Tesi sul tema "Peinture naturelle"
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Pomiès, Marie-Pierre. "Pigments rouges préhistoriques : goethite chauffée ou hématite nanocristalline naturelle ?" Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066512.
Testo completoBoisset, Laetitia. "Ecoconception de formulations de peintures biosourcées incorporant de nouveaux ingrédients". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP136.
Testo completoEco-friendly paints are tending to replace solvent-based paints to meet environmental and health criteria for interior decoration paints. The paints developed by Colibri consist of a 95% biobased alkyd resin binder and are AFNOR NF Environment certified. A range of eco-designed paints is required to stay aligned with market developments and upcoming regulations. The aim was to work on substituting the following products: allergenic preservatives (MIT/CMIT/BIT), titanium dioxide and certain additives. All the substituents sought were selected for their natural origin and lack of toxicity.The work involved emulsifying plasma-prepolymerised linseed oil with a suitable 100% biobased surfactant. To study the chemical stability of the emulsions, an at-line analysis method using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was developed. NIRS, coupled with partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), demonstrated an ability to correctly classify emulsions according to their oxidation state. The incorporation of biobased emulsions, prepared from prepolymerised linseed oil, has enabled the development of eco-designed paint formulations. The combination of three mineral fillers and a film porosity rate of 62% enabled titanium dioxide to be completely replaced without any loss of opacity. The paints were characterised by rheology and the opacity, yellowing and hardness were determined for dry films to meet the specifications.To replace allergenic biocides, it was decided to use two methods. The first was to produce a liquid paint in which the various controversial products were substituted by preservatives from the cosmetics and food industries. Microbiological tests carried out on the liquid formulations demonstrated the potential of potassium sorbate (1.5% (w/w)) as a non-controversial preservative in inhibiting the growth of micro-organisms. The second method was the use of a paint in the form of a redispersible powder, avoiding the addition of biocides and facilitating the transport and storage stages. The results validated the feasibility of the process for spray-drying liquid formulations. Paints redispersed after atomisation showed superior rheological properties and film opacity compared with those of the paint before atomisation
Bert, Mathilde. "Lectures, réécritures et peintures à partir de Pline l'Ancien : la réception de l'"Histoire naturelle" en Italie, de Pétrarque à Vasari". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010624.
Testo completoHamonou-Mahieu, Aline. "Claude Aubriet (vers 1665-1742), peintre d'histoire naturelle". Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20011.
Testo completo"Skilful painter of the King", Claude Aubriet (around 1665, Moncetz-03rd december 1742, Paris) holds an important place in the Scientific community of the Jardin du roi and the Royal Academy of Sciences at the end of 17th century, and so during the first half of 18th century. Indeed, his first orders of scientific drawings from the botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort and his training into the art of miniature on vellum from Jean Joubert, painter of the King in charged of the Royal Collection of vellum, will influence his work towards Natural History for nearly fifty years. His catalogue of works, evidence of his art entirely dedicated to Nature and Science, is marked by the ambivalence of his "double career" led with as much care as renunciation : the miniatures of vellum or on paper carried out for the Royal Collection of Vellum, and the scientific drawings, illustrating the works of Academicians suc as Sébastien Vaillant (1669-1722), Antoine de Jussieu (1686-1757) and René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur (1685-1759). As Claude Aubriet and his prolific work are underrated-not to say unknown, this study intends to give to his outstanding character, his status back and the important role he played in the first half of 18th century in the recognition of artistic and scientific illustration
Silkina, Alla. "Les changements des propriétés physiologiques de quelques espèces de diatomées sous l'influence de biocides antifouling naturels et de synthèse". Lorient, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LORIS086.
Testo completoUrbain, Ruano Elise. "La mode du négligé et le portrait français : de la "sprezzatura" au "naturel" le "négligé", 1670-1790". Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H006.
