Bibliografie tematiche / Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 26 luglio 2024
Ultima modifica: 27 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

1

Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun e John Van Reenen. "The Organization of Firms Across Countries*". Quarterly Journal of Economics 127, n. 4 (1 novembre 2012): 1663–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qje029.

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Abstract We argue that social capital as proxied by trust increases aggregate productivity by affecting the organization of firms. To do this we collect new data on the decentralization of investment, hiring, production, and sales decisions from corporate headquarters to local plant managers in almost 4,000 firms in the United States, Europe, and Asia. We find that firms headquartered in high-trust regions are significantly more likely to decentralize. To help identify causal effects, we look within multinational firms and show that higher levels of bilateral trust between the multinational’s country of origin and subsidiary’s country of location increases decentralization, even after instrumenting trust using religious similarities between the countries. Finally, we show evidence suggesting that trust raises aggregate productivity by facilitating reallocation between firms and allowing more efficient firms to grow, as CEOs can decentralize more decisions.
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2

Henisz, Witold J., e Oliver E. Williamson. "Comparative Economic Organization—Within and Between Countries". Business and Politics 1, n. 3 (novembre 1999): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bap.1999.1.3.261.

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This paper explores the implications of going beyond transaction cost theory's implicit focus on domestic investors to include multinational actors. As developed herein, the discriminating alignment between the level of hazards (contractual and/or political) and the mode of governance carries over. In the open-economy context, such an alignment reflects the hazards that arise from the nature of the transaction and those that arise from the nature of the political and regulatory environment.
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3

Singh, Meharban, e V. K. Paul. "Organization of neonatal services in developing countries". Indian Journal of Pediatrics 62, n. 2 (marzo 1995): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02752319.

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4

Fenton, Kathleen N., Sergio Hernandez Castillo, Carlos Duarte Claro e William M. Novick. "Teamwork and Program Organization in Developing Countries". World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 2, n. 2 (aprile 2011): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135110395334.

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5

Horberry, John. "International organization and EIA in developing countries". Environmental Impact Assessment Review 5, n. 3 (settembre 1985): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(85)90002-2.

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6

Nikiforov, Aleksandr V. "Legal Practice Organization Models in Foreign Countries". Advocate’s practice 1 (12 gennaio 2023): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1999-4826-2023-1-44-49.

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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of organization of collective bar associations in countries with different indexes of economic freedom: Switzerland, the Netherlands, Romania and Venezuela. The author analyses the mandatory elements of the organizational structure of some collective bar associations, the peculiarities of bar organization depending on the degree of the state influence on the economy, analyses the legislation on advocacy in each of the above countries and evaluates the possibility of establishing lawyers’ associations without having a legal entity status and being organized for cooperation as a lawyer in the Russian Federation. The author examines the possibility of creation of lawyers’ associations in any organizationallegal forms, known to the national legislation and possibility of expansion of forms of lawyers’ associations in the Russian Federation provided by the foreign legislation.
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7

Zhong, Peng, Tao Wu e Shuaixin Guo. "How developing countries should choose their financial regulatory framework? Empirical Analysis Based on Data from 62 Countries". E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123501010.

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This paper adopts the orderly logit model which has achieved good results in the research of financial supervision organization structure in recent years, selects 62 representative countries as samples, estimates and analyzes the factors that affect the financial supervision organization structure change, and carries on the empirical test to the constructed model, thus provides the reference basis for developing countries to select their own financial supervision organization structure.
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Sansoucy, Rene. "The role of aid organization". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1990 (marzo 1990): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600018304.

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Abstract (sommario):
Experience over three decades of international projects aimed at assisting developing countries has shown that direct transfer of technology from developed countries has widely failed in the sector of Animal Production as in many other sectors. At best this transfer of technology has led to systems requiring high levels of imports in capital, feeds, genetically high producing animals and equipment, which require external technical assistance. These imported inputs which are usually highly subsidized have to a certain extent sometimes allowed a substantial improvement in output levels (eg. in poultry production). In some cases self-sufficiency has been attained, but never self-reliance. This has maintained or increased the dependency of developing countries. Therefore there is a need to base projects on a technology which is more appropriate and may be acceptable and profitable to the beneficiaries.
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Pobedinskiy, G. G., A. N. Prusakov e L. I. Yablonski. "Topographic and geodetic service organization of foreign countries". Geodesy and Cartography 897, n. 3 (20 aprile 2015): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2015-897-3-14-21.

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10

Pobedinskiy, G. G., L. I. Yablonski e A. N. Prusakov. "Topographic and geodetic service organization of foreign countries". Geodesy and Cartography 898, n. 4 (22 maggio 2015): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2015-898-4-2-12.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

1

Litvinova, Maria. "Essays on Firm Boundaries and Firm Organization in Transition countries". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368510.

