Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Optimisation du coût total de production"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Optimisation du coût total de production":
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McArdle, A. J., A. J. McDiarmid e T. E. Asbey. "PRODUCTION OPTIMISATION VIA MULTI-PHASE FLOW METERING". APPEA Journal 45, n. 1 (2005): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04008.
Abstract (sommario):
Apache has developed a number of small oil fields using unmanned minimum facilities platforms close to Varanus Island, on the North West Shelf of Western Australia. Production from each platform is commingled into a single production trunkline. Wells producing at high watercut are artificially lifted using gaslift. Production monitoring and well allocation uses multi-phase flow meters situated on each platform. The use of these meters minimises total infrastructure cost, while still allowing the direct testing of each well. Test results are used for production optimisation of the individual wells, optimisation of the integrated production network, well and field production allocation and troubleshooting. Meter performance has been satisfactory, resulting in an additional unit being deployed on the Stag field where production is affected by high gas rates, slugging and sand production.
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Al-Chalabi, Hussan Saed, Jan Lundberg, Majid Al-Gburi, Alireza Ahmadi e Behzad Ghodrati. "Model for economic replacement time of mining production rigs including redundant rig costs". Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 21, n. 2 (11 maggio 2015): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-07-2014-0041.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a practical model to determine the economic replacement time (ERT) of production machines. The objective is to minimise the total cost of capital equipment, where total cost includes acquisition, operating, maintenance costs and costs related to the machine’s downtime. The costs related to the machine’s downtime are represented by the costs of using a redundant machine. Design/methodology/approach – In total, four years of cost data are collected. Data are analysed, practical optimisation model is developed and regression analysis is done to estimate the drilling rigs ERT. The artificial neural network (ANN) technique is used to identify the effect of factors influencing the ERT of the drilling rigs. Findings – The results show that the redundant rig cost has the largest impact on ERT, followed by acquisition, maintenance and operating costs. The study also finds that increasing redundant costs per hour have a negative effect on ERT, while decreases in other costs have a positive effect. Regression analysis shows a linear relationship between the cost factors and ERT. Practical implications – The proposed approach can be used by the decision maker in determining the ERT of production machines which used in mining industry. Originality/value – The research proposed in this paper provides and develops an optimisation model for ERT of mining machines. This research also identifies and explains the factors that have the largest impact on the production machine’s ERT. This model for estimating the ERT has never been studied on mining drilling rigs.
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Andrawus, Jesse A., John Watson, Mohammed Kishk e Heather Gordon. "Optimisation of Wind Turbine Inspection Intervals". Wind Engineering 32, n. 5 (ottobre 2008): 477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/030952408786411921.
Abstract (sommario):
The choice of correct inspection intervals poses a serious challenge to industries that utilise physical assets. Too short an interval increases operational cost and waste production time while too long an interval increases the likelihood of unexpected asset failures. Failure Modes and Effect Criticality Analysis (FMECA) is a technique that permits qualitative evaluation of assets' functions to predict critical failure modes and the resultant consequences to determine appropriate maintenance tasks for the assets. The Delay-Time Maintenance Model (DTMM) is a quantitative maintenance optimisation technique that examines equipment failure patterns by taking into account failure consequences, inspection time and cost in order to determine optimum inspection interval. In this paper, a hybrid of FMECA and DTMM is used to assess the failure characteristics of a selected subsystems of a chosen wind turbine. Optimal inspection intervals for critical subsystems of the wind turbine are determined to minimise its total life-cycle cost.
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Fu, Peng, Danny Pudjianto, Xi Zhang e Goran Strbac. "Integration of Hydrogen into Multi-Energy Systems Optimisation". Energies 13, n. 7 (1 aprile 2020): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071606.
Abstract (sommario):
Hydrogen presents an attractive option to decarbonise the present energy system. Hydrogen can extend the usage of the existing gas infrastructure with low-cost energy storability and flexibility. Excess electricity generated by renewables can be converted into hydrogen. In this paper, a novel multi-energy systems optimisation model was proposed to maximise investment and operating synergy in the electricity, heating, and transport sectors, considering the integration of a hydrogen system to minimise the overall costs. The model considers two hydrogen production processes: (i) gas-to-gas (G2G) with carbon capture and storage (CCS), and (ii) power-to-gas (P2G). The proposed model was applied in a future Great Britain (GB) system. Through a comparison with the system without hydrogen, the results showed that the G2G process could reduce £3.9 bn/year, and that the P2G process could bring £2.1 bn/year in cost-savings under a 30 Mt carbon target. The results also demonstrate the system implications of the two hydrogen production processes on the investment and operation of other energy sectors. The G2G process can reduce the total power generation capacity from 71 GW to 53 GW, and the P2G process can promote the integration of wind power from 83 GW to 130 GW under a 30 Mt carbon target. The results also demonstrate the changes in the heating strategies driven by the different hydrogen production processes.
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Salmachi, Alireza, Mohammad Sayyafzadeh e Manouchehr Haghighi. "Optimisation and economical evaluation of infill drilling in CSG reservoirs using a multi-objective genetic algorithm". APPEA Journal 53, n. 1 (2013): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12034.
Abstract (sommario):
Water production in the early life of Coal Seam Gas (CSG) recovery makes these reservoirs different from conventional gas reservoirs. Normally, a large amount of water is produced during the early production period, while the gas-rate is negligible. It is essential to drill infill wells in optimum locations to reduce the water production and increase the gas recovery. To optimise infill locations in a CSG reservoir, an integrated framework is developed to couple the reservoir flow simulator (ECLIPSE) and the genetic algorithm (GA) optimisation toolbox of (MATLAB). In this study, the desired objective function is the NPV of the infill drilling. To obtain the economics of the infill drilling project, the objective function is split into two objectives. The first objective is the gas income; the second objective is the cost associated with water production. The optimisation problem is then solved using the multi-objective solver. The economics of the infill drilling program is investigated for a case study constructed based on the available data from the Tiffany unit in San Juan basin when gas price and water treatment cost are variable. Best obtained optimal locations of 20 new wells in the reservoir are attained using this optimisation framework to maximise the profit of this project. The results indicate that when the gas price is less than $2/Mscf, the infill plan, regardless of the cost of water treatment, is not economical and drilling additional wells cannot be economically justified. When the cost of water treatment and disposal increases from $0.01/STB to $4/STB, the optimisation framework intelligently distributes the infill wells across the reservoir in a way that the total water production of infill wells is reduced by 26%. Simulation results also indicate that when water treatment is an expensive operation, lower water production is attained by placing the infill wells in depleted sections of the coal bed, close to the existing wells. When water treatment cost is low, however, infill wells are freely allocated in virgin sections of the coal bed, where both coal gas content and reservoir pressure are high.
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Purnomo, Muhammad Ridwan Andi. "Incorporating deep learning data analytics techniques in the optimisation of capacitated planned maintenance". Jurnal Sistem dan Manajemen Industri 6, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2022): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jsmi.v6i2.5076.