Testo completoThe choice of clothing depicted in a portrait is often meaningful, and this is especially true in the Early Modern Period and the Enlightment. The meanings of many official attributes and costumes have been extensively studied and commented on, but what about portraits « en négligé » ? From the 1670s onwards, the meaning of the French « négligé » took on a new, less pejorative meaning and qualified comfortable clothing, opposed to great adornment. This study aims at determining the circumstances that lead to a revaluation of the point of view on the « négligé » and explaining its wide use in portraits, in the context of relations between France and England, which are alternating periods of assimilation and rejection, the effects of which on artistic practices are no longer to be demonstrated. In the eighteenth century, the term « négligé » refers to clothing as well as artistic styles in painting or literature, or a totally artificial attitude linked, for women, to the codified ritual of the toilet : it concerns the social practices of elites, characterized by a constant concern for representation. In some ways, the « négligé » evokes the « sprezzatura » of Baldassare Castiglione, but during the eighteenth century it is associated to, or opposed to, the idea of « natural ». Finally, the « négligé » fashion is linked to the rejection of the codes of adornment, contributing to the blurring of the Ancien Regime social hierarchy, and allowing an individual affirmation at the expense of group identity. New reading keys are thus given for portraits in which the representation of clothing did not seem significant
Ait, Aghzzaf Ahmed. "Argiles en tant que réservoirs d'inhibiteurs de corrosion métallique issus de ressources naturelles dans des peintures pour la protection des métaux". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0049/document.
Testo completoThis work was devoted to the development of new micrometric tanks of corrosion inhibitors based on mineral natural resources (Moroccan beidellite and palygorskite clays), and organic (chitosan and heptanoic acid) to be used as corrosion inhibitor tanks in the paintings. In the reservoirs of beidellite type, the storage of corrosion inhibitors made either by saturating the interlamellar areas by corrosion inhibitors cations such as Ca2+, or Ce3+, or by modifying the electrostatic charge of clays by intercalation of chitosan biopolymer in order to adsorb anionic compounds as heptanoate ions (C7-. In palygorskite type tanks, storage is based on the grafting of an alkoxysilane on the surface silanol sites to adsorb compounds via NH3+ sites. After characterizing materials before and after functionalization by several analytical techniques, the performance of corrosion inhibitors on zinc and mild steel in NaCl medium was evaluated and compared to those of commercial compound aluminium dihydrogen triphosphate (TPA) using stationary and dynamic electrochemical techniques. Overall, the organic coating containing modified C7- beidellite shows better protection of zinc than TPA compound. Similarly, C7- grafted palygorskite coating presents a very interesting performance of corrosion inhibition of mild steel corrosion compared to the coating with TPA, during approximately 400 h of immersion
Gogo, Koffi. "Les extérieurs naturels dans le cinéma français des années trente : de l'impressionnisme au réalisme poétique". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010625.
Testo completoThis aesthetics and historical approach, observed through five tripartite chapters, aims at elucidating formal analogies between painting and filming. The firstpart composed by chapters one and two brings back the developpement of impressionnism satisfying visual globalism, and which philosophy exalts natural daylight. The second part takes up cinema with chapter three dedicated to natural exteriors, effects to transition from painting to motion picture easily symbolized by Jean Renoir's film: une partie de campagne dated from 1936. Forth chapter makes clearer poetical realism concept invented as far back as 1875 thanks to theodore veron styling daubigny's pictorial work neighbouring to visual detailism. In movie it finds fame by la rue sans nom shooted in 1933 and expressing simulated structure, realistic look, more disposed to claustral phenomenon while valorizing studio. The third part made of the last and fifth chapter confronts the both styles impressionnist and realistic-poetical with a view to reveal ecological pantheism and wellbeing defence for one, then creative ideal founded on ornemental perfectionnism for the other. The conclusion confirms that realistic tradition is unchanging and tests the asceticism according which figuring nature precedes its transfiguration consecutively to space toning down. We append audiovisual supports linked to our subject, which included to the mission of museums like Orsay and Marmottan in Paris, Sceaux in Hauts-de-Seine a nearby department, promote together a genuine national patrimony
Velescu, Elena. "La représentation des catastrophes naturelles en littérature et peinture dans l’espace culturel franco-allemand entre la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle et le début du XIXe siècle". Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4048.
