Tesi sul tema "Oxydation de Fenton"
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Laugel, Caroline. "Oxydation catalytique de la biomasse : oxydation photo-fenton de l’amidon et oxydation de l’hydroxymethylfurfural". Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS048.
Testo completoSolutions of carboxylic acids, containing mainly formic acid, are produced under photo-Fenton conditions. Visible irradiation with a 60 W spot is sufficient to provide reproducible results under mild conditions. The oxidation products of potato starch and wheat starch have shown Ca sequestering properties similar to those of gluconic and glucuronic acids.Using halide salts and DMSO, an innovating method has been elaborated for the selective oxidation of HMF to DFF with quantitative yields. The one-pot transformation of fructose to DFF occurs with fair yields. Based on the mechanistic study, Br-HMF would be the reaction intermediate
Velichkova, Filipa Aleksandrova. "Vers un procédé Fenton hétérogène pour le traitement en continu d’eau polluée par des polluants pharmaceutiques". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11950/1/velichkova.pdf.
Testo completoAyoub, Kaïdar. "Application des Procédés d’Oxydation Avancée : Fenton et électro-Fenton à la dégradation des explosifs en milieu aqueux". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066146.
Testo completoDjeffal, Lemya. "Développement de matériaux à base d'argiles pour l'oxydation catalytique de polluants organiques par des réactions de type Fenton". Thesis, Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0354.
Testo completoIn this study, we are interested to the synthesis and charaterization of materials based on natural clays from Algeria and Tunisia, usable as catalysts in the oxidation of organic pollutants by the Fenton's and photo-Fenton's reaction. We have also optimized the reaction parameters (amount of catalyst, concentration of pollutant...) in order to improve the catalytic performance of these catalysts. Indeed, the oxidation of recalcitrant organic pollutants by Fenton-type reactions is regarded as one of the most effective method amongst the advanced oxidation process (AOPs). It can lead in some cases to the total mineralization of pollutants (conversion into CO₂ and H₂O). The caracterization of the raw clays various physicochemical methods shows that, in addiction to clay minerals, there are some metallic oxides in all studied clays, with varied proportions. Especially, smectite showed a fairly significant iron capacity. The synthesized clays show a good catalytic performance in minimum of time (2 hours of reaction). The smectite catalyst, sieved and calcined at 450°C gives the best performance. This activity can be explained by the high content of iron as well as the combination of the choice of particle size and the calcination temperature of the smectite. The caracterization of this catalyst, showed that this mesoporous material contains an amount of iron (III) stabilized in the structure by the fact of calcination
Xue, Xiaofei. "Oxydation par la réaction de Fenton modifiée des polluants organiques en présence des oxydes de fer (II, III)". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10041/document.
Testo completoFirstly, PCP was chosen as a model pollutant, to investigate the oxidation of PCP on the surface of magnetite used as heterogeneous catalyst. Oxidation experiments were carried out under various experimental conditions at neutral pH and correlated with the adsorption behavior. The surface reactivity of magnetite was evaluated by conducting the kinetic study of both H2O2 decomposition and PCP oxidation experiments. The occurrence of the optimum values of H2O2 and magnetite concentrations for the effective degradation of PCP could be explained by the scavenging reactions with H2O2 or iron oxide surface. All batch experiments indicate that Fenton-like oxidation of PCP was controlled by surface mechanism reaction and the species compete with each other for adsorption on a fixed number of surface active sites. The apparent degradation rate was dominated by the rate of intrinsic chemical reactions on the oxide surface rather than the rate of mass transfer. Raman analysis suggested that the sorbed PCP was removed from magnetite surface at the first stage of oxidation reaction. All X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Mössbauer spectroscopy and chemical analyses showed that the magnetite catalyst exhibited low iron leaching, good structural stability and no loss of performance in second reaction cycle. Secondly, Rhodamine B (RhB) was chosen as a model compound pollutant. Two types of iron (II, III) oxides were used as heterogeneous catalysts and characterized by XRD, Mössbauer spectroscopy, BET surface area, particle size and chemical analyses. The catalytic efficiency of iron (II, III) oxide to promote Fenton-like reaction was examined at neutral pH. The adsorption to the catalyst changed significantly with the pH value and the sorption isotherm was fitted using the Langmuir model for both solids. Both sorption and FTIR results indicated that surface complexation reaction may take place in the system. The variation of oxidation efficiency against H2O2 dosage and amount of exposed surface area per unit volume was evaluated and correlated with the adsorption behavior in the absence of oxidant. There is also an optimum amount of H2O2 value for the degradation of RhB. The phenomena could also be explained by the scavenging effect of hydroxyl radical by H2O2 or by iron oxide surface (like the oxidation of PCP). Sorption and decolourization rate of RhB as well as H2O2 decomposition rate were found to be depended on the surface characteristics of iron oxide. The kinetic oxidation experiments showed that structural FeII content strongly affect the reactivity towards H2O2 decomposition and therefore RhB decolourization. Finally, the effect of chelating agent on the heterogeneous Fenton reaction rate of pentachlorophenol in the presence of magnetite was investigated. Six kinds of chelating agents including oxalate, EDTA, CMCD, tartarate, citrate and succinate were chosen. The PCP oxidation rate in this system was significantly improved by using chelating agents at neutral pH. The kinetic rate constant was increased by 5.7, 4, 3.2, 2.4, 2.5 and 1.7 times with oxalate, EDTA, CMCD, tartarate, citrate and succinate, respectively. The enhancement factor of heterogeneous oxidation rate was found to be not correlated with that of dissolved iron dissolution amount. In homogeneous Fenton system (dissolved Fe2+ or Fe3+), EDTA-driven reaction showed the highest oxidation rate, while oxalate seems to be more efficiency in heterogeneous Fenton system (Fe3O4). This observation could be explained by the inactivation of iron surface sites which become unavailable for the interactions with H2O2 to initiate Fenton-like reactions. These results demonstrated that the chelating agent-promoted dissolution of magnetite did not play the key role in determining the efficiency of heterogeneous Fenton oxidation
Flotron, Vanina. "La réaction de Fenton comme procédé de réhabilitation dans le traitement des eaux : application à la dégradation des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques dans les eaux et les boues résiduaires". Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001190.
Testo completoArdo, Sandy. "Dégradation oxydative d'une quinolone par la nano-magnétite via l'interaction Fe(II) / O2". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066410/document.
