Tesi sul tema "Neutrino rates"
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Chung, Jin-Hyuk. "Search for neutron oscillation and study of neutrino reaction rates using multiprong events in Soudan 2 /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2001.
Cerca il testo completoAdviser: W. Anthony Mann. Submitted to the Dept. of Physics. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-130). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
Cuha, Volkan. "Study Of Neutrino Interactions In The Chorus Experiment". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607891/index.pdf.
Testo completo9.69 times 10^{-4}. ] at 90% C.L.
Duan, Mingya. "Study of neutron-star and supernova matter with Skyrme functionals : response functions and new parametrizations". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP171.
Testo completoNeutron stars are dense objects that are produced in core collapse supernova explosions. For the modeling of the supernova and of the subsequent cooling of the neutron star, neutrino absorption, emission, and scattering rates play a crucial role. In a large part of these astrophysical systems, nuclei are completely dissolved. Then the neutrino rates can be directly related to the response functions of nuclear matter, computed at the relevant density, asymmetry, and temperature. This thesis develops first the random-phase approximation (RPA) model for the response functions with Skyrme effective interactions in asymmetric nuclear matter and finite energy transfer, and relates the neutrino scattering rate to the response functions. Then, the energy and angle dependence of neutrino scattering rates in proto-neutron star and supernova matter within Skyrme RPA are studied. Many previous Skyrme interactions predict that neutron Fermi velocity exceeds the speed of light at densities that neutron stars can reach. To solve this problem and continue the computation of neutrino rates for astrophysical simulations at high densities using Skyrme functional theory, we then explore the construction of the new Skyrme functionals. Sky1 and Sky2 are obtained by including constraints from microscopic calculations of the effective mass in addition to binding energies and charge radii of finite nuclei and different microscopic equations of state of pure neutron matter. To test whether they are suitable for describing finite nuclei and neutron star matter, we compute properties of finite nuclei and infinite nuclear matter, including neutron star matter, and present them in this thesis. Also, we consider the Skyrme interaction as a density-functional rather than a density-dependent two-body force to explore the determination of the spin-dependent terms of the new Skyrme functionals. The parameters of the spin-dependent terms are determined by fitting the Landau parameters G_0 and G’_0 in neutron matter and symmetric nuclear matter to the results of the microscopic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory. Finally, we develop the improved fitting protocol for the new Skyrme forces by adding other constraints, such as the equation of state of symmetric nuclear matter at high density, the onset of the spurious instability in the spin-0 channel, the splitting between the spin up and down nucleon effective masses in the polarized matter, obtaining better new functionals, Sky3s and Sky4s. The response functions and neutrino scattering rates of neutron-star matter can be computed with the new functionals having realistic effective masses and Landau parameters
Houdy, Thibaut. "Testing non-standard neutrino interactions from 8B solar neutrino rate measurement with Borexino to characterization of the 144Ce source of the SOX experiment". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC209/document.
Testo completoLocated in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS), Borexino measures solar neutrinos for 10 years. Among solar neutrinos, 8B continuous spectrum (up to 17 MeV) enables to test the transition zone between vacuum and matter regime of the MSW effect. This new measurement increases by one order of magnitude the exposure with respect to previous Borexino publication. To do so, the entire active volume is considered in this analysis above 5 MeV. A new background has been identified and a radial fit is done above 3 and 5 MeV enabling to extract the neutrino component. Existence of a light sterile neutrino would have important consequences on astrophysics and cosmology. SOX is the only experiment aiming at testing this hypothesis using a punctual radioactive source. A 3-5.5 PBq 144Ce source is actually under production and will be positioned under Borexino in 2018. Precise knowledge of the source is one of the main challenge of this experiment, based on rate and shape neutrino measurement. Two critical parameters are the heat released by the source for activity measurement and the expected neutrino spectrum in the detector. We first describe the SOX experiment insisting on 144Ce source production. Then, we focus on Saclay installations dedicated to constrain radioactive contamination inside the source using representative samples. Alpha, gamma and mass spectroscopy calibration and simulation are discussed and competitive constrains are derived. A status on 144Ce beta shape measurements is done as well as presentation of future measurement
Heeger, Karsten Miklas. "Model-independent measurement of the neutral-current interaction rate of solar ⁸B neutrinos with deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9774.
Testo completoSutter, Timothy Charles 1948. "Subsurface thermal neutron production rates". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276631.
Testo completoALBANI, GIORGIA. "High-rate thermal neutron gaseous detector for use at neutron spallation sources". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/158135.
