Articoli di riviste: "Orthokeratology"

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Parker, Katrina E., e Norman E. Leach. "Orthokeratology". Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 42, n. 1 (gennaio 2016): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/icl.0000000000000194.

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Cavanagh, H. Dwight. "Orthokeratology". Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 30, n. 3 (luglio 2004): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.icl.0000133219.05247.01.

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Sun, Yuan, Lin Wang, Jing Gao, Mei Yang e Qi Zhao. "Influence of Overnight Orthokeratology on Corneal Surface Shape and Optical Quality". Journal of Ophthalmology 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3279821.

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Purpose. To investigate the changes of corneal surface shape and optical quality during orthokeratology. Methods. 49 eyes of 26 patients (10.63 ± 2.02 years old) who underwent overnight orthokeratology for myopia were prospectively examined. The corneal surface shape parameters, including surface regularity index (SRI) and surface asymmetry index (SAI), were attained with an OPD-III SCAN. The higher-order aberrations and higher-order Strehl ratios were calculated under a 3 mm pupil diameter before orthokeratology, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after orthokeratology. A P value of less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Results. Months after orthokeratology, SRI and SAI were both showing a significant increase in comparison with those before orthokeratology (P<0.001). After orthokeratology, for a 3 mm pupil, the higher-order Strehl ratio presented a reduction of 0.217 μm (P<0.001), and the higher-order aberration root mean square (HOA RMS) showed a mean increase of 0.100 μm (P<0.001). There were significant increases in spherical aberration (P<0.001) and coma (P=0.044) after orthokeratology. Trefoil showed a slight reduction at month 6 after orthokeratology, but there was no statistical significance (P=0.722). Conclusion. Overnight orthokeratology for a correction of myopia resulted in a significant improvement in refractive error but increased corneal irregularity and ocular higher-order aberrations, especially in spherical aberration.

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Wyss, Michael. "Presbyopie Management mittels Orthokeratologie". Optometry & Contact Lenses 2, n. 6 (29 giugno 2022): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54352/dozv.kemy8599.

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Purpose. With the aging population, management of presby- opia by contact lenses has become commonplace and market penetration is growing steadily. The purpose of this article is to discuss and highlight the different approaches to presbyopic patients using orthokeratology. Material and Methods. The management of presbyopia using multifocal orthokeratology requires additional demands on the contact lens specialist as well as on the specialized laboratory. Based on the author’s experience with fitting multifocal orthokeratology contact lenses, different types of care in the field of presbyopia management are discussed with consideration of adequate care management. Results. Today basically all orthokeratology variants are available with a multifocal design too. Due to the wider mul- tifocal back surface design, the adaptation and modulation time until the stable final result is achieved, takes about one week longer than with traditional orthokeratology. Adequate patient care is of great importance. Conclusion. Presbyopia should not be considered a contrain- dication to orthokeratology. The multifocal designs work well in the long term and are in no way inferior to the well-known contact lens presbyopia solutions. Keywords presbyopia, orthokeratology, contact lenses

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Vincent, Stephen J., Pauline Cho, Ka Yin Chan, Daddi Fadel, Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad, José M. González-Méijome, Leah Johnson et al. "CLEAR - Orthokeratology". Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 44, n. 2 (aprile 2021): 240–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.003.

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Soni, P. Sarita, Tracy T. Nguyen e Joseph A. Bonanno. "Overnight Orthokeratology". Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 29, n. 3 (luglio 2003): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.icl.0000072831.13880.a0.

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Soni, P. Sarita, Tracy T. Nguyen e Joseph A. Bonanno. "Overnight Orthokeratology". Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 30, n. 4 (ottobre 2004): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.icl.0000140637.58027.9b.

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Nichols, Jason J., Matthew M. Marsich, Myhanh Nguyen, Joseph T. Barr e Mark A. Bullimore. "Overnight Orthokeratology". Optometry and Vision Science 77, n. 5 (maggio 2000): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200005000-00012.

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Efron, Nathan. "Overnight Orthokeratology". Optometry and Vision Science 77, n. 12 (dicembre 2000): 627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200012000-00005.

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Nichols, Jason J., Matthew M. Marsich, Myhahn Nguyen, Joseph T. Barr e Mark A. Bullimore. "Overnight Orthokeratology". Optometry and Vision Science 77, n. 12 (dicembre 2000): 628–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200012000-00006.

