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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Organ donation"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 10 marzo 2023

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1

EBEYE, Abimbola Oladuni, Chukwuedu OJEBOR e Ade ALABI. "PERCEPTION OF ORGAN AND CORPSE DONATION AMONG STUDENTS OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES". International Journal of Forensic Medical Investigation 2, n. 1 (31 marzo 2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21816/ijfmi.v2i1.10.

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In this era of great health challenges, organ donation may be the only intervention to failing and failed organs. Organ donation is willingly accepting to donate an organ or part of an organ to someone with a failing organ or failed organ. There are very few voluntary donations. Cadavers a major tool in the study of anatomy is gotten through unclaimed bodies, corpse from condemned criminals and donation of corpse for teaching and research. This cross sectional survey includes 707 students, 390 dissecting students and 317 non dissecting students from the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University Abraka. Structured questionnaires were administered to the student and date analysed. This was done to know the perception of student to organ and corpse donation and to assess if dissection affects the willingness to donate one’s organ or corpse for research. Result generally showed a negative attitude to organ and corpse donation. Only 5.9% considered donating their organs and 4.1% considered donating their corpse for research. The poor attitude towards organ and body donation may be attributed to people not wanting their body to be disrespected (30%), fear of the effect of donation (23%), religious beliefs (10%), and traditional beliefs (6%). Surprisingly lack of awareness to donation of organs and corpse accounted for a few percentages.

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Chuang, Yao-Mei, Shan-Shan Yeh, Chi-Fen Tseng e Chie-Chien Tseng. "Soliciting organ donations by medical personnel and organ donation coordinators: A factor analysis". PLOS ONE 16, n. 4 (23 aprile 2021): e0250249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250249.

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The literature on organ donation in Taiwan lacks a discussion of the roles of medical staff, organ donors, and transplant coordinators in organ donation. The biggest plight of organ donation is lack of the organ donations. When we probed the possibilities of not finish the organ donation procedure, such as religions, traditions and cultural belief, disease cognitions, and the failure of persuasion or the loss of organ donors. There are lots of research literature shown that the attitude of medical personnel would influence the willingness of organ donation or persuasion. This study considered such personnel and their participation in organ donation, specifically analyzing factors influencing their effectiveness. Snowball sampling was adopted to recruit medical staff, organ donors, and transplant coordinators for an online survey. The results revealed that some participants were unclear as to how to initiate the organ donation process and what practical operations are involved. Even with the necessary qualifications, some participants remained passive when soliciting organ donations in clinical practice. Organ donation coordinators with experience in caring for organ donors who attended organ donation courses performed well in soliciting organ donations. The researchers recommend that training courses on clinical planning and organ donation are incorporated into intensive care training and that they serve as the basis for counsellors soliciting organ donations to increase nurses’ willingness to solicit organ donations.

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Szymański, Igor, Julianna Stasicka e Honorata Stadnik. "Presumed consent in organ donation – limitations of consent model regarding transplantology in Poland". Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2023, n. 166 (2023): 797–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2022.166.50.

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Purpose: Organ transplantation is a treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure limited by the number of organs. The aims of this article are: to compare the relevance of the indicated systems for the number of donated organs, to analyze the status of organ donation, to identify current issues and possible measures in order to increase the number of donations from deceased donors in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The paper refers to theories from behavioral economics: status quo bias, human tendency to procrastinate, aversion to changes. It also analyzes statistical data of donated organs and the number of objections raised in Poland. Findings: There is a widespread public approval for organ donation in Poland, however most people do not state their decisions. Countries with an opt-out system have a higher rate of organ donations. In Poland in 2020 less than 0,1% of population objected to donate organs, yet 12% of potential donors were disqualified due to record in the Central Register of Objections or family’s statement. In 2016 only 20% of population was aware that presumed consent is legally binding. Moreover, 75% have never talked with their relatives about donating their organs. Research limitations/implications: The article relies on general data from statistical databases and population-based survey studies, which do not include detailed information on the subject described, and thus do not provide data for reliable in-depth statistical analysis. Due to unavailability of numeric data on the reasons for abandoning the organ procurement, the article relied on the available general statistical classification. The authors find an qualitative research to be worth considering in the studied area in order to identify profound causes of the problem and to find a target group for future experimental research. Practical implications: As majority of Polish population is pro-donation the presumed consent for organ donation is preferable to increase the number of donors. Social implications: Profound ignorance of the legislations and broad unawareness of the family's preference is the foundation of public fear and uncertainty towards organ donation. Originality/value: As the social factor appears to be the limiting factor for organ procurement it is fundamental to educate the society about transplantation in a relevant way in order to increase the number of donations in Poland. Keywords: Organ Transplantation, Tissue and Organ Procurement, Presumed Consent. Category of the paper: Research paper/General review.

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Harel, Inbal, Tehila Kogut, Meir Pinchas e Paul Slovic. "Effect of media presentations on willingness to commit to organ donation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, n. 20 (1 maggio 2017): 5159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703020114.