Testo completoDue to the current worldwide 3He-shortage the present neutron scientists are facing the challenge of finding alternative technologies to 3He as a thermal neutron detector with a high-rate capability to profit of the high flux of modern spallation sources like European Spallation Source (ESS). The aim of the presented PhD project is the development of a high-rate thermal neutron gaseous detector for applications in spallation sources. The detector is based on the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology and is provided with a geometrically optimised "converter", as boron carbide 10B4C layers, in order to detect thermal neutrons through the 10B(n,α)7Li reaction. Four detector prototypes with different converters geometry were constructed and tested in spallation sources. The evolution of the converter technology goes with the improvement of detector performance such as efficiency (ε = 40% at λ = 4 Ang) and spatial resolution (FWHM ~ 6mm). On the base of the performance results obtained with this new technology a collaboration with ESS was established with the aim to develop a thermal neutron detector with a boron-based 3D converter, as a part of the detector system of LoKI, a SANS instrument and one of the first to be constructed.
Smith, Mark A. "A detector to measure 9Li production rate in liquid scintillator at the earth’s surface by cosmic ray muons". Diss., Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1542.
Testo completoDepartment of Physics
Glenn A. Horton-Smith
The next generation of nuclear fission reactor based neutrino experiments seeking to measure the Theta-13 mixing angle rely upon measurements made by detectors placed close to the reactor, and therefore less shielded from cosmic ray muons by the earth. 9Li production in liquid scintillator by these cosmic ray muons becomes a serious problem for these experiments that must be dealt with since the 9Li production rate is still a significant fraction of the neutrino interaction rate. This 9Li background reduces the experiment’s sensitivity to measure the Theta-13 mixing angle. This thesis discusses a small detector designed to measure the 9Li production rate in liquid scintillator at the earth’s surface by cosmic ray muons. The detector was designed, built, and finally, calibrated. The ability to find the signals necessary to actually measure the 9Li production rate is shown, establishing that this detector will be able to measure the production rate. A 90% significance level upper limit for the 9Li-like production rate, based on only 3.5 days worth of data, is reported as 213 9Li-like events per day per ton.
Tyrman, Muriel. "Vers une alternative aux aimants à base de terres rares : hexaferrites nanostructurés et alliages Mn-Al". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV022.
Testo completoIn the context of green car development for mass market, development of low cost rare-earth-free magnets is clearly a milestone, because the rare-earth are expensive and their production is not ecological and a monopoly of one country. Two routes are explored herein : nanostructuration of M-type hexaferrites by flash sintering (Spark Plasma Sintering), and the synthesis of Mn-Al-C alloys by melt spinning. Concerning the first material, the optimization of the synthesis protocol allowed to increase the coercive field by a factor of 2. Two characterization tools of the magnets were set-up : the first evaluates the texture of the material (Stoner and Wohlfarth model), the second, based on Preisach model, is used to infer the magnetization processes. For Mn-Al-C alloys, we have evidenced from Weiss plots the antiferromagnetic coupling between 1a and 1d-sites Mn atoms. Neutron diffraction confirmed this result and shown that the magnetic moment of the 1d-site Mn is also much larger than that of 1a-site. Cryogenic ball milling followed by high-pressure SPS (400 MPa) increased the coercive field by 40 %. The results obtained are very promising as to the feasibility of alternatives to rare-earth magnets
Harper, Sterling (Sterling M. ). "Calculating reaction rate derivatives in Monte Carlo neutron transport/". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106690.
Testo completoThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-64).
An operating nuclear power reactor is a complex system that is sensitive to many material parameters including densities, temperatures, and compositions. There is great interest in solving the neutron transport with Monte Carlo methods due to their extremely high fidelity, but Monte Carlo methods are too slow to run in an iterative brute-force search of the reactor parameter space. This thesis discusses the derivation, implementation, and applications of differential tallying -- a method which can be used to mitigate the computational cost of mapping out a reactor parameter space with Monte Carlo. With differential tallies, each calculation provides derivatives of tallied quantities like reactivity and fission reaction rates with respect to material density, temperature, etc. These derivatives directly provide reactivity coefficients and they can also be used to extrapolate and predict small changes in reactor parameters. Notably, a novel method is presented which uses the windowed multipole cross section representation to compute temperature derivatives due to the resolved resonance Doppler broadening effect. To demonstrate the utility of differential tallies, this thesis presents example computations of moderator density and fuel Doppler feedback coefficients in pressurized water reactor pincells. With differential tallies, the moderator and fuel Doppler coefficients can be computed 40% and 50x faster, respectively, than by brute-force methods. A calculation of pin-by-pin Doppler coefficients in an assembly is also presented in order to demonstrate that differential tallies are even more efficient for assembly calculations.
by Sterling Harper.
S.M. and S.B.
Labare, Mathieu. "Search for cosmic sources of high energy neutrinos with the AMANDA-II detector". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210183.
Testo completoSon principe de détection repose sur la mise en évidence de particules secondaires chargées émises lors de l'interaction d'un neutrino de haute énergie (> 100 GeV) avec la matière environnant le détecteur, sur base de la détection de rayonnement Cerenkov.
