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1
de Groot, Wim. "De glazeniersfamilie Crabeth en hun werkzaamheden in Saint-Hubert d'Ardenne". Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 124, n. 2-3 (2011): 81–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501711798264175.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe intention of my article is to reopen the investigation into the heritage of the Crabeth family and their activities as glaziers of stained-glass windows along with other works of art they produced in the sixteenth century. For a long time it was believed that Pieter Dircksz Crabeth and his famous sons Dirck and Wouter originated from Gouda, where they achieved their greatest work: eighteen stained-glass windows for Sint Janskerk. In my contribution I give an account of the pre-Gouda period and make clear that their field of activities was wider and more far-reaching than is commonly agreed upon. Profiles of their patrons provide an insight into the network to which the Crabeths belonged. Their contacts with the land of Cuijk and the prince bishopric of Liège have been investigated and documented. Count Floris of Egmond-Buren and his commission to Pieter Crabeth to make eight windows for his castle in Grave in 1522 is highlighted. Research shows a patronage relationship between the house of Egmond and the Crabeth family. In a letter written by Abbott Nicolas de Malaise we find evidence of a stay by Dirck and Wouter Crabeth at Saint Hubert d'Ardenne around 1523 due to the rebuilding of the abbey church in Renaissance style. The impetus for this letter was a fatal accident caused by Wouter Crabeth's horse. The article goes into the judicial implications of such an event and the consequences for the person involved at that time. The letter expresses the abbot's concern about Wouter's stay in Saint-Hubert with regard to the continuity of the building project. Twenty years later Pieter and Dirck Crabeth are again invited by Abbott Remacle de Marche to produce stained-glass windows for the abbey church in Saint Hubert, which had been destroyed by fire in the intervening years. The window of Adolf von Schauenburg, who later became archbishop of Cologne, is a wonderful example from this period and it is the only known glass by Pieter Crabeth still in situ. Research into stylistic elements of the rendering of the suffragan bishop in the Gouda cartoon Confirmatio and the patron saint Lambert in the Schauenburg window show a remarkable resemblance between the two figures. In view of the activities of the Crabeths in Saint Hubert d'Ardenne, critical research is called for into the authorship of the windows in the bishopric of Liège and the probability of the glaziers being involved in glass production studios in its capital. New insights based upon thorough studies of material and written sources with detailed notes and glosses, along with recent archival investigations, are presented here in the hope that discussion about Pieter Crabeth and his sons Dirck and Wouter will be given new life and put into a wider perspective.
2
Heyworth, S. J. "Notes on Propertius, Books III and IV". Classical Quarterly 36, n. 1 (maggio 1986): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000983880001065x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I offer further notes on the text of Propertius. In the apparatusΩis employed to indicate the archetype, i.e. the consensus of N and two separate groups of humanistic manuscripts that I denote by the lettersΠandΛ. TheΠMSS (FLP) derive from a lost manuscript of Petrarch, itself copied from the manuscript A (which is not extant after 2.1.63). TheΛMSS are largely a group isolated by J. L. Butrica (The Manuscript Tradition of Propertius, Phoenixsuppl. vol. 17, Toronto, 1984, 62–95), which derive from a third medieval source discovered by Poggio and brought to Italy, apparently in 1423. The oldestΛmanuscript is Vat. lat. 3273, copied by Panormita in Florence in 1427, here called T. Another independent descendant is S (Monacensis Univ. Cim. 22), written in Florencec.1460 by Poggio's son Jacopo. Three other Florentine copies of the 1460s descend from a single source later thanΛ: M (Paris. B. N. lat. 8233, formerlyμ); U (Vat. Urb. lat. 641, formerlyυ); and R (Bodmer. 141, once Abbey 5989). Butrica would cite also C (Romanus Casanatensis 15), written by Pomponio Letoc.1470; but its witness is vitiated by the frequency both of error and of interpolation and its presence would confuse rather than clarify our picture ofΛ. On the other hand I include the pair J (Parmensis Palat. Parm. 140, Florence,c.1440) and K (Vratislauiensis Univ. Akc. 1948 KN 197, Padua 1469).
3
Meißner, Torsten. "Notes on Mycenaean spelling". Cambridge Classical Journal 53 (2007): 96–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1750270500000063.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ever since the decipherment of Linear B, a large amount has been written on Mycenaean spelling. The basic rules were established very quickly, although the debate is still continuing as to the theoretical basis of Mycenaean spelling; various models have been proposed here. One of the most serious problems for all existing models is that at the edges, there is spelling variation that simply cannot be captured by one and the same algorithm. Here, we shall look at two such cases:• the graphic rendering of the subphonemic glides j and w as in e.g. i-je-re-u, a-re-ku-tu-ru-wo which can be contrasted with later Greek ἱερεύς and ἀλεκτρυών where the glides are not or not routinely indicated;• and so-called plene writing; this term is used in a variety of meanings. Here, we shall deal with the graphic rendering of consonants in the coda of final syllables where the standard spelling rules would predict their omission, e.g. wa-na-ka rendering /wanaks/ where the spelling rules would predict a rendering wa-na.
4
Boomgaard, Peter, Denys Lombard, Gary Brana-Shute, David I. Kertzer, G. W. J. Drewes, Chantal Vuldy, Ch F. Fraassen et al. "Book Reviews". Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 146, n. 1 (1990): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003234.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
- Peter Boomgaard, Denys Lombard, Marchands et hommes d’affaires asiatiques dans l’Ocean Indien et la Mer de Chine 13e - 20e siècles, Paris: Éditions de l’École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 1988. 375 pp., Jean Aubin (eds.) - Gary Brana-Shute, David I. Kertzer, Ritual, politics and power, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988. xi, 235 pp. - G.W.J. Drewes, Chantal Vuldy, Pekalongan; Batik et Islam dans une ville du Nord de Java. Paris: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, 1987, Études insulindiennes/Archipel 8. 311 pp. - Ch.F. van Fraassen, Hubert Jacobs, The Jesuit Makasar documents (1615-1682), edited and annotated by Hubert Jacobs SJ, Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu volume 134, Rome: Jesuit Historical Institute, 1988, xxiv + 36* + 285 pp. - M. Hekker, Penelope Graham, Iban shamanism: An analysis of the ethnographic literature, Canberra: Occasional paper of the department of Anthropology, The Australian National University, 1987. x + 174 pp. - Huub de Jonge, Jennifer Alexander, Trade, traders, and trading in rural Java, Asian studies association of Australia, Southeast Asia publications series, No. 15. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1987, 223 and xvi pp., plates, tables, figs and maps. - Peter J. M. Nas, Ben F. van Leerdam, Henri Maclaine Pont: Architect tussen twee werelden; Over de perikelen rond het ontstaan van de gebouwen van een hogeschool, het ‘Instituut Teknologi Bandung’, Delft: Delftse Universitaire Pers, 1988, 90 pp. - P.J.M. Nas, B. Hauser-Schäublin, Bauen und Wohnen, 1987. Basel: Birkhauser Verlag. Mensch, Kultur, Umwelt 2.84 pages, - Peter Pels, Göran Aijmer, Symbolic textures; Studies in cultural meaning, Göteborg: Gothenburg studies in social Anthropology 10, 1987. - Robert Ross, Ido H. Enklaar, Life and work of Dr. J.Th. van der Kemp, 1747-1811: Missionary pioneer and protagonist of racial equality in South Africa, Cape Town/Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1988, xi + 234 pp. - A. Teeuw, Jack Goody, The interface between the written and the oral, Cambridge etc.: Cambridge University Press, 1987. [Studies in literacy, family, culture and the state.] xxi + 328 pp. - Willem Ijzereef, Martin Rössler, Die soziale Realität des rituals. Kontinuität und Wandel bei den Makassar von Gowa (Süd-Sulawesi/Indonesien), Kölner Ethnologische studien, Band 14. Berlijn: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1987. 405 pp.
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Manolescu, Dan. "Book Review: Wechsler, H. S., & Diner, S. J. (2022). Unwelcome Guests: A History of Access to American Higher Education. United States: Johns Hopkins University Press." Journal of Practical Studies in Education 3, n. 4 (6 giugno 2022): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jpse.v3i4.51.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Intricately woven into the tapestry of “diversity” in higher education institutions comes this profoundly important book written by Harold S. Wechsler and Steven J. Diner. Organized in five chapters, with a Preface, a section of Acknowledgements, Introduction, Conclusion, and extensive Notes, Unwelcome Guests is a plea for a re-evaluation of college admissions policies and goals from the Civil Rights era of the late 1960’s and early 1970s to the twenty-first century.
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Manolescu, Dan. "Book Review: Wechsler, H. S., & Diner, S. J. (2022). Unwelcome Guests: A History of Access to American Higher Education. United States: Johns Hopkins University Press." Journal of Practical Studies in Education 3, n. 4 (6 giugno 2022): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jpse.v3i4.51.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Intricately woven into the tapestry of “diversity” in higher education institutions comes this profoundly important book written by Harold S. Wechsler and Steven J. Diner. Organized in five chapters, with a Preface, a section of Acknowledgements, Introduction, Conclusion, and extensive Notes, Unwelcome Guests is a plea for a re-evaluation of college admissions policies and goals from the Civil Rights era of the late 1960’s and early 1970s to the twenty-first century.
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Porck, Thijs. "An Old English Love Poem, a Beowulf Summary and a Recommendation Letter from Eduard Sievers: G. J. P. J. Bolland (1854–1922) as an Aspiring Old Germanicist". Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 78, n. 2-3 (30 agosto 2018): 262–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340118.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThis article calls attention to documents relating to the early academic life of G. J. P. J. Bolland (1854–1922). During the late 1870s and early 1880s, Bolland was enthralled by the study of Old Germanic languages and Old English in particular. His endeavours soon caught the eye of Pieter Jacob Cosijn (1840–1899), Professor of Germanic Philology and Anglo-Saxon at Leiden University, who helped the Groningen-born student to further his studies. During his stays in London and Jena, Bolland communicated with prominent scholars, including Henry Sweet, Richard Morris and Eduard Sievers. Bolland’s annotated books, hand-written notes and scholarly correspondence provide a unique insight into academic life and student-professor relationships during the late nineteenth century. In addition, Bolland produced an Old English love poem and aBeowulfsummary that are published here for the first time.
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ROOKMAAKER, L. C. "The zoological notes by Johann Reinhold and George Forster included in Buffon's Histoire Naturelle (1782)". Archives of Natural History 12, n. 2 (ottobre 1985): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1985.12.2.203.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Buffon added 14 notes contributed by one or both of the Forsters to the sixth supplement of the Histoire Naturelle published in Paris in 1782. All these additions deal with mammals, mainly South African: nine South African antelopes, the spring hare, tame sheep and three antelopes not found at the Cape of Good Hope. The descriptions are compared with the drawings by George Forster in the British Museum (Natural History) and with the Descriptiones Animalium written by J. R. Forster about 1775, but not published until 1844. Buffon included two plates engraved after drawings made by George Forster depicting the klipspringer and spring hare.
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Knappert, Jan. "The Bantu languages : an appraisal". European Journal of Sociology 28, n. 2 (novembre 1987): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975600005464.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The fact that the Bantu languages are related was first mentioned in a short publication by Martin Heinrich Lichtenstein (Berlin) in 1811. Very few Bantu languages were known at that time: only Kongo (Kikongo) as it was spoken at the mouth of the Zaire river, and some languages of southern Africa, on which a few notes were published in the Narrative of an Expedition by Captain J. K. Tucker in 1818, but which were written originally by William Marsden (probably in 1808) and possibly published separately.
10
Steele, Kenneth M. "Unconvincing Evidence That Rats Show a Mozart Effect". Music Perception 23, n. 5 (giugno 2006): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2006.23.5.455.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
F. H. Rauscher, J. D. Robinson, and J. J. Jens (1998) reported that rats learned to complete a T-maze more quickly if they had been reared listening to a Mozart piano sonata. They interpreted this result as a demonstration of a “Mozart effect” in rats. Steele (2003) compared rat and human audiograms, in the context of piano note frequencies, and suggested that rats were deaf to most of the notes (69%) in the sonata. Steele concluded that the learning differences among the groups were not due to a Mozart effect. Rauscher (2006) argued for the use of a different rat audiogram which would increase the number of notes potentially heard to 57%. This is not a refutation of Steele’s conclusion that rats would not hear major portions of the sonata. These missing portions will deform the music structure heard by the rats. Whatever the rats hear, it is not the sonata written by Mozart. Additional comments are made about the current status of the Mozart-effect literature with human subjects.
