Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric polymer"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric polymer":
1
P S, Lekshmi Priya, Biswaranjan Swain, Shailendra Rajput, Saubhagyalaxmi Behera e Sabyasachi Parida. "Advances in P(VDF-TrFE) Composites: A Methodical Review on Enhanced Properties and Emerging Electronics Applications". Condensed Matter 8, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat8040105.
Abstract (sommario):
Piezoelectric polymers are a class of material that belong to carbon–hydrogen-based organic materials with a long polymer chain. They fill the void where single crystals and ceramics fail to perform. This characteristic of piezoelectric polymers made them unique. Their piezoelectric stress constant is higher than ceramics and the piezoelectric strain is lower compared to ceramics. This study’s goal is to present the most recent information on poly(vinylidene fluoride) with trifluoroethylene P(VDF-TrFE), a major copolymer of poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF with piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and ferroelectric characteristics. The fabrication of P(VDF-TrFE) composites and their usage in a variety of applications, including in actuators, transducers, generators, and energy harvesting, are the primary topics of this work. The report provides an analysis of how the addition of fillers improves some of the features of P(VDF-TrFE). Commonly utilized polymer composite preparation techniques, including spinning, Langmuir–Blodgett (LB), solution casting, melt extrusion, and electrospinning are described, along with their effects on the pertinent characteristics of the polymer composite. A brief discussion on the literature related to different applications (such as bio-electronic devices, sensors and high energy-density piezoelectric generators, low mechanical damping, and easy voltage rectifiers of the polymer composite is also presented.
2
He, Fu-An, Min-Ji Kim, Shui-Mei Chen, Yuen-Shing Wu, Kwok-Ho Lam, Helen Lai-Wa Chan e Jin-Tu Fan. "Tough and porous piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE)/organosilicate composite membrane". High Performance Polymers 29, n. 2 (28 luglio 2016): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008316631611.
Abstract (sommario):
Novel P(VDF-TrFE)/organosilicate composite membrane was fabricated by electrospinning. The electrospun composite membrane containing as little as 2 wt% of organosilicate demonstrated significant improvements in strength, modulus, and toughness by about 103%, 45%, and 97%, respectively, when compared with those of electrospun pure P(VDF-TrFE) membrane, while maintaining high porosity and good breathability and piezoelectricity. We believe that such an organosilicate-reinforced durable, porous, and piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) membrane has huge advantages in various applications such as flexible sensors, wearable electronics, filter membrane, tissue engineering, battery separator, and polymer electrolyte.
3
Jung, Eunyoung, Choon-Sang Park, Taeeun Hong e Heung-Sik Tae. "Structure and Dielectric Properties of Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) Copolymer Thin Films Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Deposition for Piezoelectric Nanogenerator". Nanomaterials 13, n. 10 (22 maggio 2023): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13101698.
Abstract (sommario):
This study investigates the structural phase and dielectric properties of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P[VDF–TrFE]) thin films grown via atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma deposition using a mixed polymer solution comprising P[VDF–TrFE] polymer nano powder and dimethylformamide (DMF) liquid solvent. The length of the glass guide tube of the AP plasma deposition system is an important parameter in producing intense cloud-like plasma from the vaporization of DMF liquid solvent containing polymer nano powder. This intense cloud-like plasma for polymer deposition is observed in a glass guide tube of length 80 mm greater than the conventional case, thus uniformly depositing the P[VDF–TrFE] thin film with a thickness of 3 μm. The P[VDF–TrFE] thin films with excellent β-phase structural properties were coated under the optimum conditions at room temperature for 1 h. However, the P[VDF–TrFE] thin film had a very high DMF solvent component. The post-heating treatment was then performed on a hotplate in air for 3 h at post-heating temperatures of 140 °C, 160 °C, and 180 °C to remove DMF solvent and obtain pure piezoelectric P[VDF–TrFE] thin films. The optimal conditions for removing the DMF solvent while maintaining the β phases were also examined. The post-heated P[VDF–TrFE] thin films at 160 °C had a smooth surface with nanoparticles and crystalline peaks of β phases, as confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and XRD analysis. The dielectric constant of the post-heated P[VDF–TrFE] thin film was measured to be 30 using an impedance analyzer at 10 kHz and is expected to be applied to electronic devices such as low-frequency piezoelectric nanogenerators.
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Wang, Aochen, Ming Hu, Liwei Zhou e Xiaoyong Qiang. "Self-Powered Well-Aligned P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric Nanofiber Nanogenerator for Modulating an Exact Electrical Stimulation and Enhancing the Proliferation of Preosteoblasts". Nanomaterials 9, n. 3 (3 marzo 2019): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9030349.
Abstract (sommario):
Electric potential plays an indispensable role in tissue engineering and wound healing. Piezoelectric nanogenerators based on direct piezoelectric effects can be self-powered energy sources for electrical stimulation and have attracted extensive attention. However, the accuracy of piezoelectric stimuli on piezoelectric polymers membranes in vitro during the dynamic condition is rarely studied. Here, a self-powered tunable electrical stimulation system for assisting the proliferation of preosteoblasts was achieved by well-aligned P(VDF-TrFE) piezoelectric nanofiber membrane (NFM) both as a nanogenerator (NG) and as a scaffold. The effects of electrospinning and different post-treatments (annealing and poling) on the surface wettability, piezoelectric β phase, ferroelectric properties, and sensing performance of NFMs were evaluated here. The polarized P(VDF-TrFE) NFM offered an enhanced piezoelectric value (d31 of 22.88 pC/N) versus pristine P(VDF-TrFE) NFM (d31 of 0.03 pC/N) and exhibited good sensing performance. The maximum voltage and current output of the P(VDF-TrFE) piezoelectric nanofiber NGs reached −1.7 V and 41.5 nA, respectively. An accurate electrical response was obtained in real time under dynamic mechanical stimulation by immobilizing the NGs on the flexible bottom of the culture plate, thereby restoring the real scene of providing electrical stimulation to the cells in vitro. In addition, we simulated the interaction between the piezoelectric nanofiber NG and cells through an equivalent circuit model. To verify the feasibility of P(VDF-TrFE) nanofiber NGs as an exact electrical stimulation, the effects of different outputs of P(VDF-TrFE) nanofiber NGs on cell proliferation in vitro were compared. The study realized a significant enhancement of preosteoblasts proliferation. This work demonstrated the customizability of P(VDF-TrFE) piezoelectric nanofiber NG for self-powered electrical stimulation system application and suggested its significant potential application for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Budaev, Artem V., Ivanna N. Melnikovich, Vasily E. Melnichenko e Nikita A. Emelianov. "Atomic Force Microscopy of the Local Electrical Properties of Bilayer Polyaniline-Polystyrene/P(VDF-TrFE) Composite". Key Engineering Materials 899 (8 settembre 2021): 506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.506.
