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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Particles (Nuclear physics) Chirality"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 agosto 2024

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1

BERNARDINI, A. E., e M. M. GUZZO. "THEORETICAL CORRELATION BETWEEN POSSIBLE EVIDENCES OF NEUTRINO CHIRAL OSCILLATIONS AND POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS". Modern Physics Letters A 23, n. 15 (20 maggio 2008): 1141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732308025723.

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Reporting about the formalism with the Dirac equation we describe the dynamics of chiral oscillations for a fermionic particle non-minimally coupling with an external magnetic field. For massive particles, the chirality and helicity quantum numbers represent different physical quantities of representative importance in the study of chiral interactions, in particular, in the context of neutrino physics. After solving the interacting Hamiltonian (Dirac) equation for the corresponding fermionic Dirac-type particle (neutrino) and quantifying chiral oscillations in the Dirac wave packet framework, we avail the possibility of determining realistic neutrino chirality conversion rates by means of (helicity) polarization measurements. We notice that it can become feasible for some particular magnetic field configurations with large values of B orthogonal to the direction of the propagating particle.

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2

ROHOZIŃSKI, STANISŁAW G., LESZEK PRÓCHNIAK, CHRYSTIAN DROSTE e KRZYSZTOF STAROSTA. "SIGNATURES OF CHIRALITY IN THE CORE-PARTICLE-HOLE SYSTEMS". International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, n. 02 (febbraio 2011): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311017739.

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An odd-odd nucleus is treated as the core-particle-hole system. The core is described by the Bohr Hamiltonian. Different collective potentials of the core are investigated. The odd particle and hole are assumed to be in the symmetric [Formula: see text] configuration. Signatures of chirality in the odd-odd nucleus spectra are observed. The sufficient condition for the appearance of signatures of chirality in the core-particle-hole system is the α-symmetry of the core provided the particle-hole configuration of the odd valence particles is symmetric.

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3

VIOLLIER, R. D., AMAND FAESSLER e F. G. SCHOLTZ. "CHIRAL PARTICLES IN d=3+1 DIMENSIONS FROM MAJORANA-WEYL SPINORS IN d=4+4 DIMENSIONS". Modern Physics Letters A 04, n. 28 (30 dicembre 1989): 2705–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732389003014.

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We show that a Majorana-Weyl spinor in d=4+4 dimensions can be interpreted, in d=3+1 dimensions, as two particles of opposite chirality and in general of different mass. The masses of the particles are determined by dimensional reduction and depend on the invariant mass in d=3+1 dimensions and the energy p5 that is associated with the chirality operator γ5.

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4

D’HOKER, ERIC, e D. H. PHONG. "CHIRAL SUPERSTRING AMPLITUDES AND THE GSO PROJECTION". Modern Physics Letters A 04, n. 14 (20 luglio 1989): 1335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732389001520.

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Chirally symmetric amplitudes for the scattering of bosonic massless particles at fixed spin structures are shown to split into the absolute values squared of a chiral amplitude at fixed internal momenta. Chiral amplitudes are holomorphic in supermoduli and chiral polarization tensors, meromorphic in vertex operators insertion points. They may be recast in terms of intrinsic complex supergeometric objects. Amplitudes of opposite chirality may be endowed with independent spin structures so that the GSO projection can be enforced to construct the superstring.

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5

DREWES, MARCO. "THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF RIGHT HANDED NEUTRINOS". International Journal of Modern Physics E 22, n. 08 (agosto 2013): 1330019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301313300191.

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Neutrinos are the only particles in the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics that have only been observed with left handed chirality to date. If right handed (RH) neutrinos exist, they could be responsible for several phenomena that have no explanation within the SM, including neutrino oscillations, the baryon asymmetry of the universe, dark matter (DM) and dark radiation (DR). After a pedagogical introduction, we review recent progress in the phenomenology of RH neutrinos. We in particular discuss the mass ranges suggested by hints for neutrino oscillation anomalies and DR (eV), sterile neutrino DM scenarios (keV) and experimentally testable theories of baryogenesis (GeV to TeV). We summarize constraints from theoretical considerations, laboratory experiments, astrophysics and cosmology for each of these.

