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1
Ouladj, Maamar. "Optimisations des attaques par canaux cachés". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA080019.
Abstract (sommario):
L’ère numérique d’aujourd’hui relie tous les objets entre eux grâce à l’Internet des objets (IoT). Cela conduit à une omniprésence des systèmes embarqués, qui sont dotés de protocoles cryptographiques. Néanmoins, les implémentations de ces protocoles, entraînent des fuites d’informations sensibles pendant leur exécution. Les attaques par canaux auxiliaires (SCA) est un domaine dont l’objectif est l’analyse de ces fuites d’informations, afin de récupérer les paramètres secrets des protocoles.En fonction des habilités de l’adversaire, l’attaque optimale est soit l’analyse par corrélation de la consommation (CPA), Analyse par information mutuelle (MIA), Analyse par Régression Linéaire (LRA) ou les attaques Template (TA). Une première contribution de cette thèse est l’introduction d’une nouvelle stratégie pour améliorer le taux de succès de la CPA à messages choisis.Au lieu de mener une SCA directement sur les traces brutes, on peut la mener en utilisant les traces regroupées par la valeur du message et moyennées. En utilisant cette approche dite par coalescence, on peut réduire considérablement la complexité des SCA. Cela est asymptotiquement sans perte d’efficacité.En utilisant la Transformée de Walsh-Hadamard, on peut accélérer la CPA d’une complexité quadratique à une complexité quasi-linéaire, sous certaines conditions. Dans cette thèse, nous généralisons d’abord l’utilisation de cette approche spectrale dans la CPA. Par la suite, en utilisant à la fois le principe de coalescence, l’approche spectrale et d’autres optimisations, nous fournissons plusieurs améliorations de la complexité d’implémentation des attaques CPA, LRA et TAToday’s digital era connects everything in between through the Internet of Things (IoT). That leads to an omnipresence of embedded systems endowed with cryptographic protocols. Nevertheless, cryptographic protocol implementations leak sensitive information during their execution. The field of Side-channel attacks (SCA) aims to analyze this leaked information, in order to recover the secret parameters of the protocols.As stated in the SCA literature, according to the adversary abilities (knowing or not the leakage model of the device, having or not a copy of this target device . . . ) the optimal attack is either the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA), Mutual Information Analysis (MIA), Linear regression Analysis (LRA) or the Template attacks (TA). A first contribution of this thesis is the introduction of a new chosen message strategy to improve the CPA success rate.Instead of carrying out an SCA straightforwardly on the rough traces, one can carry it out using the averaged leakage per message value. Using this coalescence one can reduce significantly the SCAs’ complexities, while these attacks with and without coalescence are asymptotically equivalent (which is proven in the current thesis, for the first time).Using the Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT), one can speed up the correlation power analysis (CPA) from a quadratic to a quasi-linear complexity, under certain conditions. In this thesis we first generalize the use of this spectral approach for any situation. Consequently, using both of the coalescence principal, the spectral approach, and others optimizations, we provide several improvements of the implementation complexity in both of CPA, LRA and the Template attacks
2
Bartels, Myriam. "Untersuchung molekularer Mechanismen der NF-kB/NRF- [NF-Kappa-B-NRF-] (NF-kB-reprimierender-Faktor)-Interaktion [(NF-Kappa-B-reprimierender-Faktor)-Interaktion] und ihre Rolle bei der Transkriptionsregulation". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983762392.
3
Asensio, Javier. "Pirólisis térmica y catalítica de la nicotina y NNK y NNN, dos nitrosaminas específicas del tabaco". Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/113921.
Abstract (sommario):
El carácter adictivo del tabaco se debe fundamentalmente a la nicotina, mientras que su toxicidad se debe a una serie de sustancias tales como el monóxido de carbono, 1,3-butadieno, hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos (PAH) y las nitrosaminas específicas del tabaco (TSNAs), entre otros. La reducción de la toxicidad del humo del tabaco a través de la reducción de la emisión de los productos más problemáticos o la modificación de su composición en conjunto resultan alternativas muy interesantes, mientras se consigue la eliminación de este hábito. Se han localizado trabajos en la literatura encaminados a este fin. Con este objetivo, nuestro grupo de investigación lleva más de quince años estudiando el efecto que ciertos materiales micro y mesoporosos mezclados con el tabaco producen sobre la composición del humo obtenido en el proceso de fumado. En este sentido, en los últimos años se ha puesto de manifiesto la eficacia que presentan algunos silicatos mesoporosos, tales como SBA-15 y MCM-41 en la reducción de los alquitranes y la mayoría de los compuestos presentes en el humo del tabaco. Es por ello que se ha considerado que conocer el comportamiento de determinados compuestos específicos presentes en el humo de tabaco, como son la nicotina y dos nitrosaminas específicas del tabaco (NNK y NNN), los productos que se generan en su pirólisis y combustión, así como el efecto de los materiales mesoporosos mencionados en los procesos que tienen lugar durante el fumado del tabaco, sería de gran interés, y permitiría ayudar a diseñar productos de toxicidad reducida y menor carácter adictivo. A este respecto se han localizado muy escasos artículos en la bibliografía. Por todo ello, en el presente trabajo se aborda esta problemática y se plantea el estudio de la pirólisis de las dos nitrosaminas específicas del tabaco más cancerígenas, como son la 4-(N-metilnitrosoamino)-1-(3-piridinil)-butanona (NNK) y la N-nitrosonornicotina (NNN) mediante dos técnicas, TGA/FTIR y EGA/PY-GC/MS que son capaces de realizar experimentos a las velocidades de calefacción tan dispares que se dan en el proceso de fumado y tanto atmósfera inerte como atmósfera oxidante. También se estudia el comportamiento de la nicotina en EGA/PY-GC/MS, con objeto de completar el ya realizado por nuestro grupo de investigación la técnica de TGA/FTIR. Se estudia el efecto que producen tres silicatos mesoporosos (dos SBA-15 y un MCM-41) que presentan propiedades texturales y morfológicas diferentes, en la pirólisis catalítica de los tres compuestos anteriormente mencionados. Además, se analiza el efecto de la temperatura y la atmósfera (inerte y oxidante), en la degradación de la nicotina y las dos nitrosaminas mencionadas, y en la composición de los gases generados tras su descomposición. Se ha comprobado que en atmósfera oxidante los procesos de descomposición suceden a temperaturas más bajas, siendo especialmente notable este efecto en el caso de la nicotina. Así mismo, la presencia de los tres catalizadores favorece los procesos de descomposición de estos compuestos en ambas atmósferas, modifican la distribución de productos y favorecen la formación de residuo carbonoso. Los principales productos de descomposición de la nicotina en atmósfera inerte son la 3-etil-piridina, la miosmina y, especialmente la 3-vinilpiridina, que aumentan su contribución al aumentar la temperatura. Algunos compuestos como la miosmina presentan un máximo en su evolución, lo que indica que experimentan procesos de craqueo. En atmósfera oxidante se produce un cambio muy significativo en la distribución de productos, además de la mayor reactividad ya mencionada. Los productos mayoritarios pasan a ser la 3-cianopiridina, la nicotirina, la miosmina, el dióxido de carbono y el agua. La 3-cianopiridina y la 3-hidroxipiridina, muestran una tendencia creciente con la temperatura, mientras que el resto de los compuestos presentan evidencias de reacciones secundarias, poniendo de manifiesto que la presencia de oxígeno en el medio favorece las reacciones de descomposición de la nicotina y de muchos de los productos generados. La nicotina genera cianuro de hidrógeno en ambas atmósferas. Los tres catalizadores estudiados aceleran el proceso de descomposición de la nicotina y conducen a una mayor formación de residuo carbonoso, siendo el MCM-41 el material que ocasiona un mayor efecto, probablemente debido a su mayor superficie específica y buena accesibilidad de su porosidad debida a su morfología (aunque presente un menor tamaño de poro que los otros catalizadores). En atmósfera inerte la presencia de SBA-15f (SBA-15 fibras), apenas modifica el comportamiento de la nicotina, mientras que tanto MCM-41 como SBA-15p (SBA-15 platelet) se reduce la formación de algunos compuestos como la 3-vinilpiridina, incrementándose la formación de otros como quinolina e isoquinolina. En atmósfera oxidante los cambios son más significativos, ya que todos los catalizadores favorecen las reacciones de oxidación y descarboxilación, incrementando la generación de dióxido de carbono y disminuyendo la formación de agua, especialmente MCM-41 y SBA15p. MCM-41 reduce notablemente la formación de 3-cianopiridina y de nicotirina al aumentar la temperatura, a diferencia de lo observado en la nicotina, tanto sola como en presencia de los dos SBA-15. Ambas nitrosaminas han presentado unos resultados en la línea de los comentados para la nicotina. Se ha observado que la degradación completa de ambos compuestos sucede a temperaturas ligeramente inferiores para atmósfera oxidante, y presenta variaciones en la composición de los gases generados. Se ha podido comprobar cómo, de los tres materiales estudiados, el