Abstract (sommario):
Atomic force microscopy techniques (conductive-AFM, I-V spectroscopy and PFM) were used for characterisation of the local electrical properties of bilayer polyaniline-polystyrene/P(VDF-TrFE) polymer nanocomposite. Observed hysteresis of current-voltage characteristics confirms its memristive properties. It was caused by the influence of the ferroelectric polarization of P(VDF-TrFE) layer, the domain structure of which was visualised by piezoelectric force microscopy on the transport of charge carriers at the interface.
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Lam, Tu-Ngoc, Chia-Yin Ma, Po-Han Hsiao, Wen-Ching Ko, Yi-Jen Huang, Soo-Yeol Lee, Jayant Jain e E.-Wen Huang. "Tunable Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Coaxial Electrospun Composite Nanofibers of P(VDF-TrFE) and P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n. 9 (28 aprile 2021): 4639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094639.
Abstract (sommario):
The coaxial core/shell composite electrospun nanofibers consisting of relaxor ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) and ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) polymers are successfully tailored towards superior structural, mechanical, and electrical properties over the individual polymers. The core/shell-TrFE/CTFE membrane discloses a more prominent mechanical anisotropy between the revolving direction (RD) and cross direction (CD) associated with a higher tensile modulus of 26.9 MPa and good strength-ductility balance, beneficial from a better degree of nanofiber alignment, the increased density, and C-F bonding. The interfacial coupling between the terpolymer P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) and copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) is responsible for comparable full-frequency dielectric responses between the core/shell-TrFE/CTFE and pristine terpolymer. Moreover, an impressive piezoelectric coefficient up to 50.5 pm/V is achieved in the core/shell-TrFE/CTFE composite structure. Our findings corroborate the promising approach of coaxial electrospinning in efficiently tuning mechanical and electrical performances of the electrospun core/shell composite nanofiber membranes-based electroactive polymers (EAPs) actuators as artificial muscle implants.
7
Muthusamy, Lavanya, Balaadithya Uppalapati, Samee Azad, Manav Bava e Goutam Koley. "Self-Polarized P(VDF-TrFE)/Carbon Black Composite Piezoelectric Thin Film". Polymers 15, n. 20 (18 ottobre 2023): 4131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204131.
Abstract (sommario):
Self-polarized energy harvesting materials have seen increasing research interest in recent years owing to their simple fabrication method and versatile application potential. In this study, we systematically investigated self-polarized P(VDF-TrFE)/carbon black (CB) composite thin films synthesized on flexible substrates, with the CB content varying from 0 to 0.6 wt.% in P(VDF-TrFE). The presence of –OH functional groups on carbon black significantly enhances its crystallinity, dipolar orientation, and piezoelectric performance. Multiple characterization techniques were used to investigate the crystalline quality, chemical structure, and morphology of the composite P(VDF-TrFE)/CB films, which indicated no significant changes in these parameters. However, some increase in surface roughness was observed when the CB content increased. With the application of an external force, the piezoelectrically generated voltage was found to systematically increase with higher CB content, reaching a maximum value at 0.6 wt.%, after which the sample exhibited low resistance. The piezoelectric voltage produced by the unpoled 0.6 wt.% CB composite film significantly exceeded the unpoled pure P(VDF-TrFE) film when subjected to the same applied strain. Furthermore, it exhibited exceptional stability in the piezoelectric voltage over time, exceeding the output voltage of the poled pure P(VDF-TrFE) film. Notably, P(VDF_TrFE)/CB composite-based devices can be used in energy harvesting and piezoelectric strain sensing to monitor human motions, which has the potential to positively impact the field of smart wearable devices.
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Hafner, Jonas, Marco Teuschel, Jürgen Schrattenholzer, Michael Schneider e Ulrich Schmid. "Optimized Batch Process for Organic MEMS Devices". Proceedings 2, n. 13 (28 novembre 2018): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2130904.
Abstract (sommario):
Recently, organic electromechanical transducers have attracted intense scientific and technological interest due to their unique mechanical flexibility and their piezoelectric properties. However, the fabrication of organic MEMS devices is challenging. For example, a lift-off process cannot be used on polymers, because of the solvent in photoresists. Here, we present a straightforward and low-cost batch process for organic MEMS devices using standard micromachining techniques. As organic material we used the ferroelectric (co-)polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluorethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)). The integration of the polymer in a CMOS-compatible process was optimized in terms of deposition and patterning of the polymer and the corresponding metal layers. Micromachined devices, such as capacitors and cantilevers, were fabricated and analysed. The ferroelectric perfomance was evaluated by electrical and electromechanical measurements. Our first results indicate that the proposed fabrication process is reliable resulting in well-functioning organic MEMS devices. We measured as piezoelectric constant a d33 of −32 pm/V with our organic P(VDF-TrFE) capacitors.
9
Singh, Deepa, Deepak Deepak e Ashish Garg. "An efficient route to fabricate fatigue-free P(VDF-TrFE) capacitors with enhanced piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties and excellent thermal stability for sensing and memory applications". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, n. 11 (2017): 7743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp00275k.
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Kim, Yong-Il, Dabin Kim, Jihun Jung, Sang-Woo Kim e Miso Kim. "Airflow-induced P(VDF-TrFE) fiber arrays for enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting". APL Materials 10, n. 3 (1 marzo 2022): 031110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081257.