Ce travail est basé sur les données enregistrées par AMANDA-II entre 2000 et 2006, afin de rechercher des sources cosmiques de neutrinos.
Le signal recherché est affecté d'un bruit de fond important de muons et de neutrinos issus de l'interaction du rayonnement cosmique primaire dans l'atmosphère. En se limitant à l'observation de l'hémisphère nord, le bruit de fond des muons atmosphériques, absorbés par la Terre, est éliminé.
Par contre, les neutrinos atmosphériques forment un bruit de fond irréductible constituant la majorité des 6100 événements sélectionnés pour cette analyse.
Il est cependant possible d'identifier une source ponctuelle de neutrinos cosmiques en recherchant un excès local se détachant du bruit de fond isotrope de neutrinos atmosphériques, couplé à une sélection basée sur l'énergie, dont le spectre est différent pour les deux catégories de neutrinos.
Une approche statistique originale est développée dans le but d'optimiser le pouvoir de détection de sources ponctuelles, tout en contrôlant le taux de fausses découvertes, donc le niveau de confiance d'une observation.
Cette méthode repose uniquement sur la connaissance de l'hypothèse de bruit de fond, sans aucune hypothèse sur le modèle de production de neutrinos par les sources recherchées. De plus, elle intègre naturellement la notion de facteur d'essai rencontrée dans le cadre de test d'hypothèses multiples.La procédure a été appliquée sur l'échantillon final d'évènements récoltés par AMANDA-II.
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MANDA-II is a neutrino telescope which comprises a three dimensional array of optical sensors deployed in the South Pole glacier.
Its principle rests on the detection of the Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged secondary particles produced by the interaction of a high energy neutrino (> 100 GeV) with the matter surrounding the detector.
This work is based on data recorded by the AMANDA-II detector between 2000 and 2006 in order to search for cosmic sources of neutrinos. A potential signal must be extracted from the overwhelming background of muons and neutrinos originating from the interaction of primary cosmic rays within the atmosphere.
The observation is limited to the northern hemisphere in order to be free of the atmospheric muon background, which is stopped by the Earth. However, atmospheric neutrinos constitute an irreducible background composing the main part of the 6100 events selected for this analysis.
It is nevertheless possible to identify a point source of cosmic neutrinos by looking for a local excess breaking away from the isotropic background of atmospheric neutrinos;
This search is coupled with a selection based on the energy, whose spectrum is different from that of the atmospheric neutrino background.
An original statistical approach has been developed in order to optimize the detection of point sources, whilst controlling the false discovery rate -- hence the confidence level -- of an observation. This method is based solely on the knowledge of the background hypothesis, without any assumption on the production model of neutrinos in sought sources. Moreover, the method naturally accounts for the trial factor inherent in multiple testing.The procedure was applied on the final sample of events collected by AMANDA-II.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Geyer, Klaus [Verfasser], e Gisela [Akademischer Betreuer] Anton. "Measurements of the atmospheric muon rate with the ANTARES neutrino telescope / Klaus Geyer. Gutachter: Gisela Anton". Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076165915/34.
Testo completoPhoenix, Ben. "Synergistic and dose rate effects in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4084/.
Testo completoPeter, Karlsson. "Benchmarking fission rate simulations through comparison with neutron activation data". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-409992.
Testo completoMoreno, Guzmán Fermín. "Accretion onto Neutron Stars: Hydrodynamics and Nucleosynthesis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6594.
Testo completoIn this work we have tried, first, to study the effects of nuclear uncertainties, related to nuclear reaction rates, in the nucleosynthesis produced during a X-ray burst, and second, to simulate physical properties and associated nucleosynthesis to this kind of events, through hydrodynamical models.
In order to analyze the impact of uncertainties of the nuclear reaction rates in the nucleosynthesis, and due to the prohibitive calculation time with an hydrodinamical code, we have used a post-processing code which we have coupled, for a given set of 10 temperatures and densities profiles, an extensive nuclear reactions network formed by 606 isotopes and 3551 nuclear reactions, whose reaction rates have been modified using to alternative methods. In the first one, every rate has been individually modified, multiplying it by 0.1 and 10, calculating the final nucleosynthesis. This way, it is possible to evaluate the impact in final nucleosynthesis individual variations in the nuclear reaction rates. Also we have analyzed the effects in final nucleosynthesis by modifying the energy associated to each reaction (Q-value). In the second method, nuclear reaction rates have been modified simultaneously, multiplying each one by a random factor which follow a log-normal distribution with a probability of 95.5% of being in the interval [0.1,10]. In order to analyzed this method from an statistically point of view, the nucelosynthesis has been calculated up to 10,000 times, with a Monte Carlo code specifically built to this Thesis, for different set of random numbers. Obtained results with both methods are coincidents and show that for a network formed by 3,500 reactions approximately, only about 60 reactions have an impact in final yields greater than a factor of 2.Finally, we have used an hydrodynamical code, one-dimensional (spherically symmetric), Lagrangian and multi-shell, to which we have coupled a nuclear reactions network formed by 324 isotopes and 1392 reactions with the aim of reproduce physical parameters and nucleosynthesis produced during X-ray bursts. To do that, we have applied this code to different models, analyzing the effect of spatial resolution in the accreted shell, the metallicity of the transferred material as well as the mass of the neutron star, in the final result. For each model, we have simulated different bursts, with energies, luminosities and recurrence times coincidents with observations and, together with the nucleosynthesis, similar to the results obtained by other authors.
