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Tesi sul tema "Older people Nutrition"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2024

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1

Lin, Jou-Chia. "The nutritional effects of the Elderly Nutrition Program: Title III-C for the Menomonie congregate-site meal program participants". Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999lin.pdf.

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2

Roth, Ruth A. "Differences in nutrition knowledge of the elderly according to nutrition risk levels, levels of education, age and gender". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941354.

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Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of the study was to examine nutrition knowledge of elderly congregate meal site participants with particular interest directed towards nutrition risk levels and the demographic characteristics of education, age, and gender. The population utilized in this study were 120 elderly, both male and female, over the age of 60 years who attended ten congregate meal sites in Allen County, Indiana and who volunteered to participate. The researcher administered a 25 question nutrition knowledge survey and the 10 question Determine Your Nutritional Health Checklist at the meal sites. The study was designed to determine if there was a significant difference in nutrition knowledge among elderly at congregate meal sites who exhibit varying nutrition risk, education, and age levels and between elderly men and women. The conclusion was that there was a significant difference between nutrition knowledge of men and women with women scoring more correct answers on the survey. Although not shown statistically other preliminary findings suggest the need for further research; a greater proportion of females than males were in the lowest nutrition risk level; the 60-74 years olds had a higher nutrition knowledge average score than did the two older groups. Further, those with 9-11 years of education and in the lowest nutrition risk level (all females) had the highest nutrition knowledge score; and males with less than eight years of education had the lowest nutrition knowledge score and a preponderance of those were in the moderate or high risk level. The researcher also concluded that more nutrition education is needed for these participants, but it must be geared to their learning level to be effective.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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3

Jia, Xueli. "Nutrition, survival, and cognitive decline in older people". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186836.

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4

L'Italien, Matthew R. "Longitudinal Nutrition Risk Assessment of the Elderly". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LItalienMR2004.pdf.

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5

Shapiro, Sheryl Lynn 1961. "NUTRITION AND HEALTH PRACTICES: A STUDY OF HOW SOURCES OF NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION, NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, HEALTH LOCUS OF CONTROL, AND MOTIVATING FACTORS TOWARD PREVENTIVE HEALTH CONTRIBUTE TO THE ADEQUACY OF THE HEALTHY ELDERLY DIET". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291265.

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6

Yeh, Mei-Chun Patty. "Nutrition knowledge, health benefits and use of nutrition suppliements among older adults in Northwestern Wisconsin". Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000yehm.pdf.

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7

Rozario, Suzanna R. "Evaluation of Nutrition Risk and Body Mass Index in Maine Seniors". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/RozarioSR2006.pdf.

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8

Barake, Roula. "Correlates and consequences of vitamin D status in older people". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86736.

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Abstract (sommario):
It is well established that vitamin D contributes to bone health. New evidence from cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies and a few clinical trials suggest that vitamin D status may play a role in functional capacity declining with age; however, there are some gaps in these studies yet to be examined. Little is known about vitamin D status in healthy, free-living, older people in North America. Older individuals may be more vulnerable due to low vitamin D intake and limited endogenous synthesis. Thus, the objectives of this thesis were to (i) determine the distribution of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in healthy older people living in Québec and determine how season, age, sex and supplement consumption affect this distribution; (ii) determine to what extent vitamin D intake from foods, supplements and proxy measure of sunlight exposure explain the variation in serum 25(OH)D concentrations, controlling for the effects of age and sex; and determine the dietary predictors of optimal concentration of 25(OH)D; and (iii) examine whether vitamin D status can predict change in functional decline capacity over 1 and 2 years, controlling for season and other potential confounders. Data for this study have been obtained from a random sampling of 405 participants from the NuAge cohort study of 1793 independently-living men and women aged 68 to 82 years at baseline. The NuAge sample is a stratified sample of participants in three age categories 70 ± 2 years, 75 ± 2 years and 80 ± 2 years with approximately equivalent numbers of men and women in each group. For objective (i), a cross-sectional design was applied. Serum 25(OH)D was assessed using radioimmunoassay. Data were analyzed controlling for age, sex, season and other potential confounders. For objective (ii), six 24-hour recalls were obtained for the same subjects as the first study also in a cross-sectional design. In addition to nutrient intake, foods were grouped into 6 food group
Il est bien établi que la vitamine D contribue à la santé osseuse. Des données récentes d'études transversales, de cohortes prospectives et d'essais cliniques suggèrent que la vitamine D pourrait jouer un rôle dans la diminution des capacités fonctionnelles avec l'âge; toutefois, certaines lacunes de ces études n'ont toujours pas été étudiées. On sait peu de choses au sujet des niveaux de vitamine D chez les personnes âgées autonomes, en bonne santé, vivant en Amérique du Nord. Ces personnes peuvent être plus vulnérables aux carences d'une part à cause d'un faible apport en vitamine D et, d'autre part, à cause d'une synthèse endogène limitée. Ainsi, les objectifs de cette thèse étaient de (i) déterminer la distribution des concentrations sériques de 25 hydroxy vitamine D [25 (OH) D] chez les personnes âgées en bonne santé, vivant au Québec et de déterminer comment la saison, l'âge, le sexe et la consommation de suppléments affectent cette distribution; (ii) de déterminer dans quelle mesure l'apport alimentaire de vitamine D, l'apport de suppléments et la saison peuvent expliquer les variations des concentrations sériques de 25 (OH) D, en contrôlant pour les effets de l'âge et du sexe, ainsi que de déterminer l'apport alimentaire idéal de vitamine D pour obtenir un niveau optimal de 25 (OH) D; et, finalement (iii) d'évaluer l'effet de l'état nutritionnel en vitamine D sur la diminution des capacités fonctionnelles pendant 1 et 2 ans, tout en prenant en compte la saison et d'autres variables de confusion potentielles. Cette étude repose sur des données obtenues auprès d'un échantillon aléatoire de 405 participants de l'étude de cohorte NuAge, composée de 1793 hommes et femmes âgés entre 68 et 82 ans au départ, vivant de façon indépendante. Cet échantillon est stratifié selon trois catégories d'âge: 70 ± 2 ans, 75 ± 2 ans et 80 ± 2 ans, avec des nombres comparables d'hommes et de femmes dans chaque gr
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9

Burke, Linda Fiona. "Evaluation of a physical activity and nutrition program for older people". Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/790.

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The aim of the program was to develop, implement and evaluate a low cost, accessible, sustainable, replicable physical activity and nutrition program that would ultimately reduce chronic disease. The thesis demonstrates the importance of evaluation pre, during and post intervention. The program was successful, data from the intervention group improved in areas of physical activity, dietary behaviours, and anthropometric measures, in comparison to the control group participants.
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10

AZZOLINO, DOMENICO. "NUTRITION AND FRAILTY: HOW TO CAPTURE THE COMPLEXITY OF OLDER PEOPLE". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/886598.