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We examine how presentations of organ donation cases in the media may affect people's willingness to sign organ donation commitment cards, donate the organs of a deceased relative, support the transition to an “opt-out” policy, or donate a kidney while alive. We found that providing identifying information about the prospective recipient (whose life was saved by the donation) increased the participants’ willingness to commit to organ donation themselves, donate the organs of a deceased relative, or support a transition to an “opt-out” policy. Conversely, identifying the deceased donor tended to induce thoughts of death rather than about saving lives, resulting in fewer participants willing to donate organs or support measures that facilitated organ donation. A study of online news revealed that identification of the donor is significantly more common than identification of the recipient in the coverage of organ donation cases—with possibly adverse effects on the incidence of organ donations.

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Noakes, Amy. "Raising awareness of organ donation". Journal of Health Visiting 7, n. 7 (2 luglio 2019): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/johv.2019.7.7.330.

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Despite the increase in demand for organs, the number of organ donations has remained relatively static; this is concerning as the comparatively low rate of consent for organ donation in the UK is the greatest factor limiting transplantation ( Vincent and Logan, 2012 ). All health professionals, including health visitors, should be aware of new legislation surrounding organ donation so they can provide advice and refer those requiring further information to the NHS Blood and Transplant service.

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Giri, Purushottam A., Yuvaraj B. Y., Motiram G. Kamble e Amarnath B. Solepure. "Organ donation and transplantation: knowledge and attitude amongst Indian undergraduate medical students". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, n. 11 (25 ottobre 2017): 4303. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174848.

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Background: Organ donation not only saves the lives of dying people but also improves the quality of life of many patients. A huge demand supply gap exists between patients requiring transplantation and organ donors. Organ transplantation has become the only hope for some patients with damaged or failing organs to extend their life. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge and attitude towards organ donation and transplantation amongst the undergraduate medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 98 undergraduate students of IIMSR Medical College, Badnapur, Jalna during the period of January to August 2016. Knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation were assessed using a pre-designed, pre-tested and validated questionnaire. Results were analyzed in the form of percentage and proportions whenever necessary.Results: In present study, only 35.71% students knew the definition of organ donation, whereas 46.94% and 51.02% students knew that what organs can be donated and who could be an organ donar respectively. Majority 71.43% students believed that who should make decision about organ donation in case of unclaimed dead body. Majority 82.65% students reported that live organ donation is better than cadaveric organ donation in solving shortage, 67.34% thought that donating one’s organ adds meaning to one’s life.Conclusions: Undergraduate students have inadequate knowledge, but have positive attitudes towards organ donation. There is a need to increase knowledge regarding organ donation among this essential group.

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Kachappillil, Anu Jacob. "Attitude of General Population towards Organ Donation in a Rural Community of Ernakulam District". International Journal of Healthcare Education & Medical Informatics 07, n. 01 (7 ottobre 2020): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.9199.202003.

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Background: Organ donation is defined as an act of giving one or more organs, without compensation, for transplantation to another person. For many of the end stage organ diseases, organ transplantation is the most preferred treatment. The need for organ transplantation is higher than the availability. For the transplantation program to be successful awareness regarding organ donation is needed and people must have a positive attitude towards donating organs. The present study was undertaken to assess the attitude of general population towards organ donation residing in a rural community of Ernakulam District. Materials and methods: A descriptive analytical survey was conducted to assess the attitude of general population towards organ donation. A 5 point likert scale was used to assess the attitude towards organ donation. 100 subjects were selected using convenient sampling technique. The collected data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of the study revealed that among 100 subjects, 81% of general population were having positive attitude, 19% were having neutral attitude and none of the subjects were having negative attitude towards organ donation. Even though majority of subjects were having positive attitude towards organ donation only 34% subjects were willing for organ donation. There was a significant association between the attitude of general population towards organ donation with demographic variables like religion and history of organ transplantation among family members/ relatives/ friends at P<0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: The study revealed that majority of the participants were having positive attitude towards organ donation.

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Evanisko, MJ, CL Beasley, LE Brigham, C. Capossela, GR Cosgrove, J. Light, S. Mellor, A. Poretsky e P. McNamara. "Readiness of critical care physicians and nurses to handle requests for organ donation". American Journal of Critical Care 7, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1998): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1998.7.1.4.

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BACKGROUND: Critical care nurses and physicians usually care for those patients whose condition progresses to brain death and are also often responsible for requesting organ donation from the family of a brain-dead patient. We hypothesized that staff support, knowledge, and training levels would be significantly associated with organ donation rates. OBJECTIVE: To assess the readiness of critical care staff to successfully handle requests for organ donation. METHODS: A total of 1061 critical care staff from 28 hospitals in four separate regions of the United States completed a questionnaire that assessed (1) factual knowledge about organ donation, (2) understanding of brain death, (3) previous training in procedures for requesting donations, and (4) comfort levels with the donation process. RESULTS: Staff training in effective procedures for requesting organ donations was significantly correlated with hospitals' donation rates. Less than a third of respondents, however, had received training in explaining brain death to and requesting organ donation from a grieving family. In hospitals with high rates of organ donation, 52.9% of staff had received training; in hospitals with low rates of organ donation, 23.5% of staff had received training. Levels of factual knowledge about organ donation and brain death were unexpectedly low but were not significantly related to hospitals' rates of organ donation. CONCLUSIONS: Training of critical care nurses and physicians in effective procedures for requesting organ donation is significantly associated with higher rates of organ donation, yet two thirds of critical care staff report no relevant training. Consequently, critical care staff cannot be considered ready to effectively handle requests for organ donation.