Abstract (sommario):
Manufacturing systems must be supported by the availability of materials, a streamlined production process and a prepared production line to achieve the production target. In a mass customization manufacturing system, the number of machines required for customization is relatively small. Conse-quently, maintenance on critical machines will impact this manufacturing system the most. Two types of maintenance strategies are implemented: corrective and preventive maintenance. The corrective maintenance requires more resources since the time and cost to repair the breakdown machine will be higher due to fatal failure. For the management to consider preventive maintenance while the binding machines are still operational, it must be equipped with a deep analysis demonstrating that fewer resources will be required. This paper discusses two deep analyses: accurate prediction of the binding machines' breakdown based on Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) data using a deep learning data analytics technique and optimizing the maintenance total cost in the available capacitated time. The findings and results of this paper show that the proposed deep learning data analytics technique can increase the MTBF prediction accuracy by up to 66.12% and reduce the total maintenance cost by up to 4% compared with the original model.
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Banyai, Agota. "MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING FOR BUILD-TO-SEQUENCE SUPPLY: A MULTI-LEVEL OPTIMISATION APPROACH". Journal of Production Engineering 25, n. 1 (30 giugno 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/jpe-2022-01-025.
Abstract (sommario):
Material requirement planning (MRP) plays an important role in the life of production companies, because it has a great impact on the efficiency of manufacturing operations and it influences the total cost. Just-in-time and just-in-sequence supply offer new solutions to improve the cost-efficiency from inventory holding point of view. Within the frame of this article the author focuses on the build-to-sequence strategy of just-in-sequence supply and demonstrate an integrated approach of material requirement planning. The suggested methodology includes the determination of build-to-sequence orders, the optimisation of material requirement from lead time and cost point of view and determine the optimal sequence of operations to fulfil build-to-sequence demands. The computational results show, that the integrated optimisation leads to an increased cost efficiency, while the required manufacturing operations are performed with a decreased lead time.
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Zhang, Yusheng, e Adrian L. Collins. "Optimisation of Cereal Farm Strategies for Mitigating Externalities Associated with Intensive Production". Water 15, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2022): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010169.
Abstract (sommario):
Intensive cereal farming results in various unintended consequences for the environment including water pollution. Current uptake of on-farm best management measures in the UK is delivering limited benefits and alternative management futures need to be modelled to make informed decisions. The Farmscoper (FARMSCale Optimization of Pollutant Emission Reductions) tool was used to examine two management scenarios for intensive cereal farms in eastern England. The first was based on increased uptake of those measures currently recommended by advisory visits and following walkover surveys. The second was founded on mechanistic understanding of on-farm pollutant sources embedded in the Farmscoper tool. Optimization of measure selection used a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The technically possible reductions (e.g., 10 to 21% for sediment and 12 to 18% for total phosphorus) of current pollutant emissions to water due to uptake of the mechanistic scenario exceeded those resulting from the current advice scenario (≤5%), but with mixed impacts on costs ranging from a saving of £34.8/ha/yr to an increase of £19.0/ha/yr, relative to current best management costs. The current advice scenario generated corresponding cost savings of between £30.4/ha/yr and £73.40/ha/yr. Neither scenario is sufficiently impactful on unintended consequences, pointing to the need for structural change in land cover.
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Zhao, Gang. "Design and optimisation of advanced bearing system for ultra-precision plastic electronics production systems". Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 71, n. 2 (11 marzo 2019): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2017-0370.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose The paper aims to use aluminium alloy to substitute steel as the main material of ultra-precision hydro-static bearing system for an ultra-precision plastic electronics production system to lower the manufacturing cost. The total cost of diamond turning and nickel-based electroless coating of an aluminium alloy bearing is expected to be less than the cost of manufacturing a stainless steel bearing. Design/methodology/approach The paper used a large amount of theoretical calculation to obtain optimal specifications of the bearing system. ANSYS modelling was selected to simulate the deflection of the bearing shaft under high oil pressure. Hundreds of measurements were conducted after the bearing had been manufactured. Findings The paper provides industrial application insights on using aluminium alloy with a high-quality nickle-based electroless coating as a successful substitution of stainless steel. This created a more economic hydro-static bearing system. Research limitations/implications Because of the time limit, different rotational speed tests shall be conducted in the future. Practical implications The paper provides implications for the application of nickel-based electroless coating to improve the surface property and bending strength of aluminium alloy, as well as classifying ultra-precision diamond turning as an economic finishing process. Originality/value This paper has identified the importance of aluminium alloy with a nickel-based electroless coating as the substitution of stainless steel in a precision hydro-static bearing system.
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Allison, Nick. "More bang for your buck: optimising CSG extraction to achieve increased project value". APPEA Journal 56, n. 1 (2016): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15007.
Abstract (sommario):
Recent challenges within Australia’s oil and gas market have placed increased pressure on Australia’s CSG industry to reel-in burgeoning project costs. In a tight commodity price environment, developments need to extract greater value from projects. This paper outlines an innovative approach to CSG gathering system design by leveraging the digital oil field approach, utilising technology to rapidly optimise design, reduce design costs and optimise the development processes behind economic resource extraction aimed at ultimately delivering increased project value. In the past few years a step-change has been made in the optimisation of the engineering design model, with expanded concept level design, FEED-less design, and partially automated detailed design being executed on gathering system projects now being adopted. This was a step towards a fully integrated approach of the digital oil field. Through this process, it has become apparent that this methodology can be extended further through the targeted optimisation of the production model used in the establishment of CSG projects. This will enable increased revenue for a project. Field production profiles for both gas and water can be developed from preliminary reservoir assessment data. Using cost data for materials and installation, various scenarios can be assessed to optimise production volumes, surface infrastructure configuration, and total volume extracted on a dollar margin per unit energy basis. The optimisation measures explored in this paper are most critical to reservoir locations with a low drainage area per well, where reservoir drainage is maximised by refinement of the configuration of above-ground infrastructure. This has the potential to translate to a more optimised network, and greater profitability in the development of large-scale CSG fields.
Tesi sul tema "Optimisation du coût total de production":
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Abubakar, Aminu Sahabi. "Contribution to the development of new maintenance strategies integrated to control charts for a production process under service levels, operational, and quality constraints". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0055.