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The older population is characterized by a high clinical complexity. Poor nutritional status is highly prevalent in older people and has been repeatedly evoked as a major contributor to several health-related negative outcomes. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the contribution of nutrition in some age-related conditions, taking into account the older people’s complexity. Study I. We explored the association between lack of energy and malnutrition in nursing home residents. Lack of energy was highly prevalent in our sample (i.e., 43.2%). We found a significant association between malnutrition and lack of energy, independent of potential confounders. Decrease in food intake, reduced mobility, and psychological stress or acute disease in the past 3 months were identified as the items of the Mini Nutritional Assessment contributing the most to the association between malnutrition and lack of energy. Study II. We investigated the association between unintentional weight loss and mortality in a population of older patients undergoing hemodialysis. Older patients experiencing unintentional weight loss during the follow-up period had a 3.4-fold risk of death independently of comorbidities and other risk factors. Study III. We explored the prevalence of frailty and its association with hospitalization and mortality in a population of older patients undergoing haemodialysis. Study III outlined a high prevalence of frailty (i.e., 55.2%) among older patients undergoing haemodialysis. Frailty was significantly associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and all-cause mortality in our sample. Conclusions. Nutritional status is an aspect frequently overlooked, despite it has been repeatedly evoked as a major determinant of health status in all stages of life. Our findings clearly show the role of nutritional status as a mediator of several health-related conditions in older people. Indeed, given the burden it poses in terms of adverse health outcomes, increased (research) efforts should be paid to nutritional status. A multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach is pivotal for the early identification of people presenting nutritional issues in order to prevent the onset of serious complications.
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11

Hoogenboom, Mary Sue. "Factors related to on-site and off-site nutrient intake of participants in the elderly nutrition program : demographics and functional status". Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897496.

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Energy and nutrient intake from congregate meals (CM), noncongregate meals (NCM) and total daily intake (TDI) was studied for differences associated with age, income, education, marital status, gender, race, vitamin-mineral supplementation, Body Mass Index, Health Assessment, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL).TDI was less than 100 percent of Recommended Dietary Allowances for energy, vitamin B6, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Men, single and divorced subjects, and those most educated had significantly greatest intake for various nutrients from CM and TDI; widows had the least. Racial effect was mixed. Young-old had greatest intakes from NCM and TDI. High intake from CM plus NCM did not make TDI adequate.CM was significantly associated with transportation (IADL) and walking (ADL). Those with some problems had lowest nutrient intakes; those with none, the greatest. For toileting (ADL), NCM and TDI intakes were greatest for those with considerable difficulty; lowest for those with some.
Department of Home Economics
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12

Ing, Amy. "Food consumption patterns and nutrient intake of homebound elderly". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55503.

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Food consumption patterns and their association with nutrient intake in 290 homebound elderly living in Sherbrooke, Quebec were: investigated. Dietary data were collected using three repeated non-consecutive 24-hour recalls and sociodemographic, physical, physiological and psychosocial characteristics were measured. Factor and cluster analyses were used to define food patterns. Due to the homogeneous dietary patterns of this population, neither the five factors nor six clusters formed were distinct. There were few dietary predictors of nutrient intake as mean intakes of energy, folacin, calcium, vitamin D and zinc by subjects in all clusters were inadequate. Protein intakes were also marginal. Eating beef predicted higher intakes of protein, niacin and zinc for women. Smoking predicted both poorer food choices and nutrient intake. A diagnosis of emphysema predicted higher food intakes. Recommended dietary changes for this population include increased consumption of dairy products and other protein sources as well as energy-dense foods in order to increase micronutrient intake and prevent weight loss in some individuals.
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13

Benoit, Julie E. "Evaluation of Nutritional Risk in Maine's Senior Population with an Emphasis on how Whole Grain Intake Affects Nutritional Status". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BenoitJE2008.pdf.

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14

Littbrand, Håkan. "Physical exercise for older people : focusing on people living in residential care facilities and people with dementia". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Geriatrik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-39784.

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The main purposes of this thesis were to evaluate a high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise pro­gramme, regarding its applicability (attendance, achieved intensity, adverse events) as well as its effect on physical functions and activities of daily living (ADL) among older people living in residential care facilities, with a special focus on people with dementia. Furthermore, a main purpose was to systematically review the applicability and effects of physical exercise on physical functions, cognitive functions, and ADL among people with dementia. A high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme that includes lower-limb strength and balance exercises in standing and walking, was evaluated in a randomised controlled trial among 191 older people, dependent in ADL, living in residential care facilities, and with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of ten or more. One hundred (52.4%) of the participants had dementia. Participants were randomised to an exercise programme or a control activity, consisting of 29 supervised sessions over 3 months, as well as to an intake of a protein-enriched energy supplement or a placebo drink immediately after each session. The effect on physical functions was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale, usual and maximum gait speed, and one-repetition maximum in a leg press machine measuring lower-limb strength. The effect on ADL was evaluated using the Barthel Index. These outcome measures were followed up at 3 and 6 months by blinded assessors and analysed using the intention-to-treat principle. The evaluation of the applicability of the high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme showed that there was a high rate of attendance, a relatively high achieved intensity in the exercises, and all except two adverse events were assessed as minor or temporary and none led to manifest injury or disease. No statistically significant differences were observed in applicability when comparing participants with dementia and participants without dementia. In addition, the applicability of the programme was not associated with the participants’ cognitive function. Significant long-term effects of the exercise programme were seen regarding functional balance, gait ability and lower-limb strength in comparison with the control activity. The intake of the protein-enriched energy supplement did not increase the effect of the training. Age, sex, depression, dementia disorder, nutritional status, and level of functional balance capacity did not influence the effect on functional balance of the high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding overall ADL performance. Analyses for each item revealed that a significantly smaller proportion of participants in the exercise group had deteriorated regarding indoor mobility at 3 and 6 months. For people with dementia, there was a significant difference in overall ADL performance in favour of the exercise group at 3 months, but not at 6 months. In a systematic review, randomised controlled trials, evaluating the effects of physical exercise among people with dementia, were identified according to pre-defined inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently extracted predetermined data and assessed methodological quality. Ten studies were included in the review and the majority of the participants were older people with Alzheimer’s disease living in residential care facilities. Four studies reached “moderate” methodological quality and six “low”. The results showed that among older people with Alzheimer’s disease in residential care facilities, combined functional weight-bearing exercise over 12 months at an intended moderate intensity seems applicable for use regarding attendance and adverse events and there is some evidence that the exercise improves walking performance and reduces ADL decline. Furthermore, there is some evidence that walking exercise over 16 weeks performed individually, where the participant walks as far as possible during the session, reduces decline in walking performance, but adverse events need to be evaluated. In conclusion, among older people who are dependent in ADL, living in residential care facilities, and have an MMSE score of 10 or more, a high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme is applicable for use and has positive long-term effects on functional balance, gait ability, and lower-limb strength and seems to reduce ADL decline related to indoor mobility. An intake of a protein-enriched energy supplement immediately after the exercise does not appear to increase the effect of the training. In people with dementia, the exercise programme may prevent decline in overall ADL performance, but continuous training may be needed to maintain that effect. The positive results regarding applicability and effects of combined functional weight-bearing exercise among people with dementia is confirmed when the scientific literature is systematically reviewed. It seems to be important that exercise interventions among people with dementia last for at least a few months and that the exercises are task-specific and intended to challenge the individual’s physical capacity. Whether physical exercise can improve cognitive functions among people with dementia remains unclear. There is a need for more exercise studies of high methodological quality among people with dementia disorders.
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15

Liu, Pui-shan, e 廖珮珊. "The dietary pattern of elder Chinese adults: findings from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724499.