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Garber, Jerome Martin. "Overnight Orthokeratology". Optometry and Vision Science 78, n. 7 (luglio 2001): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200107000-00008.

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Woo, George. "ORTHOKERATOLOGY HANDBOOK". Optometry and Vision Science 72, n. 8 (agosto 1995): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199508000-00011.

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Caroline, Patrick J. "Contemporary orthokeratology". Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 24, n. 1 (gennaio 2001): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1367-0484(01)80008-4.

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Hom, Milton M. "Advanced orthokeratology". International Contact Lens Clinic 24, n. 6 (novembre 1997): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-8967(97)00085-0.

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Bullimore, Mark A., e Leah A. Johnson. "Overnight orthokeratology". Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 43, n. 4 (agosto 2020): 322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2020.03.018.

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Caroline, Patrick J. "CONTEMPORARY ORTHOKERATOLOGY". Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 24, n. 1 (2001): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.clae.4300241.

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Dinari, Nur Alfi. "Miopia: Etiologi dan Terapi". Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 49, n. 10 (3 ottobre 2022): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v49i10.2069.

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<p>Myopia menjadi beban kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Prevalensi myopia makin meningkat. Faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan berperan penting dalam patogenesis myopia.Pemahaman etiologi penting untuk intervensi yang sesuai. Berbagai pilihan terapi untuk myopia, antara lain penggunaan kacamata, lensa kontak, orthokeratologi, agen farmakologis berupa atropin, dan memperbanyak waktu di luar ruangan.</p><p>Myopia is a public health burden worldwide, its prevalence is increasing. Genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of myopia.An understanding of the underlying etiology is important to determine appropriate intervention. Various treatment options include the use of glasses, contact lenses, orthokeratology, pharmacological agents such as atropine, and increased time outdoors.</p>

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Sánchez-González, José-María, Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo, María-José Baustita-Llamas, María Carmen Sánchez-González e Raúl Capote-Puente. "The Combined Effect of Low-dose Atropine with Orthokeratology in Pediatric Myopia Control: Review of the Current Treatment Status for Myopia". Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, n. 8 (24 luglio 2020): 2371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082371.

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Pediatric myopia has become a major international public health concern. The prevalence of myopia has undergone a significant increase worldwide. The purpose of this review of the current literature was to evaluate the peer-reviewed scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of low-dose atropine treatment combined with overnight orthokeratology for myopia control. A search was conducted in Pubmed and Web of Science with the following search strategy: (atropine OR low-dose atropine OR 0.01% atropine) AND (orthokeratology OR ortho-k) AND (myopia control OR myopia progression). All included studies improved myopia control by the synergistic effect of orthokeratology with low-dose atropine, compared with orthokeratology treatment alone. All studies included a short or medium follow-up period; therefore longer-term studies are necessary to validate these results.

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Kuo, Yu-Kai, Yen-Ting Chen, Ho-Min Chen, Pei-Chang Wu, Chi-Chin Sun, Ling Yeung, Ken-Kuo Lin et al. "Efficacy of Myopia Control and Distribution of Corneal Epithelial Thickness in Children Treated with Orthokeratology Assessed Using Optical Coherence Tomography". Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, n. 2 (14 febbraio 2022): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020278.

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The association between myopia control efficacy in children treated with orthokeratology and corneal epithelial thickness is still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the corneal epithelial thickness and its association with axial length changes in children treated with orthokeratology. This retrospective cohort study enrolled children aged from 9 to 15 years who had received orthokeratology for myopia control and had been followed up for at least 1 year. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography was performed to generate wide epithelial thickness maps of the patients. Annual axial length changes were calculated from the axial length at 6 months after the initiation of orthokeratology lens wear and at final measurements. Corneal epithelial thickness data were obtained from 24 sectors and a central 2 mm zone of the wide epithelial thickness map. Associations between annual axial length changes and corneal epithelial thickness for each sector/zone of the wide epithelial thickness map, and orthokeratology treatment data were determined by generalized estimating equations. Finally, a total of 83 eyes of 43 patients (mean age 11.2 years) were included in the analysis. The mean annual axial length change was 0.169 mm; when regressing demographic and ortho-k parameters to mean annual axial length changes, age and target power were both negatively associated with them (β = −14.43, p = 0.008; β = −0.26, p = 0.008, respectively). After adjusting for age and target power, the annual axial length changes were positively associated with the corneal epithelium thickness of IT1, I1, SN2, and S2 sectors of the wide epithelial thickness map, and negatively with that of the I3 sector. In conclusion, we identified associations between annual axial length changes and the corneal epithelium thickness of certain sectors in children treated with orthokeratology. This may facilitate the design of orthokeratology lenses with enhanced efficacy for myopia control.

