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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 29 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Kirby, Tony. "Profile: The Liggins Institute, New Zealand". Lancet 386, n. 9990 (luglio 2015): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)61266-1.

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Rewcastle, Gordon. "The New Zealand Institute of Chemistry". Chemistry - An Asian Journal 6, n. 9 (9 agosto 2011): 2191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201100594.

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Miskelly, C. M. "Colonial ornithology in New Zealand—the legacy of the New Zealand Institute". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 47, n. 3 (18 giugno 2017): 244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2017.1334673.

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Tuffield, Joanne. "Aurora Leadership Institute: a New Zealand perspective". Australian Library Journal 45, n. 1 (gennaio 1996): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049670.1996.10755737.

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Middleton, Sue C. "New Zealand Theosophists in “New Education” networks, 1880s-1938". History of Education Review 46, n. 1 (5 giugno 2017): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-10-2015-0024.

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Purpose It is well-known that Beatrice Ensor, who founded the New Education Fellowship (NEF) in 1921, was a Theosophist and that from 1915 the Theosophical Fraternity in Education she established laid the foundations for the NEF. However, little research has been performed on the Fraternity itself. The travels of Theosophists, texts, money and ideas between Auckland, India and London from the late nineteenth century offer insights into “New Education” networking in the British Commonwealth more broadly. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on archival documents from the Adyar Library and Research Centre, International Theosophical Society (TS) headquarters, Chennai, India; the archive at the headquarters of the New Zealand Section of the TS, Epsom, Auckland; the NEF files at the archive of the London Institute of Education; papers past digital newspaper archive. Findings New Zealand’s first affiliated NEF group was set up by the principal of the Vasanta Gardens Theosophical School, Epsom, in 1933. She was also involved in the New Zealand Section of the Theosophical Fraternity, which held conferences from 1917 to 1927. New Zealand’s Fraternity and Theosophical Education Trust had close links with their counterparts in England and India. The setting up of New Zealand’s first NEF group was enabled by networks created between Theosophists in New Zealand, India and England from the late nineteenth century. Originality/value The contribution of Theosophists to the new education movement has received little attention internationally. Theosophical educational theory and Theosophists’ contributions to New Zealand Education have not previously been studied. Combining transnational historiography with critical geography, this case study of networks between New Zealand, Adyar (India) and London lays groundwork for a wider “spatial history” of Theosophy and new education.

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Buckingham, Donna. "A Binding Separation: The New Zealand-Australia Partnership in Free Access to Law". International Journal of Legal Information 38, n. 3 (2010): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500005874.

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While both New Zealand and Australia have a shared history, each tells a separate story of sovereignty. Both began as British colonies and, when Australia became a federation in 1901, there was opportunity for New Zealand to join. It chose not to do so. To use an image from Moori, New Zealand's indigenous language, it decided to paddle its own waka (canoe). A century and a bit later, the New Zealand Legal Information Institute (NZLII) is another iteration of that drive to differentiate, born of a hope that an indigenous online identity might help to build more comprehensive free access to its legal information.

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Dixon, Jennifer. "Annual conference of the New Zealand Planning Institute". Land Use Policy 7, n. 1 (gennaio 1990): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(90)90058-7.

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Moughan, Paul, e Harjinder Singh. "In this Issue". New Zealand Science Review 67, n. 3 (19 dicembre 2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v67.8882.

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It’s with pleasure that the New Zealand Association of Scientists presents this issue of the New Zealand Science Review in collaboration with the Riddet Institute. The articles arising from the Agri-Food Summit meeting in April this year give insight into the research and educational resources necessary for a successful and sustainable agri-food sector in New Zealand. As mentioned in our guest editorial, the Summit speakers were selected to bring somewhat disparate views together on the topic under discussion. The result graphically illustrates the tranformational changes necessary to fully exploit New Zealand’s potential in agri-foods and the importance of growing our collaborative research and educational networks internationally

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Beggs, J. M. "Research for the Upstream Petroleum Sector: The Crown Research Institute Concept". Energy Exploration & Exploitation 13, n. 2-3 (maggio 1995): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598795013002-313.

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New Zealand's scientific institutions have been restructured so as to be more responsive to the needs of the economy. Exploration for and development of oil and gas resources depend heavily on the geological sciences. In New Zealand, these activities are favoured by a comprehensive, open-file database of the results of previous work, and by a historically publicly funded, in-depth knowledge base of the extensive sedimentary basins. This expertise is now only partially funded by government research contracts, and increasingly undertakes contract work in a range of scientific services to the upstream petroleum sector, both in New Zealand and overseas. By aligning government-funded research programmes with the industry's knowledge needs, there is maximum advantage in improving the understanding of the occurrence of oil and gas resources. A Crown Research Institute can serve as an interface between advances in fundamental geological sciences, and the practical needs of the industry. Current publicly funded programmes of the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences include a series of regional basin studies, nearing completion; and multi-disciplinary team studies related to the various elements of the petroleum systems of New Zealand: source rocks and their maturation, migration and entrapment as a function of basin structure and tectonics, and the distribution and configuration of reservoir systems.

