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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 27 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 28 luglio 2024

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1

Wilhelm, Michael, Ulrich Ewers, Jürgen Wittsiepe, Peter Fürst, Jürgen Hölzer, Georg Eberwein, Jürgen Angerer, Boleslaw Marczynski e Ulrich Ranft. "Human biomonitoring studies in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 210, n. 3-4 (maggio 2007): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.01.039.

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Flintrop, C., B. Hohlmann, T. Jasper, C. Korte, O. G. Podlaha, S. Scheele e J. Veizer. "Anatomy of pollution; rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". American Journal of Science 296, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1996): 58–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/ajs.296.1.58.

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3

Burchart, A., B. Leppig, B. Müller e G. Wimmer. "Mapping the Groundwater Vulnerability in North Rhine–Westphalia, Germany". Environmental Engineering Science 23, n. 4 (luglio 2006): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ees.2006.23.574.

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4

Neumann, Uwe. "Lebenslanges Lernen als Standortfaktor?" Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 70, n. 3 (29 novembre 2021): 282–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2021-2059.

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Abstract In the process of occupational changes connected to digitisation, lifelong learning continues to gain in importance. Using microdata from the German microcensus for 2011 and 2016 the article finds that in North Rhine-Westphalia participation in adult education is significantly lower than in other Länder. Most importantly, it is less likely for workers in North Rhine-Westphalia to participate than for workers with a similar qualification and age in Southern and Northern Germany. Among the policy measures designed to meet the challenges of ongoing structural change, encouragement of participation in adult education is therefore a likely step.

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Özdemir, Yusuf, e Seyat Polat. "Teachers with a refugee background work as educators in Germany". Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 18, n. 4 (1 novembre 2024): 1394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v18i4.21738.

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This study's focus is to determine refugee teachers' views regarding their ability to work as teachers in Germany, their initiatives, and the challenges they face. In this context, the study was conducted based on qualitative research methodology. In order to collect data a total of 265 teachers residing in the 16 states of Germany were reached. Upon examining the results, it is observed that the majority of participants express a desire to work as teachers in Germany, while only a few have actually obtained the opportunity to work as teachers in Germany. More than half of the participants who are currently working as teachers reside in the North Rhine-Westphalia state. When analyzing the results, it becomes evident that a significant portion of the participants are strongly inclined to pursue a teaching career in Germany. However, the data reveals that the actual attainment of employment as teacher in Germany remains relatively low among the respondents. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that a majority of the teachers currently employed in the profession are concentrated in the North Rhine-Westphalia state.

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Güner, Pinar Burcu. "Education as an Aspiration for Girls of Turkish Muslim Origin in Germany". ETHICS IN PROGRESS 9, n. 2 (8 febbraio 2019): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/eip.2018.2.7.

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In order to find the inequalities in the life of socially vulnerable Turkish origin girls; the present research conceptualized how ethnicity and migration background deprive or enhance capabilities (opportunities) of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation girls with a Turkish origin living in Germany. Data for research were collected in consultation with colleagues working in the field of youth and education in the Federal State of North Rheine Westphalia. The participants were girls between the ages of 13 and 21 years residing in North Rhine Westphalia`s (NRW) socio-economically vulnerable areas.

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Geller, Frank, Wolfgang Urfer e Klaus Golka. "Bladder Cancer and Occupational Exposures in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 71, n. 13-14 (3 giugno 2008): 856–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287390801987956.

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Golka, Klaus, Katja Ickstadt e Michael Wilhelm. "Interdisciplinary Activities in Environmental Toxicology in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 71, n. 11-12 (2 giugno 2008): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287390802138724.

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9

Shah, P. M., e R. R. Reinert. "Invasive pneumococcal disease in adults in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany". Clinical Microbiology and Infection 12, n. 9 (settembre 2006): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.1518_1.x.

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10

Reinert, R. R., G. Conrads, J. J. Schlaeger, G. Werner, W. Witte, R. Lütticken e I. Klare. "Survey of Antibiotic Resistance among Enterococci in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, n. 5 (1999): 1638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.5.1638-1641.1999.