Abstract (sommario):
L'industrie de la production actuelle est caractérisée par des progrès significatifs : une augmentation massive de la haute technologie, l'émergence de clients exigeants, des marchés compétitifs, une qualité de produit variée et des demandes aléatoires ont exigé la collaboration des aspects interdépendants de la production. La production, la maintenance et la qualité sont les aspects les plus critiques du système industriel. Nous nous intéressons à l'optimisation de la maintenance qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la satisfaction du client, la durabilité et le développement des entreprises. Notre étude est centrée sur le développement de la production et de la maintenance intégrées dans une carte de contrôle de la politique de qualité. Nous proposons de nouvelles stratégies de maintenance intégrée avec une analyse approfondie des améliorations continues de la fiabilité du processus de production et traitées sous les contraintes des exigences du client (Service, qualité et coût). L'intégration et la coordination optimale de ces facteurs de production n'est pas facile et représente un défi pour les entreprises industrielles, et sont plus difficiles avec les causes multi-assignables de la variation du processus de production. Pour répondre à ce problème, ce travail de recherche a utilisé l'outil carte de contrôle en combinaison avec les principes de l'AFNOR connus sous le nom de Règle des sept comme impliqués dans la gestion de la qualité. Pour surveiller, analyser et diriger les actions de maintenance appropriées pour l'amélioration continue de la fiabilité du système le long des différents scénarios de processus multiples comme niveaux de décision. Nous utilisons les interactions entre le processus de production et la qualité du produit pour des stratégies de maintenance qui réduisent la défaillance du système de production en améliorant la fiabilité du processus et en réduisant les produits non conformes. L'étude a porté de manière significative sur la qualité, les outils de qualité et leurs applications dans le contrôle de la production et de la maintenance. La technique que nous avons utilisée pour optimiser la maintenance et le contrôle de la qualité d'un système de production intégré est un outil de carte de contrôle basé sur la mesure et l'analyse statistique des paramètres de qualité. Nous modélisons différents problèmes de production et développons une politique de contrôle pour des systèmes de production à défaillance aléatoire qui doivent satisfaire les exigences des clients de manière dynamique tout au long de l'horizon de production fini. Nous avons introduit un modèle mathématique pour minimiser les coûts totaux de production, d'inventaire, de maintenance et de contrôle de la qualité. L'optimisation de la stratégie de maintenance a été intégrée dans un outil d'information sur les cartes de contrôle. Sur la base de la variation du taux de production et de son impact sur la dégradation de la machine, le nombre de maintenance, les temps et les intervalles nécessaires à une prise de décision prudente sont déterminés par l'algorithme développé. Dans ce contexte, cette recherche présente la dérivation pour différents cas de toutes les probabilités pour le processus d'être dans ou hors de contrôle, les durées moyennes d'exécution, et les durées de cycle de restauration. Sur la base du facteur de dégradation, de nouvelles équations de taux de défaillance sont formulées, puis le taux de défaillance moyen pour chaque cas, nous avons formulé différents modèles d'optimisation des coûts de maintenance. L'approche proposée est utile pour le calcul précis et la minimisation du coût total de maintenance. Elle optimise le coût total de production en considérant tous les états possibles du processus de production dus à des causes multiples. Notre travail contribue à l'émergence de techniques de gestion de la qualité et d'amélioration des performances qui contribueront au développement des entreprises de productionThe current production industry is characterise by significant progress: a massive increase in high technology, the emergence of exigent customers, competitive markets, varied product quality, and random demands required the collaborations of the inter-related aspects of production. The production, maintenance, and quality are the most critical aspects of the industrial system. We are interested in optimising maintenance that plays a critical role in customer satisfaction, sustainability, and the development of companies. Our study is centred on developing production and maintenance integrated into a control chart of quality policy. We propose new integrated maintenance strategies with an in-depth analysis of the continuous production process reliability improvements and treated under customer requirements (Service, quality, and cost) constraints. The integration and optimal coordination of these factors of production is not easy and represent a challenge for industrial companies, and are more challenging with multi-assignable causes of production process variation. To address this problem, this research work employed the use of a control chart tool in combination with the AFNOR principles known as Rule of seven as involved in quality management. To monitor, analyses and direct appropriate maintenance actions for continuous system reliability improvements along the different multiple process scenarios as decision levels. We use the interactions between the production process and product quality for strategies of maintenance which reduce the failure of the production system by improving process reliability and reducing the no conformal products. The study Significantly focused on quality, quality tools, and their applications in production and maintenance control. The technique we used to optimise the maintenance and quality control of an integrated production system is a control chart tool based on statistical measurement and analysis of quality parameters. We model different production problems and develop a control policy for randomly failing production systems that must satisfy customer requirements dynamically throughout the finite production horizon. We introduced a mathematical model to minimise the total costs of production, inventory, maintenance, and quality control. The optimisation of the maintenance strategy was integrated into a control chart tool information. Based on the production rate variation and its impact on machine degradation the number of maintenance, times, and intervals needed for prudent decision-making is determined by the developed algorithm. In this context, this research presents the derivation for different cases of all the probabilities for the process to be in or out of control, the average run lengths, and the restoration cycle durations. Based on the degradation factor, new failure rate equations are formulated, and then the average failure rate for each case, we formulated different maintenance cost optimisation models. The proposed approach is useful for precise calculation and minimisation of the total maintenance cost. Which optimises total production cost considering all possible production process statuses due to multiple causes. Our work contributes to the emergence of quality management and performance improvement techniques that will contribute to the development of production companies
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Bissey, Sebastien. "Optimisation du coût de la consommation d'électricité dans l'habitat individuel". Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4029.
Abstract (sommario):
Les travaux menés durant cette thèse ont consisté à proposer des solutions pour optimiser le coût de la consommation d’électricité dans l’habitat individuel. Les outils matériels et logiciels proposés ici permettent à la fois d’estimer la rentabilité d’un système de gestion de l’électricité et l’impact des bons et simples gestes du quotidien. Dans un premier temps, des solutions permettant de faire des économies dans l’habitat individuel ont été comparées et évaluées. Le système de stockage de l’énergie électrique a été introduit. Le stockage permet entre autre de décaler la consommation d’électricité des heures pleines aux heures creuses et ainsi, de faire des économies. Dans une deuxième partie, la prédiction de la consommation d’électricité à base de logique floue a été introduite afin d’utiliser plus efficacement le système de stockage. La rentabilité des systèmes de stockage et des prises « connectées » a été étudiée. Dans un troisième et dernier temps, un convertisseur statique d’énergie à haut rendement (supérieur à 95%) a été introduit. Ce dernier est nécessairement bidirectionnel car l’énergie doit pouvoir transiter du système de stockage vers le réseau électrique de distribution et vice versa. Les taux de distorsion harmonique des signaux doivent alors être les plus petits possibles (ici, inférieurs à 8%). L’originalité du convertisseur proposé réside aussi dans la simplicité des commandes numériques nécessaires. Les composants sur substrat en SiC ont été utilisés pour atteindre les rendements souhaités. Ces composants permettent aussi d’augmenter la fréquence de découpage et ainsi, de diminuer la taille des éléments de filtrageThe work carried out as part of this thesis con'sisted in proposing solutions to optimize the cost of electricity consumption in individual housing. The hardware and software tools proposed here make it possible to estimate both the profitability of an electricity management system and the impact of good and simple daily actions. First, some solutions to save money in the single-family home were compared and evaluated. The electrical energy storage system has been introduced. Storage makes it possible, among other things, to shift electricity consumption from peak to off-peak hours and thus save money. In a second part, the prediction of electricity consumption based on fuzzy logic was introduced in order to use the storage system more efficiently. The profitability of storage systems and smart plugs was studied. In a third and final part, a highly efficient energy converter (above 95%) was introduced. The latter is necessarily bidirectional because the energy must be able to pass from the storage system to the distribution network and vice versa. The harmonic distortion rates of the signals must then be as low as possible (here, less than 8%). The originality of the proposed converter also lies in the simplicity of the necessary digital control circuits. SiC power devices were used to achieve the desired energy efficiency values. These components also increase the switching frequency and thus reduce the size of the filter elements
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Berkoune, Djamel. "Optimisation de l'ordonnancement prenant en compte les tâches prévisionnelles". Valenciennes, 2005. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/447b7d18-7b4f-4074-8bd4-e36c1429ef39.