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McCarthy, Christine. "Going for Gold: New Zealand houses in the 60s through the veil of the NZIA Bronze Medals". Architectural History Aotearoa 2 (30 aprile 2024): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v2.9472.

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In 1926 the New Zealand Institute of Architects instituted a Gold, Silver, Bronze Medal system to recognise its members' work. By the 1960s, the Bronze Medal recognised the best designed single-unit house. The award system appears to have been a strict one, the Institute feeling no obligation to award the Bronze Medal in 1962, 1964 and 1969. This paper looks at the seven houses recognised by the Bronze Award in the 1960s.

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Tesi sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Devonport, Bernadette Frances. "The History of Accounting Standards in New Zealand: An Evaluation of the Role of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Humanities, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6215.

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Professions are characterised by the services they provide and in accounting this includes standard setting. The accounting profession became increasingly involved in the regulation of external financial reporting during the twentieth century by setting standards of accounting practice for its members and entity stakeholders. This narrative analysis of the history of accounting standards in New Zealand focuses on why the accounting profession in New Zealand, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, assumed the responsibility to draft accounting standards. It argues that accountants did so to maintain their professional status. The New Zealand Institute of Chartered Accountants was instrumental in creating accounting standards in New Zealand. Cautious to begin with, the Institute soon became a progressive and innovative standard setter, not only developing a conceptual framework for New Zealand standards but also making the standards sector neutral. The Institute retained control of the drafting of accounting standards even when, as happened in the latter decades of the twentieth century, the New Zealand Government became more involved in the standard setting process. Recent changes in the standard setting process, however, such as the development and use of international accounting standards and the creation of statutory bodies to draft and authorise standards raise questions about the accounting profession’s continuing use of standard setting as a mechanism for maintaining professional reputation.

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Bowring, Jacky. "Institutionalising the picturesque: the discourse of the New Zealand Institute of Landscape Architects". Lincoln University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/667.

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Despite its origins in England two hundred years ago, the picturesque continues to influence landscape architectural practice in late twentieth-century New Zealand. The evidence for this is derived from a close reading of the published discourse of the New Zealand Institute of Landscape Architects, particularly the now defunct professional journal, The Landscape. Through conceptualising the picturesque as a language, a model is developed which provides a framework for recording the survey results. The way in which the picturesque persists as naturalised conventions in the discourse is expressed as four landscape myths. Through extending the metaphor of language, pidgins and creoles provide an analogy for the introduction and development of the picturesque in New Zealand. Some implications for theory, practice and education follow.

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Reid, Francis Lucian. "The province of science : James Hector and the New Zealand Institute, 1867-1903". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612908.

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Devonport, Bernadette Frances. "Women in accounting: their careers and membership of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. History, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/986.

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This thesis studies the relationship between the careers of women in accounting in New Zealand in the twentieth century and their membership of, and contribution to, the major accounting association in this country, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of New Zealand. The relationship is placed within historical context. In recent decades there has been much research on the experiences of female professionals in their workplaces but little of this research has been on the involvement of these women in their professional associations. Yet these associations have an important role in defining, controlling and representing professions. This thesis argues, using accounting as an example, that there is a parallel between the careers of professional women and their participation in their professional associations. In New Zealand, as the social climate changed during the twentieth century so too did women's membership in the Institute and their employment as public accountants. The level and type of women's contribution in the Institute has reflected their participation in the wider profession.

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Doyle, Paul Norman. "The effects of human activities on stream water quality case studies in New Zealand and Germany : thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Applied Science, Earth and Oceanic Sciences Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, September 2005". Full thesis. Abstract, 2005.

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Linton, Rachael. "Sound Vision: patterns of vibration in sound, symbols and the body : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the Master of Design, Institute of Communication Design, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand". Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1018.

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Historical and contemporary views such as those held within Buddhist and Hindu religion support the idea that sound, colour and form in motion have the ability to alter physiological and psychological aspects of human function. Within these, religions, distinctive singing and meditation techniques can be used to aid concentration, calm and balance the mind, and soothe the body. A meditative technique adopted by Hindu and Buddhist practitioners is to draw the mind into a centred point of focus, blocking out external distractions that inhibit concentration. The sound based meditation Om, for example, is a most powerful mantra, capable of healing and elevating consciousness (Beck, 1995). Vocal sounding and chant as well as gazing at or visualising images are techniques that have been utilised in ancient religious practice to aid people to develop their natural capabilities to shift energy within body and mind. Contemporary neuroscientists are interested in the states of mind that Buddhist monks claim to enter into while sounding. Equipped with technology for analysing brainwave activity, experiments have revealed that electromagnetic stimuli such as sound, light and colour can have physical affect upon the practitioner’s brain. Researchers have developed new therapeutic tools and techniques to benefit the health and well-being of individuals from these findings. This thesis traces the therapeutic use of sound, light, colour and form in motion from ancient Hindu and Buddhist religion into its use in complementary therapy. Sound Vision is the name of the film which fulfils the practical component of this research. Inspired by the visual form and motion of sound, this thesis contemplates: if we could see sound, what would it look like and could those images function as a healing art form? Sound Vision translates ancient and contemporary techniques of therapy into a digital audio/visual medium to function as visual therapy and aid for meditation. The themes of this research are foremost to visualise sound and secondly to deduce aspects of sound and vision that have therapeutic qualities. Chapter Three of this thesis thematically outlines qualities of sound that have been found to be capable of exciting or calming its listener. The same process has been applied for vision, specifically how light and colour affect the viewer as well as for form in motion. An interim presentation of the preliminary film, Dance of Light, was exhibited in November 2008 and here formative feedback was gained through unobtrusive observation and discussions with viewers toward the development of Sound Vision. Aspects of the film were found to provoke feelings of unease and tension while other aspects incited focus and calm. Sound Vision, serves as a prototype apply healing using light therapy to create positive physical and psychological outcomes. From the research presented within this thesis, Sound Vision employs various digital methods and techniques which are recognised with ability towards healing. Explorations to further this thesis’ research may include Neurological brainwave analysis and patient testing to determine which kinds of video footage produce particular desirable results.