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Abstract (sommario):
For a long time economic theory argued that the level of economic development depends on the allocation of production factors both between and within economies. However, it is rarely underlined that allocation depends on organizational decisions and management, especially on organizational decisions within and across firms. Understanding such decisions through both empirical studies and theory is highly important. It may enable us to understand the microeconomic roots of macroeconomic patterns. This thesis conducts at the empirical analysis of organizational decisions that may potentially influence aggregate performance. It shows connection of the organizational decisions with both the economic environment and firm characteristics. The focus is on transition countries, after the massive privatization period. The reasons are threefold: i) essential differences that emerged in performances of countries with similar heritages and starting points ii) the need to quantify the impact of “complementary†reforms after privatization iii) the mis-match between the expectations and the results of building a market-oriented environment. Following a first chapter overviewing the economic context, theoretical positioning and empirical framework, the thesis contains four studies. The first two studies (Chapter 2 and Chapter 3) are devoted to firm boundaries decisions as one of the key organizational decisions. By using the cross-section data of the EBRD-World Bank Business Environment Enterprise Survey (BEEPS III) and utilizing the predictions of Antràs and Helpman's global sourcing modelling, I study the industry-level incidence of integration and firm-level decisions to redefine firm boundaries. Both studies highlight the importance of both technological and institutional factors. Moreover, the second study presents the firm-level perspective and highlights the importance of firm propensity to change. The third study (Chapter 4) is focused on changes of internal firm organization and their connection with international trade liberalization. It provides preliminary answers to the following questions: (i) what drives flattening decisions, and (ii) whether flatter structures may be associated with a higher degree of control. By using the Management, Organization and Innovation (MOI) Survey, this study provides new evidence on the positive connection between increased competition from imports and firm flattening in transition countries. It also suggests that flattening may have more centralization features than is usually assumed. The fourth study (Chapter 5) explores the connection between management quality and corruption. By using the BEEPS V cross-section data, I underline the general negative connection between the management quality and different kinds of corruption over the period 2011-2014. However, the results also indicate the existence of idiosyncratic links between corruption and quality of management in some transition countries. As a result, the thesis contributes to the literature by advancing the state-of-the-art knowledge on firm organization in transition countries over the period 2005-2014. First, it identifies significant differences between country groups, namely EU and non-EU transition countries. The differences are persistent and characteristic for all the types of organizational change considered in the thesis, as well as the link between management and corruption. In particular, in non EU-transition countries, these differences are due to country-level and firm-level idiosyncrasy. Second, the thesis evidences that, regardless of numerous reforms of the business environment, firms in transition countries are rarely subject to organizational changes. However, a small number of firms subject to organizational changes significantly out-perform their counterparts. Consequently, it is important to understand what features of the economic environment or characteristics of firms prevent such efficiency-enhancing changes. Third, the thesis shows that firms in transition countries differ in their internal organizational structures, which they adjust to changes in product market competition. However, the intensity of these adjustments is heterogeneous across countries and industries. Fourth, a negative connection between management quality and corruption indicates that further simplification of business regulations and anti-corruption measures would unquestionably enhance the quality of management in EU transition countries both at the firm and at the country level. However, similar measures are not equally efficient for non-EU transition countries, because the link is idiosyncratic in these countries at the firm level. This thesis provides new evidence on the significant role of contractual links, technology complexity, product market competition and corruption in explaining the gap between micro-behavior and macro-objectives. However, the results put forward the need for i) a bottom-up approach, with firm behavior being analyzed and considered as an underlying force of aggregate and international performance, and ii) theories that account for firm organizational adjustments, because such adjustments may significantly alter our understanding of international trade gains and the channels through which efficiency enhancing reforms act and affect industrial reorganization.
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2

Litvinova, Maria. "Essays on Firm Boundaries and Firm Organization in Transition countries". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2016. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1890/1/PhDthesis_Litvinova_19Dec.pdf.

