Tesi sul tema "Orientation sexuelle – Psychologie"
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Demers, Valérie. "Déterminants de l'identité amoureuse et modèle inductif des processus d'influences normatives et individuelles : une perspective profane". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67880.
The forces influencing romantic identity (or self-image as a romantic partner) can take different forms. The scientific literature gives ample evidence of intrapersonal influences (e.g., Andersen & Chen, 2002), and, through attachment theories (e.g.,Zeifman & Hazan, 2008), of interpersonal influences (e.g., parents or romantic partners). However, the levels of analysis proposed by Doise (1982, 1984) suggest that positional influences, stemming from affiliations to social groups (including sex and sexual orientation), and ideological influences, such as social norms, should be considered in addition to those from intrapersonal and interpersonal sources. Indeed, both social identity theory (e.g., Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and a bioecological conception of influences on human development (Bronfenbrenner, 1979) suggest that such factors can influence romantic identity. Embracing a layperson’s perspective, this thesis seeks to identify the elements from Doise’s levels of analysis that individuals, who are not social science specialists, consider as determinants of romantic identity. Another objective is to verify if these elements are associated to sex and sexual orientation, positional influences that are likely to influence them. The thesis also aims to compare the layperson’s perspective emerging from the results to the expert perspectives (i.e., literature). Finally, the thesis endeavors to identify social norms influencing romantic identity and to delineate the processes by which they exert their influence. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 20 adults, of which ten identify as non heterosexual and ten identify as heterosexual (5 women and 5 men in each group). Participants were questioned about the forces that they perceive to influence romantic identity in general, those of positional and ideological nature, and more specifically, about sex and sexual orientation. Results from qualitative content analyses reveal participants’ complex and nuanced outlook on the forces influencing romantic identity. Coherent with the literature, all participants mention intrapersonal elements (e.g., general identity) and all but one cite interpersonal elements. Most of them also evoke positional (e.g., social status) and ideological elements (e.g., sexual roles) as well as mass media. Sex and sexual orientation do not seem associated with a propensity to report elements from a given level of analysis, but they seem to modulate the evocation of specific elements within these levels of analysis. Other content analyses reveal that the social norms evoked by participants can be distinguished into two types of conceptions of romantic relationships. The dominant conception includes norms that describe and value heterosexual relationships, within which partners abide by differentiated sexual roles, and devalue anything that differs from it. In contrast, alternative conceptions of romantic relationships comprise norms that describe and value undifferentiated gender roles, as well as homosexual, gay, and lesbian romantic relationships. An integrative model, applicable to nonheterosexual and heterosexual women and men, describes the processes by which dominant or alternative norms influence romantic identity. Social norms act as standards against which individuals compare their personal characteristics and experiences. Although these comparisons can result in a feeling of consonance, harmony, and positive emotions, most individuals experience feelings of dissonance or incoherence with some dominant norms, negative emotions (e.g., shame, anger) and self-esteem issues. This dissonance pushes them to explore alternative conceptions, to try to reduce it through behavioral or cognitive dissonance management strategies (e.g., justification, clandestinity, questioning the norms) or to develop self-evaluation criteria that promote better self-esteem. Low status individuals, those who belong to disadvantaged or marginalized groups are particularly likely to question, criticize, reject, or revise social norms. In sum, the thesis proposes a broadened and nuanced understanding of the forces influencing romantic identity. It informs on the intrapersonal processes (involving cognitions, emotions, and behaviors) by which social dominant and alternative norms influence the romantic identity of individuals who can accept, question or revise them to favor a positive view of themselves as romantic partner.
Hervieux, René André. "Le rôle de l'orientation sexuelle, la similitude et la beauté physique dans différents contextes d'attirance interpersonnelle". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29243.
Pugnière, Jean-Michel. "L’orientation sexuelle, facteur de suicide et de conduites à risque chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes ? : l’influence de l’homophobie et de la victimation homophobe en milieu scolaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20110.