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Peck, Mikaere Michelle S. "Summerhill school is it possible in Aotearoa ??????? New Zealand ???????: Challenging the neo-liberal ideologies in our hegemonic schooling system". The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2794.

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The original purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibility of setting up a school in Aotearoa (New Zealand) that operates according to the principles and philosophies of Summerhill School in Suffolk, England. An examination of Summerhill School is therefore the purpose of this study, particularly because of its commitment to self-regulation and direct democracy for children. My argument within this study is that Summerhill presents precisely the type of model Māori as Tangata Whenua (Indigenous people of Aotearoa) need in our design of an alternative schooling programme, given that self-regulation and direct democracy are traits conducive to achieving Tino Rangitiratanga (Self-government, autonomy and control). In claiming this however, not only would Tangata Whenua benefit from this model of schooling; indeed it has the potential to serve the purpose of all people regardless of age race or gender. At present, no school in Aotearoa has replicated Summerhill's principles and philosophies in their entirety. Given the constraints of a Master's thesis, this piece of work is therefore only intended as a theoretical background study for a much larger kaupapa (purpose). It is my intention to produce a further and more comprehensive study in the future using Summerhill as a vehicle to initiate a model school in Aotearoa that is completely antithetical to the dominant neo-liberal philosophy of our age. To this end, my study intends to demonstrate how neo-liberal schooling is universally dictated by global money market trends, and how it is an ideology fueled by the indifferent acceptance of the general population. In other words, neo-liberal theory is a theory of capitalist colonisation. In order to address the long term vision, this project will be comprised of two major components. The first will be a study of the principal philosophies that govern Summerhill School. As I will argue, Summerhill creates an environment that is uniquely successful and fulfilling for the children who attend. At the same time, it will also be shown how it is a philosophy that is entirely contrary to a neo-liberal 3 mindset; an antidote, to a certain extent, to the ills of contemporary schooling. The second component will address the historical movement of schooling in Aotearoa since the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1984, and how the New Zealand Curriculum has been affected by these changes. I intend to trace the importation of neo-liberal methodologies into Aotearoa such as the 'Picot Taskforce,' 'Tomorrows Schools' and 'Bulk Funding,' to name but a few. The neo-liberal ideologies that have swept through this country in the last two decades have relentlessly metamorphosised departments into businesses and forced ministries into the marketplace, hence causing the 'ideological reduction of education' and confining it to the parameters of schooling. The purpose of this research project is to act as a catalyst for the ultimate materialization of an original vision; the implementation of a school like Summerhill in Aotearoa. A study of the neo-liberal ideologies that currently dominate this country is imperative in order to understand the current schooling situation in Aotearoa and create an informed comparison between the 'learning for freedom' style of Summerhill and the 'learning to earn' style of our status quo schools. It is my hope to strengthen the argument in favour of Summerhill philosophy by offering an understanding of the difference between the two completely opposing methods of learning.

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Hunkin, Mathew. "Drawing from experience : visual modality in historic narrative illustration : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Design, Massey University, Institute of Communication Design, College of Creative Arts, Wellington, New Zealand". Massey University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1342.

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This research investigates critical methods for approaching aesthetic design decisions in illustration. As a method of communication illustration qualifies its subjects through aesthetic choices, or modalities. The qualifying nature of these modalities can affect communication in an image and this research seeks an explicit understanding of how this communication occurs. This practice-based research project employs two aesthetic extremes, line and tone, in the creation of four historic visual narratives designed to fill visual gaps in the history of 1 Commando Fiji Guerillas. Line and tone are tendered as a means of visually negotiating the informing records of the Fiji Commando experience, records characterised by both conflict and absence. Can these disparate, conflicting, yet necessary records of experience be visually acknowledged in an illustrated expansion of the Fiji Commando's visual history? This position serves as the point of departure for research. An understanding of the communicative properties of line and tone is followed by investigation into their relationship to the propositions they represent, with initial research suggesting that modalities reflect the social contexts from which they encode. This relationship implied a means to negotiate the historic records necessary in a contemporary visual articulation of the Fiji Commando experience through the strategic use of aesthetic modalities to acknowledge the nature of informing source material. This practice-based approach to research allowed the consolidation of both the possible and the probable in the creation of a new visual, historic text, while revealing analytical approaches to aesthetic choice.