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6

Adam, Apriadi Salim, Akmal Ferdiyan e Mirza Satriawan. "A New Left-Right Symmetry Model". Advances in High Energy Physics 2020 (16 gennaio 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3090783.

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We propose a new L-R symmetry model where the L-R symmetry transformation reverses both the L-R chirality and the local quantum number. We add to the model a global quantum number F whose value is one for fermions (minus one for antifermion) and vanishes for bosons. For each standard model (SM) particle, we have the corresponding L-R dual particle whose mass is very large and which should have decayed at the current low energy level. Due to the global quantum number F, there is no Majorana neutrino in the model but a Dirac seesaw mechanism can still occur and the usual three active neutrino oscillation can still be realized. We add two leptoquarks and their L-R duals, for generating the baryon number asymmetry and for facilitating the decay of the L-R dual particles. The decay of the L-R dual particles will produce a large entropy to the SM sector and give a mechanism for avoiding the big bang nucleosynthesis constraint.

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7

STAROSTA, KRZYSZTOF, AARON CHESTER, IKUKO HAMAMOTO, TAKESHI KOIKE e JANOS TIMAR. "OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLECTIVE MODEL AND CHIRALITY STUDIES AT TRIUMF". International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, n. 02 (febbraio 2011): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311017715.

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First predictions for a specific case of the particle-hole-core coupling model which takes advantage of symmetries of a triaxial rotor with γ = 90° are reviewed. Results of the model calculations point towards existence of stable chiral geometry in specific configurations involving high-j orbitals. Next, experimental information on doublet bands built on unique parity, πh11/2νh11/2 intruder states in odd-odd 134 Pr is discussed; in particular observed disagreements between electromagnetic transitions within the doublet structures which is pointed out as inconsistent with the simplest models. Finally, the unique experimental infrastructure developed at the Tri-University Meson Facility (TRIUMF) Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics is presented including a range of isotopes in the mass 130 region that are accessible as beams and which can possibly yield significant new information in investigations of nuclear chirality.

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8

Famiano, Michael, Richard Boyd, Toshitaka Kajino, Satoshi Chiba, Yirong Mo, Takashi Onaka e Toshio Suzuki. "Connections Between Nuclear Physics and the Origin of Life - Examining the Origin of Biomolecular Chirality". EPJ Web of Conferences 227 (2020): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022701006.

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The discovery of bio-molecules in meteorites with an excess of one chiral state has created one of the biggest questions in astrobiology today. That is, what is the origin of bio-molecular homochirality? Studies of this question are highly interdisciplinary, and while several phenomenological models exist, we examine the relationship between fundamental symmetries at the particle level and the macroscopic formation of bio-molecules. A model has been developed which couples fundamental interactions with the formation of molecular chirality. In this magneto-chiral model atomic nuclei bound in amino acids interact via the weak interaction in stellar environments. Nuclei are coupled to the molecular geometry (chirality) via the shielding tensor, the same interaction responsible for NMR identification. Associated with this is the fact that isotopic abundances vary from solar system values. Interactions with leptons can selectively destroy one chiral state over the other while changing isotopic values. Possible sites are proposed in which this model may exist.

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9

Huang, Huan Zhong, Feng Liu, Xiaofeng Luo, Shusu Shi, Fuqiang Wang e Nu Xu. "Collective Excitation in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions—In Memory of Professor Lianshou Liu". Symmetry 15, n. 2 (13 febbraio 2023): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15020499.