Several studies (mostly North-American) put into light a significant link between sexual orientation and suicidal behaviors among teenagers and/or young adults. Homophobia to which the young homosexuals are exposed is considered the most serious hypothesis to explain this link. However quantitative studies have never been conducted on this hypothesis in France. We took it into account while carrying out a survey based on a self-questionnaire built up from scales from “Adolescent Risk Inventory” (Lescano & al., 2007), Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – revised” (Linehan, 1989), and Homophobia Scale” (Wright, Adams & Bernat, 1999). Said survey was answered by 475 young women, and 426 young men aged 18-24.Results confirmed oversuicidality among young homo/bisexuals. However, in the analysis conducted on male participants only, sexual orientation ceases to appear a significant predictor of suicide attempts or risk behavior in explanatory models in which variables « Homophobic Verbal Bullying in school » and « Bullying based on Gender nonconformity » are introduced. Said variables turn out to be the strongest predictors of suicidal behaviors among male adolescents and young adults. Young men have mean scores on the homophobia/lesbophobia scale that are significantly higher than young women's, and homophobic verbal bullying seems a lot more common than lesbophobic verbal bullying. Besides, lesbophobic verbal bullying does not have a significant effect on suicidal attempts and risk behaviors among young women. However, internalized lesbophobia has a significant effect on suicidal behaviors of the sub-sample of young women sexually attracted to same-sex individuals or wondering (ASMSQ), whereas internalized homophobia has no effect on ASMSQ young men. This last result is based on a lower population, and should be confirmed by subsequent studies, whereas analysis on all participants highlight the extent of homophobic bullying in school, and its impact on male teenagers and young adults
Maheu, Martine. "Identité et stratégies d'adaptation de femmes en emplois non-traditionnels : une étude exploratoire". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33705.pdf.
Horincq, Rosine. "DU COMING OUT RECENT DES FILLES ET DES FEMMES (LESBIENNES, BISEXUELLES, AUTRES), A L’HETEROSYSTEME". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/251805.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Aziz, Ind. "Attractivité faciale des hommes et préférences des femmes en matière de partenaire sexuel : évolutionnisme et psychologie sociale". Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100085/document.
In this work of thesis, we compared the fitness model explanation with the beautiful is good stereotype point of view to better evaluate the influence of men’s facial attractiveness on women preferences. According to the fitness model, a woman would interpret men’s facial attractiveness as an indicator of their good health (good genetic condition), profitable for the offspring’s survival and reproductive success. But according to studies in the field of cognitive ease (prototype, beautiful is good stereotype), the attractive facial features and the attention that a woman pay to men’s facial attractiveness is explained in terms of easy processing and cognitive economy, which generate positive reactions and would have no reproductive value. We used a software of morphing to create artificial men’s faces among which the masculine vs feminine, the averageness and the symmetry were manipulated. After, we submitted these faces to the evaluation of french and moroccan women on several aspects : facial attractiveness, health, income, meeting, long-term mate. The results suggest that facial attractiveness’s influence on women’s preferences would not only have a reproductive value, and that the cognitive economy allowed by the beautiful is good stereotype would also explain the preferences
Gustafsson, Angelica, e Malin Jason. "Gymnasieungdomars identifiering med den egna sexuella läggningen : Självkänsla, nära socialt stöd, ifrågasättande". Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-340.
Under ungdomsåren sker stora förändringar, både fysiskt och psykiskt. Utforskandet av sexualiteten blir mer aktuell och den sexuella identiteten och den sexuella läggningen kan genomgå förändringar. Viktiga aspekter för att identifiera sig med den sexuella läggningen anses av vissa forskare vara självkänsla, nära socialt stöd och ifrågasättande. Syftet med denna studie är att finna svar på hur mönster av dessa faktorer kan påverka den sexuella identiteten bland gymnasieungdomar. Studien genomfördes med en kvantitativ ansats. En klusteranalys genomfördes för att söka svar på vilka mönster som ökar sannolikheten för att ungdomarna skall identifiera sig med sin egna sexuella läggning. Studien fann att den faktor i mönstret som följer identifiering med den egna sexuella läggningen är självkänsla.
Sirviö, Malin. "Femininitet-maskulinitet och homosexualitet : Bedömning av barns egenskaper och sexuella läggning utifrån porträttbilder". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-38903.
Charbonnier, Elodie. "Spécificités du stress lors de la divulgation de son homosexualité : Spécificités des stratégies de coping, de l’évaluation des risques, du vécu émotionnel et du risque suicidaire lors d’une situation stressante particulière : l’annonce de son homosexualité". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3038.