Abstract (sommario):
Le contexte actuel impose aux entreprises des délais de plus en plus serrés, alors que la demande est de plus en plus irrégulière. Dans cet environnement incertain, notre travail concerne la mise en œuvre des méthodologies coopératives pour résoudre les problèmes des job-shops flexibles avec des demandes prévisionnelles. Il s'articule autour de deux parties principales. La première consiste à trouver un ordonnancement pour les demandes fermes. La deuxième consiste à insérer les demandes prévisionnelles dans les solutions initiales en optimisant les critères considérés, en utilisant des méthodes d'insertion (statique et dynamique). Pour tester l'efficacité des solutions, on à déterminer deux approches de calcul des bornes inférieures pour les critères (bornes des demandes fermes et des prévisionnelles). Une méthode de résolution pour les problèmes multicritères en affectant les poids de préférence des critères dynamiquement. Enfin, nous concluons par des d'exemples d'applicationsIn this work, we consider the flexible job-shop scheduling problem with uncertain demands and we develop a new cooperative methodology to solve it. It is organized in two main parts. The first one consists in finding a scheduling for the firm demands. The second one consists in developing methods allowing of insertion the predicted demands in the solutions found initially with insertion methods (static method and dynamic method) while optimizing the considered criteria. To test the effectiveness of these solutions, we determine an approach based on the calculation of the lower bounds for the criteria, which calculation on the firm demands and on the estimated ones. A method of resolution for multicriterion problems is proposed to help the decision maker when it cannot give a particular preference to the criteria. Moreover, we validate these methods on a series of example. Finaly, we conclude this memory by listing some advantages of our methods
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Babin, Anthony. "Optimisation du coût de revient global (TCO) d’un véhicule utilitaire électrique 3,5t ; modélisation multi-physique, dimensionnement et recharge intelligente". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS356.
Abstract (sommario):
Le véhicule électrique est une des solutions de transport respectueuses de l’environnement, n’émettant pas de polluant lors de son utilisation. Gruau, constructeur carrossier pour véhicules utilitaires, se lance activement dans le transport écologique sur le segment de l’utilitaire 3,5t. Afin d’accroitre les ventes de véhicules utilitaires électriques, il est nécessaire d’en réduire le coût total de possession (ou TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)). L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier et de modéliser le comportement des composants de ce véhicule électrique pour simuler des calculs de TCO. Le composant principal étudié est la batterie, dont la durée de vie limitée conditionne la rentabilité du véhicule. La première partie des travaux fut consacrée à la modélisation du comportement du véhicule en fonction d’une mission client donnée. Une étude des cellules de batterie est réalisée dans le but de construire un modèle multi-physique complet en prenant en considération le vieillissement calendaire et le vieillissement en cyclage. Un modèle énergétique global, comprenant ce modèle batterie, permet de déterminer l’énergie nécessaire pour un parcours donné et de simuler le vieillissement des cellules électrochimiques afin de calculer le TCO. Une seconde partie est orientée vers le calcul du TCO. La mise en oeuvre d’un algorithme d’optimisation avec une méthodologie d’accélération des calculs a permis de réaliser les calculs dans des temps raisonnables (passage de 13h à 15min par itération). Après étude de l’impact du dimensionnement de la batterie sur le TCO, il en ressort que la réduction de la capacité n’entraine pas systématiquement la réduction du TCO. Il existe pour chaque mission un point de TCO optimal (jusqu’à 17% d’éconnomie). Afin d’améliorer le TCO, des stratégies de recharge intelligentes sont élaborées et permettent rentabilité accrue du VUE (jusqu’à 29%). Ce travail a été intégré dans un logiciel d’aide à la décision de la capacité de la batterie suivant les besoins du client, destiné aux forces de ventes commercialesThe electric vehicle is one of the environmentally friendly transport solutions that emit no pollutant during its use. Gruau, manufacturer-converter for light commercial vehicles (LCV), is actively involved in green transport in the 3.5t segment. In order to increase sales of electric LCV, it is necessary to reduce its total cost of ownership (TCO). The objective of this thesis is to study and model the behavior of the components of this electric vehicle in order to simulate TCO. The main component studied is the battery, whose limited lifetime will determine the profitability of the vehicle. The first part of the work was devoted to modeling the behavior of the vehicle according to a given customer mission. The study of battery cells was done with the aim of building a complete multi-physics model taking into account calendar aging and cycling aging. Then, this battery model is integrated in a complete energy model taking into account all the components of the studied vehicle. Then a global model, including this battery model, makes it possible to determine the energy required for a given path and to simulate the aging of the electrochemical cells in order to calculate the TCO. A second part is oriented towards the calculation of the TCO. The implementation of an optimization algorithm, with a methodology of computing acceleration, allowed to achieve the computations in reasonable times (reduction from 13h to 15min by iteration). After studying the impact of battery sizing on the TCO, it appears that the reduction of the battery capacity does not systematically lead to the reduction of the TCO. There is therefore an optimum TCO point for each mission (up to 17% savings). In order to improve the TCO, smart recharging strategies are developed and allow increasing e-LCV profitability (up to 29%). This work is integrated into a decision support software relative to the battery capacity according to customer needs, intended for commercial sales forces
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Tan, Jun Liang. "Development of a pitch based wake optimisation control strategy to improve total farm power production". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-304705.
Abstract (sommario):
In this thesis, the effect of pitch based optimisation was explored for a 80 turbine wind farm. Using a modified Jensen wake model and the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) model, a pitch optimisation strategy was created for the dominant turbulence and atmospheric condition for the wind farm. As the wake model was based on the FLORIS model developed by P.M.O Gebraad et. al., the wake and power model was compared with the FLORIS model and a -0.090% difference was found. To determine the dynamic predictive capability of the wake model, measurement values across a 10 minute period for a 19 wind turbine array were used and the wake model under predicted the power production by 17.55%. Despite its poor dynamic predictive capability, the wake model was shown to accurately match the AEP production of the wind farm when compared to a CFD simulation done in FarmFlow and only gave a 3.10% over-prediction. When the optimisation model was applied with 150 iterations and particles, the AEP production of the wind farm increased by 0.1052%, proving that the pitch optimisation method works for the examined wind farm. When the iterations and particles used for the optimisation was increased to 250, the power improvement between optimised results improved by 0.1144% at a 222.5% increase in computational time, suggesting that the solution has yet to fully converge. While the solutions did not fully converge, they converged sufficiently and an increase in iterations gave diminishing results. From the results, the pitch optimisation model was found to give a significant increase in power production, especially in wake intensive wind directions. However, the dynamic predictive capabilities will have be improved upon before the control strategy can be applied to an operational wind farm.