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Olver, F. W. J. "Mathematics that has intrigued me". Analysis and Applications 12, n. 04 (17 giugno 2014): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219530514500262.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I trace the main steps of the first fifty-five years of my career as an applied mathematician, pausing from time to time to describe problems that arose in asymptotics and numerical analysis and had far-reaching effects on this career. Lecture delivered at Asymptotics and Applied Analysis, Conference in Honor of Frank W. J. Olver's 75th Birthday, January 10–14, 2000, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. Editors' Note: Frank W. J. Olver died on April 23, 2013. The following text was typed by his son, Peter J. Olver, from handwritten notes found among his papers. At times the writing is unpolished, including incomplete sentences, but the editors have decided to leave it essentially the way it was written. However, for clarity, some abbreviations have been written out in full. A couple of handwritten words could not be deciphered, and a guess for what was intended is enclosed in brackets: […]. Endnotes have been made into footnotes within the body of the article. References were mostly not included in the handwritten text, but rather listed in order at the end. Citations to references have been included at the appropriate point in the text.
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Langermann, Y. Tzvi. "Bibliographical Notes on Islamic Astronomy, The Results of a Study of the Exact Sciences Among the Jews of Yemen". International Astronomical Union Colloquium 91 (1987): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100106050.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The people of Yemen as a whole, and the Jews of that country in particular, possess a very rich cultural heritage, including achievements in the field of astronomy. The medieval astronomical sources were the subject of an exhaustive study by David A. King (Mathematical Astronomy in Medieval Yemen, Malibu 1983). Some material concerning Jewish interest in the subject was collected by Bernard R. Goldstein (The Survival of Arabic Astronomy in Hebrew, J. for the Hist, of Arabic Science 3, 1979, 31-39, note 2c.) The author of this paper has recently completed a monograph on the exact sciences among the Jews of Yemen. In this paper we present some discrete items of mainly bibliographic interest which emerged from that study. Note that our sources are all Arabic manuscripts, written in Hebrew characters.
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Horváth J., Gyula, e Ernő Eperjessy. "Adatok a németlukafai üveghuta történetéhez". Kaposvári Rippl-Rónai Múzeum Közleményei, n. 1 (2013): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26080/krrmkozl.2013.1.235.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the 18th and 19th century several glasshouses op-erated in the forests of Zselic region. One of the most significant ones was in operation between 1799 and 1888 in Németlukafa. The equipment of the faience manufacture, which was working side by side with the glasshouse, was bought by the Zsolnay family of Pécs in the 1850’s and became the first machine line of their factory. The manuscript of the monograph written on the topic by Gyula J. Horváth has disappeared around the time of his death (2003). The present study attempts to save the valuable notes as were left in his heritage and completes it with knowledge of the author.
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Berezkina, Svetlana Veniaminovna, e Nina L’vovna Dmitrieva. "CONCERNING THE DEATH OF ANDREI TURGENEV; BASED ON UNPUBLISHED LETTERS OF D. N. BLUDOV TO V. A. ZHUKOVSKY, 1803". Russkaya literatura 3 (2023): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2023-3-107-117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The publication of the two letters of D. N. Bludov to V. A. Zhukovsky, written in November–December 1803, is an important addition to the plethora of sources concerning the death of Andrei Turgenev (1781–1803), that was formerly researched by V. M. Istrin (1910) and A. L. Zorin (2016). The introductory article contains excerpts from Bludov’s 1802–1803 letters, where the hitherto unknown facts from the biography of Andrei Turgenev are outlined and both correspondents are described. Bludov’s references to Zhukovsky’s life and creative activities help to clarify the history of his endeavor, associated with the notes on Macbeth by J. F. Ducie. Besides, Bludov’s letters contain important information on the fate of Andrei Turgenev’s archive.
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Muharam, Riki Satia, Budiman Rusli, Heru Nurasa e Entang Adhy Muhtar. "Seven clusters of data visualization articles in Scopus using social network analysis". International Journal of Data and Network Science 7, n. 3 (2023): 1333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.4.005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this study was to analyse the bibliographic characteristics and content of articles on Data Visualization published in journals indexed by Scopus written by researchers from throughout the world. We conducted a bibliometric and content analysis of publication in the Scopus database. We only retrieved articles written in English. We conducted content analysis using the VOSviewer software and visualized the co-occurrence of keywords and bibliographic coupling of sources and countries. Following the study protocol, we found 862 articles on Data Visualization over the past 30 years. The most productive journal that published these articles was Lecture Notes In Computer Science (n=32). The most productive country was the United States (n=305). Based on citations, the most influential authors, and journals were Thorvaldsdóttir et al., (2013) [Thorvaldsdóttir, H., Robinson, J. T., & Mesirov, J. P. (2013). Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV): High-performance genomics data visualization and exploration. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 14(2), 178–192.] (n=4699), and IEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (n=656). The keywords of research on Data Visualization formed 7 clusters (e.g. Data Visualization, Visualization, and Human). From a global perspective, Data Visualization research in the past 30 years has increased significantly. There were European published journals nominated publications. Thus, Asian countries need to conduct more active research on this topic.
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Woodson, Dorothy C. "The J. S. M. Matsebula Collection at the University of Swaziland". History in Africa 18 (1991): 381–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172073.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
On 24 November 1989 the Library at the University of Swaziland in Kwaluseni formally received a large portion of the papers and manuscripts of the eminent Swazi writer, historian, statesman, and current chief executive of the Swaziland National Trust, J. S. M. Matsebula. The deposit of these papers has formed the nucleus of a small, but interesting and rapidly expanding, Swaziana Collection and this contribution, it is hoped, will inspire other prominent Swazis and scholars of Swaziland similarly to deposit their materials. The preeminent anthropologist, Hilda Kuper, has recently offered her large and valuable collection of manuscripts and field notes to the University of Swaziland, and the elder statesman, J. J. Nquku, founder of the Swaziland Progressive Party (among other accomplishments), is preparing his personal papers for the Collection as well. Additionally, it has just been learned that the Swaziland Oral History Project materials will be transferred to the University of Swaziland from the University of the Witwatersrand.James Shadrack Mkhulunyelwa Matsebula was born in 1918, outside Mbabane, the capital of Swaziland, into a family which has traditionally played a significant role in ritual Swazi royal life. The King's first wife is chosen from the Matsebulas and is known as laMatsebula. He was educated in Swaziland and South Africa and has written on a wide variety of topics in several genres and languages.
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Ibragimova, Karina R. "The Voice of the March Hare. A Review. (Stayer, Jayme. Becoming T.S. Eliot: The Rhetoric of Voice and Audience in “Inventions of the March Hare”. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2021. 343 p.)". Literature of the Americas, n. 13 (2022): 400–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2022-13-400-408.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The review focuses on the book Becoming T.S. Eliot: The Rhetoric of Voice and Audience in “Inventions of the March Hare”, 2021, written by Jayme Stayer, the American researcher of modernist poetry and T.S. Eliot’s work. Stayer uses rhetorical approach for studying poems from Eliot's notebook, refers to the concepts of ethos, logos and pathos, and analyzes the forms of existence of Eliot's lyrical voice, the development of his own poetic language, his interaction with real and imaginary audiences. The review briefly outlines the milestones of Eliot’s way as a poet from 1899 to 1915. Special attention is paid to the poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”. The author of the review examines the composition of the publication, consisting of eight chapters, notes the main theses of Stayer’s book.
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Nakhlik, Yevhen. "ATTRIBUTIONAL ASPECTS IN IVAN FRANKO’S PUBLICATION «THE POLISH POEM ABOUT THE MASSACRE AT UMAN»". Polish Studies of Kyiv, n. 37 (2021): 227–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2021.37.227-256.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article verifies the attributional hypotheses outlined in Ivan Franko’s publication «The Polish Poem about the Massacre at Uman» (1904), in which the Ukrainian writer and a doctor of philosophy firstly published from the list (handwritten copy) of 1840 a poem «Krótkie opisanie wierszem polskim nieszczęśliwej klęski w całej Ukrainie a najszczególniej tyrańskiej rzezi w mieście Umaniu...» («A brief description in Polish verses of the unfortunate defeat in the whole of Ukraine, and especially the tyrannical massacre in the city of Uman...») written by a student of the Uman Basilian school, a witness to the Haidamacks massacre of 1768. Ivan Franko prepared this work with textual commentary and afterword, which considered the poem in the context of two groups of Polish-language memoirs about this tragic event – Basilian (Greek Catholic) and Polish proper, and finally – some others. The first attempt to examine Ivan Franko’s attributional assumptions, expressed in the afterword, was made in 1938 by S. Ivanitskii in a review of the Polish-language memoirs on the Haidamacks uprising of 1768. The author of the poem identified himself with the initials M. D. Franko named him in the same manner. Recollections of S. Goszczyński and M. Czajkowski, as well as research works of E. Rulikowski and I. Shpytkovskyi, and especially the article of P. Kostruba allow us to find out his surname – M. Darowski (Darovskyi). Based on the assumptions of Ivan Franko and modern historian O. Kushnir, we conclude that Darowski’s poem was created in late 1772 – the first half of 1773. Rethinking the attributional assumptions made by Ivan Franko, it was found that he did not know the notes of the Basilian Ye. Korchynskyi (Korczyński), mistakenly attributed to him the notes of the nobleman Tuchapskyi (Tuczapski); denied the authorship of the real notes to J. Lippoman – the nobleman, local historian and archaeologist; instead, mistakenly attributed to him the notes of the Catholic monk-Piarist P. Mładanowicz, published in 1842 by E. Raczyński as anonymous. Trying to eliminate the seemingly «significant confusion» that «prevailed» in clarifying of the authorship and dating of «memoirs on the Uman massacre», I. Franko confused these issues with his hasty and unfounded suppositions about «pseudo-Lipoman», «real Lipoman», «False Tuchapskyi» (or «pseudo-Tuchapskyi»), moreover, presenting them as quite definite, correct. The analysis shows that the source studies, in particular written by Franko, should be «considered – in his words – using critical criteria». Presented in the paper source and textual remarks on Franko’s work «The Polish Poem about the Massacre at Uman», in our opinion, are necessary for its adequate perception and commenting, to avoid mistakes in quoting it and to understand the true authorship of the considered works by M. Darowski, P. Mładanowicz, J. Lippoman, Ye. Korczyński and Tuczapski.
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Shoshan, Boaz. "CHRISTOPHER S. TAYLOR, In the Vicinity of the Righteous: Ziy―ara and the Veneration of Muslim Saints in Late Medieval Egypt, Islamic History and Civilization, Studies and Texts, vol. 32 (Leiden, Boston, Cologne: E. J. Brill, 1999). Pp. 280. $93.50 cloth." International Journal of Middle East Studies 32, n. 4 (novembre 2000): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800002750.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This book, based on a Ph.D. thesis submitted at Princeton University about ten years ago, is a welcome contribution to historians' relatively narrow preoccupation with Islam as practiced rather than the Islam of textual production. Its author, currently associate professor of religious studies at Drew University, sets out to describe and analyze a vital practice of Islamic piety that is the cult of Muslim dead “saints” (ziy―ara) in Egypt between 1200 and 1500 C.E. The choice of the topic is certainly pertinent, for, as Taylor notes, the saint phenomenon has not received the study it deserves. Goldziher's pioneering article, although written more than 100 years ago, remains to a large extent unsurpassed, and most of the research since has been done on the geographic peripheries of the Islamic world and largely in a modern context.
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Sweeney, Latanya. "Weaving Technology and Policy Together to Maintain Confidentiality". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 25, n. 2-3 (1997): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1997.tb01885.x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Organizations often release and receive medical data with all explicit identifiers, such as name, address, telephone number, and Social Security number (SSN), removed on the assumption that patient confidentiality is maintained because the resulting data look anonymous. However, in most of these cases, the remaining data can be used to reidenafy individuals by linking or matching the data to other data bases or by looking at unique characteristics found in the fields and records of the data base itself. When these less apparent aspects are taken into account, each released record can map to many possible people, providing a level of anonymity that the recordholder determines. The greater the number of candidates per record, the more anonymous the data.I examine three general-purpose computer programs for maintaining patient confidentiality when disclosing electronic medical records: the Scrub System, which locates and suppresses or replaces personally identifying information in letters between doctors and in notes written by clinicians; the Datafly System, which generalizes values based on a profile of the data recipient at the time of disclosure; and the μ-Argus System, a somewhat similar system which is becoming a European standard for disclosing public use data.