MCM-41 es el que provoca mayor modificación de la degradación térmica de ambas nitrosaminas, favoreciendo la generación de residuo en atmósfera inerte. En cuanto a la composición de los productos generados tras la pirólisis de NNK, ambos SBA-15 han mostrado una modificación clara de la distribución de los mismos. También se ha podido observar como en el caso de la NNN, algunos de sus productos de descomposición reducen su contribución a máxima temperatura, observándose tendencias decrecientes y algún máximo en función de la temperatura. Por otro lado, los resultados de termogravimetría para ambas nitrosaminas se han ajustado a un sencillo modelo cinético que permite estimar las áreas de cada uno de los procesos de pérdida de peso observados, pudiéndose realizar de esta forma un análisis más claro del efecto de los catalizadores utilizados basado en las distintas fracciones asociadas a cada uno de los procesos. El caso de la NNK presenta tres procesos de pérdida de peso a 194, 299 y 368 ºC en atmósfera inerte y tres procesos a 208, 299 y 648 ºC en atmósfera oxidante, siendo el principal el que tiene lugar a 299 ºC con un 81.8 y 66.4 % de contribución relativa para atmósfera inerte y oxidante, respectivamente. La NNN ha mostrado dos procesos de pérdida de peso, a 190 y 218 ºC en atmósfera inerte y a 180 y 207 ºC en oxidante. Los tres materiales mesoporosos estudiados han mostrado, para ambas nitrosaminas, modificaciones en la temperatura e intensidad de los procesos observados. Este efecto se hace más notable en aire donde se observa un nuevo proceso térmico a altas temperaturas, siendo especialmente notable este efecto con MCM-41. El experimento con este material para la NNK ha presentado cuatro procesos de pérdida de peso a 197, 232, 281, 414 ºC para atmósfera inerte y oxidante, variando la contribución relativa entre ellos. En el caso de la NNN, el experimento con MCM-41 ha mostrado tres procesos a 190, 218 y 260 ºC para atmósfera inerte y a 180, 207 y a 610 ºC en atmósfera oxidante. Para ambas nitrosaminas en atmósfera oxidante, los gases analizados para los tres materiales han mostrado un aumento considerable (principalmente por el MCM-41) de las bandas de CO2 y CO a temperaturas elevadas, respecto al experimento sin catalizador. Este aumento se ha debido a la degradación oxidativa del residuo carbonoso generado.
4
Khadrah, S. "NNS/NNS interaction during task-based synchronous computer-mediated communication". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508026.
5
Landh, Evelina. "Musik + NPF = Sant : Musiklärares arbete med elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar (NPF)". Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-3886.
Abstract (sommario):
Studien syftar till att bidra med ökad förståelse om musiklärares arbete med elever med NPF (neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning) i den ordinarie undervisningen. Jag har sökt finna både musiklärares arbetssätt och uppfattningar kring elever med NPF. Studien utgår från ett relationellt perspektiv. Jag har genomfört fyra kvalitativa intervjuer med musiklärare som arbetar på grundskolan samt en som jobbar på ett särgymnasium. Resultatet visade på en mängd arbetssätt och uppfattningar så som vikten av: anpassningar i miljön, struktur, samarbete med andra lärare, följa elevernas intresse och fysiska hjälpmedel. Resultatet visade också på vikten av att göra anpassningar som kommer alla till gagn. I slutsatsen tar jag bland annat upp att genom ordnad miljö, struktur, fysiska hjälpmedel, samverkan, flexibilitet, och adekvata lokaler och gruppstorlekar går det att möta elever med NPF på ett framgångsrikt sätt i musik i den ordinarie undervisningen.This thesis aims to contribute to an increased understanding of music teachers' work with students with special needs, such as ADHD and autism, (called NPF) in the ordinary school in Sweden. I have tried to find both music teachers' working methods and their perceptions about students with NPF. The study is based on a relational perspective. I have done four qualitative interviews with music teachers who work in the primary school and one teacher that works in a special high school. The results showed a variety of working methods and perceptions, such as the importance of: adjustments and changes in the environment, structure, collaboration with other teachers, following students' interests and physical tools. The results also showed the importance of making adjustments that benefit every student. In the conclusion I mention that through an orderly environment, structure, physical tools, collaboration, flexibility, and adequate premises and group sizes, it is possible to meet all students needs successfully in music in the regular school.
6
Iwashita, Noriko. "Comprehensible output in NNS-NNS interaction in Japanese as a foreign language". Connect to thesis, 1993. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1523.
Abstract (sommario):
This study is a partial replication of Pica et al’s study (1989) of comprehensible output, and investigates comprehensible output in NNS-NNS interaction in Japanese as a Foreign Language. Data were collected using two different types of tasks (information gap and jigsaw tasks) in three sub-groups of different proficiency levels (High-High, Low-Low, and High-Low) in order to find out (1) to what extent the tasks provide opportunities for learners to modify their initial output in response to requests for clarification and confirmation, and (2) the extent to which learners actually modify their output in response to interlocutor requests.The results show that comprehensible output is an important phenomenon in NNS-NNS interaction. Unlike the result of Pica et al, task types had more effect on opportunities for comprehensible output and actual production of comprehensible output than request types. Not much difference was found among different proficiency groups.
7
Harfouche, Joyce. "Nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse de ligands NN, NNO, et nos chiraux : utilisation en catalyse asymétrique homogène pour la réduction de cétones". Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10147.
Abstract (sommario):
L'objectif de la thèse a consisté à mettre au point une méthodologie de synthèse simple et efficace de ligands diamines, de diaminoalcools, d'aminothiols et d'aminothiophénols chiraux. Les diamines et diaminoalcools ont été synthétisés par des méthodes de couplage peptidique. Nous avons ensuite optimisé l'ouverture régiosélective et stéréospécifique du S-thiiranyltrityléther par la benzylamine que nous avons étendue à d'autres amines afin d'obtenir une famille d'aminothiols chiraux. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons synthétisé des aminothiophénols à partir de l'acide thiosalycilique à l'aide de deux voies de synthèse différentes. Ces ligands ont été testés pour la réduction de cétones aromatiques par hydrogénation ou par transfert d'hydrure. Une étude spécifique effectuée avec le benzoylformate de méthyle a été réalisée, mettant à jour la transformation de ce substrat en mandélate d'isopropyle grâce au tert-butylate de potassium
8
Faiglová, Veronika. "Posouzení faktorů úspěšnosti NNO". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10632.
Abstract (sommario):
The aim of this work is the processing and evaluation of information gained from the questionnaire survey, which took place within the University research. The work is focused on factors that influence the success of NGOs in particular in the areas of activities of organizations and their financing. NGOs are first grouped according to age, geographical scope and legal status. It is also being considered with a vision and mission of their short-term and long-term goals. Another chapter examines the importance of volunteers and their application in different areas of operation. Here is an analysis of the internal control situation, the quality of services and use of information systems. The last task is focused on the allocation of financial resources and evaluation of NGO work with the financial plans.
9
Brigle, Kevin Eugene. "Studies on the structure and function of various nif and nif- associated gene products encoded within the Azotobacter vinelandii nif gene cluster". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54498.
Abstract (sommario):
The present study investigates the structural and functional roles of the metalloclusters present within the MoFe protein of nitrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii. A gene replacement strategy was developed for oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of these proteins and the resulting biological and biochemical effects of these changes were examined. Identification of structurally important regions in the MoFe protein subunits and assignment of specific amino acid residues as potential metal cluster ligands were based upon several criteria: i. metallocluster extrusion requirements; spectroscopic properties of the MoFe protein; interspecies and intersubunit comparisons; iv. comparison of the MoFe protein subunit sequences to iron-molybdenum cofactor biosynthetic gene products. This mutagenesis strategy has permitted the construction of thirty-three mutant strains having specific amino acid substitutions within the MoFe protein subunits. Based on the diazotrophic growth characteristics and substrate reduction capabilities of these mutant strains, a model is presented in which potential metallocluster binding sites within the MoFe protein subunits are defined. In addition to analysis of the MoFe protein subunits, this site-directed mutagenesis and gene replacement strategy can be used to place specific mutations into any gene product encoded within the A. vinelandii nif gene cluster.