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Ries, Daniel. "Studies on the antioxidant activity of milk proteins in model oil-in-water emulsions : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Food Technology, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand". Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1084.

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The present study was aimed at extending our knowledge of the antioxidative properties of the milk protein products, whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium caseinate (NaCas), in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In particular, the objective was to contribute to our understanding of the compositional and processing factors that influence the oxidative stability of protein-stabilised O/W emulsions. Linoleic acid (approximately 60 %) was used as the lipid for the oil phase (10.6 %). The emulsion samples were usually incubated at 50 °C to accelerate lipid oxidation. Lipid oxidation indicators were lipid hydroperoxides and headspace hexanal, determined by solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography (GC). WPI- or NaCas-stabilised emulsions were prepared using a wide range of protein concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 7.0 or 10.0 %) at two droplet sizes (d32 = 0.31 and 0.65 µm). In general, higher lipid oxidation levels were found for the larger droplet size. Increasing protein concentration led to a decrease in the lipid oxidation rate. The greatest decrease in lipid hydroperoxide levels (values after 4 h) occurred at up to 4.0 % protein concentration. The greatest decrease in hexanal levels (values after 24 h) occurred at up to 4.0 % protein concentration in WPI emulsions (0.31 µm). The hexanal levels were more independent of the protein concentration in the other emulsion types. The hexanal level decreased at protein concentrations > 4.0 % in NaCas emulsions (0.31 and 0.65 µm) and at protein concentrations > 7.0 % in WPI emulsions (0.65 µm). The difference between lipid hydroperoxide generation in emulsions with small and large droplet sizes decreased with increasing protein concentration. This effect was more pronounced in NaCas emulsions. In general, NaCas was a better inhibitor of lipid oxidation than WPI, but WPI appeared to be the better antioxidant at some droplet size/protein concentration combinations. The protein in the continuous phase, i.e. the unadsorbed protein, played an important role in lipid oxidation. In principal, the lipid hydroperoxide and hexanal levels showed the same development over the continuous phase protein concentration as over the protein concentration in WPI and NaCas emulsions (d32 = 0.31 µm). A low NaCas level in the continuous phase already led to a relatively low hexanal level, whereas a higher WPI level was required. When NaCas solution was added to a WPI emulsion or WPI solution was added to a NaCas emulsion, a synergistic antioxidative effect was observed. The high molecular weight fractions (molecular weight = 12000-14000) of WPI and NaCas contained pro-oxidative metal ions that contributed to lipid oxidation in the emulsions. An enrichment of NaCas emulsions with the low molecular weight fraction of NaCas (with a molecular weight = 12000-14000) notably inhibited lipid oxidation. An enrichment of WPI emulsions with the low molecular weight fraction of WPI (with a molecular weight = 12000-14000) also seemed to inhibit lipid oxidation, but the effect was not significant. The protein solutions were enriched with these fractions before emulsion preparation. Pure WPI solution or mixed WPI/NaCas (1:1, weight/weight) solution with 1.12 or 2.24 % protein concentration was heated at 84 °C for up to 40 min, cooled and then used to prepare emulsions. Lipid oxidation was generally not affected by the heat treatment or the degree of whey protein denaturation. However, at the lower WPI concentration, more hexanal was produced for the longer heating times (20, 30 and 40 min) and this appeared to be connected with the physical instability of the emulsions. Greater oxidative stability was found at the higher protein concentration and when the proteins were mixed, pointing to a possible synergistic antioxidative effect of WPI and NaCas. The addition of the free radical source 2,2’-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) greatly increased the oxygen uptake and the generation of lipid hydroperoxides in the emulsions. The oxidative stability increased with increasing protein concentration (1.0, 4.0 and 7.0 %). NaCas had a greater antioxidative effect than WPI. The inhibition of oxygen uptake appeared to be largely influenced by the free-radical-scavenging activity of the system, determined by the protein type and the protein concentration, as the radicals were produced linearly over time and oxygen was consumed linearly over time. It can therefore be concluded that free-radical-scavenging activity represents a major antioxidative mechanism of the milk proteins. Oxygen was consumed much faster in emulsions than in protein solutions when the same level of AAPH was incorporated. In a WPI (1.0 % protein) emulsion, much lower levels of protein hydroperoxides than of lipid hydroperoxides developed. This pointed to a much greater reactivity of linoleic acid than of the milk proteins with oxygen. In contrast, the exposure of WPI to oxidising linoleic acid in an emulsion (1.0 % protein) or to AAPH in aqueous solution led to oxidative damage of the whey proteins, indicated by the loss of amino acids. The loss of specific amino acids was different for proteins in the continuous phase or cream phase of an emulsion or in WPI solution. The present study confirms the antioxidative potential of WPI and NaCas and gives new insights into their functionality as oxidative stabilisers in O/W emulsions.