Abstract (sommario):
Piezoelectricity, flexibility, light weight, and biocompatibility of piezoelectric polymer fibers are the desired attributes for energy harvesting and sensing in wearable and biomedical applications. However, the relatively insufficient piezoelectric performance of piezoelectric polymers remains an issue. Here, we demonstrate a considerable increase in P(VDF-TrFE) fiber alignment via electrospinning with a rapidly rotating collector, which substantially enhanced the piezoelectric performance of the fiber mat over a large area. Considering the relationship between the airflow induced near the collector surface and the rotating speed, the collectors with different geometries were systematically compared in terms of the degree of alignment, fiber morphology, and the resulting crystalline electroactive phases of the fibers produced by each collector. We found that the strong airflow induced by the rapid rotation of the modified drum collector contributes to the preferential fiber orientation by pulling and stretching over a large area, which led to an increase in the crystalline electroactive β-phase content responsible for piezoelectricity. As a result, a maximum voltage of 116.6 V and maximum output power of 13.6 µW were achieved using a flexible piezoelectric device comprising a large-area, highly aligned P(VDF-TrFE) fiber mat produced from a modified drum collector at a significantly high speed. This work provides a facile but powerful solution for the wide use of piezoelectric polymer fibers.
Tesi sul tema "P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric polymer":
1
Sukumaran, Sunija. "Design and preparation of a micro-harvesting device made of hybrid SMA/Piezoelectric polymer composite". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0140.
Abstract (sommario):
La récupération d'énergie à petite échelle pour alimenter les appareils électroniques autoalimentés se développe considérablement. À cet égard, la possibilité de combiner la récolte thermique et mécanique à l'aide de matériaux intelligents fait l'objet d'une plus grande attention. Nous avons présenté la faisabilité de l'utilisation d'un polymère piézoélectrique P(VDF-TrFE) couplé à un alliage à mémoire de forme (AMF) NiTi pour récolter à la fois l'énergie mécanique et thermique dans des dispositifs évolutifs simples. Un composite multicouche AMF-P(VDF-TrFE) a été élaboré et a démontré ses performances électro-thermo-mécaniques. Nous avons conçu un banc expérimental pour effectuer la caractérisation électro-thermomécanique du composite, permettant de mesurer la réponse piézoélectrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un chauffage et un refroidissement périodique. De plus, nous avons réalisé l'analyse par éléments finis du composite AMF/Piézoélectrique et simulé les principales propriétés du SMA telles que le comportement super-élastique, l'effet de mémoire de forme unidirectionnel et l'effet de mémoire de forme bidirectionnel, pour finalement identifier le comportement électro-thermomécanique effectif global du composite AMF-polymère piézoélectrique. Enfin, afin de récolter efficacement la charge électrique générée à partir du film P(VDF-TrFE), nous avons étudié et comparé deux types de convertisseurs élévateurs intégrés, et déterminé les conditions pour une collecte d’énergie effective. Ces résultats sont prometteurs et montrent la faisabilité de ce composite multicouche pour alimenter de manière autonome de petits appareils électroniques tels que des capteurs sans fil, des MEMS et des dispositifs biomédicauxSmall-scale energy harvesting to power self-powered electronic devices is tremendously increasing. In this regard, the ability to combine thermal and mechanical harvesting using smart materials pays more attention. We have presented the feasibility of using P(VDF-TrFE) piezoelectric polymer coupled with NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) to harvest both mechanical and thermal energy in simple scalable devices. A novel multi-layered SMA-P(VDF-TrFE) composite was fabricated and carried out their electro-thermo-mechanical performance. We have designed and developed an experimental bench to perform the electro-thermomechanical characterization of the composite, allowing us to measure the piezoelectric response when it is subjected to periodic heating and cooling. Furthermore, we performed the finite element analysis of the SMA-Piezoelectric composite and simulated the main properties of SMA such as superelastic behavior, one-way shape memory effect, and two-way shape memory effect, to finally identify the overall effective electro-thermomechanical behavior of the SMA-piezoelectric polymer composite. Finally, in order to efficiently harvest the electric charge generated from the P(VDF-TrFE) film, we have studied and compared two types of integrated converters and determined the conditions for effective energy harvesting. These results are promising, which showing the feasibility of this multilayered composite to power small electronics such as wireless sensors, MEMS and biomedical devices in an autonomous way
2
Schulze, Robert. "Strukturintegrierbare Sensoren auf Basis piezoelektrischer Polymere". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-224135.
Abstract (sommario):
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung von Sensoren in einer neuen, großserienfähigen Technologie. Mit dem Mehrkomponentenmikrospritzgießverfahren werden mechanische Sensorstrukturen aus (faserverstärktem) Kunststoff an polymere piezoelektrische Wandler angebunden. Die hergestellten Aufnehmer können über die Weiterverarbeitung mit Hybridtechnologien für die Strukturintegration eingesetzt werden. Diese Dissertation stellt Entwurfsmethoden und Modelle zur Vorausberechnung der neuartigen Sensoren bereit, die zur Qualifizierung der neuen Technologie benötigt werden. Dazu werden bekannte Modellierungsansätze angewandt und wesentliche Erweiterungen für die praktische Nutzung erarbeitet. Entwurfsrelevante technologieabhängige Kenngrößen, wie die elastischen Eigenschaften der verarbeiteten Werkstoffe und die geometrischen Dimensionen der hergestellten Sensorstrukturen werden untersucht und deren Einfluss auf den Entwurfsprozessdargelegt. Die hergestellten Sensoren werden in ihrer Grundfunktion messtechnisch charakterisiert und die System- und Strukturintegration vorgestelltThe presented work describes the development of sensors in a novel technology approach feasible for large-scale production. By using the multicomponent microinjection molding process, mechanical sensor structures out of (fiber-reinforced) polymers are joined with piezoelectric polymer transducers. The fabricated sensors can be processed further with hybrid manufacturing technologies and adapted for structure integration. This thesis introduces design methods and models for the preliminary calculation of the novel sensors, which are required for a technology qualification. Therefore, existing modelling approaches adapted and essentially extended for practical use. Design relevant parameters related to the technology like the elastic properties of the applied materials or the geometric dimensions of the manufactured sensor structures are characterized and the system and structure integration of the sensors is presented
3
Schulze, Robert. "Strukturintegrierbare Sensoren auf Basis piezoelektrischer Polymere". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsverlag der Technischen Universität Chemnitz, 2016. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20688.