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Bharambe, Vaishaly K., Rathod H., Paranjape V. M., Kanaskar N., Shevade S., Survase K., Arole V., Singh Sakshi, Brahmbhatt Gaurav e Alam Feroz. "Awareness regarding body and organ donation amongst the population of an urban city in India". Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 05, n. 04 (dicembre 2015): 051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703935.

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Abstract Purpose : Bodies for purpose of dissection and organs for transplantation surgeries are needed for education of medical students and treatment of cases of end-stage organ failure. However deceased organ donation rate in India is very dismal. In the present study the authors assess the knowledge and attitude of the people living in an urban city in India towards organ and body donation. Materials/Methods : A questionnaire was distributed amongst all willing patients and their relatives attending the out-patient Department at our Hospital. This was followed by an awareness session wherein the researchers discussed body and organ donation and its need in India. Information sheet was handed to all and the willing respondents were given eye and body donation forms, and donor cards. Result: 41/65 people consented to participate. 41.5%, 31.7%, 12.2% and 12.2% had obtained knowledge regarding organ donation from newspaper, television, family members and internet respectively. 26.8% claimed that they were imparted knowledge by health care professionals. 78%, 53.7% and 19.5% were aware about eye, kidney and liver donations respectively. 17.1% were aware of body and lung donation each. Awareness of donation of other organs was found to be in the range between 4.9% to 14.6%. 43.9% were willing to be organ donors and 3 persons filled the body donation forms. Conclusion: Newspapers, healthcare professionals could be utilized to further the awareness regarding body and organ donation. Carrying out awareness programmes will help to reach information to each individual, clarifying any myths and increasing understanding and motivation levels among

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Bharambe, Vaishaly K., Hetal Rathod e Kalpana Angadi. "Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation among Medical Students". BANTAO Journal 14, n. 1 (27 giugno 2016): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bj-2016-0008.

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AbstractIntroduction. All over the world people on organ transplant waiting lists die due to shortage of donor organs. The success of organ donation program needs education of the population regarding organ donation for which healthcare professionals are most suitable. The present study was taken up to assess the knowledge and attitude of 1st, 2ndand 3rdyear medical students about organ donation. Methods. A specially designed self-administered questionnaire was distributed amongst all willing 1st, 2nd and 3rdyear medical students at our Medical College and later analyzed statistically. Results. A total of 157, 145 and 92 students from each year of medical education respectively gave their consent for participation in the study. Awareness regarding organ donation was found to be 98.7-100%, 69.4% claimed television as their source of information regarding organ donation and 46.7% stated that it is possible for patient to recover from brain death. The awareness regarding eye, liver, heart and kidney donations was found to be 92.4%, 87%, 87% and 97.8%, respectively. 87% of medical students were aware of need for legal supervision, and awareness regarding the existing laws was found to be 57.6%. Conclusion. Medical students had a high level of awareness and a positive attitude towards organ donation. However, knowledge regarding “brain-death”, organs and tissues donated, legislation and ethical issues was poor. A teaching intervention designed to specifically address these issues could help increase the confidence of the health-care professionals and may result finally in increased organ procurement rates.

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Dimo, Peter Masibinyane. "Participating in Organ Donation: Issues Among Black South Africans". Global Journal of Health Science 11, n. 1 (13 dicembre 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n1p71.

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The medical transplantation of human body organs remains the only efficacious therapy for patients who are confronted with the reality of death due to the breakdown of their vital body organs such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, pancreas, and liver. Nevertheless, their hopes of improving and prolonging their lives on earth are shattered by the consistent shortage and paucity of suitable organ donors. The scarcity of human organs is an issue of great concern in public health, both locally and internationally and the current outlook is bleak. This study seeks to explore factors that prevent black South Africans in Limpopo province from participating in organ donation. In a quest to explore factors that might impede black South Africans from participating in organ donation, a qualitative approach and explorative research design were used. Non-probability sampling was used to select 30 research participants. In-depths interviews were used to collect data and the data analysis method was a content analysis. The study was based on the theory of planned behaviour. The study established that the majority of black South Africans are not registered organ donors. A lack of awareness or educational, religious, and cultural backgrounds and myths regarding organ donation prevent black South Africans from registering and donating their organs. This study recommends further research into organ donation, and the development of a social work model to increase the awareness rate of organ donation in black communities. It calls for the evaluation of legislation that regulates organ donation and transplantation in South Africa.

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Pieri, Jessica M., e Neil H. Metcalfe. "The Organ Donation (Deemed Consent) Act 2019". InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 13, n. 4 (12 febbraio 2020): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738019900367.