Testo completo
Abstract (sommario):
For a long time economic theory argued that the level of economic development depends on the allocation of production factors both between and within economies. However, it is rarely underlined that allocation depends on organizational decisions and management, especially on organizational decisions within and across firms. Understanding such decisions through both empirical studies and theory is highly important. It may enable us to understand the microeconomic roots of macroeconomic patterns. This thesis conducts at the empirical analysis of organizational decisions that may potentially influence aggregate performance. It shows connection of the organizational decisions with both the economic environment and firm characteristics. The focus is on transition countries, after the massive privatization period. The reasons are threefold: i) essential differences that emerged in performances of countries with similar heritages and starting points ii) the need to quantify the impact of “complementary” reforms after privatization iii) the mis-match between the expectations and the results of building a market-oriented environment. Following a first chapter overviewing the economic context, theoretical positioning and empirical framework, the thesis contains four studies. The first two studies (Chapter 2 and Chapter 3) are devoted to firm boundaries decisions as one of the key organizational decisions. By using the cross-section data of the EBRD-World Bank Business Environment Enterprise Survey (BEEPS III) and utilizing the predictions of Antràs and Helpman's global sourcing modelling, I study the industry-level incidence of integration and firm-level decisions to redefine firm boundaries. Both studies highlight the importance of both technological and institutional factors. Moreover, the second study presents the firm-level perspective and highlights the importance of firm propensity to change. The third study (Chapter 4) is focused on changes of internal firm organization and their connection with international trade liberalization. It provides preliminary answers to the following questions: (i) what drives flattening decisions, and (ii) whether flatter structures may be associated with a higher degree of control. By using the Management, Organization and Innovation (MOI) Survey, this study provides new evidence on the positive connection between increased competition from imports and firm flattening in transition countries. It also suggests that flattening may have more centralization features than is usually assumed. The fourth study (Chapter 5) explores the connection between management quality and corruption. By using the BEEPS V cross-section data, I underline the general negative connection between the management quality and different kinds of corruption over the period 2011-2014. However, the results also indicate the existence of idiosyncratic links between corruption and quality of management in some transition countries. As a result, the thesis contributes to the literature by advancing the state-of-the-art knowledge on firm organization in transition countries over the period 2005-2014. First, it identifies significant differences between country groups, namely EU and non-EU transition countries. The differences are persistent and characteristic for all the types of organizational change considered in the thesis, as well as the link between management and corruption. In particular, in non EU-transition countries, these differences are due to country-level and firm-level idiosyncrasy. Second, the thesis evidences that, regardless of numerous reforms of the business environment, firms in transition countries are rarely subject to organizational changes. However, a small number of firms subject to organizational changes significantly out-perform their counterparts. Consequently, it is important to understand what features of the economic environment or characteristics of firms prevent such efficiency-enhancing changes. Third, the thesis shows that firms in transition countries differ in their internal organizational structures, which they adjust to changes in product market competition. However, the intensity of these adjustments is heterogeneous across countries and industries. Fourth, a negative connection between management quality and corruption indicates that further simplification of business regulations and anti-corruption measures would unquestionably enhance the quality of management in EU transition countries both at the firm and at the country level. However, similar measures are not equally efficient for non-EU transition countries, because the link is idiosyncratic in these countries at the firm level. This thesis provides new evidence on the significant role of contractual links, technology complexity, product market competition and corruption in explaining the gap between micro-behavior and macro-objectives. However, the results put forward the need for i) a bottom-up approach, with firm behavior being analyzed and considered as an underlying force of aggregate and international performance, and ii) theories that account for firm organizational adjustments, because such adjustments may significantly alter our understanding of international trade gains and the channels through which efficiency enhancing reforms act and affect industrial reorganization.
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3

Mimoso, José Carlos Pinto. "The Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries Organization : A Strategic Analysis as a Security Enhancement Intergovernmental Organization". Master's thesis, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/4409.

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Abstract (sommario):
The current wide-ranging and complex relations in the international environment demand a comprehensive approach to challenges in world security. Regional organizations play a decisive role in the peaceful settlement of disputes and conflict prevention. This is especially important in Africa given the many enduring problems that affect this continent. Considering that security is a basic condition for development and prosperity, this study aims to assess the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) organization’s ability to promote stability in its African member states and the CPLP’s aptitude to help resolve a crisis situation and return to stability. The research concluded that the CPLP is an intergovernmental organization capable of enhancing the security of its African country members. Even without an organizational defined policy towards defense and security, CPLP developed a Defense Cooperation Protocol that defined the overarching goals to promote defense cooperation among the CPLP members and defined a defense structure for the organization. The Community also demonstrated its capabilities through the political and diplomatic dialogue concerning the stability in its African country members. This commitment allowed the Community to play an important role in addressing crisis situations within its members and led to the international community recognizing these actions.
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4

Olsson, Emilie, e Lina Green. "Leadership effectiveness : The view from four countries". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-983.

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Abstract (sommario):

- Summary -

- Is it possible to find an ideal leader that would be perceived as effective in four different countries? -

- What characteristics would this ideal leader have if taking the cultures and the countries’ different perspectives of effective leadership into consideration? -

The purpose with this thesis is to find an ideal leader that would be perceived as effective in four countries; Sweden, Great Britain, France and Germany. Due to the globalization of today it is not enough to be perceived as effective in one company or by one nation. An effective manager must have skills that are perceived as effective by many different people, despite cultural differences.

In order to find characteristics for this ideal leader our focus have been on finding similarities within the four countries and to determine what effectiveness means in each country. A questionnaire containing 41 questions about leadership effectiveness was formed and sent out to approximately 200-300 employees within the private sector in each country, whereas they needed to answer the questions with their current manager in mind. The result of this was 58 respondents from Sweden, 35 from Great Britain, 53 from France and 77 from Germany. To be able to develop this questionnaire and include as many aspects of leadership effectiveness as possible, three theories about leadership effectiveness were used as a ground base. A fourth theory represents cultural dimensions and thereby characteristics of the four countries, together with a general description of the stereotypical characteristic in each country. When the answers from the questionnaire were compiled, the theory and the descriptions concerning the cultural aspects were used as a comparison to the answers in order to get as legitimate facts as possible about the characteristics from each country.

The analysis mainly focus on correlations between certain questions, as this provide us with a better understanding of what aspects are important in relation to whether the manager is perceived as effective or not. The last question in the questionnaire, Q 41 if the manager is perceived as effective by others in the organization, has been seen as the most important question in relation to our topic and therefore it has been correlated with the rest of the questions (except for one question). The questions have been placed in different categories depending on what aspects they concern, and also in relation to what similarities the questions have, and this resulted in 13 indicators. Another group was added, which contained of three questions that did not fit anywhere in the 13 indicators. These indicators includes, among other things, charisma, structuring, communication skills, participation etc. In order to understand what aspects that were important in each country, correlations between Q 41 and the indicators where made and thereby a clearer picture appeared to us, about what characteristics the ideal leader should have.