The literature highlights many signs of suffering present in young homosexuals (addictions, depression, anxiety, suicidal risk ...). According to the minority stress model (Meyer, 1995), this pain can be linked to many stressors faced by homosexuals. The various stressful experiences which they face have been grouped under the term “minority stress”, such as disclosure of their homosexuality. According to the transactional stress model and the minority stress model, this research aims to better understand the course of the disclosure of their homosexuality, and characteristics of the stress during this announcement, compared to others highly stressful situations. Study 1 is a quantitative study which emphasize specificities of stress during the announcement, compared to others stressful situations. Study 2 is a qualitative approach. It aims to complement data from study 1 and to highlight different stages of sexual identity construction.Results of study 1 reflect specificities of stress during the disclosure of their homosexuality. These are found at different levels of stressful transaction (characteristics of the situation, primary assessment, secondary, coping strategies and emotional experience). These results also illustrate the prevalence of homosexuals suicidal risk when faced with a highly stressful situation. Results of study 2 confirm those of study 1, and highlight the complexity construction of sexual identity
Seydoux, Guillaume. "Qu'est-ce qu'une maladie mentale ? : le libre arbitre en question". Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL021.
This dissertation has two main aims : the first is to show that “mental illness” is a subjective concept, which can be defined using foundational philosophical terms ; the second is to expound an argument for Sartre’s thesis of freedom (“existence precedes essence”) based upon certain observations in psychopathology. To begin with, we consider a definition of mental illness formulated by the famous psychiatrist Henri Ey (1900-1977): “Madness consists in the abrogation of free will”. In order to familiarize ourselves with this definition, and to put it to the test, we first examine two examples in depth : tobacco addiction, which psychiatrists have qualified as pathological since the end of the 1990’s, and homosexuality, which they have deemed to be non-pathological since the end of the 1980’s. After arguing that Henri Ey’s definition is incorrect from a philosophical point of view, we offer the following amended version : “Those who seriously believe they have no free will are mentally ill.”; we then confirm that this amended definition is correct, and show that by using it we can, in some cases, answer the question : “Is this mental state pathological, or non-pathological ?”. Finally, we show how the clinical descriptions of the behaviours of severely mentally-ill patients support Sartre’s thesis of freedom by rendering any formulation of a law of human behaviour impossible
Vápenka, Aleš. "Geschlechterstereotype und Geschlechtsidentität von Männern mit unterschiedlichem Verlauf der psychosexuellen Entwicklung". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5317/.
The aim of the present explorative-comparative study was to find out to which extent the biologically determined differences as well as socialization conditions in the psychosexual development of hetero-, homo- and transsexual men (N = 191) affect the integration of the gender stereotypes in cognitive (self-perception und perception of the others), emotional (appraisal of self and the others), and behavioral aspects (norms of gender behavior) of gender identity, as well as to deduce identification patterns in the development of the gender self-concept. The GERO-scale by Brengelmann und Hendrich (1990) was used to measure the cognitive aspects of the self-concept of gender (masculinity and femininity). The collected data of masculinity and femininity were further processed using the computer-operated Identity Structure Analysis based method IDEXMONO and IDEXIDIO (Weinreich, 2003) to detect the emotional aspects and identification patterns of the development of the self-concept of gender. Furthermore, the questionnaire of normative gender role orientation by Athenstaedt (2000) and an ad hoc designed demographic questionnaire were applied. The results show that the course of the psychosexual development has a strong impact upon the integration of the gender stereotypes in gender related self-perception and perception of others. As for cognitive aspects related to personal identity (grade of self-attribution of masculine and feminine traits), the masculinity represents a stable and desirable variable in the construction of the self-concept of gender in all samples. The femininity contributes the most to the differentiation between hetero-, homo- and trans-sexuals. Femininity has been integrated in the gender self-concept to a different extent, depending on the phase of the psychosexual development. As for social identity (feeling of social affiliation), there are differences among the samples in self-perceived similarities to both masculine and feminine persons, depending on the phase of the psychosexual development. The social perception of men and women (perception of the others) is more traditionally oriented in transsexuals than in hetero- and homosexuals. There are no significant differences in the appraisal of self and the others. As for the internalization of the social norms of gender specific behavior, heterosexuals are more egalitarian in their attitude towards the practice of gender roles than homo- and transsexuals. The examination of the socialization conditions shows that in general, feminine identification persons have a stronger impact upon the construction of self-concept of gender than masculine ones. However, it seems as though women have a stronger impact upon the construction of self-concept of gender in homosexuals than in the other groups. A discriminant analysis was computed to answer the question which self-related variables and developmental factors have the strongest statistical importance for the division and prediction of the samples. The variables “stereotypic perception of masculine persons” and “ego-involvement with feminine persons” have the strongest discriminant importance for the discriminant function 1 (division of transsexuals from hetero- and homosexuals) and the variables “empathic identification with masculine persons in the past” and “growth of empathic identification with feminine persons” for the discriminant function 2 (division of heterosexuals from homosexuals).
Pugnière, Jean-Michel. "L’orientation sexuelle, facteur de suicide et de conduites à risque chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes ? : l’influence de l’homophobie et de la victimation homophobe en milieu scolaire". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20110/document.
Several studies (mostly North-American) put into light a significant link between sexual orientation and suicidal behaviors among teenagers and/or young adults. Homophobia to which the young homosexuals are exposed is considered the most serious hypothesis to explain this link. However quantitative studies have never been conducted on this hypothesis in France. We took it into account while carrying out a survey based on a self-questionnaire built up from scales from “Adolescent Risk Inventory” (Lescano & al., 2007), Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – revised” (Linehan, 1989), and Homophobia Scale” (Wright, Adams & Bernat, 1999). Said survey was answered by 475 young women, and 426 young men aged 18-24.Results confirmed oversuicidality among young homo/bisexuals. However, in the analysis conducted on male participants only, sexual orientation ceases to appear a significant predictor of suicide attempts or risk behavior in explanatory models in which variables « Homophobic Verbal Bullying in school » and « Bullying based on Gender nonconformity » are introduced. Said variables turn out to be the strongest predictors of suicidal behaviors among male adolescents and young adults. Young men have mean scores on the homophobia/lesbophobia scale that are significantly higher than young women's, and homophobic verbal bullying seems a lot more common than lesbophobic verbal bullying. Besides, lesbophobic verbal bullying does not have a significant effect on suicidal attempts and risk behaviors among young women. However, internalized lesbophobia has a significant effect on suicidal behaviors of the sub-sample of young women sexually attracted to same-sex individuals or wondering (ASMSQ), whereas internalized homophobia has no effect on ASMSQ young men. This last result is based on a lower population, and should be confirmed by subsequent studies, whereas analysis on all participants highlight the extent of homophobic bullying in school, and its impact on male teenagers and young adults
Malinowska, Marcelina, e David Stolt. "”Homosexualitet är någonting hemskt och jag är på grund av det helt värdelös.” : Homosexuella personers upplevelser och hantering av minoritetsstress i Sverige". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159994.
Minoritetsstress hos hbtqi-personer: Upplevelser och coping
Fortin, Mélissa. "Étude exploratoire des liens entre les dimensions de l'orientation sexuelle bisexuelle et la santé mentale". Thèse, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3155/1/D1936.pdf.
Kheloui, Sarah. "Les corrélats du sexe et du genre dans les différences sexuelles du fonctionnement cognitif : une étude exploratoire". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25191.
The correlates of sexually dimorphic cognition are not yet fully understood since many biological and psychosocial variables modulate these cognitive abilities in synergy. Sex and gender correlates of sexually dimorphic cognition were assessed in a sample of individuals ages 18-45 years (N=87) from diverse sexual orientations. Sex hormones (estradiol, testosterone and progesterone) were assessed via saliva samples at four timepoints throughout testing. Gender-roles, sexual orientation and socio-demographics were measured via self-report questionnaires. Contraception being an important variability factor was assessed via self-report questionnaires. Participants completed mental rotation and verbal fluency tasks as well as the Trier Social Stress Test afterwards. The stress reactivity aspect was evaluated but was not one of the main objectives of the current study as previous publications have investigated this already. Men performed better than women at mental rotation, while no significant difference was found for verbal fluency. Significant positive associations were observed between estradiol and word fluency for the naturally cycling women compared to the women using oral contraception but not for progesterone and testosterone. While controlling for sex hormones, a significant interaction effect of sex and gender-roles was identified showing that masculine women performed better than other women groups at the mental rotation task. These exploratory results suggest an effect principally driven by sex and sex hormones on cognitive performance that may also be influenced by psychosocial factors.
L'Archevêque, Alexandre. "Étude exploratoire des contextes d'accès à la parentalité et des facteurs contribuant à l'intégration identitaire chez les pères gais". Thèse, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2732/1/D1877.pdf.
Jodoin, Emilie. "Contribution de l'orientation sexuelle de la mère à l'identité de genre des enfants en fonction de l'âge et du sexe des enfants". Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3915/1/D2136.pdf.
D'Amico, Émilie. "Dévoilement de l'orientation sexuelle à la famille d'origine et adaptation des jeunes gais, lesbiennes et bisexuels". Thèse, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3764/1/D1989.pdf.