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The stance on solid organ donations in England has changed. In March 2019, the Organ Donation (Deemed Consent) Act became law, with roll-out delayed until spring 2020. It introduces an ‘opt-out’ system, which assumes every adult has agreed to donate their organs unless they register not to do so, amending the previous ‘opt-in’ approach. The RCGP and General Medical Council have long emphasised that doctors be cognisant of the organ donation process and relevant legislation. This paper summarises the rationale behind the Act’s introduction, outlines its provisions, identifies some criticisms, and stresses the importance of raising awareness.

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Ahmad, Mahmood, Muhammad Shahbaz Manj e Naheed Arain. "E-1 Human Organs Donation and Transplantation in the light of Hinduism". Al-Aijaz Research Journal of Islamic Studies & Humanities 4, n. 2 (6 dicembre 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.53575/e1.v4.02(20).1-9.

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Organ transplantation and organ donation is an important issue today. It was implemented in different ways. The medical field offers new methods of treatment, including organ transplantation and human services. This is one of the most difficult and complex aspects of modern medicine. It is a surgical replacement of diseased organ by another healthy human organ. It was implemented in different ways. Donation and organ transplantation are important issue of today. The medical field offers new methods of treatment, including organ transplantation and human services. Researchers have been trying to expand stem cells to other organs and are experimenting with alternatives to human blood. Organ Transplantation and donations are performed under the supervision of a competent transplant team.

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Verble, Margaret, e Judy Worth. "Reservations and Preferences among Procurement Professionals concerning the Donation of Specific Organs and Tissues". Journal of Transplant Coordination 7, n. 3 (settembre 1997): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090591999700700305.

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Previous research has established that organ procurement professionals who talk with families about donation have strong personal preferences concerning the donation of specific organs and tissues. This study examines possible reasons for such preferences and compares them with those of hospital personnel who talk with families about donation. The findings suggest that preferences among procurement personnel closely resemble those of hospital personnel, but procurement professionals' reasons reflect a slightly higher rate of self-interest. Aversions among procurement personnel differ from those of hospital personnel. Procurement personnel have fewer aversions to donating eyes and skin and more aversions to bone, and their aversions are more likely to reflect professional experience with particular donations. The findings suggest the need for changes both in the way donation options are offered to families and the way hospital and procurement personnel are educated.

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Đurić, Želimir, Štefica Mikšić e Biljana Kurtović. "Opinions of the final year secondary health care students and the final year students of the undergraduate Nursing study programme sbout organ donation". Croatian nursing journal 3, n. 1 (28 giugno 2019): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/2/3/1/5.

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Aim. To examine and compare the opinions of the final year secondary health care students and the final year students of the undergraduate Nursing study programme about the significance of organ donation. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 60 participants of whom 30 were undergraduate Nursing study programme students and 30 were secondary health care students. The research instrument was a questionnaire designed for the purpose of this study, which included the following groups of questions: the first group consisted of questions about the participants’ general data, while the second group contained questions about organ donation itself. Results. From the obtained results, it was determined that there is no statistically significant difference in the decision to donate organs depending on the level of education. Furthermore, the results show that both groups of participants want to donate organs and the main motivation is to rescue someone’s life. In addition, the majority of participants express the view that such behavior is a humane act. Conclusion. Education level does not affect organ donation decision making. The main motivation for deciding on donating organs is to rescue someone’s life. Organ donation is an act of humanity. In the survey, several respondents expressed negative opinion about organ donation. Therefore, it is recommended that workshops aimed at future health professionals, be organized in secondary health care schools and other educational institutions for healthcare professionals to emphasize the importance of organ donation.

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Davis, Kimberly, Samuel Holtzman, Roger Durand, Phillip J. Decker, Bryanne Zucha e Lamon Atkins. "Leading the Flock: Organ Donation Feelings, Beliefs, and Intentions among African American Clergy and Community Residents". Progress in Transplantation 15, n. 3 (settembre 2005): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152692480501500303.

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Context Despite a considerable potential role in organ donation for African American clergy, there has been little investigation to date of the beliefs, attitudes, and personal intentions of such clergy regarding donation. Objective To compare the beliefs, attitudes, and behavioral intentions regarding organ donation among African American clergy to those of African American residents of the same large US city. Design Focus groups and 3 cross-sectional surveys. Setting Greater Houston, Tex, metropolitan area. Participants A total of 761 randomly selected African American community residents and 311 African American clergy. Main Outcomes Measures Beliefs about the importance of organ donation; how comfortable one is in thinking about donation; whether one believes that organ donation is against one's religion; trust in healthcare professionals regarding death declaration; concerns that donation leads to body mutilation; and the likelihood that one will donate one's own organs upon death. Results Compared to general African American residents, African American clergy in the Houston area were found more often to believe in the importance of donation; to be more comfortable with thinking about donation; to feel more certain that donation was not against their religion; to believe that they could trust healthcare professionals regarding death declaration; to feel less often that donation leads to mutilation of the body; and to indicate a greater likelihood of donating their own organs upon death. The same was found to be true among clergy and congregants of the largest religious denomination in Houston, the Baptists.

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Dr Mohan G. "ORGAN DONATION: REVIEW". AVISHKARA 01, n. 05 (2022): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56804/avishkara.2022.1505.