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A surveillance study on antibiotic resistance of enterococcal isolates (n = 730) was carried out in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in 1997. Resistance rates to ampicillin (7.4%), high-level gentamicin (15.0%), high-level streptomycin (27.9%), ciprofloxacin (37.9%), vancomycin (1.5%), and teicoplanin (1.5%) were determined. All vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) carried the vanA gene. SmaI andApaI macrorestriction patterns indicated an intra- and interhospital spread of VRE.

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11

IKAWA, Hirofumi. "HISTORIC SITE CONSERVATION SYSTEMS IN GERMANY : Hessen and North Rhine-Westphalia". Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 71, n. 608 (2006): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.71.219_3.

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12

Knobelsdorf, Maria, Johannes Magenheim, Torsten Brinda, Dieter Engbring, Ludger Humbert, Arno Pasternak, Ulrik Schroeder, Marco Thomas e Jan Vahrenhold. "Computer Science Education in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany—A Case Study". ACM Transactions on Computing Education 15, n. 2 (5 maggio 2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2716313.

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13

Dissel, Maria, Sebastian Rotterdam, Peter Altmeyer e Thilo Gambichler. "Indoor tanning in North Rhine-Westphalia Germany: a self-reported survey". Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine 25, n. 2 (aprile 2009): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2009.00417.x.

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14

Pfeffer, Hans-Ulrich, Jürgen Friesel, Gereon Elbers, Reinhold Beier e Klemens Ellermann. "Air pollution monitoring in street canyons in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Science of The Total Environment 169, n. 1-3 (luglio 1995): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04627-d.

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15

Grunder, R. "Project support for patent information centres in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". World Patent Information 21, n. 1 (marzo 1999): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0172-2190(99)00019-8.

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16

Seifert, Stefan, Saskia Wolff e Silke Hüttel. "Eco-efficiency in the agricultural landscape of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Agricultural Systems 220 (ottobre 2024): 104062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.104062.

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Wang, Shanshan, Sebastian Gartzke, Michael Schreckenberg e Thomas Guhr. "Collective behavior in the North Rhine-Westphalia motorway network". Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2021, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2021): 123401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ac3662.

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Abstract To understand the dynamics on complex networks, measurement of correlations is indispensable. In a motorway network, it is not sufficient to collect information on fluxes and velocities on all individual links, i.e. parts of the freeways between ramps and highway crosses. The interdependencies and mutual connections are also of considerable interest. We analyze correlations in the complete motorway network in North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state in Germany. We view the motorway network as a complex system consisting of road sections which interact via the motion of vehicles, implying structures in the corresponding correlation matrices. In particular, we focus on collective behavior, i.e. coherent motion in the whole network or in large parts of it. To this end, we study the eigenvalue and eigenvector statistics and identify significant sections in the motorway network. We find collective behavior in these significant sections and further explore its causes. We show that collectivity throughout the network cannot directly be related to the traffic states (free, synchronous and congested) in Kerner’s three-phase theory. Hence, the degree of collectivity provides a new, complementary observable to characterize the motorway network.

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Nickel, Stefan, Winfried Schröder, Uwe Drehwald, Annekatrin Dreyer, Markus Preußing, Norbert J. Stapper, Stefan Struve, Dietmar Teuber e Barbara Völksen. "Entwicklung der Schwermetall- und Stickstoffkonzentrationen in Moosen in Deutschland". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 169, n. 6 (1 dicembre 2018): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2018.0340.

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Development of heavy metals and nitrogen concentrations in moss throughout Germany Under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, moss samples have been collected in Europe every five years since 1990 and evaluated for the concentration of heavy metals (since 1990) and nitrogen (since 2005). This article uses the data of this European Moss Survey to geostatistically evaluate and map the spatial distribution and temporal development of the heavy metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) as well as nitrogen (N) for Germany. Since the year of first sampling in Germany (Cd, Pb: 1990, Hg: 1995), heavy metal concentrations in moss tissue have decreased, while nitrogen concentrations have been remaining at almost the same level since 2005. Since 1990, Cd and Pb have shown a consistent hotspot of bioaccumulation within a broad band from North Rhine-Westphalia to Saxony, while for the other regions and with regard to Hg for most regions of Germany the geostatistical analyses corroborate that the spatial patterns of element concentrations in moss are changing across time. With regard to N, North Rhine-Westphalia and Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (2005–2015), as well as northwestern Germany (2015), proved to be a hotspot of nitrogen accumulation in moss. By contrast, the N concentration in mosses has decreased significantly in the southern German states, especially in Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg.