A mediados de los años 70, varios autores sugirieron que la acreción de material rico en hidrógeno y helio por parte de una estrella de neutrones, integrante de un sistema binario donde la masa de la estrella compañera fuese pequeña, podría explicar las erupciones termonucleares observadas por los primeros satélites lanzados al espacio para analizar la banda X del espectro electromagnético. Dicho fenómeno, conocido como erupciones de rayos X de tipo I (en inglés, type I X-ray bursts, XRB), consiste en el alud termonuclear producido por la fusión termonuclear del material acretado, en condiciones degeneradas. Este tipo de explosión termonuclear de origen estelar es el más frecuente en nuestra galaxia (y el tercero, tras las supernovas y las novas clásicas, en términos de energía total liberada), debido a su corto periodo de recurrencia. Como consecuencia del extremo campo gravitatorio de una estrella de neutrones, se cree que la nucleosíntesis producida durante este tipo de eventos no es expulsada al medio interestelar, pasando a formar parte de la corteza de la estrella.
En este trabajo hemos intentado, por un lado, estudiar los efectos de las incertidumbres de origen nuclear, asociadas a los ritmos de las reacciones nucleares, en la nucleosíntesis producida durante un X-ray burst; y por otro lado, simular las propiedades físicas y la nucleosíntesis asociada a este tipo de eventos, mediante modelos hidrodinámicos.
Para estudiar el impacto de las incertidumbres de los ritmos de las reacciones nucleares en la nucleosíntesis, y debido a que el tiempo de cálculo con un código hidrodinámico resultaría prohibitivo, hemos utilizado un código de post-procesado al que se ha acoplado, para un conjunto determinado de 10 perfiles de temperatura y densidad, una extensa red de reacciones nucleares, formada por 606 isótopos y 3551 reacciones nucleares, cuyos ritmos de reacción han sido modificados utilizando dos métodos alternativos. En el primero, cada ritmo ha sido modificado individualmente, multiplicándolo por 0.1 y 10, calculándose la nucleosíntesis final. De esta manera, puede evaluarse el impacto que tienen en las abundancias finales las variaciones individuales de los ritmos de las reacciones nucleares.
Así mismo, también se ha analizado el efecto que produce en las abundancias finales el hecho de modificar la energía asociada a cada reacción (Q-value). En el segundo método, los ritmos nucleares se han modificado simultáneamente, multiplicando cada uno de ellos por un factor aleatorio según una distribución log-normal, y cuya probabilidad de encontrarse en el intervalo [0.1,10] es del 95,5%. Para poder hacer una estimación estadística de este último método, se ha calculado la nucleosíntesis hasta 10.000 veces, con un código Monte Carlo específicamente construido para esta Tesis, para diferentes conjuntos de números aleatorios. Los resultados obtenidos con ambos métodos son coincidentes y demuestran que, para una red formada por unas 3500 reacciones nucleares, sólo unas 60 reacciones tienen un impacto en las abundancias finales mayor que un factor 2.
Por último, hemos utilizado un código hidrodinámico, unidimensional (en simetría esférica), Lagrangiano y multicapa, al que se ha acoplado una red de reacciones nucleares formada por 324 isótopos y 1392 reacciones nucleares, con el objetivo de reproducir los parámetros físicos y la nucleosíntesis producida en los X-ray bursts. Para ello, hemos aplicado este código a diferentes modelos, analizando el efecto de la resolución espacial de la capa acretada, la metalicidad del material transferido, así como la masa de la estrella de neutrones, en el resultado final. Para cada modelo, hemos simulado diferentes erupciones, con energías, luminosidades, y periodos de recurrencia, coincidentes con las observaciones y, junto con la nucleosíntesis, similares a los resultados obtenidos por otros autores.
Wooten, Hasani Omar. "Time-Dependent Neutron and Photon Dose-Field Analysis". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7153.
Testo completoKlimek, Iwona. "Modelling and Measurements of MAST Neutron Emission". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-282122.
Testo completoChen, Yong. "Delayed neutron emission measurements for U-235 and Pu-239". Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1134.