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Rogers, David. "The Escape of Thomas Tichborne". Recusant History 19, n. 4 (ottobre 1989): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200020380.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The two documents here transcribed as the core of a fuller account than any hitherto compiled of the escape from Government custody of a future martyr, the priest Ven. Thomas Tichborne, have in fact been in print since 1897. But though their previous editor, J. C. Jeaffreson, noted that these papers afforded new information unknown to Challoner when the latter published his brief account of the escape, yet Catholic historians who have written since the documents were printed have not been aware of them. Accordingly, since they first appeared in a context which Catholic writers have, not surprisingly, overlooked, there are grounds for republishing both documents freshly transcribed from the original manuscripts (now in the present writer's possession) and for elucidating them with the aid of notes and two sketch-maps, to retell more vividly a small incident played out in the streets of Elizabethan London, which cost two Catholics their lives.
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Pigulak, Joanna, e Marcin Pigulak. "Światotwórcze funkcje rekwizytu. Collectibles w dylogii „The Last of Us” jako źródło wiedzy o przeszłości". Przestrzenie Teorii, n. 40 (29 dicembre 2023): 129–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pt.2023.40.7.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article concerns the functioning of selected collectibles in the post-apocalyptic dilogy of digital games The Last of Us (Naughty Dog, 2013–2020). The authors make a typology of collectibles and distinguish among them props that support the gameplay, characterize the characters and extend the storyworld, referring to the prop theory proposed by Kendal Walton. They are particularly interested in the last type of props, which include notes, diaries and letters left in various places of the world presented by anonymous members of the American community. The authors indicate that these props can be treated as specific artifacts of the past, which, although not important from the gameplay perspective, perform important world-creating functions. In this context, they describe collectibles as an element of historical culture (J. Rüsen) and a source of social memory (M. Golka), and discuss their allotopic potential (U. Eco, K.M. Maj). They refer to those props that shape the history and mythology of the post-apocalyptic world, and especially to the notes describing Outbreak Day, the apogee of the pandemic disease that decimated humanity in the game. Written sources are of a personal nature – they present an individual perspective on a breakthrough moment in the history of the depicted world. For this reason, the authors refer to them as ego-props, thus extending the concept of ego-document.
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Akina, Akina, Mufidah Mufidah, Nurul Kami Sani e Gusti Ayu Made Nova Astuti. "Application of the Guided Discovery Learning Model to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Fractions Division Material". Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram 11, n. 2 (30 aprile 2023): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v11i2.7266.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims to obtain a description of the application of the guided discovery learning model to improve student learning outcomes in the matter of dividing fractions in the VA class of SDN 5 Palu. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which refers to the research design of Kemmis and Mc. Taggart, namely (1) planning, (2) implementing actions, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The subjects in this study were all students of VA class at SDN 5 Palu for the 2022/2023 school year with a total of 24 students consisting of 14 female students and 10 male students. The type of data in this study is qualitative data supplemented by quantitative data. Qualitative data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and field notes. The quantitative data collection technique in this study was a written test. This research was conducted in two cycles. The results of the study show that learning with the guided discovery learning model could increase students’ learning outcomes of VA Class of SDN 5 Palu on the matter of division of fractions. This is evidenced by the increase in student learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II. The learning outcomes of the first cycle were obtained at 62.5%, and the second cycle was obtained at 83.33%. The results of the analysis of the observation sheet of teacher and student activities in cycle 1 were in the sufficient category. In cycle 2, the teacher and student activity observation sheet increased because the teacher activity observation sheet was in the very good category and the student activity observation sheet was in the good category, so that the success indicators of the action have been achieved.
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Todd, Fraser C., J. Douglas Sellman e Paul J. Robertson. "Barriers to Optimal Care for Patients with Coexisting Substance Use and Mental Health Disorders". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36, n. 6 (dicembre 2002): 792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01049.x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: This paper describes qualitative research that was carried out as part of a project aimed at drawing up a series of guidelines for the assessment and management for people with coexisting substance use and mental health disorders, or dual diagnosis [ 1 ]. Method: A core consultation team of 14 experts with experience in the areas of both substance use and mental health in New Zealand was established to advise on the development of eight clinical scenarios. The clinical scenarios were selected to highlight a range of real life issues in the treatment of people with coexisting substance use and mental health disorders and were presented at 12 focus groups around New Zealand. The 261 participants of the focus groups were asked to comment on what was optimal management for each of the scenarios and to identify barriers to optimal care in their region. Written notes were analysed for recurring and strongly stated themes and these comprise the results of the study. Results: While there was marked regional variation in treatment approaches and service structures, many of the barriers to optimal care that were identified were common to all regions. The results are considered under the headings of systems issues, clinical issues and attitudes. Conclusions: A wide variety of barriers that impede the delivery of optimal care have been identified. These range from the attitudes of individual clinicians to the structure of the systems within which they work. A system of key principles and processes for organizing treatment in a way which helps overcome these barriers is proposed.
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Cast, David. "Speaking of Architecture: The Evolution of a Vocabulary in Vasari, Jones, and Sir John Vanbrugh". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 52, n. 2 (1 giugno 1993): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990784.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The reading Jones gave to the books he owned could serve him in various ways. This article is concerned with one such use he made of the materials in the Vite by Giorgio Vasari, one volume of which we know he possessed and on which he made notes. It is suggested that this text gave him an opportunity to construct a critical vocabulary for architecture, different in character from that available to him from such sources as Palladio, Vitruvius, or Serlio. And it is also suggested that this new vocabulary is specifically reflected in two passages about architecture, and in what J. A. Gotch called Jones' sentiments about architecture, written in the notebook now at Chatsworth. In addition, this article is concerned with the development of a more general vocabulary in England in the seventeenth century, for gentlemen and architects alike, that came from the tradition of praise, or epideixis, together with terms of a more particular kind to refer to the parts of architecture that came both from Italian and French.
26
Galácz, András. "On a Middle Jurassic phylloceratid ammonite from the Bakony Mts (Hungary)". Földtani Közlöny 153, n. 1 (29 marzo 2023): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23928/foldt.kozl.2023.153.1.15.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Unknown fossil collections from the Bakony Mts, collected by J. Nosky Jnr. during his mapping activity in the 1940s and 1950s were found in the storage facility of the Hungarian Geological Institute in the 2010s. In these materials from the Upper Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) from the Som-hegy of Bakonybél (formerly known as part of Pénzeskút) some specimens were determined by Nosky in 1959 as ‘Canaliphylloceras’ nov. gen. nov. sp.’ However, Nosky never published these faunal studies, and his designations have only been preserved as notes written on the labels of the specimens. The same form identified by Nosky was also identified as a new species from Gyenespuszta, another Middle Jurassic locality in the Bakony Mountains, in 1980 with the name Adabofoloceras hajagensen. sp. Galácz, 1980. The name suggested by Noszky is invalid; however, his distinction of these forms as representing an individual taxon is justified. This contribution is a tribute to Jenő Nosky, a great researcher of the Hungarian Jurassic by making his faunistic study known and showing his original specimens.
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Pavera, Libor. "Czech Interwar Literature". Trimarium 2, n. 2 (24 agosto 2023): 163–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55159/tri.2023.0102.07.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, the author attempts to portray Czech interwar literature, i.e., the period from the beginning of the independent republic to its demise in September 1938 (the signing of the so-called Munich Agreement). He focuses on some necessary political and cultural-historical issues, such as the end of the “Great War”, the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, and the establishment of an independent republic. However, he pays the most attention to the form of literature (prose, poetry, and drama). In conclusion, he notes that literary life significantly diversified and branched out over the two decades. The system of literature deepened in terms of material and genre, but also in terms of ideological and ideological direction. While initially, literature and literary life were quite centralist (just like the original Austro-Hungarian Empire with its bureaucratic apparatus), over time there is a more pronounced differentiation and the emergence of new cultural centers, usually associated with larger cities. He recalls great literary figures (K. Čapek, J. Hašek, etc.) as well as authors from the circle of German-written works.
28
Yermak, I. "Treatise by Aman Vanderhagen “Nouvelle méthode de flute” as a reflection of the performing arts of France in the second half of the 18th century". Musical art in the educological discourse, n. 3 (2018): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2518-766x.2018.3.8088.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
For adequate reading of ancient musical texts, it is necessary to study the historical and cultural context and the specifics of the performing practice of that time when musical work has been written. It becomes possible when we study the treatises of past centuries, in which the main issues of musical theory and practice, technique and style are considered.No flute treatise has yet been translated into Ukrainian. Works by S. Ganassi, J.-M. Hotteterre, J. J. Quantz and J. G. Tromlitz are available in Russian. However, there are still about two hundred untranslated methodological treatises of the 18th century which contain important information about the performing arts of the era. The need for their study causes the topicality of this article.The article presents the results of the study of the treatise “Nouvelle méthode de flute” (1798) by Aman Vanderhagen, which includes number of valuable guidelines about posture, performance breathing, correct phrasing and ways of correction of the unstable notes on a one-keyed flute. The variety of strokes given in the treatise is a vivid example of the performing traditions of classicism.For the solution of the study tasks it is used historical, source-study, textual, analytical and performance methods. The conclusion is that the «Nouvelle méthode de flute» is an important source of information about peculiarities of performing on wind instruments in the second half of the 18th century and is recommended for the study of modern musicians and music historians.
29
Cârlan, Alexandru. "On the Photos of "The Space of Boredom" – and What Might Be Missing from the Picture". Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 19, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2017.3.245.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Photography has been, from its early stages, a powerful tool for the anthropologist, both as a mechanical technique to record data and as a heuristic tool used to reflect on the anthropologist’s approach as such. At the same time, its iconicity and indexicality have allowed for a different epistemic regime, an allegedly privileged connection to “the facts” or “the truth”, in opposition to the written notes of the anthropologist, vulnerable to subjectivity, bias or error. A substantial direction in visual culture studies questions the articulation of image and text, and acknowledges a power relation between the two, as if despite its iconicity and indexicality, photography needs taming by the text that clarifies its meaning and incorporates it in bigger narratives. It is in this context that W. J. T. Mitchell echoes the famous question “Can the subaltern speak?” in relation to photography, asking “What do pictures want?” (Mitchell, 2005, pp. 28-30). It is within this vision of photography as a potential site of resistance to the narrative in which they are embedded that I will try to raise some critical points about Bruce O’Neill’s book, The Space of Boredom, by focusing on the photos included in this book.
30
Izvolenskaya, A. S. "Commenting on Culture-Bound Elements in Fiction: Overcoming Social and Political Bias in M. Bulgakov’s “A Dog’s Heart”". NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 19, n. 2 (9 giugno 2021): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2021-19-2-166-180.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper is focused on the analysis of translator’s notes and commentary, represented by meta- and paratexts, as an integral part of translation process. These are essential to help the foreign reader overcome the cultural bias in general, guiding them through its intricate culture-bound elements, and the space and temporal distance separating them from the source text, in particular. Our source text is M. Bulgakov’s satirical novella “A Dog’s Heart” (translated also as “A Heart of a Dog”) written at the very beginning of the Soviet social project. As no piece of satire can be fully grasped - neither in source nor in target language - without making sense of the social conflict described in it, we view comprehension and explanation as the basis for cognition; they constitute two main working procedures of our approach. This means that our attention is focused on the way culture-bound words relating to the facts of social and political life appearing in this tale are conveyed in translations and interpreted in meta- and paratexts. So, author’s in-tention is deemed crucial in text interpretation. And the unity of explanation and understanding is considered to be the basis of academic knowledge To establish what metatext relating to Bulgakov’s story should be like in accordance with an academic approach, we’ve attempted to identify the presuppositions necessary for its adequate perception by the readership. To this end, we have studied the following metatexts: 1) J. Meek’s Introduction to Bromfield’s translation; 2) Bromfield’s A Note on the Text to his own translation (pub. by Penguin Books, 2007); 3) Introduction to M. Glenny’s translation by the Ukrainian writer A. Kurkov (pub. by Vintage Books, 2009); 4) Note by M. P. V. Salgado to the translation by A. Bouis (pub. by KARO, 2020). We also added our brief research-informed notes to some concepts of the novella English versions made by: M. Ginsburg (pub. by New-York Grove Press with no preface provided), Glenny, Bromfield and Bouis. Our major conclusion is that commenting on the translation should become more text-oriented to enhance its academic and didactic quality. More importantly, the paper is to exemplify the kind of methodology that should underlie the research leading to creation of helpful translator’s notes. Pertinent academic notes should help foreign reader to understand his or her bias and to discover the relevant cultural background of the text without which it would seem commonplace and unremarkable.