Testo completoMagnetite, Fe3O4, is a natural mixed iron oxide Fe(II-III), that has a wide range of applications in biomedicine as well as in water treatment. Nanosized magnetite presents high capacities to adsorb and transform a wide range of contaminants via oxidative or reductive reactions. It was shown as an active catalyst for heterogeneous Fenton reactions in the removal of organic compounds under a broad range of pH. However, the mechanisms of these reactions are not well defined.The main objective of this study was to explore the nanomagnetite capacity to catalyze heterogeneous Fenton reactions in presence of dissolved oxygen, thus avoiding the use of strong chemical oxidants. These reactions could form the basis of a new efficient and eco-friendly process for the removal of organic pollutants. Nalidixic acid (NAL), an ionizable quinolone antibiotic known for being persistent and recalcitrant to classical treatments, was used as a model contaminant.We synthesized large surface area single-cristalline nanomagnetite with high NAL sorption ability (98%) under anoxic conditions. Furthermore, a desorption protocol was developed to recover the sorbed amount of NAL in order to measure the degradation percentage.Moreover, under oxic conditions, the model contaminant was transformed, up to nearly 60% and 80 % after a 30 and 90 minutes exposure to air bubbling, respectively. Five by-products issuing from the nalidixic acid oxidative degradation were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and a degradation pathway was suggested. X-ray powder diffraction and Iron K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy were used to investigate mineralogical and iron redox changes in the solid phase over the course of the reaction. Magnetite was oxidized (up to about 40%) into maghemite, -Fe2O3, as the sole product of the oxidation, and without significant change in the size of the particles. These results, in addition to the monitoring of dissolved Fe(II), and experiences conducted in the presence of ethanol as hydroxyl radicals scavenger and at static pH, lead to a better understanding of the reaction mechanism and on the role of pH in the reaction efficiency. In conclusion, this study points out the promising potentialities of mixed valence iron oxides for the treatment of contaminated soils and wastewater by organic pollutants
Dirany, Ahmad. "Études cinétiques et mécanistique d'oxydation/minéralisation des antibiotiques sulfaméthoxazole (SMX), amoxicilline (AMX) et sulfachloropyridazine (SPC) en milieux aqueux par procédés électrochimiques d'oxydation avancée. Mesure et suivi d'évolution de la toxicité lors du traitement". Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740119.
Testo completoOzcan, Ali. "DEGRADATION DES POLLUANTS ORGANIQUES PAR LA TECHNOLOGIE ELECTRO-FENTON". Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742451.
Testo completoBaïliche, Zohra. "Synthèse de nanoparticules d'or supportées sur oxyde mésoporeux : Application à l'oxydation de composés organiques volatils modèles". Thesis, Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0350.
Testo completoWell dispersed gold nanoparticles are the key to obtain an active gold catalyst. Obtaining gold nanoparticles requires control of many parameters and understanding of the interaction mode between gold and the support. For this reason the choice of the support is very important. The first part of this thesis concerns the controlled preparation of gold catalysts supported on reducible mesoporous oxides TiO₂, CeO₂ and Fe₂O₃ synthesized via two strategies Soft and Hard template using respectively. triblock copolymer (Pluronic 123) and mesoporous silica SBA-15 as template. This study clearly shows that the gold loading depends on the initial concentration of HAuCl₄, the method of preparation (DPU DP NaOH), theoretical gold content and the nature of the support. These results are to relate to the gold speciation which is a function of pH of the solution. The gold loading is higher on CeO₂ than on TiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ whatever the theoretical gold content. Very high gold dispersion is obtained (the gold particle size is 2 nm) on 1wt% and 2wt% Au/CeO₂ prepared by DPU and calcined at 400°C. The second part of this study concerns the toluene oxidation in the gas phase on Au/mesoporous oxide catalysts and the Fenton and photo-Fenton degradation of phenolic aqueous solutions by H₂O₂ on FeSBA-15 catalysts prepared following different synthesis routes, direct synthesis by adjusting pH at 3 and 6 and with post synthesis procedure. In the toluene oxidation in the gas phase Au/mesoporous oxide catalysts are totally selective for CO₂ and H₂O. The catalytic performances depend on the synthesis conditions of catalysts and the support; the 1wt% Au/CeO₂ catalyst is very active and exhibits a long-term stability. In the Fenton and photo-Fenton degradation of phenolic aqueous solutions the catalytic performances depend on the Si/Fe ratio and the particle size of the iron species, the particle size being directly related to the synthesis strategy of the catalysts. The catalyst FeSBA-15 (Si/Fe = 60) synthesized at pH = 6 is a potential candidate in the degradation of organic pollutants by Fenton and photo-Fenton process in neutral medium
م لخصمسقني لمعلا يف هذه ةحورطألا ىلإ نيئزج:OiT 2ب وا سطة OeC 2و , Fe2O ي خ تص الاول ال ق سم ب تح ض يرمح فزات من ال ذهبن وع من م يزوب ري ة ب مواد مدعم 3ان واع مخ ت لف ال تح ض ير. ت شخ يص ف ي ال م س ت عم لة ال ت ق ن يات مخ ت لفت ب ين ال مح ضرة ل مح فزات انال دعم ط ب ي عة ك ذا و ال مح فز ت ح ض ير وطري قة HAuCl ت ر سب معدل ي ت ع لق ل ذه با ت رك يز ع لى 4ي ع ضو جزيء و سطغازي enèuloT أك سدة ف ي ال مواد هذه ب تط ب يق ي ت ع لق ال ثان ي ال ق سم ف يال مح فز ت ح ض ير Ò طرق ك ذا و ل ت فاعل هذا ع لى ال مؤث رة ل عوامل ب درا سة ق م نا سال فا ال مذك ورة ل لمح فزات ال ف عال ية ع لان واع مخ ت لف ب وا سطة FeSBA- ي ع ضو جزيء lonehP ت فاعل ب وا سطة notneF سائ ل و سط ف ي وعمن 51 ن مح فزات ع لىوHp ال و سط Si/Fe قلعتي ةبسنب FeSBA- ريضحتلا.ادأء 1515FeSBA-15, Fenton, Phenol, Toluène, TiO و 2 CeO2, Fe2O3, SBA- ال ك لمات ال م ف تاح ية ׃م يزوب وري ة
Görkem, Balci Beytül. "Procédé électro-Fenton : développement et application à la dégradation d'herbicides atrazine, glyphosate et sulcotrione, et à la dépollution d'un effluent agricole". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0390.
Testo completoThis study concerns the application of an electrochemical advanced oxidation process, namely the "electro-Fenton process", to treatment of waste water containing the persistent organic pollutants such as herbicides. A very strong oxidant, the hydroxyl radical, is generated in situ in electrocatalytic way. This radical is able to oxidize any organic molecule until the ultimate oxidation stage, i. E. Mineralization (transformation into CO2 and H2O). Degradation/mineralization of three herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate and sulcotrione) was the subject of this work. Atrazine was very largely used herbicide in the past and prohibited recently in France because of its negative impact on the environment. During the two last decades atrazine and glyphosate constituted the chronic pollutants of surface and underground waters. Atrazine and its metabolites will be present in water still during several years. The glyphosate which was presented initially as a biodegradable molecule appeared very toxic and persistent through its principal metabolite the AMPA. Atrazine and glyphosate are well-known as problematic herbicides for their treatment. Atrazine is one of the rare molecules which resist to mineralization by the advanced oxidation processes. As for the glyphosate, there is very few on its degradation because of analytical difficulties. After having optimized the operational parameters of the electro-Fenton process (nature and concentration of the catalyst, the use of a boron doped diamond (BDD) instead of Pt, etc. ) in order to increase its efficiency, we applied it to treatment of the aqueous solutions of selected herbicides. Initially, we identified and carried out the quantitative follow-up of the aromatic and aliphatic reaction intermediates formed during current controlled electrolysis. The release of the mineral ions was measured by ion chromatography and their evolution during electrolysis was followed. The mineralization efficiency of treated solutions was determined in term of total organic carbon (TOC) measurements. In the case of the atrazine, a mineralization ratio of 81% was obtained. Such mineralization efficiency was never reported by an advanced oxidation process. The degradation kinetics study of the herbicides under examination permitted to determine the apparent rate constants (kapp) of the reactions between herbicides and hydroxyl radical. The absolute rate constants (kabs) of degradation reactions of studied herbicides were determined by employing the competition kinetics method using a standard molecule for which kabs is known. The values of (2,58 ± 0,4) x 10 [exposant] 9 M-1s-1, (2,9 ± 0,4) x 10 [exposant] 9 M-1s-1 et (3,64± 0,4) x 10 [exposant] 9 M-1s-1 were found respectively for the atrazine, the sulcotrione and the glyphosate. The electro-Fenton process was also applied to treatment of a real effluent, a cocktail of wine pesticides for wine growing, provided by the Agricultural college of Libourne. A quasi-total mineralization was obtained without catalyst addition and oxygen
Delsarte, Isabelle. "Dégradation des dioxines ou du benz[a]pyrène par une approche tripartite : oxydation chimique / oxydation biologique par des champignons telluriques saprotrophes / amidon difonctionnalisé aux propriétés surfactantes". Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0447/document.