Testo completoThis research aims to report on the relationships created among natural events of high intensity which can be categorized as natural disasters due to their destructive consequences starting with the famous earthquake of Lisbon in 1755 until the mid-nineteenth century, the advent of new technology and science, which created a new relationship between man and nature. This change in catastrophe representation in literature but also in the painting is based on religious, scientific and aestethetic changes, the key elements that we explored in this work. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the metamorphoses of writing and visual discourse of the above-mentioned period and draw attention to the transition from horror triggered by a catastrophic event to a sensory dimension and fascination caused by the spectacle of natural phenomena. We also examined the symbolism of the motifs attached to the great myths of humanity, such as the Flood, the theme of transgression-punishment-redemption part of the disaster, which generates into a new concept, an object of analysis, reflection and contemplation, which inspires us to see the catastrophic events differently
Le, Norcy Tiffany. "Étude et valorisation de composés naturels ou d’analogues de synthèse contrôlant l’adhésion de salissures marines". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS453.
Testo completoBiofouling induces important economic and ecological problems. This phenomenon includes microorganisms (bacteria, microalgae…) giving the microfouling which allows the macrofouling development with algae, invertebrates and sponges. These organisms colonize every immersed surface as boat hull. The colonization induces reduced speed of ships and fuel overconsumption. In the past, the utilization of AF coatings with heavy metals or pesticides caused environmental problems. The purpose of the study is to find an alternative to AF compounds (copper) respecting the marine medium. The marine environment is an inspiration; a biomimetic approach could be an interesting strategy to inhibit biofouling. In a first part, a screening of one hundred compounds is realized against marine and terrestrial bacteria. Eight molecules from two families (batatasins and hemibastadins) are studied to understand the way of action. Among selected compounds, Dibromohemibastadin-1 (DBHB) from hemibastadin family shows promising AF activities. This molecule is able to inhibit the biofilm formation with an IC50 of 6,44 µg/mL against the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and 12,8 µg/mL for the marine bacterium Paracoccus sp. 4M6. To identify the way of action of DBHB, the impact on the bacterial communication named quorum sensing is investigated. The molecule shows an anti-quorum sensing property. In a second part, another group participating at microfouling is studied: microalgae. In order to evaluate the impact of hemibastadin family in particular DBHB, microalgae adhesion and biofilm formation are characterized. DBHB induces inhibition only on the adhesion and the biofilm formation of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium. The last part presents the formulation of coatings containing six compounds from the batatasin and hemibastadin families. These coatings have been immersed in a harbor to evaluate the impact on natural microfouling. Furthermore, a new method for the evaluation of AF coatings is developed in controlled conditions, in a photobioreactor. This method allows the evaluation of coatings on the formation of a mixed biofilm (bacteria and microalgae). This method has been established to avoid environmental constraints by immersion in natural condition. This study allows the characterization of the AF property of DBHB. This compound provides promising research path to limit biofouling. Moreover, the development of a test allowing adhesion and microalgae biofilm formation in dynamic condition improves the characterization of compounds activities
Roche, Lucile. "L'ombre de Dieu : représenter la Création du monde en France (1610-1789)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H039.