Testo completoLopes, Laércio. "Étude théorique des composés de terres rares anormales : réseau kondo et diffusion de neutrons". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112117.
Testo completoThis dissertation presents theoretical results on the Kendo lattice and neutron scattering in anomalous rare-earth systems. Beth mixed valence and Kendo systems are considered. After an introductory first chapter, the Kendo lattice problem is discussed in the second. In "Kendo compounds" at low temperatures, there exists an effective competition between the single-site Kendo effect tending to compensate the magnetic moment, and the opposite effect of the indirect Rudermann-Kittel interaction tending to order the magnetic moments. We have studied the "Kendo lattice" at T = 0 within the renormalization group method, after introducing a new term that describes "delocalized Kendo effect" in a lattice. The ground state is found to be either magnetic or non-magnetic, depending on the relevant parameters, in good agreement with experiments. The third and fourth chapters are devoted to a theoretical study of the neutron spectra. In the former, we develop a uniform spin fluctuation model, which is expected to be valid for mixed-valence systems, and also for Kendo systems well below the Kendo temperature. We calculate both the halfwidth of the quasi-elastic neutron line and the NMR relaxation rate in the same model, and apply the results to the compounds CeAl₂ and CeCu₂Si₂. In the fourth chapter, we use the single-impurity Kendo model of Coqblin and Schrieffer and the memory function formalism for describing both the quasi-elastic and inelastic peaks in the Kondo compounds, which show an important crystalline electric field effect. This theoretical model satisfactorily accounts for the neutronspectra of compounds like CeMg₃
Shakshak, Bashir I. O. "The measurements of neutron and gamma dose rates in mixed radiation fields, using a liquid scintillation counter". Thesis, Aston University, 1989. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8071/.
Testo completoSoriano, Stéphane. "Ordre magnétique et phénomènes de couplage dans les films et superréseaux à base de terres rares légères". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL099N.
Testo completoReisi, Fard Mehdi. "The development of a high count rate neutron flux monitoring channel using silicon carbide semiconductor radiation detectors". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1149088480.
Testo completoHjalmarsson, Anders. "Development and Construction of a 2.5-MeV Neutron Time-of-Flight Spectrometer Optimized for Rate (TOFOR)". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7198.
Testo completoDumesnil, Karine. "Couplage magnétique et effets magnétostrictifs dans des films épitaxies et super-réseaux à base de terres rares". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1995_DUMESNIL_K.pdf.
Testo completoHeine, Marcel [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Aumann e Norbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Pietralla. "Measurement of (n,γ)-Rates of Light Neutron-Rich Nuclei for the r-Process Nucleosynthesis / Marcel Heine. Betreuer: Thomas Aumann ; Norbert Pietralla". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1110980671/34.
Testo completoMayer, Charlotte. "Nouveaux matériaux magnétocaloriques à base de terres rares pour la réfrigération magnétique". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649399.
Testo completoKhorsandi, Behrooz. "Modeling of displacement damage in silicon carbide detectors resulting from neutron irradiation". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1173103438.
Testo completoDönsdorf, Esther Miriam [Verfasser]. "Development of a Phoswich Detector for Neutron Dose Rate Measurements in the Earth's Atmosphere / Esther Miriam Dönsdorf". Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1050977114/34.
Testo completoZeman, Miroslav. "Experimentální studium pole neutronů v podkritickém urychlovačem řízeném jaderném reaktoru". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414161.
Testo completoCharrier, Benoît. "Propriétés magnétiques de quasicristaux à base de terres rares". Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0060.
Testo completoGiacomelli, Luca. "Development of Neutron Emission Spectroscopy Instrumentation for Deuterium and Deuterium-Tritium Fusion Plasmas at JET". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8199.
Testo completoRaha, Nandita. "MEASUREMENT OF THE dμd QUARTET-TO-DOUBLET MOLECULAR FORMATION RATE RATIO (λq : λd) AND THE μd HYPERFINE RATE (λqd) USING THE FUSION NEUTRONS FROM μ− STOPS IN D2 GAS". UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/physastron_etds/31.
Testo completoTencé, Sophie Marie-Hélène. "Propriétés et structures d’hydrures et de composés magnétocaloriques à base de terres rares". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13834/document.