After analyzing back and forth, three aspects/indicators were concluded to be the most important for a leader to be perceived as effective in all the four countries. These aspects concern the human aspect as well as concern for task, and an ability to lead the followers in a way that make them perform their best. The final characteristics that our ideal leader must have, among others, is to lead by setting an example, be optimistic, create team spirit and communicate information in an understandable way. We believe this information and the results from this thesis will provide us with useful and valuable knowledge in our future working life. However, the journey has been though and we have met several set-backs on the route. The hardest thing has been to get in contact with companies in the different countries and even harder to get the employees to answer our questionnaire. Still, we consider that the amount of respondents from each country have been enough to regard our results as valid.

- An ideal leader must, in order to be perceived as effective in the four different countries, be charismatic, have good communications skills, and put emphasis on team building among her or his employees. -

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5

Casini, Paolo. "The industrial organization of financial services in developing and developed countries". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210176.

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Abstract (sommario):
In the first part of the thesis I focus on credit markets in developing countries, and describe the competitive interaction between Microfinance Institutions (MFIs).

Microfinance has recently attracted a lot of attention from investors, politicians, scholars and, most of all, people working on development. As a results, a huge number of MFIs are being created all over the world so that, as of today, practitioners reckon that about 100 millions of customers are being served. Remarkably, about 67% of them are women.

The reason of this extraordinary effort is that Microfinance is considered the most promising development tool currently available. This belief is based on two important features of Microfinance: (i) It promises to be financially viable (and in some cases even profitable) since poor people have proven to be reliable clients. As a result, Microfinance is potentially a zero-cost development tool. (ii) It hinges on the entrepreneurial abilities of the poor. It is designed to help the poor to help themselves, in their own home countries, by allowing them to use their skills, ideas and potentials. This should progressively make developing countries independent of rich ones' help.

The growth of Microfinance has been so fast that many issues and related research questions are still not answered. In my thesis I try to address one of them, that I believe particularly important: the increase of competition between MFIs. As economic theory predicts, competition can have dramatic consequences in terms of borrower welfare, profitability of the institutions and, therefore, on the attractiveness of the business for potential investors, donors and entrants. I use the tools of industrial organization and contract theory to understand these effects, measure them, and give some interesting policy advice.

In the first paper, I analyze the effects of entry of a new MFI in a previously monopolistic microcredit market. In order to catch the salient features of financial markets in developing countries, I use a model of asymmetric information and assume that institutions can offer only one type of contract. I consider different behavioral assumptions for the MFIs and study their influence on equilibrium predictions. The model allows showing that competition can lead to equilibria in which MFIs differentiate their contracts in order to screen borrowers. This process can, unfortunately, make the poor borrowers worse off. Interestingly, the screening process we describe creates a previously unexplored source of credit rationing. I also prove that the presence in the market of an altruistic MFI, reduces rationing and, via this channel, affects positively the competitor's profit.

In the second paper, I study the effects of competition in those markets in which, due to the absence of credit bureaus, small entrepreneurs can simultaneously borrow from more than one institution. As in the first paper, I analyze an oligopolistic microcredit market characterized by asymmetric information and institutions that can offer only one type of contract. The main contribution is to show that appropriate contract design can eliminate the ex-ante incentives for multiple borrowing. Moreover, when the market is still largely unserved and particularly risky, a screening strategy leading to con-

tract differentiation and credit rationing is unambiguously the most effective to avoid multiple borrowing. The result of this paper can also be read as important robustness checks of the findings of my first paper.

In the last part of the thesis, I depart from the analysis of developing countries to consider, more generally, the corporate governance of financial infrastructures. The efficient functioning of financial markets relies more and more on the presence of infrastructures providing services like clearing, settlement, messaging and many others. The last years have been characterized by interesting dynamics in the ownership regime of these service providers. Both mutualizations and de-mutualizations took place, together with entry and exit of different players.

Starting from this observation, in the last paper (with Joachim Keller), we analyze the effects of competitive interaction between differently owned financial providers. We mainly focus on the incentives to invest in safety enhancing measures and we describe the different equilibrium market configurations. We use a model in which agents need an input service for the financial market they operate in. They can decide whether to provide it them selves by forming a Cooperative or outsource it from a Third Party Provider. We prove that the co-existence of differently governed infrastructures leads to a significant reduction in the investment in safety. In most cases, monopolistic provision is preferable to competition. Moreover, the decision rule used within the Cooperative plays a central role in determining the optimal market configuration.

All in all, throughout my thesis, I use the tools of industrial organization and contract theory to model the competitive interaction of the different actors operating in financial markets. Understanding the dynamics typical of developing countries can help in gaining a deeper comprehension of the markets in richer countries, and vice-versa. I am convinced that analyzing the differences and the similarities of financial markets in different regions of the world can be of great importance for economic theorists, in that it provides a counterfactual for the assumptions and the results on which our predictions and policy advices are based.


Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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6

Wardiwiyono, Sartini. "Islamic corporate social responsibility disclosure in Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34138/.

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Abstract (sommario):
As Islam does not recognize the separation between sacred and secular matters, it requires all economics activities to be carried out in accordance to shariah. As a result, the need for shariah approved companies (SACs) becomes undeniable. Similar to the Western setting, Islamic CSR disclosure has also become an important issue for SACs. Nevertheless, studies on Islamic CSR disclosure are limited. Most of the prior studies focus on CSR disclosure by Islamic financial institution. They also tend to utilize the concept of CSR disclosure from the West, leading to the need for understanding CSR and its disclosure from an Islamic perspective. The aim of this study is to investigate Islamic corporate social responsibility disclosure by SACs in Organization Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. Particularly, it is intended to achieve four specific objectives: firstly, to develop an Islamic CSR disclosure instrument that can measure the level of Islamic CSR disclosure; secondly, to document the content and level of Islamic CSR disclosure in the sample of OIC countries; thirdly, to identify the differences in Islamic CSR disclosure across OIC countries; and fourthly, to determine factors influencing Islamic CSR disclosure level in OIC countries. This study applied deductive reasoning based on the concept of tawhid and maqasid ashshari’ah as well as current literature on CSR disclosure to develop Islamic CSR disclosure instrument. Then, the instrument was used as a benchmark for documenting the content and level of Islamic CSR disclosure in annual reports of SACs through content analysis. A total of 90 SACs from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan were selected as the sample of the study. Next, qualitative comparison analysis was applied to identify the differences in the content of Islamic CSR disclosure across OIC countries. Additionally, quantitative comparison using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskall Wallis test were also applied to identify whether there was any difference in the level of Islamic CSR disclosure across countries. Lastly, this study performed regression analyses to test six hypotheses formulated based on prior studies and the existing theories. In turn, the findings of the analyses were used to identify the determinants of Islamic CSR disclosure level in the sample of OIC countries. The empirical investigation observed several findings. Firstly, the results of the content analysis show that SACs in the sample countries disclosed 34% of the benchmark, on average. Employee category was considered as the most disclosed category followed by shareholder, community, environment, customer, government, debtor, supplier and other business partners. Secondly, there were noticeable differences in Islamic CSR disclosure by SACs from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan. In general, Indonesian SACs tended to focus their disclosure on social and environmental issues, whereas Malaysian SACs tended to focus on economical issues. For Pakistani SACs, their disclosure was more religious. Thirdly, the regression analyses found state-ownership, company size, and country variable as significant variables in determining Islamic CSR disclosure. In more specific analyses conducted by category, the results provided evidence for state-ownership, company size, country, profitability, industry sensitivity and media exposure as significant determinants of Islamic CSR disclosure level. All regression models observed in this study can be considered good as the values of adjusted R2 ranged from 37% to 59%. This study may have contribution for knowledge, methodological, theoretical and practical. In term of knowledge contribution, this study introduces the notion of dual responsibilities, Islamic CSR pyramid and Islamic CSR disclosure instrument. For methodological contribution, this study offers three different measurements to gauge the quality of Islamic CSR disclosure, which are quantitative index, comprehensiveness index, and Islamic index. With regard to the theoretical contribution, this study may provide an opportunity to understand CSR disclosure in a well-defined and different cultural that happens to be driven by religion. Additionally, it provides an initial conclusion that CSR from the West has a potential to bridge Islamic accounting and accounting from the mainstream theory. Lastly, the practical contribution of this study is that it may help Islamic capital market regulator in enhancing the screening process of SACs. Additionally, it may guide manager and business practitioners how to operate their business in accordance to shari’ah if they want to remain acceptable in Islamic countries or Muslim majority countries.
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7

Hau, Le Nguyen, e University of Western Sydney. "Relationships between organization characteristics and needs for management training in developing countries". THESIS_XXX_MIBAS_Hau_L.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/375.

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Abstract (sommario):
Management training has been considered as an important issue attracting the interest of several individuals and organizations in both developed and developing countries. Moreover, empirical evidence shows that there are differences in many aspects of management training that may result from different features of organizations and countries concerned. However, there has been little research on the relationships between organizational characteristics and the need for management training, especially in developing countries. An understanding of these relationships will not only help organizations in developing their human resources but also help training suppliers in their marketing strategies. This research attempts to take a first step towards integrating theories and empirical findings into a conceptual framework that describes the above-mentioned relationship in developing countries. In particular, the research identifies and tests the impact of particular organizational indicators on the needs for training of task-related and people-related skills for both upper and lower managers. The results confirm that types of industry, technological characteristics, ownership, organizational structure, size and business environment, etc., are among variables explaining the training needs of various kinds in a company. The results would also provide regression models as tools in assessing training needs for management skills at various companies. However, it is the perceived needs rather than the real needs that is the concern of trainers, because perceptions lead to action, i.e., their business opportunities. Lastly, the direction for further studies is proposed, including the impact of macro variables, featured for developed and developing countries, and of variables that interfere with the process of transferring from real needs to perceived needs
Master of Commerce (Hons) (Marketing)
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8

Eagleton-Pierce, Matthew. "Uncovering Symbolic Power Power Analysis, Southern Countries, and the world Trade Organization". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503987.