Testo completoThis thesis work deals with the development of bioremediation techniques for contaminated soils by Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) such as : Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and dioxins (PCDD/F). The degradation of POPs has two main obstacles to efficient biological treatments by fungi : the low bioavailability of POPs and the difficulty of initiating the oxydation of molecules as stable as others. To overcome these technological barriers, we propose to couple a mild chemical oxidation to biological oxidation by saprotrophic telluric fungi and to use starch to improve the spatial proximity between the pollutant and oxidizing reagents. The first part of this study is to functionalize native potato starch by 1,4-butane sultone and 2-octenyl-1-succinic anhydride according to different synthesis conditions. In comparison with native starch, one of the processed products, P9*, has very interesting surfactant properties for our study. Indeed, P9* increases starch apparent aqueous solubility by a factor of 65 (22.60 g.L⁻¹) and stimulates 33-fold benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) aqueous solubilization. For the second part, the use of a simplified study system where the fungus is cultivated in mineral medium under axenic conditions allowed us to determine the best parameters (fungal strainsn type and dose of chemical oxydant) for the development of a POPs degradation method in the laboratory. Comparative studies of BaP degradation are therefore carried out in vitro by different processes of chemical (Fenton's reagent) and/or biologial oxidation. The coupling of the two processes leads to a BaP degradation of 40.0%. Moreover, the BaP encapsulation by starch nanospheres P9* allows a pollutant degradation of 94.6% by the Fenton reagent. Two fungal strains (Penicillium brasilianum and Funsarium solani) are then used for the degradation lab experiment in historically PCDD/F contaminated soil microcosms. the inoculation of the endogene strain P.brasilianum in presence of cardboard chips as a bulking agent led to a decrease in PCDD/F toxicity of 40.5% after only two months of incubation compared to the controm soil. This PhD work draws new perspectives for remediation techniques of contaminated soils by POPs that are cost-effective and environmentally friendly
EDELAHI, Mohamed Chakib. "Contribution à l'étude de dégradation in situ des pesticides par procédés d'oxydation avancés faisant intervenir le fer. Application aux herbicides phénylurées". Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008352.
Testo completoDans le cas des molécules étudiées (diuron, monuron et fénuron), il a été montré que le taux de minéralisation par le procédé Fenton (Fe2+/H2O2) augmente avec l'augmentation des doses des réactifs et du temps de réaction. Dans le cas de la dégradation photochimique (irradiation UV), la vitesse de dégradation et le taux de minéralisation sont très faibles. La vitesse de dégradation des molécules mères et le taux de minéralisation des solutions d'herbicides étudiés peuvent être significativement augmentés par le couplage de la photochimie le réactif de Fenton (Fe2+/ H2O2). Ce couplage permet aussi de diminuer la durée d'irradiation et faire économiser d'énergie. Dans le cas du procédé Electro-Fenton, la cinétique de dégradation et de minéralisation dépend des paramètres expérimentaux tels que la concentration du catalyseur, l'intensité du courant appliqué, le pH du milieu, etc.
La réactivité des chlorophénylurées vis-à-vis des radicaux hydroxyles varie en fonction du nombre d'atomes de chlore substitués sur le cycle aromatique. La vitesse de réaction de dégradation croît dans l'ordre suivant : diuron (2 Cl substitués), monuron (1 Cl substitué) et fénuron (sans Cl substitué. L'étude de la minéralisation de ces herbicides a montré que les taux d'abattement de carbone organique en terme de DCO dépassent les 90% pour une durée de traitement de 3 heures dans le cas du procédé Electro-Fenton. Le mécanisme de minéralisation des herbicides chlorophénylurées est initié par l'attaque des radicaux hydroxyles de la molécule de départ sur deux sites : le groupement N-terminal et le cycle aromatique générant des sous-produits. Plusieurs sous-produits de dégradation aromatiques qui sont principalement issus d'une oxydation du groupement N-terminal suivie d'une hydroxylation du cycle aromatique et de substitution d'atomes de chlore sur le cycle aromatique ont été identifiés. Des oxydations successives mènent à l'ouverture oxydante du cycle aromatique avec la formation des acides carboxyliques et ions minéraux.
Une comparaison des performances de minéralisation par les différents procédés étudiés a montré que les procédés photo-Fenton et Electro-Fenton permettent d'atteindre des taux de minéralisation très important (de l'ordre de 93%). Le procédé Electro-Fenton semble être favorisé avec non utilisation de réactifs chimiques et une faible consommation d'énergie électrique.
Özcan, Ali. "Degradation of hazardous organic compounds by using electro-fenton technology". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601213.
Testo completoKamagate, Mahamadou. "Adsorption et oxydation des antibiotiques quinolones et fluoroquinolones sur oxydes métalliques naturels et synthétiques". Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENCR0045.
Testo completoThis work was part of a valorization study, on the one hand, pure oxides (manganese oxide and goethite) synthesized in the laboratory containing in the laterite and, on the other hand, natural laterite collected from an african country (Ivory Coast) upon the elimination of pharmaceutical compounds (antibiotics) in water. The main objective of this thesis was to study the adsorption and oxidation mechanisms with respect to (fluoro) quinolone antibiotics in the case of (i) synthetic metal oxides (manganese oxide and goethite) and (ii) laterite, which is a natural soil from Ivory Coast. To do this, adsorption and transformation studies of these contaminants have been carried out on some oxides included in laterite, such as manganese oxide and goethite because of their reactivity to pollutants and their stability. ATR-FTIR and mechanistic modeling (PHREEQC) have highlighted the interaction mechanisms between the Oxide/contaminated solution interface, and thus provide information needed to understand the fate of flumequine in the environment. For the advanced oxidation process, the pre-equilibrium between norfloxacin (NOR) and MnO2 allowed complete mineralization (100%) of norfloxacin in the UVA/Persulfate/MnO2 system. Heterogeneous photo-Fenton process using laterite as catalyst has showed a better elimination of emerging contaminants and a good structural stability of the catalyst during several treatment cycles. The Langmuir and Langmuir-Hinshelwood models have also shown that the apparent velocity of the heterogeneous reaction is dominated by the rate of intrinsic surface chemical reactions, including sorption and Fe (III) reduction induced by the light, which are essentials for improving the oxidation reaction. A good elimination was observed for ciprofloxacin in synthetic wastewater with a new oxidant (Persulfate). On the other hand, the removal of the others contaminants was slightly affected by synthetic wastewater components. Despite the change of oxidant, the laterite remains stable after several cycles of oxidation
Feng, Ling. "Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of residual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems". Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1109/document.