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We celebrate the legacies of our friend and mentor Professor Lianshou Liu who was one of the pioneers for the phenomenology of multi-particle interactions and initiated the physics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions in China. In this article, we discuss some of the recent exciting experimental observations on the collective phenomena including collectivity, chirality, criticality, strangeness production, and thermal equilibrium in high-energy nuclear collisions. Future directions, especially the physics at high baryon density, will be discussed with a focus on the first-order phase boundary and hyperon–nucleon interactions.

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10

MARQUES, G. C., e D. SPEHLER. "MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND CHIRAL ASYMMETRY". International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, n. 14 (10 giugno 2003): 2457–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013818.

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The asymmetry, between electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields of Maxwell's equation is here analyzed by using the concept of chirality. The chiral spinorial approach sets the stage for the construction of a more general theory of spin-1 particles than usual electrodynamics. Chiral components of a rank-2 spinor field are taken as the dynamic variables of the theory. A rank-2 spinor accommodates another particle (the magnetic photon). This new particle emerges naturally from chiral invariance arguments. The nonexistence, in nature, of such a particle is the reason for the nonexistence of monopoles and the asymmetry in Maxwell's equation. The existence of magnetic monopoles would restore the symmetry of Maxwell's equation. We establish, in this way, at a very formal level, the connection between magnetic monopoles and chiral asymmetry.

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11

BHANSALI, VINEER. "HELICITY-CHIRALITY CORRELATION AND WEINBERG’S CONSTRAINT IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS". International Journal of Modern Physics A 07, n. 26 (20 ottobre 1992): 6679–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x92003070.

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We show a simple correspondence between massless fields transforming as representations of the higher (even) dimensional Lorentz group and highest weight states of the little group, under the assumption that the Euclidean translations of the little group act trivially. This yields the generalization to higher dimensions of Weinberg’s (1964) constraint which establishes a connection between helicity and chirality in four dimensions. As a bonus, we obtain restrictions on “gauge invariant” representations for physical particles.

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12

GRODNER, E. "STAGGERING OF THE B(M1) VALUE AS A FINGERPRINT OF SPECIFIC CHIRAL BANDS STRUCTURE". International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, n. 02 (febbraio 2011): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311017752.

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Nuclear chirality has been intensively studdied for the last several years in the context of experimental as well as theoretical approach. Characteristic gamma selection rules have been predicted for the strong chiral symmetry breaking limit that has been observed in Cs isotopes. The presented analysis shows that the gamma selection rules cannot be attributed only to chiral symmetry breaking. The selection rules relate to structural composition of the chiral rotational bands, i.e., to odd particle configuration and the deformation of the core.

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13

KOIKE, T., S. KINOSHITA, Y. MA, Y. MIURA, K. SHIROTORI, H. TAMURA, M. UKAI et al. "CHIRALITY IN THE MASS 80 REGION: 79Kr". International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, n. 02 (febbraio 2011): 520–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311017946.

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The high spin states of 79 Kr were studied via the 70 Zn (13 C , 4 n ) reaction to search for chiral doublet bands based on the three-quasi-particle configuration, πg9/22 ⊗ νg9/2-1. The 13 C beam of 65 MeV was provided by the 930 AVF Cyclotron at CYclotron and RadioIsotope Center (CYRIC) facility at Tohoku University. The triple coincidence γ rays were detected by the Hyperball2 array. The side band structure to the πg9/22 ⊗ νg9/2-1 yrast band has been identified in 79 Kr . Spin and parity assignments are made based on the DCO ratio and linear polarization analysis.

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14

LINHARES, C. A., e JUAN A. MIGNACO. "ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES RELATED TO THE ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURE OF THE DIRAC EQUATION IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPACE–TIME". International Journal of Modern Physics A 13, n. 09 (10 aprile 1998): 1523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x98000688.

