Bibliografie tematiche / Nonculturability

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Nonculturability"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 12 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Nonculturability"

McDougald, Diane, Scott A. Rice, Dieter Weichart e Staffan Kjelleberg. "Nonculturability: adaptation or debilitation?" FEMS Microbiology Ecology 25, n. 1 (gennaio 1998): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1998.tb00455.x.

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Ganesan, Balasubramanian, Mark R. Stuart e Bart C. Weimer. "Carbohydrate Starvation Causes a Metabolically Active but Nonculturable State in Lactococcus lactis†". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, n. 8 (9 febbraio 2007): 2498–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01832-06.

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ABSTRACT This study characterized the ability of lactococci to become nonculturable under carbohydrate starvation while maintaining metabolic activity. We determined the changes in physiological parameters and extracellular substrate levels of multiple lactococcal strains under a number of environmental conditions along with whole-genome expression profiles. Three distinct phases were observed, logarithmic growth, sugar exhaustion, and nonculturability. Shortly after carbohydrate starvation, each lactococcal strain lost the ability to form colonies on solid media but maintained an intact cell membrane and metabolic activity for over 3.5 years. ML3, a strain that metabolized lactose rapidly, reached nonculturability within 1 week. Strains that metabolized lactose slowly (SK11) or not at all (IL1403) required 1 to 3 months to become nonculturable. In all cases, the cells contained at least 100 pM of intracellular ATP after 6 months of starvation and remained at that level for the remainder of the study. Aminopeptidase and lipase/esterase activities decreased below detection limits during the nonculturable phase. During sugar exhaustion and entry into nonculturability, serine and methionine were produced, while glutamine and arginine were depleted from the medium. The cells retained the ability to transport amino acids via proton motive force and peptides via ATP-driven translocation. The addition of branched-chain amino acids to the culture medium resulted in increased intracellular ATP levels and new metabolic products, indicating that branched-chain amino acid catabolism resulted in energy and metabolic products to support survival during starvation. Gene expression analysis showed that the genes responsible for sugar metabolism were repressed as the cells entered nonculturability. The genes responsible for cell division were repressed, while autolysis and cell wall metabolism genes were induced neither at starvation nor during nonculturability. Taken together, these observations verify that carbohydrate-starved lactococci attain a nonculturable state wherein sugar metabolism, cell division, and autolysis are repressed, allowing the cells to maintain transcription, metabolic activity, and energy production during a state that produces new metabolites not associated with logarithmic growth.

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Ganesan, Balasubramanian, Piotr Dobrowolski e Bart C. Weimer. "Identification of the Leucine-to-2-Methylbutyric Acid Catabolic Pathway of Lactococcus lactis". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, n. 6 (giugno 2006): 4264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00448-06.

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ABSTRACT Nutrient starvation and nonculturability in bacteria lead to changes in metabolism not found during the logarithmic phase. Substrates alternate to those used during growth are metabolized in these physiological states, yielding secondary metabolites. In firmicutes and actinobacteria, amino acid catabolic pathways are induced during starvation and nonculturability. Examination of lactococci showed that the population entered a nonculturable state after carbohydrate depletion and was incapable of growth on solid media; however, the cells gained the ability to produce branched-chain fatty acids from amino acids. Gene expression profiling and in silico pathway analysis coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to delineate the leucine catabolic pathway. Lactococci produced acetic and propionic acid during logarithmic growth and starvation. At the onset of nonculturability, 2-methylbutyric acid was produced via hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (CoA) and acetyl-CoA, along with ATP and oxidation/reduction precursors. Gene expression profiling and genome sequence analysis showed that lactococci contained redundant genes for branched-chain fatty acid production that were regulated by an unknown mechanism linked to carbon metabolism. This work demonstrated the ability of a firmicute to induce new metabolic capabilities in the nonculturable state for producing energy and intermediates needed for transcription and translation. Phylogenetic analyses showed that homologues of these enzymes and their functional motifs were widespread across the domains of life.