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16

Pettit, Robert T. "Preferences of entree items by elderly congregate meal participants according to age and gender". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941373.

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A food preference questionnaire, utilizing the Food Action Rating Scale (FACT), was developed from entrees used in congregate meal sites throughout the United States and its territories. The list of entrees was reduced to 43 choices. The FACT questionnaire was distributed to all of the participants at the Healthy Lunch Sites served by Area 6 program in East Central Indiana. There were 357 people, age 60 or older, that completed the questionnaire. Their responses were compared by age and gender. Differences in preferences of entrees were noted depending on age and gender. The five most liked entrees of the total group are Country Steak / Brown Gravy, Cubed Steak, Salmon Patties, Chicken and Noodles, and Pork Roast. The five most disliked entrees are Cheese Enchilada / mild or spicy, Turkey Divan, French Dip Sandwich, Boiled Cod, and Bean Burrito / mild or spicy. Their responses were tabulated using factor analysis. A total of eleven clusters of entrees factored together. This provided groups of entrees that received similar scores. For example, some of the groupings were turkey entrees, chopped meat and sauce, barbecued meats, fish entrees. These results can be used by menu planners to assist in writing menus. By locating an entree on one of these tables that is well liked by the group being served, the other foods listed on that particular table can be served alternately during the remainder of the menu cycle to provide a high food acceptance.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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17

Subki, Manal. "Assessment of the nutritional status of frail elderly persons participating in geriatric day hospital rehabilitation program". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33847.

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We assessed the nutritional status and physical function of 121 women (79.4 +/- 6.6 y, 26.8 +/- 5.6 kg/m2) and 61 men (78.6 +/- 8.3 y, 26.6 +/- 4.7 kg/m2) participating in the Geriatric Day Hospital. According to a composite index of malnutrition, 19% of them were found malnourished whereas the Mini-Nutritional Assessment, a validated nutritional screening tool, found that 56% of the elderly were malnourished or at risk for malnutrition. Malnourished persons, as determined by the composite index, had a lower lean body mass (LBM) by bioelectrical impedance analysis compared with the well-nourished group (40.5 +/- 9.7 vs. 42.0 +/- 8.7 kg, p = 0.0001). LBM correlated significantly with handgrip strength (r = 0.34, p = 0.0001) but not with gait speed (r = 0.04, p = 0.27). There were no significant differences between nutritional states for any of the two tests of physical function. The score of the MNA, correlated with gait speed (r = 0.24, p = 0.02) but the performance at the physical tests was not different according to the nutritional status defined by this tool. We conclude that malnutrition is relatively prevalent among frail persons participating in the Geriatric Day Hospital and that malnutrition is one among many other factors that contribute to their low level of physical performance. As such, a nutritional intervention may be of benefit in improving the physical function of frail elderly persons who are malnourished.
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18

Choi, Heesun 1954. "EFFECTS OF AGING ON NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277103.

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19

Chaomuangbon, Sunthorn. "The Response of Elderly People to a B-6 Supplement". Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500731/.

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Vitamin B-6 status was examined in a group of 46 elderly subjects who were selected from nursing home residents, hospital patients, and free living individuals in Denton County. Subjects were limited to men and women over 60 years of age. Erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase stimulation with pyridoxal phosphate (in-vitro) was studied as the biochemical criterion of vitamin B-6 status. The pyridoxine status of these 46 subjects (the reference group) was measured in order to be able to identify people with a relatively poor B-6 status. A sub-group of the reference group was composed of 4 subjects who took B-6 supplements (supplemented group). There was no significant difference (0.05 level) in the basal activity, stimulated activity, percentage stimulation, or body weight, after treatment with 10 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride for 4 weeks, even though all 4 subjects had an improved B-6 status (based on percentage stimulation) after taking the supplement. The data indicated that of the 4 subjects tested, 2 showed a large change in the basal activity, stimulated activity, and percentage stimulation. The lack of significant difference (0.05 level) was probably due to a small sample size. One subject reported an increased appetite and body weight after treatment with pyridoxine.
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Deng, Hanbing, e 鄧寒冰. "Validation of dietary and physical activity measures in an older Chinese population". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39556888.

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Boeger, Kelly L. "Effect of living arrangement and meals eaten alone on the nutrition status of older adults /". View online, 2008. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131414052.pdf.

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Carlsson, Maine. "Nutritional status, body composition and physical activity among older people living in residential care facilities". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Geriatrik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43780.

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The main purpose of this thesis was to study, whether drinkable yoghurt enriched with probiotic bacteria could have any effect on constipation and body weight (BW) among older people with dementia. Further, it concerns poor nutritional status among older people with physical and cognitive impairments and its relationship with factors commonly occur in older people living in residential care facilities. It also discusses how body composition changes with ageing and the associations between changes in muscle mass and functional balance after a high-intensity weight-bearing exercise program (the HIFE program) and the ingestion of an additional milk-based protein-enriched energy supplement. A six-month feasibility study that included a probiotic drink was performed among 15 old people who were living in special units for people with dementia and who all had constipation. The effects of the probiotic drink on stool habits, and BW were studied. The outcome measures were followed daily for bowel movements and at three and six months for BW. The staff found the study easy to carry out and that the drink was well accepted by the participants. No convincing beneficial effects on stool habits were observed. In addition, a mean BW loss of 0.65 kg/month was registered. A poor nutritional intake, low physical activity level, and an over-night fast of almost 15 hours, 4 hours longer than recommended were also observed. As a part of the FOPANU Study (Frail Older People-Activity and Nutrition Study), a randomized controlled trial was carried out in Umeå - the associations between nutritional status and factors common among old people with physical and cognitive impairments living in residential care facilities was studied. Assessments were made of nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale, fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) using both bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) and skinfold thickness measurements. The effects of a high- intensity functional exercise program with an additional protein-enriched milk drink on ability to build muscle mass were evaluated. Analyses were made to investigate whether nutritional status, assessed using the MNA scale, was associated with medical conditions, drugs, activities of daily living (Barthel ADL index), cognitive impairment (Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)), and depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)) at baseline. The associations were assessed with multiple linear regression analyses with additional interaction analyses. An independent association was found between poor nutritional status and having had a urinary tract infection (UTI) during the preceding year and being dependent in feeding for both women and men, and having lower MMSE scores for women. A large proportion of the participants, were at risk of malnutrition or were already malnourished. Women, but not men, had significantly lower Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) and Fat Mass Index (FMI) with age. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy results correlated with skinfold thickness measurements, but on different levels on value for FM%. Despite the high-intensity exercise had long-term effects (at six months, three months after the exercise) on functional balance, walking ability and leg strength. No effects on muscle mass and no additional effects from the protein-enriched drink could be observed after the three months of high intensity exercise. A negative, long-term effect on the amount of muscle mass and BW was revealed at six months (three months after the intervention had ended). The effects from the exercise did not differ for participants who were malnourished. No statistical interactions were observed between sex, depression, dementia disorder, and nutritional status, and the level of functional balance capacity on the outcome at three or six months. In summary, the majority of the included older people with dementia had a low dietary intake, low physical activity level, and lost BW despite receiving a probiotic drink supplement every day for six months. The supplementation had no detectable effect on constipation. Among the participants in the FOPANU Study, UTI during the preceding year was independently associated with poor nutritional status. Being dependent in feeding was associated with poor nutritional status as were lower MMSE scores for women but not for men. Despite the high-intensity exercise program had long-term effects on the fysical function was no effect on the amount of muscle mass at three months observed. The FFM and FM expressed as indexes of body height were inversely related to age for women, but not for men. A high-intensity exercise program did not have any effect on the amount of muscle mass. The ingestion of a protein-enriched drink immediately after exercise produced no additional effect on the outcome and the results did not differ for participants who were malnourished. The negative long-term effect on amount of muscle mass, and BW, indicate that it is necessary to compensate for increased energy demands during a high-intensity exercise program. High age, female sex, depression, mild to moderate dementia syndrome, malnutrition, and severe physical impairment do not seem to have a negative impact on the effect of a high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise program. Consequently, people with these characteristics in residential care facilities should not be excluded from training and rehabilitation including nutrition. More research is needed in large randomized controlled trials to further explore the association between energy balance and malnutrition among frail old people, with a special focus on UTI and constipation, but also to study how physical exercise affects older people’s nutritional status.
Embargo
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23