Finally, nucleotide sequence analysis of the regions flanking the nifEN genes revealed the presence of three nif genes (nifT, nifY, and nifX) and four open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2, ORF3, and ORF4). Two of these genes, nifX and ORF3, were shown to be under nif control and synthesis of their products elevated in response to a demand for fixed nitrogen. Mutant strains with deletions in ORF3 appeared to accumulate an excess amount of MoFe protein when compared to wild type. The ORF3 gene product has been overproduced in E. coli. This provides an important step toward characterizing the protein and elucidating the molecular basis for its control of nifDK gene expression.Ph. D.
10
Simsa, Ruth. "Repression of the Spanish Protest Movement - Mechanisms and Consequences". De Gruyter, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npf-2017-0022.
Abstract (sommario):
Based on longitudinal qualitative research, the paper analyses manifestations
and mechanisms of the repression of activists of the Spanish protest
movement 15M, and effects of this repression perceived by activists. To contextualize
this, the background of the movement, its goals, and its achievements
are described. The movement started in 2011, protesting the social crisis, the
consequences of austerity policies, and corruption. It had viable effects on the
framing of the current situation, in political attitudes and also, indirectly, on the
political system. The Spanish government has responded to movement activities
with repression and with new laws that interviewees characterize as a further
restriction of the civil right to demonstrate and protest. Findings indicate that
the combination of overt and covert repression have effects far beyond the
manifest acts of the repression itself.
11
Meyer, Michael. "Forfeiting Democracy: The Case of Hungary". De Gruyter, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npf-2016-0018.
12
Ivanova, Ekaterina, e Michaela Neumayr. "The Multi-Functionality of Professional and Business Associations in a Transitional Context: Empirical Evidence from Russia". De Gruyter, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npf-2016-0011.
Abstract (sommario):
In the literature it is generally assumed that activities of voluntary
membership based associations operating in stable institutional environments
are multi-faceted, contributing simultaneously to societal, economic and political
spheres. This article, drawing on the concept of functions of non-profit
organizations investigates, whether the multi-functional character of associations
holds true in the context of transitional Russia. The paper examines the
relative importance of the advocacy, community building and service delivery
functions, fulfilled by different types of associations. The original empirical
data from exploratory interviews with 15 leading experts on associational
activities was triangulated by a confirmatory survey of 215 associations across
Russia. The results confirm that the absolute majority of the examined associations
are multifunctional. Advocacy is considered to be the most important
function for all types of associations. The findings suggest that business associations
and intermediary unions are more active in policy advocacy directed
toward the government, while liberal professional societies are more engaged in
public advocacy addressing society at large. This study highlights importance
of domestic associations for countries in transition as an institutional infrastructure
of organized civil society, democratic development and market
economy.
13
Zeng, Guoqian. "Analysis of NGF-dependent cell cycle defects in an NGF-nonresponsive TrkA receptor mutant". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq30835.pdf.
14
Jansson, Dan. "Telematik - en del i NBF? :". Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-1766.
Abstract (sommario):
Samhällsutvecklingen går från industrisamhälle till informationssamhälle och Försvarsmakten (FM) går fråninvasionsförsvar till insatsförsvar. Tidigare var det mer regel än undantag att civil teknologi hade sitt ursprung imilitär teknologi, t.ex. Internet. Idag är det precis tvärtom med marknadskrafterna som driver utvecklingen avt.ex. IT i ett högt tempo. Väpnade styrkor strävar efter att ta till vara på denna utveckling inom kommunikationoch informationsteknologi, i syfte att ha förmåga att möta framtida hot. Den militära utvecklingen inom dettaområde benämns Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). Den svenska FM:s motsvarighet benämnsnätverksbaserat försvar (NBF) och är en tillämpning av tankegångarna kring konceptet RMA. Omfattandeforskning pågår inom IT generellt och telematiken är inte undantagen.Det amerikanska dokumentet Joint Vision 2010 FOCUSED LOGISTICS menar att teknologiutvecklingkommer att spela en avgörande roll för logistikledning, och att förbättringar av bl.a. built in test (BIT) ochtelemaintenance kommer att höja den tekniska personalens effektivitet. Telemaintenance är en delmängd avbegreppet telematik och består av: Fordonstjänster innehållande diagnostik för övervakning avfordonssystemet, larm för påkallning om allvarliga fel håller på att uppstå samt ”Vehicle Control” förfjärrstyrning av fordons funktioner. Underhållstjänster innehållande driftsinformation om t.ex. antaldriftstimmar, bränsleförbrukning, vibration, etc. Tjänsterna undersöks i denna uppsats med bakgrund avteknisk tjänst, vars syfte är att understödja krigsförbandens förmåga att lösa sina uppgifter. Teknisk tjänstbidrar till teknisk och taktisk tillgänglighet genom att säkerställa att ett tillräckligt antal materielsystem kanverka med erforderlig effekt.Uppsatsen tydliggör förväntningar på ett telemaintenance-system hos svensk trupp insatta i internationellaoperationer, närmare bestämt vilket behov av telemaintenance som 1993 förelåg vid den första bataljonen(BA01) som sattes in i Bosnien ingående i UNPROFOR.As our industrial society has become more information based, ournational defense requirements have changed focus from an invasion defenceto an operations defence. For many years, new information technologiessuch as the internet were first developed for military use. Today the oppositeis true. Market forces are now driving the development of new technologiessuch as IT, at a fast pace. Armed forces must strive to make use of thesedevelopments within the areas of communication and informationtechnology, to better prepare for future threats. The military development inthis sector in called a “Revolution in Military Affairs” (RMA). The SwedishArmed Forces equivalency is called a “network-based defense” (NBF) andmakes use of the RMA concept. Extensive research is underway within ITin general and telematics is not an exception.The American document, “Joint Vision 2010 FOCUSED LOGISTICS”claims that the development of technology will play a decisive part inlogistics management, and that improvement in among other things, BITand telemaintenance will raise the effectiveness of technical servicepersonnel. Telemaintenance is one part within the concept of telematics andconsists of:Vehicle service consisting of diagnostic surveillance of vehicle systems,alarms for indication of serious faults, and Vehicle Control for remotecontrolling of vehicle functions.Maintenance service consisting of operational information such as thenumber of hours in operation, fuel consumption, vibration etc.Telemaintenance is investigated in this thesis with a background ofSwedish Army maintenance concept, which purpose is to support militaryfield units in their ability to solve their tasks. The maintenance conceptoffers greater technical and tactical availability by keeping optimal numbersof material systems operational.This thesis describes the expectations of a telemaintenence system of aSwedish troop in international operation, or more precisely, thetelemaintenence needs that were evident in 1993 at the first battalion(BA01) in Bosnia as part of UNPROFOR.
Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 01-03
15
Matsson, David. "Mechanical performance of NCF composites /". Luleå, 2005. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2005/49/.
16
Simard, Marie-Chantal. "Nef pathogenesis in transgenic mice". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103182.
Abstract (sommario):
In order to study the functions of SIV Nef in vivo, in a small animal model, transgenic (Tg) mice expressing the SIVmac239 nef gene, under the control of the human CD4 gene promoter (CD4C) were generated. The transgene was found to be expressed in the same cells targeted by the virus, in vivo. These CD4C/SHIV-nef SIV Tg mice develop a severe AIDS-like disease, including premature death, failure to thrive/weight loss, wasting, thymic atrophy, exhibit an especially low number of peripheral CD8+ T cells as well as low number of peripheral CD4+ T cells, diarrhea, splenomegaly, kidney (interstitial nephritis, segmental glomerulosclerosis), lung (lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis) and heart disease. In addition, these Tg mice fail to mount a class-switched antibody response after immunization with ovalbumin, produce anti-DNA autoantibodies and some of them develop P. Carinii lung infection. These CD4C/SHIV-nefSIV Tg mice develop an AIDS-like disease very similar to that of CD4C/HIV Tg mice, except that the kidney and cardiac diseases were more severe, and that a thymic developmental defect was observed. Heart enlargement was very severe in CD4C/SIV Tg mice during early breeding on the C3H background. Histopathological lesions in the heart of these mice were also multifocal and were similar to those found in CD4C/HIV Tg mice. Data from echocardiography analysis are not yet available for these Tg mice. The low number of peripheral CD8+ and CD4 + T cells likely reflects a thymic defect and may be similar to the DiGeorge-like "thymic defect" immunophenotype described in a subgroup of HIV-1 infected children. Ontogeny studies show that the Tg mice were born with a smaller thymus and that this phenotype is not progressive in nature. As young as embryonic day 17, the thymic absolute cell numbers are lower in the Tg mice when compared to their non-Tg controls and there is a defect in thymocyte maturation in the transition between DN3 and DN4, with a failure to generate normal numbers of DP cells. Fetal liver transplantation studies have ruled out a significant impairment of the thymic epithelium and have suggested that this defect is likely a direct consequence of abnormal T cell progenitors in the thymus.Therefore, it appears that SIV Nef alone expressed in mice, in appropriate cell types and at sufficient levels, can elicit many of the phenotypes of simian and human AIDS. These Tg mice should be instrumental in studying the pathogenesis of SIV Nef-induced phenotypes.