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BROWN, WARREN. "Legal Practice and the Written Word in the Early Middle Ages: Frankish Formulae, c. 500-1000 - By Alice Rio; The Formularies of Angers and Marculf: Two Merovingian Legal Handbooks - Translated with an introduction and notes by Alice Rio". Early Medieval Europe 19, n. 2 (20 aprile 2011): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0254.2011.00319_9.x.
Testo completo
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Jennifer, Anderson, Neeta K. Venepalli, Patrick Joseph Fleming, Christina Haaf, Adam Bursua, Little Irene Park e Sandra Cuellar. "Documentation of pharmacist-provided patient education for oral chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, n. 7_suppl (1 marzo 2016): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.237.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
237 Background: Pharmacist-provided patient education for oral chemotherapy is poorly documented in patient electronic medical records (EMR) at UIC Oncology Pharmacy. At baseline, 41% of patients who started new therapy with selected oral chemotherapies had a patient education note documented by a pharmacist in their EMR. Our aim is to provide and document patient education for at least 90% of patients who start new oral chemotherapy and fill their prescriptions at UIC Oncology Pharmacy over three months. The importance of patient counseling and documentation is recognized by the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) group. Approximately 25% of patients undergoing chemotherapy are on oral chemotherapy. (Deutsch S, Koerner P, Miller RT, Craft Z, Fancher K. Utilization patterns for oral oncology medications in a specialty pharmacy cycle management program. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2014;0:1-8.) Methods: A multi-disciplinary team performed an affinity sort and created a process map to identify areas of intervention. The first intervention was labelling prescription bags to identify them as oral chemotherapy prescriptions that require counseling by a pharmacist. Data was collected after two weeks. Results: At the completion of the first PDSA cycle, 40% of patients who started new oral chemotherapy had a documented patient education note written by a pharmacist in their EMR. Documentation of education was performed on the day of pick-up in 89% of cases. Table 1 shows the percentage of notes that included the elements recognized by QOPI standards: documentation of start date, adherence, and adverse effects. Conclusions: Documentation of patient education for oral chemotherapy should be a well-integrated component of ambulatory pharmacy practice. A second PDSA cycle is planned to increase rates of documentation by utilizing the pharmacy resident to perform patient counseling and documentation. Future interventions will be aimed at improving the quality of the data included in the documented notes. [Table: see text]
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Aryal, Bhushan. "The Rhetoric of Early American Ethnography: Framing Politics in the Texts by Crèvecoeur, Jefferson and Tyler". SCHOLARS: Journal of Arts & Humanities 4, n. 2 (11 agosto 2022): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sjah.v4i2.47426.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper studies early American manners and customs chapters in the texts written by J. Hector St. John De Crèvecoeur, Thomas Jefferson, and Royall Tyler as precursors to ethnography, and demonstrates how these writers use ethnographic mode to explore their contemporary political issues. The paper argues that the ethnographic accounts in these chapters are less the objective representations of cultures than the political views shrouded in ethnographic modes. The argument then is that the chapters should be treated as rhetorical frames. To exemplify this argument, the paper analyzes Crèvecoeur’s Nantucket sequence in Letters from an American Farmer and demonstrates its pro-capitalist political aspirations. The paper also takes up Jefferson’s descriptions of Native Americans in Notes on the States of Virginia and shows how he used the ethnographic descriptions and scientific methodology to test whether the European settlers could prosper in the new land—particularly in the early nineteenth-century context of the theory of biological degeneration that assumed that a particular geographic context could determine the intellectual and moral aspects of a race. Finally, the paper reads the ethnographic accounts in Tyler’s The Algerine Captive and demonstrates how the whole book was a persuasive attempt to solidify support for the strong national government amidst the continued opposition within American states to join the new federal structure instituted by the new 1789 Constitution.
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Okulicz-Kozaryn, Radosław. "Twórcze echa neurotycznej młodości Żeromskiego, czyli pisarstwo wywiedzione z Dzienników". Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, n. 27 (17 novembre 2016): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2016.27.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Until now, Stanisław Żeromski’s writings have not been viewed with regard to literature common to the age of anxiety from the turn of the eighties and nineties of the 19th century, though there are numerous common aspects shared by both. These are clearly discernible in the early works of the writer, written in his youthful days, and shaped among others by J. Ochorowicz’s literary piece Z dziennika psychologa (“From a psychologist’s diary”) concerning the latter’s views on the neuropsychological system of man, the acquired habitual self-analysis and autobiographism rooted in the practical activities of a diarist; all of which surface both in the subject matter, the singularity of style, narration, as well as the composition of later works by the author. By devoting the majority of space and attention to identifying and tracing literary awareness in his intimate notes from 1882 to 1891 – of which one volume carries the title Dziennik człowieka nerwowego (“Diary of the anxious man”) – R. Okulicz-Kozaryn portrays its role in Siłaczka (“The Strongwoman”), Mogiła (“The Grave”) and Źródło (“The Source”), also in Ludzie bezdomni (“The Homeless”). He further claims that Żeromski’s Dzienniki (“Diaries”) should be presented as its laboratory sample, whereas the entire literary output of the writer ought to be interpreted as more advanced consequences of the then initiated experiment.
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Morev, Vladimir A., e Anastasiya V. Moreva. "“ ‘There Are No Roads Between Autumn and Snow' in Tomsk Province”: Roads; Means of Transport, and Features of Travel in Siberia in the Second Half of the 19th Century". Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, n. 468 (2021): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/468/16.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article examines the condition of roads in Siberia in the second half of the 19th century, identifies the related characteristics of the Siberian land vehicles and skills of coachmen obtained in the harsh climatic conditions, with enormous distances between stations and the need to spend long hours in transit. The sources for this article are travel notes and memoirs written at the end of trips. The work of the German geographer and ethnographer R. Andre, travel notes of the American J. Kennan deserve special attention. Among the works of domestic authors who passed through Siberia in the middle or at the end of the 19th century, the notes of the writer A.P. Chekhov, and of the merchants I. Zavalishin and N. Chukmaldin deserve attention. Documents of the State Archive of Tomsk Oblast (GATO), which contain information about the state of communication routes in Tomsk Province, are attracted for a more complete picture. Thus, the documents of the Fund “Tomsk Provincial Administration (1823-1916)” allow, in particular, tracking the passing travelers' reaction to the unsatisfactory condition of roads in Tomsk Province at the end of the 19th century. This article aims to summarize the facts that relate to the state of Siberian roads, land vehicles, skills of Siberian coachmen, as well as to identify the features of travel in Siberia in the second half of the 19th century. In the course of the study, the authors come to the following conclusions. The condition of roads generally did not satisfy people traveling through Siberian provinces. This was especially true during the off-season when the roads were heavily flooded and washed away by rain or meltwater. Our compatriots' negative comments on Siberian roads in general merge into the common chorus of complaints by foreign travelers. Although there were exceptions when both Russian travelers and foreigners praised the state of the roads in some provinces of Siberia, which was reflected in the archives and travel notes. In winter, the moving speed increased because the snow-covered roads were easier to move along on a sled. However, during severe frosts, there was a great risk of freezing on the road. Because of the harsher climate and the need to stay on the road longer than in the European part of Russia, it was necessary to use vehicles with design features that made them more stable in Siberia. The preparations of the coachmen and the coachmen's preparation of their horses for a long journey influenced its successful outcome. Coachmen had large energy expenditure and were to have endurance. Siberian coachmen maintained a high moving speed with the help of their horses. This fact surprised both Russians coming from the European part of Russia and, especially, foreigners.
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Alhaded, Hashem Hani Shehadeh, Aurika Shavtikova e Odai Naim Mokhammad Savalkha. "Methodology of analysis of directive speech acts in English and Arabic academic discourse". Litera, n. 8 (agosto 2022): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.8.38567.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article presents the author's methodology for analyzing directive speech acts in English and Arabic academic discourse, developed during the writing of the author's dissertation research. The purpose of the article is to describe and confirm the effectiveness of the methodology for analyzing directive speech acts within the framework of two academic discourses. In addition to substantiating the choice of research methods and respondent groups, the article presents a written discursive test with situational examples developed on the basis of the classification of directive speech acts by J. Serle (1979). We propose the study of directive speech acts from the point of view of grammatical, cultural, social and lexical aspects. The purpose of this article is an attempt to propose the author's methodology for analyzing directive speech acts in a comparative aspect within the framework of academic discourse functioning in English and Arabic. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that earlier in Russian and foreign linguistics, no attempts were made to develop a methodology for analyzing directive speech acts in a comparative perspective of English and Arabic. In conclusion, the author makes a conclusion about the effectiveness of the proposed method of analysis, and also notes the prospects for further research on the proposed topic. The results of the article can be used in the compilation of methodological complexes for teaching comparative linguistics, as well as courses on discourse analysis in higher educational institutions.
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Tepkeev, Vladimir T. "Встреча императора Петра I и калмыцкого хана Аюки на Волге в 1722 г.: мифы и реальность". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 14, n. 1 (18 aprile 2022): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-1-8-19.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. The article deals with an understudied — though essential — episode in the history of the Kalmyk Khanate — the 1722 meeting of Peter I of Russia and Khan Ayuka of Kalmyks on the banks of the Volga. The issue proves not only topical but is also as interesting since personal written memoirs to have somewhat covered the event are scarce enough, even the latter often being controversial. Goals. The article analyzes little known private materials to attempt a clarifying insight into the actual historical circumstances of the meeting. The former are accounts of those to have attended and witnessed the event, such as the Operations Record Book of the 1722 Campaign by Peter the Great, travel notes of J. Bell (a Scotch physician in the Russian imperial service), Kalmyk-to-Russian translator V. Bakunin, and reports by hydrographer and navigator F. Soimonov. Results. The examination of the mentioned private 18th–19th century sources shows those often contradict each other, and eyewitness accounts need further detailed investigation. Unfortunately, such private sources dated to the 18th and 19th centuries provide no clear answers to multiple questions but rather tend to give rise to new ones and complicate any historical reconstruction of the 1722 meeting. However, the source base is extensive enough and requires meticulous analysis. Most significantly, those are archival documents that may contain additional details and put an end to arguments over the revealed controversial facts.
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Petrov, Alexander. "Aggravation of the Colonial Struggle in the Pacific Ocean in 1760—1770s". ISTORIYA 14, n. 10 (132) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840028746-9.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the struggle for colonies in the North Pacific in the context of the interaction between Russia, Great Britain and Spain in the second half of the 18th century, with an emphasis on the voyage of J. Cook to the coast of Alaska. The activity of Russia and the Western European powers related to the intensification of efforts in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean is considered. The article notes that the region studied by us has long attracted the attention of European countries. The factors that contributed to the development of the North-West of America are revealed. The authors show that it was a very complex and multifaceted process, in which various levels of state power, up to the emperors, participated. The importance of the initiative of private commercial companies in the colonization of territories is noted. The authors of the article draw attention to the fact that the expansion of the Spanish Empire became possible due to Madrid’s fears about the strengthening of Russia in the North Pacific. In turn, Great Britain carried out active intelligence activities, which resulted in a phase of military conflict at the end of the 18th century. On the basis of Russian and foreign documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the authors of the article try to show the validity of the fears of the Madrid court regarding Russian colonization, as well as the ambitions of London in this region. Promotion of Russia to the northwest of America was due to economic and political reasons. The access to the Pacific Ocean of Russian private structures was caused by the desire to collect yasak from the indigenous peoples, as well as to obtain furs, which were highly valued in world markets. The article notes the changes in the position of Great Britain, Spain and Russia in relation to the colonies in the 18th century. It is concluded that, in general, the policy of Spain and Great Britain was aimed at curbing the Russian advance in the Pacific Ocean. Russian-Anglo-Spanish relations in the Northwest Pacific at the end of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century made a significant contribution to the subsequent active colonization of the North Pacific. The article was written using an interdisciplinary approach based on a wide range of sources from domestic and foreign archives.