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There’s a wide spread cry for the organs across the world. Needy people are dying because of the lack of availability of the tissues/organs because of the fact that there’s a strong mismatch between the donors and recipients. When compared with other countries India stands at bottom in organ donation with a rate of only 0.16 donors per million. Growing population, impending disorders and an inadequacy in donations can disrupt the hopes of live. Global statistics too aren’t up to the mark. There requires a tremendous amount of knowledge and awareness regarding the same among the public to raise the bars and improve the quality of life by enhancing the availability.

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Shoaib, Najma, Nida Yousaf, Roman Akram, Asma Inam e Saboohi Saeed. "Knowledge and Attitude Towards Organ Donation Among Medical Students". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, n. 10 (30 ottobre 2021): 3287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115103287.

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Objective: To analyze the knowledge and attitude among medical students regarding organ donation. Study design: A cross sectional study Placement and Duration: The study was conducted during the period of six months from September 2019 to March 2020 at Azra Naheed Medical College Lahore. Materials and Methods: Sample size was 150 a predesigned close ended questionnaire was used to collect data, out of which 8 incomplete questionnaires were excluded. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data. Results: Overall, 130 respondents were aware of the term organ donation out of which 74 wish to donate their organs. The main barriers related to organ donation during life and after death include mainly religious beliefs, fear of surgical procedures, misconception that they cannot donate because of some medical illness, having a cultural belief that the body should be kept intact after death or having a fear that their body will be disfigured after donating an organ. 90.8% respondents believe that there is a need to promote organ donation. Greater load of information come from social media. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a need to promote organ donation. Identified barriers should be taken in the account while motivating the population to donate in future. Key words: Organ donation, Attitude, Barriers

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Mekkodathil, Ahammed, Mohammad Asim, Brijesh Sathian, Elayedath Rajesh, Rajeev Kumar, Padam Simkhada e Edwin Van Teijlingen. "Current scenario of organ donation and transplantation in Kerala, India". Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 9, n. 2 (30 giugno 2019): 759–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v9i2.24679.

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Organ donation rate in India is very low when compared to many developed countries which contribute to the deaths due to organ failures every year. Kerala, one of the southern states in India with best health statistics in the country, has a deceased organ donation programme and has an organ donation rate higher than national average. However, there is a significant decline in number of donations in recent years.

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Nirmala, M., J. Leena, RCJ Reena, B. Keerthana, Sheeba Shalini R, Jenifer Gracy M, Anbu Selvi J, Lydia Jeeva Jothi D e Vanidevi D. "Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Level of Knowledge and Attitude regarding Organ Donation among Young Adults in Selected College, Coimbatore". Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 8, n. 3 (30 settembre 2019): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2019.8305.

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Organ donation is the process of donating organs or biological tissue to a living recipient, who is in need of a transplant. Young adults, the future of the community need to be aware of organ donation. The Objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme (STP) on knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation among young adults. Methodology: A Quasi experimental, one group pre test post test design was used. Purposive sampling was used to select 225 young adults in selected college, Coimbatore. The data was collected using structured knowledge and attitude questionnaire regarding organ donation. Results: The effectiveness of STP was determined by comparing the pre test and post test scores. The ‘t’ test showed a significant difference between the pretest knowledge score (8.47±2.65) and post test knowledge score (9.89±3.54) with ‘t’ value of 4.4170 significant at p<0.001. 98.22% had favorable attitude in the Pre test Scores. The Structured Teaching Programme was effective in increasing the knowledge on organ donation among young adults in selected college.

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Krupic, Ferid. "The Impact of Religion and Provision of Information on Increasing Knowledge and Changing Attitudes to Organ Donation: An Intervention Study". Journal of Religion and Health 59, n. 4 (14 dicembre 2019): 2082–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00961-0.

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AbstractOne of the most significant developments in recent history has probably been organ donation and organ transplantation. They are frequently the only treatment available in certain cases. However, there is an ever-increasing discrepancy between the number of people needing transplantation and the organs available, because the decision to donate an organ is up to each individual. The study aims to assess the impact of the intervention on knowledge, attitudes and practices on organ donation among religious immigrants in Sweden. Data were collected through three group interviews using open-ended questions and qualitative content analysis. Thirty-six participants, 18 males and 18 females from six countries, participated in the focus group interviews. The analysis of the collected data resulted in two main categories: “Religion in theory and practice” and “More information—more knowledge about organ donation” including seven subcategories. Understanding of religion and religiosity, happiness by taking the class, the practice of religion in everyday life, the overcoming the prejudices in religion, having more information about organ donation and the donations process, as well as that the increased information changes people’s minds, were some of things the informants emphasised as predictors of the decision of organ donation. A class dealing with religion, the religious aspects of organ donation and the way the Swedish healthcare system is organised increased people’s knowledge and changed their attitudes so they became potential organ donors. More intervention studies are needed in every field of medicine to build confidence and give time to educate and discuss issues with potential organ donors in Sweden.

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Radford, Sam, Rohit D’Costa, Helen Opdam, Mark McDonald, Daryl Jones, Michael Bailey e Rinaldo Bellomo. "The impact of organ donation specialists on consent rate in challenging organ donation conversations". Critical Care and Resuscitation 22, n. 4 (7 dicembre 2020): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.51893/2020.4.oa1.