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9

Hau, Le Nguyen. "Relationships between organization characteristics and needs for management training in developing countries". Thesis, View thesis, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/375.

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Management training has been considered as an important issue attracting the interest of several individuals and organizations in both developed and developing countries. Moreover, empirical evidence shows that there are differences in many aspects of management training that may result from different features of organizations and countries concerned. However, there has been little research on the relationships between organizational characteristics and the need for management training, especially in developing countries. An understanding of these relationships will not only help organizations in developing their human resources but also help training suppliers in their marketing strategies. This research attempts to take a first step towards integrating theories and empirical findings into a conceptual framework that describes the above-mentioned relationship in developing countries. In particular, the research identifies and tests the impact of particular organizational indicators on the needs for training of task-related and people-related skills for both upper and lower managers. The results confirm that types of industry, technological characteristics, ownership, organizational structure, size and business environment, etc., are among variables explaining the training needs of various kinds in a company. The results would also provide regression models as tools in assessing training needs for management skills at various companies. However, it is the perceived needs rather than the real needs that is the concern of trainers, because perceptions lead to action, i.e., their business opportunities. Lastly, the direction for further studies is proposed, including the impact of macro variables, featured for developed and developing countries, and of variables that interfere with the process of transferring from real needs to perceived needs
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Hau, Le Nguyen. "Relationships between organization characteristics and needs for management training in developing countries /". View thesis, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030902.102507/index.html.

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Libri sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

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Institutt, Norsk Utenrikspolitisk, a cura di. Samarbeid Norge-OPEC: Muligheter og implikasjoner. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt, 1986.

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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Vienna, Austria: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, 2000.

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Gupta, Anshu Man. WTO and South Asian countries. Kolkata: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies, 2004.

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Michalopoulos, Constantine. WTO accession for countries in transition. Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, 1998.

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Khalid, Rasheed. The World Trade Organization and the developing countries. Vienna: OPEC Fund for International Development, 1999.

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Michalopoulos, Constantine. Developing countries' participation in the World Trade Organization. Washington, DC: World Bank and World Trade Organization, 1998.

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P, Trachtman Joel, e Thomas Chantal 1971-, a cura di. Developing countries in the WTO. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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1948-, Díaz-Bonilla Eugenio, Frandsen Søren Elkjær e Robinson Sherman, a cura di. WTO negotiations and agricultural trade liberalization: The effect of developed countries' policies on developing countries. Wallingford Oxfordshire, UK: CABI Pub., 2006.

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India, Export-Import Bank of, a cura di. Mercosur, a gateway to Latin American countries. Mumbai: Quest Publications, 2002.

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Ratnovski, Lev. Public financial institutions in developed countries: Organization and oversight. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Monetary and Capital Markets Dept., 2006.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

1

Yunus, Muhammad. "9. Grameen Bank: Organization and Operation". In Microenterprises in Developing Countries, 144–62. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780440163.009.

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Harris, Phil. "Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)". In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Interest Groups, Lobbying and Public Affairs, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13895-0_188-1.

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Hamann, Edmund T., Saloshna Vandeyar e Juan Sánchez García. "Organization of Schooling in Three Countries". In A Companion to Organizational Anthropology, 519–37. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118325513.ch26.

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Harris, Phil. "Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)". In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Interest Groups, Lobbying and Public Affairs, 981–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44556-0_188.

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Citaristi, Ileana. "Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries". In The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2022, 731–32. 24a ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003292548-130.

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Harris, Phil. "Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)". In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Interest Groups, Lobbying and Public Affairs, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13895-0_188-2.

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Nakaizumi, Takuya. "IA Procedure and Organization in the U.S." In Impact Assessment for Developing Countries, 37–49. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5494-8_4.

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Arshad, Shaista. "Overview of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation". In Stock Markets in Islamic Countries, 15–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47803-6_3.

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Turner, Barry. "Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)". In The Stateman’s Yearbook, 73–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-74024-6_106.

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Turner, Barry. "Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)". In The Stateman’s Yearbook, 74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-74024-6_107.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

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Wang, Yu. "Influence of International Crude Oil Price Fluctuations on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Member Countries and Observer Countries". In 2016 International Conference on Education, Management and Computer Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemc-16.2016.206.

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Bilai, Ivan, e Yevhenii Mykhailiuk. "ORGANIZATION INDEPENDENT LEARNING OF PHARMACIST IN THE POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION". In Relevant Issues of the Development of Science in Central and Eastern European Countries. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-11-2_28.

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Li, Chunhua. "A Comparative Study of Non-Profit Organization Accounting between Chinese and Western Countries". In 2014 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology (ICIBET 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icibet-14.2014.52.

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Gutbrod, Max. "Challenges for Democratic State Budget Organization". In The XX International Scientific Conference "Functioning of Investments Financed from State Resources and from Other Sources in The Countries of Central And Eastern Europe". Temida 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/ipf.2022.02.