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Rieber, Heime, Andre Frontzek e Yvonne Pfeifer. "Molecular Investigation of Carbapenem-ResistantAcinetobacterspp. from Hospitals in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Microbial Drug Resistance 23, n. 1 (gennaio 2017): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2016.0035.

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Reinert, R. R., S. Haupts, M. van der Linden, C. Heeg, M. Y. Cil, A. Al-Lahham e D. S. Fedson. "Invasive pneumococcal disease in adults in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany, 2001–2003". Clinical Microbiology and Infection 11, n. 12 (dicembre 2005): 985–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01282.x.

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El Najjarine, Khodr Cheikh, Hiltraud Kajüter, Ina Wellmann, Andreas Stang e Chalid Assaf. "Incidence and mortality of cutaneous lymphoma in North-Rhine Westphalia/Germany: recent trends and data of the population-based cancer registry of North Rhine Westphalia". European Journal of Cancer 156 (ottobre 2021): S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(21)00686-9.

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Pesch, Roland, Winfried Schröder e Gunther Schmidt. "Nitrogen Accumulation in Forests. Exposure Monitoring by Mosses". Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.11.

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At present, there is still little information on nitrogen (N) accumulation in forests contrasting with the crucial importance of N in forest ecosystems. This work analyzes the N bioaccumulation in mosses from forested areas from Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia (two of 16 federal states of Germany), the Weser Ems Region (part of Lower Saxony), and the Euro Region Nissa (covering the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland). The studies involved samples collected from 190 sites between 1998 and 2005. Different spatial scales and regional differences in land use were chosen to assess the factors affecting N bioaccumulation in forested areas. A continuous reduction of N bioaccumulation was found from Lower Saxony (a region where agriculture is most predominant) to North Rhine-Westphalia (mostly urban). The Weser Ems Region (an agricultural region) showed a higher N concentration in mosses than the Euroregion Nissa (a former industrial region). Statistical analyses performed at the different spatial scales revealed that the areas showing greater agricultural and livestock spatial densities favor N bioaccumulation in mosses. N concentration in mosses was moderately correlated with the N concentration in the leaves and needles of the surrounding trees. No significant relationships were found regarding the crown density of forest trees or N deposition estimations from a combination of atmospheric models and deposition measurements.

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23

Eberwein, G., M. Wilhelm, J. Hölzer, D. Gladtke, J. Ring e U. Ranft. "Industrial Pollution and Children's Health—Hot Spot Studies in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Epidemiology 19, n. 1 (gennaio 2008): S218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000291896.15833.61.

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Golka, Klaus, Katja Ickstadt, Silvia Selinski, Jan G. Hengstler e Michael Wilhelm. "Second Symposium on Interdisciplinary Activities in Environmental Toxicology in North Rhine–Westphalia, Germany". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 75, n. 8-10 (15 aprile 2012): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2012.674904.

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Golka, Klaus, Katja Ickstadt, Silvia Selinski, Jan G. Hengstler e Michael Wilhelm. "Third Symposium on Interdisciplinary Activities in Environmental Toxicology in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 80, n. 7-8 (18 aprile 2017): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2017.1304744.

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du Prel, J. B., A. Icks, M. Grabert, R. W. Holl, G. Giani e J. Rosenbauer. "Socioeconomic conditions and type 1 diabetes in childhood in North Rhine–Westphalia, Germany". Diabetologia 50, n. 4 (9 febbraio 2007): 720–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-007-0592-5.

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Thomas, Fabian, e Kathrin Knüppe. "From Flood Protection to Flood Risk Management: Insights from the Rhine River in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Water Resources Management 30, n. 8 (12 aprile 2016): 2785–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1323-9.

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Russ, H. J. "Reliability of sewer flow quality models - results of a North Rhine-Westphalian comparison". Water Science and Technology 39, n. 9 (1 maggio 1999): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0446.