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Background: Consent rates for organ donation conversations (ODCs) vary. We hypothesised that a simple grading system could identify challenging ODCs. We further hypothesised that challenging ODCs would have higher consent rates when conducted by ODC specialists. Objectives: We aimed to study the utility of a grading system for ODCs and test the hypothesis that any training effect would be associated with improved consent rates in ODCs graded as most challenging. Methods: We stratified 2017 Australian DonateLife Audit aggregate consent and donation discussion data into four ODC grades based on Australian Organ Donor Register (AODR) status and person first raising the topic of organ donation. Grade I: “yes” present on AODR and family-raised organ donation; Grade II: “yes” present on AODR, and clinician-raised organ donation; Grade III: no registration on AODR but family-raised organ donation; and Grade IV: no registration on AODR, and clinician-raised organ donation. Results: Grade I ODCs were uncommon 7.7% (109/1420), with a consent rate of 95.4% (104/109). Grade IV ODCs were frequent (60.4%, 857/1420), with a consent rate of 41.4% (355/857). However, in Grade IV ODCs, organ donation specialist consent rate was 53.5% (189/353), significantly greater than for other trained staff at 33.1% (88/266) (P < 0.005; odds ratio [OR], 2.33; 95% CI, 1.68–3.24) or untrained requestors at 32.8% (78/238; P < 0.005; OR, 2.36; 95% CI. 1.68–3.33). Conclusion: The likelihood of consent can be predicted using readily available variables. This allows prospective identification of Grade IV ODCs, which carry low but potentially modifiable likelihood of consent. Involving donation specialists was associated with more consents for organ donation when applied retrospectively to Australian audit data.

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Göçer, Şemsinnur, e Nursel Üstündağ Öcal. "Perspectives of Religious Officials Working in a City Center on Organ Transplantation and Donation". Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine 9, n. 3 (30 settembre 2020): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33880/ejfm.2020090307.

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Aim: Although number of patients requiring organ and tissue transplantation is gradually increasing over time, number of organ donations is not sufficient to meet such requirement. This is due to gap in the knowledge regarding organ transplantation as well as individual or religious thoughts. Since some people avoid from organ donation because of their religious beliefs, religious officials play an important role in guiding such people by providing accurate information. In this study, it was aimed to determine perspectives on organ donation among religious officials. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 141 religious officials working in Yozgat province. A data sheet including sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender, education level and a 20-item questionnaire about opinions on organ donation and transplantation were used for data collection. Results: Of participants, 62.4% reported that they have knowledge about organ donation; 54.6% reported that they learned from visual media; 64.5% reported that they do not know how to donate organ; and 72.3% reported that they wish to have knowledge about organ donation. Only 2.9% of participants were donors. Conclusion: Although level of knowledge was moderate in religious officials who have important role in organ donation, organ donation rate was comparable with general population. Keywords: Organ donation, organ transplantation, religious officials

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Farid, Md Shaikh, e Tahrima Binta Naim Mou. "Religious, Cultural and Legal Barriers to Organ Donation: The Case of Bangladesh". Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 12, n. 1 (7 febbraio 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v12i1.50654.

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There is a substantial shortage of organs available for transplantation in Bangladesh. This has resulted in the commodification of organs. This study analyzes the religious, cultural, and legal barriers to organ donation in Bangladesh. It is based on the examination of available literature and primary sources i.e. religious decrees and opinions of religious leaders of faith traditions, and the Bangladesh Organ Donation Act, 1999. The literature was retrieved from databases, such as PubMed, BioMed, and Google Scholar using the key words: organ donation in Islam, organ donation in Bangladesh, organ donation and religions. The study found that although many Islamic scholars accept organ donation, both living and cadaveric, under some conditions, some Bangladeshi Muslim clerics oppose donation. They argue that organ retrieval violates the sanctity of the human body and retrieval of organs may harm a living donor or lead to death, and organ donation may encourage the commercialization of body parts. Both commercialization and harming oneself are considered sins. Thus, the divergent views of Muslim clerics are a major barrier to organ donation among the Bangladeshi Muslims. Cultural and social factors also have a negative impact. Most people desire to be buried with their bodies intact. Although the Bangladesh government promulgated the Bangladesh Organ Donation Act, 1999, and amended it in 2018, it restricted donors and recipients to members of the extended family, which also reduced the donor pool. This study argues that the Muslim Orthodox clerics’ stand against organ donation and other cultural and legal issues are the major obstacles to organ donation in Bangladesh.

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Xiong, Xiling, Kaisheng Lai, Wenshi Jiang, Xuyong Sun, Jianhui Dong, Ziqin Yao e Lingnan He. "Understanding public opinion regarding organ donation in China: A social media content analysis". Science Progress 104, n. 2 (aprile 2021): 003685042110096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211009665.