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We look for the physical consequences resulting from the SU(2) ⊗ SU(2) algebraic structure of the Dirac equation in three-dimensional space–time. We show how this is obtained from the general result we have proven relating the matrices of the Clifford–Dirac ring and the Lie algebra of unitary groups. It allows the introduction of a notion of chirality closely analogous to the one used in four dimensions. The irreducible representations for the Dirac matrices may be labelled with different chirality eigenvalues, and they are related through inversion of any single coordinate axis. We analyze the different discrete transformations for the space of solutions. Finally, we show that the spinor propagator is a direct sum of components with different chirality; the photon propagator receive separate contributions for both chiralities, and the result is that there is no generation of a topological mass at one-loop level. In the case of a charged particle in a constant "magnetic" field we have a good example where chirality plays a determinant role for the degeneracy of states.

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15

Bai, Jing, Cheng-Xian Ge, Zhen-Sen Wu, Peng Su e Yu Gao. "Light Interaction with Cluster Chiral Nanostructures by High-Order Bessel Beam". Photonics 9, n. 8 (22 luglio 2022): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9080509.

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Interactions between cluster chiral nanoparticles and a high-order Bessel beam (HOBB) with arbitrary illuminations are investigated. The generalized Lorenz–Mie theory (GLMT) is applied to derive the expansions of HOBB. Based on the additional theorem, multiple scattering results of cluster chiral nanoparticles are obtained by taking into account the tangential continuous boundary conditions. The present theory and codes proved to be effective when confronted with the simulations obtained from the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Numerical results concerning the effects of beam order, beam conical angle, incident angles, beam polarization state, the chirality, and the material loss on the scattering of various types of aggregated chiral particles are displayed in detail, including the linearly chiral sphere chain, the chiral cube array, and the complex models composed of aggregated chiral spheres. This study may provide critical support to analytically understand the optical scattering characteristics with aggregated chiral particles of complex shapes, and may find important applications in manipulating collective chiral particles.

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16

Qi, B., S. Q. Zhang, J. Meng, S. Y. Wang e S. Frauendorf. "Chirality in odd-A nucleus 135Nd in particle rotor model". Physics Letters B 675, n. 2 (maggio 2009): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.02.061.

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17

MENG, J., B. QI, S. Q. ZHANG e S. Y. WANG. "CHIRAL SYMMETRY IN ATOMIC NUCLEI". Modern Physics Letters A 23, n. 27n30 (30 settembre 2008): 2560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732308029800.

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The significant progresses of the chirality in atomic nuclei are briefly reviewed for both experimental and theoretical sides. Chiral doublet bands beyond one-particle and one-hole coupled with a triaxial rotor as well as the possibilities of new phenomenon MχD are discussed.

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18

Copinger, Patrick, e Shi Pu. "Chirality production with mass effects — Schwinger pair production and the axial Ward identity". International Journal of Modern Physics A 35, n. 28 (9 ottobre 2020): 203005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x2030015x.

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The anomalous generation of chirality with mass effects via the axial Ward identity and its dependence on the Schwinger mechanism is reviewed, utilizing parity violating homogeneous electromagnetic background fields. The role vacuum asymptotic states play on the interpretation of expectation values is examined. It is discussed that observables calculated with an in–out scattering matrix element predict a scenario under Euclidean equilibrium. A notable ramification of which is a vanishing of the chiral anomaly. In contrast, it is discussed observables calculated under an in–in, or real-time, formalism predict a scenario out-of equilibrium, and capture effects of mean produced particle–antiparticle pairs due to the Schwinger mechanism. The out-of equilibrium chiral anomaly is supplemented with exponential quadratic mass suppression as anticipated for the Schwinger mechanism. Similar behavior in and out-of equilibrium is reviewed for applications including the chiral magnetic effect and chiral condensate.

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19

ALFARO, J., L. BALART, A. A. ANDRIANOV e D. ESPRIU. "HADRONIC STRING, CONFORMAL INVARIANCE AND CHIRAL SYMMETRY". International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, n. 14 (10 giugno 2003): 2501–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013922.