Horwath, Caroline Christine. "A random population study of the dietary habits of elderly people". Title page, contents and synopsis only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh824.pdf.

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Chan, Mee-kie Maggie, e 陳美琪. "Protein-energy malnutrition among Chinese elderly medical patients in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971489.

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25

Hutchings, Linda Lorraine 1949. "A NUTRITION EDUCATION NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND PROGRAM EVALUATION OF TITLE III-C NUTRITION PROGRAMS IN PIMA COUNTY (ELDERLY, MEAL ACCEPTANCE, ETHNICITY, SUPPLEMENTS, ARIZONA)". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276892.

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MacIntosh, Caroline Gabrielle. "Investigation of the 'anorexia of ageing'". Title page, contents and summary only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm15187.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 349-421) Addresses some of the mechanisms which may potentially contribute to the physiological anorexia of ageing, as suggested by previous animal and human studies.
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Broberg, Berit, e Linnéa Noren. "Näringstillförsel för äldre personer med demenssjukdom". Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-306.

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The aim of this littrature review has been to describe how you can satisfy the need of nourishment for older people who suffer from dementia. Data has been retrieved by searches in Academic Search Elite, Sience Direct, Blackwell, PubMed and in the Journal Vård i Norden. The studies show that most of the people with dementia have a hard time to satisfy the nourishment. The results show that through different preventive measurement you can improve the nourishment for these people, to set the table, play calm music and to have a table companion. By taking the food oneself created a good meal environment and the individually need was provided for. A good oral status improved the nutritional status. Patients who got nourishment addition put on weight or retained their weight. Nursing staff wished and needed more education in nutrition for older people with dementia.

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28

Smith, Elaine S. "Quality of life and nutritional risk in elderly home-delivered meal recipients and non-recipients". Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1154781.

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This study evaluated the impact of receiving a home-delivered meal on the quality of life and nutritional risk of elders who were unable to attend congregate meal sites and who were unable to safely prepare a hot meal. Forty-three subjects on a waiting list were matched with a group currently receiving home-delivered meals. Matching criteria were functional needs measure, age, gender, and living arrangement.Home visits were conducted to collect the data and verify demographic information. Nutritional risk was assessed by the Nutrition Screening Initiative's Determine Checklist. Quality of life was measured across various domains including a global quality of life self-rating, mental health appraisal, functional ability, and food enjoyment. Two tailed t-tests failed to show differences in quality of life and nutritional risk between the groups at the 0.05 level of significance.In addition, the study reviewed the resources for meal preparation and grocery shopping possessed by the meal non-recipients that allowed them to remain at home without a meal provided. A significant difference was seen in the number of resources reported for meal preparation assistance with the meal non-recipient group reporting more informal resources.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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29

Poland, Betty Brown. "An analysis of nutrition education received by senior citizens in the state of Virginia: Title III congregate meals". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43271.

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The nutrition education component of the Virginia Agency on Aging congregate meal program of both rural and urban sites was studied. The focus of the study was the frequency of formal nutrition education, the source of the nutrition information received, the type of educational techniques that appeared to be most successful, the nutrition education background of the person offering the educational lesson, and whether or not there was positive response in dietary changes as a result of the nutrition education. A questionnaire distributed by mail was completed by 121 congregate meal sites throughout the Commonwealth. Analysis of all components revealed no significant difference between the nutrition education received in rural and urban sites in Virginia. Most meal sites received nutrition education at least once a month. The attendance rate by the seniors was the same as the attendance rate of other educational programs as reported in 80 percent of the meal sites. Most sites used materials the employee classified as professional sources. The study indicated that 77 percent of the site employees perceived an improvement in the dietary habits of the elderly as the result of the nutrition education provided by the congregate meal program.
Master of Science
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30

Hoogenboom, Mary Sue. "Factors related to nutrient intake of participants in the elderly nutrition day care and homebound program : demographics and functional status". Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917015.

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Energy and nutrient intake from agency meals (AM), other meals (OM) and total daily intake (TDI) of 61 day care and homebound subjects was studied for differences associated with age, income, education, marital status, living arrangements, gender, race, vitamin-mineral supplementation, Body Mass Index (BMI), Health Assessment (HA), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL).The AM provided more than one-third of the recommended allowances for all nutrients except vitamin B6 plus energy for men. TDI was low because of inadequate OM intake. TDI was less than 100 percent of recommended amounts for zinc plus fiber for women. were most significantly associated with intake from OM and TDI followed by education and income. No age, marital status or racial effects were noted.The ADLs and the IADLs were problematic for most of the participants. They were positively correlated with energy and nutrient intake, as intakes increased so did functional difficulties.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306
Center for Gerontology
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31

Patel, Minaxi. "The laxative effect of kiwifruit [thesis submitted in fulfilment of the] Master of Applied Science, Auckland University of Technology, June 2003". Full thesis. Abstract, 2003.

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32

Passavant, Corinne Cay 1952. "CONTROL THROUGH SELECTION OF FOOD AT MEALTIME AND ITS AFFECT UPON INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY'S MORALE". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276373.

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33

Chalermsri, Chalobol. "Understanding food choices and practices among older people in Thailand – an exploratory study". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-391138.

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Background: Food choice and practice of older people is very significant for their health and well-being. Earlier studies have focused on the choices made by older people in developed countries. Therefore, this study aimed to explore food choices and practices among older people in Thailand from the perspectives of older people themselves and their caregivers. Methodology: The study was performed in Samut Sakhon, Thailand. Six Focused Group Discussions and six semi-structured interviews were conducted with older people and their caregivers. The discussions and interviews explored individual food practices and the factors influencing the type and quantity of food selected. Data were transcribed using the denaturalized and verbatim approach, and analysis followed an inductive thematic approach. Results: Both older people and caregivers shared that price and convenience were two common food choice values. Some also mentioned nutritional value as a determining factor. Older people worried about unhygienic food and food which contained chemicals or was contaminated. They were concerned about food preparation process, dirt from pollution of the locality etc. Culture affected the way old people ate with their families, and what they chose to eat. Furthermore, the national Fishery law had a negative impact upon their food selection habits. Conclusion: Older people’s food choice was the outcome from their personal mental processes that weighted, balanced, and prioritized each food choice value such as affordability, convenience, availability or nutritional benefits. To encourage healthy eating habits among older people, individual needs and opinions should be taken into consideration.
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Chidester, June C. "Adequacy of fluid intake of an elderly nursing home population". Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845937.