Testo completoMagnetic structures of two families of compounds are determined and discussed : (i) those of the hydrides RTXH (R = Rare earth, T = transition metal and X = Si, Ge) crystallizing in the ZrCuSiAs-type structure and obtained by hydrogen insertion in the intermetallics adopting the tetragonal CeFeSi-type structure. Hydrogenation induces various magnetic transitions governed by the competition between the anisotropic unit cell expansion linked to hydrogen absorption and the occurrence of the R-H chemical bonding ; (ii) those of the ternary silicides R6T1.67Si3 (R = Ce, Nd, Gd, Tb and T = Co, Ni) which show significant magnetocaloric properties around their Curie temperature, especially those based on gadolinium Gd6T1.67Si3. The compounds based on Ce, Nd and Tb present original magnetic behaviors which are explained by their magnetic structures determination. The origin of these complex properties results especially from the presence of two magnetic sites for R and from an atomic disorder of the T element in the crystallographic structure
Albalat, Emmanuelle. "Fractionnement isotopique de l'Erbium et de l'Ytterbium dans le système Terre-Lune". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00780334.
Testo completoCratere, Angela. "Prospects for future observations of off-axis short gamma-ray burst jets associated with binary neutron star mergers". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Cerca il testo completoTence, Sophie. "Propriétés et structures magnétiques d'hydrures et de composés magnétocaloriques à base de terres rares". Phd thesis, Université Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656674.
Testo completoCoroian, Natalia. "Propriétés structurales et magnétiques de composés intermétalliques à base des terres rares, cobalt et silicium". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10049.
Testo completoThe Si for Co substitution in the RCo5 intermetallic compounds induces important modifications of the magnetic and crystal properties of this series of compounds. The solubility limit of Si in RCo5 is temperature dependent. All the compounds have a CaCu5 type structure, but no Co-Co dumbbells are needed for the stabilization of this structure. The Si atoms are localized exclusively at the 3g crystallographic sites in all the compounds, regardless of the substitution percentage or of the R atom nature. This site has the particularity of having the maximum R atoms in the first vicinity. The c lattice parameter decreases upon Si/Co substitution. In some of the heavy rare earth compounds (TbCo5-xSix, HoCo5-xSix) crystal symmetry change was observed. The symmetry lowers from hexagonal to orthorhombic with the reduction of the temperature. The symmetry change is due to the small displacement, along [210]hexa crystallographic direction, of the Co2c atoms to positions closer to the R atoms. This phenomenon is related to the particular alignment of the magnetic moments in the (a, b) plane. The Si/Co substitution has an important influence both on the itinerant magnetism of Co and on the localized one of R. The Tc and µCo decrease fast upon Si substitution. These modifications are due to the reduction of the exchange field and to the 3d(Co)-3p(Si) hybridization. Combining different magnetisation measurement with neutron diffraction the magnetic phase diagrams were elaborated for the RCo5-xSix systems
Coroian, Natalia. "Propriétés structurales et magnétiques de composés intermétalliques à base des terres rares, cobalt et silicium". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00290108.
Testo completoLa limite de solubilité de Si dans RCo5 est dépendante de la température. Tous les composés RCo5-xSix étudiés ont une structure de type CaCu5 à haute température. Ils n'ont pas besoins des paires Co-Co pour stabiliser leur structure. Les atomes de Si sont localisés exclusivement sur le site cristallographique 3g dans tous les composés étudiés, quel que soit le taux de substitution ou la nature de la terre rare. Ce site a la particularité d'avoir un nombre maximal d'atomes R voisins. Le paramètre de maille c diminue avec l'augmentation du taux de substitution Si/Co.
Dans quelques composés avec terre rare lourds un changement de symétrie est observé : la symétrie diminué de hexagonale à orthorhombique avec la réduction de la température. Ce changement de symétrie est induit par un léger déplacement, selon la direction cristallographique [210]hexa, des atomes Co2c vers des positions plus proches des atomes R. Ce déplacement est relié à l'alignement particulier des moments magnétiques dans le plan (a, b).
La substitution Si/Co a une influence importante sur le magnétisme itinérant de Co et sur le magnétisme localisé de R. La température d'ordre et le moment magnétique de cobalt diminuent rapidement avec la substitution. Ces modifications sont induites par la réduction du champ d'échange et l'hybridation 3d(Co)-3p(Si). En combinant différents types de mesures magnétiques avec la diffraction des neutrons, des diagrammes de phases magnétiques des RCo5-xSix ont été élaborés.
Bouchet, Laurent. "Observations avec le téléscope SIGMA des candidats trous noirs, sources de rayonnement Gamma". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30267.
Testo completoPlante, Ianik. "Développement de codes de simulation Monte-Carlo de la radiolyse de l'eau par des électrons, ions lourds, photons et neutrons applications à divers sujets d'intérêt expérimental". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4292.
Testo completoIjjaali, Ismaïl. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés structurales et magnétiques de siliciures et germaniures ternaires RTX, RTX2 et RT2X2 (R = La et lanthanoïdes ; T = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co)". Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10253.