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Wen, Daizong, Jinhai Huang, Hao Chen, Fangjun Bao, Giacomo Savini, Antonio Calossi, Haisi Chen, Xuexi Li e Qinmei Wang. "Efficacy and Acceptability of Orthokeratology for Slowing Myopic Progression in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Journal of Ophthalmology 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/360806.

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Background. To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of orthokeratology for slowing myopic progression in children with a well conducted evidence-based analysis.Design. Meta-analysis.Participants. Children from previously reported comparative studies were treated by orthokeratology versus control.Methods. A systematic literature retrieval was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The included studies were subjected to meta-analysis using Stata version 10.1.Main Outcome Measures. Axial length change (efficacy) and dropout rates (acceptability) during 2-year follow-up.Results. Eight studies involving 769 subjects were included. At 2-year follow-up, a statistically significant difference was observed in axial length change between the orthokeratology and control groups, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of −0.25 mm (95% CI, −0.30 to −0.21). The pooled myopic control rate declined with time, with 55, 51, 51, and 41% obtained after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of treatment, respectively. No statistically significant difference was obtained for dropout rates between the orthokeratology and control groups at 2-year follow-up (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.22).Conclusions. Orthokeratology is effective and acceptable for slowing myopic progression in children with careful education and monitoring.

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Chowdhury, Partha, e Brinda Shah. "Precision of Orthokeratology". Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal 9, n. 1 (17 aprile 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/or/2018/40354.

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Liubinas, Julius, e Cornelia Jong. "Orthokeratology case reports". Clinical and Experimental Optometry 81, n. 1 (2 gennaio 1998): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.1998.tb06768.x.

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Gasson, A. P. "The Orthokeratology Handbook". Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 21, n. 1 (1998): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.clae.4300106.

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Santodomingo-Rubido, Jacinto, César Villa-Collar, Bernard Gilmartin e Ramón Gutiérrez-Ortega. "Orthokeratology vs. Spectacles". Optometry and Vision Science 89, n. 8 (agosto 2012): 1133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0b013e318263c5af.

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Zeng, Li, Zhi Chen, Dan Fu, Jiaqi Zhou e Xingtao Zhou. "Tear Lipid Layer Thickness in Children after Short-Term Overnight Orthokeratology Contact Lens Wear". Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (16 novembre 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3602653.

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Meibomian gland lipid secretion is important to the stability of the tear film and ocular surface comfort. Changes in the tear film’s lipid layer thickness (LLT) after orthokeratology treatment may reflect underlying changes to the meibomian gland function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of the tear lipid layer in normal children and the effects of short-term orthokeratology treatment. Altogether, 163 myopic children (age: 10.7 ± 1.9 years, 8–15 years; 71 males) with no contact lens use history were enrolled in this study, of whom 56 were successfully fitted with orthokeratology lenses and completed the 1-month study. The tear film’s LLT (average, maximum, and minimum) and blinking pattern were measured by a LipiView® interferometer in 163 participants at baseline and in 56 orthokeratology participants at 1 week and 1 month after overnight lens wear. Results show that LLT (average) was 58.09 ± 21.66 nm in Chinese normal children. LLT was significantly correlated with rate of partial blinks at every follow-up (all p < 0.05 ). Compared to baseline, the LLT (average and minimum) and partial blinks (number and rate) at 1 week and 1 month after orthokeratology treatment both significantly increased, and the increase of LLT was correlated with elevation of rate of partial blinks. In conclusion, LLT was shown to be elevated after short-term overnight orthokeratology treatment and was related to change in rate of partial blinks. Further studies are needed to clarify the long-term effect and the underlying mechanism.

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Lee, Soo Jin, Yeo Kyoung Won e Dong Hui Lim. "Major Complications of Overnight Orthokeratology Lens for Myopic Correction". Annals of Optometry and Contact Lens 21, n. 1 (25 marzo 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52725/aocl.2022.21.1.1.