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Oakley, Simon Hardie. "Crystallographic determination of wild type, mutant and substrate-analogue inhibited structures of bacterial members of a family of superoxide dismutases : submitted as part of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Chemistry, Massey University, New Zealand". Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1072.

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The iron and manganese superoxide dismutases are a family of metallo-enzymes with highly conserved protein folds, active sites and dimer interfaces. They catalyse the elimination of the cytotoxic free radical superoxide to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide by alternate reduction then oxidation of the activesite with the concomitant transfer of protons from the solvent. There are many key aspects of enzymatic function that lack a structural explanation. The focus of this study is on three crystal structures. The iron-substituted manganese superoxide dismutase from Escherichia coli complexed with azide, a substrate-mimicking inhibitor, was solved to 2.2 Å. This “wrong” metal form shows a binding pattern seen previously in the manganese superoxide dismutase from Thermus thermophilus. Wild-type manganese specific superoxide dismutase from the extremophile Deinococcus radiodurans was solved to 2.0 Å and has an active site reminiscent of other solved manganese superoxide dismutases despite a lack of product inhibition. The azide-inhibited manganese superoxide dismutase from Deinococcus radiodurans was determined to a resolution of 2.0 Å and showed binding of azide, and by inference superoxide, different to that seen in Thermus thermophilus, but reminiscent of that seen in azide-inhibited iron superoxide dismutases. These results indicate that the azide ion, and by inference superoxide, bind to the metal centre of manganese superoxide dismutases in two modes, and transition between the two modes may be entropy dependent. These structures, integrated with knowledge from other structures, known biochemistry and various spectra, provide insight into catalytic function. An outer-sphere mechanism of proton transfer that does not rely on through-peptide proton uptake is proposed and compared to a previously proposed inner-sphere mechanism. This is based on the observation that a water molecule moves into the active site of the manganese superoxide dismutase from Deinococcus radiodurans upon azide binding, providing a Grötthus pathway for rapid proton transfer to the active site from the bulk solvent. Also presented in this study are the partially refined structures of four point mutants (S82T, L83M, L133V, and M164L/L166V) of the manganese superoxide dismutase from Escherichia coli all solved to roughly 2 Å resolution, designed to investigate product inhibition which varies across species.

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Libri sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Institute, New Zealand Oceanographic. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute list of publications, 1954-1986: Supplement no. 3, 1993. Wellington [N.Z.]: The Institute, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 1993.

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Lynch, B. J. (Brian John), Ayson Robert e CSIS South Asia Program, a cura di. Pacific partners: The future of U.S.-New Zealand relations : a report of the CSIS Southeast Asia program and the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2011.

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Institute of Australian Geographers. Joint conference. Inaugural Joint Conference Institute of Australian Geographers and New Zealand Geographical Society: Hobart, 1997. [Auckland]: New Zealand Geographical Society, 1997.

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McGreanor, Tim. Blue waters steady waves: The New Zealand Institute of Marine and Power Engineers 1880-1980. Auckland [N.Z.]: New Zealand Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, 2007.

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Conference, Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 1990 Annual Conference, March 1990, Rotorua, New Zealand. Parkville, Vic., Australia: Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 1990.

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Institute of Public Administration New Zealand, a cura di. Spirit of service: A history of the Institute of Public Administration New Zealand, 1936-2006. Wellington, N.Z.]: Institute of Public Administration New Zealand, 2006.

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New Zealand Geographical Society. Joint conference. Inaugural Joint Conference New Zealand Geographical Society and Institute of Australian Geographers: Auckland, January 1992. [Auckland]: New Zealand Geographical Society, 1992.

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Mayhew, Patrick. Secretary of State's speech to the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs: 27 September 1995. Belfast: Northern Ireland Information Service, 1995.

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New Zealand Institute of Food Science and Technology. Conference. Crossroads '91: Foods of the 90's : proceedings of the New Zealand Institute of Food Science and Technology Conference, Nelson, New Zealand, 15th-18th May 1991. Christchurch, N.Z: The Institute, 1991.

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Hayward, Joel S. A. A joint future?: The move to jointness and its implications for the New Zealand Defence Force : proceedings of the third annual conference hosted jointly by the New Zealand Army's Military Studies Institute and Massey University's Defence & Strategic Studies Programme : held at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 26-27 August 2000. [Palmerston North, N.Z.]: Defence & Strategic Studies Programme, Massey University, 2000.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Lim, Andrew. "Israel Institute of New Zealand". In Political Marketing and Public Diplomacy by Pro-Israel and Pro-Palestinian Advocacy Groups, 45–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15332-7_3.

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Ahmad, Aziz, Timothy N. Anderson e Saeed Ur Rehman. "Prediction of Electricity Consumption for Residential Houses in New Zealand". In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 165–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94965-9_17.