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Ströbl, Sabine. "ProNGF/NGF in humanen Granulosazellen". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-178520.
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Korený, Jozef. "Faktory efektivity rozvojových programů NNO". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1011.
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Adlerová, Martina. "Zdrojová soběstačnost NNO v kultuře". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150121.
Abstract (sommario):
The diploma thesis deals with financial self-sufficiency of non-profit and non-governmental organisations operating in the cultural sector. The theoretical part describes all methods of financing. Emphasis is placed on the cooperation with donors and on fundraising through social networks. To make the comparison of financing easier, different legal forms of non-profit organisations with examples are mentioned. The practical part of the thesis presents five different Czech cultural non-profit organizations. The structures of their financial resources are described, financial analyses are performed, and the percentages of self-sufficiency are determined. The analyses show that none of the organizations is self-sufficient. The thesis presents recommendations on how to increase the percentage of self-sufficiency. The thesis explores importance of the crowdfunding in the Czech republic and describes the cooperation with donors in observed organisations.
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Vyhnánková, Jana. "Zdrojová soběstačnost NNO v kultuře". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150268.
Abstract (sommario):
The master's thesis focuses on self-sufficiency of NGOs in culture, especially on NGOs in performing arts. The thesis aims to analyze the current status of self-sufficiency of NGOs doing performing arts in the Czech Republic. The research was conducted by means of electronic questionnaires sent to NGOs managers or financial employees. The research has shown that NGOs doing performing arts generate a relatively high level of own funds and they diversify their sources successfully. NGOs do not draw much money from the private sector but they use foreign funds a lot. There is still room for improvement in strategic planning of NGOs fundraising and marketing activities.
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Carlbark, Terese, e Magdalena Hirsch. "NNH - ur Stockholms läns kommuners perspektiv". Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168231.
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Lee, Yi-Ying. "Transcription factor NNR from Paracoccus denitrificans". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426570.
23
Mikula, Hynek. "Fázový diagram chladiva LiF-NaF-KF". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-374735.
Abstract (sommario):
In introduction this graduation theses discource about phase diagrams and thein fission. Next part is about concrete phase diagrams NaF – KF, NaF – LiF, KF – LiF. Their determination trough use of cooling surves and their specification trough use of numerical method. Conclusion contains proposal of method for concrete phase diagram of NaF – KF – LiF.
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Svobodová, Lucie. "Analýza zdrojové soběstačnosti NNO v kultuře". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142279.
Abstract (sommario):
The Master's Thesis focuses on resource self-sufficiency analysis of four chosen NGOs in culture. Those are theatres Činoherní klub, Semafor, Archa and Dejvické divadlo. All of the organizations underwent the Prague theatre transformation process and became the Public Service Companies. The Thesis investigates, whether the change into to private subject and the rising independence have led also to the increase of resource self-sufficiency and extension of financial resource portfolio. For this purpose the financial statements of the theatres were analysed. The resource self-sufficiency index was put in the context of other financial analysis indices. The Thesis has shown, that although the theatres use at least four financial resources, they are highly dependent on incomes from provided public services and especially on subsidies from the public budgets. The NGOs should improve their level of business activities and fundraising. The resource self-sufficiency of analysed theatres is between 35 and 52 %. While in three cases the self-sufficiency has been increasing, in the last case it has been decreasing continuously.
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Golby, Jessica A. "Genetic analysis of Drosophila NSF function /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10247.
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Tiano, Gilberto Carlos [UNESP]. "Estudo da expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 por fibroblastos gengivais de camundongos estimulados por NaF via NF-kB, p44/42, p38 e PI3K". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95474.
Abstract (sommario):
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tiano_gc_me_araca.pdf: 753020 bytes, checksum: 112d8897b7c84b5e590dd8fe0fffdb91 (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O declínio mundial da cárie dentária é atribuído ao uso abrangente do flúor. Embora esse elemento seja capaz de proteger os dentes, seu uso excessivo pode levar a uma ação citotóxica causando a inibição do crescimento celular, da síntese de proteínas e até mesmo a morte celular. O primeiro objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a concentração ideal do NaF (NaF) capaz de ativar os fibroblastos gengivais de camundongos sem induzir morte celular. Observou-se que, nesses fibroblastos, a concentração de 40 μg F/mL induziu morte celular de 62,6 %. Na concentração de 20 μg F/mL a morte celular foi de apenas 22,1%. Com base nesses resultados, optou-se por utilizar a concentração de 20 μg F/mL como dose máxima para investigar os mecanismos envolvidos na ativação dos fibroblastos gengivais. Dessa forma, avaliou-se a capacidade do NaF induzir a expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 pelos fibroblastos gengivais de camundongos na presença ou ausência de LPS, assim como a produção da quimiocina CCL-3/MIP-1α e óxido nítrico. Avaliou-se também a participação das vias de sinalização intracelular p44/42, p38, PI3K e NF-кB envolvidas durante essa ativação, por meio da utilização dos respectivos inibidores PD98059 (50 μM), SB202190 (10 μM), LY294002 (30 μM) e dexametasona (10 μM). Observou-se que o NaF foi capaz de estimular os fibroblastos gengivais a expressarem MMP-9, mas não MMP-2, na concentração de 20 μg F/mL com pico máximo 6 horas após, retornando aos níveis normais 24 horas após. A produção da quimiocina CCL3/MIP-1α pelos fibroblastos estimulados pelo NaF também foi observada com a concentração de 20 μg F/mL com pico máximo 6 horas após estímulo. Na presença de LPS, observou-se uma potenciação da expressão de MMP-9 e produção de CCL3/MIP-1α na concentração de 20 μg F/mL, 6 horas após.
The worldwide decline of the dental caries is attributed to the widespread use of fluoride. Although this element is capable of protecting the teeth, its excessive use, can lead to a cytotoxic action, causing an inhibition of the cell growth, of the protein synthesis and even the cellular death. Based on these results, we have chosen to use a concentration of 20 μ g F/mL as maximum concentration to investigate the mechanisms involved in the activation of the gingival fibroblasts. It was observed that, on those fibroblasts, the concentration of 40 μg F/mL has resulted in a death cellular index of 62.6%. In the concentration of 20 μg F/mL the cellular death was of 22.1% only. Based on these results, the concentration of 20 μg F/mL has been chosen as maximum concentration to investigate the mechanisms involved in the activation of the gingival fibroblasts. Later, the ability of NaF to induce the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in gingival fibroblasts of mice in the presence or absence of LPS has been assessed, as well as the production of chemokine CCL-3/MIP-1a and nitric oxide. It also evaluated the participation of intracellular signaling pathways p44/42, p38, PI3K e NF-kB involved in this activation, through inhibitors PD98059 (50 μM), SB202190 (10 μM), LY294002 (30 μM) e dexamethasone (10 μM). It was observed that the NaF was capable to stimulate the gingival fibroblasts to express MMP-9, at the concentration of 20 μgF/mL with maximum peak 6 hours after, returning to normal levels 24 hours after. The expression of MMP-2 was not observed. The production of chemokine CCL3/MIP-1α was also observed with the concentration of 20 μgF/mL with maximum peak 6 hours after the stimulation. In the presence of LPS, it was observed an intensification in the expression of MMP-9 and also in the production of CCL3/MIP-1α at the concentration of 20 μgF/mL, 6 hours later.
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BERTSCH, CHRISTOPHE. "La proteine nef du virus de l'immunodeficience humaine : similitude avec nef simien ; interaction avec la proteine vpu". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR13233.