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While it is clear that in some kinematic regime QCD can be described by an effective (as opposed to fundamental) string theory, it is not at all clear how this string theory should be. The "natural" candidate, the bosonic string, leads to amplitudes with the usual problems related to the existence of the tachyon, the absence of the adequate Adler zero, and massless vector particles, not to mention the conformal anomaly. The supersymmetric version does not really solve most of these problems. For a long time it has been believed that the solution of at least some of these difficulties is associated to a proper identification of the vacuum, but this program has remained elusive. We show in this work how the first three problems can be avoided, by using a sigma model approach where excitations above the correct (chirally noninvariant) QCD vacuum are identified. At the leading order in a derivative expansion we recover the nonlinear sigma model of pion interactions. At the next-to-leading order the O(p4) Lagrangian of Gasser and Leutwyler is obtained, with values for the coefficients that match the observed values. We also discuss some issues related to the conformal anomaly.

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20

Wu, Jian-Chun, Feng Yang e Tian-Wen Dong. "Rotation and separation of chiral active particles in a ring-shaped channel". Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 33, n. 2 (febbraio 2023): 023135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131318.

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Transport of chiral active particles is numerically investigated in a two-dimensional ring-shaped channel. The ring-shaped channel is transversal asymmetric and can induce the directed transport (rotation) of chiral active particles. For the particles with small chirality, they slide along the outer boundary of the channel. For the particles with large chirality, the particles move along some small local circular orbits and can also exhibit directed rotation. Moreover, the rotation effect can be strongly enhanced by modifying the inner boundary geometry. Based on the study of particle rotation, we further study the separation of active particles with different chiralities. It is found that the particles with different chiralities may be distributed in different regions of the ring-shaped channel. Interestingly, these particles can be completely separated by shifting the channel’s inner boundary or adding a blocking plate in the channel. Our results may be useful for understanding relevant experimental phenomena and provide a scheme for the separation of binary mixtures.

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21

Ramezanpour, S., Y. Ra’di, A. Alù e A. Bogdanov. "Highly Chiral Exceptional Point in Perturbed Coupled Resonators". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015, n. 1 (1 novembre 2021): 012122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2015/1/012122.

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Abstract Exceptional point (EP) is a non-Hermitian spectral degeneracy that has application in ultrasensitive sensors and laser mode selectivity. By employing strong chirality in an optical system, the direction of light propagation can be controlled and subwavelength particles can be detected. Here, we show that EP with high chirality can appear in the coupled resonators perturbed by a scatterer, in which both the distance and position of the scatterer can be tuned. We achieve strong chiral EP in two different distances between the resonators, with chirality around 0.99 in both cases.

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22

Starosta, K., e T. Koike. "Nuclear chirality, a model and the data". Physica Scripta 92, n. 9 (24 agosto 2017): 093002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/aa800e.

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Pȩkalski, J., E. Bildanau e A. Ciach. "Self-assembly of spiral patterns in confined systems with competing interactions". Soft Matter 15, n. 38 (2019): 7715–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01179j.

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Dyakin, Victor Vasilyevich. "Fundamental Cause of Bio-Chirality: Space-Time Symmetry—Concept Review". Symmetry 15, n. 1 (28 dicembre 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15010079.