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Orthokeratology adopts reverse geometry rigid gas-permeable contact lenses to alter the corneal shape and hence refractive power. The effect is transient; therefore, the users need to wear the orthokeratology lenses during night time while asleep, so that they can avoid wearing glasses during daytime. The compressive forces of the reverse geometry rigid lenses may disrupt the corneal epithelium and extended overnight wear may potentiate various side effects, such as lens-corneal binding, corneal staining, microbial keratitis, chronic allergic conjunctivitis and lens decentration. In this article, we conducted a systemic review to summarize the major complications associated with orthokeratology lens use and solutions.

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Zhao, Lianghui, Lili Jing, Jie Li e Xianli Du. "Changes in corneal densitometry after long-term orthokeratology for myopia and short-term discontinuation". PLOS ONE 17, n. 2 (4 febbraio 2022): e0263121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263121.

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Purpose To quantify changes in corneal densitometry after long-term orthokeratology treatment in myopic children and to analyze the reversibility one month after discontinuation. Methods Seventy-four myopic subjects aged 8–16 years, who wore orthokeratology lenses for two years, were divided into relatively steep- (lens movement within 1.0–1.5 mm, thirty-six participants) and flat-fitting groups (lens movement within 1.5–2.0 mm, thirty-eight participants). Based on refractive errors, they were divided into low and moderate myopia groups (thirty-seven participants in each group). Corneal densitometry was performed using Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) at each follow-up timepoint. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the parameters before and after orthokeratology. Results The corneal densitometry values over the 0–10 mm diameter area increased from 12.84±1.38 grayscale units (GSU) at baseline to 13.59±1.42 GSU after three-month orthokeratology (P = .001) and reached 14.92±1.45 GSU at two years (P < .001). An increase in densitometry began at one month (P = .001) over the 0–2 mm annulus compared with that at three months over the 2–6 mm and 6–10 mm zones (P = .002,.014). The densitometry values significantly increased at three months in the relatively steep-fitting group (P = .003) and at one year in the relatively flat-fitting group (P = .001). After discontinuation of orthokeratology for one month, the values showed no significant decrease. Conclusions Long-term orthokeratology treatment causes a small but statistically significant increase in corneal densitometry values. During the first year, the onset of these changes was related to the fitting mode. Corneal densitometry values showed no significant reduction after one-month discontinuation.

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Chen, Minfeng, Xinting Liu, Zhu Xie, Pengqi Wang, Miaoran Zheng e Xinjie Mao. "The Effect of Corneal Refractive Power Area Changes on Myopia Progression during Orthokeratology". Journal of Ophthalmology 2022 (16 giugno 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5530162.

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Purpose. To investigate the effect of corneal refractive power area changes on myopia progression during orthokeratology. Methods. One hundred and sixteen children who met the inclusion criteria and insisted on wearing orthokeratology lenses for two years were retrospectively assessed. Seventy-two children with the orthokeratology lens decentration distance more than 0.5 mm but less than 1.5 mm were in the decentered group, and forty-four children with the orthokeratology lens decentration distance less than 0.5 mm were in the centric group. The orthokeratology decentration via tangential difference topography was analyzed. This study calculated the different power areas in the central 4 mm pupillary area by axial-difference corneal topography, compared the differences of the different power areas between these two groups, and evaluated the relationships between corneal positive-power area, orthokeratology decentration, and AL changes. Results. The axial length changes of the centric group presented a statistical difference with the decentered group (0.52 ± 0.37 mm vs. 0.38 ± 0.26 mm; t = 2.403, p = 0.018 ). For all children, both the AL changes (0.43 ± 0.31 mm) and decentration distance (0.64 ± 0.33 mm) showed a significant correlation with the positive-power area (r = −0.366, p < 0.001 and r = 0.624, p < 0.001 ); AL changes also presented a statistical correlation with decentration distance (r = −0.343, p < 0.001 ), baseline age (r = −0.329, p < 0.001 ), and baseline spherical equivalent refractive power (r = 0.335, p < 0.001 ). In the centric group and decentered group, the AL changes (centric group: r = −0.319, p = 0.035 ; decentered group: r = −0.332, p = 0.04 ) and decentration distance (centric group: r = 0.462, p = 0.002 ; decentered group: r = 0.524, p < 0.001 ) had a significant correlation with the positive-power area yet. In the multiple regression analysis, AL changes were increased with less baseline age (beta, 0.015; p < 0.001 ), positive-power area (beta, 0.021; p = 0.002 ), and larger SER (beta, 0.025; p = 0.018 ). Conclusions. The corneal positive-power area had a positive impact on affirming AL changes during orthokeratology. This area might be formed by lens decentration to provide an additional myopia-defocusing influence on the retina to achieve better myopia control.