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Organ donation provides a life-saving opportunity for patients with organ failure. China, like most countries, is faced with organ shortages. Understanding public opinion regarding organ donation in China is critical to ensure an increased donation rate. Our study explored public concerns and attitudes toward organ donation, factors involved, and how the public pays attention to organ donation. Sixteen million users’ public information (i.e. gender, age, and geographic information) and posts from January 2017 to December 2017 were collected from Weibo, a social media platform. Of these, 1755 posts related to organ donation were included in the analysis. We categorized the posts and coded the users’ attitudes toward organ donation and the associations between the demographics. The most popular posts mentioning organ donation were “publicly expressing the willingness to donate organs.” Furthermore, 87.62% of posts exhibited a positive attitude toward organ donation, whereas only 7.44% exhibited a negative attitude. Most positive posts were “saluting the organ donors,” and most negative posts involved “fear of the family’s passive medical decision.” There was no significant gender difference in the users’ attitudes, but older people generally had a more negative attitude. Users with negative attitudes mainly distrust the medical system and are worried that the donated organs may be used in improper trading. Social media may be an important channel for promoting organ donation activities, and it is important to popularize scientific knowledge related to organ donation in order to eliminate the public’s misunderstanding of organ donation and transplantation.

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Mohammed, Alqahtani Ibtesam. "Organ Donation in the Context of Brain Death in Muslim Countries: Bioethical Positions". International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 5, n. 07 (3 luglio 2020): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol05-i07/905.

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One of the miracles of modern medicine for patients with end stage organ failure is organ transplantation. The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) defines organ donation as giving an organ, tissue, cells, or part of an organ from a living or deceased person (i.e., the donor) to a living person in need (i.e., the recipient). In the last two decades, the number of organ transplants has gradually increased; however, the demand for organ transplantation exceeds the number of available donors. Organs from brain dead donors have been suggested as an alternative option for increasing donation rates when living donors are not available. This article explores the debate surrounding brain death organ donation in Muslim countries. Because organ transplantation is based on Ijtihad, Muslim jurists have no clear-cut text in the Holy Quran or Sunna to use as a foundation for judgment. This has made organ transplants an issue among Muslim scholars and researchers, splitting them into two opinion groups, with one side seeing organ transplantation as legal and the other believing it to be illegal. However, all individuals have the right to choose whether they want to help others by sacrificing parts of themselves and donating their organs. Autonomy, justice, and beneficence must be employed in organ transplantation decision-making.

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Rasiah, Rajah, Navaz Naghavi, Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik e Hamid Sharif Nia. "Can financial rewards complement altruism to raise deceased organ donation rates?" Nursing Ethics 27, n. 6 (15 maggio 2020): 1436–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020918927.

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Background: Organ supply–demand in developing countries worldwide has continued to widen. Hence, using a large survey (n ¼ 10,412), this study seeks to investigate whether human psychology could be used to inculcate philanthropy to raise deceased organ donation rates. Methods: Three models were constructed to examine multidimensional relationships among the variables. Structural equation modeling was applied to estimate the direct and indirect influence of altruism, financial incentives, donation perception, and socioeconomic status simultaneously on willingness to donate deceased organs. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the University of Malaya ethics committee. Results: The results show that altruism amplifies the impact of socioeconomic status and donation perception on willingness to donate. Also, the results show that financial incentives cannot complement altruism to raise organ donation rates. Hence, investing in education and public awareness enhances altruism in people, which then increases the propensity to donate. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that governments should allocate resources to increase public awareness about organ donation. Awareness programs about the importance of philanthropic donations and the participation of medical consultants at hospitals in the processes form the foundation of such a presumptive approach.

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Timmins, Rebecca, e Magi Sque. "Radical actions to address UK organ shortage, enacting Iran’s paid donation programme: A discussion paper". Nursing Ethics 26, n. 7-8 (21 febbraio 2019): 1936–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019826362.

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Globally there is a shortage of organs available for transplant resulting in thousands of lives lost as a result. Recently in the United Kingdom 457 people died as a result of organ shortage in just 1 year. 1 NHS Blood and Transplant suggest national debates to test public attitudes to radical actions to increase organ donation should be considered in addressing organ shortage. The selling of organs for transplant in the United Kingdom is prohibited under the Human Tissue Act 2004. This discussion paper considers five ethical objections raised in the United Kingdom to paid donation and discusses how these objections are addressed within the only legal and regulated paid living unrelated renal donation programme in the world in Iran, where its kidney transplant list was eliminated within 2 years of its commencement. This article discusses whether paid living unrelated donation in Iran increases riskier donations and reduced altruistic donation as opponents of paid donation claim. The paper debates whether objections to paid donation based upon commodification arguments only oppose enabling financial ends, even if these ends enable beneficent acts. Discussions in relation to whether valid consent can be given by the donor will take place and will also debate the objection that donors will be coerced and exploited by a paid model. This article suggests that exploitation of the paid donor within the Iranian model exists within the legally permitted framework. However, paid living kidney donation should be discussed further and other models of paid donation considered in the United Kingdom as a radical means of increasing donation.

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Quintieri, Francesca, Orsola Pugliese e Pietro Chistolini. "Analysis of Organ Donation in Italy". Journal of Transplant Coordination 8, n. 3 (settembre 1998): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090591999800800310.