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This thought piece is to, at a high level, address modern challenges to the manner budgets are organized in democratic states. To my mind, those challenges are manyfold and interlinked. Therefore, addressing them is dependent on an understanding of all of them. Clearly, each of the mentioned challenges in itself is intricate and deserves detailed attention. In order for the mentioned interlinks and the need for a succinct reduction of complex issues to succinct metrics become plausible I have chosen to here address the mentioned challenges from a high level and risking to not give justice to detail relevant to every of them. I find this appropriate in particular because of the tendency of intricate issues to be detailed and thereby even more difficult to understand. The discussion below shall start with taking positions of two key moments in history which, I think, are characteristic for the formation of budget rules. This historical review is followed by a discussion on how to ensure the most fundamental of relevant metrics, namely the money value that is the most obvious fundament for a population to usefully budget issues given that a majority of which will not consist of specialists that can quickly detect what is relevant about issues, and discussions around the Euro will be reviewed. Further, the consequences of state commitments to combat n against climate change having added a new type of obligations to be dealt with by state will be discussed. Finally, the consequences of states having taken substantial commitments to support investments, be it in renewable energy, be it in innovation at large, and the need having emerged to address flexible of targets will be discussed, and a summary drawn.
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Vakulenko, Svitlana, e Tetyana Yakovenko. "PRIVATE LIFE ORGANIZATION FORMS CHANGE IN THE SOCIAL INSTITUTE OF FAMILY TRANSFORMATION CONTEXT". In Relevant Trends of Scientific Research in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-002-5-36.

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Zevaya, Faradina, Fadwa Rhogib Asfahani e Utari Nur Qalbi. "Participation Study of Developing Countries in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to Economic Growth: Case Study Developing Countries in Latin America". In The Fifth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA-5 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201126.023.

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Murat, Sedat, Sefer Şener e Burcu Kılınç Savrul. "The Role of Economic Integration in Trade Openness: The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization Case". In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00832.

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Trade liberalization is one of the greatest economic arguments of the economics and it is claimed that trade openness is a crucial phenomenon for the well-being of nations since Adam Smith. Although various practices have been seen in different parts of the world in the history, from 1980s trade liberalization movements have been the dominant trend. However liberalization of trade in developing countries brought debates in economic literature and it is argued that open trade can have catastrophic effects instead of providing growth and welfare to the practitioner countries. In this study if The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization had contributed the member states to liberalize their trade has been investigated. The changes in the rates of inward and outward investment, import, export, population and labour force of the member countries during the establishment period of the Organization has been evaluated. The data is collected from Worldbank National Accounts Database, IMF World Economic Outlook and Balance of Payments Database and UNCTAD. The results of the study has shown that although the establishment of the organization had positive effect on investment and trade flows of the countries, it had no effect on labour flows of the member states.
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Brezina, Ivan. "USE OF PREFERENCE RANKING ORGANIZATION METHOD FOR ENRICHMENT EVALUATION FOR COMPARISON OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES". In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b23/s7.126.

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Puspitaningrum, Rani, Raditya Sukmana e Imron Mawardi. "The Linkage Between Economic Growth and Deforestation in OIC (The Organization of Islamic Cooperation) Countries". In 1st International Conference Postgraduate School Universitas Airlangga : "Implementation of Climate Change Agreement to Meet Sustainable Development Goals" (ICPSUAS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icpsuas-17.2018.68.

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Elangovan, A. "BIMSTEC, A WEAK CROSS-BORDER ORGANIZATION? THE GROWING ECONOMIES SHOW CONVERGENCE". In Perspektivy social`no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiia prigranichnyh regionov 2019. Институт экономики - обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра "Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36867/br.2019.33.72.002.

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This paper aims to assess economic convergence in the BIMSTEC organization initiated by seven South and SouthEast Asian countries. Its current state of growth is compared with empirically formulated growth model to determine its institutional efficiency i.e., strong or weak. GDP growth is considered proxy for economic security to analyze the result of the crossborder economic integration. The analysis covers the period of 19982018, a time series interval of 21 years. Linear regression equation shows the existence of convergence and convergence among the countries however, the organization has faced uncertainty and low significance on its economic effectiveness due to increased militant insurgencies in the region and other laggard policy implications. In sum, the main findings of this paper highlight (i) implications of opening crossborder trade routes through free trade agreement and (ii) existence of economic convergence in the member states. This therefore facilitates better trade, increased employment, tourism, investment and other macroeconomic successes within the bordersharing Asian neighbors.
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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

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Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun e John Van Reenen. The organization of firms across countries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luglio 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15129.

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Spilimbergo, Antonio. Testing the Hypothesis of Collusive Behavior Among Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Members. Inter-American Development Bank, settembre 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011610.

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This paper presents a test to discriminate among behaviors of producers of exhaustible resources. The behavior of a competitive producer of an exhaustible resource should follow an Euler equation. The existence of futures markets allows us to sidestep the difficult issues related to estimating future prices and demand. This theoretical framework is used to test the hypothesis of collusive Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) behavior between 1983 and 1991.
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Wilson, D., L. Schipper, S. Tyler e S. Bartlett. Policies and programs for promoting energy conservation in the residential sector: Lessons from five OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), giugno 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5427337.