Testo completoThe thesis mainly focused on the implementation of advanced oxidation processes for the elimination of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-ketoprofen, naproxen and piroxicam in waters. The three compounds are among the most used medicines, whose presence in waters poses a potential ecotoxicological risk. Due to the low pharmaceuticals removal efficiency of traditional wastwater treatement plants, worldwide concerns and calls are raised for efficient and eco-friendly technologies. Advanced oxidation processes, such as ozonation-biofiltration, electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes, which attracted a growing interest over the last two decades, could achieve almost complete destruction of the pollutants studied. Firstly, removal of selected pharmaceuticals from tap water was investigated by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes “electro-Fenton” and “anodic oxidation” with Pt or boron-doped diamond anode and carbon felt cathode at lab-scale. Removal rates and minieralization current efficencies under different operatioanl conditions were analysed. Meanwhile, intermediates produced during the mineralization were also identified, which helps to propose plausible oxidation pathway of each compound in presence of •OH. Finally, the evolution of the global toxicity of treated solutions was monitored using Microtox method, based on the fluorescence inhibition of Vibrio fischeri bacteria. In the second part, the three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory molecules added in organics-free or surface water were treated under varying ozone treatment regimes with the quite well established technology ozone/biofiltration. A bench-scale biological film was employed to determine the biodegradability of chemical intermediates formed in ozonized surface water. Identification of intermediates formed during the processes and bacterial toxicity monitoring were conducted to assess the pharmaceuticals degradation pathway and potential biological effects, respectively
Tarkwa, Jean-Baptiste. "Elimination des polluants organiques des effluents industriels aqueux par plasma non-thermique de type glidarc et le procédé photo-Fenton : optimisation des procédés et mécanisme d’oxydation des polluants". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2020/document.
Testo completoThis work focused on the application of two photochemical advanced oxidation processes (humid air gliding arc plasma and photo-Fenton) for the treatment of aqueous solutions of 4-Chlorophenol and the azo dye (Orange G). UV-vis spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography were used to follow pollutants degradation while the degree of mineralisation of their aqueous solution was estimated using TOC-meter (SHIMADZU). Ionic chromatography was performed to measure the concentration of inorganic ions released to the solution. The solid catalyst (laterite) was characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption BET method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared and RAMAN spectroscopies. The oxidation of 4-chlorophenol and Orange G by photo-Fenton process was devoted to the optimization of degradation and mineralization operating conditions. Thus, complete (100%) degradation of 0.2 mM 4-chlorophenol is reached at only 4 min of treatment under the established optimum conditions (pH =3, 0.1 mM Fe3+ and 6 mM H2O2) corresponding to the R = [H2O2]/ [Fe3+] of 60. In contrast, R = 20 with (0.1 mM Fe3+), is the optimum ratio allowing 81 % of mineralization, after 180 min of treatment. During Orange G degradation by Photo-Fenton process, the optimization was focused on the use apparent rate constants of degradation. Thus, it was established a ratio R = [H2O2] / [Fe3+] = 13.8; either 6 mM H2O2 and 0.435 mM Fe3+. Under these conditions, a complete degradation (100%) of the Orange G was obtained at 5 min and 93% TOC removal at 180 min of treatment. From the identified organic intermediates (aromatic and carboxylic acids) and leached inorganic ions products, we proposed a plausible mechanism for oxidation of each pollutant by hydroxyl radicals. The degradation of Orange G by gliding arc plasma aimed to improve the performance of glidarc by optimizing the operating conditions in order to reduce energy cost. Therefore, two catalysts (Fe3+ and laterite) were comparatively tested during the treatment of 0.1 mM Orange G aqueous solution. Under optimal conditions, degradation (decays and mineralization) of (17 and 6); (74 and 25); (100 and 57) and (100 and 82%) were recorded respectively using glidarc alone; glidarc/Fe3+(0.2 mM); glidarc/Fe3+(0.2 mM)/H2O2(4 mM) and glidarc/laterite (3 g L-1) systems after 60 min of treatment. Finally, the comparative analysis of the overall cost of each process under optimal operating conditions and for a required time of at least 90% of mineralization of 0.1 mM Orange G aqueous solution, gave the following cost classification : plasma/laterite
Ardo, Sandy. "Dégradation oxydative d'une quinolone par la nano-magnétite via l'interaction Fe(II) / O2". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066410.pdf.
Testo completoMagnetite, Fe3O4, is a natural mixed iron oxide Fe(II-III), that has a wide range of applications in biomedicine as well as in water treatment. Nanosized magnetite presents high capacities to adsorb and transform a wide range of contaminants via oxidative or reductive reactions. It was shown as an active catalyst for heterogeneous Fenton reactions in the removal of organic compounds under a broad range of pH. However, the mechanisms of these reactions are not well defined.The main objective of this study was to explore the nanomagnetite capacity to catalyze heterogeneous Fenton reactions in presence of dissolved oxygen, thus avoiding the use of strong chemical oxidants. These reactions could form the basis of a new efficient and eco-friendly process for the removal of organic pollutants. Nalidixic acid (NAL), an ionizable quinolone antibiotic known for being persistent and recalcitrant to classical treatments, was used as a model contaminant.We synthesized large surface area single-cristalline nanomagnetite with high NAL sorption ability (98%) under anoxic conditions. Furthermore, a desorption protocol was developed to recover the sorbed amount of NAL in order to measure the degradation percentage.Moreover, under oxic conditions, the model contaminant was transformed, up to nearly 60% and 80 % after a 30 and 90 minutes exposure to air bubbling, respectively. Five by-products issuing from the nalidixic acid oxidative degradation were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and a degradation pathway was suggested. X-ray powder diffraction and Iron K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy were used to investigate mineralogical and iron redox changes in the solid phase over the course of the reaction. Magnetite was oxidized (up to about 40%) into maghemite, -Fe2O3, as the sole product of the oxidation, and without significant change in the size of the particles. These results, in addition to the monitoring of dissolved Fe(II), and experiences conducted in the presence of ethanol as hydroxyl radicals scavenger and at static pH, lead to a better understanding of the reaction mechanism and on the role of pH in the reaction efficiency. In conclusion, this study points out the promising potentialities of mixed valence iron oxides for the treatment of contaminated soils and wastewater by organic pollutants
Guivarch, Elodie. "Traitement des polluants organiques en milieux aqueux par procédé électrochimique d'oxydation avancée "Electro-Fenton" : application à la minéralisation des colorants synthétiques". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MARN0201.