6
Doufene, Abdelkrim. "Architecture des systèmes complexes et Optimisation - Application aux véhicules électriques". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPXX0011.
7
Bourry, Franck. "Management of uncertainties related to renewable generation participating in electricity markets". Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508345.
Abstract (sommario):
L'intégration de production d'électricité renouvelable dans les réseaux d'électricité est rendue difficile à cause du caractère variable et aléatoire de cette production. Le travail de cette thèse se penche sur la participation des producteurs d'énergie renouvelable aux marchés d'électricité, et plus précisément sur les coûts de régulation imputés à ces producteurs pour tout écart entre la production délivrée et la production contractée sur ces marchés. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de cette thèse est de modéliser et d'évaluer les différentes méthodes de gestion de ces pénalisations d'écarts liées à la participation de producteurs d'énergie renouvelable dans les marchés court-terme d'électricité. Ce travail propose d'abord une classification des méthodes existantes pour la diminution de ces pénalités. Les solutions dites physiques, liées au portefeuille de production, sont distinguées par rapport aux solutions dites financières, qui sont basées sur des produits de marché tels que les options. Les solutions physiques sont abordées dans le cadre des centrales virtuelles. Un modèle générique de la pénalisation des écarts d'énergie est proposé. Le problème de prise de décision relatif à ces diverses solutions est ensuite formulé en tant que problème d'optimisation sous incertitude. Cette approche est basée sur une fonction de coût qui est exprimée à partir du modèle générique de pénalités. Enfin, l'incertitude liée à la production renouvelable est considérée à travers une méthode basée sur le risque, qui est mesuré à partir d'outils financiers. Les différentes méthodes sont illustrées avec des cas d'étude basés sur des données réellesThe operation of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) units, such as wind or solar plants, is intrinsically dependent on the variability of the wind or solar resource. This makes large scale integration of RES into power systems particularly challenging. The research work in the frame of this thesis focuses on the participation of renewable power producers in liberalized electricity markets, and more precisely on the management of the regulation costs incurred by the producer for any imbalance between the contracted and delivered energy. In such context, the main objective of the thesis is to model and evaluate different methods for the management of imbalance penalties related to the participation of renewable power producers in short-term electricity markets. First, the thesis gives a classification of the existing solutions for the management of these imbalance penalties. A distinction is made between physical solutions which are related to the generation portfolio, and financial solutions which are based on market products. The physical solutions are considered in the frame of a Virtual Power Plant. A generic model of the imbalance penalty resulting from the use of physical or financial solutions is formulated, based on a market rule model. Then, the decision-making problem relative to both physical and financial solutions is formulated as an optimization problem under uncertainty. The approach is based on a loss function derived from the generic imbalance penalty model. Finally, the uncertainty related to the RES production is considered in the risk-based decision making process. The methods are illustrated using case studies based on real world data
8
Aljubayli, Ramia. "Recherche opérationnelle et équilibrage de ligne d'assemblage orienté coût : le cas de la production d'automobiles dans l'usine syrienne de Hmisho". Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0036.
Abstract (sommario):
Lorsqu’on s’intéresse à une usine de production d’automobiles on découvre que l’atelier de montage est constitué d’un ensemble de stations disposées de manière séquentielle et connectées entre eux par un convoyeur automatique. Une unité de produit parcourt la ligne dans un seul sens et visite toutes les stations pendant une période limitée. Cette unité subit un ensemble d’opérations effectuées par des opérateurs (faible robotisation). Le problème important à résoudre dans l’atelier est l’affectation des opérations aux stations. Il s’agit de ne pas avoir une station plus chargée qu’un autre ; c’est ce que l’on appelle le problème d’équilibrage de ligne de montage. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter les meilleures solutions au ce problème. Nous nous intéressons au cas d’une usine d’automobiles située en Syrie. Il s’agit de résoudre ce problème pour objectif de diminuer les coûts de production. Notre problématique centrale porte donc sur la détermination d’une configuration associée au coût minimal. Pour ce faire nous nous posons la question des méthodes d’optimisation à utiliser. Deux algorithmes issus de la recherche opérationnelle sont proposés. Le premier est une méthode exacte basée sur la programmation dynamique et le deuxième est un algorithme heuristique basé sur l’algorithme ‘glouton’. En appliquant ces algorithmes aux données de l’usine syrienne Hmisho nous trouvons que le deuxième algorithme donne de bon résultat relativement à la minimisation des coûts de productionHaving a closer look at an automobile manufacturing plant, we find that the assembly line consists of many stations arranged sequentially. A product unit runs through the line in one direction and visits all stations that are interconnected by an automatic conveyor. This unit is subject to a series of operations carried out by operators for a limited time. During this period the operators should carry out all the required operations assigned to this station (less automation). The important issue to be addressed in the workshop is assigning operations along an assembly line in a way that no station is loaded more than the others. This issue is known as: the assembly line balancing problem. The objective of this thesis is to provide an optimal solution to this problem. Our study discusses the case of a manufacturing plant located in Syria. The study tries to solve the assembly line balancing problem with an objective of reducing production costs. Therefore, our key issue deals with determining a configuration associated with the minimum costs including the examination of optimization methods to be used. Two algorithms of operational research are proposed. The first is an exact method based on dynamic programming and the second is a heuristic algorithm based on the “Greedy” algorithm. By applying these algorithms to data of the “Hmisho Syrian plant” we find that the second algorithm gives better results with respect to the minimization of the production costs
9
Allen, Benoît. "Optimisation d'échangeurs de chaleur : condenseur à calandre, réseau d'échangeurs de chaleur et production d'eau froide". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27364/27364.pdf.
10
Al, Abo Omar Emad. "Nouvelle approche pour la maîtrise de production des chantiers de bâtiments : le prototype OSEP d'Organisation, de Suivi et d'Evaluation de la production". Chambéry, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CHAMS002.