Abstract (sommario):
La proteine nef des lentivirus de primates joue un role important dans l'expression du pouvoir pathogene de ces virus chez l'homme ou chez le macaque. Afin d'etudier les proprietes de nef hiv-1 non seulement in vitro mais aussi in vivo, nous avons substitue le gene nefhiv-1 lai a nefsiv dans le genome du sivmac239 pour creer le shivneflai4. La partie c-terminale de nefsivmac239 etant absente de nefhiv, nous avons cree une proteine de fusion en ajoutant ce domaine en 3' de nefhiv, generant ainsi le shivc-term. Par l'introduction dans le gene nefhiv-1 d'une mutation conduisant a la substitution d186n nous entrainons une diminution de la stabilite de la proteine. Ce gene mute a ete introduit dans le contexte du siv (shiv186n). In vitro, ces virus ont une cinetique de replication similaire aux virus parentaux sivmac239 et hiv-1 lai. Par contre, en utilisant un test d'infection a cycle unique, nous montrons que la substitution de nef hiv a nef siv conduit a une diminution du pouvoir infectieux du virus chimerique. L'introduction de nef186n restaure le pouvoir infectieux mais non l'ajout de la partie c-terminale de nefsiv. L'utilisation de ces virus siv chimeriques exprimant nefhiv permettra d'evaluer in vivo de nouvelles strategies therapeutiques ciblant les fonctions de nef. Effet, l'etude des proprietes infectieuses du shivneflai4 chez le macaque a permis de conclure que, dans une large mesure, nefhiv-1 peut etre substitue a nefsiv. Finalement, nous avons observe que la stabilite de nefhiv-1 est en fonction du contexte viral et nous avons montre que la presence de vpu entraine une diminution de la demi-vie de la proteine nefhiv. Une interaction directe nef/vpu a ete demontree par transfert d'energie de bioluminescence. L'etude
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CARUSO, ENRICO. "STUDY OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE IN THE SGCA NULL DYSTROPHIC MOUSE MODEL". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/570027.
Abstract (sommario):
During my PhD, I mainly focus on the of dietary antioxidant and the role of oxidative stress in the progression of Muscular Dystrophy (MDs). MDs are genetic human diseases which are hallmarked by a progressive muscle wasting of variable severity, in the most severe cases this condition leads patients to wheelchair life and premature death due to respiratory and cardiac failure (Emery 2002). Mutations, in these pathologies, mainly affect the Dystrophin-associated Glycoprotein Complex (DGC); this multiprotein complex is located in the myofiber sarcolemma and links the fibers to the extracellular matrix conferring stability to fiber structure. The absence or the malfunction of the DGC leads to myofibers instability, which leads to fibers death and in time compromise muscle functionality. In the most severe cases MD patients would die of respiratory and cardiac failure.
Nowadays there is no definitive treatment for MDs that can cure the root of the pathology, although among the different approaches, many efforts are directed to slow down the progression of the disease to counteract the progressive degeneration and to improve patients life quality (Cossu & Sampaolesi 2007).
It is now very well established that the DGC not only plays a structural role for the myofiber stability, but also its stretch during contraction is essential for the activation of important signalling pathways. In fact, in literature is known that accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress contribute strongly to the worsening of MDs, suggesting that muscles affected by these diseases display an impairment in antioxidant signalling (Rando 1998; Rando 2002). In this study, we show that an cyanidin enriched diet is able to delay MD progression in the dystrophic mouse model Sgca null. In particular we display a morphological amelioration of muscle tissue organization, more fiber stability and rescue of muscle performance.
Moreover, the antioxidant diet is able to interfere with the proinflammatory environment, typical of these pathologies. Specifically, cyanidin impairs NF-kB translocation into the myonuclei, and prevent the expression of typical pro-inflammatory genes such as TNF- and iNOS.
Furthermore, we observe an increase of the antioxidant response in dystrophic mice fed with this particular diet. We found that the transcriptional levels of antioxidant genes (i.e. HO-1 and GCLC), in this scenario, are increased through the activity a specific transcription factor known as Nrf-2. We investigate on the signalling pathway that promote Nrf-2 nuclei localization, finding that AMPK activity is the crucial factor.
29
Brégnard, Christelle. "Etude des mécanismes viraux et cellulaires qui régulent l’infection par le Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1". Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05T025.
Abstract (sommario):
L’infection des cellules cibles par le Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1(VIH-1) suit une succession d’étapes finement régulées par de nombreux facteurs cellulaires et viraux. Mon travail de thèse a consisté à étudier certains aspects de cette régulation, en particulier la protéine virale Nef et son impact sur l’infectivité des virus, mais aussi la susceptibilité des cellules cibles à l’infection. Tout d’abord, nous nous sommes intéressés aux mécanismes selon lesquels Nef augmente l’infectivité virale. Pour cela, nous avons identifié les différences entre le protéome des virus sauvages et des virus dépourvus du gène nef (Δnef) grâce à deux méthodes protéomiques, laDIGE et l’iTRAQ. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence que les protéines Ezrine et EHD4 sont impliquées dans des processus qui rendent les virus sauvages plus infectieux que les virusΔnef. L’augmentation de l’infectivité virale par Nef dépend des glycoprotéines d’enveloppes avec lesquelles les particules virales sont pseudotypées. Dans le but d’identifier les bases moléculaires de ce mécanisme, nous avons généré des constructions chimériques entre des glycoprotéines d’enveloppes qui permettent (enveloppes permissives) ou ne permettent pas(enveloppes non permissives) au phénotype Nef de se manifester. Cette approche a permis démontrer que le domaine cytoplasmique de la protéine d’enveloppe est un des déterminants qui dictent l’acquisition du phénotype Nef. Mon travail s’est aussi axé sur le mécanisme de co-infection cellulaire par le VIH-1.Après co-incubation des cellules avec des virus VIH rapporteur GFP et DsRed, nos résultats ont montré que les événements de co-infection sont plus fréquents qu’attendus dans le cas d’une infection stochastique. Nous montrons que ce biais qui semble favoriser la co-infection et qui suggère l’hétérogénéité de la population cible en terme de susceptibilité à l’infection par le VIH-1 provient en fait d’une sous-estimation des fréquences de cellules infectées en raison d’un phénomène de latence post-intégrative. Ainsi, mes études ont permis de mieux comprendre les mécanismes permettant à Nef d’augmenter l’infectivité des particules virales ouvrant de nouvelles perspectives à ce sujet, de même qu’elles ont permis de mettre en évidence que la co-infection était bien un processus aléatoire mais qui permettait de révéler des cellules arborant un provirus silencieuxPas de résumé en anglais
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Rafie, Salomeh. "La protéine Nef du VIH-1 : Contribution des complexes adaptateurs de la voie d'endocytose aux fonctions de Nef". Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05T085/document.