Testo completoThis reports deals with a new electrochemical advanced oxidation process development and applicability, called "Electro-Fenton process", for waters contaminated by synthetic colorant treatment. In this study, we highlight that degradation kinetic and mineralization rate could be significantly increased by experimental parameters variation (pH, kind and catalyst concentration, imposed current value, temperature…. ). We have also determined in this work that hydroxyl radical oxidation kinetic constant rate to organic dyes was about 109 M-1s-1. Oxidation by-products identification permitted to establish plausible reactional mechanism for azobenzene and malachite green mineralization. For all compounds studied, COD analyses demonstrated mineralization exceed 90% for Electro-Fenton process
Dirany, Ahmad. "Études cinétique et mécanistique d'oxydation/minéralisation des antibiotiques sulfaméthoxazole (SMX), amoxicilline (AMX) et sulfachloropyridazine (SPC) en milieux aqueux par procédés électrochimiques d'oxydation avancée : mesure et suivi d'évolution de la toxicité lors du traitement". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582963.
Testo completoHammami, Samiha. "Étude de dégradation des colorants de textile par les procédés d'oxydation avancée : application à la dépollution des rejets industriels". Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740155.
Testo completoHou, Liwei. "Metal oxide synthesis and its application in the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation processes, using H2O2 or peroxydisulfate as oxidant". Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2271/document.
Testo completoFenton reaction (Fenton reagent: (Fe2+/H2O2)) and persulfate oxidation process, as advanced oxidation processes, are powerful oxidations used world around. Fenton reaction has been evidenced to be a promising and attractive treatment method for the degradation of a wide variety of hazardous organic pollutants, which are difficult to be treated using traditional soft treatment technologies. During Fenton process, free hydroxyl radicals (HO•), strong oxidant molecules capable of reacting with practically all types of organic and inorganic compounds, are generated. In the meanwhile, due to the similar structure between H2O2 and peroxydisulfate ions, peroxydisulfate ions can be decomposed to sulfate radicals (SO4-•), another kind of highly active oxidant that can react with organic compounds. However, the classical Fenton or peroxydisulfate activation processes present some disadvantages. Indeed, the solution needed acidification before carrying out the reaction and complex separation processes have to be applied after reaction. To overcome these drawbacks, heterogeneous catalytic oxidation processes were introduced for wastewater treatment. In this line, magnetite was evidenced as potential substituent to soluble iron ions, and it offers significant advantages such as an easy separation after reaction since the active material can be easily recovered by sedimentation or filtration for further used. In this PhD work, iron oxides, hematite and magnetite, were synthesized using an ionic liquid mediated process. The morphology, structural properties, FeII/FeIII surface ratios, specific surface areas (SSA), mean particle diameters, site densities, etc. were evaluated. Two different model pollutants (tetracycline (TC) and phenol), which are widely used chemicals all over the world, were selected to evaluate the performance of the prepared active materials. A significant part of the PhD study was then on the study of heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction for phenol and TC degradation. Experiments showed that the main factors affecting the heterogeneous Fenton-like system are related to the heterogeneous active phase properties, due to the surface reaction nature occurring over iron oxide surface. However, stability of this active phase, with progressive dissolution under reaction, is also a real challenge. This PhD manuscript, focusing on the design of highly active materials for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), is constituted of five experiment result parts
Monteil, Hélène. "Development and implementation of the Bio-electro-Fenton process : application to the removal of pharmaceuticals from water A review on efficiency and cost effectiveness of electro- and bio-electro-Fenton processes: application to the treatment of pharmaceutical pollutants in water. Efficient removal of diuretic hydrochlorothiazide from water by electro-Fenton process using BDD anode: a kinetic and degradation pathway study Electro-Fenton treatment of the widely used analgesic tramadol using BDD anode: a kinetic, energetic and degradation pathway study Efficiency of a new pilot scale continuous reactor for wastewater treatment by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes: influence of operating conditions and focus on hydrodynamics Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes combined with a biological treatment for wastewater treatment: a deep understanding on the influence of operating conditions and global efficiency". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2045.
Testo completoElectrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) constitute an efficient technology to treat the pharmaceuticals as they allow the formation of strong oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals able to remove nearly any type of organic contaminants thanks to their very high oxidation power. Among them the electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes are environmentally friendly methods as they use no chemical reagent (anodic oxidation) or only oxygen of air and iron ions as a catalyst (electro-Fenton).In this thesis, four pharmaceuticals from different families and structures were selected based on their toxicity and their occurrence in environmental waters and their removal from water was performed by EAOPs. The objectives of this work were to determine the best operating conditions at lab scale (current and catalyst concentration), investigate the kinetic of degradation and mineralization and finally propose a mineralization pathway based on aromatic intermediates, carboxylic acids and ions released to the solution.As these treatments were successfully applied, a lab scale pilot reactor composed alternately of BDD anodes and carbon felt cathodes with a bottom aeration system and working in the continuous mode was built to scale-up these processes in order to pre-industrialize them. Different configurations of electrodes were tested. The flow rate and the current were found to be more influent on the mineralization rate and on the energy consumption, respectively. To deeper understand the role of the flow rate and the configurations a hydrodynamic study was performed. The hydrodynamic results were gathered with a kinetic model for the mineralization to obtain a model predicting the percentage of mineralization at different position inside the reactor during the steady state. Thus, this model can help to optimize the operating conditions and to size future reactors depending on the mineralization objective of the treatment (high mineralization rate, combined treatment, high flow, …).To reduce operating cost, the combination of an electrochemical process and a biological treatment was then investigated. In this frame, it was found that electrochemical treatment can (i) degrade the hydrochlorothiazide (ii) reduce significantly the concentration of its aromatic intermediates as they were shown to significantly inhibit the bacterial activity, (iii) promote the formation of biodegradable molecules such as carboxylic acids. The biodegradation of four carboxylic acids formed during the electro-Fenton treatment of the hydrochlorothiazide at lab scale was also studied. It was demonstrated that they were sequentially degraded with different lag phases and kinetics of degradation. Thus to mineralize them, a “plug flow” type reactor is recommended. The combination of treatment was then applied with an electrochemical treatment performed at low current with a BDD anode and a Platine anode. A mineralization degree of 38% and 50% were obtained by the biological treatment enabling to globally reach a mineralization rate of 66% and 85% with the BDD and the Platine anodes respectively. Thus this combined treatment was successful and open the way for the scale-up of these processes
Chergui, Souâd. "Dégradation des colorants textiles par procédés d'oxydation avancée basée sur la réaction de Fenton : application à la dépollution des rejets industriels". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582374.
Testo completoBaïliche, Zohra. "Synthèse de nanoparticules d'or supportées sur oxyde mésoporeux : Application à l'oxydation de composés organiques volatils modèles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0350.