Abstract (sommario):
La production est incontestablement une activité très complexe, notament pour la production des bâtiments. La maîtrise de la productivité dans le domaine de la construction est un réel problème puisque les entreprises de construction sont confrontées à un grand défi : pour un prix de marché donné, l'entreprise s'engage, devant le maître d'ouvrage, à réaliser le projet. La marge obtenue à la fin du projet est difficilement prévisible. Nous développons ensuite toute une méthodologie basée sur un nouveau modèle de côut et des indicatuers de productivité (MCIP) permettant d'évaluer les coûts et de mesurer la productivité selon différents modes d'évaluation. Enfin, nous proposons une nouvelle génération d'outils informatiques facilitant les tâches de comparaison et de suivi. Le prototype informatique OSEP développé dans cette recherche, de type système interactif d'aide à la décision, répond aux exigences des entreprises de construction pour l'Organisation, le Suivi et l'Evaluation de Production des chantiers de bâtiments. Ce prototype est validé sur une opération de construction réelle de soixante logements à Chambéry (France)Production is incontestably a very complex activity, in particular for the production of buildings. The control of productivity in construction industry is a real problem since companies are confronted with a great challenge : for a given selling price, the company engages, in front of the owner, to complete the project. The margin obtained at the end of project is not easily foreseeable. We propose to insert a new powerfull approach based on a computer-integrated and logistic on the building sites and their organization for ensuring a better control of production. Then, we develop a whole methodology based on a new cost and productivity indicators model (CIPM) allowing to access the project cost and to measure the productivity according to various evaluation modes. Finely, we propose a new generation of decision support tools facilitating the comparison and follow-up tasks. The prototype OSEP was developed for the organization, follow-up and assessment of the production on building sites. It is validated on a real construction operation of sixty flats in Chambéry (France)
Libri sul tema "Optimisation du coût total de production":
1
Cunningham, Paul. Be Always Sure Inputs Create Success: 12 Lean Six Sigma Tools and Techniques to Reduce the Cost of Quality from the Coal Face Out. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
2
Cunningham, Paul. Be Always Sure Inputs Create Success. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
3
Cunningham, Paul. Be Always Sure Inputs Create Success: 12 Lean Six Sigma Tools and Techniques to Reduce the Cost of Quality from the Coal Face Out. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
4
Cunningham, Paul. Be Always Sure Inputs Create Success: 12 Lean Six Sigma Tools and Techniques to Reduce the Cost of Quality from the Coal Face Out. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
5
Six Sigma+Lean toolset: Executing improvement projects successfully. Berlin: Springer, 2008.
6
John, Alexander, Renata Meran, Olin Roenpage, Christian Staudter, Astrid Schmitz e Stephan Lunau. Six Sigma+Lean Toolset: Executing Improvement Projects Successfully. Springer, 2010.
7
John, Alexander, Renata Meran, Olin Roenpage, Christian Staudter e Stephan Lunau. Six Sigma+Lean Toolset: Mindset for Successful Implementation of Improvement Projects. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2015.
8
Meran, Renata. SIX SIGMA+LEAN TOOLSET: MINDSET ZUR ERFOLGREICHEN UMSETZUNG VON VERBESSERUNGSPROJEKTEN. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2014.
9
John, Alexander, Renata Meran, Olin Roenpage e Christian Staudter. Six Sigma+Lean Toolset. Springer, 2008.
10
Six Sigma+Lean toolset: Executing improvement projects successfully. Berlin: Springer, 2008.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Optimisation du coût total de production":
1
Petruzzi, Marina A., Áurea Rodrigues, Michelle Moraes e Antonia Correia. "An analysis of meal sharing reviews to explore serendipity". In Sustainable and Collaborative Tourism in a Digital World. Goodfellow Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911635765-4855.
Abstract (sommario):
In the period 2008-2018, the positive variation of tourism industry receipts was higher than the worldwide GDP growth (UNWTO, 2019a). In 2018, the European Union was the region with the highest total tourist receipts, while France and Italy were amongst the top six tourism earners in the world (UNWTO, 2019a). In the case of France, “consumer foodservice accelerated its digitalisation in 2018, which allowed for improved customer experiences and/or production optimisation. Whilst operators widely innovated in terms of digital tools to consolidate or gain share, digital usage varies significantly between channels” (Euromonitor International, 2019a: 45). The mentioned adaptation is not only related to the use of new technologies, but to the experience itself. In the Italian market, for example, “consumers are also showing themselves to be increasingly willing to try new products, ingredients and flavours” (Euromonitor International, 2019b: 33). Cross-cultural empirical studies confirm that novelty-change is a fundamental dimension inherent to innovation in food products (Guerrero et al., 2009). Another important aspect for travellers’ food experiences is surprise, which was related to the simplicity, complexity and genuineness of these moments (Goolaup, Solér & Nunkoo, 2018). In recent years, the number of innovative tourism experiences in terms of sharing economy initiatives has increased (WEF, 2019). Amongst the factors that influenced the growth of sharing economy after 2007 were the reduction of consumer trust in corporations and the purchasing power of consumers (European Union, 2013). In this context, some activities emerged and became key sectors in this area, such as home and car-sharing (Sigala, 2015), which is expected to present a revenue variation from USD 15 billion to USD 335 billion in the period 2014-2025 (UNWTO, 2019b). Concerning meal-sharing platforms, they are considered a potential market, which is currently underdeveloped (UNWTO, 2019b). Conceptually, the sharing economy can be defined as “individuals offering their underutilized assets to others using digital platforms” (Bakker & Twining-Ward, 2018: 13). Thus, amid the aspects that differentiate sharing economy practices from traditional markets are the digital technologies that are used to match consumers and sellers, as well as the word of mouth reviews (Schor, 2014; WEF, 2017). Furthermore, the sharing economy is used to be related to eco-friendly initiatives, like the circular economy (OECD, 2019).
Atti di convegni sul tema "Optimisation du coût total de production":
1
Underbakke, Harald, e Jon Jakobsen. "Energy Optimisation and Reduction of CO2-Emission on the North Sea Sleipner Gas Production Platform". In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0348.
Abstract (sommario):
There is increasing focus in the industry towards energy efficiency and reduction of CO2 emission. In Norway this has also been strengthened by the introduction of the CO2-tax which in most cases more than doubles the fuel cost. In the North Sea production platforms operated by Statoil there has been a continuing optimisation program to reduce amount of fuel and flare gas for many years. Optimisation has been done in maintaining high efficiency in gas turbine power production, reducing especially gas compression power demand by simple modifications and process optimisation, and reduce flaring by operating procedures and simple modifications. This has on the Sleipner platforms led to reduction of fuel gas consumption by more than 15 % and flaring has been reduced by 90 %. The total reduction of CO2 to atmosphere from Sleipner field is some 250 000 tons CO2 per year. Many of these improvements would also have been justifiable without the CO2-tax. This paper describes the various fuel and flare reduction activities done on the Sleipner field and outlines some of the possible further improvements currently being considered.