Abstract (sommario):
La protéine Nef des virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH-1 et VIH-2) joue un rôle essentiel dans la physiopathologie de l’infection et induction du SIDA. La capacité de Nef à perturber le trafic intracellulaire de protéines membranaires, et notamment du récepteur CD4, circulant entre les compartiments de la voie d’endocytose pourrait rendre compte de son importance comme facteur de virulence au cours de l’infection naturelle. Les mécanismes responsables des perturbations de la voie d’endocytose induites par Nef au cours de l’infection ne sont pas totalement élucidés, mais il est admis qu’elles résultent d’interactions avec les complexes adaptateurs (AP) associés à la clathrine et participant au transport vésiculaire entre les différents compartiments de la voie d’endocytose. Notre objectif était de déterminer les mécanismes par lesquels Nef influe positivement sur le pouvoir infectieux du VIH-1 en interagissant avec la machinerie cellulaire de la voie d’endocytose. Notre programme s’est organisé autour de deux axes principaux: le premier a consisté à étudier l’implication respective des différents types de complexes AP (AP-1, -2 et -3) sur les perturbations du fonctionnement de la voie d’endocytose induites par Nef en analysant son impact sur le niveau d’expression de surface de CD4; le deuxième axe a consisté à évaluer l’impact de l’interaction de Nef avec les complexes AP sur les capacités infectieuses des particules virales. Le rôle respectif des différents complexes AP dans ces fonctions de Nef a donc été étudié après déplétion de l’expression des complexes AP-1, AP-2 et AP-3 par une approche d’ARN interférence. Les résultats obtenus montrent que contrairement à certaines données de la littérature, la déplétion des complexes AP de la voie d’endocytose ne semble pas avoir un impact majeur sur la capacité de Nef à moduler l’expression de surface de CD4, même si une légère diminution de l’activité de Nef a pu être révélée dans notre étude réalisée sur des cellules HeLa-CD4 transduites par les shRNA ciblant les complexes AP-2. Inversement, nos résultats confirment que la déplétion des complexes AP-1, AP-2 et AP-3 dans les cellules productrices des particules virales se traduit par une diminution importante des propriétés infectieuses de ces particules sur lesquelles l’impact positif de Nef n’est plus alors capable de se manifester. En conclusion, ce travail a donc permis de montrer que les complexes AP de la voie d’endocytose sont indispensables pour que Nef puisse exercer son rôle positif sur le pouvoir infectieux du VIH-1. Il est maintenant important de confirmer ces résultats en analysant le rôle fonctionnel des complexes AP sur les activités de Nef dans les cibles cellulaires naturelles du VIH-1, lymphocytes et macrophagesNef protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2) plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of infection and induction of AIDS. The ability of Nef to disrupt intracellular trafficking of membrane proteins, including the CD4 receptor, moving between the compartments of the endocytic pathway could account for its importance as a virulence factor during natural infection. The mechanisms responsible for disruption of the endocytic pathway induced by Nef during infection are not fully understood, but it is accepted that they arise from interactions with adaptor complexes (AP) associated with clathrin and participant in vesicular transport between the different compartments of the endocytic pathway. Our objective was to determine the mechanisms by which Nef positively affects the infectivity of HIV-1 by interacting with the cellular machinery of the endocytic pathway. Our program has been organized around two main axes: the first was to investigate the respective involvement of different types of complexes (AP-1, -2 and -3) on the Nef induced disruption of the endocytic pathway by analyzing its impact on the level of surface expression of CD4; the second axis was to evaluate the impact of the interaction of Nef with AP complexes on the infectious capacity of the viral particles. The respective roles of the different AP complexes in these functions of Nef has been studied after depletion of the expression of complex AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 by RNA interference approach. The results show that, contrary to some literature data, depletion of AP complex endocytic pathway does not appear to have a major impact on the ability of Nef to modulate the surface expression of CD4, although a slight decreased activity of Nef could be revealed in our study on HeLa-CD4 cells transduced with the shRNA targeting complex AP-2. Conversely, our results confirm that the depletion of complex AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 in the cells producing viral particles resulted in a significant decrease in infectious properties of these particles on which the positive impact of Nef is no longer able to manifest. In conclusion, this work has shown that complex AP of endocytic pathway are essential for Nef to exercise its positive role in the infectivity of HIV-1. It is now important to confirm these findings by analyzing the functional role of AP complexes on the activities of Nef in the natural cellular targets of HIV-1, lymphocytes and macrophages
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Olsson, Johan. "Managing clearinghouse risk for NDF cleared contracts : Validating the HS/VaR method for NDF FX CCP Clearing risk". Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168635.
Abstract (sommario):
In this thesis we describe and discuss the reality for a central clearing party clearinghouse. The importance of sound risk management is discussed. We specifically validate the usage of a Historical Simulation/VaR approach for managing the risk when acting as a CCP for the Non Delivery Forward FX instrument. The method is back tested and some alternative approaches are proposed.Sedan finanskrisen 2008 har regelverken för central clearing av OTC handlade produkter stärkts. I Europa tvingar EMIR regelverket in de OTC handlade financiella produkter att clearas på ett så kallad CCP Clearinghus. Mer och mer av dessa finansiella produkter kommer nu cleareas på clearinghusen. Clearinghusen blir därmed mer och mer riskabla och ett antal studier har gjorts angående vad denna komplexa miljö kan innebära i form av spridningseffekt etc. Därför är det av stor vikt att clearinghusen kan hantera risken som det innebär att clearea dessa nya produkter. Ett exempel på sådan centralt clearad produkt är FX instrument som tex NDF. På NASDAQ Clearing så är förslaget att använda Historical Simultion/VaR för att räkna ut de säkerheter som ska tas in från medlemmarna. ESMA ställer vissa krav på denna modell men är i övrigt positivt inställda till just HS/VaR. Jag har i detta arbete redogjort för hur ett clearinghus fungerar, hur ett FX instrument som NDF fungerar och slutligen gjort en Back test av HS/VaR som riskmått för en NDF portfölj. Speciellt fokuserar jag på hur denna modell skulle ha klarat den turbulenta perioden under 2008/2009 med efterföljande lugna period. Back testet visar att den inte skulle vara lämplig under denna period och avslutningsvis diskuterar jag runt några alternativa adaptioner för att modellen skulle vara bättre anpassad till karakteristiken i FX tidsserien.
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Kärkkäinen, Susanna. "Kan man bli en naturvetare med NPF i ”en skola för alla”? : NPF-elevers erfarenheter inom specialpedagogiska praktiker". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-103769.
Abstract (sommario):
Det svenska skolsystemet syftar till att erbjuda ”en skola till alla” där alla elever borde få jämlik undervisning och på så sätt nå sin fulla potential. Funktionsvariationer ställer utmaningar till konceptet. Neuropsykiatriska funktionsvariationer (NPF) innehåller några stereotypiska drag som påverkar lärandet och deltagandet i skolan, och det erbjuds specialinriktade praktiker för NPF-elever i grundskolan och gymnasiet. Studien syftar till att kartlägga de erfarenheter som elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionsvariationer (NPF) har ifrån högstadiet och gymnasiet för att få en bredare förståelse av deras faktiska behov. Det andra syftet med studien var att försöka hitta möjliga specialpedagogiska förbättringar i den naturvetenskapliga undervisningen. Undersökningen som genomfördes med webbaserade intervjufrågor. Från elevsvaren valdes tio elever, vems svar analyserades genom kvalitativ analys med kvantitativt inslag. I elevsvaren uttrycktes de typiska svårigheter som NPF-elever upplever under skolundervisningen, vilket tyder på att det finns ett behov att utveckla pedagogisk kompetens och kunskap. Många elevsvar uttryckte önskan av att ha en bra kommunikativ kontakt med läraren och lärarledd undervisning med visuellt stöd. Psykosociala svårigheter uttrycktes i elevsvaren som ett stort problem innan man fått specialpedagogiskt stöd. Det visades att många elever i undersökningsgruppen, speciellt flickor, fick sin diagnos sent under skolåren. Resultat indikerar på att det finns stora brister i elevhälsans fungerande och organiseringen av det specialpedagogiska stödet. Elevernas positiva erfarenheter inom specialanpassade inriktningar tyder också på att det finns efterfrågan för dessa skol- och undervisningsformer utifrån elevens behov, som borde uppmärksammas i den skolpolitiska diskussionen.
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Knutsson, Ebba, e Nazanin Lilja. "Lärarrelevant NPF-kunskap : En kvalitativ studie om hur lärare och lärarstudenter ser på arbetet med elever med NPF". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446914.
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Gustavsson, Emma, e Linnea Johansson. "Planering av LCHF- och NNR-kost : Samt en undersökning om unga kvinnors erfarenheter av populärdieter". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96575.
Abstract (sommario):
Bakgrund Idag är LCHF (Low-carbohydrate High-fat) en populär diet. Forskningen som finns inom området fokuserar mycket på viktnedgång. Därför är det intressant att undersöka kosten genom att analysera dess sammansättning och jämföra med rekommendationerna enligt Nordiska näringsrekommendationer (NNR). Syfte Utveckla fyra-veckors menyer för LCHF-kost samt en blandkost enligt NNR inför en RCT-studie. Undersöka om det finns risk för lågt intag av vitaminer, mineraler och kostfibrer enligt NNR:s rekommendationer för unga kvinnor (18-30 år) vid en LCHF-kost. Undersöka möjligheterna att uppnå rekommenderade nivåer av vitaminer, mineraler och kostfibrer med en blandkost enligt NNR:s rekommendationer för unga kvinnor. Undersöka om unga kvinnor provat att minska sitt kolhydratintag i relation till önskan om viktnedgång samt om de provat någon diet. Metod Menyer för LCHF- och NNR-koster komponerades och näringsberäknades i DietistNet. LCHF-menyerna togs fram utifrån riktlinjer om <25 g kolhydrater/dag. En enkät skapades och spreds via Facebook. Materialet analyserades i IBM SPSS 21 med ANOVA- och Chi 2-test. Resultat Nivån av vitamin D var lägre än rekommendationen enligt NNR i de planerade kosthållningarna. I LCHF-kosten var nivåerna av järn och kostfibrer låga samt innehållet av mättat fett högt. I NNR-kosten var det svårt att uppnå rekommenderat intag av järn för kvinnor i fertil ålder. Enkäten visade ett samband mellan att ha provat att minska sitt kolhydraintag och önskan om viktnedgång. Den visade även att lågkolhydratdieter är den mest testade diettypen. Slutsats Den planerade LCHF-kosten innehöll lite kostfibrer och mycket mättat fett i förhållande till NNR. Varken LCHF- eller NNR-kosten uppnådde NNR:s nya rekommendation för Vitamin D. LCHF var den diet som flest enkätdeltagare hade testat. Detta visar att LCHF är en populär diet och att dess eventuella konsekvenser bör uppmärksammas
35
Edgren, Fredrik. "Physically Based Engineering Models for NCF Composites". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3927.