Testo completoWell dispersed gold nanoparticles are the key to obtain an active gold catalyst. Obtaining gold nanoparticles requires control of many parameters and understanding of the interaction mode between gold and the support. For this reason the choice of the support is very important. The first part of this thesis concerns the controlled preparation of gold catalysts supported on reducible mesoporous oxides TiO₂, CeO₂ and Fe₂O₃ synthesized via two strategies Soft and Hard template using respectively. triblock copolymer (Pluronic 123) and mesoporous silica SBA-15 as template. This study clearly shows that the gold loading depends on the initial concentration of HAuCl₄, the method of preparation (DPU DP NaOH), theoretical gold content and the nature of the support. These results are to relate to the gold speciation which is a function of pH of the solution. The gold loading is higher on CeO₂ than on TiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ whatever the theoretical gold content. Very high gold dispersion is obtained (the gold particle size is 2 nm) on 1wt% and 2wt% Au/CeO₂ prepared by DPU and calcined at 400°C. The second part of this study concerns the toluene oxidation in the gas phase on Au/mesoporous oxide catalysts and the Fenton and photo-Fenton degradation of phenolic aqueous solutions by H₂O₂ on FeSBA-15 catalysts prepared following different synthesis routes, direct synthesis by adjusting pH at 3 and 6 and with post synthesis procedure. In the toluene oxidation in the gas phase Au/mesoporous oxide catalysts are totally selective for CO₂ and H₂O. The catalytic performances depend on the synthesis conditions of catalysts and the support; the 1wt% Au/CeO₂ catalyst is very active and exhibits a long-term stability. In the Fenton and photo-Fenton degradation of phenolic aqueous solutions the catalytic performances depend on the Si/Fe ratio and the particle size of the iron species, the particle size being directly related to the synthesis strategy of the catalysts. The catalyst FeSBA-15 (Si/Fe = 60) synthesized at pH = 6 is a potential candidate in the degradation of organic pollutants by Fenton and photo-Fenton process in neutral medium
م لخصمسقني لمعلا يف هذه ةحورطألا ىلإ نيئزج:OiT 2ب وا سطة OeC 2و , Fe2O ي خ تص الاول ال ق سم ب تح ض يرمح فزات من ال ذهبن وع من م يزوب ري ة ب مواد مدعم 3ان واع مخ ت لف ال تح ض ير. ت شخ يص ف ي ال م س ت عم لة ال ت ق ن يات مخ ت لفت ب ين ال مح ضرة ل مح فزات انال دعم ط ب ي عة ك ذا و ال مح فز ت ح ض ير وطري قة HAuCl ت ر سب معدل ي ت ع لق ل ذه با ت رك يز ع لى 4ي ع ضو جزيء و سطغازي enèuloT أك سدة ف ي ال مواد هذه ب تط ب يق ي ت ع لق ال ثان ي ال ق سم ف يال مح فز ت ح ض ير Ò طرق ك ذا و ل ت فاعل هذا ع لى ال مؤث رة ل عوامل ب درا سة ق م نا سال فا ال مذك ورة ل لمح فزات ال ف عال ية ع لان واع مخ ت لف ب وا سطة FeSBA- ي ع ضو جزيء lonehP ت فاعل ب وا سطة notneF سائ ل و سط ف ي وعمن 51 ن مح فزات ع لىوHp ال و سط Si/Fe قلعتي ةبسنب FeSBA- ريضحتلا.ادأء 1515FeSBA-15, Fenton, Phenol, Toluène, TiO و 2 CeO2, Fe2O3, SBA- ال ك لمات ال م ف تاح ية ׃م يزوب وري ة
Yasin, Sohail. "Eco-design for end-of-life phase of flame retardant textiles". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10225/document.
Testo completoThe different life cycle phases of textiles with flame retardant (FR) finishes have substantial adverse impacts on environment. Several studies on the exposure of flame retardant have mainly focused on ways to provide environmentally friendly synthesis of flame retardants. However the end-of-life phase of the FR textiles seems neglected and needs great attention when the product life cycle is concerned. Though today, technologies for solid waste management are ever-improving, the end-of-life of flame retardant textile products create issues, by decreasing energy yield in the incineration process due to incomplete combustion and emission of toxic fumes.Therefore an eco-design was proposed with optimized disposals for the flame retardant textiles, by a prior degradation and elimination of a durable flame retardant substance (MDPA) from textiles, using advanced oxidation Fenton process. Then thermal valorization was achieved by gasification instead of incineration.The degradation kinetics of MDPA from cotton fabrics, monitored by measuring the COD of the reaction mixture, seems to depend on the Fenton reactant concentration. The mechanical properties of the cotton after the treatment are unaltered. The flammability test and thermogravimetric (TGA, DTG and PCFC) results confirmed the degradation of MDPA. The gasification results supported the eco-design by showing increased combustion properties of the FR textiles after the Fenton treatment allowing eco-design of energy valorization of textile wastes. Real environmental impacts evaluated by a life cycle assessment (LCA) tool confirm the eco-design of the end-of-life phase of flame retardant textile products
Zazou, Hicham. "Dégradation de pesticides dans l’eau par les procédés d’oxydation avancée (POA)". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1071/document.
Testo completoThe intensive use of pesticides in agriculture generates, nowadays, an unprecedented contamination of surface water and groundwater. Conventional treatments applied to waste water containing organic pollutants are based on biological treatments méthods or physical mass transfer methods (decantation, filtration, adsorption of the pollutants on activated carbon), chemical oxidation with ozone, chlorine, etc. However, these methods remain ineffective for the treatment of water polluted by persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Advanced oxidation processes are implemented to degrade and mineralize these pollutants. This PhD thesis work aims to establish an experimental protocol to degrade and mineralize pesticides, chemicals widely used in agriculture in Morocco, such as monochlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy-acetic acid , and imazalil using the electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes with DD Pt or DSA anodes. Thus, the rate of mineralization was 92%, 95%, 92% and 97% for the monochloro-benzene, the 1,2-dichlorobenzene, the 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid , and the imazalil, respectively, after 4 h treatment by electro-Fenton process. These results confirm the effectiveness of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for treating water polluted by pesticides
Oueslati, Khaled. "Caractérisation et modélisation de la production des radicaux libres oxygénés par la chimie de Fenton dans un milieu mimétique de la viande". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC014/document.
Testo completoControl of meat quality during meat processes (storage, cooking, curing, digestion) requires a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible of the oxidative phenomena and of the kinetic laws that govern them. The initiation stage of oxidation is crucial and characterized by the rate of reaction of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide with iron; this latter compound is more or less rich depending on muscles, animals and species. Superoxide radical (O2°- ) and hydroxyl radical (OH°) are produced and initiate the cascade of reactions implicated in protein and lipid oxidations. To investigate the impact of the physicochemical parameters on the free radicals production our trials were carried out with a mimetic model of meat using two specific probes (nitroblue tetrazolium and terephthalate) and a stoichio-kinetic mathematical model composed of interactive chemical reactions. This approach enables to measure many production kinetics of O2°- and OH° and to assess unknown kinetic parameters (rate constant and activation energy and iron reactivity) by comparison of calculations to measurements. The experimental results show: (1) a synergistic effect of oxidants and temperature on oxidations (2) a significant effect of counter ions and pH on iron complexes and oxidation levels (3) a significant effect of oxidants and antioxidants on oxidation. Controversial rate constants and activation energies of some reactions as well as iron reactivity coefficients were adjusted. The predictions of the stoechio-kinetic model reproduce experimental trends except for high reactants concentrations, for extreme temperatures and for some antioxidants. A global optimization of k, Ea and iron reactivities values could improve predictive results
Yang, Weilu. "Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for emerging organic contaminants removal with graphene-based modified carbon felt electrode". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2025.