2
Valouiski, Konstantin, Afiq Azreen Zainuddin, Andrei Kalistratov, Ahmad Zawawi Abd Rajab, Siti Najmi Farhan Zulkipli, M. Mokri Misren, Arun Balachandran, Siti Nor Dahliawati Zulkefli e Adli Zaim Awal. "Optimisation of Plug and Abandonment Process Utilising Nuclear Technology for through Tubing Cement Evaluation". In SPE Symposium: Decommissioning and Abandonment. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208478-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract One of the major factors in the well plug and abandonment (P&A) process is to provide a proper isolation in aging wells which requires effective placement of the cement plug in the most suitable location in the well. Identifying cement placement is usually achieved by running cement evaluation logging to define the quality of cement and top of cement depth behind and in between the casing annuli. However, this comes with significant costs due to tubulars or casings removal requirement prior to logging run in order to conduct a proper evaluation. This is necessary since acoustic and ultrasonic based cement evaluation technologies will not be able to determine cement quality behind several casing layers if the job is done through tubing. The cost involved is substantial especially in offshore operation in which the daily operating rate is significantly higher compared to an onshore operation. A new approach to cement evaluation has been tested during the well P&A campaign in one of the aging oil fields in offshore, Peninsular Malaysia. A nuclear based technology comprised of Gamma-Gamma, Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Gamma measurements were utilized to evaluate cement integrity behind production casing and between production casing as well as intermediate casing while logging run was deployed through tubing in memory mode. Log data was compared with acoustic and ultrasonic based cement evaluation technology that was deployed after the tubing was pulled out in one of the wells. Results had shown a consistent finding with the conventional ultrasonic based cement evaluation data. Based on the logging results, cement placement design and depth was finalized and the cement plug was successfully tested as outlined in the well P&A guideline. Findings from this logging run had provided useful insight to the operator to validate the nuclear based thru tubing cement evaluation technology for wells P&A application. Huge cost saving could be captured through this application as a result of eliminating total rig days via offline cement evaluation logging and based on the results obtained planning for the exact well P&A design requirement prior to the rig arrival. This paper will outline the method, tools used to acquire the cement evaluation data and its operational advantages. Acquired data will be presented and discussed along with the methodology used to determine cement volume and top of cement depth behind and in between the casings.
3
Jansing, Steffen, Roman Moehle, Barbara Brockmann e Jochen Deuse. "The hybrid analysis as a disseminator in the field of motion economics studies through machine learning methods and rule-based knowledge". In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003573.
Abstract (sommario):
Manufacturing companies are increasingly confronted with the challenges of market globalisation, a shortening of product life cycles and a growing diversity of variants. New and flexible approaches to optimizing production processes and their planning ability are therefore needed to secure competitiveness in a sustainable way. Manual assembly in particular is a cost factor in the manufacturing industry and takes up a high proportion of the total production time. In addition to the efficient design of assembly processes, the ergonomic assessment and optimisation of work systems to avoid health hazards is also becoming increasingly important, also in consideration of demographic change. Currently, high personnel costs for the analysis of the workplace as well as special technical requirements for the employees in industrial engineering are identified as problematic. Especially for small and medium-sized companies with limited capacities in planning and existing competence levels of the employees, this aspect represents a hurdle that should not be underestimated. The following paper discusses the hypothesis that a combined approach of machine learning and rule-based knowledge as a hybrid analysis is suitable for transferring motion data captured by motion capturing into rule-conforming analyses in a semi-automated way. For this purpose, the new process building block system MTM-Human Work Design is used, which documents the required influencing factors chronologically and makes them variably evaluable in order to create time measurements and ergonomic execution analyses.
4
Balakrishnan, Raj Kiran, e Sung-ho Hur. "Maximisation of Wind Farm Power Production Using the Teaching Learning Based Optimisation Algorithm". In ASME 2023 5th International Offshore Wind Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iowtc2023-119580.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The wake effect is a significant challenge in wind farm power production, as it can greatly reduce the output power of the wind farm. Wake redirection control (WRC) is a wake control strategy that effectively improves wind farm power production. A realtime optimisation approach is developed to implement WRC in the wind farm. This approach uses teaching learning-based optimisation (TLBO) to solve the real-time wind farm optimisation problem. This algorithm is applied to a wind farm model of a real-life 20-turbine wind farm in South Korea. The model is created using FLORISSE_M, the MATLAB version of the FLORIS (FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady-state) model. The objective function of the optimisation problem is to maximise the total power output of the wind farm, and control variables are the yaw angles of the turbines in the wind farm. The simulations are conducted for various mean wind speeds, i.e., 6, 8, and 10 m/s, and for different wind directions, i.e., 0 to 330 degrees, incremented by 30 degrees. The results show that implementing the real-time optimisation on a 20-turbine wind farm with WRC incorporated significantly improves overall wind farm power production. The optimised yaw angles from the FLORISSE_M are validated with a high-fidelity wind farm model called SOWFA (Simulator for Wind Farm Applications). The results of the SOWFA simulation show significant agreement with the optimised yaw angles from the FLORISSE_M model. The total wind farm power output is also improved in the SOWFA simulation.
5
Ifelebuegu, Augustine O., e Zydan H. Zydan. "Field Evaluation of Improved Oil Recovery Methods in a Libyan Oilfield". In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2544230-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT Intisar A oil field is a Libyan field located in Concession 103 and has been in production since 1968. In this paper, we report the field evaluation results of the various productions enhancement techniques and initiatives applied for incremental oil production. The impact of improved recovery by various waterflood optimisation processes including infill well drilling, installations of ESPs, current well re-completion, and conversion wells were evaluated taking into consideration surface facility constraints. An incremental total daily production of 9872 STB/D was achieved in the overall optimisation projects with infill horizontal well drilling producing the highest incremental recovery. The internal rate of return for the overall project was 72% and a payback period of 3.4 years. The lessons learned, and recommendations for future development of the field were established.
6
Obong, Benjamin, Pius Adegoke, Soba Osuji-Bells, David Ogbonna, Hassan Salisu, Onyinyechi Ekerenduh e Segun Adomokhai. "An Integrated Approach To Production Optimization In Ageing Gas Lifted Fields- Ikanto Field Experience". In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211961-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract In many ageing fields, there is a constant need to optimize production performance of the wells to ensure that they continue to deliver value. As a field matures, with high water and sand cut production from the wells, water breakthrough from water flooding projects and other artificial pressure maintenance programs, the produced fluid water cut and gas-oil ratio will be changing. For such fields, the optimal use of existing surface facilities is critical to sustaining and increasing well rates leading to a corresponding reduction in production costs. In the Ikanto field, Gas Lift is the preferred artificial lift method, and has been so for over twenty years. However, with increased water production from the wells, the field separating train is faced with handling produced water in the separator train. Other challenges in the gas lift system including obsolete field metering equipments, meter calibration and maintenance challenges, etc, have impacted optimization opportunities from the gas lifted wells. The resulting consequence is the inability to fully determine optimal lift gas injection rates if the lift gas injection into the well is over or under-injected in line with advised lift gas rates from well performance models. An important input for gas lift optimization is the volumetric flow rate of injection gas. This data can help experienced Production engineers and field technicians determine if the lift gas injection into the well is optimal, thus providing directional guidance on what change(s) should be made to improve the well performance. In order to ensure that the asset value is enhanced, an integrated approach to maximizing production from the field was deployed ranging from the upgrade and automation of the existing gas lift infrastructure in the field vis-à-vis carrying out gas lift system optimisation, carrying out de-bottlenecking of parts of the production system, and the installation of real time surface monitoring systems. In this paper, the results of the optimization efforts in the Ikanto field are discussed. The analysis of the results has resulted in an upscale of total daily production from the field by over thirty percent (30%).