Abstract (sommario):
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung von Sensoren in einer neuen, großserienfähigen Technologie. Mit dem Mehrkomponentenmikrospritzgießverfahren werden mechanische Sensorstrukturen aus (faserverstärktem) Kunststoff an polymere piezoelektrische Wandler angebunden. Die hergestellten Aufnehmer können über die Weiterverarbeitung mit Hybridtechnologien für die Strukturintegration eingesetzt werden. Diese Dissertation stellt Entwurfsmethoden und Modelle zur Vorausberechnung der neuartigen Sensoren bereit, die zur Qualifizierung der neuen Technologie benötigt werden. Dazu werden bekannte Modellierungsansätze angewandt und wesentliche Erweiterungen für die praktische Nutzung erarbeitet. Entwurfsrelevante technologieabhängige Kenngrößen, wie die elastischen Eigenschaften der verarbeiteten Werkstoffe und die geometrischen Dimensionen der hergestellten Sensorstrukturen werden untersucht und deren Einfluss auf den Entwurfsprozessdargelegt. Die hergestellten Sensoren werden in ihrer Grundfunktion messtechnisch charakterisiert und die System- und Strukturintegration vorgestellt.The presented work describes the development of sensors in a novel technology approach feasible for large-scale production. By using the multicomponent microinjection molding process, mechanical sensor structures out of (fiber-reinforced) polymers are joined with piezoelectric polymer transducers. The fabricated sensors can be processed further with hybrid manufacturing technologies and adapted for structure integration. This thesis introduces design methods and models for the preliminary calculation of the novel sensors, which are required for a technology qualification. Therefore, existing modelling approaches adapted and essentially extended for practical use. Design relevant parameters related to the technology like the elastic properties of the applied materials or the geometric dimensions of the manufactured sensor structures are characterized and the system and structure integration of the sensors is presented.
4
Della, Schiava Nellie. "Development of electrostrictive P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) terpolymer for medical applications". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI112.
Abstract (sommario):
Au XXIe siècle, les maladies cardiovasculaires sont devenues une cause majeure de mortalité, la première au monde, la deuxième en France après les cancers. En effet, les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires ont augmenté de façon significative au cours des dernières décennies et ce phénomène se poursuit aujourd'hui. Ces facteurs sont responsables du développement de l’athérosclérose et mènent à des syndromes coronariens aigus, des crises cardiaques, des accidents cérébrovasculaires, des insuffisances rénales mais également à des maladies artérielles périphériques et à des anévrysmes artériels. Le traitement de première ligne de l'athérosclérose, indépendamment du territoire artériel concerné, est le traitement médical. Mais, si malgré le meilleur traitement médical, les symptômes sont importants pour les patients, le traitement interventionnel peut être considéré. Pour les anévrismes et pour la maladie artérielle périphérique, la chirurgie vasculaire est possible. La chirurgie vasculaire peut être divisée en deux catégories : la chirurgie ouverte conventionnelle et les techniques endovasculaires. Au cours des dix dernières années, les techniques endovasculaires sont devenues le traitement de première ligne pour la plupart de ces lésions artérielles. Elles sont devenues le traitement de première ligne, car elles permettent une réduction considérable de la morbi-mortalité chirurgicale et une grande réduction des coûts de santéIn the 21st century, cardiovascular diseases became a major cause of mortality, the first in the entire world, the second in France after cancers. Indeed, cardiovascular risk factors have been increasing significantly over the past decades and this phenomenon is ongoing today. These factors cause atherosclerosis and lead to coronary acute syndrome, heart attacks, cerebrovascular accident, renal insufficiency but also to peripheral arterial disease (PAOD) and arterial aneurysms. First line treatment of atherosclerosis, regardless of arterial territory concerned, is medical treatment. But, if despite best medical treatment, symptoms are important for patients, interventional treatment may be considered. For aneurysms and for PAOD, vascular surgery is possible. Vascular surgery can be divided into two categories: conventional open repair (COR) and endovascular techniques (ET). During the last ten years, ET became the first line treatment for most arterial injuries. ET has become the first line treatment because it allows a considerable reduction in surgical morbi-mortality and a great reduction in health costs
5
Gusarova, Elena. "Dispositifs souples pour la récupération d’énergie à base de matériaux organiques piezoélectriques P(VDF-TrFE) imprimés". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT139/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Le but de cette thèse était d’étudier des solutions innovantes pour la récupération d’énergie pour pouvoir alimenter de manière autonome les futurs capteurs et nœuds communicants sans fil de l’Internet des Objets (IoT pour Internet of Things). Le travail s’est focalisé sur des matériaux piézoélectriques souples et sur une approche composite et multiphysique. L’objectif est de récupérer de l’énergie à partir de déformations directes ou induites provenant de sources à la fois mécaniques et thermiques et en particulier de sources négligées jusqu’alors (lentes et de faibles intensités). L’idée maitresse est l’hybridation de plusieurs matériaux fonctionnels avec un cœur du système constitué par des microgénérateurs piézoélectriques (et pyroélectriques) imprimés nécessaires à la génération de charges électriques. L’originalité de ce travail est d’avoir réalisé un système de récupération d’énergie entièrement flexible, au format d’une carte de crédit et compatible avec de plus grandes dimensions, en utilisant des copolymères piézoélectriques de P(VDF-TrFE) sous forme d’encres. Ce matériau est flexible et particulièrement résistant, ce qui le rend attractif pour desapplications mettant en jeu formes complexes, notamment, courbes. Un autre avantage du copolymère de P(VDF-TrFE) est qu’il ne nécessite pas de pré-déformation mécanique comme pour le polymère PVDF et il commence à être aujourd’hui disponible sous forme d’encres pour l’électronique imprimée, ce qui simplifiera et réduira les coûts de fabrication à termes.En premier, nous décrivons le procédé de fabrication par sérigraphie des microgénérateurs en P(VDF-TrFE), suivi par les caractérisations ferroélectriques puis piézoélectriques des dispositifs. A cet effet, nous avons développé des techniques de mesures originales en circuit ouvert qui ont été testées et validées au préalable avec des échantillons dePVDF commercial. La dernière étape a été de réaliser un prototype de récupération d’énergie thermique flexible de faible encombrement (sans