Testo completoThis thesis reports on the structural and magnetic properties of ternary RTX, RTX2 and RT2X2 (R = Lanthanides; T = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co ; X = Si, Ge) isotypic with CeFeSi or TiNiSi, LaMnSi2 and ThCr2Si2, respectively. The accurate determination of the atomic coordinates in the CeFeSi-type RTX compounds by X-ray single crystal analysis allows us to specify the crystal-chemistry of these materials. We thus shown that the structural transition "CeFeSi-TiNiSi" results from the interplay of geometrical (R element size) and electronic (R-T interactions) effects. The development devoted to the CeFeSi and ThCr2Si2- type solid solutions led us to the deterrnination of the magnetic phase diagrams of the systems La1-xYxMnSi and La1-xYxMn2Si2. We thus could specify the influence of the geometrical (dMn-Mn intraplane) and electronic factor (dMn-Si) on the magnetic behavior of manganese in these compounds characterized by manganese square planes. The magnetic study of the RMnX compounds with TiNiSi structure enabled us to extend our analysis to the other structural arrangements (infinite chains) of the manganese sublattice. Moreover, the evidence during this work of new high temperature TiNiSi-type structure form for ThMnSi and NdMnGe compounds, previously reported as isotypic of CeFeSi, allows us to compare the magnetic behavior of manganese sublattice in these two structural types for given R and T atoms. [. . . ]
Nunes, Beatriz Guimarães. "Determinação experimental de razões espectrais e do espectro de energia dos nêutrons no combustível do reator nuclear IPEN/MB-01". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85133/tde-03042012-111010/.
Testo completoThis study aims to determine the spectral ratios and the neutron energy spectrum inside the fuel of IPEN/MB-01 Nuclear Reactor. These parameters are of great importance to accurately determine spectral physical parameters of nuclear reactors like reaction rates, fuel lifetime and also security parameters such as reactivity. For the experiment, activation detectors in the form of thin metal foils were introduced in a collapsible fuel rod. Then the rod was placed in the central position of the core which has a standart rectangular configuration of 26x28 fuel rods. There were used activation detectors from different elements such Au-197, U-238, Sc-45, Ni-58, Mg-24, Ti-47 and In-115 to cover a large range of the neutrons energy spectrum. After the irradiation, the activation detectors were submitted to gamma spectrometry using a counting system with high purity Germanium, to obtain the reaction rates (saturation activity) per target nucleus. The spectral ratios were compared with calculated values obtained by the Monte Carlo method using the MCNP-4C code. The neutron energy spectrum was obtained inside the fuel rod using the SANDBP code with an input spectrum obtained by the MCNP-4C code, based on the saturation activity per target nucleus values of the activation detectors irradiated.
Santos, Diogo Feliciano dos. "Caracterização dos campos neutrônicos obtidos por meio de armadilhas de nêutrons a partir da utilização de água pesada (D2O) no interior do núcleo do reator nuclear IPEN/MB-01". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85133/tde-22052015-135739/.
Testo completoThe experiments performed and presented in this thesis results in the neutronic characterization of the core with cylindrical configuration with 30 fuel rods diameter and a space, created by the removal of 16 central rods, filled with light water (H2O) or heavy water (D2O) in the IPEN/MB-01 nuclear research reactor. In these cores were performed experiments of nuclear channels correlation, control rod worth and irradiation of activation detectors of various materials in foils shapes, whose energy performances cover much of the reactor core neutron spectrum, to obtain nuclear parameters, such as, reactivity excesses, total reactivities, saturated activities per target nucleus, spectral ratios, cadmium ratios and multigroup neutron flux. Activation gold wires detectors were irradiated in radial part to obtain the spatial forms of thermal and epithermal neutron fluxes. The results show the spectral characteristics of this new configuration with the space of 16 fuel rods filled with the two moderator materials. In the space with light water there was a significant increase of 294% of the thermal neutron flux compared to standard rectangular configuration of 28×26 fuel rods. With heavy water the system reactivity was increased, more ρ = (783 ± 54) pcm in excess reactivity than in the light water configuration. The calculated results were simulated in computational codes MCNP5, SANDBP and CITATION, where accurate and precise results were obtained for saturated activities per target nucleus, the energy and spatial distributions of the neutron fluxes for the active part and part of the reflector and the direct comparisons of cross sections between the experimental and calculated spectral ratios.
Zeman, Miroslav. "Experimentální výzkum urychlovačem řízených jaderných reaktorů pro thoriovou jadernou energetiku". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221267.
Testo completoMayot, Hervé. "Contribution à l'étude cristallographique et magnétique de composés intermétalliques R–Co–B et R–Fe–B (R ≡ élément de terres rares)". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10229.