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In North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany a project for the evaluation of sewer flow quantity and quality models was carried out with the aid of measured data in 1986 to 1991. Measurement projects in two real subcatchments in the cities of Solingen and Düsseldorf delivered the data for model calibration and verification. 10 models with different approaches for quantity and quality simulation took part in a relative and an absolute comparison. This report focuses on some selected results of the absolute comparison and discusses the reliability and accuracy of model application.

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Belov, Vladislav. "Landtag elections in Germany as an indicator of federal party and political trends". Analytical papers of the Institute of Europe RAS, n. 2 (2022): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/analytics21720224351.

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In March and May 2022, landtag elections were held in western German states of Saarland, Schleswig-Holstein and North Rhine-Westphalia, with results largely reflecting the developments at federal level: growing popularity of Union 90/Die Grünen, ongoing rivalry between SPD and CDU, FDP's fight for seats in regional parliaments and continuation of crisis processes in „Left“ and „Alternative for Germany“ parties. For the first time in election campaign of the two states, foreign policy played an important role, namely the factor of Ukraine. The author analyzes results of the elections and assesses their impact on federal party and political processes in Germany.

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Can Ayten, Asli, e Tatjana Atanasoska. "“Turkish is a Stepchild.” A Case Study of Language Policies in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany". Heritage Language Journal 17, n. 2 (1 settembre 2020): 156–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.17.2.3.

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Research on the language attitudes and ideologies of teachers engaged in Heritage Language Instruction (HLI) in Germany is scarce even though HLI has been implemented in German schools since the early 1970s. Our goal is to fill in a gap in this field of HL pedagogy and focus on teachers’ perspectives related to language policies. We examine the ways that HL teachers’ work is shaped by specific ideological discourses that lead to bias against using HLs in school and prejudices against their speakers. We focus only on Turkish as a HL spoken in Germany, but we present findings from our case study that could theoretically apply to other HLs in Germany. We find that both explicit and more covert discrimination affect teachers’ actions and professional identity as HL teachers and persistently disrupt HLI and communication of teachers and students.

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Bone, Christian, Matteo Rubinato, Bert Bosseler e Marco Schlüter. "Seeking Flood Risk-Minimization: How to Benefit from the Use/Availability of Heavy Rainfall-Risk Maps". Geosciences 13, n. 5 (5 maggio 2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13050134.

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The 2021 flooding events in The Netherlands, Belgium and Germany have sensitized many municipalities across Europe and especially in Germany, the federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and Rhineland-Palatinate, having been particularly affected, have formulated more extensive requirements for the municipalities to be able to manage these drastic situations. Flood risks and heavy rainfall maps are crucial instruments in this context because they serve as a basis for identifying risks and also for selecting suitable measures to minimize them and, in 2021, in Germany, the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) made available for the first time a state-wide, cross-municipal heavy rainfall information map for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, in which heavy rainfall and flooding risks are recognizable for every citizen. Therefore, municipalities that already had their own heavy rainfall maps had a comparative possibility of plausibility checks, while those that did not yet have their own heavy rainfall map, had the possibility to benefit from these resources. Especially in this second scenario, the municipalities and the wastewater utilities need reliable practical advice on how to classify the information from the maps regarding drainage consequences, and this paper aims to fill this void, summarizing the experience of the 80 municipalities represented in the KomNetAbwasser in dealing with heavy rainfall maps and discussing requirements for their informative value. Furthermore, measures for risk minimization and their prioritization are also proposed, focusing on risk identification, organizational tasks, action planning and implementation, analysis of the hazard maps, risk assessment and the selection of emergency measures.

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Bertling, Markus, Doris Döppes e Wilfried Rosendahl. "Everything is a question of time – age of important Quaternary palaeontological finds from Westphalia". Fossil Imprint 73, n. 3-4 (31 dicembre 2017): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2017-0023.

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Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was used to establish the age of three mammal specimens from the Quaternary of the Münsterland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The dated samples represent regionally important finds: The woolly mammoth from Ahlen with an age of 41 ka BP and the musk-ox from Herne with an age of 24 ka BP are typical representatives of the so-called mammoth steppe. The European Bison from Gladbeck with an age of 9.2 ka BP confirms the Early Holocene appearance of this species in Europe.