7
Bassey, B. O., e P. Cunningham. "Wax/Hydrate Flow Assurance of North Sea Pipeline-Riser System Using Integrated Production Modelling". In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35134-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Flow assurance problems usually impede fluid transfer across process facilities especially in low-temperature regions, where oil and gas produced contain more wax as fields mature, and hydrates form at certain temperatures and pressures in facilities transporting acidic gases produced along with hydrocarbons. This study undertook a mechanistic, compositional modelling of a subsea gas condensate pipeline-riser system in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. The objectives were to forecast wax and hydrate problems; estimate the operating conditions necessary for formation; predict their impacts on facility throughput, well deliverability and reservoir performance; and inform the design of mitigation schemes to enhance flow assurance, production optimisation and asset integrity. Integrated production modelling (IPM) was deployed to process data extrapolated from the literature through a graphical user interface (GUI) that links different specialist software packages within the suite and considers the entire asset as a total production system from reservoir to point-of-sales. Fluid composition data from crude assays was fed into PVTp to generate the required PVT data, which was imported to GAP along with process parameters to predict wax and hydrate deposition in the pipeline-riser system. The GAP model was then connected to RESOLVE to run manual and automatic mitigation programs for wax and hydrate deposition in the system. Predicted data obtained were plotted against relevant functions to analyse the effects of these issues and the modelled mitigation schemes on production and asset integrity. A critical analysis of manual and automatic mitigation designs for each of wax and hydrate modelling is provided. Wax risk was detected by GAP at the pipeline section connecting two wells, while hydrate risk was detected at another pipeline section. Two sections were found to indicate both hydrate and wax risks. A proactive approach to wax-hydrate monitoring was thus recommended to enable the detection and troubleshooting of other production issues before they escalate. Though the present tools are based on steady state flow, they should find application in facilities operating in mature fields with declining production rates that approximate the flow regime of the simulator. The acquisition and incorporation of algorithms from dynamic simulators was also advocated to enable composite models to be built by future research and simulations run in the more practical transient state as the IPM suite undergoes regular upgrades. No previous study in the literature has been found to report the use of the modelling tools of this paper for wax-hydrate flow assurance. This study is hoped to provide unique approach to integrated flow assurance from reservoir to point of sales; a key advantage of IPM. The recommendations had informed the development of a transient simulator by the software provider.
8
van Berlo, M. A. J., e Harry de Waart. "Unleashing the Power in Waste: Comparison of Greenhouse Gas and Other Performance Indicators for Waste-to-Energy Concepts and Landfilling". In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1937.
Abstract (sommario):
A CO2-evaluation is made for landfill and Waste-to-Energy (WtE) concepts. Different concepts are identified and compared for their performance on energy and materials recovery. Performance indicators for WtE are compared; like energy efficiency, EXergy efficiency, the R1-D10 formula from the EU Waste Framework directive, and CO2-emission and avoidance. It is shown that, due to the biomass content and the avoidance effect due to the recovery of energy and materials, conventional WtE has a near zero CO2-emission per ton of waste. Optimised WtE can have a significant negative overall emission of 200–300 kgCO2/ton of waste. This means an absolute net avoidance of CO2 by WtE. The reduction relative to land filling is as much as 500–1200 kgCO2/ton of waste. The potential for optimisation of the energy recovery as well as the material recovery of the WtE infrastructure is demonstrated. If WtE is evaluated as a power plant, an optimised plant can have an emission of only 0,336 kgCO2/kWh, lower than a gas fired electrical power plant, and this absolute figure does not include the avoided landfill emissions. With CHP this can be reduced even further. The actual potential of electricity production from WtE for the EU-15 is calculated to be over 7,5% of total electricity production. Additionally heat and the metal recoveries could be doubled.
9
Falcone, Gioia, e Claudio Alimonti. "The Challenges of Multiphase Flow Metering: Today and Beyond". In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29527.
Abstract (sommario):
Since the early 1990’s, when the first commercial meters started to appear, Multiphase Flow Metering (MFM) has grown from being an area of R&D to representing a discipline in its own right within the oil and gas industry. The total figure for MFM installations worldwide is now over 1,800. Field applications include production optimisation, wet gas metering, mobile well testing and production allocation. However, MFM has not yet achieved its full potential. Despite an impressive improvement in the reliability of sensors and mechanical parts (particularly for subsea installations) over the past few years, there remain unresolved questions regarding the accuracy and range of applicability of today’s MFM technology. There is also a tendency to forget the complexity of multiphase flow and to evaluate the overall performance of a MFM as a “black box”, often neglecting all the possible uncertainties that are inherent in each individual measurement solutions. This paper reviews the inherent limitations of some classical MFM techniques. It highlights the impact of instruments rangeability, empirical correlations for pressure drop devices and fluids characterisation on the error propagation analysis in the “black box”. It also provides a comprehensive review of wet gas definitions for the oil and gas industry. Several attempts have been made to define “wet gas” for the purpose of metering streams at high gas-volume-fractions, but a single definition of wet gas still does not exist. The measurement of multiphase flows presents unique challenges that have not yet been fully resolved. However, the challenges are exciting and the authors have no doubts that new milestones will soon be set in this area. Today’s MFM technology has already become one piece of the optimised production system jigsaw. MFM has succeeded in fitting with other technologies toward global field-wide solutions. The ideal MFM of the future is one that provides unambiguous measurements of key parameters from which the flow rates can be deduced independently from flow regimes and fluid properties.
10
Thomas, Mitra, Benjamin Kirollos, Dougal Jackson e Thomas Povey. "Experimental and CFD Studies of NGV Endwall Cooling". In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95639.
Abstract (sommario):
For engines operating at high turbine entry temperatures it is increasingly important to cool the high pressure nozzle guide vane (HP NGV) endwalls. This is particularly so for low NOx combustors operating with flatter outlet temperature distributions. Double-row arrangements of film/ballistic cooling holes upstream of the NGV passage have been employed in production engines. Optimisation of such systems is non-trivial, however, due to the complex nature of the flow in the endwall region. Previous studies have reported that strong cross passage pressure gradients lead to migration of coolant flow and boundary layer flow within the passage. In addition the vane potential field effects lead to non-uniform blowing ratios for holes upstream of the vanes. It has also been reported that inlet total pressure and turbulence profiles have a significant effect on the development of the film cooling layer. In this study, endwall film cooling flows are studied experimentally in a large-scale low-speed cascade tunnel with engine-realistic combustor geometry and turbulence profiles. At very low blowing ratios mild cross-passage migration effects are observed. At higher blowing ratios more realistic of the engine situation no cross-passage migration is observed. This finding is somewhat contrary to the classical view of endwall secondary flow, which is presented as significant at the scale of the vane passage by several authors. The difference arises in part because of the thinning of the boundary layer due to strong acceleration in the vane inlet contraction. The findings are further supported by CFD simulations. Methods of improving conventional double-row systems to offer improved cooling of the endwall are also discussed.