radiateur). Cela a été réalisé en hybridant les microgénérateurs précédemment fabriqués avec des feuilles d’alliages à mémoire de forme thermique à base de NiTi, qui est un matériau sensible à un seuil de température donnée.Les résultats phares de cette étude sont : 1) le dépôt multicouches de P(VDF-TrFE)combiné au dépôt d’une électrode souple en PEDOT:PSS, β) l’établissement des caractéristiques ferroélectriques et piézoélectriques en fonction de l’épaisseur de P(VDFTrFE) et enfin γ) la détermination d’un coefficient g31 supérieur à la normale avec0.15 V·m/N. Aussi, nous avons démontré la capacité de ces microgénérateurs à délivrer des tensions utiles de l’ordre de 10 V avec ici une densité d’énergie de proche de 500 μJ/cm3, ces valeurs étant limitées aux conditions de test utilisées.Nous concluons ce travail sur une preuve de concept fonctionnelle de récupérateur d’énergie thermique flexible apte à détecter ou utiliser des variations lentes et faibles de température à partir de sources élémentaires, produisant pour l’instant γ7 V (correspondant à95 μJ) à 65 ºC, et qui à termes pourront être l’air ambiant (chaud ou froid) ou la chaleur de la peauThis work aims to study innovative solutions for energy harvesting applicable toautonomous wireless sensors for IoT (Internet of Things). It is focused on flexiblepiezoelectric composite materials and a multi-physical approach. The objective is to harvestenergy via strain-induced phenomena from both mechanical and thermal sources, andparticularly sources neglected so far (slow and low). The main idea is the hybridization ofdifferent functional materials with the core of the system being screen printed piezo/pyroelectricmicrogenerators, mandatory to generate electrical charges. The originality of thiswork is to realize large area flexible energy harvesting systems by using ink-basedpiezoelectric copolymers of polyvinylidene fluoride P(VDF-TrFE). This material is veryflexible and durable which makes it attractive for applications in systems with complexshapes. Another benefit of P(VDF-TrFE) is that it does not need to be pre-stretched as PVDFand it is now available in inks for printable electronics which can simplify and reduce theprice of the fabrication process.We first describe the fabrication process of the screen printed P(VDF-TrFE)microgenerators, followed by ferroelectric and piezoelectric characterizations. For thispurpose we have developed optimized methods in open-circuit conditions adapted for flexiblesystems tested and validated on commercial bulk PVDF. The last step was to realize a lowprofile thermal flexible energy harvester prototype (no radiator). It was done by hybridizationof the fabricated microgenerators and foils of shape memory NiTi-based alloy, which is afunctional material sensitive to a given temperature threshold.The key outcomes of this work are: 1) the successful deposition of multilayers ofP(VDF-TrFE) and organic PEDOT:PSS electrode, 2) dielectric, ferroelectric and directpiezoelectric constants reported as a function of film thickness, and 3) the g31 direct voltagecoefficient, measured for the first time, and showing the record value of 0.15 V·m/N. Also,we have demonstrated that in open-circuit conditions, the microgenerators can produce auseful strain-induced voltage of 10 V with an energy density close to 500 μJ/cm3, these valuesbeing limited by the experimental set-up.The concept of thermal energy harvesting composite based on thin film screen printedP(VDF-TrFE) microgenerators was realized and demonstrated to be effective. We concludewith a functional prototype of flexible energy harvester, able to detect non-continuous slowthermal events and producing 37 V (corresponding to 95 μJ) at 65 ºC
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Ganesan, Lakshmi Meena. "Coupling of the electrical, mechanical and optical response in polymer/liquid-crystal composites". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4157/.
Abstract (sommario):
Micrometer-sized liquid-crystal (LC) droplets embedded in a polymer matrix may enable optical switching in the composite film through the alignment of the LC director along an external electric field. When a ferroelectric material is used as host polymer, the electric field generated by the piezoelectric effect can orient the director of the LC under an applied mechanical stress, making these materials interesting candidates for piezo-optical devices. In this work, polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are prepared from poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) and a nematic liquid crystal (LC). The anchoring effect is studied by means of dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. Two dispersion regions are observed in the dielectric spectra of the pure P(VDF-TrFE) film. They are related to the glass transition and to a charge-carrier relaxation, respectively. In PDLC films containing 10 and 60 wt% LC, an additional, bias-field-dependent relaxation peak is found that can be attributed to the motion of LC molecules. Due to the anchoring effect of the LC molecules, this relaxation process is slowed down considerably, when compared with the related process in the pure LC. The electro-optical and piezo-optical behavior of PDLC films containing 10 and 60 wt% LCs is investigated. In addition to the refractive-index mismatch between the polymer matrix and the LC molecules, the interaction between the polymer dipoles and the LC molecules at the droplet interface influences the light-scattering behavior of the PDLC films. For the first time, it was shown that the electric field generated by the application of a mechanical stress may lead to changes in the transmittance of a PDLC film. Such a piezo-optical PDLC material may be useful e.g. in sensing and visualization applications. Compared to a non-polar matrix polymer, the polar matrix polymer exhibits a strong interaction with the LC molecules at the polymer/LC interface which affects the electro-optical effect of the PDLC films and prevents a larger increase in optical transmission.Mikrometer-große, in eine Polymermatrix eingebettete Flüssigkristall-Tröpfchen können als elektro-optische Lichtventile fungieren, da die Ausrichtung der Flüssigkristalle durch ein externes elektrisches Feld verändert werden kann. Wird nun ein ferroelektrisches Polymer als Matrix verwendet, so kann das durch den piezoelektrischen Effekt erzeugte und von der äußeren mechanischen Spannung abhängige elektrische Feld den Flüssigkristall ausrichten. Solche Materialien können daher als piezo-optische Lichtventile eingesetzt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden PDLCs (polymer-dispersed liquid crystals) durch Einbettung von nematischen Flüssigkristallen in Poly(Vinylidenefluoride-Trifluorethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) erzeugt. Die Wechselwirkungen an der Grenzfläche zwischen Flüssigkristall und Polymer wurden mittels dielektrischer Spektroskopie untersucht. Im dielektrischen Spektrum des reinen P(VDF-TrFE) wurden zwei Dispersions-Regionen beobachtet, welche vom Glasübergang und einer Ladungsträgerrelaxation des