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Schröder, Winfried, Barbara Grabkowsky e Gunther Schmidt. "Aufschlüsselung statistischer Beziehungen zwischen dem Nadelverlust von Fichten und anderen Informationen dreier Forstmonitoring-Programme Nordrhein-Westfalens | Itemisation of statistical relationships between needle loss in spruce and other information from three forest monitoring programmes in North-Rhine Westphalia". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 158, n. 3-4 (1 aprile 2007): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2007.0050.

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The paper is an introduction to the statistical model of Classification and Regression Trees (CART) to evaluate forest monitoring data in Germany. The advantages of this method as opposed to cluster methods are identified and illustrated on the example of spruce stands in North-Rhine Westphalia. The results confirm that age, altitude above sea level, chest-high diameter measurements and humus type are closely related to the degree of needle occurrence in spruce,and they reveal a positive correlation between Si-levels and loss of needles.

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Grunow, Dieter. "Constitutional reform of local government in Germany: The case of North Rhine‐Westphalia (NRW)". Local Government Studies 18, n. 1 (marzo 1992): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003939208433614.

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Tomaso, Herbert, Peter Otto, Martin Peters, Jochen Süss, Axel Karger, Heinz Schamoni, Eric Zuchantke e Helmut Hotzel. "Francisella tularensis and other bacteria in hares and ticks in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)". Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 9, n. 2 (febbraio 2018): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.11.007.

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Melkonyan, Ani, e Wilhelm Kuttler. "Long-term analysis of NO, NO2 and O3 concentrations in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Atmospheric Environment 60 (dicembre 2012): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.048.

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Galatsch, Michael, Jian Li, Friederike zu Sayn-Wittgenstein e Wilfried Schnepp. "FAMILY CAREGIVER SATISFACTION WITH HOME-BASED PALLIATIVE CARE SERVICES IN NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA, GERMANY". Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 8, n. 4 (30 settembre 2017): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/cejnm.2017.08.0025.

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Lehman, Brittany. "West German-Moroccan Relations and Politics of Labour Migration, 1958–1972". Journal of Migration History 5, n. 1 (25 aprile 2019): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00501001.

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In 1962, the Federal Republic of Germany (frg) agreed to negotiate a guestworker agreement with Morocco in order to create guidelines for handling 4,000 so-called illegal Moroccan migrants, most of whom lived in North Rhine-Westphalia. Unlike other guestworker agreements, this one was not about recruitment, but rather it was designed to restrict migration from Morocco, legalise the stay of Moroccans already in the country, and establish guidelines for future deportations. Looking at the history of the West German-Moroccan Agreement from its start until its termination in 1973, this article provides a discussion of Moroccan labourers access to and legal status in West Germany, demonstrating how international and economic interests as well as cultural stereotypes of both Moroccans and Arabs shaped West German migration policies. In so doing, the article emphasises the West German federal and the North Rhine-Westphalian state governments’ different goals, revealing that the West German government was not a monolithic entity; it was in fact defined by multiple, sometimes contradictory, viewpoints and pressures.

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Christofzik, Désirée I., Niklas Isaak, Robin Jessen e Florian Kirsch. "Inflation und Zinsen: Wirkungen auf die kommunale Finanzlage in Nordrhein-Westfalen". Wirtschaftsdienst 104, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2024): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wd-2024-0018.

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Abstract Since 2022, inflation and interest rates in Germany have noticeably increased. We examine the impact of heightened inflation and interest rates on the financial balances of municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia. In our scenario analysis, we consider systematic differences between highly and less indebted municipalities. While there are positive effects on the revenue side that offset the higher costs on the expenditure side, such as some taxes being tied to nominal values, the analysis suggests that the overall effect on the financial balance is likely to be negative.