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The actual fluid intake of forty (40) residents of a nursing home was determined by an analysis of detailed three-day food and fluid intake records obtained by direct observation. Intake was compared to an established standard to determine the adequacy of fluid intake for this population. Subjects were grouped in two groups according to age (<85 years and >85 years) to determine whether age influenced fluid intake. In addition, data such as number and frequency of medications and dependency factors, such as ability to feed self, ability to communicate, ability to move and ability to make decisions, were collected and correlated.There was no significant difference between actual fluid intake and required fluid intake for the population a whole and for the two age groups. However, there were individuals who had very low fluid intakes suggesting other factors which influence fluid intake. There were positive correlations between fluid obtained from non meal feedings and frequency of medication delivery and number of medications delivered during a 24 hour period. In addition, there were positive correlations among the dependency factors. There was no correlation among any of the dependency factors and fluid intake for the group as a whole or for the two age groups.It was concluded from this study that this population of elderly nursing home residents obtained adequate fluid. Medication frequency and number appeared to influence the amount of fluid that a resident might obtain during non meal feedings. However, as a subject became more dependent, this factor did not affect the fluid intake of this population.
Department of Home Economics
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35

Bergström, Lena, e Gunnartz Karin. "Hur sjuksköterskan bedömer, åtgärdar och följer upp nutritionsstatus hos äldre i särskilt och ordinärt boende". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-59656.

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Bakgrund: Ett av sjuksköterskans ansvarsområden är omvårdnaden för nutrition till äldre i särskilt eller ordinärt boende. Flera studier visar att det råder risk för undernäring bland äldre vilket bland annat orsakas av bristande födointag, sämre munstatus, flertal mediciner. För att utreda nutritionstatus hos de äldre kan sjuksköterskan eller annan hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal använda ett bedömningsinstrument. För att de äldre ska bibehålla god nutritionsstatus bör bland annat ett välfungerande samarbete mellan olika professioner finnas. Syfte: Var att undersöka hur sjuksköterskan bedömer, åtgärdar och följer upp nutritionsstatus hos äldre i särskilt och ordinärt boende. Metod: Studien är en tvärsnittsstudie som redovisas med beskrivande statisstik. Populationen var sjuksköterskor som arbetade mot särskilt och ordinärt boend. Enkäter lämnades ut till 112 sjuksköterskor varav 65 besvarades.   Resultat: Studien visade att få av respondenterna var specialist mot distrikt eller äldresköterska. Det förekom bristfälligt utbildning inom nutrition, och en stor andel av sjuksköterskorna beskrev att chefen inte arbetar tillräckligt avseende nutritionsfrågor. Bedömningsinstumentet MNA användes i de flesta fall. Det saknades rutiner för överrapportering av risken för undernäring. Samarbete mellan sjuksköteskorna i studien och dietist ansågs vara litet. Slutsats: Det finns ett behov av att hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal erbjuds utbildning i ämnet nutrition. Det framkommer att det finns ett behov av mer stöd ifrån organisationen vad gäller bland annat rutiner för överrapportering mellan olika vårdinstanser vid risk för undernäring. För att behålla god nutritionstatus hos de äldre är det viktigt med ett gott samarbete mellan de olika professionerna.
Abstract   Background: One of the nurse's responsibilities include the care of nutrition for older people in special or regular housing. Several studies show that there is a risk of malnutrition among older people, due to for example, lack of food intake, poor oral status, multiple medications. To investigate the nutritional status in older people, nurses or other health professionals should use an assessment instrument. In order to maintain good nutritional status among older people, a well-functioning cooperation between different professions is necessary. Aim: Was to investigate how the nurse assesses, addresses and monitors the nutritional status of older people living in particular and ordinary housing. Method: The study is cross-sectional and is reported by descriptive statistics. The population was nurses who worked in special and regular housing. Questionnaires were sent to 112 nurses of which 65 were answered. Results: The study showed that few of the respondents were district nurses. There was inadequate training in nutrition, and a large proportion of the nurses described that their managers did not work enough with nutrition issues. The assessment instrument MNA is used in most cases. Lack of procedures regarding reporting of risk of malnutrition was described. Cooperation between nurses and dietitians was considered small by respondents. Conclusion: There is a need of education in nutrition for health care professionals.  There is a need for more support from the organization such as procedures/guidelines of how risk of malnutrition should be reported between different care institutions. To maintain good nutritional status in older people  it is important to have a good cooperation between various professional categories.
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Wong, Yee-man Cora, e 黃綺雯. "Malnutrition in hospitalized geriatrics: a pilot study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31223710.

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Tang, Kwan-yi Emily, e 鄧君儀. "Nutritional status of hospitalized geriatrics and the effects of branched-chain amino acids supplementation on pressure sore healing". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31223461.

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Paulino, Elen Daniele [UNESP]. "Análise fatorial exploratória aplicada a dados de avaliação do estado nutricional de idosos". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87494.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Os idosos normalmente tem baixo consumo alimentar, devido o processo de envelhecimento, resultando em um grave problema, a desnutrição, que associada a idade elevada merece muita atenção. Para um diagnóstico nutricional claro, que possibilite uma intervenção nutricional adequada, deve ser realizada uma avaliação precisa do estado nutricional dos idosos. Essa avaliação e feita com os indicadores objetivos e subjetivos. Os indicadores utilizados para o presente trabalho foram os objetivos: antropométricos e bioquímicos. As variáveis antropométricas foram massa corporal total, estatura, circunferência do braço, circunferência muscular do braço, área de gordura do braço, as dobras cutâneas tricipital, bicipital, subescapular e supra-ilíaca, porcentagem de gordura corporal, circunferência da panturrilha e índice de massa corpórea; e as bioquímicas foram albumina, transferrina e proteína C reativa. Um grande desafioo para a nutrição é agrupar e interpretar as variáveis antropométricas e bioquímicas conjuntamente. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar a análise de componentes principais nos dados de uma amostra de 113 idosos, para explicar com um menor número de variáveis a maior parte das informa çoes no conjunto original de dados, seguida da análise fatorial exploratória nos mesmos dados, para obter fatores que agrupem as variáveis originais em subconjuntos de novas variáveis mutuamente não correlacionadas. As análises foram realizadas para todos os idosos, com todas as variáveis, e depois, com a retirada das variáveis que possuem baixas correlações com as demais, foram realizadas novas análises para todos os idosos, para os idosos divididos por faixa etária, e por sexo. Com a análise de componentes principais foi possível concluir que a variável circunferência do braço é a mais...
Elderly people usually have low nourishment consumption, due to the aging process, which results in a serious problem, malnutrition, and, when it is associated with age, it's certainly an issue that deserves special attention. In order to achieve a clear nutritional diagnosis, that is, one that allows an adequate nutritional intervention, it is necessary to develop a nutritional assessment of the elderly. Such assessment can be carried out using objective and subjective indicators. Some of the objectives indicators, anthropometric and biochemical indicators, were approached in this study. The anthropometric variables considered were total body mass; height; arm circumference; arm muscular circumference; arm fat area; triceps, biceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thickness; body fat percentage; calf circumference and body mass index. The biochemical variables considered in this study were albumin, transferrin and C-reactive protein. Both grouping and interpreting the biochemical and anthropometric variables taken together constitute a major challenge for nutrition. Thus, the objective of this study was performing a principal component analysis for a sample of 113 elders, in order to maximize the explanation of the original data set using fewer variables as possible and then perform an exploratory factor analysis, over the same data, to extract the factors that group up the original variables in a subset of new, mutually non-correlated variables. The analysis were carried out for all elders using all variables and then new analysis were held for all elders, divided into age and sex classes, using the remaining variables after the removal of the lowest correlated ones. Through the principal component analysis, it was possible to conclude that the arm circumference is the most important, that is, the variable which has... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Joof, Forsgren Erika. "Förändringsarbete inom äldreomsorgen : - ett kostprojekt". Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4922.