36
Ricks, David Leon. "Predicting NIF carryover at Public Works Centers". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23093.
37
Simmons, Alison. "Molecular and mechanistic analysis of HIV Nef". Thesis, Open University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412404.
38
Karim, Shamim Akhtar. "In vitro studies of SIV nef function". Thesis, Open University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288578.
39
Heidler, Linda E. "NNS Use of Adverbs in Academic Writing". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84213/.
Abstract (sommario):
Recent studies have begun to redefine the idea of accuracy in second language acquisition to include not only grammatical correctness, but also native-like selection. This is an exploratory study aimed at identifying areas of nonnative-like selection of adverbs, such as sentence position, semantic category preferences, frequency of use and breadth of word choice. Using corpus-linguistic methods it compares the writing of nonnative English speakers at an intermediate and advanced level to both American college students’ writing and published academic writing. It also conducts in-depth case studies of three of the most commonly used adverbs. It finds that while advanced students are grammatically accurate, there are still several ways in which their use of adverbs differs from that of native speakers.
40
Nishimune, Atsushi. "NSF binding to GluR2 regulates synaptic transmission". Kyoto University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180867.
41
Rizzi, Caterina. "NGF steers microglia toward a neuroprotective phenotype". Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85996.
Abstract (sommario):
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the Central Nervous System
(CNS). Beside classic in
ammatory activities shared with macrophages,
microglia actively participate in activity-dependent plasticity and learning processes [1] [2], as sculpting the neuronal circuitry during development [3] [4]. Microglia have been shown to be key players in the
pathogenesis and progression of many neurodegenerative disorders and
they are responsible for brain homeostasis and monitor the brain environment with their ever-moving processes [5] [6]. However, their
role, either promoting or preventing pathology, is debated. On one
hand, excessive activation of microglia leads to oxidative stress, neuroinammation, and eventually neuronal death [7]. On the other hand,
microglial activation might be harnessed to carry out protective activities in the brain, such as phagocytosis of aggregates, synaptic pruning
and formation, and the maintenance of healthy neuronal circuits [8].
Therefore, it is important to identify and modulate selectively the neuroprotective activities of microglia. The idea of microglia cells as the
natural scavengers of the brain becomes especially interesting when
dealing with diseases with the loss of proteostasis such as Alzheimer's
disease.
In the search of neuroprotective agents against neurodegeneration,
neurotrophins have been historically considered as potential therapeutic candidates but usually with actions targeted to natural neuronal population. In this thesis I tested the hypothesis that microglia represent a new target cell for Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the brain.
So far sparse experiments in the literature suggest this insight.
In the literature microglia cells are known to be a source of neurotrophins [9] [10][11], most notably the Brain Derived Neurotrophic
Factor (BDNF) which has been shown to promote synapse formation
[1] and NGF [12] [13]. However, the extent of the modulation NGF
might exert on physiological microglial functions and how this effect
might come into play in neurodegenerative disorders has not been in-
vestigated yet.
Indeed, the main cellular targets of the neurotrophin Nerve Growth
Factor (NGF) [14] in the central nervous system are considered to be
the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain (BFCNs) [15], while its
sources are mainly cortical and hippocampal neurons [16].
Consistently, interference with NGF signaling (trkA-NGF signalling)
in the adult brain leads to de cits of the cholinergic system that has
been related to the mechanisms driving neurodegeneration, as in the
AD11 transgenic mouse model [17] [18]. The expression of anti-NGF
antibodies selectively neutralizing mature NGF in the adult brain determines a progressive comprehensive neurodegeneration with neuroinflammation as the earliest observed change, at a presymptomatic phase
[19] [20]. A similar progressive neurodegeneration is observed in trans-
genic mice expressing a neutralizing anti TrkA antibody in the adult
brain [21]. Changes in NGF homeostasis in the brain, with particular
regard to the ratio of NGF to proNGF levels, have also been linked to
Alzheimer's disease [22].
However the overall neurodegenerative picture induced by anti-
NGF or anti-TrkA antibodies in those transgenic models is much
broader than what one would expect on the basis of an action of the
antibodies on the BFCNs exclusively. Moreover, the loss of NGF-TrkA
signaling in the CNS, obtained by conditionally deleting NGF or TrkA
genes in CNS cells derived from nestin-positive cells, has proven not to be sufficient in inducing severe cognitive impairments or neurodegen-
eration in mice [23]. Altogether, this body of results has motivated our
search for non neuronal targets of NGF in the adult brain. Microglia
was a strong candidate, because (1) previous work had suggested that
NGF could modulate some aspects of microglial cells in culture [12]
and (2) transcriptomic studies in the AD11 mouse model expressing
anti-NGF had shown that neuroinammation is the earliest phenotypic alteration, already at a presymptomatic phase (1 month of age; [19] [20]).
In this thesis I show that microglia cells are true target of NGF
both in vivo and in vitro and that the activity carried out by this
neurotrophin on these myeloid cells might result neuroprotective in
the context of Alzheimer's Disease.
42
Moreira, Da Silva Sara. "Caractérisation de NEF-sp : une exoribonucléase 3'→ 5' spécifique du testicule". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV042/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Caractérisation de NEF-sp: une exoribonucléase 3'→ 5' spécifique du testicule. Les études biochimiques et génétiques ont révélé que de nombreuses protéines jouent un rôle important dans la voie des ARNpi (ARN interagissant avec Piwi). Néanmoins, certaines caractéristiques mécanistes ne sont pas encore complètement comprises. D’autre part, certaines protéines impliquées dans la voie des ARNpi pourraient ne pas encore être caractérisées. Lorsque ce projet a commencé, le traitement 3’ des ARNpi n'avait pas été complètement identifié. Par contre la directionnalité 3’ à 5’ avait été observée avec une dépendance au Mg2+. Toutefois, la protéine responsable du raccourcissement des ARNpi à leur longueur mature n'était toujours pas connue.NEF-sp devrait être une exo nucléase d'ARN avec une directionnalité de 3' à 5'. Sa prédiction de domaine a révélé que cela se compose d'un domaine de nucléase N-terminal et de deux motifs de reconnaissance d'ARN (RRM). NEF-sp est également prévue comme une nucléase spécifique aux testicules, mais son rôle biologique n'a pas été caractérisé auparavant. Ce projet s'est concentré sur une hypothèse initiale selon laquelle NEF-sp pourrait potentiellement agir comme une nucléase impliquée dans la voie des ARNpi.Globalement, nous avons démontré que NEF-sp humaine est une exoribonucléase avec une directionnalité 3'→ 5'qui est active sur les substrats de l'ARN simple brin. Cette protéine est exprimée exclusivement dans les testicules des souris. En plus, NEF-sp pourrait fonctionner dans le compartiment nucléaire. Notre analyse de la souris Nef-sp mutante n'a révélé aucun phénotype évident. Nous avons observé que les homozygotes des deux sexes sont viables et présentent une fertilité normale. De plus, NEF-sp ne semble pas jouer un rôle dans la voie des ARNpi. Il est possible que le recadrage du/des substrat(s) inconnu(s) ne soit pas important pour la viabilité et fertilité en raison de la compensation potentielle par d'autres nucléases. Néanmoins, notre étude fournit une caractérisation biochimique et génétique de l'exoribonucléase NEF-sp des mammifèresGenetic and biochemical studies have identified more than twenty different proteins involved in the piRNA pathway. However, some mechanistic features are still not fully understood. When this project started, piRNAs 3' end trimming was not completely characterized. Trimming was observed before in BmN4 cells and an Mg2+-dependent 3′ to 5′ exonuclease was implicated in this process. However, the protein responsible for shortening piRNAs to their mature length was still not known.NEF-sp is predicted to be an RNA exonuclease with 3′ to 5′ directionality. This protein is composed by three domains: a nuclease domain at N-terminal and two RNA binding motifs at C-terminal. NEF-sp is also predicted to be a testis-specific nuclease, however its biological role was not previously characterized. This project was based on the hypothesis that NEF-sp could potentially act as a nuclease involved in the piRNA maturation.We examined the biochemical properties of the uncharacterized mammalian nuclease family member NEF-sp. We show that Nef-sp transcripts are detected exclusively in mouse testes. We demonstrate that hNEF-sp is a 3ʹ→5ʹ exoribonuclease that is active on ssRNA substrates and likely functions in the nucleolar compartment. Our own analysis of the Nef-sp mouse knock-out mutant revealed no obvious phenotype. We observed that homozygous animals of both sexes are viability and display normal fertility. NEF-sp does not seem to play a role in piRNA pathway. It is possible that precise trimming of the unknown substrate(s) may not be important for viability/fertility due to potential complementation by other nucleases. Nevertheless, our study provides a biochemical and genetic characterization of the mammalian NEF-sp exoribonuclease
43
Schwarzer, Michael. "Embryonale Expressionsanalyse und genomische Charakterisierung des NRF-Gens". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961909528.