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Methner, Sarah, Gesa Maschkowski e Monika Hartmann. "The European School Fruit Scheme: impact on children’s fruit and vegetable consumption in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Public Health Nutrition 20, n. 3 (3 ottobre 2016): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002652.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of the European School Fruit Scheme (SFS) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on children’s fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, in particular frequency.DesignThe study consisted of a pre-test/post-test design with an intervention (eight primary schools) and a control group (two primary schools). Children’s F&V consumption frequency was measured prior to the introduction of the SFS in 2010 and after one year’s delivery of F&V (2011).SettingTen primary schools in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.SubjectsIn total, 499 primary-school children aged 6–11 years, 390 in the intervention and 109 in the control schools.ResultsChildren highly appreciated the SFS. More than 90 % evaluated the programme positively. Children in the intervention group showed a significant increase in F&V intake frequency from baseline to follow-up, from on average 1·26 (sd1·37) to 2·02 (sd1·33) times/d (P=0·000). The intervention variable had a highly significant impact on children’s F&V consumption frequency, even after controlling for gender, age and stay at school for lunch (β=0·773; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·96). The SFS did not induce a reduction of F&V consumption at home. In the control group a non-significant decline in F&V consumption frequency from 1·31 (sd1·26) to 1·18 (sd1·34) times/d (P=0·325) was observed.ConclusionOne year after the programme’s implementation, the SFS led to a significant short-term increase in children’s F&V consumption.

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Wendland, Frank, Sabine Bergmann, Michael Eisele, Horst Gömann, Frank Herrmann, Peter Kreins e Ralf Kunkel. "Model-Based Analysis of Nitrate Concentration in the Leachate—The North Rhine-Westfalia Case Study, Germany". Water 12, n. 2 (15 febbraio 2020): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020550.

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Reaching the EU quality standard for nitrate (50 mg NO3/L) in all groundwater bodies is a challenge in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westfalia (Germany). In the research project GROWA+ NRW 2021 initiated by the Federal States’ Ministry for Environment, Agriculture, Nature and Consumer Protection, amongst other aspects, a model-based analysis of agricultural nitrogen inputs into groundwater and nitrate concentration in the leachate was carried out. For this purpose, the water balance model mGROWA, the agro-economic model RAUMIS, and the reactive N transport model DENUZ were coupled and applied consistently across the whole territory of North Rhine-Westfalia with a spatial resolution of 100 m × 100 m. Besides agricultural N emissions, N emissions from small sewage plants, urban systems, and NOx deposition were also included in the model analysis. The comparisons of the modelled nitrate concentrations in the leachate of different land use influences with observed nitrate concentrations in groundwater were shown to have a good correspondence with regard to the concentration levels across all regions and different land-uses in North Rhine-Westphalia. On the level of ground water bodies (according to EU ground water directive) N emissions exclusively from agriculture led to failure of the good chemical state. This result will support the selection and the adequate dimensioning of regionally adapted agricultural N reduction measures.

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Bergmann, Felicitas, Dagmar S. Trachsel, Sabita D. Stoeckle, Joke Bernis Sierra, Stephan Lübke, Martin H. Groschup, Heidrun Gehlen e Ute Ziegler. "Seroepidemiological Survey of West Nile Virus Infections in Horses from Berlin/Brandenburg and North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Viruses 14, n. 2 (25 gennaio 2022): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020243.

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Following the introduction of the West Nile virus (WNV) into eastern Germany in 2018, increasing infections have been diagnosed in birds, equines, and humans over time, while the spread of WNV into western Germany remained unclear. We screened 437 equine sera from 2018 to 2020, excluding vaccinated horses, collected from convenience sampled patients in the eastern and western parts of Germany, for WNV-specific antibodies (ELISAs followed by virus/specific neutralization tests) and genomes (RT-qPCRs). Clinical presentations, final diagnoses, and demographic data were also recorded. In the eastern part, a total of eight horses were found WNV seropositive in 2019 (seroprevalence of 8.16%) and 27 in 2020 (13.77%). There were also two clinically unsuspected horses with WNV-specific antibodies in the western part from 2020 (2.63%), albeit travel history-related infections could not be excluded. None of the horse sera contained WNV-specific genomes. Eight horses in eastern Germany carried WNV-IgM antibodies, but only four of these showed typical clinical signs. These results underline the difficulty of detecting a WNV infection in a horse solely based on clinical signs. Thus, WNV circulation is established in the horse population in eastern Germany, but not yet in the western part.