Polymers herrühren. PDLC Folien mit unterschiedlichen Anteilen von Flüssigkristall-Tröpfchen (10 bzw. 60 Gewichtsprozente) zeigten beim Anlegen eines elektrischen Wechselfelds zusatzliche Relaxationseffekte, welche der Bewegung der eingebetteten Flüssigkristall-Moleküle zugeordnet werden konnten. Durch die Einlagerung der Flüssigkristall-Moleküle weist die Struktur eine Relaxation auf, die gegenüber vergleichbaren Prozessen im reinen Flüssigkristall deutlich verlangsamt ist. Des weiteren wurde das elektrooptische und piezo-optische Verhalten der mit 10 und 60 Gewichtsprozent Flüssigkristall geladenen Folien untersucht. Die Lichtstreuung hängt dabei ab von der Fehlanpassung der Brechungsindizes von Polymermatrix und Flüssigkristallen sowie von den Wechselwirkungen der Polymerdipole mit den Flüssigkristall-Molekülen an der Tröpfchenoberfläche. Es konnte erstmalig gezeigt werden, dass die Lichtdurchlässigkeit der PDLC-Folien durch eine externe mechanische Spannung gesteuert werden kann. Dieser Effekt macht das piezo-optische PDLC-Material für die Verwendung in Optik- und Sensoranwendungen interessant. Im Vergleich mit unpolaren Wirtspolymeren zeigen polare Wirtsmaterialien eine deutlich stärkere Wechselwirkung zwischen den Flüssigkristall-Molekülen an der Polymer/Flüssigkristall-Grenzfläche, welche den elektrooptischen Effekt beeinflusst und so die maximale transmissions änderung reduziert.
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Nguyen, Van Son. "Élaboration de films nanocomposites hybrides P(VDF-TrFE)/nanocristaux, et intégration dans des dispositifs microstructurés". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0075/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Les objectifs de ce travail consistent à développer de nouveaux matériaux souples hybrides organiques/inorganiques en vue d'application pour des microsystèmes. Cette étude comprend l'élaboration et la caractérisation de nanocomposites à matrices polymères ferroélectriques P(VDF-TrFE), matériaux potentiels pour les applications à base de films minces, et de différents types de nanoparticules: ZnO, LiNbO3 (piézoélectriques) et Al2O3 (non-piézoélectriques). Les protocoles de dispersion ultrasoniques des nanoparticules dans des solvants et des solutions polymères ont été optimisés, afin de disperser de façon homogène des clusters de nanocristaux dans la matrice copolymère. Les films d'épaisseurs contrôlées de 0.1 µm à 100 µm ont été fabriqués par spin-coating et enduction, avec une qualité de surface adaptée aux micro-technologies. L'étude de la morphologie et de la cristallinité de P(VDF-trFE) a montré leur préservation en présence de nanoparticules jusqu'à 10 wt.%. Les nanocomposites gardent ainsi des propriétés piézoélectriques élevées tout en montrant un renforcement allant jusqu'à 30 % des propriétés mécaniques avec 10 wt.% de ZnO ou Al2O3. De plus, une augmentation des constantes élastiques avec la diminution de la taille des clusters de nanoparticules a été observée. Les films nanocomposites sur substrats ou autosupportés chargés jusqu'à 10 wt.% ont été polarisés avec succès par Corona sans contact. Des protocoles spécifiques pour réaliser des microdispositifs par photolithographie sur films nanocomposites tout en conservant les activités piézoélectriques des matériaux ont été développés. La caractérisation des dispositifs à ondes acoustiques réalisés est aussi présentéeThe objective of this work is to develop flexible organic/inorganic hybrid materials for application in microsystems. This study included the preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on ferroelectric polymer matrix P(VDF-TrFE), potential materials for applications based on thin films on substrates, and different types of nanoparticles: ZnO, LiNbO3 (piezoelectric) and Al2O3 (non-piezoelectric). The protocols of the ultrasonic dispersion of nanoparticles in solvents and polymeric solutions are optimized, allowing dispersing quite homogeneously clusters of nanocrystals in the matrix copolymer. Films of controlled thickness between 0.1 µm and 100 µm were fabricated by spin-coating and doctor blade coating with surface quality suitable for micro-technologies. Morphology and crystallinity of P(VDF-TrFE) are preserved in the presence of up to 10 wt.% of nanoparticles. Thus nanocomposites keep high piezoelectric properties and show an increased up to 30% of the mechanical properties for 10 wt.% ZnO or Al2O3. In addition, the increase in elastic constant with decreasing cluster size of nanoparticles was observed. Nanocomposite films on substrates or free-standing filled up to 10 wt.% were successfully polarized by corona without contact. Specific procedures for preparing microdevices by photolithography on nanocomposite polymer films, while keeping piezoelectric activities of materials, have been developed. The characterization of realized acoustic wave devices is also presented
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Glasser, Alizée. "Polymer Electronic Inks : Synthesis, Formulation and Processing". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0381.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans ce travail, deux encres fonctionnelles pour l’électronique imprimée ont été étudiées. La première est composée d’un polymère semi-conducteur, le poly(3,4-éthylène dioxythiophène) (PEDOT), qui forme un complexe avec un polyanion isolant, le poly(4-styrène trifluorométhyl (bissulfonylimide)) (PSTFSI). Celui-ci stabilise le PEDOT dans l’eau. La deuxième encre contient un polymère piézoélectrique, le poly(fluorure de vinylidène-co-trifluoroéthylène) (P(VDFTrFE)), dans des solvants organiques. Les propriétés rhéologiques, capillaires et de mouillage de ces encres doivent être ajustées par formulation pour les rendre imprimables par divers procédés d’impression. Les encres PEDOT ont été formulées pour l’impression jet d’encre, la sérigraphie, le dépôt avec une racle rigide (doctor blade) ou le dépôt de lignes avec une lame souple. Il a été montré qu’aucun additif n’est nécessaire pour modifier les propriétés rhéologiques de ces encres : un simple ajustement de la concentration en polymère leur permet de passer d’un comportement Newtonien à rhéofluidifiant avec des propriétés de gel. En revanche, divers additifs ont été ajoutés pour améliorer les propriétés de mouillage, d’élasticité des encres, et de conductivité des films une fois ceux-ci séchés. Les encres P(VDFTrFE) ont été formulées pour la sérigraphie. Leur comportement newtonien a été rendu rhéofluidifiant en utilisant soit un agent gélifiant, qui modifie l’agencement du polymère en solution, soit un mélange d’un bon et d’un mauvais solvant du polymère, qui résulte en une microémulsion. Une fois les propriétés des films séchés étudiées, les deux types d’encres ont été employées pour créer des capteurs de pression fonctionnelsIn this work, two organic functional inks for printed electronic were studied. The first is composed of a semi-conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT), in complex with an insulating polyanion, poly(4-styrene trifluoromethyl (bissulfonylimide)) (PSTFSI), which