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Wan, Kelvin Ho-Nam. "Orthokeratology lens related infections". World Journal of Ophthalmology 4, n. 3 (2014): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5318/wjo.v4.i3.63.

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Swarbrick, Helen A. "Orthokeratology review and update". Clinical and Experimental Optometry 89, n. 3 (maggio 2006): 124–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00044.x.

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Xie, Peiying, e Xi Guo. "Chinese Experiences on Orthokeratology". Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 42, n. 1 (gennaio 2016): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/icl.0000000000000190.

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Shehadeh-Masha'Our, R., F. Segev, I. S. Barequet, Y. Ton e H. J. Garzozi. "Orthokeratology Associated Microbial Keratitis". European Journal of Ophthalmology 19, n. 1 (gennaio 2009): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067210901900120.

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Si, Jun-Kang, Kai Tang, Hong-Sheng Bi, Da-Dong Guo, Jun-Guo Guo e Xing-Rong Wang. "Orthokeratology for Myopia Control". Optometry and Vision Science 92, n. 3 (marzo 2015): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000000505.

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Poole, T. R. G., O. Frangouli e A. C. W. Ionides. "Microbial keratitis following orthokeratology". Eye 17, n. 3 (aprile 2003): 440–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6700338.

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Swarbrick, Helen A. "Orthokeratology (Corneal Refractive Therapy)". Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 30, n. 4 (ottobre 2004): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.icl.0000140221.41806.6e.

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Hutchinson, Kenneth, e Andrew Apel. "Infectious keratitis in orthokeratology". Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology 30, n. 1 (febbraio 2002): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9071.2002.00483.x.

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Wilhelmus, Kirk R. "Acanthamoeba Keratitis During Orthokeratology". Cornea 24, n. 7 (ottobre 2005): 864–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ico.0000175410.28859.bd.

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SWARBRICK, HELEN A., GUNTER WONG e DANIEL J. O??LEARY. "Corneal Response to Orthokeratology". Optometry and Vision Science 75, n. 11 (novembre 1998): 791–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199811000-00019.

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Gerowitz, Robert, e Jan Jurkus. "Achieving success with orthokeratology". Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 36 (dicembre 2013): e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2013.08.061.

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Cheung, Sin Wan, Pauline Cho e Ben Chan. "Astigmatic Changes in Orthokeratology". Optometry and Vision Science 86, n. 12 (dicembre 2009): 1352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0b013e3181be06ff.

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Britton, Andy. "A case for orthokeratology". Optician 2018, n. 11 (novembre 2018): 195112–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/opti.2018.11.195112.

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Abstract (sommario):

In the last of his series of interesting cases illustrating the extended role of the eye care practitioner in the primary community, Andy Britton describes his use of orthokeratology in myopia management

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Loertscher, Martin, Simon Backhouse e John R. Phillips. "Multifocal Orthokeratology versus Conventional Orthokeratology for Myopia Control: A Paired-Eye Study". Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, n. 3 (24 gennaio 2021): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030447.

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We conducted a prospective, paired-eye, investigator masked study in 30 children with myopia (−1.25 D to −4.00 D; age 10 to 14 years) to test the efficacy of a novel multifocal orthokeratology (MOK) lens compared to conventional orthokeratology (OK) in slowing axial eye growth. The MOK lens molded a center-distance, multifocal surface onto the anterior cornea, with a concentric treatment zone power of +2.50 D. Children wore an MOK lens in one eye and a conventional OK lens in the fellow eye nightly for 18 months. Eye growth was monitored with non-contact ocular biometry. Over 18 months, MOK-treated eyes showed significantly less axial expansion than OK-treated eyes (axial length change: MOK 0.173 mm less than OK; p < 0.01), and inner axial length (posterior cornea to anterior sclera change: MOK 0.156 mm less than OK, p < 0.01). The reduced elongation was constant across different baseline progression rates (range −0.50 D/year to −2.00 D/year). Visual acuity was less in MOK vs. OK-treated eyes (e.g., at six months, MOK: 0.09 ± 0.01 vs. OK: 0.02 ± 0.01 logMAR; p = 0.01). We conclude that MOK lenses significantly reduce eye growth compared to conventional OK lenses over 18 months.