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Garner, D. M. "Studies on Physical Oceanography in the Ross Sea by the New Zealand Oceanographic Institute". In Antarctic Research: The Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial Symposium, 168–69. Washington D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm007p0168.

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Zaidi, Syeda Kanwal, Ali Abdul Adheem, Syed Faraz Hasan e Xiang Gui. "Connecting Makaraka - A Case Study to Provide Connectivity in the Rural Area of New Zealand". In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 145–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94965-9_15.

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Casey, Michelle, e Deborah Sims. "Dedicated Education Units: Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology and Canterbury District Health Board (CPIT/CDHB), New Zealand". In Clinical Learning and Teaching Innovations in Nursing, 103–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7232-8_7.

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Graham, Philip. "10. Teaching the Teachers". In Susan Isaacs, 211–30. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0297.10.

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During the 1930s, Susan and Nathan took led active social lives and took full advantage of the cultural opportunities London provided. They played a significant part in the upbringing of Karina, the daughter of Mallie, Nathan’s sister, who was an erratic, temperamental mother. Susan continued to write for teachers and, in 1932, published The Children We Teach, an inspiring book for teachers, encouraging them to give their pupils ample opportunity to appreciate the natural world around them. Her attachment to the ideas of Melanie Klein persisted and were given full rein in her second book, The Social Development of Young Children which was again based on the notes she had made at the Malting House School. In late 1932, Susan was asked by Sir Percy Nunn, the Director of the London Institute pf Education, if she would consider becoming Head of a new Department of Child Development he was proposing to establish at the Institute. After initial reluctance, on realising she would be able to continue with part-time psychoanalytic practice, Susan agreed to take up the position in 1933. Her main task was the running of an Advanced Course in Child Development. There were two major interruptions to her work, one when she suffered a period of serious illness in mid-1937 and another, shortly afterwards, when she went as part of a group to lecture on educational topics in Australia and New Zealand.

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Skegg, P. D. G. "Country Report New Zealand". In Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Deutsches, Europäisches und Internationales Medizinrecht, Gesundheitsrecht und Bioethik der Universitäten Heidelberg und Mannheim, 773–817. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57256-2_17.

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Angelo, Anthony. "Country Report New Zealand". In Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Deutsches, Europäisches und Internationales Medizinrecht, Gesundheitsrecht und Bioethik der Universitäten Heidelberg und Mannheim, 115–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57326-2_9.

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Skegg, P. D. G. "Country Report New Zealand". In Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Deutsches, Europäisches und Internationales Medizinrecht, Gesundheitsrecht und Bioethik der Universitäten Heidelberg und Mannheim, 173–202. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13177-6_10.

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Skegg, P. D. G. "NZ — Country Report New Zealand". In Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Deutsches, Europäisches und Internationales Medizinrecht, Gesundheitsrecht und Bioethik der Universitäten Heidelberg und Mannheim, 677–703. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59424-3_31.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Chang-Richards, Yan, Suzanne Wilkinson, Erica Seville e David Brundson. "Housing the Workforce Following the Canterbury Earthquakes in New Zealand". In 10th Annual Conference of the International Institute for Infrastructure Renewal and Reconstruction. Purdue University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315368.

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Cogdell, Kennon, e Patrick Reddan. "Australia/New Zealand DFMC SBAS and Navigation Message Authentication". In 31st International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2018). Institute of Navigation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2018.15933.

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Barrios, Julián, José Caro, Jesús D. Calle, Jose Gabriel Pericacho, Guillermo Fernández, Victor M. Esteban, Miguel A. Fernández et al. "Australia and New Zealand SBAS and PPP Testbed. System on Track". In 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019). Institute of Navigation, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2019.16943.

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Barrios, Juli�n, Jos� Caro, Jes�s D. Calle, Enrique Carbonell, Jos� Gabriel Pericacho, Guillermo Fern�ndez, Victor M. Esteban et al. "Update on Australia and New Zealand DFMC SBAS and PPP System Results". In 31st International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2018). Institute of Navigation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2018.15932.

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Bevinakoppa, S. "Cancer prognosis methodology for cervical cancer to be used by Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute". In ANZIIS 2001. Proceedings of the Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anziis.2001.974043.

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Skinner, Robin. "“Beware the Snufflebust, My Son!”: Clough Williams-Ellis in New Zealand, 1947-1948". In The 39th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. PLACE NAME: SAHANZ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a5042p5w9l.

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On a journey to see their New Zealand-based scientist daughter, Dr Charlotte Wallace (1919–2010), Clough Williams-Ellis (1883–1978) and Amabel Williams- Ellis (1894–1984) were initially reticent about their perceptions on New Zealand; however, this was not to last. During their visit, the Williams-Ellises travelled extensively and gave interviews. Speaking to a meeting of the New Zealand Institute Architects in Wellington, Clough was critical of the government’s state housing scheme, declaring that the houses were “just little bursts of sound, whereas they could have been linked up to make a tune.” Presumably, he was criticising the regularity of the suburban rhythm with its solitary houses siting on individual sites and a material palette that included the houses’ ubiquitous concrete tile roofs. The Assistant Director of Housing, Reginald Hammond, and the Minister of Housing, Robert Semple, were swift to react, with the minister declaring Williams-Ellis to be a “snivelling snufflebuster.” Others leapt to Williams-Ellis’ defence. The exchange was reported throughout Australasia. This paper discusses response to Williams-Ellis’ criticism in a locale where architectural visitors were rare, and where criticism from the home country was rarely welcome.