stabilizes PEDOT in water. The second ink contains the piezoelectric polymer poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDFTrFE)) in organic solvents. To be processable using a wide range of deposition processes, the rheological behaviors, wettability and capillary properties of these inks have to be adjusted. For that purpose, both types of inks were formulated. PEDOT inks were formulated for inkjet printing, screen-printing, doctor blading, and for a deposition of lines using a soft blade. No additive is necessary to modify the rheological properties of these inks: by simply tuning the concentration in polymer, their behavior go from Newtonian to shearthinning with gel properties. Further formulations to improve the wettability, the elasticity of the inks, and the conductivity of dried films were performed. P(VDFTrFE) inks were formulated for screen-printing using a gelifying agent, which modify the organization of the polymer in solution, or a mixture of a good and a poor solvent, which gives rise to a micro-emulsion. The Newtonian inks thereby become shear-thinning. Once the properties of the dried films were studied, both types of polymeric inks were used to create functional pressure sensors
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Thevenot, Camille. "Élaboration de membranes polymères piézoélectriques souples en vue d’applications biomédicales". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0197/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Le travail présenté ici porte sur la réalisation d’un matériau polymère piézoélectrique destiné à être l’élément sensible d’un capteur de déformation de tissus biologiques. Cela comprend notamment l’étude de l’assouplissement du copolymère P(VDF-TrFE) nécessaire pour se rapprocher des propriétés mécaniques d’une artère, sans dégrader son coefficient piézoélectrique. Des films de P(VDF-TrFE) plastifiés avec du phtalate de diéthyle (DEP) ont été réalisés selon différents protocoles incluant enduction ou spin-coating et polarisation sous haute tension pour activer les propriétés ferroélectriques. Selon les conditions d’élaboration, deux structures distinctes de films ont été obtenues avec des propriétés physiques propres à chacune. Dans le premier type de film, l’étude de la morphologie et des courbes d’hystérésis polarisation-champ électrique a permis de mettre en évidence une nouvelle structuration du matériau, avec la démixtion du plastifiant dans la matrice. Le champ coercitif est dans ce cas fortement abaissé ce qui permet une réduction de la haute tension de polarisation nécessaire allant jusqu’à 40%, même lorsque que le film ne contient plus que 50wt% de P(VDF-TrFE). Le second type de film, obtenu après recuit à plus basse température, présente au contraire une structure quasi homogène et des propriétés proches d’une loi de mélange. Le champ coercitif reste comparable à celui du P(VDF-TrFE) pur mais la flexibilité du matériau est fortement accrue. L’étude des propriétés mécaniques a montré que le plastifiant peut réduire le module de Young du copolymère à 40MPa avec 30wt% de DEP dans le film. De surcroit la polarisation rémanente et le coefficient piézoélectrique sont également renforcés. Des tests in vitro et in vivo, réalisés sur des artères, de capteurs basés sur ces derniers films ont démontré le haut potentiel du matériau à détecter des déformations de tissus mous et à fonctionner aux fréquences biologiques humainesThe work presented here focuses on the preparation of a piezoelectric polymer material aimed to be the sensitive element of a strain sensor of biological tissues. This includes the study of the softening of the copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) necessary to be close of the mechanical properties of an artery, without reducing the piezoelectric coefficient. Plasticized P(VDF-TrFE) films with diethyl phthalate (DEP) were made according to different protocols including doctor blade technique or spin-coating and polarization under high voltage to activate the ferroelectric properties. Depending on the preparation conditions, two distinct structures were obtained with physical properties specific to each of them. For the first type of film, the study of the morphology and the hysteresis loops polarization-electric field showed a new structure of the material, with a demixing of the plasticizer in the matrix. In this case, the coercive field is strongly reduced which allows a decrease of the required high polarization voltage up to 40%, even if the film only contains 50wt% of P(VDF-TrFE). The second type of film, obtained after an annealing at lower temperature, has an almost homogeneous structure and properties close to a mixing law. The coercive field remains comparable to that of the pure P(VDF-TrFE) but the flexibility of the material is greatly increased. The study of the mechanical properties showed that the plasticizer can reduce the Young modulus to 40MPa for 30wt% of DEP in the film. In addition, the remanent polarization and the piezoelectric coefficient are also reinforced. In vitro and in vivo experiments, performed on arteries, of sensors based on these films demonstrated the high potential of the material to detect the strain of soft tissues and to function at biologic human frequencies
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Liao, Tzu-Kang, e 廖孜康. "Structural-resolved Study of Photon-sensitive Piezoelectric Properties of P(VDF-TrFE) Films". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6z87jj.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立中央大學
化學工程與材料工程學系
102
Semi-crystalline polymer, Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) coupled with TiOPc powder, which has excellent sensitivity to visible light, is expected to bridge photo sensor and piezoelectric actuators. This composite material does not only retains good piezoelectric efficiency and possesses high sensitivity to visible light. The beta-phase P(VDF-TrFE) exhibits a good piezoelectric property. Our sample is composed of P(VDF-TrFE) and with and without TiOPc, respectively. When the samples were heated continuously, applied electrical voltage, light illumination, we used in-situ XRD to measure the microstructure evolution. In this study, we investigated the phase transition induced by heating up to 90℃. We observed the changes of lattices distance subjected to temperature, electric field and light illumination. We also measured the bulk (piezoelectric properties) d33. We found a linear correlation between the macroscopic d33 and microscopic lattice strain. Our equation can well describe the d33 variation and lattice evolution subjected to various temperature and voltages.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric polymer":
1
Chow, Khoon-Keat, T. K. Woo, Swee Leong Kok, Kok-Tee Lau e Ali Mohammed Abdal Kadhim. "Piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) Thick Film Based Micro-power Generator Using Flexible Substrate for Wearable Applications". In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 109–16. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0002-2_12.