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Sultana, SJJ, MM Hoque, SS Sejooti, U. Salma, S. Akther e UR Nipa. "HE4 as a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Malignant Ovarian Masses in Bangladeshi Population". Bangladesh Journal of Medical Biochemistry 12, n. 1 (19 febbraio 2024): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v12i1.71596.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ovarian cancer is one of the commonest cancers in gynecology with very high fatality to case ratio. In approximately 70% of all cases of ovarian cancers, the disease is not diagnosed before reaching an advanced stage. Thus early diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumor becomes a key factor in improving the survival rate of patients. This study was aimed to evaluate HE4 (Human Epididymis 4) biomarker for the diagnosis of ovarian malignancy in admitted patients with pelvic mass of ovarian origin scheduled for surgery from Obstetrics and Gynecology department of different medical colleges of Dhaka city and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). It was a cross-sectional analytical study carried out by non-probability sampling. For this study, 110 admitted patients with ovarian tumor scheduled for surgery were selected.Purpose and procedure of the study was explained in details and informed written consent was taken from all the study subjects before collection of blood sample. Clinical information was taken from the patients’ hospital notes. Before surgery serum HE4 was measured and after surgery, histopathology reports were collected for each patient.Depending on histopathology reports, patients were categorized as benign and malignant. Diagnostic efficacy of HE4 was evaluated with respect to sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and likelihood ratios considering histopathology report as gold standard. To evaluate the performance of HE4 based on optimal cut-off (34.3 pmol/L), we found better sensitivity, NPV and satisfactory likelihood ratios but low specificity and PPV compared to suggested cut-off. The findings of this study shows that HE4 is not a useful biomarker to help in the assessment and management of patients with suspected ovarian cancer.
Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2019; 12(1): 11-15
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Mykhailova, Tetiana. "Vasyl Stus and Osyp Mandelstam: on crossroads of poetic worlds". Слово і Час, n. 5 (2 ottobre 2020): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2020.05.21-35.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article focuses on the coincidences in V. Stus’s and O. Mandelstam’s biographies and notes the psychological and typological similarities of their personalities as well as their fascination with the German language and natural sciences (biology, chemistry). Both writers’ literary interests were alike, they were especially focused on the works of such Russian authors as A. Pushkin, A. Herzen, A. Blok, B. Pasternak, N. Gumilyov, M. Lermontov, F. Tyutchev, and others). Among world classical writers, Stus loved the works of J. W. von Goethe most of all, and Mandelstam admired the works by Dante Alighieri. The paper also deals with Stus’s translations from R. M. Rilke and Mandelstam’s translations from F. Petrarca. The critical activity of Stus and Mandelstam is also mentioned, in particular, O. Mandelstam’s essay “Conversation about Dante” and V. Stus’s paper about P. Tychyna “Phenomenon of the Age (Ascension on Calvary of Glory)”.
Stus’s letters and manuscripts reveal his attitude to the works of O. Mandelstam, whose poetry appeared in Stus’s life at crucial points. Stus referred to it during his imprisonment in the Soviet camps and tried to understand the problem of “poet and power”. A comparative analysis of the fragments from Mandelstam’s poems, cited in the works by the Ukrainian poet, and the original texts written by Mandelstam revealed сertain deviations. Stus used repetitions instead of the ‘forgotten’ words, which is a general characteristic of his own poetics.
At the textual level, the poems of Stus and Mandelstam are future-oriented. It can be observed in the appeals to the reader used by each of them in a specific way: the Ukrainian poet speaks as a ‘son’, while the Russian one as a ‘teacher’, echoing the practice of Pushkin. Both poets loved their homelands very much and were attached to it; both of them could not imagine their life outside the motherland. In their texts, Mandelstam and Stus created the images of a dead city, a prison state, emphasizing the impossibility of the poet’s existence in his own country.
41
Shadko, M. O. "Realization of the principles of sonor modality in “The Perilous Night” by J. Cage". Aspects of Historical Musicology 15, n. 15 (15 settembre 2019): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-15.10.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. At the beginning of the 20th century American music gradually emerges from the shadow of Europe and takes its rightful place. This unique cultural phenomenon arises from the creative work of a brilliant generation of artists. Some authors preferred to develop traditional methods of compositions, others expressed nontraditional, sometimes even shocking, views on the very process of creativity and tasks of art in general. Different thinking, non-standard sound perception, a special approach to creation based on rejection of the ordinary and lack of borders – all this distinguished Americans not only from European traditionalists, but also from modernists. Objectives. The purpose of the paper is to determine peculiarities of implementation of innovative ideas in J. Cage’s cycle "The Perilous Night" for prepared piano. Methods. The study uses a comprehensive approach with the application of intonational, semantic, structural and functional methods for analyzing musical text. Results. The most famous and infl uential fi gure in American music of the last century was John Cage (1912–1992), whose name became synonymous with everything most epic and radical in music. It is diffi cult to characterize this person only as a composer, since the range of his interests was extremely wide: he was also a writer, philosopher, inventor, performer, lecturer, organizer of performances, etc. The most famous invention of J. Cage turned out to be a "prepared piano". This instrument refl ects the composer’s inclination towards percussions, that is, the active engagement of noises as the main musical material and thirst for experiments. A more mature example of putting J. Cage’s innovative ideas in life is his suite "The Perilous Night", composed in 1944. It was this piece which became the fi rst large-scale opus for prepared piano, written not for accompaniment, but as an independent artistic concept. This opus is a unique example where the author, who actively rejected the idea of expressing feelings through music, speaks with us in the language of emotions. "The Perilous night", as well as other works for prepared piano, is designed in the technique which M. Pereverzeva calls "sononant modality". This name indicates the combination of two approaches – a coloristic and a structural one. The composer achieves organic in this alliance by creating for each opus a certain series made up not of traditional musical sounds, but of noises, overtones and other colorful sonorities. So, J. Cage seems to play a game with the performer, creating a certain puzzle that must be decrypted in the process of preparing for the performance. The key to it is the so-called "preparation chart ", which always precedes the musical text and contains the following mandatory columns: 1. a sound written in notes; 2. material necessary for preparation, 3. strings, between which it must be put (from left to right); 4. distance of material placement, calculated from the damper (in inches). The expanded chart of " The Perilous night" is visually divided into two sections, since each of these elements is duplicated; so, on the left side we fi nd mainly soft and wooden objects (foam rubber, felt, bamboo wedge), and on the right side there are metal things (screws and bolts with or without a nut). A full "tone row" appears only in the chart and can be used when talking about the cycle as a whole. In each of the six pieces, the composer operates a certain set of sounds, which of course belong to it, but they are employed extremely selectively, depending on specifi c artistic tasks. Thus, all numbers receive their unique combination of voices that form a "microtone row" of miniatures. The number of sonants in it varies from fi ve to eighteen and does not depend on the size of the piece. In the cycle, there is a multilevel relationship between its parts, which, on the one hand, coloristically and texture-rhythmically are in contrast with each other, ensuring contraposition of states and diversity of colours, and, on the other hand, make internal connections that provide the indivisibility and logic of the cyclic composition. No less individually J. Cage interprets the principle of applying certain numerical proportions in the process of developing a musical composition. Basing on the combination of Eastern trends, primarily Indian talas and ragas, and Western music, he formed the basis of the so-called "rhythmic pattern" of the composer. In all six parts of "The Perilous Night" you can trace the effect of numerical proportions at different levels of the pattern. One of them is the "square root principle", which, in particular, determines the logic of the composition of the third piece. J. Cage uses two bar lines to seperate twelve sections of twelve bars, that is, 12 to the 2nd power. The fi rst four sections are rich in sound events, they feature different texture techniques and many tone colours in all sorts of combinations. The basic principle of development is the variation of primary elements, but no section repeats in exactly the same way. Another picture is observed in the last eight bars. Repetition here is used not at the level of elements, but at the level of sections. The fi fth section is exactly equal to the eighth, and the sixth – to the seventh, ninth and eleventh ones. Visually, this is accentuated by the traditional mark of reprise, which of course is compulsory otherwise the form is distorted. It seems that here J. Cage looks for the end of the piece, and eventually focues on the last four bars of the sixth (seventh, ninth and eleventh) sections, which become the tenth and twelfth sections respectively, and gradually fade in space. Conclusions. J. Cage’s suite "The Perilous Night" occupies an important place in his creative work. This is his fi rst large-scale work for prepared piano, which does not depend on a dance, as it has a unique dramaturgy based on refl ection of the emotional state of a person. At the same time, the cycle harmoniously combines principles of sononant modality and numerical series technique, which are typical for the composer.
42
Hanna, Sagalova. "The role of key IN CREATING AN INTERPRETATIONAL model in Baroque music (based on French Suite in D minor by J. S. Bach)". Aspects of Historical Musicology 24, n. 24 (13 ottobre 2021): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-24.04.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. For anyone creating his own interpretational version of a work which belongs to Baroque culture it is highly important to understand semantics of a given key, which in this day and age becomes a valuable asset to reveal the composer’s intention, including the works like French Suite in D minor by J. S.Bach. The approach, suggested in the article, elaborates existing studies, providing them with new meaning. The aim of the article is to reveal the significance of a key in the Baroque music, particularly in J. S. Bach’s works, as a premise for present-day musicians creating new versions of performance. Methodology of a research is founded on historically-theoretical and interpretational methods of analysis. Results. The genre of a keyboard suite holds an important place in J. S. Bach’s legacy. French Suite in D minor is the first one among others. Allemande is written in accordance with the customs of their time. At the same time, tonal development of each movement reflects general aesthetic principles of movement, realizing pivotal idea of the genre. The change in tonal reference points, which happens in the frameworks of Tonic – Dominant relations, shows diverse colours and tension of the development within one key. Allemande’s harmonic complexity exposes semantical sense of the key, which influences other dances. Sarabande is presented as a concentration of ‘funebre’ lyricism, the sense of Gigue is reconstructed due to the change of expected time signature 3/8 to 4/4 and usage of pulsating dotted notes. Courante and two Menuettos are marked by a certain simplicity and “transfiguration” of musical language, which causes not only a genre, but also imagery and semantical contrast. French Suite in D minor is a relatively difficult material for creation of performer’s interpretation. Contrasts of tempo and mood of the dances typical for this genre are not so obvious in this suite as compared to other J. S. Bach’s suites in minor keys. General atmosphere of reserve and inner tension is stressed by the key of D minor, which shapes the whole cycle’s character. Conclusions. The above mentioned peculiarities of J. S. Bach’s French Suite in D minor define the performance interpretation, designed to reveal dialectic unity of opposites in compositionally-dramaturgical structure of the Suite. The performer chooses means, aimed both at creation of macro-unity and at reveal of typological features of the suite genre which is based on contrast. One of the main factors contributing to unity is tempo of performance: apart from quite similar tempos of Allemande and Courante, Gigue is noteworthy, too, as its tempo due to peculiarity of melody and pathos, uncommon for the genre, is “decelerated” in a natural way. Suite contrast can be revealed through articulation and touche, as well as through tempo in view of singularity of Sarabande. Basing on the piece under analysis, we may state that in Baroque era D minor key was already interpreted as a bearer of complex and profound meaning, devoid of mundane, as a subjective key, retaining, however, possibility to be used to reveal objective generalising senses. Thus, we think it should be a “zone of special attention” for performers.
