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Bibliografie tematiche / Neuronal discrimination

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Neuronal discrimination"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 21 dicembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Neuronal discrimination"

1

Deng, Yingchun, Peter Williams, Feng Liu, and Jianfeng Feng. "Neuronal discrimination capacity." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 36, no. 50 (2003): 12379–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/36/50/003.

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2

Boynton, Geoffrey M., Jonathan B. Demb, Gary H. Glover, and David J. Heeger. "Neuronal basis of contrast discrimination." Vision Research 39, no. 2 (1999): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00113-8.

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3

Heeger, D. J. "Neuronal correlates of contrast detection and discrimination." Journal of Vision 2, no. 10 (2002): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/2.10.13.

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4

Spitzer, H., R. Desimone, and J. Moran. "Increased attention enhances both behavioral and neuronal performance." Science 240, no. 4850 (1988): 338–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3353728.

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Single cells were recorded from cortical area V4 of two rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) trained on a visual discrimination task with two levels of difficulty. Behavioral evidence indicated that the monkeys' discriminative abilities improved when the task was made more difficult. Correspondingly, neuronal responses to stimuli became larger and more selective in the difficult task. A control experiment demonstrated that changes in general arousal could not account for the effects of task difficulty on neuronal responses. It is concluded that increasing the amount of attention directed toward a stimulus can enhance the responsiveness and selectivity of the neurons that process it.

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5

Li, Wu, Peter Thier, and Christian Wehrhahn. "Contextual Influence on Orientation Discrimination of Humans and Responses of Neurons in V1 of Alert Monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 83, no. 2 (2000): 941–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.941.

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We studied the effects of various patterns as contextual stimuli on human orientation discrimination, and on responses of neurons in V1 of alert monkeys. When a target line is presented along with various contextual stimuli (masks), human orientation discrimination is impaired. For most V1 neurons, responses elicited by a line in the receptive field (RF) center are suppressed by these contextual patterns. Orientation discrimination thresholds of human observers are elevated slightly when the target line is surrounded by orthogonal lines. For randomly oriented lines, thresholds are elevated further and even more so for lines parallel to the target. Correspondingly, responses of most V1 neurons to a line are suppressed. Although contextual lines inhibit the amplitude of orientation tuning functions of most V1 neurons, they do not systematically alter the tuning width. Elevation of human orientation discrimination thresholds decreases with increasing curvature of masking lines, so does the inhibition of V1 neuronal responses. A mask made of straight lines yields the strongest interference with human orientation discrimination and produces the strongest suppression of neuronal responses. Elevation of human orientation discrimination thresholds is highest when a mask covers only the immediate vicinity of the target line. Increasing the masking area results in less interference. On the contrary, suppression of neuronal responses in V1 increases with increasing mask size. Our data imply that contextual interference observed in human orientation discrimination is in part directly related to contextual inhibition of neuronal activity in V1. However, the finding that interference with orientation discrimination is weaker for larger masks suggests a figure-ground segregation process that is not located in V1.

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6

Adibi, Mehdi, and Ehsan Arabzadeh. "A Comparison of Neuronal and Behavioral Detection and Discrimination Performances in Rat Whisker System." Journal of Neurophysiology 105, no. 1 (2011): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00794.2010.

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Abstract (sommario):

We used the rat whisker touch as a model system to investigate the correlation between the response function of cortical neurons and the behavior of rats in a sensory detection versus discrimination task. The rat whisker–barrel system is structurally well characterized and represents one of the main channels through which rodents collect information about the environment. In experiment 1, we recorded neuronal activity ( n = 235) in the whisker area of the rat somatosensory cortex in anesthetized rats while applying vibrotactile stimuli of varying amplitudes to the whiskers. Neurons showed a characteristic sigmoidal input–output function, with an accelerating nonlinearity at low stimulus amplitudes and a compressive nonlinearity at high stimulus amplitudes. We further quantified the performance of individual neurons for stimulus detection and for discrimination across different stimulus pairs with identical amplitude differences. For near-threshold stimuli, the neuronal discrimination performance surpassed the detection performance despite the fact that detection and discrimination represented identical amplitude differences. This is consistent with the accelerating nonlinearity observed at low stimulus intensities. In the second stage of the experiment, four rats were trained to select the higher-amplitude stimulus between two vibrations applied to their whiskers. Similar to neuronal results, the rats' performance was better for the discrimination task compared with the detection task. The behavioral performance followed the same trend as that of the population of individual neurons. Both behavioral and neuronal data are consistent with the “pedestal effect” previously reported in human psychophysics.