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In 1995 the Italian Institute of Health began assembling information regarding organ donors, recipients, and transplants. Data on more than 3000 transplants were collected and recorded to date. In addition to characteristics of donors and donating hospitals, this article describes donation activity and organ procurement in Italy from 1992 to 1996. Despite the encouraging results, the donation situation in Italy remains a challenge due to the nonhomogeneous distribution of organ donation throughout the country. It is hoped that an increase in the rate of organ donation and procurement in some regions will enable Italy to reach the European mean.

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Mpekethu, Nelson Mweteri, Newnex Brian Mongare, Victor Mutua, Marie-Claire Wangari, Chris von Csefalvay e Daniel Ojuka. "Knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate medical students in Kenya towards solid organ donation and transplantation: Are Africa’s future clinicians prepared?" African Journal of Nephrology 24, n. 1 (2021): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21804/24-1-4843.

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Background: Solid organ donation and transplantation remains grossly underdeveloped in most African countries. The knowledge and attitude of tomorrow’s professionals may be key to the improvement of these services. Methods: A sample of undergraduate medical students from all the medical schools in Kenya offering Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees were surveyed using a self-administered, web-based questionnaire, between July and September 2018. Results: Of the 303 participants, 167 (55.1%) were female. Only 8.9% of the students had read the laws governing transplantation in Kenya. An even lower percentage (3.3%) felt that they had learned enough about solid organ donation and transplantation from their medical curriculum. More than half (53%) of the respondents would subscribe as solid organ donors, which reduced to 47% when it came to consenting to donating their relatives’ organs. Less than half of the students (40%) considered they would be comfortable introducing the topic or confident answering questions (23%) related to organ donation and transplantation. Only 9.9% of the sample had ever spoken to a patient about organ donation. There was no significant association between level of study (preclinical versus clinical) and comfort introducing the topic of organ donation (P = 0.206) or experience talking to a patient about the subject (P = 0.102). Conclusion: Undergraduate medical students have significant knowledge gaps regarding organ donation and transplantation and feel ill-prepared to approach a potential donor or transplant recipient.

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Robinette, Michael A. "ORGAN DONATION". Anesthesiology Clinics of North America 12, n. 4 (dicembre 1994): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8537(21)00558-7.

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32

Tindale, Rabina. "Organ donation". Emergency Nurse 17, n. 2 (maggio 2009): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en.17.2.11.s20.

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Jensen, D. M. "Organ donation". Medical Journal of Australia 149, n. 11-12 (dicembre 1988): 722–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120854.x.

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Wilkinson, Kate, e Danielle Peet. "Organ donation". InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 7, n. 2 (22 novembre 2013): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738013506565.

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35

Anderson-Shaw, Lisa. "Organ Donation". Critical Care Medicine 44, n. 2 (febbraio 2016): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0000000000001499.

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36

Rhee, Jason, Barbara Kern, Jeffery Cooper e Richard Freeman. "Organ Donation". Seminars in Liver Disease 29, n. 01 (febbraio 2009): 019–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1192053.

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37

McCarthy, Jeremiah. "Organ Donation". Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy 5, n. 1-2 (31 agosto 1993): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j080v05n01_11.

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Snowberger, Pat. "Organ Donation". Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 7, n. 5 (settembre 1988): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003465-198809000-00009.

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Rutter, N., N. P. Mann e A. R. Watson. "Organ donation." Archives of Disease in Childhood 64, n. 6 (1 giugno 1989): 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.64.6.875.

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40

Samuels, Alec. "Organ donation". Medico-Legal Journal 86, n. 2 (5 febbraio 2018): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025817218754963.

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Park, G. R., K. E. Gunning, M. J. Lindop e P. G. Roe. "Organ donation." BMJ 306, n. 6870 (9 gennaio 1993): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6870.145-b.

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Barnes, A. D. "Organ donation." BMJ 306, n. 6870 (9 gennaio 1993): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6870.145-c.

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Lavery, G. G., K. G. Lowry, J. R. Johnston e D. L. Coppel. "Organ donation." BMJ 306, n. 6876 (20 febbraio 1993): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6876.517-c.

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Nicholls, A., e H. Riad. "Organ donation." BMJ 306, n. 6876 (20 febbraio 1993): 517–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6876.517-d.

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Pichert, James W. "Organ Donation". Diabetes Educator 12, n. 1 (gennaio 1986): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572178601200101.

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46

Applequist, Hilary, e Elizabeth M. Giedt. "Organ Donation". JONA's Healthcare Law, Ethics, and Regulation 8, n. 2 (aprile 2006): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00128488-200604000-00003.

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47

Martinelli, Angela M. "Organ Donation". AORN Journal 58, n. 2 (agosto 1993): 236–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)65228-4.

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Riether, Anne Marie, e Elizabeth Mahler. "Organ Donation". Psychosomatics 36, n. 4 (luglio 1995): 336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(95)71643-7.

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49

Gore, SM. "Organ donation". Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 44, n. 10 (gennaio 1990): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0753-3322(90)90177-b.

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50

Lozano, Maria D. "Organ Donation". AAOHN Journal 35, n. 3 (marzo 1987): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507998703500305.

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