43
Hewitt, K. "Revealing Humanity: the Flexible Language of Literature". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, n. 3 (27 ottobre 2018): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-3-231-236.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article features the linguistic peculiarities of four novels the author uses in her course on Contemporary English Fiction: Hilary Mantel’s A Change of Climate, Jim Crace’s Quarantine, Graham Swift’s Last Orders, and Adam Thorpe’s Ulverton. The novels probe deeply into some of the stranger aspects of human experience. Hilary Mantel writes of people who try to behave as balanced, rational beings, but to whom irrational and terrible things happen that have to be dealt with. The metaphorical language illuminates this philosophical exploration, which would otherwise be dull or unconvincing. The novel might seem strange for English readers, but the language carries the conviction of the true storyteller. J. Crace has a wonderful sense of exact words for an exact rhythm. Graham Swift’s novel is written as though it were the thoughts and memories of seven different characters. The language here is the colloquial vernacular, the language of elderly and middle-aged men and women with little education from south-eastLondon. The most extraordinary book of these four is Adam Thorpe’s Ulverton. It consists of twelve chapters, which are a chronological set separate ‘stories’ that happened between 1650 and 1988. Each chapter uses a different literary genre for the story-telling: for example, a simple first-person narrative, a sermon, a journal, letters to a lover, lecture notes, an internal monologue, and – ending the novel – a television script. Thorpe has therefore set himself a colossal task: to render into lively readable English, the concerns and passions of individuals, often illiterate individuals, while retaining a sense of the language appropriate to a particular era and a particular genre.Literature is an act of communication between writer and reader which does justice to humanity through expressive, imaginative language. Nobody would be so arrogant as to say that reading literature is the only way of ‘being human’ but more than most activities it forces us to think about people other than ourselves.Readers who would like to read more have available many other fine examples of contemporary English literature, provided by the Oxford Russia Fund for those taking part in the project on Contemporary English Literature in Russian Universities.
44
Niu, Xuebiao. "WU CHENG’EN’S NOVEL “JOURNEY TO THE WEST” AND ITS RESOURCES FOR ANIMATED ADAPTATIONS". Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 19, n. 3 (10 giugno 2023): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2023-19-3-22-38.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article explores the potential for producing animated movies based on the Chinese classic novel «Journey to the West». The author traces the evolution of the plot and characterizes the main features of the famous literary work, the adaptation of which was repeatedly used not only by Chinese, but also by Japanese, Korean and other animators. Over the years and centuries, the pilgrimage of the Tang monk and his companions to India in search of the sacred sutras has evolved from historical accounts to folklore tales, and eventually to plays, after which the journey has become the subject of several novels by different authors, with Wu Chen’en’s novel being the most renowned classic. And it is the very process of turning a real story and real people into a legend, a myth, geographical movement and physical travel into a metaphysical path, followed by characters whose image goes back to ancient archetypes that made the novel so popular during different centuries and in different countries. Furthermore, the article highlights the distinctive features of the novel that make it particularly suitable for adaptation through animation. Unlike written art, visual art can directly incorporate the images and forms of various folk art forms such as folk painting, sculpture, popular print, shadow theatre, Peking Opera, and traditional painting. Chinese animation based on the novel has successfully utilized these art forms. Additionally, one should consider the genre of the novel, which is rooted in the collective unconsciousness and rich in formal, plot, and thematic elements. As noted by Russian philologist and semiotician J. Lotman, animated cinema is the most appropriate means for adapting fantastic stories. At the same time, Wu Chen’en’s novel «Journey to the West» has the value of not only a national cultural heritage, but also a global one. The author notes the important idea of the Canadian media theorist Marshall McLuhan about the relevance in the information society of the Chinese way of thinking with its idea of a net world and a net person. Animated films based on the plots of «Journey to the West», can effectively broadcast the values of the Chinese worldview and mentality and thereby contribute to the mankind’s response to the challenges of the time.
45
Kayaoglu, Turan. "International Politics of the Persian Gulf". American Journal of Islam and Society 30, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2013): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v30i4.1091.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Persian Gulf region is home to the six members of the Gulf Cooperation
Council (viz., Oman, the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia),
Iran, and Iraq. Holding over 60 percent of the world’s oil and over 40 percent
of its natural gas reserves, the Persian Gulf is central to the global economy.
Yet a dominant regional power is lacking; beginning with the British in the
late nineteenth century, foreign powers have consistently been meddling in
the region. Significant economic, social, cultural, and political changes have
transformed the region’s international relations since Britain’s withdrawal in
the 1960s. The contributors to this volume, which provides a rich account of
this transformation, focus on natural resources, the Iranian-Saudi competition,
the interest of major external actors, and political reform.
The volume’s main thrust is the centrality of both state and regime security
in order to understand the region. The volume’s editor, Mehran Kamrava,
notes that the international politics there is essentially that of security
politics. He offers four reasons for this: (1) its central role in oil and natural
gas production and, increasingly, global finance, (2) the competition between
Iran and Saudi Arabia over regional leadership, (3) the long-standing
American-Iranian conflict, and (4) the instability brought about by intermixing
politics and religion.
He identifies three poles of power that shape the region’s security dynamics:
the American pole; the GCC pole, which is centered on Saudi military
and Qatari-UAE financial power; and the Iranian pole, which relies both on
military might and soft power. Since the Iranian revolution, the American and
the GCC poles have built a resilient alliance that has been driven by both the
United States’ growing direct involvement and the GCC’s failure to provide
security to its members.
The chapters, written by leading regional specialists, further elaborate on
the region’s security dynamics. In Chapter 2, J. E. Petersen offers a useful typology
of boundary formation. He discusses how the state-building process,
historical claims, colonial imposition, and resource competition have shaped
state boundaries. As these boundaries remain contested, Petersen details various
ongoing problems. In Chapter 3, Fred H. Lawson refines the concepts “security
dilemma” and “alliances dilemma” and uses them to explain the arms race in
the Gulf since the first Gulf War. Middle East specialists and international relations
scholars will find these chapters useful in conceptual refinement ...
46
Kodenko, I. I. "Concepts of Early Music Re-creation in Wanda Landowska’s Work". Aspects of Historical Musicology 17, n. 17 (15 settembre 2019): 261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-17.17.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. The XIX century presented the world with many wonderful musicians, among them there is Wanda Landowska (1879–1959), a researcher of the musical culture of the past. She is considered as one of the founders of the authentic movement in academic musical art, a representative of the first generation of “historical performers” who returned long-forgotten ancient music to their contemporaries. Landowska’s creativity, whose concerts with historical programs in the early XX century enjoyed extreme popularity, was covered in the press of that time, and, after, in special literature, although, given the world fame of the artist, clearly not enough. The name of W. Landowska is mentioned in passing by her contemporary A. Schweitzer in his famous monograph “J. S. Bach” (Schweitzer, 1965, transl. from German Ya. Druskin, p. 259); the review articles by famous Russian musicians and scientists A. V. Ossovsky (1971) and A. Maikapar (1991) are devoted to her. However, the fundamental studies of all aspects of W. Landowska’s activity are still lacking both in foreign and in domestic musicology. Ukrainian scientists have already taken certain steps in the study of the work of an outstanding Polish artist. G. Kurkovsky (1983) highlights the performances of a harpsichordist in Kiev, analyzing her repertoire. As a participant in concerts of the Imperial Russian Music Society, between 1907 and 1911 W. Landowska performed with constant success in Ukraine, not only in Kiev, but also in Odessa and Kharkiv. The researches by N. Svyrydenko, which appeared in the last decade (2010a, 2010b, 2017), gives a due assessment of the activity of the outstanding Polish musician in promoting ancient music. However, in general, in publications devoted to the artist, an analysis of the features of her performing style was not given enough attention, as well as her research works and notes. Objectives. This article aims to identify features of the concepts of W. Landowska regarding the performance of ancient music. The research material was, first of all, the notes of the outstanding harpsichordist collected by her student D. Restout; Russian translation by A. Maikapar (Landowska, W., 1991). The results of the study. Landowska is one of the firsts who was involved in the formation of the phenomenon of “early music”. She draws attention to the fact that few of her contemporaries carefully studied the music of the Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque. Meanwhile, the musical practice of these eras lays the foundation for the formation of styles and Viennese classicism, and Romanticism, and new music. Working on the interpretation of ancient works, Landowska, first of all, proceeded from the historical context of the era and the general musical meaning. She emphasized the importance of playing music on the instruments of the exact era for which they were written. In her works, Landowska focused on the problems of reproducing ancient music on the harpsichord, namely, on such performance parameters as tempo, dynamics, registration, phrasing, ornamentation. In particular, Landowska presents and parses the tables of F. Couperin, J. Ph. Rameau and J. S. Bach with decipherments of ornamentations, touching in this connection also to issues of improvisation. Landowska laid the foundations of historically informed performing, emphasizing the need for musicians to study the treatises of Р. F. Tosi-J. F.Agricola, J.J. Quantz, F. Couperin, J. Ph. Rameau, L. Mozart, G. Frescobaldi, F. W. Marpurg, С. Ph. E. Bach. Relying on the old treatises, she sought to find a practical solution to the problems of interpreting ancient music precisely on authentic instruments, since the technique and character of the performance largely depend on the construction of the latter. Landowska studied in detail the clavier works of the outstanding harpsichordists F. Couperin and J. Ph. Rameau, and also paid great attention to the issue of the influence of French music on German music. Landowska believed that in order to find the right tempo, high-quality sound, it is necessary to thoroughly study the mechanism of the instrument. We can talk about the “sense of rhythm”, “accuracy and articulation of sound” about “spatial representations” only from the position of the harpsichordist, since the latter can have just different principles of intonation on the instrument and completely different decisions for fingering, than the pianist, due to the different construction of the harpsichord and piano (for example, without the passing of one finger under another). Landowska deals with the main key to ancient music – rhetoric. Increased attention in interpretation should be given to phrasing and breathing, which plays a major role, since each pause, caesura logically share a melodic line. At the same time, rhythmic freedom should not become synonymous with arbitrariness – Landowska’s playing was always distinguished by rhythmic accuracy, with which it conveyed the duration of sounds. “Some phrases within the play require rhythmic changes, while others – do not,” notes the artist (1991, p. 373). Thus, Landowska insisted on a completely different approach to the interpretation of music of past eras compared to what reigned in her time. She believed that turning to the music of masters of the past gives the musician the opportunity to develop a good musical taste and aesthetic feeling, and studying of the theoretical sources of ancient eras – to create a full-fledged idea of ancient music. In order to embody his vision of music in sounds, the performer should have good taste, Landowska insists on this, but it must be connected with knowledge of the material, styles of the past and historical context. Studying old treatises, Landowska made certain conclusions: the technology of playing an instrument is more complex and multifaceted than simply polishing “complex passages”, as it is considered today, and “coordination of thought and fingers” was called “technology” in that time (ibid., p. 150). In general, the artist puts “ears” and “consciousness” above just good finger coordination. The task of an authenticist is more difficult – it’s not enough to have good technique, you need to be able to combine all other performance components: touché, rhythm, breath, agogics, ornamentation, rhetoric, symbolism, sound, timbre, etc. Conclusions. W. Landowska positioned herself primarily as a harpsichordist, popularizing this instrument, although the sound of her harpsichord is still quite far from the sound of a “historical harpsichord”, for example, G. Leonhardt. Nevertheless, the sound of the harpsichord recreated by Landowska made a stunning impression on his contemporaries. As a result, it completely changed the then performer’s and listener’s ideas about ancient music, giving a powerful impetus to a complete revision and rethinking of generally accepted manners of performing and romantic cliché of hearing. Fifty-year-old practical experience of Landowska-harpsichordist is very important for modern performers of ancient music, who strive for its most accurate reproduction, that open the perspectives for further in-depth study of the creative heritage of an outstanding artist.