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The search for fundamental determinants of bio-molecular chirality is a hot topic in biology, clarifying the meaning of evolution and the enigma of life’s origin. The question of origin may be resolved assuming that non-biological and biological entities obey nature’s universal laws grounded on space-time symmetry (STS) and space-time relativity (SPR). The fabric of STS is our review’s primary subject. This symmetry, encompassing the behavior of elementary particles and galaxy structure, imposes its fundamental laws on all hierarchical levels of the biological world. From the perspective of STS, objects across spatial scales may be classified as chiral or achiral concerning a specific space-related symmetry transformation: mirror reflection. The chiral object is not identical (i.e., not superimposable) to its mirror image. In geometry, distinguish two kinds of chiral objects. The first one does not have any reflective symmetry elements (a point or plane of symmetry) but may have rotational symmetry axes (dissymmetry). The second one does not have any symmetry elements (asymmetry). As the form symmetry deficiency, Chirality is the critical structural feature of natural systems, including sub-atomic particles and living matter. According to the Standard Model (SM) theory and String Theory (StrT), elementary particles associated with the four fundamental forces of nature determine the existence of micro- and galaxy scales of nature. Therefore, the inheritance of molecular symmetry from the symmetry of elementary particles indicates a bi-directional (internal [(micro-scale) and external (galaxy sale)] causal pathway of prevalent bio-chirality. We assume that the laws of the physical world impact the biological matter’s appearance through both extremities of spatial dimensions. The extended network of multi-disciplinary experimental evidence supports this hypothesis. However, many experimental results are derived and interpreted based on the narrow-view prerogative and highly specific terminology. The current review promotes a holistic approach to experimental results in two fast-developing, seemingly unrelated, divergent branches of STS and biological chirality. The generalized view on the origin of prevalent bio-molecular chirality is necessary for understanding the link between a diverse range of biological events. The chain of chirality transfer links ribosomal protein synthesis, cell morphology, and neuronal signaling with the laterality of cognitive functions.

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Siwach, Pooja, P. Arumugam, L. S. Ferreira e E. Maglione. "Chirality in 136,138Pm". Physics Letters B 811 (dicembre 2020): 135937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135937.

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MENG, JIE. "CHIRALITY IN ATOMIC NUCLEUS". International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, n. 02 (febbraio 2011): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311017703.

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Hernández, Raúl Josué, Francisco J. Sevilla, Alfredo Mazzulla, Pasquale Pagliusi, Nicola Pellizzi e Gabriella Cipparrone. "Collective motion of chiral Brownian particles controlled by a circularly-polarized laser beam". Soft Matter 16, n. 33 (2020): 7704–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02404b.

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Remote switching from passive to collective chiral-active motion by circularly-polarized light is shown for spherical polymeric Brownian particles. Light-propulsion is triggered by the coupling between the particle's chirality and the light helicity.

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Witten, Thomas A., e Haim Diamant. "A review of shaped colloidal particles in fluids: anisotropy and chirality". Reports on Progress in Physics 83, n. 11 (31 ottobre 2020): 116601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/abb5c4.

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Meng, Jie, e S. Q. Zhang. "Open problems in understanding the nuclear chirality". Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 37, n. 6 (9 aprile 2010): 064025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/37/6/064025.

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Gracia-Bondía, José M., Jens Mund e Joseph C. Várilly. "The Chirality Theorem". Annales Henri Poincaré 19, n. 3 (14 dicembre 2017): 843–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00023-017-0637-3.

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Hou, Defu, Anping Huang, Jinfeng Liao, Shuzhe Shi e Hui Zhang. "Chirality and Magnetic Field". Nuclear Physics A 1005 (gennaio 2021): 121971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2020.121971.

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Campbell, Philip. "Nuclear Physics: Particles boost nuclei". Physics World 4, n. 12 (dicembre 1991): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/4/12/4.

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Povh, Bogdan. "Nuclear physics with strange particles". Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 18 (1987): 183–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0146-6410(87)90010-x.

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Walcher, Thomas. "Nuclear physics with strange particles". Nuclear Physics A 434 (febbraio 1985): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(85)90506-8.

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Bittencourt, Victor A. S. V., Alex E. Bernardini e Massimo Blasone. "Lepton-Antineutrino Entanglement and Chiral Oscillations". Universe 7, n. 8 (9 agosto 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7080293.

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Dirac bispinors belong to an irreducible representation of the complete Lorentz group, which includes parity as a symmetry yielding two intrinsic discrete degrees of freedom: chirality and spin. For massive particles, chirality is not dynamically conserved, which leads to chiral oscillations. In this contribution, we describe the effects of this intrinsic structure of Dirac bispinors on the quantum entanglement encoded in a lepton-antineutrino pair. We consider that the pair is generated through weak interactions, which are intrinsically chiral , such that in the initial state the lepton and the antineutrino have definite chirality but their spins are entangled. We show that chiral oscillations induce spin entanglement oscillations and redistribute the spin entanglement to chirality-spin correlations. Such a phenomenon is prominent if the momentum of the lepton is comparable with or smaller than its mass. We further show that a Bell-like spin observable exhibits the same behavior of the spin entanglement. Such correlations do not require the knowledge of the full density matrix. Our results show novel effects of the intrinsic bispinor structure and can be used as a basis for designing experiments to probe chiral oscillations via spin correlation measurements.

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Timár, J., I. Kuti, D. Sohler, K. Starosta, T. Koike e E. S. Paul. "Some recent experimental results related to nuclear chirality". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 533 (10 settembre 2014): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/533/1/012042.

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37

Kamenetskii, E. O. "Vortices and chirality of magnetostatic modes in quasi-2D ferrite disc particles". Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, n. 24 (30 maggio 2007): 6539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/24/017.

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38

Devínsky, Ferdinand. "Chirality and the Origin of Life". Symmetry 13, n. 12 (30 novembre 2021): 2277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13122277.

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Abstract (sommario):

The origin of life, based on the homochirality of biomolecules, is a persistent mystery. Did life begin by using both forms of chirality, and then one of the forms disappeared? Or did the choice of homochirality precede the formation of biomolecules that could ensure replication and information transfer? Is the natural choice of L-amino acids and D-sugars on which life is based deterministic or random? Is the handedness present in/of the Universe from its beginning? The whole biosystem on the Earth, all living creatures are chiral. Many theories try to explain the origin of life and chirality on the Earth: e.g., the panspermia hypothesis, the primordial soup hypothesis, theory of parity violation in weak interactions. Additionally, heavy neutrinos and the impact of the fact that only left-handed particles decay, and even dark matter, all have to be considered.

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39

Zhao, P. W. "Multiple chirality in nuclear rotation: A microscopic view". Physics Letters B 773 (ottobre 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.08.001.

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40

Garcia, Alejandro. "Searching for chirality–flipping interactions in nuclear β decays". International Journal of Modern Physics E 27, n. 12 (dicembre 2018): 1840002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301318400025.

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41

Douglas, M. R., e C.-G. Zhou. "Chirality Change in String Theory". Journal of High Energy Physics 2004, n. 06 (10 giugno 2004): 014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2004/06/014.

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42

Akguc, Gursoy B. "Active particle aggregate on complex bubble surfaces". Canadian Journal of Physics 96, n. 7 (luglio 2018): 801–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0686.

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Abstract (sommario):

Recently, colloids have been shown to form complex structures on bubble surfaces on demand. With the help of a high power pulse laser shining on a thin water film, water bubbles can be formed and heat unbalance creates a convective flow, which carries colloids on the surface of these water bubbles to form aggregates. Here, active particles are studied in a similar setup and conditions are laid out to form aggregates on water bubble surfaces. The effect of motility and chirality of active particles on formation of aggregate are discussed. The simulation results obtained here will hopefully help the experimental endeavors in future.

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43

Gou, Yongliang, Huijun Jiang e Zhonghuai Hou. "Assembled superlattice with dynamic chirality in a mixture of biased-active and passive particles". Soft Matter 15, n. 44 (2019): 9104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm00551j.

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44

MARQUES, G. C., e D. SPEHLER. "CHIRALITY IN ELECTRODYNAMICS". International Journal of Modern Physics A 14, n. 32 (30 dicembre 1999): 5121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x99002426.