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Barrios, Juli�n, Jose Caro, Jesus D. Calle, Enrique Carbonell, Irma Rodr�guez, Miguel M. Romay, Robert Jackson, Patrick E. Reddan, Deane Bunce e Claudio Soddu. "Australian and New Zealand Second Generation Satellite Positioning Augmentation System Supporting Global SBAS Concept". In 30th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2017). Institute of Navigation, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2017.15243.

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Cuesta-Martínez, Carlos, Julián Barrios, Javier Arenas, Eric Arnal e Begoña Ochoa. "gmvBRAVE as SBAS engineering platform: application to the Australia and New Zealand SBAS Testbed". In 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019). Institute of Navigation, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2019.17090.

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Barrios, Julián, José Gabriel Pericacho, Alessandra Calabrese, Guillermo Fernández, Victor Manuel Esteban, Miguel Ángel Fernández, Fernando Bravo et al. "Australia and New Zealand SBAS and PPP Testbed: Achievements After Three Years of Service". In 33rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2020). Institute of Navigation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2020.17692.

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Riini, Denise, e Shirley Lyford. "The Emergence of Te Hihimā: A Bicultural Philospohical Framework for Nursing Education in Aotearoa New Zealand". In 2021 ITP Research Symposium. Unitec ePress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/proc.2205007.

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The crafting of Te Hihimā (woven flax cloak) o Te Tohu Paetahi Tapuhi (Bachelor of Nursing) at Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology was developed from the connectivity of the collaborative learning relationships and experiences that student nurses encounter during their educational journey. The weaving of a student’s individual Hihimā is a metaphorical representation of the development of knowledge, skills and attitudes, and protection as the student-nurse weaver integrates theory with practice, and fuses the art and science implicit within the nursing profession. The concept of Te Hihimā emerged during the journey to develop a bicultural Bachelor of Nursing curriculum within a mainstream educational institution in the Waiariki rohe, Aotearoa New Zealand. Te Tohu Paetahi Tapuhi was accredited by the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) and the Nursing Council of New Zealand (NCNZ) for teaching delivery commencing in 2015. This article will deliberate the development of the philosophy, and analyse the weaving analogy, in the development of nursing graduates who carry the professionally protective mantle of Te Hihimā to sustain them during the journey into professional practice, and beyond.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "New Zealand Institute"

Bentley-Gray, Daisy. Talanoa: Pushing Boundaries to Promote Pacific Ways of Being in Aotearoa New Zealand Tertiary Education. Unitec ePress, settembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.102.

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The survival of Pacific societies is partly attributed to the ability of Pacific ancestors to transmit stories from generation to generation through myths and legends, stories of creation, songs, oratory, art and natural environments. This paper explores the importance of the practice of Talanoa as a concept and a research tool in promoting Pacific knowledge systems and practices in tertiary education in Aotearoa New Zealand. Talanoa was utilised as the primary research method to gather narratives about how Talanoa is incorporated, from Pacific staff in various roles in tertiary education in a culturally safe and relevant way, both face to face and online. The author also conducted an online survey to gather information about how or whether Talanoa is used widely by Pacific staff in an Aotearoa New Zealand tertiary institution, Unitec New Zealand Limited, before it transitioned fully into the national institute, Te Pūkenga. The research analysed existing literature to ensure that it adds value to this repertoire of knowledge and research. The significance of recognising and acknowledging Pacific oral traditions will add value to and enhance Pacific ways of knowing and engagement in any context. The outcome of this study supports the inclusion of Talanoa as a tool that can be used successfully in tertiary education.

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Donaghey, S., S. Berman e N. Seja. More Than A War: Remembering 1914-1918. Unitec ePress, maggio 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/emed.035.

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More Than a War: Remembering 1914-1918 presents a creative juxtaposition of digital platforms—a combination of audio, video, archival images, soundscapes, and social media, among others—to tell the stories from 1914–1918 a century later. Led by Sara Donaghey, Sue Berman and Nina Seja, the transmedia project brings together staff and students from Unitec Institute of Technology’s Department of Communication Studies and Auckland Libraries to provide a unique oral contribution to recording the history of Aotearoa New Zealand in The First World War.

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Shahid, Shaouli, Brandon Lau, Jacqui Holub e Nicola O’Neil. Support along the cancer pathway for Aboriginal People. The Sax Institute, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/nscx4826.

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This Evidence Check Review, commissioned by the Cancer Institute NSW, reviewed recent evidence relating to cancer care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) peoples and Indigenous peoples from New Zealand and Canada. It aimed to identify barriers to accessing screening, diagnosis, treatment, and management; and effective approaches and interventions for improving access to and coordination of care. The review identifies a number of barriers and summarises effective approaches to improving care. It includes identified strategies and models, and presents a set of key considerations and principles that should be at the forefront of all efforts, policies and initiatives to improve cancer outcomes for ATSI Australians.