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Bakgrund: Verksamhetschefer, sjuksköterskor, utvecklingsledare och kostombud har påbörjat ett förbättringsarbete gällande kosten på ett särskilt boende för äldre i en mellansvensk kommun. Syftet: Att beskriva omvårdnadspersonalens uppfattning om förbättringar, försämringar samt inflytande gällande måltidsmiljön, efter att riktlinjer kring kosthållningen införts. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats och en beskrivande design. Tjugofem omvårdnadspersonal intervjuades om sina uppfattningar. Resultat: Det framkom i studien att omvårdnadspersonalen till största del uppfattade att förbättringar skett kring kosthållningen efter införandet av de nya riktlinjerna. Omvårdnadspersonalen uppfattade att det hade påverkat de äldres vardag positivt genom: trevligare måltidsmiljö, hälsosammare och godare mat, kortare nattfasta samt ökat självbestämmande för de äldre. Det som uppfattades negativt var att det nya arbetssättet uppfattades som stressigt för viss personal på grund ökad disk och längre måltider. Flertalet av omvårdnadspersonalen uppfattade att de inte varit delaktiga i utformningen av riktlinjerna och det fanns svårigheter att få all personal till att arbeta enligt riktlinjerna. Slutsats: Författaren menar att denna studie har visat att det går att utföra förändringsarbete med gott resultat.


Background: In one district of Sweden, improvements in the diets of the older people in a nursing home are being implemented by staff.  The staff included managers, nurses, dietary assistants and development workers. Aim: To explore nursing assistant perceptions of the advantages, disadvantages and influence around the meal environment after implementing new guidelines. Method: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach Twenty-five nursing assistants were interviewed about their perceptions. Results: It was found that the perceptions of the majority of the nursing assistants’ were some improvement in the wake of the new dietary guidelines. Furthermore, it was reported that the guidelines had appeared to affect the elderly in a positive fashion by improving the meal time environment, by providing healthier and better quality food, shortening the period between meals at night and increased their autonomy. The disadvantages of the new guidelines were that some staff found the new approach stressful owing to an increased amount of cleaning and longer meal times. In addition, the majority of staff felt that they were not included in the creation of the guidelines and there were also difficulties in implementing them across all staff members. Conclusion: According to the author this study shows that it is possible to work for change to the better in the care for older people.

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Chan, Yim-ting Tina, e 陳艷婷. "Effect of a diabetes specific formula in the blood sugar and blood lipid profiles and nutritional status of type II diabetes living innursing homes : a prospective randomized trial". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971507.

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姚士樑 e Shi-leung Yiu. "Implications of dietary fiber supplementation for the health of hospitalized geriatrics". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227028.

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Kullberg, Kerstin. "Food in older men with somatic diseases : Eating habits and approaches to food-related activities". Licentiate thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106429.

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The overall aim was to improve the knowledge and understanding of eating habits of older men with somatic diseases, and the men's perceptions about managing food-related habits, such as grocery shopping and cooking. A total of 67 men between 64 and 89 years of age were visited in their homes on two occasions with 1-2 weeks in between. The participants were diagnosed with one of the three diseases Parkinson’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or stroke. A food survey, with repeated 24-h recall, was used to assess food intake and meal patterns. Interviews with 18 participants were conducted with open-ended questions. The interviews were further analysed with a thematic framework approach.The findings showed that eating events were distributed over a 24-h period.Further, co-living men had a significantly larger number of eating events over the day (p=0.001). No differences in daily energy intake were observed between co-living and single-living men. Co-living men’s hot eating events were compared with those of single-living men more often cooked from fresh ingredients (p=0.001), including a greater mix of vegetables/roots (p=0.003).Thematic analysis revealed three different approaches to food-related activities(FRA), namely ‘Cooking as a pleasure’, describing joy in cooking; ‘Cooking as a need’, indicating no habits or skills in cooking; and ‘Food is served’, that is, being served meals by a partner. The men's approaches to FRA were affected in particular by gender-related roles, but also by changed life circumstances, activity limitations, personal interests, and a wish to maintain continuity and independence. Further adaptive strategies were used among the men in attempts to maintain continuity and independence in FRA. In conclusion, single-living older men, especially those with activity limitations, were identified as being a vulnerable group from a nutritional perspective. Further, health care efforts in promoting FRA should preferably be individualised with respect to the older man’s approach to these activities.

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Marshall, Molly J. "Relationship between oral health status and body mass index for residents in a transitional care center". Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1154773.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between oral health status and body mass index for residents in a Transitional Care Center. The population utilized in this study were 193 males and females between the ages of 16-98 years old who were admitted to the Transitional Care Center at Columbus Regional Hospital in Columbus, Indiana. The researcher obtained informed consent from each participant upon admission to the subacute unit. The information used for this study was obtained from the Minimum Data Set located in each resident's medical record. Subjects were divided in two groups according to age, less than 75 years old and > 75 years old to determine whether age had an effect on oral health status and body mass index.The conclusion was that there was a difference between males and females. Women had a higher BMI than males for both age groups. Participants less than 75 years old were more likely to have a higher body mass index compared with subjects > 75 years of age. Seventy-four percent of those aged > 75 years old wore dentures or a removable bridge compared with 56% of younger subjects (< 75 years old).Although no statistically significant relationship was found between oral health status and body mass index, a trend was noted. As the number of oral health problems increased for individuals, body mass index decreased. The types and prevalence of specific oral health problems were reported indicating a need for further research into relationship between obesity, oral health, lifestyle factors, availability of dental care, and nutrient intakes for the elderly population.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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Bennett, Bob, Mary Botts, Alberto Chavez e Bob Woodward. "Community resource usage by the elderly: A study of senior citizens in the Western Riverside County Brown Bag Program". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2565.

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Rosendahl, Erik. "Fall prediction and a high-intensity functional exercise programme to improve physical functions and to prevent falls among older people living in residential care facilities". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-756.

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Debia, Nicole. "Longevidade e hábitos alimentares: questões socioculturais e representações de idosos longevos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21411.