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7

Matsumora, Takehiro, Kowa Koida, and Hidehiko Komatsu. "Relationship Between Color Discrimination and Neural Responses in the Inferior Temporal Cortex of the Monkey." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 6 (2008): 3361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90551.2008.

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Abstract (sommario):

Earlier studies suggest that the inferior temporal (IT) cortex of the monkey plays a key role in color discrimination. Here, we examined the quantitative relationship between color judgment in monkeys and the responses of color-selective neurons in the anterior part of the IT cortex (area TE) by comparing neuronal activity and behavior recorded simultaneously while the monkeys performed a color-judgment task. We first compared the abilities of single neurons and monkeys to discriminate color. To calculate a neuron's ability to discriminate color, we computed a neurometric function using receiver-operating-characteristics analysis. We then compared the neural and behavioral thresholds for color discrimination and found that, in general, the neural threshold was higher than the behavioral threshold, although occasionally the reverse was true. Variation in the neural threshold across the color space corresponded well with that of the behavioral threshold. We then calculated the choice probability (CP), which is a measure of the correlation between the trial-to-trial fluctuations in neuronal responses and the monkeys' color judgment. On average, CPs were slightly but significantly greater than 0.5, indicating the activities of these TE neurons correlate positively with the monkeys' color judgment. This suggests that individual color-selective TE neurons only weakly contribute to color discrimination and that a large population of color-selective TE neurons contribute to the performance of color discrimination.

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8

Orban, Guy A., and Rufin Vogels. "The neuronal machinery involved in successive orientation discrimination." Progress in Neurobiology 55, no. 2 (1998): 117–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00010-0.

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9

Arabzadeh, Ehsan, Colin W. G. Clifford, Justin A. Harris, David A. Mahns, Vaughan G. Macefield, and Ingvars Birznieks. "Single tactile afferents outperform human subjects in a vibrotactile intensity discrimination task." Journal of Neurophysiology 112, no. 10 (2014): 2382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00482.2014.

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Abstract (sommario):

We simultaneously compared the sensitivity of single primary afferent neurons supplying the glabrous skin of the hand and the psychophysical amplitude discrimination thresholds in human subjects for a set of vibrotactile stimuli delivered to the receptive field. All recorded afferents had a dynamic range narrower than the range of amplitudes across which the subjects could discriminate. However, when the vibration amplitude was chosen to be within the steepest part of the afferent's stimulus-response function the response of single afferents, defined as the spike count over the vibration duration (500 ms), was often more sensitive in discriminating vibration amplitude than the perceptual judgment of the participants. We quantified how the neuronal performance depended on the integration window: for short windows the neuronal performance was inferior to the performance of the subject. The neuronal performance progressively improved with increasing spike count duration and reached a level significantly above that of the subjects when the integration window was 250 ms or longer. The superiority in performance of individual neurons over observers could reflect a nonoptimal integration window or be due to the presence of noise between the sensory periphery and the cortical decision stage. Additionally, it could indicate that the range of perceptual sensitivity comes at the cost of discrimination through pooling across neurons with different response functions.

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10

Smith, Jackson E. T., and Andrew J. Parker. "Correlated structure of neuronal firing in macaque visual cortex limits information for binocular depth discrimination." Journal of Neurophysiology 126, no. 1 (2021): 275–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00667.2020.

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Abstract (sommario):

Correlated noise reduces the stimulus information in visual cortical neurons during experimental performance of binocular depth discriminations. The temporal scale of these correlations is important. Rapid (20–30 ms) correlations reduce information within and between areas V1 and V4, whereas slow (>100 ms) correlations between areas do not. Separate cortical areas appear to act together to maintain signal fidelity. Rapid correlations reduce the neuronal signal difference between stimuli and adversely affect perceptual discrimination.

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