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Verma, Rolly, e Sanjeeb Kumar Rout. "The Mystery of Dimensional Effects in Ferroelectricity". In Multifunctional Multiferroic Materials [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104435.
Abstract (sommario):
The dimensional effect on ferroelectricity is a subject of long-understanding fundamental interest. While the low-dimensional finite ferroelectric structures are committed to the potential increase in electronics miniaturization, these anticipated benefits hinged on the existence of stable ferroelectric states in low-dimensional structures. This phenomenon can be understood from the point of basic physics. This chapter reviews the literature on the finite-size effects in ferroelectrics, emphasizing perovskite and polyvinylidene-based polymer ferroelectrics having technological importance. The reviewed data revealed that despite critical dimensionality being predicted in ferroelectrics, polarization switching phenomenon is possible in as thin as one monolayer film, at least in the case of P(VDF-TrFE) Langmuir–Blodgett thin film with stabilized functional properties. The roles of the depolarization field, electrode interfaces, domain wall motion, etc. in controlling the measured ferroelectric properties have been discussed. Further, the observed deviation from the bulk properties is explained based on both experimental and theoretical modeling.
Atti di convegni sul tema "P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric polymer":
1
Aguilera, William M., Mary I. Frecker e Randy Haluck. "Modeling of an Electroactive Steerable End-Effector for Minimally Invasive Surgery". In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21056.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract A model has been developed to design a new active, steerable end-effector for minimally invasive surgery. Active material is incorporated into the surgical instrument to increase the degrees of freedom available to the surgeon. This paper focuses on the modeling of the end-effector using both piezoelectric ceramic and electroactive polymer (EAP) materials. The end-effector design consists of a number of bimorph actuator sections in series with each active layer being individually controlled. Each section may behave as either a bimorph or a unimorph actuator, where in the case of unimorph one of the active layers is passive. By varying the strength and direction of the electric field across each section, a prescribed overall shape can be achieved to allow the user to steer the device. The piezoceramic device is modeled using strain energy methods to predict the quasi-static force-deflection behavior. In the EAP model, experimental data for the electrostrictive P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer is used to model the non-linear relationship between the electric field and the induced strain. Due to the large deflections achievable with the EAP, a model for large deflections beams is also used. Modeling is carried out using MATLAB and then the behavior of piezoelectric ceramic is compared to that of electro-active polymer (EAP).
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Nguyen, Van Son, Rachid Hadji, Brice Vincent, Didier Rouxel, Frederic Sarry e Francois Bauer. "P(VDF-TrFE)/Al2O3 piezoelectric nanocomposite thin films". In European Conference on the Applications of Polar Dielectrics (ECAPD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isaf.2010.5712248.
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Fukagawa, M., M. Morimoto, Y. Koshiba e K. Ishida. "Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties of P (VDF-TrFE) Gels". In 2016 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2016.ps-10-15-17.
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Li, Jiang Y., e Nagadip Rao. "The effective electrostriction of P(VDF-TrFE)-polymer-based composites". In Smart Structures and Materials, a cura di Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.484372.
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Fukagawa, M., Y. Koshiba, M. Morimoto, T. Fukushima e K. Ishida. "Structural and Piezoelectric Characterization of P (VDF-TrFE)/Ionic Liquid Gels". In 2017 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2017.ps-10-08.
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Gallucci, Giulio, Victor Jaarsma e Andres Hunt. "Design and manufacturing of high-strain P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) actuators". In Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) XXVI, a cura di John D. Madden, Anne L. Skov e Stefan S. Seelecke. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3010459.
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Gusarova, E., B. Viala, A. Plihon, B. Gusarov, L. Gimeno e O. Cugat. "Flexible screen-printed piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer microgenerators for energy harvesting". In TRANSDUCERS 2015 - 2015 18th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2015.7181322.
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Chao, Chen, Tin-Yan Lam, Kin-Wing Kwok e Helen L. W. Chan. "Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers Based on P(VDF-TrFE) Copolymer Thin Films". In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on the Applications of Ferroelectrics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isaf.2006.4349289.
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Chao, Chen, Tin-Yan Lam, Kin-Wing Kwok e Helen L. W. Chan. "Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers Based on P(VDF-TrFE) Copolymer Thin Films". In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on the Applications of Ferroelectrics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isaf.2006.4387848.
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Kim, Soaram, Itmenon Towfeeq, Ferhat Bayram, Digangana Khan e Goutam Koley. "Highly flexible P(VDF-TrFE) film-based piezoelectric self-powered energy harvester". In 2016 IEEE SENSORS. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2016.7808558.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric polymer":
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Armas, J. A. Morphological and Electrical Properties of P(VDF-TrFE) Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Modified with High Aspect Ratio Fillers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1476201.