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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo - PUCSP
Aging is a process that incorporates changes not only biological, but also sociocultural, psychic and historical, characterized by its heterogeneity. With the advance of several sectors of Brazilian society, including primary and secondary health care systems, we experience the progression of longevity and the amount of elderly reaching the eighth decade of life and beyond. However, as the amount of years lived increases, so does the probability of vulnerability and disability. Behaviors involving appropriate eating habits, physical exercise practice and smoking abstention may contribute to prevent diseases and promote longevity. However, assimilation of proper feeding in routine depends on several sociocultural and economic factors. The central aim of this study was to investigate perceptions and representations of long-living older adults about their food habits, considering the relationship between food, longevity and their sociocultural meaning, more specifically: To systematize conceptual-theoretical basis of analysis to compose the references about aging, old age, culture and feeding; To outline the profile of the elderly respondents; and To characterize eating habits and their representations about food and longevity. This is an exploratory study with qualitative approach through content analysis and interviews with thirteen long-living older adults in São Paulo city. The sample profile consisted in high prevalence of women, widows, foreign and domestic (countryside inhabitants) immigrants, in cohabitation with other relatives, presence of chronic disease, Catholics, absence of smoking and financial vulnerability, in addition to low illiteracy level. All respondents reported changes in eating habits during their life course, mainly the ingestion of a greater sort of food. Among the main factors which influenced this practice, were included: information about the relationship between feeding and longevity received by media sources; food restriction from religious or cultural conceptions and the trivial food consumed over the years. It´s considered that beyond relationship between food consumption and life expectancy, conceptions related to other aspects were significant, among them, lifestyle and religiosity, illustrating aging complexity, as well as the need of multiprofessional engagement when thinking in health promotion. The importance of family proved to be significant and immigrant status was a preponderant factor in feeding patterns changes. Taboo-breaking shows itself essential, in view of new trials in feeding and nutrition sector. Finally, this research contributes to the development of new studies on the interface between nutrition and aging, as well as emerges as new a proposal in public policies in food sector and nutrition education programs focusing the elderly population
O envelhecimento é um processo que incorpora mudanças não somente biológicas, mas também socioculturais, psíquicas e históricas, caracterizando-se por sua heterogeneidade. Com o avanço de diversos setores da sociedade brasileira, incluindo saúde primária e secundária, nos deparamos com a progressão da longevidade e do número de idosos que atingem a oitava década de vida ou mais. Porém, juntamente com o aumento dos anos vividos, aumenta a probabilidade de vulnerabilidade e dependência. Atitudes que envolvam hábitos alimentares adequados, prática de exercícios físicos e abstenção do tabagismo podem contribuir para a prevenção de doenças e favorecer a longevidade. Entretanto, incorporar alimentação adequada na rotina depende de diversos fatores de ordem econômica e sociocultural. O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi investigar percepções e representações de idosos longevos sobre seus hábitos alimentares, considerando a relação entre alimentação, longevidade e seu significado sociocultural, mais especificamente: sistematizar a base teórico-conceitual das análises para composição de referências sobre envelhecimento, velhice, cultura e alimentação; delinear o perfil dos idosos entrevistados; caracterizar hábitos alimentares e suas representações sobre alimentação e longevidade. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa por meio da análise de conteúdo e entrevista com treze idosos longevos residentes no município de São Paulo. O perfil da amostra consistiu em maior prevalência de mulheres, viúvas, imigrantes estrangeiros e internos (zona rural), em coabitação com outros parentes, presença de doença crônica, católicos, ausência de tabagismo e de vulnerabilidade financeira, além de baixo nível de analfabetismo. Todos os entrevistados referiram mudança de hábitos alimentares ao longo da vida, principalmente em relação à ingestão de maior variedade de alimentos. Dentre os principais fatores que influenciaram nessa prática, foram incluídos: informações sobre a relação entre alimentação e longevidade recebidas principalmente pela mídia; restrição alimentar a partir de concepções religiosas ou culturais e o trivial consumido ao longo dos anos. Considera-se que, mais do que a relação do consumo alimentar com o longeviver, concepções relacionadas a outros aspectos vividos se fizeram expressivas, entre elas, o estilo de vida e religiosidade, demonstrando a complexidade do envelhecer, bem como a necessidade de engajamento multiprofissional ao se pensar na promoção da saúde. A importância da família mostrou-se significativa e a condição de imigrante foi fator preponderante na mudança de padrões alimentares. A quebra de tabus mostra-se essencial, tendo em vista novas experimentações no campo da alimentação. Coloca-se como possível contribuição da presente pesquisa o desenvolvimento de novos estudos com interface entre nutrição e envelhecimento, além da proposição de políticas públicas na área da alimentação e programas de educação nutricional voltados para o segmento idoso
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47

Forster, S. E. "Nutritional supplementation of older people during acute illness". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427255.

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48

Garrido, Carrasco Patricia Elena. "Intervención educativa en ancianos receptores de un servicio de teleasistencia destinado al incremento de conocimientos sobre alimentación y actividad física y a la reducción del riesgo de inseguridad alimentaria, malnutrición y sedentarismo (ICAAF-RIMAS)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668101.