Testo completo“In the beginning God created Heaven and Earth”. Opening of the first chapter of the Genesis,the most well-known incipit of all time sums up both the imagery and the main idea of the Creation of the World that has existed in the west for thousands of years. However, this biblical conception of Creation starts to weaken in the beginning of the XVIIth century and to expand to embrace scientific views when secular ideas of evolution or the laws of mechanics shook the biblical tradition of the six-Day Creation narrative. The once unique idea of a World Creation becomes a more complex concept at the crossroads between sacred and profaneand authorized innovative pictures representing, for example, God blowing the Cartesian cosmogenic whirlpools or giving thrust to the terrestrial mechanism inspired by Voltaire. When the groundbreaking theories on the Creation were published, it was necessary to focus on the artistic reinterpretations of the myth. Based on a great diversity of images – biblical, scientific,alchemical – we’ll try to analyze how biblical iconography stands still at the time of the global secularization of the world in which, as a paradoxical authority or an unconscious standard, the image of the Creator holds up the complex relationship between Man and his Mythology
Le, Norcy Tiffany. "Étude et valorisation de composés naturels ou d’analogues de synthèse contrôlant l’adhésion de salissures marines". Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS453/document.
Testo completoBiofouling induces important economic and ecological problems. This phenomenon includes microorganisms (bacteria, microalgae…) giving the microfouling which allows the macrofouling development with algae, invertebrates and sponges. These organisms colonize every immersed surface as boat hull. The colonization induces reduced speed of ships and fuel overconsumption. In the past, the utilization of AF coatings with heavy metals or pesticides caused environmental problems. The purpose of the study is to find an alternative to AF compounds (copper) respecting the marine medium. The marine environment is an inspiration; a biomimetic approach could be an interesting strategy to inhibit biofouling. In a first part, a screening of one hundred compounds is realized against marine and terrestrial bacteria. Eight molecules from two families (batatasins and hemibastadins) are studied to understand the way of action. Among selected compounds, Dibromohemibastadin-1 (DBHB) from hemibastadin family shows promising AF activities. This molecule is able to inhibit the biofilm formation with an IC50 of 6,44 µg/mL against the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and 12,8 µg/mL for the marine bacterium Paracoccus sp. 4M6. To identify the way of action of DBHB, the impact on the bacterial communication named quorum sensing is investigated. The molecule shows an anti-quorum sensing property. In a second part, another group participating at microfouling is studied: microalgae. In order to evaluate the impact of hemibastadin family in particular DBHB, microalgae adhesion and biofilm formation are characterized. DBHB induces inhibition only on the adhesion and the biofilm formation of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium. The last part presents the formulation of coatings containing six compounds from the batatasin and hemibastadin families. These coatings have been immersed in a harbor to evaluate the impact on natural microfouling. Furthermore, a new method for the evaluation of AF coatings is developed in controlled conditions, in a photobioreactor. This method allows the evaluation of coatings on the formation of a mixed biofilm (bacteria and microalgae). This method has been established to avoid environmental constraints by immersion in natural condition. This study allows the characterization of the AF property of DBHB. This compound provides promising research path to limit biofouling. Moreover, the development of a test allowing adhesion and microalgae biofilm formation in dynamic condition improves the characterization of compounds activities
Rosé, Gauthier. "Approche multimodale par spectrométrie de masse pour la caractérisation des processus de vieillissement de matériaux organiques et polymères dans des œuvres patrimoniales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS423.pdf.