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Blakeley, John. Development of Engineering Qualifications in New Zealand: A Brief History. Unitec ePress, febbraio 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.027.

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Post 1840, New Zealand’s early engineers had mainly trained in Britain prior to emigrating. The need for educating and training young engineers was soon recognised. This was initially done by means of a young engineer working under the close supervision of an older, experienced engineer, usually in a cadetship arrangement. Correspondence courses from the British engineering institutions became available from 1897. Several technical colleges in New Zealand implemented night classes to assist students who were preparing for the associated examinations. The first School of Engineering was established at Canterbury University College in 1887. Teaching of engineering, initially within a School of Mines, commenced at Auckland University College in 1906. Engineering degrees did not become available from other universities in New Zealand until the late 1960s. The New Zealand Certificate in Engineering (NZCE) was introduced as a lower level of engineering qualification in the late 1950s and was replaced by a variety of two-year Diploma in Engineering qualifications from 2000, now consolidated together and known as the New Zealand Diploma in Engineering (NZDE) and taught at fifteen institutions throughout New Zealand from 2011. At an intermediate level, the three-year Bachelor of Engineering Technology degree qualification (BEngTech) was also introduced from 2000 and is now taught at seven institutes of technology and polytechnics, and the Auckland University of Technology.

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Dassanayake, Wajira, Gayani Hewagama e Sarah E. Kirk. Asynchronous Instructional Videos During COVID-19 Emergency Remote Teaching: Student Experiences Within a New Zealand ITP. Unitec ePress, agosto 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.088.

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The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented challenges for tertiary education institutions worldwide. The crisis placed enormous pressure on educational institutions as they were required to pivot suddenly to teaching fully online. In New Zealand, Tertiary Education Organisations (TEOs) were forced to close on Wednesday 25 March 2020 after New Zealand moved to Alert Level 4, necessitating the sudden implementation of online teaching. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of pre-recorded instructional videos in three selected courses taught by a tertiary education institution, a member of the Institutes of Technology and Polytechnics (ITPs) New Zealand.

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Kearns, Nick, e William Beale. Show me the Money: Perspectives on Applying for Government Research and Development Co-funding. Unitec ePress, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.022.

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In 2012-14 Unitec Institute of Technology (in partnership with The Innovation Workshop) carried out research into the application process for New Zealand Government Research & Development [R&D] co-funding administered by the Ministry of Science & Innovation (now Callaghan Innovation Ltd). This research revealed widespread applicant frustration with the application criteria and process. A significant problem perceived by High Value Manufacturing and Service Small Medium Enterprises (HVMS SME) businesses is the focus of R&D funding on product innovation followed by a lack of funding to support later stage commercialisation of products. This later stage of product and market development is excluded from Callaghan Innovation co-funding, leading to ‘prototypes-on-a-shelf’. Applicants also found the process time consuming, due to the complexity of the application questions and the delays in response from the funding network of regional funding partners and the Government Ministry. HVMS SME often used consultants to help manage the application, which is frowned upon by both the regional funding partners and Callaghan Innovation, despite the high levels of co-funding success from these applicants. This work has been carried out during the establishment period of Callaghan Innovation Ltd and some of the above issues may be historic and/or transitional as the institutional arrangements change. This research records the HVMS SME experience in applying for R&D co-funding. Consideration of the user experience, captured in this research, may reveal opportunities to improve the process with better outcomes for the applicants and the economy.

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Nehring, Natalia, e Simon Dacey. Formative vs Summative Quizzes as Regular Feedback on Moodle in Computer Science Courses: Which do Students Prefer? Unitec ePress, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.090.

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Deferred feedback on summative assessments can demotivate students and affect their overall learning performance, and it can change their study routines. The aim of this study is to compare and analyse students’ perceptions about summative and formative regular feedback: whether they are better motivated by being given marks, or by regular feedback without any marks. All participants were students from a Bachelor of Computer Science (BCS) degree at a New Zealand tertiary institute. Three courses were selected across three different levels of the BCS, and the sample group included 272 students from five different semesters. Summative (with marks) and formative (with feedback only) weekly quizzes were introduced in 2017, with the aim of providing early, regular feedback to students. Participants in the study were divided into two groups: students who were doing formative, and those who were doing summative quizzes. In each group, the majority of students indicated that they were happy and positive about getting regular feedback in the form of quizzes, and they appreciated the quiz questions and time spent as a way to adjust and enhance their learning. There was no real difference in students’ subjective evaluations and individual perceptions between those who had summative and those who had formative quizzes. The existence of quizzes, and the results, were important for students as weekly feedback and it didn’t matter whether marks were attached to these weekly feedback activities or not. More studies are needed to determine what type of questions could better influence students’ learning outcomes.

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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust e Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, ottobre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.

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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.

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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong e Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, agosto 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.

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Abstract (sommario):

Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.

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