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Abstract (sommario):
El envejecimiento de la población comporta una mayor necesidad de servicios de cuidado para las personas mayores y la necesidad de tener en cuenta parámetros alimentarios y de actividad física para asegurar una óptima calidad de vida. El objetivo general es evaluar una intervención educativa en aspectos de la alimentación y de la actividad física orientada a la mejora de los conocimientos relacionados con la salud y que ayude a la reducción del número de individuos en riesgo de malnutrición, de inseguridad alimentaria y de inactividad física entre las personas mayores de 65 años que reciban un servicio de teleasistencia. Se diseñó un estudio analítico, experimental y longitudinal con una muestra poblacional de 38 usuarios y con grupos experimental (n=19) y control (n=19) aleatorios. Se realizaron valoraciones de riesgos sobre alimentación y actividad física (agrupados en una escala de riesgo), sobre depresión y sobre conocimientos alimentarios. Para realizar estas valoraciones, se recogieron los siguientes datos: • Conocimientos de nutrición y de seguridad alimentaria evaluados mediante dos cuestionarios de conocimientos. • Riesgo de inseguridad alimentaria (IA) valorado mediante el Cuestionario Rápido de Evaluación de la Seguridad Alimentaria (CRESA) y el cuestionario validado y reducido USDA Food Insecurity. • Grado de depresión medido con el cuestionario GDS. • Riesgo de malnutrición valorado mediante el cuestionario validado Mini- Nutritional Assessment (MNA). • Riesgo de caídas valorado mediante el cuestionario de detección del riesgo de caídas OBL (One Balance Leg) y riesgo de sedentarismo 7 evaluado mediante el cuestionario validado LAPAQ - LASA Physical Activity Questionnaire. El riesgo total está compuesto por el riesgo alimentario (formado por el riesgo de IA y por el de malnutrición) y por el riesgo de inmovilidad (formado por el riesgo de caídas y por el de sedentarismo). Se observó que un 58% de los sujetos del grupo experimental experimentaron una mejora en este índice, mientras que en el grupo control sólo la alcanzaron un 16%. Esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p=0,006). De los cuatro riesgos básicos que forman el riesgo total, solo el riesgo de inseguridad alimentaria se vio afectado por la intervención. Un 53% de los sujetos del grupo experimental experimentaron una mejora en este índice, mientras que en el grupo control sólo la alcanzaron un 10,5%. Esta mejora fue estadísticamente significativa (p=0,10). El riesgo alimentario también disminuyó de manera estadísticamente significativa (p=0,008). La disminución de las puntuaciones en el grupo experimental fue más numerosa que en el control (63% de los sujetos en el primero frente a un 16% en el segundo). El riesgo de inmovilidad no disminuyó. Se confirmó una mejora estadísticamente significativa de los conocimientos de seguridad alimentaria (p=0,004). La mejora de las puntuaciones en el grupo experimental fue mayor respecto al control, con un 68% y 42% de individuos con mejora respectivamente. Los conocimientos de nutrición no obtuvieron una mejora significativa. Adicionalmente, se confirmó una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p=0,016) entre el riesgo de depresión y el de malnutrición. Finalmente, se propuso un protocolo para incluir a los usuarios con un GDS positivo en una intervención educativa en hábitos de vida saludable.
The aging of the population implies a greater need for care services for the elderly and the need to take into account food parameters and physical activity to ensure an optimal quality of life. The general objective is to evaluate an educational intervention in aspects of food and physical activity aimed at improving health- related knowledge and helping to reduce the number of individuals at risk of malnutrition, food insecurity and physical inactivity among people over 65 who receive a telecare service. An analytical, experimental and longitudinal study was designed with a population sample of 38 users and with randomized experimental (n = 19) and control (n = 19) groups. Risk assessments were performed on food and physical activity (grouped on a risk scale), on depression and on food knowledge. To perform these assessments, the following data were collected: • Nutrition and food safety knowledge assessed through two knowledge questionnaires. • Food insecurity (IA) risk assessed through the Fast Food Safety Assessment Questionnaire (CRESA) and the USDA Food Insecurity validated and reduced questionnaire. • Degree of depression measured with the GDS questionnaire. • Malnutrition risk assessed through the validated Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. • Fall risk assessed by the OBL (One balance Leg) fall risk detection questionnaire and sedentary risk assessed by the LAPAQ-LASA Physical Activity validated questionnaire. The total risk is composed of the food risk (formed by the risk of IA and that of malnutrition) and the immobility risk (formed by the fall risk and that of sedentary). It was observed that 58% of the subjects in the experimental group experienced an improvement in this index, while in the control group they only reached 16%. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.006). Of the four basic risks that make up the total risk, only the food insecurity risk was affected by the intervention. 53% of the subjects in the experimental group experienced an improvement in this index, while in the control group they only reached 10.5%. This improvement was statistically significant (p = 0.10). Food risk also decreased in a statistically significant way (p = 0.008). The decrease in the scores in the experimental group were more numerous than in the control group (63% of the subjects in the first versus 16% in the second). The immobility risk did not decrease. A statistically significant improvement in food safety knowledge was confirmed (p = 0.004). The improvement of the scores in the experimental group was greater than in the control group, with 68% and 42% of individuals with improvement respectively. The knowledge of nutrition did not obtain a significant improvement. Additionally, a statistically significant association (p=0,016) was confirmed between the risk of depression and that of malnutrition . Finally, a protocol was proposed to include users with a positive GDS in an educational intervention in healthy lifestyle habits.
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49

Larsson, Ylva, e Marie Vestin. "Näringsproblematik på ett äldreboende : ur ett gastronomiskt perspektiv". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8082.

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När människan åldras medför det en förändrad fysiologi och metabolism vilket ökar risken att drabbas av undernäring. Mat är mer än bara näringsintag, det är även ett sätt att umgås, socialisera och njuta. Måltiderna på ett äldreboende styrs av många hygienregler, näringsrekommendationer och policydokument som bland annat berör måltidsmiljö, måltidsordning samt matens innehåll av näringsämnen och energi.  Ett syfte med studien var att identifiera och beskriva vad som gynnar och hindrar ätandet hos äldre på ett äldreboende, ett ytterligare syfte var att studera, analysera och värdera måltidssituationen utifrån ett gastronomiskt perspektiv. I denna studie har vi beräknat näringsintag med hjälp av vägd kostregistrering under fem dygn hos åtta brukare på en enhet vid ett äldreboende och jämfört näringsintaget mot Livsmedelsverkets rekommendationer. Dessutom har vi undersökt och värderat måltidssituationen utifrån deltagande observation. Resultatet visar att det är problematiskt att leva upp till många delar av rekommendationerna och policyn då både tid och kunskap hittills saknats. Dessutom är det problematiskt att tillfredställa alla brukares individuella behov och önskemål. Brukarnas näringsintag var lägre än Livsmedelsverkets rekommendationer för de flesta näringsämnena. Antalet måltider och innehållet i framförallt mellanmålen motsvarade inte heller rekommendationerna. Dessutom var nattfastan för lång för de flesta av brukarna.
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50

Söderström, Lisa. "Nutritional status among older people : Risk factors and consequences of malnutrition". Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för klinisk forskning, Västerås, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-207486.

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Despite the high frequency and serious consequences of protein–energy malnutrition, prevention and treatment of malnutrition do not currently receive appropriate attention. Increased awareness of the importance of nutritional screening among older people is needed. The overall aim of this thesis was to extend our current knowledge about malnutrition and the consequences of a poor nutritional status in relation to preterm death, and to identify possible risk factors for developing malnutrition among older people. The aim of Paper I was to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition and to examine the associations between mealtime habits, meal provision, and malnutrition among older people admitted to a Swedish hospital. The aim of Paper II was to examine whether nutritional status, defined according to the three categories in the full Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) instrument, is an independent predictor of preterm death in older people. The baseline survey was a cross-sectional study of 1771 patients aged ³65 years who were admitted to hospital. Nutritional status was assessed using the MNA instrument, and possible risk factors associated with malnutrition were recorded during the hospital stay (Paper I). Overall survival was followed up after 35–50 months in a cohort study of 1767 participants (Paper II). Of the 1771 participants, 35.5% were well-nourished, 55.1% were at risk of malnutrition, and 9.4% were malnourished at baseline. An overnight fast >11 hours was associated with risk of malnutrition (odds ratio (OR) 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.87) and being malnourished (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.04–2.69). Fewer than four eating episodes a day was associated with both risk of malnutrition (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.52–2.32) and being malnourished (OR 3.10; 95% CI 2.14–4.49). Not cooking independently was also associated with both risk of malnutrition (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.30–2.93) and being malnourished (OR 5.04; 95% CI 2.95–8.61). At the 50-month follow-up, the survival rates were 75.2% for well-nourished participants, 60.0% for those at risk of malnutrition, and 33.7% for malnourished participants. After adjusting for confounders, the hazard ratios (95% CI) for all-cause mortality were 1.56 (1.18–2.07) in the group at risk of malnutrition and 3.71 (2.28–6.04) in the malnourished group. Nutritional status defined according to the three categories in the full MNA independently predicted preterm death in people aged 65 years and older. This thesis provides additional knowledge of the current nutritional situation among older people admitted to hospital. The high prevalence and serious consequences of malnutrition demonstrated in this thesis underline the importance of screening and taking actions to counteract malnutrition among older people. The data showing that the length of overnight fasting and number of eating episodes per day are possible risk factors for malnutrition are consistent with the current nutritional recommendations. This knowledge may stimulate care providers to decrease the length of overnight fasting and increase the number of eating episodes per day among older people at risk of malnutrition.
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