Tesi sul tema "Participatory development"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Participatory development".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
Parker, George Gian. "Participatory research in community development". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51869.
Testo completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the use of participatory research in community development settings. Participatory research, which is normally referred to by the abbreviation PR, is a relatively new social research methodology that arose out of a general sense of dissatisfaction with the way that traditional research was being conducted in development. Participatory research consists of a large variety of related research methodologies that emphasize participation, social learning and action. Epistemologically it is founded on the metatheories of critical theory and to a lesser extent phenomenology and feminism. It is primarily based on the idea of allowing people to participate as full researchers in their own research process so as to create knowledge about their own social reality with which they can initiate change. By creating their own social knowledge, which they use to address and change their social reality, participants become part of a continuous cycle of analysis - action - reflection. By participating as full co-researchers, participants become part of their own dialogical process of social praxis that allows them to enter into a continuous cycle of social learning, capacity building and conscientisation that gives them an increased sense of empowerment which in turn makes them able to engage in their own selfreliant sustainable development initiatives. Both community development and participatory research are grassroot level development initiatives. They both form part of the people-centered, participatory and social learning process - approaches to development. Both share a commitment to: realizing concrete and abstract goals, a social learning process, participation, empowerment, conscientisation, and sustainability. Both these development initiatives are orientated around operating in small homogenous groups as opposed to working with the whole community. In both participatory research and community development the person from outside the community who is initiating the development is required to fulfil the role of guide, advisor, advocate, enabler, and facilitator. Community development and participatory research share a similar research cycle that consists of the following stages: contact making, formal need identification, planning or analysis, implementation or action, and evaluation or reflection. Both research cycles are also committed to the same objectives namely: creating a community profile and need and problem profile, to draw up strategies to address some of the needs and problems, and to monitor and evaluate the strategies that were implemented. Both community development and participatory research therefore share a number of similarities in their objectives and goals, the most important of which is their shared commitment to development in which participation leads to an increase in social learning, capacity building and conscientisation that in tum results in participants experiencing an increased sense of empowerment which allows them to undertake their own self-reliant, sustainable development initiatives. Consequently this study concludes that participatory research is suitable for and beneficial to the practice of research in community development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op die gebruik van deelnemende navorsing in gemeenskapsontwikkelling. Deelnemende navorsing, wat alom bekend staan as PR, is 'n relatief nuwe sosiale navorsingsmetodologie wat ontstaan het uit "n algemene gevoel van ongelukkigheid met die beoefening van tradisionele navorsing in ontwikkeling. Deelnemende navorsing bestaan uit "n wye verskeidenheid navorsingsmetodologieë wat klem lê op deelneming, sosiale leer en aksie. Epistemologies is dit gebaseer op die metateorieë van kritiese teorie en tot 'n mindere mate fenomenologie en feminisme. Dit is primêr gebaseer op die idee dat mense volledig moet deelneem as navorsers in hulle eie navorsingsproses sodat hulle, hul eie kennis kan skep van hul eie sosiale realiteit waarmee hulle dan sosiale verandering kan meebring. Deelnemers in hierdie proses word deel van "n aaneenlopende kringloop van ontleding-aksie-refleksie. Deur hulle plek vol te staan as navorsers word deelnemers deel van "n proses van eie dialogiese sosiale praxis wat hulle toelaat om deel te hê aan 'n aaneenlopende siklus van sosiale leer, kapasiteitsbou en psigologiese bewuswording wat hulle "n groter gevoel van selfbemagtiging gee wat hulle dan toelaat om hul eie selfonderhoudende ontwikkelingsinitiatiewe te loods. Beide gemeenskapsontwikkeling en deelnemende navorsing vind plaas op grondvlak. Dit vorm altwee deel van die mensegesentreerde, deelnemende en sosiale leerprosesse van ontwikkeling. Beide is gemik op die realisering van konkrete en abstrakte doelstellings, 'n sosiale leerproses, deelname, selfbemagtiging, psigologiese bewuswording, en selfonderhoud. Beide hierdie benaderings tot ontwikkeling geskied in klein homogene groepsverband. In beide deelnemende navorsing en gemeenskapsontwikkeling is dit 'n persoon van buite die gemeenskap wat die proses inisieer en "n rol speel as voog, adviseer, advokaat, daarstelIer en fasiliteerder. Gemeeskapsontwikkeling en deelnemende navorsing deel "n navorsing siklus wat bestaan uit die volgende stadiums: kontak maak, die identifisering van behoefte, beplanning of ontleding, implementering of aksie, en evaluering of samevatting. Beide hierdie ondersoeksiklusse deel die volgende doelstellings, naamlik: die opstel van 'n gemeenskapsprofiel sowel as "n behoefte en probleem profiel, die optrek van "n strategie!:! om behoeftes en probleme aan te spreek, en laastens om die strategie!:! wat geïmplementeer is te monitor en evalueer. Beide gemeenskapsontwikkeling en deelnemende navorsing deel "n verskeidenheid ooreenkomste in terme van hulle doelstellings, waarvan die mees belangrikste 'n gedeelde toewyding tot ontwikkeling is waarin deelname lei tot "n toename in sosiale leer, kapasitieitsbou en psigologiese bewuswording wat tot gevolg het dat deelnemers "n toenemende sin van hulle eie selfbemagtiging kry wat hulle toelaat om hulle eie selfonderhoudende ontwikkelingsaksies te loods. Hierdie studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat deelnemende navorsing geskik is en bevorderend is vir die proses van navorsing in gemeenskapsontwikkeling.
Hwati, Lucky. "Participatory development (PD): NGOs and developmental practice in Zimbabwe". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015315.
Testo completoWiens, Marlene. "Zero to One in participatory development". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq64988.pdf.
Testo completoAli, Johar. "A critique of participatory development in Pakistan". Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5663.
Testo completoDoehne, Bryce A. "Supporting Student Veterans Utilizing Participatory Curriculum Development". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1460681183.
Testo completoAcheampong, Eric. "District assemblies and participatory rural development in Ghana". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336434.
Testo completoManoukian, Violeta (Sherab Violeta) Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. "Participatory development: paradigm shift in theory and practice". Ottawa, 1989.
Cerca il testo completoMohana, Malini. "Children's constructions of gender: A participatory project". Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30910.
Testo completoSingh, Sabina Sharan. "Repoliticising development, the rise of participatory development in the post-fordist context". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36082.pdf.
Testo completoDuncan, Andrew A. "A Participatory Evaluation of a Development NGO in Nicaragua". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30782.
Testo completoMaster of Science
Cretney, Alison, Steven Cretney e Tracy Meisterheim. "Integrating Participatory Processes in Planning for Strategic Sustainable Development". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4223.
Testo completoFernandez, Pepito R. "Understanding participatory development in Barangay Lumangan, Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ29492.pdf.
Testo completoWeber, Beat. "Can participatory planning improve sustainable urban development in Angola?" Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2031.
Testo completoNicolo, Francesca, Elissa Cardoso e Puente Julia Ramos. "Strategic Sustainable Development for transparent, accountable and participatory governments". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12729.
Testo completoWalsh, Kathleen Mary. "The potential of participatory evaluation for rural community development". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/6544408e-dc4b-4849-afba-3f4e6dc27336.
Testo completoLowe, Steven Michael. "Participatory design for battlefield park development and process comparison". Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063257/.
Testo completoRoberts, Michelle. "Assessing Participatory Action Research: A Case Study from the Lao PDR". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1090938622.
Testo completoWilson, Eric A. "Facilities as teaching tools| A transformative participatory professional development experience". Thesis, University of Colorado at Denver, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3633431.
Testo completoResource consumption continues to increase as the population grows. In order to secure a sustainable future, society must educate the next generation to become "sustainability natives." Schools play a pivotal role in educating a sustainability-literate society. However, a disconnect exists between the hidden curriculum of the built environment and the enacted curriculum. This study employs a transformative participatory professional development model to instruct teachers on how to use their school grounds as teaching tools for the purpose of helping students make explicit choices in energy consumption, materials use, and sustainable living.
Incorporating a phenomenological perspective, this study considers the lived experience of two sustainability coordinators. Grounded theory provides an interpretational context for the participants' interactions with each other and the professional development process. Through a year long professional development experience - commencing with an intense, participatory two-day workshop -the participants discussed challenges they faced with integrating facilities into school curriculum and institutionalizing a culture of sustainability.
Two major needs were identified in this study. For successful sustainability initiatives, a hybrid model that melds top-down and bottom-up approaches offers the requisite mix of administrative support, ground level buy-in, and excitement vis-à-vis sustainability. Second, related to this hybrid approach, K-12 sustainability coordinators ideally need administrative capabilities with access to decision making, while remaining connected to students in a meaningful way, either directly in the classroom, as a mentor, or through work with student groups and projects.
Qaed, Fatema. "Development of a supportive tool for participatory learning space design". Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33885/.
Testo completoBooley, M. Sharhidd (Mogommad Sharhidd). "The development of participatory management in supervision : an evaluative study". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/55265.
Testo completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study is focussed on the evaluation of the development of participatory management in supervision. The motivation for the study was, firstly, the increasing transformation of supervision to a more managerial form whereby social workers are guided in the fulfilment of their professional obligations; secondly, that social workers and supervisors expressed an increasing desire and wi 11 ingness to share the responsibi 1 i ty of managing direct practice through participation. The research was conducted within the conceptual framework of developmental research. The investigation of the existing state of supervision was undertaken by means of a literature study, as well as a quantitative-and qualitative survey among supervisors and their supervisees. This survey was also used to evaluate how developments in the theory and practice of participatory management was being brought into supervision. The probability that participatory management would continue to be implemented and developed in practice is high, since it is bedded in a scientifically-sound conceptual basis derived from authoritative literature and empirical support. Practising supervisors and supervisees can continue to apply participatory management in the ongoing reformation and restructuring of their management of direct practice. It could also contribute towards the improved quality of direct practice. The implementation of participatory management should go'beyond organisational limits. It should extend to the profession's accountability to the wider client system, which should be made aware of changes in the approach to direct practice management in the form of greater participation between seniors and subordinates. It is regarded as essential that participatory management approaches be subjected to tests to determine their efficacy, validity, and reliability as practice methods in supervision. Follow-up evaluation would help in the further development of participatory management in supervision. Further research with regard to participatory management is necessary with the view to maintaining its features in conformity with contemporary trends in the continuous reconceptualisation of management theory and practices.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is 'n evaluering van die ontwikkeling van deelnemende bestuur in supervisie. Die motivering vir die studie was eerstens die toEmemende ontwikkeling van supervisie tot 'n meer bestuursgerigte vorm wat maatskapl ike werkers in die ui tvoer van hulle professionele pligte rig; tweedens, dat maatskaplike werkers en supervisors 'n toenemende behoefte en bereidwilligheid te kenne gegee het om die verantwoordelikheid van praktykbestuur te deel. Die navorsing is binne die konsepsuele raamwerk van ontwikkelingsnavorsing onderneem. Die huidige stand van supervisie is deur middel van 'n literatuurstudie ondersoek, asook deur 'n kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe opname ender supervisors en maatskapl ike werkers. Hierdie opname is ook gebruik om te eval ueer hoe ontwikkel inge in die teorie en praktyk van deelnemende bestuur by supervisie ingesluit word. Deelnemende bestuur sal hoogs waarskynlik voortgaan om in die praktyk ge'implementeer en ontwikkel te word, aangesien di t op 'n wetenskaplik gesonde konsepsuele grondslag berus wat deur gesaghebbende literatuur en empiriese gegewens gerugsteun word. Supervisors en maatskaplike werkers kan voortgaan om deelnemende bestuur te gebruik in die voortdurende verbetering en herstrukturering van die bestuur van hul praktyke. Deelnemende bestuur kan ook die gehalte van direkte dienslewering verbeter. Die implementering van deelnemende bestuur behoort nie deur organisatoriese grense ingeperk te word nie, maar behoort uitgebrei te word tot die beroep se aanspreeklikheid teenoor die bre~r kli~ntestelsel deur bewusmaking van veranderinge in die benadering tot praktykbestuur in die vorm van groter deelname tussen seniors en ondergeskiktes. Di t is noodsaakl ik om benaderings tot deelnemende bestuur te toets om hul doeltreffendheid, geldigheid en betroubaarheid as praktykmetodes in supervisie te bepaal. Opvolg-evaluering sou 'n verdere hydrae tot die ontwikkeling van deelnemende bestuur in supervisie maak. Meer navorsing oor deelnemende bestuur is ook nodig om tred te hou met huidige tendense in die volgehoue herkonsepsualisering van bestuursteorie en -praktyke.
Sajeva, Maurizio. "Governance for sustainable systems : the development of a participatory framework". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13125.
Testo completoSvenskerud, Monica. "Community participation and participatory development in Post-Apartheid South Africa". Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5958.
Testo completoWimpenny, Katherine. "Participatory change : an integrative approach toward occupational therapy practice development". Thesis, Coventry University, 2009. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c1fd7f27-ab06-16cc-fed8-a864a1e7a109/1.
Testo completoCho, Yen-Ting. "Cubic film : interdisciplinary development of digital participatory moving image medium". Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2014. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1643/.
Testo completoBecker, David Michael. "A ministry of stewardship development through a participatory budgeting process". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
Testo completoEnghel, Florencia. "Indigenous, yes: participatory documentary-making revisited (an Argentine case study)". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22857.
Testo completoMacDonald, J. J. "Participatory evaluation and planning as an essential part of community development". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376281.
Testo completoBiggs, Stephen D. "Two articles focusing on participatory approaches". Olive Organisation Development and Training, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75076.
Testo completoAVOCADO series; v 06/95
Arnold, Amy. "A participatory approach in practice lessons from a Peace Corps experience /". Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594489751&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completoPowis, Benjamin. "Penetrating localities : participatory development and pragmatic politics in rural Andhra Pradesh, India". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/43090/.
Testo completoBrown, Michael C. "Community voices : participatory communication for community development in Nepal's urban settings". Thesis, University of Derby, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298259.
Testo completoStrongheart, D. H., Florence Obison e Fabio Bordoni. "Applying Construal Level Theory to Communication Strategies for Participatory Sustainable Development". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2835.
Testo completoWhitehead, Caroline Margaret. "NGOs and participatory development in Nepal : national, institutional and community dynamics". Thesis, Keele University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401085.
Testo completoTyekela, Pumla. "Stakeholder perceptions of participatory process in community development projects in Mdantsane". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20670.
Testo completoGibbons, Laura. "Participatory Edutainment in Practice : A Case Study of Wan Smolbag, Vanuatu". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39015.
Testo completoRoberts, Michelle S. "Assessing participatory action research : a case study from the Lao PDR /". Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1090938622.
Testo completoBamuturaki, Keneth. "Theatre for development as a participatory development process in Uganda : a critical analysis of contemporary practices". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/25454.
Testo completoNosti, Ekebratt Julia. "Participatory communication in Publicly Funded Projects: Sida - theory and practice in Guatemala". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23534.
Testo completoChinedu, Ojoh Akudo. "Democratic Renaissance and Participatory National Development in Fragile States: A Case Study". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/420874.
Testo completoEsta tesis doctoral pretende iluminar nuevamente eruditos acerca de la importancia de las practicas democraticas para el desarrollo de una nacion. Con Nigeria como caso de estudio, examino la decadencia de la democracia en el pais y ofrece un enfoque de desarrollo participativo nacional en lugar del sistema actual de gobernanza en el pais. La tesis esta organizada en ocho capitulos.
Noble, Jonathan Philip. "World Vision's partners in participatory development projects : where does the environment fit? /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envn749.pdf.
Testo completoChatiza, Kudzai. "Opportunities and challenges in institutionalising participatory development : the case of rural Zimbabwe". Thesis, Swansea University, 2008. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42227.
Testo completoCauble, Elizabeth Marie 1973. "Promising Empowerment: How Tostan Engages Communities in Participatory Development in Rural Senegal". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9978.
Testo completoThis thesis explores the empowerment effects of informal education programs run by the highly acclaimed non-governmental organization (NGO) Tostan in Senegal, West Africa. My interviews with 25 women in six rural communities in Senegal reveal that participants in Tostan training programs experience multiple forms and degrees of empowerment. The respondents in this study report sometimes feeling empowered in terms of education, access to resources, individualization and participation. In light of the literature on empowerment, my respondents remain only partially empowered, constrained by existing sociopolitical relations and economic dependency. My research also considers whether there are structural limits to empowerment when an outside NGO comes into a community for a relatively short time to promote change better produced indigenously.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Dennis Galvan, Chair; Dr. Stephen Wooten; Dr. Anne Williams
Babcock, Ruth C. A., e University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "Participatory action research with the German speaking Mennonites". Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, 1998, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/82.
Testo completovii, 167 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.
Costella, Cecilia V. "Participatory Development in Social Funds: A Case Study of the Peruvian Social Fund". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9273_1298890144.
Testo completoThis research aims to assess the role of Social Funds&rsquo
organizational and institutional characteristics for community participation processes in development projects. The research is based on a case study of the Peruvian Social Fund, FONCODES, and utilizes a qualitative data collection approach. It mainly relies on semi-structured interviews with FONCODES&rsquo
staff and community members, unstructured interviews with experts, and analysis of operational documents. The research concludes that several organizational and institutional characteristics affect community participation in FONCODES projects but the direction of this influence depends on how specific areas of the organization&rsquo
s context are structured as well as on political variables in the institutional environment.
de, Miguel Capell Jordi. "Looking for Amina: An experience on Forum Theatre. Entertainment-Education and participatory approaches". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21229.
Testo completoSimwaka, Rodin Rams Kapelele Atughanire. "The impact of decentralisation on participatory development in the Nsanje district of Malawi". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021206.
Testo completoZwane, Elliot Mahlengule. "Participatory development of an extension approach and policy for Limpopo Province, South Africa". Thesis, Pretori : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10172009-093242/.
Testo completoBajraktari, Florentina, Rosamund Mosse e Voto Gabriel Neira. "Transforming U.Lab : Re-designing a participatory methodology using a strategic sustainable perspective". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12938.
Testo completoRew, Martin John. "Auditing 'development' : an anthropological study of 'audit culture' within a 'participatory rural development' project in Eastern India". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619960.
Testo completoDavies, van Es Anna Catherine. "Towards a developmental approach : an evaluation of a participatory action research development process with the NGO, WARMTH". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10349.
Testo completoThis study is an evaluation of a year-long participatory development intervention with the non-governmental organisation (NGO), WAR on Malnutrition Tuberculosis and Hunger (hereafter WARMTH). It looks at the attempts by the organisation to make the ideological and practical shift from welfare to developmental practice, and the impact on their key beneficiaries, the Kitchen Operators (KOs). This process is extremely complex and difficult due to the South African context and a history of welfare and dependency relationship within the organisation.