Testo completoIn recent years, with the continuous development of environmental analysis technologies, some chemicals, which have long been recognized but recently attracted attention, have been continuously entering the environment and threatening human health and ecological environment. The emergence of these new pollutants have attracted wide attention. Among them, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have become international research hotspots. China is the largest medicine producer and market in the world. With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the production and use of various PPCPs in China are increasing rapidly. Compared with the traditional pollutants, the new emerging contaminants are generally difficult to be analyzed due to the limitation of analytical technologies and its low concentration in water. The traditional sewage treatment plants can not achieve efficient degradation and removal effects. The research on risk assessment and control of new emerging contaminants in China is still a big challenge. It is necessary to strengthen the research on potential environmental risk assessment and efficient treatment technology. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), as an efficient pollutant treatment technology, has been widely used in the treatment of refractory organic pollutants such as new emerging contaminants in water because of its strong oxidation ability, which can effectively degrade and mineralize pollutants in water. Graphene, as a new type of carbon material, has become an efficient adsorbent and catalyst for pollution treatment due to its excellent conductivity and high specific surface area. However, its application in AOPs has not been widely reported and its mechanism has not been systematically explained. Based on this, this paper studied the role of graphene modified electrodes in electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) with the preparation of graphene by electrochemical exfoliation, application of graphene modified electrodes to electrochemical Fenton (EF) process for the degradation of new emerging contaminants; the construction of in-situ iron-free EAOPs with cathodes modified with nitrogen-doped graphene for abatement of new emerging contaminants and the mechanism of highly efficient catalysis with nitrogen-doped graphene have been explored
Johansson, Clotilde. "Oxydation par les ferrates d’un sol contaminé par du DNAPL en condition saturée : conséquences sur les Composés Aromatiques Polycycliques (HAP et CAP Polaires) : Expérimentations en batch et colonne". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0244.
Testo completoSoils encountered at former coking plant sites are often impacted by Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PAC) inherited from coal tar spillages. The remediation of the source zones is complex, particularly in the aquifer where Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPL) occur. This thesis is part of the BIOXYVAL project and focuses on the in situ chemical oxidation of residual tar, remaining in the saturated zone after pumping of the DNAPL. The objectives of this thesis were to study and compare the oxidative efficiency of ferrates with other oxidants to remediate a solid matrix spiked with DNAPL. This work aimed to (i) understand the global degradation mechanisms, (ii) evaluate the possible formation of hazardous oxygenated by-products (O-PAC) and (iii) identify the limitations for an in situ application. Two laboratory studies were conducted: batch experiments, ideal reactor and enclosed system, and column experiments under flow through conditions. Our works highlight (batches) the systematic production and accumulation of O-PAC ketones along oxidation with permanganate and ferrates (oxydo-reductive pathway), whereas oxidants following a radical mechanism do not show accumulation of those by-products. High degradation yields are measured with all oxidants tested (except the Fenton-like and the hydrogen peroxide). Permanganate and ferrates were then studied in column experiments. The limited reactivity of permanganate linked to the stability and low availability of the pollutants resulted on a poor efficiency of the oxidant under continuous flushing. The MnO2 precipitates did not have a high impact on porosity but seemed to reduce the availability of the pollutants during oxidation. Production of O-PAC were measured with lixiviated particles. In the contrary, ferrates injections induced a rapid clogging of the porous media, linked to the formation of ferric particles. Simultaneously, high remobilization of DNAPL drops was observed during the injections. Like permanganate, some O-PAC by-products were detected with lixiviated particles. The results demonstrate the ability of ferrates to degrade PACs from the DNAPL but show that their injection in situ is today impractical, as the technical and economic feasibility are not forthcoming. This work suggests considering the optimization of ferrates application and propose other solutions for the studied site
Adityosulindro, Sandyanto. "Activation of homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton processes by ultrasound and ultraviolet/visible irradiations for the removal of ibuprofen in water". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17913/7/aditosulindro-sandyanto.pdf.
Testo completoMurati, Minir. "Etude d'élimination de trois herbicides : Atrazine, Sulcotrione et Mésotrione, en milieu aqueux par les procédés électrochimiques d'oxydation avancée". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740108.
Testo completoUsman, Muhammad. "Formation of mixed Fe"-Fe"' oxides and their reactivity to catalyze chemical oxidation : remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10093/document.
Testo completoThe main theme of this research is the use of reactive iron minerals in the remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils via chemical oxidation treatments at circumneutral pH. The contribution of this thesis is two-fold including the abiotic synthesis of mixed FeII-FeIII oxides considered as reactive iron minerals (magnetite and green rust) and their use to catalyze chemical oxidation. Oxidation methods tested in this study include Fenton-like (FL) and activated persulfate oxidation (AP). The formation of magnetite and green rust was studied by abiotic FeII-induced transformations of various ferric oxides like ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite and lepidocrocite. Then, the ability of magnetite was tested to catalyze chemical oxidation (FL and AP) for the degradation of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at circumneutral pH. Significant degradation of oil hydrocarbons occurring in weathered as well as in crude oil was obtained by both oxidants. Magnetite catalyzed oxidation was also effective for remediation of two PAHs contaminated soils from ancient coking plant sites. No by-products were observed in all batch slurry oxidation systems. Very low hydrocarbon degradation was observed when soluble FeII was used as catalyst under the same experimental conditions. Magnetite also exhibited high reactivity to catalyze chemical oxidation in column experiments under flow through conditions. Oxidation studies revealed the importance of catalyst type for oxidation, PAHs availability in soils and the soil matrix effect. Results of this study suggest that magnetite can be used as iron source to activate both Fenton-like and persulfate oxidation at circumneutral pH. This study has important implications in the remediation of hydrocarbon polluted soils through in-situ chemical oxidation
Sopaj, Flamur. "Study of the influence of electrode material in the application of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes to removal of pharmaceutic pollutants from water". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985537.
Testo completoWu, Yanlin. "Application of Fe(III)-EDDS complex in advanced oxidation processes : 4-ter-butylphenol degradation". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22455/document.
Testo completoAdvanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have been proved to be successfully applied in the treatment of sewage. It can decolorize the wastewater, reduce the toxicity of pollutants, convert the pollutants to be a biodegradable by-product and achieve the completed mineralization of the organic pollutants. The Fenton technologies which are performed by iron-activated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce hydroxyl radical (HO•) has been widely investigated in the past few decades. Recently, Sulfate radical (SO4•-) which was produced by the activation of persulfate (S2O82-) is applied to the degradation of organic pollutants in water and soil. It is a new technology recently developed. It is also believed to be one of the most promising advanced oxidation technologies.In this study, a new iron complex is introduced to the traditional Fenton reaction. The ferric iron (Fe(III)) and Ethylene diamine-N,N′-disuccinic acid (EDDS) formed the complex named Fe(III)-EDDS. It can overcome the main disadvantage of traditional Fenton technology, which is the fact that traditional Fenton technology can only perform high efficiency in acidic condition. Simultaneously, EDDS is biodegradable and it is one of the best environment-friendly complexing agents. On the other hand, the transition metal is able to activate S2O82- to generate SO4•-. Therefore, Fe(III)-EDDS will also be applied to activate S2O82- in the present study. 4-tert-Butylphenol (4-t-BP) has been chosen as a target pollutant in this study. It is widely used as a chemical raw material and is classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals due to the estrogenic effects. The 4-t-BP degradation rate (R4-t-BP) is used to indicate the efficiency of the advanced oxidation processes which are based on Fe(III)-EDDS utilization. The main contents and conclusions of this research are shown as follows:In the first part, the chemical structure and properties of Fe(III)-EDDS and the 4-t-BP degradation efficiency in UV/Fe(III)-EDDS system were studied. The results showed that Fe(III)-EDDS was a stable complex which was formed by the Fe(III) and EDDS with the molar ratio 1:1. From the photoredox process of Fe(III)-EDDS, the formation of hydroxyl radical was confirmed including that HO• is the main species responsible for the degradation of 4-t-BP in aqueous solution. Ferrous ion (Fe(II)) was also formed during the reaction. With the increasing Fe(III)-EDDS concentration, 4-t-BP degradation rate increased but is inhibited when the Fe(III)-EDDS concentration was too high. Indeed, Fe(III)-EDDS is the scavenger of HO•. pH value had a significant effect on the degradation efficiency of 4-t-BP that was enhanced under neutral or alkaline conditions. On the one hand, Fe(III)-EDDS presented in the FeL-, Fe(OH)L2-, Fe(OH)2L3-, Fe(OH)4- four different forms under different pH conditions and they had different sensitivity to the UV light. On the other hand, pH value affected the cycle between Fe(III) and Fe(II ). The formation of hydroperoxy radicals (HO2•) and superoxide radical anions (O2•-) (pka = 4.88) as a function of pH was also one of the reasons. It was observed that O2 was an important parameter affecting the efficiency of this process. This effect of O2 is mainly due to its important role during the oxidation of the first radical formed on the pollutant. (...)