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RAH, MARJORIE J., JOHN MARK JACKSON, LISA A. JONES, HARUE J. MARSDEN, MELISSA D. BAILEY e and JOSEPH T. BARR. "Overnight Orthokeratology: Preliminary Results of the Lenses and Overnight Orthokeratology (LOOK) Study". Optometry and Vision Science 79, n. 9 (settembre 2002): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200209000-00011.

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Zhang, Kai-Yun, Jia-Rui Yang e Wei-Qiang Qiu. "Efficacy of long-term orthokeratology treatment in children with anisometropic myopia". International Journal of Ophthalmology 15, n. 1 (18 gennaio 2022): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2022.01.17.

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AIM: To explore the efficacy of the orthokeratology lens for anisometropic myopia progression. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed. Cycloplegic refraction and axial length (AL) were collected from 50 children (10.52±1.72y) who visited Peking University Third Hospital from July 2015 to August 2020. These children's one eyes (Group A) received monocular orthokeratology lenses at first, after different durations (12.20±6.94mo), their contralateral eyes (Group B) developed myopia and receive orthokeratology as well. The data in 1-year of binocular period were recorded. AL growth rate (difference of follow-up and baseline per month) were compared between two groups by paired t test. Interocular differences of AL were compared by Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: During monocular period, the AL growth rate of the Group A (0.008±0.022 mm/mo) was significantly slower than that of the Group B (0.038±0.018 mm/mo; P<0.0001). However, during binocular period, the AL growth rate of the Group A (0.026±0.014 mm/mo) was significantly faster than that of the Group B (0.016±0.015 mm/mo; P<0.0001). The AL difference between both eyes was 0.6 (0.46) mm, then significantly decreased to 0.22 (0.39) mm when started binocular treatment (P<0.0001). However, it was significantly increased to 0.30 (0.32) mm after a year (P<0.0001), but still significantly lower than baseline (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The orthokeratology lens is efficient for control the AL elongation of monocular myopia eyes and reduce anisometropia. For the condition that the contralateral eyes develop myopia and receive orthokeratology lens later, there is no efficiency observed on control interocular difference of AL during binocular treatment.

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45

Su, Chen-Ying, Lung-Kun Yeh, Yi-Fei Tsao, Wen-Pin Lin, Chiun-Ho Hou, Hsueh-Fang Huang, Chi-Chun Lai e Hsu-Wei Fang. "The Effect of Different Cleaning Methods on Protein Deposition and Optical Characteristics of Orthokeratology Lenses". Polymers 13, n. 24 (9 dicembre 2021): 4318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13244318.

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Orthokeratology lenses are commonly used for myopia control, especially in children. Tear lipids and proteins are immediately adsorbed when the lens is put on the cornea, and protein deposition may cause discomfort or infection. Therefore, we established an in vitro protein deposition analysis by mimicking the current cleaning methods for orthokeratology lens wearers for both short-term and long-term period. The results showed that the amounts of tear proteins accumulated daily and achieved a balance after 14 days when the lens was rubbed to clean or not. Protein deposition also affected the optical characteristics of the lens regardless of cleaning methods. Our results provided an in vitro analysis for protein deposition on the lens, and they may provide a potential effective method for developing care solutions or methods that can more effectively remove tear components from orthokeratology lenses.

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46

Jiang, Jun, Lili Lian, Feifu Wang, Ling Zhou, Xuhong Zhang e E. Song. "Comparison of Toric and Spherical Orthokeratology Lenses in Patients with Astigmatism". Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (20 febbraio 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4275269.

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Purpose. This retrospective study aimed at comparing the efficacy and safety of toric and spherical orthokeratology lenses in the treatment of patients with moderate to high astigmatism. Methods. Fifty adolescents with myopia and moderate to high astigmatism (≥1.50 D) who underwent consecutive orthokeratology treatment for at least 1 year were included in this study. The toric group comprised 25 subjects (25 eyes, 11 M, 14 F; age, 10.67 ± 1.46 years) who were fitted with toric orthokeratology lenses. The spherical group comprised 25 subjects (25 subjects, 11 M, 14 F; age, 11.45 ± 1.63 years) who were fitted with traditional spherical orthokeratology lenses as a control. Corneal topography, visual acuity, axial length, and slit-lamp examinations were performed to determine the differences between these two groups. The corneal tangential difference mapping was conducted between baseline and every subsequent visit to calculate the magnitude of lens decentration. The corrective effect of ortho-K lens was measured by using the corneal axial difference map. Results. The mean decentration and its vertical vector were significantly less in the toric group than in the spherical group after 1 month of lens wear. In toric group, the corneal astigmatism decreased from 1.85 ± 0.31 D at baseline to 1.45 ± 0.85 D after the first month of wear. There was a significant linear correlation between the change in corneal astigmatism and lens decentration in the toric group from 1 month to 1 year (Y = 3.268 ∗ X + 0.9182, R2 = 0.5035, p<0.0001 (X: lens decentration; Y: astigmatic changes)). There were no significant differences in the post-OK uncorrected visual acuity, myopia control, or ocular health between the toric and spherical groups. Conclusion. The toric orthokeratology lens design can effectively reduce the lens decentration magnitude and CJ180 from 1-month visit to 12-month visit of patients with high or moderate corneal astigmatism. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in visual acuity, myopia control, and ocular health throughout 12 months. However, the effect of toric lenses on corneal morphology may be susceptible to lens positioning.

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47

Barodawala, Fakhruddin. "RESHAPING TORIC CORNEAS WITH ORTHOKERATOLOGY". Journal of Contact lens Research and Science 6, n. 1 (14 marzo 2022): e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/jclrs.v6i1.49.

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The use of specially designed reverse geometry lenses, known as orthokeratology (ortho-K) lenses, has gained popularity recently. There are various names to this technique: corneal reshaping therapy, corneal refractive therapy, overnight corneal reshaping, corneal molding system, Vision Shaping Treatment, and many more. The advantage of applying this technique is that it results in a temporary reduction of the refractive error by flattening the central cornea with overnight wear of the specially designed lens. Ortho-K lenses are also widely used as a modality for slowing myopia progression in children. With advances in technology and lens design, high refractive errors and astigmatism are now possible to correct. This case presentation summarizes a successful fitting of toric ortho-K lenses to reshape a toric cornea with highmyopia and astigmatism.

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Nagorsky, Pyotr, Nikolai Kikhtenko e Vera Milyukhina. "Orthokeratology lenses and myopia control". Eye 126, n. 2019-2 (giugno 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33791/2222-4408-2019-2-13-20.

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Abstract (sommario):

Purpose: To estimate the stabilizing effect of orthokeratology lenses (ortho-K, OK-lenses) on myopia progression by evaluating axial eye growth dynamics and clinical refraction. Material and methods. Ortho-K group consisted of 68 children (135 eyes) aged 7–17 years (mean age 12.2) with progressive myopia (initially -0.75–6.75 D). Observation period varied from 7 to 30 months (mean period 11.68±4.39). All patients used OK-lenses for overnight wear. The control group consisted of 90 patients (180 eyes) with myopia who were prescribed single vision spectacles for vision correction. Comparative analysis was performed for clinical refraction parameters as well as for axial length (AL). The data was obtained with the use of IOL-Master optical biometer (“Carl Zeiss”). Results. The parameters were stable in patients of ortho-K group: axial length, subjective and objective clinical refraction, the required power of corrective lenses. However, the parameters changed significantly in the control group during the observation period: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) decreased, the required power of corrective lenses increased, the indices of objective clinical refraction strengthened, annual gradient of progression (AGP) amounted to 0.26±0.19 and 0.16±0,39 mm in patients with low and moderate myopia, respectively. Conclusion. The use of OK-lenses ensures a significant deceleration of myopia progression in children. The results obtained suggest a wider use of ortho-K among pediatric ophthalmologists in their clinical practice as it is an effective preventive and therapeutic method for patients with progressive myopia.

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Conway, Martin. "Orthokeratology for soft lens dryness". Eye 22, n. 130 (giugno 2020): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33791/2222-4408-2020-2-22-24.

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Most users of soft contact lenses sooner or later face the problem of dry eyes when wearing them. Despite the development of polymer chemistry for contact lenses, which include additional moisturizing components, this problem is still relevant today. The use of tear substitutes and moisturizers is effective at the initial stage of treatment. In this regard, the appointment of orthokeratological lenses to users with soft contact lenses may be one of the possible solutions, including in patients of presbyopic age.

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50

Nelson, Leonard B. "Orthokeratology Treatment in Pediatric Myopia". Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus 54, n. 3 (1 maggio 2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20170424-01.

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