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Kenes, Bulent. NMR: A Nordic neo-Nazi organization with aims of establishing totalitarian rule across Scandinavia. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), aprile 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/op0008.

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Right-wing extremism and national socialism (Nazism) are not a new phenomenon in Sweden. White supremacists or neo-Nazis have a long history in the country. Nordic Resistance Movement (Nordiska motståndsrörelsen, NMR) rests on this century-long history of Swedish Nazi and Neonazi activism. Including racism, antisemitism, anti-immigration, and anti-globalisation stances with violent tendencies, NMR which aims to overthrow the democratic order in the Nordic region and establish a national socialist state, has become the primary force of white power in Sweden and other Nordic countries.
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Zotz, Ann-Kathrin. Impact of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in OECD Countries on Carbon Emissions Intensive Export Industries in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, dicembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008437.

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This paper focuses on carbon-intensive export industries in Latin America and the Caribbean in order to analyze how climate change mitigation policies in the developed countries of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) influence trade patterns in developing countries. In particular, it examines Latin American's exposure to potential embodied carbon tariffs and the region's response and actions to avoid said tariffs. The carbon-intensive industries in Latin America were chosen as examples based on the list of industrial sectors identified as "exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage" in the European Commission Decision at the end of 2009
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Gischler, Christiaan, Ramón Espinasa, Nils Janson e Malte Humpert. Challenges and Opportunities for the Energy Sector in the Eastern Caribbean: Saint Kitts and Nevis Energy Dossier. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009261.

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Abstract (sommario):
This Energy Dossier is part of a series of publications produced by the Energy Division of the Infrastructure and Environment Department of the Inter-American Development Bank. It is designed to increase the knowledge base about the composition and organization of the energy sector of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each dossier describes the energy matrix of the country under analysis and then dives deeply into the institutional organization and regulatory framework of the energy sector in that country. This series is an important contribution to the understanding of the energy sector of the Eastern Caribbean countries, as many projects providing comparable information have been carried out in this part of the hemisphere.
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Gischler, Christiaan, Ramón Espinasa, Nils Janson e Malte Humpert. Challenges and Opportunities for the Energy Sector in the Eastern Caribbean: Grenada Energy Dossier. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009265.

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Abstract (sommario):
This Energy Dossier is part of a series of publications produced by the Energy Division of the Infrastructure and Environment Department of the Inter-American Development Bank. It is designed to increase the knowledge base about the composition and organization of the energy sector of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each dossier describes the energy matrix of the country under analysis and then dives deeply into the institutional organization and regulatory framework of the energy sector in that country. This series is an important contribution to the understanding of the energy sector of the Eastern Caribbean countries, as many projects providing comparable information have been carried out in this part of the hemisphere.
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Gischler, Christiaan, Ramón Espinasa, Nils Janson e Malte Humpert. Challenges and Opportunities for the Energy Sector in the Eastern Caribbean: Saint Lucia Energy Dossier. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009263.

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Abstract (sommario):
This Energy Dossier is part of a series of publications produced by the Energy Division of the Infrastructure and Environment Department of the Inter-American Development Bank. It is designed to increase the knowledge base about the composition and organization of the energy sector of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each dossier describes the energy matrix of the country under analysis and then dives deeply into the institutional organization and regulatory framework of the energy sector in that country. This series is an important contribution to the understanding of the energy sector of the Eastern Caribbean countries, as many projects providing comparable information have been carried out in this part of the hemisphere.
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Gischler, Christiaan, Ramón Espinasa, Nils Janson e Malte Humpert. Challenges and Opportunities for the Energy Sector in the Eastern Caribbean: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Energy Dossier. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009260.

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Abstract (sommario):
This Energy Dossier is part of a series of publications produced by the Energy Division of the Infrastructure and Environment Department of the Inter-American Development Bank. It is designed to increase the knowledge base about the composition and organization of the energy sector of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each dossier describes the energy matrix of the country under analysis and then dives deeply into the institutional organization and regulatory framework of the energy sector in that country. This series is an important contribution to the understanding of the energy sector of the Eastern Caribbean countries, as many projects providing comparable information have been carried out in this part of the hemisphere.
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Gischler, Christiaan, Ramón Espinasa, Nils Janson e Malte Humpert. Challenges and Opportunities for the Energy Sector in the Eastern Caribbean: Antigua and Barbuda Energy Dossier. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009262.

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Abstract (sommario):
This Energy Dossier is part of a series of publications produced by the Energy Division of the Infrastructure and Environment Department of the Inter-American Development Bank. It is designed to increase the knowledge base about the composition and organization of the energy sector of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each dossier describes the energy matrix of the country under analysis and then dives deeply into the institutional organization and regulatory framework of the energy sector in that country. This series is an important contribution to the understanding of the energy sector of the Eastern Caribbean countries, as many projects providing comparable information have been carried out in this part of the hemisphere.
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