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Kassem, Issmat I., Yosra A. Helmy, Dipak Kathayat, Rosario A. Candelero-Rueda, Anand Kumar, Loic Deblais, Huang-Chi Huang, Orhan Sahin, Qijing Zhang e Gireesh Rajashekara. "Nonculturability Might Underestimate the Occurrence ofCampylobacterin Broiler Litter". Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 14, n. 8 (agosto 2017): 472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2017.2279.

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Salina, Elena, Olga Ryabova, Arseny Kaprelyants e Vadim Makarov. "New 2-Thiopyridines as Potential Candidates for Killing both Actively Growing and Dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cells". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, n. 1 (14 ottobre 2013): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01308-13.

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ABSTRACTFromin vivoobservations, a majority ofM. tuberculosiscells in latently infected individuals are in a dormant and probably nonculturable state, display little metabolic activity, and are phenotypically resistant to antibiotics. Despite many attempts, no specific antimicrobials effective against latent tuberculosis have yet been found, partly because of a lack of reliable and adequatein vitromodels for screening of drug candidates. We propose here a novelin vitromodel ofM. tuberculosisdormancy that meets the important criteria of latency, namely, nonculturability of cells, considerable reduction of metabolic activity, and significant phenotypic resistance to the first-line antibiotics rifampin and isoniazid. Using this model, we found a new group of 2-thiopyridine derivatives that had potent antibacterial activity against both actively growing and dormantM. tuberculosiscells. By means of the model ofM. tuberculosisnonculturability, several new 2-thiopyridine derivatives were found to have potent antitubercular activity. The compounds are effective against both active and dormantM. tuberculosiscells. The bactericidal effects of compounds against dormantM. tuberculosiswas confirmed by using three differentin vitromodels of tuberculosis dormancy. The model of nonculturability could be used as a reliable tool for screening drug candidates, and 2-thiopyridine derivatives may be regarded as prominent compounds for further development of new drugs for curing latentM. tuberculosisinfection.

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Abdullaeva, A. M., L. P. Blinkova e Yu D. Pakhomov. "SIGNIFICANCE OF VIABLE BUT NONCULTURABLE BACTERIA FOR SAFETY OF FOOD PRODUCTS". Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, n. 2 (2019): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.201902012.

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In this review data on hazardous influence of nonculturable cells of pathogens on humans and animals, of contamination of foodstuffs is presented and also attention is stressed on properties of such cells and their effect through foodstuffs on humans and animals. Main hypothesis of formation and resuscitation of viable but nonculturable cells are elucidated. Factors that influence shifting bacteria to nonculturability and their conversion into active state are discussed. The conclusion is drawn about biohazard of viable nonculturable cells and insufficient data about their physiology and mechanisms of transition into this state and resuscitation back.

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Oliver, James D., Diane McDougald, Tanya Barrett, L. Anne Glover e James I. Prosser. "Effect of temperature and plasmid carriage on nonculturability in organisms targeted for release". FEMS Microbiology Ecology 17, n. 4 (agosto 1995): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00147.x.

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Liu, Feng, e Shaojun Pang. "Nonculturability of the pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in live culture of Grateloupia turuturu is associated with bacterial attachment to the algal thalli". Acta Oceanologica Sinica 29, n. 6 (novembre 2010): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13131-010-0080-5.

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Amor, Kaouther Ben, Pieter Breeuwer, Patrick Verbaarschot, Frank M. Rombouts, Antoon D. L. Akkermans, Willem M. De Vos e Tjakko Abee. "Multiparametric Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting for the Assessment of Viable, Injured, and Dead Bifidobacterium Cells during Bile Salt Stress". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, n. 11 (novembre 2002): 5209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.11.5209-5216.2002.