44
Arnell, Krister. "NBF : en självsynkroniserande myt eller ett organiserat paradis?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-1553.
Abstract (sommario):
Det nätverksbaserade försvaret (NBF) är en vision som kommer att ställa många nya krav. Såväl rent tekniskasom organisatoriska. För mig har de organisatoriska aspekterna av NBF varit av särskilt intresse. När jaghar tagit del av skrifter och samtal rörande det nätverksbaserade försvaret har jag speciellt fäst mig vid att detibland framkommer att en självsynkroniserande organisation skulle vara det optimala slutmålet. Jag har självtjänstgjort inom olika befattningar inom flygvapnets ledningssystem, först STRIL – 60 och sedan Flygvapnet2000. De erfarenheter jag själv har gjort under min tid i Flygvapnet har lett mig fram till slutsatsen att själsynkroniseringvar den sämsta tänkbara av reservnivåer. För att komma lösning på gåtan om organiseringsproblematikennärmare har jag med utgångspunkt från teorier om organisatoriska framgångsfaktorer valt attgenomföra ett antal simuleringar. Jag har vid två tillfällen simulerat ett luftförsvarsscenario, vid dessa tvåtillfällen användes två olika uppsättningar av deltagare. Vid första simuleringstillfället gavs deltagarna tydligaroller och arbetsbeskrivningar, i denna uppsats kallade ”Beslutsregler”. Vid det andra tillfället fick deltagarnaendast en roll tilldelad, de fick sedan utifrån sina tidigare erfarenheter forma dessa roller. Vid varjetillfälle har det dessutom gjorts två delsimuleringar med skilda organisatoriska och tekniska förutsättningar.De kategorier av personal som funnits med under simuleringarna är, flygförare, flygstridsledare, chefsflygstridsledareoch luftförsvarsledare. Vid båda tillfällena fick deltagarna i uppgift att luftförsvara Stockholm.För att mäta effektskillnader i vad de olika organisationerna lyckades uppnå vid de olika simuleringstillfällenaså erhölls poäng för varje mål deltagarna lyckades bekämpa. Målen i scenarierna har haft olika poängvärdeberoende på om de har varit på väg mot Stockholm eller andra geografiska områden, där målen motStockholm gett högst poäng. Vid analys av slutresultaten framkommer en del mycket intressanta skillnaderpå vad de olika organisationerna lyckades åstadkomma och även hur de agerade, bl.a. visade det sig att centraliseradledning inte alltid är av ondo.During my career in the Royal Swedish Air Force I have served in several different positions,amongst them I can mention the ones as weapons controller and fighter allocater.During the recent years, I have through the reading of different books and discussionswith my colleagues, encountered the opinion that self-synchronised organisationswould be the ultimate goal when organising Network Centric Warfare. My own experiencewas that this was the last option used after everything else had failed. In Swedishlitterateur regarding Network Centric Warfare, you can see the expression of a will to beable to change command philosophy from centralised command to a decentralised anddelegated (Auftragstaktik) command. In this essay I have examined the effectiveness oftwo different organisations, the first one more like a classic hierarchic organisationcomplemented with rules regarding responsibilities for each participant. The participantsin the second organisation only got a role and then had to fulfil this role drawingon their previous experience from working in the Air Force. The participants were allAir Force officers and each one of them could only participate in one of the organisations.The organisations were then tasked to carry out counter air operations in a simulator.Their only mission during the simulations was to protect the city of Stockholm. Inthe simulation the participants met a pre-recorded adversary, for the elimination of atarget the organisations were awarded points. The target heading towards Stockholmearned each organisation more points then other targets. The accumulated points thengave a rating for their effectiveness. The result was then analysed with the help of theoriesregarding what is needed for organisational success and theories regarding networkorganisations. The conclusions clearly state that the organisation with the rules achieveda better result, especially when the technical conditions degenerated. This organisationeven succeeded to improve their result with degraded technical conditions, the otherorganisation got a lower result during the same circumstances. One of the main reasonsthe organisation who had to rely on their previous experience from the Air Force nevergot up to the same standard as the other organisation, was due to the fact that they hadto spend more time to get them selves organised. Furthermore my examination showsthat networks are very complex and hard to overlook for an individual person. Thisleads to problems when you want to communicate in the network and also severe problemswhen it comes to optimizing the efficiency of the network.
Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 03-05
45
Chuah, Lay Khim Marinee. "Role of nef in HIV-1 gene regulation". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212893.
46
Dietrich, Gero. "142 n.F. StGB und das Verbot zwangsweiser Selbstbelastung /". Baden-Baden : Nomos-Verl.-Ges, 1998. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/276791193.pdf.
47
Bradburne, James Andrew. "Regulation of nif gene expression in bradyrhizobium japonicum". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25742.
48
Rahim, Mir Munir Ahmed 1975. "Pathogenesis of HIV-1 nef in adult mice". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115698.
Abstract (sommario):
Development of a suitable animal model of AIDS is much needed in AIDS research to study infection and pathogenesis as well as to evaluate methods of prevention and treatment of HIV infection. Small animals such as rodents are attractive candidates for AIDS research due to the availability of various inbred and genetically engineered strains, extensive knowledge or their immune system, especially in mice, and the relative ease of breeding and maintaining animal colonies. Transgenic small animal models carrying entire HIV genome or selected genes have been instrumental to understand functions of HIV genes in vivo and their role in HIV pathogenesis. The type of cells in which HIV genes are expressed seems to be an import prerequisite for the study of HIV gene functions in transgenic mice. Mice constitutively expressing the entire HIV-1 genome or HIV-1 nef gene in CD4 + T cells and in the cells of macrophage/dendritic lineage develop an AIDS-like disease very similar to AIDS disease in humans. Similarly, expression of Nef in adult mice, using inducible system, results in the AIDS-like disease. This disease is characterized by thymic atrophy, impaired thymocyte maturation, loss of CD4+ T cells, increased activation and turnover of T cells, which can occur in the absence of lymphypenia, and non-lymphoid organ disease involving the lungs and kidneys. Susceptibility of adult mice to the pathological effects of Nef suggests that the AIDS-like disease in the constitutively expressing Nef Tg mice is not due to developmental defects caused by early expression of Nef. This model highlights the important role of Nef in HIV-1 pathogenesis. The high similarity in the disease in these Tg mice with human AIDS strongly suggest that these mice are a relevant model to study AIDS. This study further evidence that mouse cells can support functions of Nef and these Tg mice represent a unique model to study Nef functions in vivo in the context of the primary immune system. Moreover, the inducible Nef Tg model has given us the ability to control the level and time of expression of Nef which was impossible to do in the previously reported constitutive Nef Tg mouse models. These mice will be useful to study immune reconstitution since Nef expression can be turned off after withdrawal from dox.
49
Qi, Chuan. "NCF/Wax nano composites inspired by plant cuticles". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146034.
Abstract (sommario):
Plant cuticles are extracellular membranes covering aerial organs of plants, whose main functions rely on the protection against water loss, mechanical injury from the environment, attack of microorganism, and also regulation of gas exchange. Among the several constituents of plant cuticles, waxes are those that play an important role in their barrier properties. In order to enhance the mechanical properties of wax, NFC was applied in. In the project, mainly two kinds of methods were used to prepare wax-NFC composites. One way was wax and NFC were dissolved in toluene and casted to be a film, another way was to prepare NFC aerogel firstly, and then, impregnated the aerogel into wax liquid. After pressing it the structure was more compact. In order to characterize the properties of samples, SEM, XRD, TGA, DSC, Contact angle testing, tensile test and oxygen permeability methods were applied in.
50
Aurikko, Jukka Petteri. "Structural studies of FGF and NGF signalling systems". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613132.