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Engels, Farin. "Mehrsprachigkeit in der Bildung in Deutschland – eine Diskursanalyse". Interlitteraria 26, n. 1 (31 agosto 2021): 198–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2021.26.1.14.

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Multilingualism in Education in Germany – a Discourse Analysis. In the Republic of Germany, language acquisition for children with a mother tongue other than German has been a widely discussed topic in education science as well as in public and political discourse over the last decades. Annual studies on preschool and primary education point to the ongoing disadvantage – or even discrimination – suffered by multilingual children in the German education system. Given Germany’s history as a country of immigration, and in light of recent public discussions on the increased immigration of refugees, the question of the problematic’s socio-political background arises. This leads to the issue of linguistic concepts among society and their influence on domestic language policies. This article presents analysis of discourse around languagepolitical concepts and practices among stakeholders in language promotion in the state of North-Rhine Westphalia. Five semi-structured interviews with state employees were analysed following a discourse analytical approach. The analysis, deploying frameworks from the field of Critical Discourse Analysis, focused on the discursive practice of legitimation in the evaluation of multilingualism. Multilingualism as a phenomenon in society appeared to be evaluated according to differing standards (for example correctness or properness) depending on the language. As for evaluation, the analysis indicated an additional dimension in discourse which assigns different groups of speakers a belonging to particular languages. All in all, the collected data pointed to a diverse and ever-changing discourse in the field of language promotion in North-Rhine Westphalia. The presented analysis aims to stimulate a debate and suggests some directions for future research.

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Makles, Anna, e Kerstin Schneider. "Much Ado about Nothing? The Role of Primary School Catchment Areas For Ethnic School Segregation: Evidence From a Policy Reform". German Economic Review 16, n. 2 (1 maggio 2015): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12048.

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Abstract By the 2008/09 school year the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) abolished binding school catchment areas in all municipalities. The reform has been controversial and it was feared that school choice would increase ethnic segregation. Using data on all primary schools we contribute to this debate by analyzing ethnic segregation before and after the reform. We discuss drawbacks of commonly used segregation indices and their interpretation as well as causality issues. Although there is an increase in segregation over the time period studied, our results show that segregation has not been affected by the policy reform.

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Wilhelm, Alexander, Jens Schoth, Christina Meinert-Berning, Shelesh Agrawal, Daniel Bastian, Laura Orschler, Sandra Ciesek et al. "Wastewater surveillance allows early detection of SARS-CoV-2 omicron in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany". Science of The Total Environment 846 (novembre 2022): 157375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157375.

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Buchholz, Sascha, e Martin Kreuels. "Diversity and distribution of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in dry ecosystems of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)". Arachnologische Mitteilungen 38 (28 dicembre 2009): 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5431/aramit3803.

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HAMATANI, Kana. "Strategies for Closing the Educational Achievement Gap in Germany: The Case of North Rhine-Westphalia". Comparative Education 2017, n. 54 (2017): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5998/jces.2017.54_147.

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Golka, Klaus, Katja Ickstadt, Silvia Selinski, Jan G. Hengstler e Michael Wilhelm. "Second Symposium on Interdisciplinary Activities in Environmental Toxicology in North Rhine–Westphalia, Germany: Part Two". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 75, n. 19-20 (20 settembre 2012): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2012.707601.

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Schülter, Eugen, Mark Oette, Melanie Balduin, Stefan Reuter, Jürgen Rockstroh, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Stefan Esser et al. "HIV prevalence and route of transmission in Turkish immigrants living in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany". Medical Microbiology and Immunology 200, n. 4 (2 aprile 2011): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00430-011-0193-2.

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Wilhelm, Michael, Georg Eberwein, Jürgen Hölzer, Dieter Gladtke, Jürgen Angerer, Boleslaw Marczynski, Heidrun Behrendt, Johannes Ring, Dorothee Sugiri e Ulrich Ranft. "Influence of industrial sources on children's health – Hot spot studies in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany". International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 210, n. 5 (ottobre 2007): 591–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.02.007.

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