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ABSTRACT Using a flow cytometry-based approach, we assessed the viability of Bifidobacterium lactis DSM 10140 and Bifidobacterium adolescentis DSM 20083 during exposure to bile salt stress. Carboxyfluorescein diacetate (cFDA), propidium iodide (PI), and oxonol [DiBAC4(3)] were used to monitor esterase activity, membrane integrity, and membrane potential, respectively, as indicators of bacterial viability. Single staining with these probes rapidly and noticeably reflected the behavior of the two strains during stress exposure. However, the flow cytometry results tended to overestimate the viability of the two strains compared to plate counts, which appeared to be related to the nonculturability of a fraction of the population as a result of sublethal injury caused by bile salts. When the cells were simultaneously stained with cFDA and PI, flow cytometry and cell sorting revealed a striking physiological heterogeneity within the stressed bifidobacterium population. Three subpopulations could be identified based on their differential uptake of the probes: cF-stained, cF and PI double-stained, and PI-stained subpopulations, representing viable, injured, and dead cells, respectively. Following sorting and recovery, a significant fraction of the double-stained subpopulation (40%) could resume growth on agar plates. Our results show that in situ assessment of the physiological activity of stressed bifidobacteria using multiparameter flow cytometry and cell sorting may provide a powerful and sensitive tool for assessment of the viability and stability of probiotics.

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Archer, D. L., e F. E. Young. "Contemporary issues: diseases with a food vector." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 1, n. 4 (ottobre 1988): 377–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.1.4.377.

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Foodborne disease has become a contemporary issue. Several large, well-publicized outbreaks of foodborne disease have heightened public awareness that harmful microorganisms may be present in food and that chronic as well as acute disease may be caused by foodborne microbes. The field of food microbiology has likewise experienced a resurgence of interest. New tools, such as recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid technology and monoclonal antibody production, used to elucidate microbial virulence factors have facilitated identification of disease-causing microbes once thought to be harmless and demonstrated the complexity of individual virulence mechanisms previously considered to be well understood. Foodborne pathogens are also causing disease via some surprising food vectors, such as chopped, bottled garlic and sauteed onions. In addition to acute gastrointestinal disturbances, certain microorganisms may, through complex interactions with the human immune response, cause chronic diseases that affect several major organ systems. These microbes are serving as models in studies of molecular mimicry and genetic interrelatedness of procaryotes and eucaryotes. Other recently recognized attributes of foodborne microorganisms, such as the heat shock phenomenon and the possible nonculturability of some bacteria, may affect their ability to cause disease in humans. Because foodborne disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, the study of these diseases and their causative microorganisms presents a unique challenge to many professionals in the subdisciplines of microbiology, epidemiology, and clinical medicine.

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Tesi sul tema "Nonculturability"

Lawley, Sarah. "The phenomenon of nonculturability in the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414803.

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McDougald, S. Diane School of Microbiology &amp Immunology UNSW. "Regulation of starvation and nonculturability in the marine pathogen, Vibrio vulnificus". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Microbiology and Immunology, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19118.

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Vibrio vulnificus is a model environmental organism exhibiting a classical starvation response during nutrient limitation as well as a non-culturable state when exposed to low temperatures. In addition to these classic global responses, this organism is an opportunistic pathogen that exhibits numerous virulence factors. This organism was chosen as the model organism for the identification of regulators of the viable but nonculturable response (VBNC) and the starvation-induced maintenance of culturability (SIMC) that occurs when cells are starved prior to low temperature incubation. In order to accomplish this, three indirect approaches were used; proteomics, investigation of intercellular signalling pathways and genetic analysis of regulators involved in these responses. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to identify proteins expressed under conditions that induced SIMC. It was determined that carbon and long-term phosphorus starvation were important in the SIMC response. V. vulnificus was shown to possess genes, luxS and smcR, that are homologues of genes involved in signalling system system 2 in Vibrio harveyi. Signal molecules were produced upon starvation and the entry to stationary phase in V. vulnificus. Furthermore, a null mutation in smcR, a transcriptional regulator was shown to have pleiotropic effects in V. vulnificus, including up-regulation of numerous virulence factors and a defect in starvation survival and development of the SIMC response. We propose that V. vulnificus possesses a signalling system analogous to that of system 2 in V. harveyi, and that this system is involved in the regulation of stationary phase and starvation adaptation in this organism.

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McDougald, S. Diane. "Regulation of starvation and nonculturability in the marine pathogen, Vibrio vulnificus /". 2000. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20030926.134228/index.html.

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