) complexes with a perfluorinated core and a hydrogen-containing shell". RSC Advances 7, n. 1 (2017): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra25494b.

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Abstract (sommario):

Erbium complexes with a fluorinated organic core shell linked to a hydrogen-containing shell, have been synthesized using the click reaction between erbium(iii) bis(perfluoro-4-azidophenyl)phosphinate and a series of alkynes.

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47

Arslanov, G. M., B. M. Aznabaev, T. R. Mukhamadeev, Z. R. Yanbukhtina, T. I. Dibaev e G. R. Shakirova. "Electron Microscopic Retina Changes in Rabbit Eyes with Perfluorocarbon Liquids Intravitreal Tamponade". Ophthalmology in Russia 16, n. 1 (30 marzo 2019): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2019-1-81-87.

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Abstract (sommario):

Purpose. Analysis of electron microscopic changes in rabbit eyes with intravitreal tamponade of perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCL) (perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane and perfluorodecalin).Material and Methods. The study was performed on Chinchilla breed rabbits. 25G vitrectomy with PFCL intravitreal tamponade was performed on 12 eyes of 6 rabbits (perfluorodecalin (Bausch+Lomb «Dk-line», USA) and perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane (ZAO “Optimedservis”, Russia). Standard three-port vitrectomy technique was used. After removal of the vitreous body 2.5 ml of PFCL were injected in vitreous cavity. Research studies were performed in 5, 14 and 30 days after surgery by electron microscopy. Eyes were enucleated in 20 minutes after animal was killed by air embolization. Intact eyes were used as a control. All samples were prepared in same conditions. The damage of the retina architectonics and the presence of intracellular inclusions were evaluated.Results. Tamponade of the vitreous cavity by both types of PFCL in 5, 14 and 30 day caused following similar electron microscopic changes at date: swelling ganglion layer and dystrophy of inner and outer nuclear layer. Electron microscopic changes in outer nuclear layer appeared at 30 days. The photoreceptor neurons were characterized by single ultrastructural changes. Retina pigment epithelium cells had a typical ultrastructure.Conclusion. Intravitreal perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane tamponade caused similar electron microscopic changes as well as perfluorodecalin in the experiment and it was relatively harmless to rabbit retina for up to 14 days. Irreversible changes in the retinal ultrastructure were not observed.

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48

Ishii, I., R. McLaren, A. P. Hitchcock, K. D. Jordan, Y. Choi e M. B. Robin. "The σ* molecular orbitals of perfluoroalkanes as studied by inner-shell electron energy loss and electron transmission spectroscopies". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 66, n. 8 (1 agosto 1988): 2104–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v88-336.

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Abstract (sommario):

Absolute oscillator strength spectra in the C 1s (280–340 eV) and F 1s (680–740 eV) regions of the perfluoro-n-alkanes from C2 to C6 and perfluorocycloalkanes from C3 to C6 have been determined from inner-shell electron energy loss spectra recorded under electric-dipole scattering conditions. The spectral features are interpreted in terms of spatially localized transitions terminating at orbitals of predominantly σ*(C—F) and σ*(C—C) character. When compared to the spectra of the perfluoro-n-alkanes, both the C 1s and F 1s spectra of the perfluorocycloalkanes exhibit additional low-lying bands which are assigned to transitions terminating at σ*(C—C) orbitals which are shifted to low energy by the combination of the strain of cyclization and the inductive effect of the fluorination. The electron transmission spectra of selected perfluorocycloalkanes (which provide information on their anion states) show as well that the electron affinities of the cyclic systems are substantially lower than those of the corresponding perfluoro-n-alkanes, again as a result of a low-lying σ* orbital in the cyclic species. Quantum chemical calculations of the alkane and perfluoroalkane ground-state orbital structures support the experimental results. The localized character of the inner-shell excitations, indicated by the constancy of both term values and oscillator strengths with increasing chain length, contrasts with the more delocalized character of the states accessed in ultraviolet excitation or negative ion formation.

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49

Chen, Wanhao, Changhao Zhu, Xinnan Xu e Xuejun Liu. "Perfluoro-1-butanesulfonic acid etching strategy for dendrite suppression in aqueous zinc metal batteries". RSC Advances 14, n. 27 (2024): 19090–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra03632h.

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Abstract (sommario):

Perfluoro-1-butanesulfonic acid (PFBS) was used to etch on the surface of a zinc anode to introduce a 3D C4F9O3S–Zn interface layer with unique fluorine groups (Zn@PFBS) to inhibit the formation of dendrites.

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50

Jing, Naiyong, e David M. Lemal. "The perfluoro-1,3,5-hexatrienes". Journal of Organic Chemistry 59, n. 7 (aprile 1994): 1844–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00086a040.

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