47
Ogawa, Yoshiyuki, Kunio Yanagisawa, Hiroaki Shimizu, Takuma Ishizaki, Akitada Ichinose e Hiroshi Handa. "Overshoot of FVIII Activity in Patients with Acquired Hemophilia". Blood 132, Supplement 1 (29 novembre 2018): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112126.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Background: Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare, life-threatening bleeding disorder caused by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) [J Thromb Haemost. 2011;9:226-235]. The disease is characterized by spontaneous hemorrhage or prolonged bleeding after surgery, trauma, or other invasive procedures in patients with neither family nor personal histories of hemorrhagic diathesis [BMC Res Notes. 2010;3:161]. The main goal of AHA therapy is arrest of bleeding by eliminating FVIII inhibitors. Once AHA is diagnosed, the patient should be placed on immunosuppressive therapy comprising corticosteroids either alone or in combination with effective cytotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, azathioprine or, more recently, rituximab. Through these therapeutic interventions, 70-80% of patients with AHA reportedly achieve complete remission (CR) [Blood. 2007;109:1870-1877]. Overshoot of FVIII activity after achieving CR has been known anecdotally in some AHA patients, but the details remain unclear. Patients and methods: CR was defined when the following criteria were met: resolution of hemorrhagic signs; FVIII activity >60 IU/dl; and negative results for FVIII inhibitor. We treated a total of 20 patients with AHA between January 2009 and December 2017 at Gunma University Hospital (GUH). Data from the 15 AHA patients (median age, 74 years; range, 30-87 years; 10 males) who achieved CR under immunosuppressive therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Overshoot of FVIII activity was defined as a level ³150 IU/dl. All patients provided written informed consent for review of their medical records. The institutional review board at GUH approved the study protocol. Results: Baseline AHA-related parameters are shown below. All 15 patients showed a prolonged APTT (median, 77.0 s; range, 63.4-124.7 s). FVIII activity had decreased to <10 IU/dl in all patients (median, 2.3 IU/dl; range, <1.0-8.0 IU/dl), and two patients were very deficient in FVIII (<1.0 IU/dl). Median titer of FVIII inhibitor was 13.0 BU/mL (range, 2.0-234 BU/ml). Eleven patients required therapy with bypassing agents. Hemostatic therapy was generally effective and no deaths due to bleeding events were encountered. All 15 patients achieved CR by immunosuppressive therapy primarily due to steroids, within a median of 39 days (range, 19-173 days). Overshoot was observed in 10 patients (66.7%), with maximum FVIII activity >200 IU/dl in 5 patients. Median duration from CR to overshoot was 17 days (range, 0-154 days). Venous thromboembolism as a severe complication caused by overshoot was observed in one patient, with a giant hematoma compressing the left iliac vein. Discussion and Conclusion: We have provided, here, the first report on the frequency of FVIII overshoot after CR in AHA patients, revealing a higher than expected frequency. Most AHA patients are elderly, relatively inactive and receiving steroid therapy, and so are a prime group for developing thromboembolism. Some patients have been reported to develop thrombosis during AHA treatment [Haemophilia. 2007;13:451-461]. In addition, high FVIII activity (>150 IU/dl) has been reported as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism [Lancet. 1995;345:152-155]. Overshoot of FVIII activity after CR may risk thromboembolism when combined with other thrombotic triggers. Disclosures Handa: Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
48
Vassilev, Simeon. "Randy Harris’ Linguistic Shakespeareanism The linguistic war for Chomsky's theoretical cloud". Rhetoric and Communications, n. 53 (31 ottobre 2022): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55206/xwha2957.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
“Randy Harris has done a remarkable service to the intellectual world.” This is one of many positive reviews of Prof. Harris's work. Randy Allen Harris’ [1] Linguistic Wars. The book appeared in 1993 and even then challenged the academic world and theoretical linguistics, more precisely one of its branches, Noam Chomsky's generative grammar of the second half of the last century, which is an attempt to explain the concept of “human language”. “Randy Harris’ Linguistic Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle for Deep Structure [2] has been given new life with its updated 2021 edition. [3] It not only greatly expands our knowledge of language, it challenges all those interested in academic battles over knowledge, offered to us by some of the greatest minds in linguistics - the most influential American linguist and cognitive researcher Noam Chomsky and his talented colleagues and PhD students with whom he later diverged and entered into acrimonious controversy - George Lakoff [4], James McCauley [5], Paul Postal [6] and John Robert Ross. [7] They attempted to undermine his thesis of “deep structure” and did not accept the magister dixit principle. [8] They called themselves the “Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.” [9] In contrast to Chomsky and his theory, known as “standard” [10] or “universal grammar,” Lakoff and his colleagues put the emphasis on semantics and created a very influential current that caused a furor as generative semantics. They were convinced that the meaning of words should be considered abstractly, at the semantic level, rather than at the syntactic level. Their hypothesis was later called “generative semantics”, which also attracted many linguists from Europe. It gave rise to alternative cognitive linguistics, which links the understanding of language to the concepts of cognitive psychology. The language wars actually began in 1967 and raged through the 1970s. At the heart of the heated debate is the answer to the question of how to approach the relationship between syntax and semantics. It is remarkable how Randy Harris achieves his main goal of introducing the complex matter of trans¬formational grammar [11] to a general readership with incredible ease. The histories of several prominent linguists and the controversies in American theoretical linguistics are presented in a way that makes the book accessible not only to professionally burdened linguists and specialists in communication and rhetoric. It goes far beyond the academic corset of the scholarly community and turns this complex subject of the relationship between semantics and syntax into a fascinating account of the intellectual and academic debates, theories, and concepts that not only shook the scholarly community in the second half of the last century, but also had a profound impact on contemporary linguistics at the turn of the 21st century. This book details the development of some of the theories and their characteristics that have influenced contemporary theories of language. Randy Harris's book has one undoubted and very important quality. It is written in a very engaging style that allows even those with no particular background in linguistics to gain an insight into the most important linguistic theories with an accurate analysis of the influence and legacy of the charismatic Noam Chomsky, who was ultimately the victor in the so-called linguistic wars. His terms “deep structure” and “surface structure” [12] are part of the toolkit of the great scientific adventure in the study of human cognitive abilities. Chomsky is convinced that syntactic structures are not learned, but “mastered”. His main conclusion is that “grammar is autonomous and independent of meaning.” [13] Chomsky's monograph Syntactic Structures is one of the most significant studies of the 20th century. Years later, in 2015, a team of neuroscientists at New York University exclaimed, “Chomsky was right: We do have a “grammar” in our head.” [14] “Language is the strangest and most powerful thing that ever existed on this planet. All other, more mundane and less powerful things, like nuclear weapons, quantum computers, and antibiotics, would be literally unthinkable without language” [15], writes Randy Harris. In fact, his book is not just about the history of battles in the field of theoretical linguistics or how certain theories evolved. It is above all a clever and exciting account of the way we think. In places, Randy Harris demonstrates a subtle sense of humor about the “har¬monious” scientific community that makes the book very appealing. The implications of the bitter linguistic disputes over theories and their alternatives in the 1960s and 1970s continue to influence us today. They brought much new knowledge to the field, and Harris's book is proof of the evolution of the theories. The intellectual argument between scholars enjoying their theories changed approaches, rethought theories of syntax and semantics, became the occasion for new ideas, and the cause of theoretical fame for teacher and students. Randy Harris’s fascinating and highly erudite account of the language wars is a book not only about history but also about the future of history, about trends in the understanding of language and knowledge, and about revolu¬tionizing linguistic research. It goes far beyond an inventive and remarkably balanced scholarly chronicle, and makes an undeniable contribution to linguistic and communication studies. The book offers an original analysis of language and thought, of the beauty of deep structure, of generative semantics, of ethos and collapse, of the vicissitudes of linguistic warfare, and of the transition from the linguistics of the 20th century to that of the 21st. It is no coincidence that the ninth chapter of the new edition of the book is entitled Linguistics of the 21st Century. Harris aptly quotes Shakespeare and the dialogue in which Hamlet tells Polonius that a cloud resembles a camel, and then convinces him that it is a weasel and even a whale. [16] To Harris, language is too complex to reveal its secrets in one fell swoop to a linguist, “hawk” though he may be. [17] “I wouldn’t bet against Chomsky,” Harris writes with a certain firmness, and casually conjures the reader’s association with Chomsky’s theoretical cloud war, in which he, like Hamlet, is not just an angel surrounded by devils. The philosophy implicit in Hamlet’s fateful question of “to be or not to be” shines through in the dramatic history of linguistics and its wars described by Randy Harris. And this is one of the many reasons for one of the most accurate characterizations of his book that we can read in Science, the scholarly journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Back in 1994, it called the first edition “intellectual history crossed with Shakespearean history play.” [18] Its updated and expanded edition, nearly thirty years later, is a truly remarkable service to the intellectual world and yet another endorsement of Randy Harris’s linguistic Shakespeare¬anism. References and Notes [1] Prof. Randy Allen Harris teaches linguistics, rhetoric, and professional writing in the English department at the University of Waterloo, and researches a smattering of things mostly around the cognitive and computational aspects of rhetorical figures. [2] Harris, Randy Allen, The Linguistics Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle over Deep Structure, 2nd ed. (New York, 2021; online ed., Oxford Academic, 18 Nov. 2021), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199740338.001.0001, 2022. [3] Harris, Randy Allen, The Linguistics Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle over Deep Structure, 2nd edn (New York, 2021; online ed., Oxford Academic, 18 Nov. 2021), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199740338.001.0001, accessed 3 Aug. 2022. [4] Lakoff, G. (1968). Instrumental Adverbs and the Concept of Deep Structure. Foundations of Language, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 4–29. [5] McCawley, J. D. (1976). Notes from the Linguistic Underground. Print version: Notes from the Linguistic Underground. Leiden Boston: BRILL, 1976 9789004368538. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004368859. [6] Postal, P. M. (1972). The best theory. In S. Peters (Ed.), Goals of linguistic theory. Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice-Hall. [7] Ross, J. R. (1972). Doubl-ing. In J. Kimball (Ed.), Syntax and semantics. (Vol. 1, pp. 157–186). New York: Seminar Press. [8] Това каза учителят (позоваване на безспорен авторитет). [This is what the teacher said (reference to unquestioned authority).] [9] Според Християнската есхатология тези четири конника на Апокалипсиса са предвестници на Страшния съд. [According to Christian eschatology, these four horsemen of the Apocalypse are harbingers of the Last Judgment.] [10] See. Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structures. London: Mouton. [11] Early versions of Chomsky's theory can be called transformative grammar, and this term is still used as a collective term to include his subsequent theories. The theory is also known as transformational-generative grammar. [12] Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton. [13] Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton. [14] Chomsky Was Right, NYU Researchers Find: We Do Have a “Grammar” in Our Head. 07.12.2015. NYU. https://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2015/ december/chomsky-was-right-nyu-researchers-find-we-do-have-a-grammar-in-our-head.html. Retrieved on 16.08.2022. [15] Harris, R. A. (2021). The Linguistics Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle over Deep Structure, 2nd ed. (New York, 2021; online ed., Oxford Academic, 18 Nov. 2021), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199740338.001.0001, accessed 3 Aug. 2022., 1. [16] Harris, R. A. (2021). The Linguistics Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle over Deep Structure. (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford Academic, 363. [17] Harris, R. A. (2021). The Linguistics Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle over Deep Structure. (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford Academic, 363. [18] Berreby, D. (1994). Linguistics Wars. The Sciences, Vol. 34, Issue 1, January-February 1994. Bibliography Berreby, D. (1994). Linguistics Wars. The Sciences, 34(1). Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton. Harris, R. A. (2021). The Linguistics Wars: Chomsky, Lakoff, and the Battle over Deep Structure (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford Academic. doi:https://doi.org/10. 1093/oso/9780199740338.001.0001. Lakoff, G. (1968). Instrumental Adverbs and the Concept of Deep Structure. Founda¬tions of Language, 4(1), 4–29. McCawley, J. D. (1976). Notes from the Linguistic Underground. New York: Academic Press. Postal, P. M. (1972). The best theory. In Goals of linguistic theory. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs N.J. Prentice-Hall. Ross, J. R. (1972). Doubl-ing. Syntax and semantics, 1, 157–186. Shakespeare, W. (1998). (V. Petrov, transl.) Sofia: Zachary Stoyanov.