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Abstract (sommario):

We show that a not necessarily totally symmetric Bargman–Wigner second rank spinor field is able to accommodate a left–right symmetric U (1)L⊗ U (1)R Abelian gauge theory. We show that some features of the standard QED, such as vectorial gauge invariance, invariance under gauge transformation of the second kind, and the nonexistence of monopoles, follow from imposing left–right asymmetry on the level of self-interaction of the spinorial constituents.

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45

Peng, J., e Q. B. Chen. "Covariant density functional theory for nuclear chirality in 135Nd". Physics Letters B 810 (novembre 2020): 135795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135795.

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46

Ali, Rfaqat, e Ying Wu. "Enantioselective transport of chiral spheres using focused femtosecond laser pulses". Optics Express 31, n. 18 (22 agosto 2023): 29716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.497468.

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Abstract (sommario):

Optical tweezers are commonly used for manipulating chiral particles by tailoring the properties of the electromagnetic field or of the particles themselves. Non-linearity provides additional degree of freedom to control the manipulation by changing the trapping conditions. In this work, we leverage the nonlinear optical properties of a medium by illuminating it with a circularly polarized laser pulse, enabling single particle enantioselection for the chiral spheres immersed in it. By adjusting the power of the laser pulses, we demonstrate stable trapping of chiral spheres with one handedness near the focal region, while spheres with the opposite handedness are repelled. This enables the chiral resolution of racemic mixtures. Additionally, we perturbed the stable equilibrium position of the trap by driving the sample stage, leading to the emergence of a new stable equilibrium position achieved under the action of the Stokes force. Here we show that the chirality of each individually trapped particle can also be characterized by the rotation of the equilibrium position. Since the power of the laser pulses can be experimentally controlled, this scheme is practical to perform enantioselection, chiral characterization, and chiral resolution of a single chiral sphere with arbitrarily small chirality parameters.

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47

Ong, J. F., Meng-Hock Koh e I. H. Hashim. "Nuclear photonics: Laser-driven nuclear physics". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1285, n. 1 (1 luglio 2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1285/1/012003.

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Abstract High-power lasers can produce high-energy gamma rays, charged particles, and neutrons and induce various types of nuclear reactions. In Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Romania, high-power lasers are entering a new realm of 10 PW peak power, capable of obtaining a focused intensity of 1023 Wcm–2. Such an intense laser pulse will be used for studies relevant to nuclear physics, high-field physics, and quantum electrodynamics, or the combination of laser gamma experiments. Here, we describe how a laser is used to drive high-energy photons and accelerate electrons and protons. These particles can be used for secondary interactions in nuclear physics. Laser-driven nuclear physics can be a source of nuclear isomers for applications in medicine and astrophysics.

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48

Gracia-Bondía, José M., Jens Mund e Joseph C. Várilly. "Correction to: The Chirality Theorem". Annales Henri Poincaré 19, n. 10 (10 agosto 2018): 3239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00023-018-0722-2.

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49

Starosta, K., M. A. Caprio, T. Koike, R. Krücken e C. Vaman. "Triaxiality, Chirality and γ-Softness". Acta Physica Hungarica A) Heavy Ion Physics 25, n. 2-4 (1 aprile 2006): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aph.25.2006.2-4.5.

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50

Fang, Yiqi, Joel Kuttruff, David Nabben e Peter Baum. "Structured electrons with chiral mass and charge". Science 385, n. 6705 (12 luglio 2024): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adp9143.

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Abstract (sommario):

Chirality is a phenomenon with widespread relevance in fundamental physics, material science, chemistry, optics, and spectroscopy. In this work, we show that a free electron can be converted by the field cycles of laser light into a right-handed or left-handed coil of mass and charge. In contrast to phase-vortex beams, our electrons maintained a flat de Broglie wave but obtained their chirality from the shape of their expectation value in space and time. Measurements of wave function densities by attosecond gating revealed the three-dimensional shape of coils and double coils with left-handed or right-handed pitch. Engineered elementary particles with such or related chiral geometries should be useful for applications in chiral sensing, free-electron quantum optics, particle physics or electron microscopy.

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