Korichi, Noussaiba. "Epuration d'effluents pharmaceutiques par plasmas non thermiques couplés à des procédés catalytiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ORLE1057.
Testo completoThe work of this PhD thesis aims at studying a hybrid process for the treatment of organic molecules in water. It consists of the Non Thermal Plasma (NTP) process coupled with heterogeneous catalysis (Fenton-like type). Paracetamol is used as the target molecule for this study. Two different configurations of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma reactor were used: (i) a multi-needles-to-plane reactor in static mode; (ii) a coaxial tubular reactor with flow of the solution to be treated. In order to evaluate the synergy between the two processes (plasma and catalysis), the treatments were applied separately and then coupled. The synergistic effects of the coupled plasma-catalysis process were demonstrated in terms of degradation rate, energy yield, and also in terms of pollutant mineralization, corresponding to a decrease of the organic molecules load in the solution with the conversion of organic carbon into inorganic carbon. The first part of the work carried out with the multi-needles-to-plane reactor allowed to establish the effective role of the plasma-catalysis coupling in comparison with the plasma process alone. Indeed, in coupling, a mineralization of 54% was reached after the 60 minutes of treatment and the energy yield was increased by a factor of two, thus reducing the cost of treatment. The work carried out on the coaxial reactor allowed us to study the effect of many parameters on plasma-catalysis coupling efficiency such as the composition of the injected gas, the gas and liquid flow rate, the position of the catalyst in relation to the plasma discharge, etc. We were thus able to show the interest of working in an oxygen-rich gas on kinetics of degradation and mineralization as well as the role of applied electrical power on the oxidation mechanisms. As an example, it was possible to obtain a mineralization of 70 % after 90 minutes under air, whereas under O₂/N₂ (80/20 sccm), the mineralization reached 95 %. The stability of the catalyst was also studied in terms of mineralization after several reuses of the catalyst. We also demonstrated the role of the hydroxyl radical (·OH) on the treatment with the use of radical scavengers. Indeed, the presence of methanol, known as a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, a decrease of the degradation of nearly 50% was obtained and no mineralization was observed
Hong, Junting. "Evaluation of atrazine degradation processes in water by electrical discharges and high-frequency ultrasound : parametric optimization and study of reaction mechanisms". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COMP2804.
Testo completoThe main goal of this thesis is to develop an efficient technology for the degradation of pesticides. For this purpose, the widely used herbicide atrazine was studied as a model molecule. Atrazine was degraded in water by high voltage electrical discharge (HVED), and its degradation performance was compared with traditional water treatment technologies Fenton oxidation and ultrasound (US). The detection and quantification of atrazine and its metabolites were achieved by high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). An online analysis method by HPLC-HRMS combined with automatic sampling was developed for real-time monitoring of the degradation process. The HVED technology efficiently degraded atrazine and reduced toxic metabolites generated during Fenton oxidation and US processes. HVED process has less energy consumption than US process while achieving the same 89% atrazine degradation efficiency. The mechanism pathways of atrazine degradation for different technologies were proposed. The effect of real matrix (tap water) versus model matrix (deionized water) on atrazine degradation was studied. Results showed that in HVED treatment, the degradation efficiency of atrazine in tap water was lower than that in deionized water, which may be related to the conductivity of the water and to the mechanism of electric arcs generation in a conductive medium. The acute toxicity (LC50) in Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the toxicity of different treatment solutions initially containing atrazine. The toxicity of atrazine solution treated by Fenton oxidation is higher than that treated by HVED and US
Robert, Mylène. "Impact of degradation and aging on properties of PFSA membranes for fuel cells". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0004.
Testo completoAlthough proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are nowadays considered as a safe and clean energy technology, they still suffer from durability and reliability issues restricting their widespread commercialization. Innumerable studies have already led to a better understanding of aging phenomena and highlighted membrane degradation as one of the main factors limiting PEMFC lifetime. This study aims at bringing some clarifications on the chemical and mechanical degradation mechanisms of membranes through ex-situ aging protocols as well as understanding the impact of these degradations on the membrane structure and functional properties. First, it was necessary to clarify the influence of Fenton’s reaction, an ex-situ aging protocol widely recognized in the literature, on the chemical degradation of Nafion™ membranes. The results confirmed that Fenton’s reagents concentration significantly influenced polymer chemical decomposition, both from a chemical and morphological point of view. Subsequently, we chose to monitor the evolution of pure chemical degradation of Nafion™ membranes as a function of time and to study its impact on the membrane structure, water sorption and diffusion properties, as well as operability in fuel cells. In that respect, various characterization techniques such as 19F or 1H-NMR as well as FTIR spectroscopies allowed us to correlate physico-chemical properties of the membrane to its structural characteristics and to thus highlight several indicators of chemical degradation. Finally, a custom-made device has been developed to study the impact of conjoint mechanical and chemical stress on Nafion™ membranes. The objective of this device was to replicate aging conditions close to those encountered during fuel cell operation
Lafleur, Gaël. "Nouvelles architectures de composants photoniques par l'ingénierie du confinement électrique et optique". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30263/document.
Testo completoOptical and electrical confinement using Al(Ga)As layer oxidation is a key milestone in the fabrication of active and passive GaAs-based photonic components. To optimize those devices, through the control of the optical and electrical confinements, a better modelling of oxidation process and a better understanding of optical properties of aluminum oxide (AlOx) is required. One part of this work is focusing on a throughout experimental study of AlGaAs oxidation kinetics, where I studied different important parameters such as wafer temperature, gallium composition, atmospheric pressure and mesa geometry. Then, I developed a new predictive model taking into account the process anisotropy, thus allowing a better temporal and spatial of AlAs oxidation front evolution. Finally, I could exploit this technological process to realize whispering gallery mode microdisks as well as slot optical waveguides, and I have characterized this latter photonic devices