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Garrido Domené, Fuensanta, e Felipe Aguirre Quintero. "La tradición musical antigua en autores latinos de los siglos VI-VII". Vínculos de Historia Revista del Departamento de Historia de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, n. 12 (28 giugno 2023): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/vdh_2023.12.11.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
RESUMENEste artículo está dedicado a los tratados musicales escritos en latín entre los siglos vi y vii. A través de estas páginas se dará una visión concisa, ecléctica y panóptica de autores latinos que vivieron entre estos siglos y que dedicaron su obra o parte de ella a nociones relacionadas con la ciencia harmónica de los antiguos griegos. En este estudio se evidenciará la selección de ciertos aspectos de la teoría musical griega en su paso hasta la Edad Media, como la pérdida paulatina de la cuestión notacional vocal e instrumental, así como la progresiva importancia que fue adquiriendo la rítmica y la métrica en los tratados musicales de esta época. Palabras clave: Boecio, Casiodoro, Isidoro de Sevilla, música griega antiguaTopónimo: EuropaPeríodo: Edad Media ABSTRACTThis article is dedicated to the musical treatises written in Latin between the 6thand 7thcenturies. Throughout these pages there will be given a concise, eclectic and panoptic view of the Latin authors who lived between these centuries and who dedicated their work or part of their work to notions related to the harmonic science of the ancient Greeks. This study aims to show the selection of certain aspects of Greek music theory in its evolution to the Middle Ages, such as the gradual loss of the vocal and instrumental musical notation, as well as the progressive importance that Rhythmics and Metrics were acquiring in the musical treatises of this era. Keywords: Boethius, Cassiodorus, Isidore of Seville, ancient greek musicPlace names: EuropePeriod: Middle Ages REFERENCIASBarbera, A. (1980): The Persistence of Pythagorean Mathematics in Ancient Musical Thought, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Ph. D. Dissertation.Barker, A. (1989): Greek Musical Writings. Vol. II: Harmonic and Acoustic Theory, Cambridge University Press.Barney, S. A., Lewis, W. J., Beach, J. A. y Berghof, O. (2006): The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville, Cambridge University Press.Bower, C. M. (1978): “Boethius and Nicomachus: An Essay Concerning the Sources of the De Institutione Musica”, Vivarium 16, pp. 1-45.—(1989): Fundamentals of Music. Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius translated, with Introduction and Notes, Yale University Press.— (2008): “The transmission of ancient music theory in to the Middle Ages”, en Th. Christensen (ed.), The Cambridge History of Western Music Theory, Cambridge University Press, pp. 136-167.Caldwell, J. (1981): “The De institutione arithmetica and the De institutione musica”, en M. Gibson (ed.), Boethius. His Life, Thought and Influence, Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 135-154.Chadwick, H. (1981): Boethius. The Consolations of Music, Logic, Theology, and Philosophy, Oxford University Press.Condorelli, A. (2005): “Nota su Cassiodoro (Inst. 2, 5, 2/3)”, Wiener Studien 118, pp. 183-192, tiny.cc/60posz (Consulta: 30-03-2021).Courcelle, P. (1948): Les lettres grecques en Occident. De Macrobe à Cassidore, Paris, E. de Boccard.— (1969): Late Latin Writers and Their Greek Sources, Harvard University Press.— (1973): “Ambroise de Milan et Calcidius”, en W. den Boer, P. G. van der Nat y Ch. M. J. Sicking, Romanitas et Christianitas: Studia Iano Henrino Waszink A. D. VI Kal. Nou. A. MCMLXXIII XIII lustra complenti oblata, Amsterdam, North-Holland, pp. 45-53.Cristante, L. (1987): Martiani Capellae De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii Liber IX, Padova, Ed. Antenore.Dick, A. (1978): Martianus Capella, ed. stereotypa correctior editionis anni 1925, addenda et corr. iterum adiecit Jean Préaux, Stutgardiae, Teubner.Friedlein, G. (1867): Anicii Manlii Torquati Severim Boetii De institutione arithmetica libri duo, De institutione musi ca libri quinque; accedit Geometria quae fertur Boetii, Leipzig.Fubini, E. (1976): L’estetica musicale dall’antichità al Settecento, Torino, Giulio Einaudi.Garrido Domené, F. (2012): “Lo que vibra es el yunque: análisis de Nicom. Harm. VI, pp. 245.18-248.26”, Cuadernos de Filología Clásica: Estudios griegos e indoeuropeos 22, pp. 127-140.— (2016): Los teóricos menores de la música griega, Barcelona, Cerix.— (2018): “Límites del léxico musical latino: Nicómaco de Gerasa en Boecio”, Latomus 77, pp. 365-382.Garrido Domené, F. y Aguirre Quintero, F. (2016): “La tradición musical antigua en autores latinos tardíos: siglos iii-v”, Littera Aperta 4, pp. 37-63.Gómez Muntané, M. C. (2001): La música medieval en España, Kassel, Edition Reichenberger.Gibson, M. (ed.) (1981): Boethius. His Life, Thought and Influence, Oxford, Blackwell.Grebe, S. (1993): “Die Musiktheorie des Martianus Capella: eine Betrachtung der in 9, 921-935 benutzten Quellen”, International Journal of Musicology 2, pp. 23-60.— (1999): Martianus Capella, De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, Darstellung der Sieben Freien Künste und ihrer Beziehungen zueinander, Stuttgart-Leipzig.Guillaumin, J.-B. (2011): Martianus Capella, Les noces de Philologie et de Mercure. Livre IX: L’Harmonie, Paris, Les Belles Lettres.Gushee, L. (1973): “Questions of Genre in Medieval Treatises on Music”, en E. L. Wulf y H. Oesch, Gattungen der Musik in Einzeldarstellungen, Gedenkschrift Leo Schrade, vol. I, Bern-München, Francke, pp. 365-433.Kaylor, N. H. y Phillips, P. E. (eds.) (2012): A Companion to Boethius in the Middle Ages, Leiden, Brill.Kirkby, H. (1981): “The Scholar and his Public”, en M. Gibson (ed.), Boethius. His Life, Thought and Influence, Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 44-69.Lindsay, W. M. (1911): Isidori Hispalensis Episcopi Etymologiarum sive Originum libri XX, Oxford.Luque Moreno, J., Fuentes, F., López, C., Díaz, P. R. y Madrid, M. (2009): Boecio. Sobre el fundamento de la música, Madrid, Gredos.Lynch, C. H. y Galindo, P. (eds.) (1950): San Braulio, obispo de Zaragoza (631-651). Su vida y sus obras, Madrid, CSIC.Matthews, J. (1981): “Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius”, en M. Gibson (ed.), Boethius. His Life, Thought and Influence, Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 15-43.Mathiesen, Th J. (1998): Strunk’s Source Readings in Music History, Vol. I, Greek View of Music, New York.— (2000): Apollo’s Lyre. Greek Music and Music Theory in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, University of Nebraska Press.Michaelides, S. (1978): The Music of Ancient Greece. An Encyclopaedia, London, Faber and Faber.Mynors, R. A. B. (ed.) (1937): Cassiodori senatoris institutiones, Oxford, The Clarendon Press, goo.gl/EHUoPH (Consulta: 12-02-2021).Navarro Antolín, F. (2016): Marciano Capela, las nupcias de Filología y Mercurio, vol. I. Libros I-II: Las bodas místicas, Introducción, edición crítica, traducción y notas, Madrid, Alma Mater-CSIC.O’Donnell, J. J. (1969): Cassiodorus, University of California Press.Obertello, L. (1974): Severino Boezio, 2 vols., Genova, Accademia Ligure di Scienze e Lettere.Oroz Reta, J., Marcos Casquero, M. A. y Díaz y Díaz, M. C. (eds.) (2004): San Isidoro de Sevilla. Etimologías, Edición bilingüe, Madrid, Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos. Pizzani, U. (1965): “Studi sulle fonti del De institutione musica di Boezio”, Sacris erudiri 16, pp. 5-164.— (1982): “Una ignorata testimonianza di Ammonio di Ermia sul perduto Opus maius di Nicomaco sulla musica”, en Studi in onore di Aristide Colonna, Perugia, Ist. di Filol. Class., pp. 235-345.Ramelli, I. (2001): Marziano Capella, Le nozze di Filologia e Mercurio, Introduzione, traduzione, commento e appendici, Milano, Bompiani.Schrade, L. (1947): “Music in the Philosophy of Boethius”. Musical Quarterly 33, pp. 188-200.Stahl, W. H., Johnson, R. y Burge, E. L. (1971): Martianus Capella and the Seven Liberal Arts. Volume I: The Quadrivium of Martianus Capella. Latin Traditions in the Mathematical Sciences, 50 B.C.-A.D. 1250, with a Study of the Allegory and the Verbal Disciplines, Columbia University Press.— (1977): Martianus Capella and the Seven Liberal Arts. Volume II: Marriage of Philologie and Mercury, Columbia University Press.Villegas Guillén, S. (2005): Boecio. Tratado de música, Madrid, Ediciones Clásicas.Wille, G. (1967): Musica Romana, Amsterdam, P. Schippers N.V.Willis, J. A. (1983): Martianus Capella, Leipzig, Teubner.Zekl, H. G. (2005): Martianus Capella: Die Hochzeit der Philologia mit Merkur. De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, Würzburg, Königshausen Neumann.
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Godde, Sandra J. "Reaching for Immortality: Can Science Cheat Death? A Christian Response to Transhumanism". Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 75, n. 2 (settembre 2023): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.56315/pscf9-23godde.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
REACHING FOR IMMORTALITY: Can Science Cheat Death? A Christian Response to Transhumanism by Sandra J. Godde. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2022. 98 pages. Paperback; $18.00. ISBN: 9781666736748. *This short book considers what it means to live in a world in which transhumanism has taken root. Written from a Christian perspective primarily for a general Christian audience, it is nonetheless also for others who, the author hopes, will be "inspired by the invitation of Christ to find true and everlasting life in him" (p. xiv). *Exploring the importance of embodiment (especially from a biblical perspective), the nature of personhood in the technological future, as well as the convergences and divergences between transhumanist and Christian visions, Sandra J. Godde--an artist and lecturer in Christian Studies at Christian Heritage College in Brisbane--takes up the following guiding questions: "Will cybernetic immortality ever trump the Christian hope of resurrection from the dead and the life of the world to come?," and "Is [transhumanism] desirable for human flourishing, or consistent with faith in biblical redemption?" The overall objective, here, is "to resource Christians to think deeply and respond to the transhumanist agenda regarding death and immortality" (p. 6) as advances in technology continue to form us as human beings (pp. 18-19). *The author begins with a quick and very general overview of transhumanism, summarized as "man improving himself by merging with technology" (p. 2). Godde pays particular attention to technological immortality and to the larger question of what, exactly, we ultimately desire for ourselves as individual human beings and, collectively, as a species. *In the first chapter, Godde speaks to how transhumanist ideas have infiltrated popular culture, "endowing technology with a religious-like significance bordering on worship" (p. 8). As cases in point, the author goes on to highlight a number of movies and literary pieces, hardly any of which are favorable depictions of technological use by human beings. In the chapters that follow, she goes on to compare and contrast Christian and transhumanist worldviews, looking primarily at the nature of humanhood and creatureliness, the value (or not) of being limited, eschatology, deification, the concept of the imago Dei, and the necessity (or disposability) of the body. *This last point frames much of the discussion. The Christian tradition's affirmation that "we are our bodies" (with emphasis here on the centrality of the body in Christian teaching on the Incarnation and the Resurrection) is completely at odds with the transhumanist quest to technologically transform the biological body (or, very simply, to do away with it altogether). Working toward a more perfect, as it were, expression of the imago Dei is quite different, the author notes, from striving to become Homo cyberneticus (p. 19). *Although the penultimate chapter ("Towards a Christian Ethical Framework") does not really take up the constructive, balanced, or critical ethics discussion that I was hoping for (the title itself suggests that the chapter was meant to be preliminary), it offers a helpful list of those aspects of human nature that we ought to preserve and defend. This is great fodder for Christian readers, who will want to continue mulling over the question of what is valuable and indispensable about being human. *The overall brevity of the book (there are only about 73 pages of text), which is punctuated by some degree of repetition, means that the author does not dive into a rigorous analysis of the pressing and important questions that she asks throughout. For example, I would have liked to read a more nuanced representation of the diversity that exists in transhumanist thought regarding a number of issues raised here; I would have liked a deeper engagement with how transhumanists handle the concept of the "transcendent and intangible soul," especially if it is, as the author says, "the essence of who we are" (p. 10); and I would have liked to learn more about Godde's understanding of how, in the Incarnation, Christ validates "the good design" of the unenhanced human body (p. 26). *The author's aim, here, is to introduce Christian readers to the conversation, which she does in an insightful and accessible way. In the end, she wants to help equip the Christian reader to think about the big, existential questions that are brought to the fore in the pursuit for immortality that is shared by Christians and transhumanists alike. Although Godde is unreservedly critical of transhumanism, I very much appreciated her perception of transhumanists as a "new breed of fellow travellers who also see a promised land" (p. 2). *Reviewed by Cory Andrew Labrecque, PhD, Associate Professor of Theological Ethics and Bioethics, Vice-Dean, Faculté de théologie et de sciences religieuses, Université Laval, QC.