Testo completoA detailed analysis of cultural heritage work is crucial for their preservation and protection. This task requires a wide range of skills, especially in the case of artworks, where knowledge of their historical context and chemical composition is essential. The restoration or conservation of old paintings presents significant challenges due to the chemical complexity of the materials involved, the transformations they may have undergone over time, and the limited availability of samples. In her Ph.D. thesis (Sorbonne University, 2022), C. Bouvier demonstrated that imaging through ToF-SIMS (Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) is a relevant method for studying aging processes in old paintings. Cross-sections of paint analysed at very high spatial resolution revealed valuable information on the underlying chemical processes. However, the vast number of compounds present in these samples made mass spectra interpretation challenging, especially in understanding the degradation processes of drying oils used as binders in paintings. This thesis aimed to develop a combined analytical approach to overcome these limitations and enable a more in-depth identification of paint cross-sections, focusing specifically on the characterisation of organic polymer compounds present in the natural resins and drying oils of the paintings. The chosen experimental strategy first involved analysing resin references by Py-GC×GC-MS (Pyrolysis-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) to identify markers for diterpenic and triterpenic resins. Previously undetected compounds were revealed and subsequently used to differentiate resins in ToF-SIMS spectra. A GC-MS method was then developed to quantify various drying oils. These results validated ToF-SIMS measurements from the literature based on fatty acid intensity ratios, demonstrating the approach's reliability in characterising the aging processes in paintings. Additionally, this approach enabled the analysis of chemical species in drying agents as a function of the depth of the paint layer, the initial content of the drying agent, and the aging time. The obtained results facilitated the ToF-SIMS analysis of complex samples. A varnish model (resin-oil mixture) was prepared and analysed at different stages of light-induced degradation in a controlled environment, alongside historical samples from a Renaissance painting and a pastel. The objective was to determine the causes of degradation and the chemical composition of these samples. Complementary spectroscopic analyses, including Optical PhotoThermal InfraRed spectroscopy (O-PTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), were employed to support these results. Different degradation pathways were eventually established for the Italian Renaissance painting, and experimental data confirmed certain processes described in pastel manufacturing treatises by determining the composition of a sample. In conclusion, the combination of Py-GC×GC-MS and ToF-SIMS imaging was employed for the first time in this thesis. The results demonstrated the relevance of this multimodal approach for a comprehensive understanding of the aging processes in drying oils. This work significantly enriched the existing database for identifying organic constituents in old paintings
Blachot, Jean-François. "Étude des propriétés rhéologiques des solutions cellulose/monohydrate de N-oxyde de N-méthylmorpholine (NMMO) : filage de cellulose extraite de paille de blé : structure et fibrillation des fils obtenus". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10189.
Testo completoLowys, Marie-Pierre. "Comportement physico-chimique de suspensions de fibres cellulosiques : rôle des additifs". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10195.
Testo completoKamenopoulou, Vassiliki. "Proprietes dosimetriques des fibres textiles : application a la dosimetrie par resonance paramagnetique electronique d'un accident d'irradiation gamma". Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30172.
Testo completoNguyen, Minh Tuan. "Contribution à l'optimisation des processus de filature des fibres libériennes". Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0440.
Testo completoFavier, Véronique. "Étude de nouveaux matériaux composites obtenus à partir de latex filmogènes et de whiskers de cellulose : effets de percolation mécanique". Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0120.
Testo completoMisiko, Juma Asborn. "« Vers la mise en tourisme du patrimoine ethno-culturel de l’ouest kenyan. Tourisme international et domestique dans les régions du lac Victoria et de Bungoma »". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20106/document.
Testo completoTo become an important international tourism destination and not only in Subsaharan, Kenya needs renewed tourism places and products majorly consisting of memorial sites and regional museums spread throughout the country, recently developed for domestic tourists. This new initiative will decongest the major tourist sites and regions (reserve of Masai Mara, parks of Amboseli, lake Nakuru and Swahili coast), saturated due to double visitation (international and domestic tourists) Through a multidisciplinary approach (geography of tourism, cultural geography and geography of development), supported by data collected through semi-direct interviews, focus groups, questionnaires, field observation and analysis of existing literature, our research attempts show how the material and immaterial cultural heritage of the ethno-cultural groups of Western Kenya can be developed for tourism. Our investigation examines the regions of lake Victoria and Bungoma, particularly the sites of Abasuba Rock Art Paintings, Kit Mikayi and Namakanda. The host communities of these sites are developing strategies informed by their ethnic affiliation, that we study from the point of view of stakeholders’ strategy and development of tourism projects
Aze, Sébastien. "ALTERATIONS CHROMATIQUES DES PIGMENTS AU PLOMB DANS LES ŒUVRES DU PATRIMOINE -Etude expérimentale des altérations observée sur les peintures murales-". Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00079251.
Testo completoblanchissement est dû à la recristallisation du plomb divalent sous forme de cérusite (PbCO3) et d'anglésite (PbSO4), causée par l'absorption de polluants gazeux (CO2, SO2).