Testo completoWe studied the relationship between crystallographic and magnetic properties in R-M-B intermetallic phases where R is a rare earth element, yttrium or thorium and M a 3d transition metal. The presence of boron in the transition metal atomic environment dramatically modifies the magnetic properties both at macroscopic and microscopic scales. Through this experimental work, we investigated the magnetic properties of YCo4B compound, the reference compound of the Rn+mCo3n+5mB2n family, and some RCo4-xFexB. The original magnetocrystalline anisotropy of YCo4B presents both a spin reorientation and a first order magnetisation process. It also presents a great sensitivity to an applied pressure. Using neutron diffraction, we demonstrated that the iron for cobalt substitution in RCo4B compound give rise to a preferential substitution scheme. Combining these results to those of different magnetic measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopies, we determined the contributions of each crystallographic sites of transition metals to the macroscopic magnetic properties. We studied the Y1-xThxCo4B solid solution and shown the appearance of preferential thorium for yttrium substitution on one of the R crystallographic sites. These two R elements are not magnetic but the magnetic properties however drastically depend on the thorium / yttrium ratio. Through comparison to magnetic measurements under pressure, we could demonstrate that these differences originates mostly from the difference of electronic configuration between both elements and not only from structural evolution caused by the substitution. New compounds of formulae R3Co13B2 and R5Co19B6 had been recently discovered among the Rn+mCo3n+5mB2n structural family. We present studies of the synthesis conditions and the magnetic structures of some of these new phases. In particular, the Pr5Co19B6 compound presents magnetic anomalies interpreted as a spin reorientation transition occuring at low temperature. We present results of X rays absorption on selected compositions of the CeCo12-xFexB6 solid solution. In this structure, one can observe an intermediate valence state for cerium which is sensitive to the iron content. To finish, we studied the synthesis conditions of the Nd2Fe23B3 and Y3Fe62B14 metastable phases. These original structures show numerous atomic environments for iron giving rise to interesting magnetic properties. We observed unusual evolution of their magnetic properties between amorphous and crystalline state of these alloys
Mayot, Hervé. "Contribution à l'étude cristallographique et magnétique de composés intermétalliques R–Co–B et R–Fe–B (R ≡ élément de terres rares)". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00399675.
Testo completoNous apportons une contribution à l'étude des propriétés magnétiques particulières du composé YCo4B, composé modèle et de référence de la famille Rn+mCo3n+5mB2n. L'anisotropie magnétocristalline originale de ce composé est caractérisée à la fois par une réorientation de spin et un processus d'aimantation du premier ordre. Elle s'avère également fort sensible à la pression comme l'ont montré nos mesures magnétiques. La substitution du fer au cobalt dans les composés RCo4B est possible et donne lieu à un schéma préférentiel comme l'illustre nos mesures de diffraction des neutrons. En combinant ces résultats à des mesures magnétiques diverses et de spectroscopie Mössbauer, les propriétés magnétiques de chaque site cristallographique de métaux de transition 3d ont pu être particularisées.
Nous avons étudié la solution solide Y1-xThxCo4B et montré l'existence d'une substitution préférentielle du thorium à l'yttrium sur un site cristallographique. Ces deux éléments R non magnétiques ont des effets différents sur les propriétés magnétique des composés. Par comparaison à des études magnétiques sous pression, il a été possible de montrer que ces différences sont principalement dues aux différences de configuration électronique entre le thorium et l'yttrium et peu aux évolutions structurales induites par la substitution.
De nouveaux composés de la famille structurale Rn+mCo3n+5mB2n ont été mis à jour récemment. Nous présentons des études des conditions de synthèses et des structures magnétiques de quelques phases R3Co13B2 et R5Co19B6. Le composé Pr5Co19B6 présente notamment des anomalies magnétiques interprétables comme une réorientation de spin à basse température.
Nous présentons des résultats d'absorption des rayons X réalisés sur plusieurs compositions de la solution solide CeCo12-xFexB6. Dans cette structure, le cérium présente un état de valence intermédiaire qui évolue notablement en fonction de la teneur en fer.
Enfin, nous avons précisé les conditions de synthèse de phases métastables Nd2Fe23B3 et Y3Fe62B14, très riches en fer. Ces structures originales présentent de nombreux types d'environnements atomiques du fer ce qui en fait des composés aux propriétés magnétiques intéressantes. Nous avons notamment montré les évolutions inhabituelles de ces propriétés magnétiques entre les états amorphe et cristallisé de ces alliages.
Lavaud, Cyril. "Traitement d'effluents aqueux par complexation en milieu micellaire et précipitation par voie sol-gel". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023177.
Testo completoButarbutar, Sofia Loren. "Monte Carlo simulation of the radiolysis of water by fast neutrons at elevated temperatures up to 350°C". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5887.
Testo completoHudelot, Jean-Pascal. "Développement, amélioration et calibration des mesures de taux de réaction neutroniques : élaboration d'une base de techniques standards". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10076.
Testo completoBOURLEGAT, FERNANDA M. LE. "Disponibilidade de metais em amostras de fosfogesso e fertilizantes fosfatados utilizados na agricultura". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9582.
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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP