Articoli di riviste: "National Committee on Nature Education"

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Dirgantari, Made Yandi. "Effectiveness of Bali Government's Policy in Continuous Giving of Grants to The Bali Sports Committee". AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam 5, n. 2 (29 settembre 2023): 1709–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i2.3589.

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The provision of continuous grants to the Indonesian National Sports Committee (KONI) Bali amounted 39 billion rupiahs a year, considered ineffective, considering that there are still cases of theft of these grants. Examining more deeply the level of effectiveness of grant funding is an important thing to do, especially in the Province of Bali which is one of the areas that is often used as the organizer of sporting events. This research is an empirical research that is descriptive in nature with an empirical legal approach. This research took place in KONI Bali and Office of Education, Youth and Sports (Disdikpora). The data used in this study consisted of primary and secondary data obtained through documentation, observation and interviews. Data then being analyzed using qualitative descriptive method Results indicate that provision of grants to KONI Bali has met the principle of effectiveness, in accordance with Disdikpora Bali which states that value of the grants given shows a significant increase in athlete achievement at the national and international tournament. Obstacles found in terms of communication, resources and bureaucracy. The provision of grants made by the regional government to KONI Bali complies with the provisions of Law 11 of 2022, Permendagri 77 of 2020 and Pergub Bali No 3 of 2019.

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Said, Mohd Zulhafiz, Ibrahim Komoo, Edy Tonnizam Mohamad, Ali Ali, Norhayati Ahmad, Mohd Effendy Abd. Wahid e Mohd Fauzi Rajimin. "Geological, Biological, Cultural And Local Wisdom Heritage A Key Element Of Mersing Geopark Development". Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 71 (31 maggio 2021): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm71202108.

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The district of Mersing is bestowed with many national and international geological heritage sites dated since 350 million years ago. The high biodiversity and uniqueness of the local culture complements the geoheritage of the area. Thus, the National Geopark Committee has chosen Mersing as a territory to be developed as a geopark. Mersing Geopark development efforts were initiated in 2017 through the Mersing Geopark Scientific and Development Committee. The entire Mersing district of 6,371 square kilometers, including the marine areas right up to the Aur Archipelago is identified as the geopark area. The geoheritage here has been identified as 22 geosites, which cover land and island areas. Important flora and fauna have also been identified as being within the protected areas. The unique and preserved traditions of life, art and culture add to the value of this geopark. Several key elements were introduced to prepare Mersing Geopark before being evaluated as a national geopark candidate in December 2018, namely governance of the geopark - management based on ‘co-management’ mechanism, nature conservation – community, community economy through geotourism activities, and public education. Many programmes and activities have been carried out to face future plans for Mersing to become a UNESCO Global Geopark. Geopark enhances natural and cultural heritage resources through integrated development, geotourism development to increase income, preservation of heritage sites and empowerment of local communities to foster a strong sense of pride and belonging to a place.

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Bate, Elizabeth. "Justifying music in the national curriculum: The habit concept and the question of social justice and academic rigour". British Journal of Music Education 37, n. 1 (13 giugno 2018): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051718000098.

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AbstractIn June 2015, the British government presented ‘the social justice case for an academic curriculum’ as the justification for recent radical changes to educational policy. However, this justification failed to account for both the key changes in the newly-revised National Curriculum for Music and the place of music in the National Curriculum as a whole.Through a critical evaluation of the National Curriculum for Music, this study will propose how the place of music could successfully be justified within an education system wholly committed to ‘social justice’. Using the ‘habit concept’ of classical philosophical pragmatism, it will assess how and why music's educational value should be understood not through its ‘academic rigour’ but through its distinctive, inherently destabilising nature.

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Vikhryan, A. P., e M. V. Fedorov. "Anti-corruption education as a factor of social security". RUDN Journal of Sociology 20, n. 4 (15 dicembre 2020): 967–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-4-967-976.

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The article considers an urgent scientific issue with a clear practical orientation and related to the anti-corruption education of the youth, which is defined as an important factor of social (public) security as an integral part of national security. The authors define anti-corruption education as a specific type of social activity of the authorities and civil society institutions, which aims at raising public awareness of the nature of corruption as a negative social phenomenon, of legal and social mechanisms to combat it, and at developing the anti-corruption worldview as an element of social immunity. There is a significant number of publications on the anti-corruption education, especially of the youth. They consider various aspects of this type of social activity, analyze its implementation, assess its efficiency, show the role of law enforcement agencies in the anti-corruption education of the youth, etc. However, representatives of the scientific-expert community have not yet considered the anti-corruption education in the perspective that the authors suggest. The authors, as members of the National Committee for Public Control, an interregional public organization promoting the implementation of anti-corruption programs, interpret anti-corruption education as a serious factor of social security, as an important tool for preventing radicalization of the youth consciousness. It is the radicalization that nourishes extremism and terrorism which are real threats to social (public) security. The article provides some recommendations for developing legislation of anti-corruption education. The authors believe that public authorities and civil society institutions should more actively (and not formally) involve the student youth in anti-corruption education and use the scientific-creative potential of the younger generation.

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Fakhri, Jamal. "Implementasi Excellent Service di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung". Al-Tadzkiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 8, n. 2 (17 novembre 2017): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/atjpi.v8i2.2132.

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This study aims to analyze the ability of MAN 1 in implementing an excellent service in the field of education. Data is collected through (i) interviews, using interview guides in the form of detailed data on questions to be given to the principal, head of administration, administrative staff, curriculum waka, student affairs, infrastructure, community relations, treasurer committee, treasurer expenses, students and librarians. (ii) observation, namely non passive participants. Researchers did not interfere with the school administration's activities as a whole. (iii) Documentary studies, namely methods for finding data through things such as notes, interviews, photographs of administrative activities at school. The results of the documentation study are used as evidence that researchers have carried out research in the field of observation and documentation study. While the results of this study are: The program for improving the quality of education in MAN 1 in general is in accordance with the eight National Education Standards (SNP). Educational quality improvement programs have been formulated even though they are still global in nature.

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Xavier, José C., Dragomir Mateev, Linda Capper, Annick Wilmotte e David W. H. Walton. "Education and outreach by the Antarctic Treaty Parties, Observers and Experts under the framework of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings". Polar Record 55, n. 4 (18 dicembre 2018): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224741800044x.

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AbstractThe development of formal discourse about education and outreach within the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings (ATCM), and the influence of major international activities in this field, are described. This study reflects on the ATCM Parties’ approach to implementing the ambition of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty Article 6.1.a, to promote the educational value of Antarctica and its environment, and examines the role of workshops and expert groups within the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programmes. These early initiatives, which emerged in the 1990s, were a prelude to the development and implementation of a large number of International Polar Year (IPY) education and outreach programmes. The establishment of an Antarctic Treaty System Intersessional Contact Group, and an online forum on education and outreach during the 2015 ATCM in Bulgaria, is a legacy of IPY and is the next step in fostering collaboration to engage people around the world in the importance and relevance of Antarctica to our daily lives.

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Lamanauskas, Vincentas. "25th NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION IN A COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL – 2019”: CONFERENCE REVIEW". GAMTAMOKSLINIS UGDYMAS / NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION 16, n. 2 (15 dicembre 2019): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu-nse/19.16.116.

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An annual scientific practical conference “Natural science education in a comprehensive school – 2019” took place in Aukstaitian town Kupiskis. It is known that Kupiskis is a town in the North East of Lithuania, in the eastern edge of Middle Lithuania lowland. The time of the conference is traditional – the second part of April, i.e., from 25th to 27th.. It is worth to remember that a conference “came travelling” from Little Lithuania (Lithuania Minor) to Aukstaitia (Lithuanian Highland) (In 2018, the 24th conference took place in Silutė Martynas Jankus Basic school). Thus, a conference is still “travelling”. On the first conference day, plenary reports and two section works took place. A useful plenary report was made by Eugenija Rudnickaite from Vilnius university. A fossil fuel collection was discussed and presented; some practical tips were given about the application of the collection for natural science education. The second report was made by dr. Agnaldo Arroio. The report was very actual because the actualities of modern media application in education were discussed, also there was a discussion on natural science literacy formation questions. The third report which was made by Vilnius university lecturer dr. Rita Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, focused on the current natural science questions in primary school. The fourth report, which was made by Latvian university professor Andris Broks, completed the plenary meeting. As always, the professor analysed methodological, systemic natural science education questions. The latter report was focussed on the changes /alteration in nature, society, education and so on. Most of the conference reports were presented in the form of articles and published in the conference proceedings. One can find full texts in the database at: http://oaji.net/journal-archive-stats.html?number=1984&year=2019&issue=14379 Two conference days passed in the blink of an eye. Totally, 66 participants were enrolled in it. The work of the conference went smoothly, therefore it is worthy to thank all the members of the conference organisational committee, and especially the pro-gymnasium administration. Natural science education “journey” continues. The 26th conference will take place on 24th -25th April 2020 in Trakai Vytautas Magnus gymnasium. This gymnasium is the main partner of another conference. So, from Aukstaitia we move to Trakai, a city of Vilnius district, surrounded by lakes. What is more, Trakai is the cultural capital of Lithuania, 2020. Keywords: national conference, science education, science and technological education movement.

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Ahmed, Shabir, e Ahakesh Sharma. "REVAMPING PRE-SERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION UNDER NEW NCTE NORMS 2014: PERCEPTION OF B.ED. STUDENTS TOWARDS INCREASED DURATION OF COURSE". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, n. 6 (30 giugno 2017): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i6.2017.2002.

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Today India is having one of the largest networks of schools in the world. School education is most important stage in the whole educational ladder and underwent transformation since independence. For say after independence government of our country stressed on quantitative expansion of school education so as to provide access of education to the students in their door steps but in 21st century focus is shifted from quantity to quality of school education. This shift of paradigm and ICT revolution made the job of teacher more demanding. Quality of school education is depending on quality and professional commitment of teachers and quality of teachers depend upon nature and type of pre-service teacher training to prospectus teachers. Keeping pace with the needs of present time, in 2012 Verma committee recommended number of changes in the pre-service teacher education programme and enhancing duration was one of them. Hence, National Council of Teacher Education (NCTE) came up with new regulation in 2014 under which duration of B.Ed. and M.Ed. was increased from initial one year to two years. The new NCTE regulations are implemented all over the nation from academic session 2015-2016. However, the implementation of new NCTE norms has given a way to the debate on the credibility of increased duration of both the courses. The present paper will appraise the probable benefits and issues related with the increased duration of the pre-service teacher training programmes as per the NCTE Regulations 2014.

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Kim, Nam-Wook. "Corruption prevention plan for university autonomy and personnel administration". Korea Anti-Corruption Law Association 6, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2023): 31–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36433/kacla.2022.6.1.31.

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The Constitution recognizes university autonomy to practically guarantee academic freedom. University autonomy means that universities autonomously decide and execute university issues without external influence and take responsibility for the results. National and public universities and private universities, within the scope of not violating the Constitution, the Higher Education Act, the Education Public Officials Act, the Disciplinary Order for Education Officials, and the Private School Act, the University Faculty Personnel Regulations, University Faculty Disciplinary Regulations, University Faculty Promotion Regulations, University Faculty Reappointment Regulations, The Articles of Incorporation, etc. are regulated autonomously, and new recruitment, reappointment, promotion, dismissal, and disciplinary actions are reviewed by the University Personnel Committee, the Faculty Personnel Committee, and the Faculty Disciplinary Committee in accordance with the faculty personnel related regulations. Personnel authority and disciplinary authority have been conducting personnel administration at their discretion. In particular, university personnel administration is understood as a lawful disposition, not judged as a deviation or abuse of discretion, unless it significantly loses its validity from a socially accepted point of view. Despite the fact that fairness, objectivity, and integrity are more required in the faculty personnel department, the sacred university that seeks truth demands money and valuables while hiring new teachers, solicits or arranges professor appointments, or delays, academic ties, or Personnel corruption is constantly occurring due to collusion in hiring relationships due to blood ties, abuse of power, bribery, embezzlement, intentional deception, fraud, and non-compliance with personnel regulations. In the case where the Ministry of Education has conducted a comprehensive audit when personnel corruption at a specific university has become a social problem, most of them are given a 'Warning' or 'Caution' despite the fact that the personnel corruption was revealed. In addition, even though the sentencing for personnel corruption by teachers is a matter of severe punishment, they are disposing of light punishment without objective reasons for mitigating. Therefore, after examining the concept, legal nature, content and limitations of university autonomy, the direction for preventing corruption in university personnel administration is presented. In particular, from the viewpoint of ensuring university autonomy under the Constitution, the direction of enactment of the Anti-Corruption Act on personnel administration of university faculty, rationalization of the Conflict of Interest Prevention Act, strengthening of university self-audit functions, establishment of good governance in personnel administration, rationalization of anti-corruption policies, and mandatory education on integrity and ethics, and discusses the mandatory use of the personnel management system.

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Rajamanickam, Ramalinggam, Mohd Safri Mohammed Na’aim, Tengku Noor Azira Tengku Zainudin e Nur Khalidah Dahlan. "Introduction of Criminal Law as a Subject in National Secondary Schools". Journal of Educational and Social Research 9, n. 3 (1 settembre 2019): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jesr-2019-0020.

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Abstract National education in Malaysia is governed by the Education Act 1996 (EA 1996) (Act 550). At present, the subject of criminal law is not part of the Malaysian national secondary school curriculum. The lack of it has resulted in students being unable to get adequate and necessary exposure as well as understanding of the subject. It certainly does not coincide with the grim reality that crimes committed by school children are on the rise in Malaysia. This research is qualitative in nature, using a pure legal approach. This research adopted a content analysis method consisting of a detailed analysis of the Education Act 1996 (EA 1996) (Act 550), the Penal Code (Act 574) and the Child Act 2001 (CA 2001) (Act 611). In addition, this research also analyzed various journals and academic research in this area to discuss the importance of teaching criminal law as a subject in schools. The paper concludes that instead of introducing this subject at post-secondary education level, the subject should be considered to be taught earlier in secondary school. Early exposure to the criminal law subject would enable school children to be adequately informed on how the criminal justice system works and its relevant principles and values. This would in consequence create awareness and promote good values for students at a young age, namely the values of respect and adherence to the law which would help them to refrain from committing crimes.

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Kovas, Yulia, Eduard V. Galajinsky, Michel Boivin, Gordon T. Harold, Alice Jones, Jean-Pascal Lemelin, Yu Luo et al. "The Russian School Twin Registry (RSTR): Project PROGRESS". Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, n. 1 (13 dicembre 2012): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.133.

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The Russian School Twin Registry (RSTR) was established in 2012, supported by a grant from the Government of the Russian Federation. The main aim of the registry is to contribute to Progress in Education through Gene-Environment Studies (PROGRESS). The formation of the registry is ongoing and it is expected that most schools in the Russian Federation (approximately 50,000 schools) will contribute data to the registry. With a total of 13.7 million students in Grades 1–11 (ages 7–18), the potential number of twin pairs exceeds 100,000. Apart from the large sample size and its representative nature, the RSTR has one unique feature: in collaboration with the International Advisory Committee to the Registry, genetically sensitive cross-cultural investigations are planned, aided by the use of the common assessment instruments. Other strengths of the registry include the assessment of a large sample of non-twin school children, including those studying in the same classes as the twins in the registry. It is hoped that the RSTR will provide an important research platform for national and international educationally relevant research.

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Kapralyuk, Oksana. "System of scientific and information support of agricultural complex of Ukraine". Вісник Книжкової палати, n. 2 (26 febbraio 2020): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2020.2(283).37-42.

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The article analyzes the current state of information resources formed at different levels of government. The characteristics of the national system of scientific and technical information on agriculture are presented. It is stated that the main users of scientific and technical information in the field of agriculture are the following three categories, selected according to the nature of activity: scientists; commodity producers; executives, managers. Features of their information support are given. It is noted that among the sectoral information systems, information systems play an important role in the development of the agro-industrial complex of the country: the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and the systems of their subordinate organizations and institutions, as well as agricultural libraries, advisory services, UkrINTEI, State Enterprise "Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality", the State Statistics Committee, industry associations, information portals and others. Together, they form an integrated information system. Effective and high-quality provision of information needs of agricultural specialists is impossible without the information resources, which are traditionally handled by the agricultural libraries headed by the National Scientific Agricultural Library (NSAL) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The main priority of the latter is the disclosure and presentation of existing documents, as well as access to a wide range of physical and virtual users. In this direction, the active creation of its own electronic database "online catalog Ukragroteka" is active, with a total volume of more than 550 thousand records, of which 52 thousand — full-text publications. The tasks for the creation of the national agricultural bibliography, presented by 13 biobibliographic series, are successfully implemented. Since 1999 the systematic quarterly abstract journal "Agroindustrial Complex of Ukraine" has been published quarterly.

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Duarte, Bárbara Machado, Elaine Antoniassi Luiz Kashiwaqui, Rosinara Virgínia Ferreira Yunes e Paulo Vanderlei Sanches. "Environmental perception of artisanal fishermen in the region of Ilha Grande National Park, PR/MS, after the formation of the Itaipu reservoir: traditional knowledge and human-nature interaction". Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais 58, n. 1 (2023): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781544.

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The flooding of the Sete Quedas fall for the formation of the Itaipu hydroelectric power plant, on the Paraná River, had impacts on fishing. The objective of this study was to analyze the environmental perception of fishermen in the region of Ilha Grande National Park, the environmental changes that occurred after the formation of the Itaipu reservoir and their relationship with fishing in the region. Data collection was carried out through interviews, with a semi-structured script approved by the Ethics Committee of Western Paraná State University. This script consisted of 26 questions aimed at identifying the socioeconomic characteristics of the activity and the changes that occurred from 1980 to 2020. Qualitative variables were analyzed. The results showed that fishermen have knowledge and perception of the environmental changes that have occurred in the last 40 years, and of the consequences of these changes in the fishing and housing spaces where they are inserted. Moreover, they demonstrated knowledge about changes in the river bed, in the course and on the banks of the Paraná River, about silting up and the decrease and/or extinction of fish species, in line with what has been found in the scientific literature. Thus, for these artisanal fishermen, the flooding caused social, cultural and economic losses. It is necessary for public authorities to act, supported by scientific information, guiding environmental education actions and measures to mitigate the environmental impacts generated and to support the fishermen.

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Ayah Hezam Alshehri, Ayah Hezam Alshehri. "Obstacles to the Nebras Drug Prevention Program: A Study of the Educational Environment Program: مُعوِّقات برنامج نبراس للوقاية من المُخدِّرات: دراسة لبرنامج البيئة التَّعليميَّة". مجلة العلوم الإنسانية و الإجتماعية 5, n. 13 (30 ottobre 2021): 145–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.s060321.

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To identify the nature of the programs offered through Nebras program for the educational environment, and the goals described for Nebras for the educational environment, to identify the external obstacles represented in the social and cultural obstacles and the internal obstacles related to the administrative and technical aspect related to beneficiaries and the environment in which the program is applied. Study population consisted of (15) in charge of the educational environment program in Nebras in Riyadh region. A sample of (370) female students selected from the offices of education: The Guard, Al Nahda education office and Al Rawabi education office. In addition to a sample of (12) female student guides who are in charge of the implementation of the educational environment program in these schools. The study utilized the descriptive analytical approach and used the questionnaire to collect data. The study found that the most prominent programs offered in the educational environment are the awareness programs for female students about how to use their leisure time to benefit them, the most important programs, from the viewpoint of the female students, were introductory bulletins programs of free call service at the National Center for Addiction Consultation, followed in importance by video presentation programs about the national project for drug prevention, the most important objectives described for Nebras for the educational environment were, to raise the level of awareness of female teachers and students about the danger of drugs and psychotropic substances then to enhance self- immunity of female students towards negative practices. The study recommended that the National Committee for Drug Control should pay attention to the necessity of bringing families and the community together in raising awareness of the importance of the educational environment program because they play a fundamental role in supporting the participation of female students in the program, and that the Ministry of Education should allocate specific times and quotas to participate in educational environment programs and empty female students and counselors to participate in these programs. The study also recommended that the school be concerned with activating the material and moral support for the female guides based on the program, and the participating students effectively and motivating them.

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Guillén-Peñafiel, Rebeca, Ana María Hernández-Carretero e José-Manuel Sánchez-Martín. "Heritage Education as a Basis for Sustainable Development. The Case of Trujillo, Monfragüe National Park and Villuercas-Ibores-Jara Geopark (Extremadura, Spain)". Land 11, n. 8 (28 luglio 2022): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081183.

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Tourist activity offers numerous possibilities for socioeconomic growth while promoting the dissemination, recognition, and appreciation of heritage. Nevertheless, tourism based on a mercantilist approach, oriented mainly towards the maximization of economic benefits and the massive attraction of visitors, can pose a threat to the conservation and integrity of heritage assets. In this panorama of vulnerability, heritage education stands as a primary strategy to resolve the tensions between heritage and tourism. Based on this premise, research aimed at stimulating tourism activity committed to education and sustainability is presented. Said study is framed in three counties of the region of Extremadura, selected for being great centers of tourist attraction: the Monfragüe National Park, the Villuercas-Ibores-Jara Geopark, and the monumental city of Trujillo. The results reveal that introducing educational principles is decisive in improving the value and competitiveness of tourist destinations and contributing to regional development. Despite this, the approaches of heritage education are not yet sufficiently integrated into tourism plans, which distances the territories from sustainability.

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Keith, Kenneth J. "Tutti Fratelli? Perspectives and Challenges for International Humanitarian Law". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 41, n. 2 (2 agosto 2010): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v41i2.5239.

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This article is based on addresses given in The Hague, Wellington and Auckland in 2009 to mark the 150th anniversary of the beginnings of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Out of a dreadful day of war, the Battle of Solferino, was born a great humanitarian institution which later became the International Committee of the Red Cross. The author discusses seven matters from the early years of the organisation: first was the importance of simple humanity; second was the principle of non-discrimination; third was a positive obligation to collect and care for the wounded and sick; fourth was about the rights and responsibilities of the individuals involved in warfare; fifth was the importance of getting peace agreements before hostilities began; sixth was establishing of national societies for the relief for the wounded before the same; and finally, the law was inherently humanitarian in nature. The author then discusses the implementation of international humanitarian law, arguing for two main methods: education and training programmes, and compliance through negotiation with governments. The author stresses the importance of adhering to laws during times of warfare by emphasising the values on which the law is based.

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Prinja, Shankar, Maninder Pal Singh, Lorna Guinness, Kavitha Rajsekar e Balram Bhargava. "Establishing reference costs for the health benefit packages under universal health coverage in India: cost of health services in India (CHSI) protocol". BMJ Open 10, n. 7 (luglio 2020): e035170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035170.

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IntroductionTo achieve universal health coverage, the Government of India has introduced Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB - PMJAY), a large tax-funded national health insurance scheme for the provision of secondary and tertiary care services in public and private hospitals. AB - PMJAY reimburses care for 1573 health benefit packages (HBPs). HBPs are designed to cover the treatment of diseases/conditions with high incidence/prevalence or which contribute to high out-of-pocket expenditure. However, there is a dearth of reference cost data against which provider payment rates can be assessed.Methods and analysisThe CHSI (Cost of Health Services in India) study will collect cost data from 13 Indian states covering 52 public and 40 private hospitals, using a mixed economic costing methodology (top-down and bottom-up), to generate unit costs for the HBPs. States will be sampled to capture economic status, development indicators and health service utilisation heterogeneity. The public sector hospitals will be chosen at secondary and tertiary care level. One tertiary facility will be selected from each state. At secondary level, three districts per state will be selected randomly from the district composite development score ranking. The private sector hospital sample will be stratified by nature of ownership (for-profit and not-for-profit), type of city (tier 1, 2 or 3) and size of the hospital (number of beds). Average costs for each HBP will be calculated across the different facility types. Multiple scenarios will be used to suggest rates which could be negotiated with the providers. Overall, the study will provide economic cost data for price setting, strategic purchasing, health technology assessment and a national cost database of India.Ethics and disseminationThe approval has been obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee and Institutional Collaborative Committee of the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. The results shall be disseminated in conferences and peer-reviewed articles.

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Lapshin, V. F., e V. V. Popov. "The ineffectiveness of combating corruption crime in modern Russia". Institute Bulletin: Crime, Punishment, Correction 13, n. 2 (19 luglio 2019): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46741/2076-4162-2019-13-2-173-178.

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The article presents a detailed analysis of corruption as a socially negative phenomenon that has acquired significant proportions and currently poses a threat to the national security of Russia. It is proved that the statistical indicators of the revealed and solved crimes of officials do not fully reflect the actual number of committed socially dangerous acts of a corruption nature. In addition the authors critically evaluate the methods used by the anti-crime policy and believe that moral education of representatives of Russian society and the cult of the law-abiding person can be the real means of combating crime among officials.

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Thomas, Lizzie, Heidi Livingstone, Chloe Kastoryano, Gillian Leng e Victoria Thomas. "OP112 Stakeholder Views As Evidence For NICE's Public Involvement Review". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318001393.

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Introduction:The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) strategic review of its public involvement offer included a survey with stakeholders to explore how NICE can continue to deliver high quality, meaningful public involvement in a rapidly-changing environment.Methods:NICE staff, committee lay members, and an external academic ran the project and designed an online survey. The survey was open for two weeks. A purposive sample, recruited through various communication channels, was invited to participate. The sample comprised: (i) external individuals involved in NICE work, (ii) NICE committee and Board members, (iii) NICE staff. The survey included qualitative and quantitative questions, covering the ‘who’, ‘when’, ‘how’ and ‘what’ of NICE's public involvement approaches.Results:The survey yielded 684 responses, which were stratified by stakeholder type. Overall the responses indicated that: (i) the suggested stages for involvement are all important, but on a sliding scale: ‘defining outcomes guidance should consider’ is most important, and ‘helping committee chair recruitment’ is least important; (ii) different perspectives are needed such as individual treatment or care decisions should incorporate views of directly affected people, and population-based public health decisions need the views of citizens. Quality improvement suggestions included: (i) seeking feedback on people's experiences of care, using clear, structured approaches including focus groups, interviews, surveys, social media; (ii) increasing communications about NICE's work, specifically about involvement opportunities and use of patient evidence; (iii) using data on people's experiences equally with academic evidence; (iv) providing education and training on involvement to NICE staff and the general public; and, (v) partnership working with other organizations to enhance engagement. A focus group with key stakeholders used the survey findings to shape the subsequent public consultation document.Conclusions:There was consensus that public involvement is necessary throughout guidance development; however, the type of person involved and nature of participation should vary across the development stages. Project challenges included managing diametrically opposing views, and the associated implications for engagement.

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Perfetto, John Charles, Glenda Holland, Rebecca Davis e La Vonne Fedynich. "A Comparison Of Mission Statements Of National Blue Ribbon Schools And Unacceptable Texas High Schools". Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC) 10, n. 4 (30 settembre 2013): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/tlc.v10i4.8125.

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This study was conducted to determine the themes present in the context of high schools, to determine any significant differences in themes for high and low performing high schools, and to determine if significant differences were present for the same sample of high schools based on school size. An analysis of the content of mission statements identified 31 dominant themes: Students, Providing, All, Community, Learning, Academics, Developing, Responsible, Education, Environment, Preparing, Productive, Success, Lifelong Learning, Individual, Citizen, Excellence, Skills, Society, Committed, Promotes, Achievement, Diversity, Knowledge, Nature, Challenge, Future, Partnership, Quality, Potential, and Safe. Significant differences were found between the group of high and low performing high schools for the themes of Academics, Excellence, Challenge, Learning, Nurture, and Lifelong Learning (p ? .05). Analysis of mission statements grouped by size yielded a significant difference for the theme of Knowledge for large size high schools as compared to small and medium size high schools.

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Saner, Raymond, e Aik Hoe Lim. "Rethinking Trade in Education Services: A Wake-Up Call for Trade Negotiators". Journal of World Trade 45, Issue 5 (1 ottobre 2011): 993–1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2011034.

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The educational market has grown in size with more exporters entering the field to satisfy growing demand worldwide. The education sector today truly operates in a global context with institutions, programmes, and people supplying services across borders at an unprecedented scale. Yet, one of the anomalies of the education sector is that, despite the rapid internationalization of education services, limited progress has been achieved in trade negotiations. Education services remain one of the least committed sectors under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), as well as in Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs). Firstly, this article reviews the factors behind the growth in trade in education services, particularly at the tertiary level. These include a combination of demographic changes, technological developments, national development goals, and governmental reforms to the funding and provision of higher education. Secondly, it argues that trade policy and negotiations need to wake-up to the global nature of the education sector and address the complex international trade and regulatory challenges. That would not only better reflect the reality on the ground but, through the formulation of negotiating positions, also ensure an informed debate of efficiency and equity considerations.

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Sacara, Ana. "Legal nature of social assistance benefits provided to persons at risk". National Law Journal, n. 2(244) (dicembre 2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1811-0770.2021.2(244).09.

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Social assistance is an important link in the national social protection system, through which the state is committed to protecting and supporting people and families who are at risk or vulnerable. The nature of the vulnerability depends on poor material condition, physical and health status, family status (single-parent families, orphans), exposure to situations of violence, etc. To prevent and annihilate social risks, state institutions with social functions provide citizens in need with a range of social benefits to alleviate existing inequalities, normal integration into society and regain their autonomy. In this article, we will identify the problems of the social benefits system, which make the purpose and objectives of providing these monetary supports remain purely ideological, because they do not ensure a visible improvement in living conditions. In the author’s opinion, the state’s social policy must be aimed at combating in time the causes that lead to the risk of poverty, and not get involved post factum, when a large part of our citizens are in a situation of absolute poverty. In this context, it is found that all reforms, policies, and budgetary decisions, regardless of the field they regulate (education, agriculture, economy, construction), negatively or positively influence the well-being of the family, and must be directed towards the healthy development of families in the Republic of Moldova.

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Khumalo, Shuti Steph. "The Role of Transformational School Leadership in Promoting Teacher Commitment: An Antecedent for Sustainable Development in South Africa". Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 10, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2019): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2019-0015.

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Abstract Promoting sustainable development is top on the agenda of many national governments. The provision of quality primary education is key in pursuing this agenda and relies heavily of committed teachers. This article explores the potential contribution of transformational leadership practices of primary school principals in promoting teacher commitment. It is argued that primary school principals who exhibit the transformational leadership feature of commitment motivate teachers towards commitment and thus contribute towards sustainable development. This study was quantitative in nature and out of the hundred and fifty teachers sampled, only ninety-five responded to the questionnaires. Drawing from the theory of transformational leadership and the findings from the Limpopo Province education district case study, it can be concluded that primary school principals promote the culture of commitment and therefore a foundation for sustainable development is laid.

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Eposi, Joan Mapeh. "The Socio-Linguistic Implications of Personal Names in Mokpe". American Journal of Arts, Social and Humanity Studies 3, n. 1 (4 ottobre 2023): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajashs.1606.

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Purpose: Most of our Cameroonian national languages are demographically and socio-culturally pressured by the English language. The national languages which were previously used in elementary education and religious activities currently do not have any place in any official domain and thus are limited to home and other few immediate domains. Due to this unequal coexistence of the languages, many national languages are considered endangered, calling for efforts from stakeholders to prevent the death of such a precious cultural heritage. In this line of understanding, the objective of this study was to investigate the semantic aspects, naming criteria, and typology of Mopke personal names. It is a contribution to such initiatives like the Bakweri Language and Literacy committee which aims at documenting the Bakweri language in every possible area and means. Methodology: To achieve our objective, data was collected through participant observation, in-depth interview and self-intuition to investigate personal names of the Bakweri also called the Mokpe people of the South West Region of Cameroon, considering naming as an important aspect of the society. Findings: As regards the theoretical framework, we looked at Mopke names within the purview of linguistic anthropology considering names as not being arbitrary labels but socio-cultural tags that have socio-cultural functions and meanings. In order to analyse and discuss the patterns observed in the data, the Thematic Analysis technique used to present the typology of the names including family names, circumstantial names, theophorous names and flora and fauna names. The paper further examined the changing nature of Mokpe naming system and practice as dictated by cultural contact mainly with Christian/ western culture. Recommendations: The study wraps up with a recommendation for further investigation on issues surrounding naming practices and strategic measures to prevent this important African cultural resource.

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Bernardi, Sara, Maria Bruna Fulgenzi, Angela Rovera, Fabiola Rinaldi, Sara Trichilo e Serena Bianchi. "Dentistry and Gender Gap: An Overview of the Italian Situation". Healthcare 11, n. 6 (11 marzo 2023): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060828.

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Recently, the issue of the gender gap in dentistry and in the leadership in the dental field has placed new challenges on dental profession representatives and politicians. Indeed, the inequity between genders in healthcare workforces represents a limit to the progression of those in the professions, inhibiting talented colleagues from accessing high positions in the academic world and not providing adequate role models to inspire future generations. The Italian population practicing dentistry in 2021 was composed of 74% males and 26% females. The aim of this study is to analyze the level of the gender gap in the dental field in Italy by focusing on the gender distribution of professional leaders in institutional category associations and invited speakers at dental conferences accredited for the Continue Education in Medicine program. The search strategy considered three different fields in the national dentistry scene: the dental committee boards, the union category associations, and the cultural field. The roles in the dental boards were retrieved from the website of the National Medical and Dental Committee from 2018 to 2022; the roles in the union category associations at the provincial, regional, and national levels were retrieved from the related web pages, considering the period from 2018 to 2021; and the information about the speakers at national conferences from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 was retrieved from the National Agency for Regional Health Services (Agenzia nazionale per i servizi sanitari regionali (AGENAS)) websites. The extracted data were grouped and examined using descriptive statistics (frequency), and due to the categorical nature of the data, non-parametric tests (chi-square tests) were used to assess any differences between the two genders. The null hypothesis was that there were no statistical differences between the two genders’ distributions. A p-value was considered significant when <0.05. In addition, aiming to understand the representation of male and female dentists, a comparison of the distributions of males and females in the dental boards with the percentages of female and male dentists operating in Italy in 2021 was performed using a binomial test. The analysis of the data regarding the composition of the dental boards and of the union category association boards revealed a statistically significant difference in the distribution of the roles between the two genders at the regional and local levels, with a p-value of <0.05, and a significantly low representation of the women practicing dentistry (p < 0.05). In Italy, women practicing dentistry are underrepresented in dental organizations and in cultural events, given the low numbers of female dentists in leadership and/or speaker roles in the years 2018–2021. Even though the glass ceiling effect continues to affect Italian female dentists, initiatives and political measures have been taken to improve this condition and reach gender equity.

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Shcherbashyn, Y. S. "Olympic education in the process of forming humanistic values in school students". Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), n. 1(159) (30 gennaio 2023): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2023.1(159).35.

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This article analyzes the importance of the Olympic education in the system of formation of humanistic values among the younger generation. Olympic education is considered as an innovative educational technology, which provides a complex effect on the formation of personality in the spiritual and the physical plane. This technology conforms to the national education development strategy in Ukraine contributes to the improvement of the system of education of children and youth on the basis of universal values, it promotes the physical, moral and spiritual development of the younger generation, the formation of socially mature personality, preparing young people for the conscious choice of spheres of life. The analysis of international experience in the implementation of national Olympic education systems made it possible to single out the main groups of programs: Olympic education programs implemented by the Organizing Committees of the Olympic Games; programs of a complex nature; programs implemented in general educational institutions, programs based on mass sports events; programs based on Olympic-themed competitions. The paper presents the characteristics of the Olympic education system in the world, presents the model of formation of value orientations of high school students. This model contributes to the integration of Olympic education into the educational process, solving the main tasks of the educational process at the current stage. The implementation of a variable model is possible taking into account a set of organizational and pedagogical conditions: general ones that ensure the effectiveness of the educational process; separate ones that determine the mechanism of formation of value orientations; scientific and methodical, aimed at positive dynamics in improving the qualifications of teachers, the level of their professional competence.

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Kane, Michele. "Wisdom in action". Gifted Education International 30, n. 2 (21 aprile 2013): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261429413481125.

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Annemarie Roeper is a luminary in the field of gifted education. Her many contributions provide a window into the depth and breadth of her curious and creative nature. Along with her husband George, she envisioned and developed a child-centered and holistic approach to education which resulted in The Roeper School, a legendary school for gifted children. The parent letters they would send home eventually led to a premier research journal, The Roeper Review. Annemarie Roeper’s life journey was represented by her publications, which included a myriad of articles as well as several books. She was a founding member of the global awareness committees for the National Association for Gifted Children and the World Council for Gifted and Talented Children. The legacy she leaves is her life story and the manner by which she transformed the challenges in her life and created opportunities for growth—she modeled wisdom in action.

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Ma, Jinlin. "An Evaluation of the Chinese CollegeAdmission Examination System from the Standpoint of Equity in Public Policy". Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 10, n. 1 (14 settembre 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/10/20230007.

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The provincial education examination institution mandate system for Chinas college entrance examination was approved by the relevant national department or is implementing an independent proposition. It is uniformly dispatched by the Ministry of Education and implemented and managed by the provincial enrollment and examination committees. Its nature dictates that social justice must exist. The battle for college entrance exams has grown more intense as the number of exams for admission to colleges continues to rise. Then came the sociological phenomenon of immigrants taking college admission exams. This article will use the phenomenon of college entrance examination immigration as an illustration to explain the need for its public policy for the equitable distribution of social value through a thorough analysis of college entrance examination admissions. The fairness of the new college entrance exam system must be continually improved. To take into account the interests of all parties and maximize the overall efficacy of public policy, social values must be distributed fairly.

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Medytskyi, Ihor. "Criminological portrait of a collaborator’s personality". Yearly journal of scientific articles “Pravova derzhava”, n. 34 (1 agosto 2023): 538–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/1563-3349-2023-34-538-545.

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The article is devoted to the construction of a criminological portrait of a collaborator’s personality by studying socio-demographic, moral, psychological and criminal law features. In the course of the analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of a collaborator, it is established that criminal activity in the field of voluntary cooperation with the aggressor State is mostly characteristic of men. A high educational level of criminals was noted: persons with higher and professional higher education account for 40.1% of all convicts. Most of them are able-bodied but not involved in labor activity (46.7%) or pensioners (13.8%). In the context of moral and psychological characteristics, collaborators are characterized by anti-national ideological and political preferences, rejection of the legitimate Ukrainian government and approval of the aggressor country’s policies. The analysis of criminal law features revealed that collaborators are characterized by the individual nature of their unlawful behavior (96%). The vast majority of convicted persons have not been previously prosecuted or are considered to have no criminal record (94%). An analysis of the previous convictions of persons convicted of collaboration shows that they mostly committed crimes of mercenary and mercenary-violent nature. In the context of the effectiveness of punishment for collaboration, the author focuses on the short comings of the design of sanctions and the practice of their imposition. The data obtained made it possible to form a criminological portrait of the collaborator’s personality – mainly a male person, aged 29 to 54 years, with a sufficiently high degree of education; ablebodied, but not involved in labor activity or retired; shares anti-national ideological and political preferences, rejection of the legitimate Ukrainian government and approval of the aggressor country’s policy; is not convicted and realizes the individual nature of illegal behavior. Key words: collaboration activity, personality of the off ender, criminological portrait, socio-demographic characteristics, moral and psychological characteristics, criminal and legal characteristics.

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Merlo, Gia, Michelle Tollefson, Marie Dacey, Thomas Lenz, Mary Luchsinger, Dennis Muscato e Elizabeth Pegg Frates. "Laying an Early Foundation: Lifestyle Medicine Pre-Professional Education (LMPP) Member Interest Group". American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 14, n. 5 (27 aprile 2020): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827620913272.

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Just as lifestyle medicine is the necessary foundation for true health care reform, lifestyle medicine competencies should be the foundation for health education. Although lifestyle medicine education may benefit a health professional at any stage in their education or career, evidence-based undergraduate lifestyle medicine education for future health professionals shifts the perspective of health and health care delivery. Educating health preprofessionals in associate, bachelor’s, master’s, and other preprofessional healthcare training programs is of paramount importance due to the interdisciplinary nature of lifestyle medicine. To accomplish this, American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM) members can work collaboratively through committees, projects, and working groups—becoming leadership champions of change. An ACLM Pre-Professional Member Interest Group (LMPP) was created in 2018. LMPP has been working to build a national collaborative effort to amass, create, and distribute resources for educators in this pre-professional arena. Educating college students planning to become professionals outside the medical sphere, for example, lawyers, business people, artists, and engineers, will also benefit the field by introducing the power of nutrition, exercise, sleep, social connection, and stress resiliency during this formative state of career development. Pre-professional educational programs provide learners the opportunity to personally experience the power of lifestyle medicine.

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Kawimbe, Dr Sidney, e Pauline Tembo. "Co-production and the Use of Constituency Development Funds (CDFs) in Poverty Alleviation: A Case of Selected Constituencies in Zambia". International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies 4, n. 2 (20 marzo 2024): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.2.2502.

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Constituency Development Fund (CDF) is the generic name for a policy tool that dedicates public money to benefit specific political subdivisions through allocations and/or spending decisions influenced by their representatives in the national parliament (Centre for International Development 2009: 8-9). Dissimilar to large national development projects, CDF-financed projects are essentially community based and driven with the major aim of bringing facilities and services closer to people for purposes of improving their social economic living conditions, especially reducing poverty. In the 2022 Zambia National Budget, CDF saw an unprecedented increase in the size of funding and scope of its mandate. For the year 2023, CDF was increased from K25.7 million (USD 1,070,833) to K28.3 million (USD 1,179,167) per constituency while being expanded to include additional components such as youth, disabled and women empowerment programs as well as secondary school bursaries that will now be locally administered. It is in this regard that the authors undertook a study to assess the impact of CDFs on poverty alleviation in 12 constituencies selected namely, Kankoyo, Moomba, Bweengwa, Mpika, Rufunsa, Monze, Chawama, Mufulira, Kaoma, Kantanshi, Mbala and Solwezi. Data was collected from men, youth and the disabled from the said constituencies. Due to the nature of data collected, mixed methodology research was used. Qualitative data was analysed with the aid of ATLAS.ti while quantitative data was analysed using SPSS Version 30. Key findings are that the general public is aware of the existence of the CDFs and that it is a government empowerment programme especially for funding education and skills acquisition through school bursaries and skills development components, community projects and empowerment loans. However, empirical evidence on the ground point to challenges of the CDFs through political patronage, nepotism, the abdication of key decision making to the politician (Member of parliament) who has massive influence as he/she has power to arbitrary hand-pick 6 members out of 12 to the main CDF committee responsible for administration of CDF funds.

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Andrade-Gonzalez, Xavier, Anuhya Kommalapati, Allison M. Bock, Jacqueline Wang, Antoine Saliba, Javier Munoz, David J. Inwards et al. "Influence of Treatment Facility Type and Annual Patient Volume on Overall Survival in Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A National Cancer Database Analysis". Blood 138, Supplement 1 (5 novembre 2021): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-151888.

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Abstract Introduction: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy with an estimated incidence of 1 per 100,000 persons per year in the United States and represents only about 5% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Several studies have shown that treatment at academic centers and a higher hospital case volume are associated with improved outcomes for uncommon hematological malignancies, probably due to increased provider expertise and access to novel therapies. Treatment of MCL can be complex given the heterogenous nature of the disease and a frequent need for autologous stem cell transplantation in eligible patients. However, the impact of treatment at an academic center and facility patient volume on the survival of patients with MCL has not been well studied in large cohorts. In this study, we utilized the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to investigate the impact of treatment at an academic center and treatment facility volume on the overall survival (OS) of patients with MCL. Methods: The NCDB was used to identify adult patients (≥ 18 years) with newly diagnosed MCL from 2004 through 2017. For facility patient volume analysis, patients were divided into groups based on the average number of new MCL patients seen annually: Tercile 1 [T1] (1-3 patients/year), Tercile 2 [T2] (4-5 patients/year) and Tercile 3 [T3] (≥6 patients/year). Treating centers were divided into Academic and Non-academic using the NCDB definitions. Academic centers were defined as centers that accessions more than 500 newly diagnosed cancer cases per year, participate in postgraduate medical education in at least four program areas including internal medicine and surgery and participates in cancer-related clinical trials. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox hazards proportional model. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Results: We identified 22,752 patients with MCL during the study period. 9,484 (42%) patients were treated at academic centers and 13,070 (57%) were treated at non-academic centers. In terms of facility patient volume 10,948 patients (48%) were in the T1 group, 4,637 (20%) were in the T2 group and 7,166 (31%) were in the T3 group. No significant differences were found in baseline demographics (age, gender, race/ethnicity, comorbidity scores), socioeconomical variables (insurance type, median income, area of residence) and disease-related factors (B-symptoms, Ann Arbor stage) between patients treated academic vs nonacademic centers, or between patients in T1 vs T2 vs T3 groups. Notably, compared to lower volume facilities, T3 facilities were more likely to be academic centers (T3: 81% vs T2: 42% vs T1: 16%, p<0.001) . After a median follow-up of 3.4 years, the median overall survival (OS) was 5.6 years for the entire cohort. The median OS was inferior for patients treated at lower volume facilities (4.1 years for T1, 5.1 years for T2 and 9.0 years for T3, p<0.001) (Figure 1A). Similarly, the median OS was shorter for patients treated at non-academic centers vs academic centers (4.3 years vs 7.5 years respectively, p<0.001) (Figure 1B). In a multivariate analysis, treatment at a lower patient volume facility (Hazard ratio [HR] Q1= 1.26 [95%CI = 1.18-1.34]) and treatment at a non-academic center (HR = 1.1, 95%CI = 1.01-1.12) were both independent prognostic factors of inferior OS, after adjusting for demographics (age, gender, ethnicity, area of residence) and socioeconomic variables (income and insurance status). Conclusion: Patients with MCL treated at academic and higher volume facilities had a higher OS compared to patients treated at non-academic and lower volume facilities.. Additional research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind these differences. Patients with MCL may benefit from an early referral to academic and high-volume centers. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Munoz: Merck: Research Funding; Portola: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics/Abbvie, Bayer, Gilead/Kite Pharma, Pfizer, Janssen, Juno/Celgene, BMS, Kyowa, Alexion, Beigene, Fosunkite, Innovent, Seattle Genetics, Debiopharm, Karyopharm, Genmab, ADC Therapeutics, Epizyme, Beigene, Servier: Consultancy; Gilead/Kite Pharma, Kyowa, Bayer, Pharmacyclics/Janssen, Seattle Genetics, Acrotech/Aurobindo, Beigene, Verastem, AstraZeneca, Celgene/BMS, Genentech/Roche.: Speakers Bureau; Millennium: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Physicians' Education Resource: Honoraria; Gilead/Kite Pharma: Research Funding; Kyowa: Honoraria; Bayer: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria; OncView: Honoraria; Targeted Oncology: Honoraria. Paludo: Karyopharm: Research Funding. Habermann: Seagen: Other: Data Monitoring Committee; Incyte: Other: Scientific Advisory Board; Tess Therapeutics: Other: Data Monitoring Committee; Morphosys: Other: Scientific Advisory Board; Loxo Oncology: Other: Scientific Advisory Board; Eli Lilly & Co.,: Other: Scientific Advisor. Nowakowski: Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy; Zai Labolatory: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy; Blueprint Medicines: Consultancy; Nanostrings: Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy; Kymera Therapeutics: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy; Ryvu Therapeutics: Consultancy; Kyte Pharma: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene/Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Selvita: Consultancy; Curis: Consultancy; Karyopharm Therapeutics: Consultancy; Bantham Pharmaceutical: Consultancy. Wang: Novartis: Research Funding; LOXO Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Research Funding; Eli Lilly: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; MorphoSys: Research Funding; InnoCare: Research Funding; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.

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Vallikivi, Hannes. "Kodanikuõiguste peatükk Eesti 1919. aasta ajutises põhiseaduses [Abstract: Civil Rights Chapter in Estonia’s 1919 Preliminary Constitution]". Ajalooline Ajakiri. The Estonian Historical Journal, n. 3/4 (16 giugno 2020): 293–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/aa.2019.3-4.01.

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Many of the new states that emerged or reconstituted themselves after the First World War used declarations of independence or preliminary constitutions, or both, as organic law until the adoption of a permanent constitution. The majority of those documents did not address the civil and political rights of citizens (e.g. Germany, Ireland) or did so very briefly (e.g. Austria, Czechoslovakia, Georgia, Latvia). Estonia stood out by having a whole chapter dedicated to civil rights in its preliminary constitution. The Preliminary Constitution of Estonia (valitsemise ajutine kord) was adopted by the Constituent Assembly (Asutav Kogu) on 4 June 1919, only six weeks after the Assembly first convened on 23 April 1919. The Constituent Assembly was elected and worked on the Preliminary Constitution at the time of the War of Independence between Estonia and Soviet Russia. Strong left-wing sentiment in the country’s society was reflected in the composition of the Assembly: social democrats held 41 seats, the Labour Party (tööerakond) held 30 seats, and Socialist-Revolutionaries (esseerid) held seven seats, together accounting for 65 per cent of the total 120 seats. The centrist People’s Party (rahvaerakond) led by the journalist and renowned politician Jaan Tõnisson had 25 seats, the centre-right Rural League (maaliit) led by another prominent politician and lawyer Konstantin Päts had only seven seats, the Christian People’s Party had five seats, three seats belonged to representatives of the German minority, and one seat went to the Russian minority. Similar proportions were reflected in the 15-member Constitution Committee that was elected on 24 April 1919. The first draft of the Preliminary Constitution, and of the Civil Rights Chapter as part of it, was allegedly prepared by a young legal scholar named Jüri Uluots. Uluots was a member of the Special Committee that was already convened by the Provisional Government in March of 1919 before the election of the Constituent Assembly. The Special Committee was composed of eight lawyers, each of whom was appointed by one of the major political parties. It was assigned the task to provide first drafts of the provisional and permanent constitutions. The Committee fulfilled only the first task. Due to disagreements in the Special Committee, the draft Preliminary Constitution was submitted to the Assembly without the Civil Rights Chapter. The Constituent Assembly processed the Preliminary Constitution Bill very quickly. The Assembly and its committees worked six days a week. It took about three weeks for the Constitution Committee to modify the Bill and submit it to the plenary session of the Assembly on 18 May 1919. The plenary session read the Bill three times and adopted it on 4 June 1919. The Preliminary Constitution entered into force on 9 July 1919 and was in force until 21 December 1920, when Estonia’s first Constitution entered into full force. The Committee spent considerable time on discussing the Civil Rights Chapter. Although concerns were expressed that the Committee was losing time with such discussions and suggestions were made to develop the chapter later as part of the permanent Constitution, the majority of the Committee deemed it important to also address civil rights in the Bill. Uluots, who had been elected to the Assembly as a candidate of the Rural League and was also a member of the Committee, submitted his draft Civil Rights Chapter to the Committee. Four out of eight sections in the Uluots draft found their way into the Chapter. These included equality before the law, civil and political rights and freedoms, and extraordinary restrictions. Sections regarding the right to participate in politics and the duty to obey the law (including military duty and the duty to pay taxes) were rejected at the plenary session, and the section regarding the right to private property was already omitted by the Committee. Also, the Committee preferred the social security provision proposed by the leader of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, the schoolmaster Hans Kruus, to the one included in the Uluots draft. The Committee added a new provision concerning education and rejected the right to choose occupations and engage in business proposed by a People’s Party member, the military officer Karl Einbund, and a provision entitling citizens to bring criminal charges against corrupt officials proposed by the social democrat, lawyer and journalist Johan Jans. The first section of the Uluots draft declared all citizens equal before the law. Disputes arouse over the second sentence of the provision. Uluots had proposed that all property and other rights relating to social ranks (the privileges of the nobility) should be abolished. The social democrats (Jans, the writer Karl Ast and others) demanded that privileges and titles should be abolished immediately. Their more moderate opponents (Uluots, Tõnisson, Westholm and others) feared that this would create a legal vacuum in property, inheritance and matrimonial rights. The majority of the Assembly supported the more radical approach and declared that there are no privileges and titles relating to ranks in Estonia. The law implementing the abolition was adopted a year later, in June of 1920. The school headmaster Jakob Westholm, a member of the People’s Party, and Villem Ernits, a social democrat, proposed that the Committee should include a provision concerning education. Their original proposal was scaled back by omitting the duration of mandatory elementary education and by deleting the right to free secondary and university education for talented students. The Preliminary Constitution eventually stipulated (§ 5) that education is compulsory for school age children and is free in elementary schools, and that every citizen is entitled to education in his/her mother tongue. The Committee combined civil and political rights, which were originally in two separate provisions in the Uluots draft, into one section (§ 6) stipulating that the inviolability of the person and home, secrecy of correspondence, freedom of conscience, religion, expression, language, press, assembly, association, and movement can only be restricted in accordance with the law. There were no disputes over the provision in the Committee or at the plenary session. The Committee preferred the proposal made by Kruus as the basis for further discussions on social security: “Every citizen will be guaranteed a decent standard of living according to which every citizen will have the right to receive the goods and support necessary for the satisfaction of his/her basic needs before less urgent needs of other citizens are satisfied. For that purpose, citizens must be guaranteed the obtaining of employment, the protection of motherhood and work safety, and necessary state support in the case of youth, old age, work disability and accidents.” While the last part of Kruus’ proposal was similar to Uluots’ draft and the term “decent standard of living” resembled the German menschenwürdiges Dasein (later adopted in Article 151 of the Weimar Constitution), the origin of the middle part of the provision remains unclear. The social security provision was by far the most extensively debated provision of the Chapter. The main issue was the state’s ability to fulfil its promises and whether social security should take the form of direct allowances or mandatory insurance.Views diverged even within the same parliamentary groups. The Committee replaced “will be guaranteed” with the less imperative “must be guaranteed in accordance with the law”. As a compromise, it deleted the middle part guaranteeing satisfaction of basic needs since it was deemed ‘too communist’ for many members. The plenary session supported adding the right to acquire land for cultivation and dwelling in the second sentence of the provision (§ 7) just before the adoption of the Bill. The last section in the Chapter (§ 8) provided that extraordinary restrictions of the rights and freedoms of citizens and the imposition of burdens come into force in the event of the proclamation of a state of emergency on the basis and within the limits of the corresponding laws. In the course of the discussions led by the lawyer and member of the Labour Party, Lui Olesk, the Committee turned the original general limitations clause into an emergency powers clause resembling similar provisions in the Russian Constitution of 1906 (Article 83) and the Austrian Basic Law on the General Rights of Nationals of 1867 (Article 20). Uluots urged the Committee to include protection of private property in the Bill as a safeguard against tyranny. The provision caused long and heated debates on the limits to nationalisation of private property, especially the principle of fair compensation. The provision was rejected by the majority of both the Committee and the plenary session. In anticipation of land reform, the deputies did not want to narrow down legal options for the expropriation of large estates owned mostly by the German nobility. After their defeat on the protection of private property, the right-wing members wished to protect freedom to choose an occupation and engage in business, trade, industry and agriculture. The majority refused again, arguing that during the war, there had been too much profiteering, and speculators do not deserve protection, and also that the government should have free hands to regulate industry. Without any long deliberations, the Committee also rejected the proposal to allow citizens to sue civil servants in criminal courts. Jans defended his proposal by pointing out the high level of corruption among officials and the need to provide the people with a means for self-defence. His opponents argued that Estonia had already set up administrative courts in February of 1919, providing citizens with an avenue for challenging the corrupt practices of officials. Committee and Assembly members also discussed the legal nature of the fundamental rights and freedoms included in the Bill. Some social democrats deemed it important to craft the provisions as guarantees that citizens can enforce against the state (Jans), but the majority deemed the provisions as political guidance for the legislator. Supporters of the latter view were afraid that direct enforceability of the Civil Rights Chapter would saddle the government with an unsurmountable economic burden. The state’s only directly binding obligation was probably the right to free elementary education.

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Shashkova, Olga A., e Marina A. Shpakovskaya. "The Communist University of the Toilers of the East (KUTV): Its Establishment under the Comintern in 1920s-30s". Herald of an archivist, n. 3 (2018): 704–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-3-704-716.

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The article reviews major milestones in the history of the Communist University of the Toilers of the East (KUTV) and its role in formation of the Soviet-centric political avant-garde in some countries of the East. The creation of this educational institution was connected with the resolution of the Central Committee of the RCP(b) оf January 21, 1921 On Organization of the Eastern Courses under the People's Commissariat of Nationalities (Narkomnats), later enshrined in the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (April 21, 1921). The university firmly established itself within the vast network of international institutions of the Comintern. Although it had never been quantitatively dominant in the institute, the Sector ‘A’ (or the Special Sector, or the Inosektor, as this department for international students was known in different periods) was crucial for the development of its complex system, as the policy of the 3rd International formed the core of its activities. The modest historiography on the history of the university in the Soviet period describes its development as overcoming difficulties in on-going forward movement. A more comprehensive picture emerges in the documents from the KUTV archival fond stored in the RGASPI (fond 532). 12,000 files of the fond include about 10,000 personal files of students and teachers. They show the sinuosities of the KUTV history from its organization to high noon of its activities and to its end in consequence of the restructuring of the party education system in the USSR in 1938. The university accumulated unique experience of training almost illiterate people to become middle-ranking executives in a very short time. A considerable part of the future leaders of colonial countries passed through the university. This Comintern coordinated process secured Soviet national interests. The university also laid the basis for Soviet Oriental studies. All this does not allow to call the university a purely propagandistic institution for ‘export’ of the world revolution and prompts to look behind utilitarian ideological clich?s. The article studies its unique experience in forming the national elites of the Oriental countries, which were to become communist champions of world revolution, and thus provides a professional-level picture of the university organization and management that recognized special nature of the multiethnic student body. It introduces statistical and personal data on the graduates that prove the efficiency of the university. The study may be of interest to political technologists, who determine mode of modern universities’ interaction with the Oriental countries.

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Costa, Rita de Cassia Almeida da, e Azeneth Eufrausino Schuler. "Family Farmers and Water Conservation: Learning Nature-Based Solutions as Human Based Solution". Proceedings 30, n. 1 (16 giugno 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030086.

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Bringing up conservation awareness among key stakeholders is essential for water management and it requires motivation and dialogue in order to achieve local and global environmental sustainability. Water management and agriculture must be in agreement to guarantee current and future multiple uses of water. This paper presents the role of outdoor education as a way for citizens to get involved in territory demands. This study-case of participatory monitoring of Macabu River Basin has been carried out since 2012 in Trajano de Moraes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Firstly, a bibliographic review and search of historical documents offered the basis to the project “River Macabu in action: history, knowledge and life”. It was aimed at linking land use to water quality and involved students from nine different schools. The relationship between surface water and hydrologic cycle was observed through monitoring rainfall at nine pluviometers installed along 70 km of river length, and the water quality at eleven collection points. The project strategy focused on experiencing historical and geographic contexts and understanding the nature’s goods as a heritage of affective value before endowing it with economic one. The project was triggered after the agreement of various societal segments and an effective sharing for the adequacy of different ways of execution. In the first few months the farmers’ resistance to the project had been overcome as they were sensitized by relatives involved in it. After some time, most farmers got connected to territory and were able to understand the state of the river as an extension of their own choices. Then, conservation practices in agriculture became more frequent mainly in the upper part of the watershed acting as links between the urban and the rural population. The methodology developed in this project was acknowledged as a citizenship solution for water by “Market of Solutions” in the 8th World Water Forum held in 2018. The engagement of young people has been noticed in different forums such as the National Conference on Environment. The farmers’ practical knowledge associated to hands-on education and effective participation in actions for water management actions were considered fundamental to the citizens’ comprehension of the environmental conservation. The results showed the benefits from the farmers and their children’s involvement in the management of water and territory. The participation of family farmers in the River Basin Committees is considered highly relevant to the fulfilment of their legal role as core forums of the water management.

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Nyati-Saleshando, Lydia. "Cultural Diversity and African Language Education: The Role of Urbanization and Globalization". Journal of Studies in Education 6, n. 1 (16 febbraio 2016): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v6i1.8243.

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The African Union has been committed to the development and promotion of African languages for a long time. This is in cognizance of the fact that, language is the DNA of culture and its vehicle of expression. The Languages Plan of Action which was first adopted in 1986 and reviewed in 2006 outlines clear goals to be achieved by member states in the promotion and recognition of African languages. The Plan for all its intents and purposes has good will for the development and use of African languages in critical social domains such as education, trade, government and media. The Policy Guide on the Integration of African Languages and Cultures into the Education systems adopted in 2010 and Aspirations 3 and 5 on Agenda 2063 are clear examples of such good intentions. On the other hand, practice continues to show very little, if any, improvement in the development and use of African languages in these critical domains. Scholars have explored several reasons why African languages continue to have low socio-economic status (Bamgbose (2011), Batibo (2013), Nyati-Ramahobo (2011), Chebanne, 2010). Globalization and urbanization have been described to be among the many factors responsible for this state of affairs. This paper aims to explore these two factors to see how they contribute to language under-utilization and the inherent loss of African languages. Are globalization and urbanization by nature detrimental to language diversity resulting in language loss? The paper concludes that urbanization and globalization are facilitators of language and cultural diversity. However, it is policy frameworks operating on and in Africa which shape values and attitudes against the use of African languages. These policy frameworks are politically driven by multi-national corporations for economic exploitation of Africa.

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Peng, Shaolin. "Pioneers of Allelopathy: XVI. Shaolin Peng". Allelopathy Journal 52, n. 1 (gennaio 2021): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26651/allelo.j/2021-52-1-1304.

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Shaolin Peng contributed immensely to restoration ecology research in last 40- years and has published 700 papers. He has made innovative and theoretical breakthroughs in vegetation restoration, ecological restoration of invaded ecosystems, interaction between ecological restoration and global change, etc. One of his key achievements is vegetation restoration in subtropical South China. He has developed new models of vegetation in natural succession, replacement and fluctuation, advanced theory and proved that extremely degraded tropical forests can be restored. He established that allelopathy is one of the driving forces of forest succession and did related studies on systematic sampling and analysis of several forest communities from south to north in China. He has done outstanding research on invasive plants and examined the Novel Weapon Hypothesis (allelopathic inhibition) of invasive alien plants in South China and determined the various aspects of invasive mechanism of alien plants (molecular mechanism of elevated temperature and CO effects in allelopathy of invasive plants). He put forward the ‘Allelopathic resistance hypothesis (native plants resistance to invasive plants)’ and ‘ecological control theory’. In recognition of his contributions to Allelopathy field, he was awarded the Outstanding Achievement Award by the International Allelopathy Foundation. He also did in-depth studies on ecological impacts of invasive plants, specifically focusing on plant-soil feedback and plant-AMF symbiosis. Besides, Peng has mentored 68 Ph.D. and 38 M.Sc graduates, and was recognized as Prominent Teacher by Sun Yat-sen University. He has been the Vice President, Ecological Society of China, Vice Chairman, Nature Conservation and Eco-Environment Teaching Steering Committee, Ministry of Education, Member, Academic Degree Commission of State Council, Awarded ‘Top Ten Outstanding Youth in China’, Young Scientist Award, Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Outstanding Scientific and Technical Worker of China.

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Chambergo-Michilot, Diego, Alexis Rebatta-Acuña, Carolina J. Delgado-Flores e Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo. "Socioeconomic determinants of hypertension and prehypertension in Peru: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey". PLOS ONE 16, n. 1 (26 gennaio 2021): e0245730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245730.

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Background Peru is a Latin American country with a significant burden of hypertension that presents worrying rates of disparities in socioeconomic determinants. However, there is a lack of studies exploring the association between those determinants, hypertension and prehypertension in Peruvian population. Objective We aimed to assess the association betwgeen socioeconomic determinants, hypertension and prehypertension using a nationally representative survey of Peruvians. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (2018), which is a two-staged regional-level representative survey. We used data from 33,336 people aged 15 and older. The dependent variable was blood pressure classification (normal, prehypertension and hypertension) following the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC-7) on hypertension management. Independent variables were socioeconomic: age, sex, marital status, wealth index, health insurance, education, region and area of residence. Due to the nature of the dependent variable (more than two categories), we opted to use the multinomial regression model, adjusting the effect of the multistage sample using the svy command. We tested interactions with the adjusted Wald test. Results The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 33.68% and 19.77%, respectively. Awareness was higher in urban than in rural areas (9.61% vs. 8.31%, p = 0.008). Factors associated with a higher prevalence ratio of both prehypertension and hypertension were age (ratios rose with each age group), male sex (prehypertension aRPR 5.15, 95%CI 4.63–5.73; hypertension aRPR 3.85, 95% CI 3.37–4.40) and abdominal obesity (prehypertension aRPR 2.11, 95%CI 1.92–2.31; hypertension aRPR 3.04, 95% CI 2.69–3.43). Factors with a lower prevalence ratio of both diseases were secondary education (prehypertension aRPR 0.76, 95%CI 0.60–0.95; hypertension aRPR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58–0.97), higher education (prehypertension aRPR 0.78, 95%CI 0.61–0.99; hypertension aRPR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46–0.82), being married/cohabiting (prehypertension aRPR 0.87, 95%CI 0.79–0.95; hypertension aRPR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68–0.87), richest wealth index (only prehypertension aRPR 0.76, 95%CI 0.63–0.92) and living in cities different to Lima (rest of the Coastline, Highlands and Jungle). Having health insurance (only hypertension aRPR 1.26, 95%CI 1.03–1.53) and current drinking (only prehypertension aRPR 1.15, 95%CI 1.01–1.32) became significant factors in rural areas. Conclusions We evidenced socioeconomic disparities among people with hypertension and prehypertension. Better health policies on reducing the burden of risk factors are needed, besides, policy decision makers should focus on hypertension preventive strategies in Peru.

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Roos, Liana, Erika Löfström e Marvi Remmik. "Individual and Structural Challenges in Doctoral Education: An Ethical Perspective". International Journal of Doctoral Studies 16 (2021): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4738.

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Aim/Purpose: The study set out to understand the challenges doctoral students experience at different systemic levels of doctoral education through the perspective of ethical principles. Background: Doctoral students experience various challenges on their journey to the degree, and as high dropout rates indicate, these challenges become critical for many students. Several individual and structural level aspects, such as student characteristics, supervisory relationship, the academic community as well national policies and international trends, influence doctoral studies, and students’ experiences have been researched quite extensively. Although some of the challenges doctoral students experience may be ethical in nature, few studies have investigated these challenges specifically from an ethics perspective. Methodology: The study drew on qualitative descriptions of significant negative incidents from 90 doctoral students from an online survey. The data were first analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis, and then the themes were located within different systemic levels of doctoral studies: individual (e.g., doctoral student, the individual relationship with supervisor) and structural (e.g., the institution, faculty, academic community). Finally, the ethical principles at stake were identified, applying the framework of five common ethical principles: respect for autonomy, benefiting others (beneficence), doing no harm (non-maleficence), being just (justice), and being faithful (fidelity). Contribution: Understanding doctoral students’ experiences from an ethical perspective and locating these among the systemic levels of doctoral studies contributes to a better understanding of the doctoral experience’s complexities. Ethical considerations should be integrated when creating and implementing procedures, rules, and policies for doctoral education. Making the ethical aspects visible will also allow universities to develop supervisor and faculty training by concretely targeting doctoral studies aspects highlighted as ethically challenging. Findings: In doctoral students’ experiences, structural level ethical challenges out-weighed breaches of common ethical principles at the individual level of doctoral studies. In the critical experiences, the principle of beneficence was at risk in the form of a lack of support by the academic community, a lack of financial support, and bureaucracy. Here, the system and the community were unsuccessful in contributing positively to doctoral students’ welfare and fostering their growth. At the individual level, supervision abandonment experiences, inadequate supervision, and students’ struggle to keep study-related commitments breached fidelity, which was another frequently compromised principle. Although located at the individual level of studies, these themes are rooted in the structural level. Additionally, the progress review reporting and assessment process was a recurrent topic in experiences in which the principles of non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice were at stake. Recommendations for Practitioners: Going beyond the dyadic student-supervisor relationship and applying the ethics of responsibility, where university, faculty, supervisors, and students share a mutual responsibility, could alleviate ethically problematic experiences. Recommendation for Researchers: We recommend that further research focus on experiences around the ethics in the progress reporting and assessment process through in-depth interviews with doctoral students and assessment committee members. Impact on Society: Dropout rates are high and time to degree completion is long. An ethical perspective may shed light on why doctoral studies fail in efficiency. Ethical aspects should be considered when defining the quality of doctoral education. Future Research: A follow-up study with supervisors and members of the academic community could contribute to developing a conceptual framework combining systemic levels and ethics in doctoral education.

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Degnan, Daniel D., John B. Hertig, Michael J. Peters e James G. Stevenson. "Board of Pharmacy Practices Related to Medication Errors and Their Potential Impact on Patient Safety". Journal of Pharmacy Practice 31, n. 3 (20 giugno 2017): 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190017715562.

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State boards of pharmacy are generally responsible for the governance of the practice of pharmacy. While the regulatory process and methods for accomplishing this task may vary by state, all boards of pharmacy must address medication errors committed by pharmacists. The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) has recommended that state boards of pharmacy implement best practices and enforcement actions that are aimed to promote patient safety and reduce medication errors. The current study was designed to identify and compare current corrective action practices among boards of pharmacy in response to medication errors. An electronic survey regarding board policies and anticipated board actions in response to hypothetical medication error scenarios was sent to boards of pharmacy for completion. Approximately 45% of pharmacy boards responded. Survey responses demonstrated that corrective actions and consequences were levied against pharmacists inconsistently among state boards. Corrective action plans and process improvement components were lacking in a majority of state board of pharmacy practices. Medication safety education for pharmacists and for members on boards of pharmacy was insufficient in many states. Responses to hypothetical error scenarios indicated that most board actions are educational and punitive in nature, rather than focusing on systems improvement.

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Sokolovskyy, Oleksandr. "The influence of interethnic relations on cross-border cooperation". Grani 23, n. 4 (5 luglio 2020): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172041.

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The research is based on the features of the influence of interethnic relations on the development of cross-border cooperation. It is noted that, provided effective ethno-national policies are implemented, multi-ethnic border regions have the advantage that national communities facilitate cross-border cooperation, and they often act as intermediaries in inter-regional relations. It has been proven that interethnic relations have a significant impact on the development of cross-border cooperation, in particular the importance of local authorities and national governments, which have a significant role to play in the issues of inter-ethnic relations in the region. It is argued that in the development of cross-border cooperation, greater emphasis should be placed on programs and projects aimed at improving the coexistence and development of national minorities in the border regions where they are most often living compactly, in particular representatives of national minorities; as a factor of European integration. For the successful development of cross-border cooperation, it is important to understand the needs and interests of the ethnic communities of a particular region, and to take into account historical, cultural factors. It is noted that the integration model is effective in the development of cross-border cooperation, since it enables different ethnic groups and national minorities to maintain their national identity, as well as to participate in regional and inter-state cooperation. Each interethnic community in Europe has its own peculiarities, and therefore the general list of recommendations included in the European Charter does not list the granting of large permits to municipal regions. However, these documents formed the basis for cross-border cooperation in European regions, and the provisions contained therein strengthened activities in this field. An important fact is that most inter-ethnic cooperation activities are within the structures of the European Union. The most common term is "territorial cooperation" or "cross-border cooperation", which are understood as different types of cooperation programs. These programs support the promotion and implementation of joint projects of an international nature throughout the European Union and its neighbors. A specific form of cross-border cooperation is Euroregional. Its characteristic feature is the institutionalization of cross-border cooperation structures. These structures may be: interethnic associations, councils, secretariats, committees, working groups, etc. Euroregional cooperation is carried out within the Euroregion. The Euroregion can be seen as a formal structure of cooperation, adopted on the basis of agreements between interethnic local and regional authorities in order to deepen economic and social cooperation. It is emphasized that the European experience of using the opportunities of cooperation with national minorities in multiethnic regions is of great importance for Ukraine, in particular, the work of the Council of Europe, the EU Strategy for the Danube Region (EUSDR), the Association of European Border Regions, which receive considerable attention, is useful. national minorities in the development of cross-border cooperation. European experience demonstrates that, with proper organization of state policy and historical experience, the involvement of ethnic groups in cross-border cooperation can have a positive impact. Interethnic cooperation promotes political stability and reduces tensions in border areas, and has a positive impact on economic cooperation, development of education, science and culture. It is proved that cross-border cooperation must take into account the nature of ethno-political relations in the border regions, promote the provision of conditions for the development of ethno-cultural characteristics of national minorities and develop mechanisms of interethnic interaction, cooperation of local authorities and public organizations of national minorities.

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Ekanem, Samuel Asuquo, Edobor Peter Kenneth Imarenezor e Chinenye Precious Okolisah. "An Essencist Evaluation of Socio-Economic Impacts of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic in Nigeria". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, n. 5 (23 settembre 2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0057.

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There is a tripartite global crises of social, economic and health unlike any in the past almost eight decades history of the United Nations that is fast killing people, increasing and spreading human woes and sufferings with an unending existential calamities. This is indeed, beyond health, economic and social crises. It is evidently human existential crises that have the potency and potential to bring about existential eclipse of the human race. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is wreaking havoc on societies at their core. With the International Monetary Fund (IMF) reassessment of the prospect for growth for 2020 and 2021, and the declaration that there is a global recession that is as bad as or even worse than the 2009 situation, Nigeria socio-economic survival is at risk. The only hope of any recovery in 2021 is if the country succeeds in containing the pandemic and take sound and necessary economic decisions and measures. The only roadmap for the socio-economic survival of the country will depend on the proactive management approaches, health policy framework and leadership that will comprehensively address the several social conditions that have to do with health education and literacy level, both nationally and internationally in the areas of economic stimulus that will demand both government and citizens partnerships and the constitution of National Technical Committee on Coronavirus (NTCC) that will relate with a global technical body. The efficient execution of these policy and ideas will certainly demand the total cooperation of all strata of the society, which will include governmental agencies, information experts, civil societies, health experts, educationists and the citizens. What the paper therefore advocates is a multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches anchored on a sound philosophy through the educational process towards overcoming this 21st century invisible monster. Our approach in this paper will be a combination of analysis and philosophical evidential speculation, which will inspire creativity that will match the novel nature of the crisis.

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Rigotti, Victor Luiz Duarte, Thaís Vasconcelos Silva, Maria Aparecida da Silva Alves e Renata Freitag. "Percepção Ambiental em uma Ação Pedagógica para Alunos do Ensino Médio em Juína-MT: Educação Ambiental em Foco". Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 20, n. 2 (27 giugno 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2019v20n2p126-131.

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A Lei nº 9.795 de 27 de abril de 1999, que institui a Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental, em seu artigo 5º, recomenda como referência os Parâmetros e as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, na inclusão da Educação Ambiental, em todos os níveis e modalidades de ensino, observando-se que deve haver a integração da educação ambiental às disciplinas de modo transversal, contínuo e permanente. Diante deste cenário, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a percepção de estudantes do Ensino Médio na identificação dos tipos de poluição encontrados em ruas, na cidade de Juína-MT. A atividade foi desenvolvida na Escola Estadual Dr. Artur Antunes Maciel durante as aulas da disciplina de biologia no ano letivo de 2014. A pesquisa foi realizada com alunos do terceiro ano matutino. A turma foi dividida em três grupos, cada qual se comprometeu em fazer 40 imagens fotográficas com registros de poluição em quatro ruas urbanas. Todos os resultados foram tabelados e classificados em poluição do ar, da água, do solo e sonora. Esta pesquisa otimizou a relação entre os alunos e a sociedade, sendo uma excelente proposta para demais profissionais da educação. Portanto, a educação é o ponto chave para o desenvolvimento sustentável, e que é preciso reestruturar o processo de ensino, rever as atitudes e o comportamento em busca do equilíbrio entre o Homem e a Natureza. Palavras-chave: Poluição Urbana. Educação Ambiental. Sensibilização Ambiental. AbstractLaw N°. 9,795 of April 27, 1999, which establishes a National Environmental Education Policy, in its article 5, as a reference to the National Curriculum Guidelines and Parameters, in the Inclusion of Environmental Education at all levels and observing that there must be an integration of the information to the disciplines in a transversal, continuous and permanent way. Given this scenario, the present work had the objective of identifying high school students in the identification of the types of media found in the city of Juína-MT. The class was developed at the State School Dr. Artur Antunes Maciel during biology classes in the academic year of 2014. The class was divided into three groups, each of which committed to make 40 photographic images with pollution records on four urban streets. The results were tabulated and classified as air, water, soil and noise pollution. This research optimized the relationship between students and society, being one of the proposals presented for the number of education professionals. Therefore, education is the key to sustainable development, which is necessary for the teaching process, to revise attitudes and behavior in search of the balance between Man and Nature. Keywords: Urban Pollution. Environmental Education. Environmental Awareness.

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Mohapatra, Mr Rashmi Ranjan. "Sustainable Urban Development and Livability". MET Management Review 09, n. 02 (2022): 05–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34047/mmr.2020.9201.

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Sustainable cities are central to achieving all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). By 2050 cities will contain approximately 70% of the world's population and produce 85 per cent of global economic output. Policy and investment decisions made today will have a deep and long-lasting impact, based on the concentration of people and economic activities, and the long-term nature of urban systems and infrastructure.Urban development should proceed in a well-planned, integrated, and inclusive manner, with city governments working together with businesses, civil society organizations, academia, and individuals, and with national governments, as well as the authorities in neighbouring urban towns and rural areas, and peer cities around the world. A robust “science of cities” can give urban policymakers around the world access to a body of knowledge and good practices.Urban decision makers should take the central tenet of the 2030 Agenda to heart and ensure that no one is left behind in their cities and towns. That means prioritizing pro-poor development and access to decent jobs; high-quality public services, health care and education; sustainable transport; and safe and attractive public spaces for all, regardless of gender, age, ability, and ethnicity.Governments, businesses, civil society organizations and individuals can use a range of policy, economic and communications tools to promote sustainable consumption and production patterns in cities, encourage densified habitat and decouple growth from environmental degradation. Innovative governments, a committed private sector and an active citizenry can overcome inequalities and create livable cities in both developing and developed countries. livable cities offer high-quality services and increase “naturbanity”, a close connection between people and nature, to enhance human health and well-being, protect biodiversity, and strengthen climate resilience, which is particularly important for vulnerable populations in coastal cities and those in informal settlements.

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Fauzi, Taty, e Nurbaiti Nurbaiti. "Accompanying Students to a Free Public Intervention and Traumatis". Konselor 6, n. 2 (15 agosto 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/02017627577-0-00.

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Structuring the direction of national education brings learners ready to face the competition of global competition. Physical arrangement, the psychic's independence is continuously pursued. School counselors will continue to draw their duties and the nature altruistick attitude acts as a safety practitioner in dealing with cases - cases that occur in the school environment. Counselors as recruitment of competent and humanistic skills to support teaching philosophy that learners are given a role in the implementation of the curriculum. Teaching support, counselor to facilitator. To be a facilitator in the learning process skills possessed packed in one sense (sensitive, sympathetic, empathetic, altruistic). Humanistic counselor not possible to include constructivist instruction, either in the classroom or outside the classroom. School counselors are ready to get in on the issues of modern society (WTO, ASEAN, AFEC, AFTA, and MEA). The development of agrarian society that continues to erode into industrial society, impact on the lifestyle of learners How could materialize if the qualified graduates learners mentally shackled, depressed, causing the trauma of abuse in the mix, one in up bringing. Based on Act N0. 23 In 2002 the government explicitly states that every individual should have the opportunity to grow and develop, participate and, protection from discrimination. The reality often appears injustices and violations committed by unscrupulous teachers or peers. The government felt responsible and ensure that no children or learners received physical abuse, psychological

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46

Turner, James J., e Michael A. Chesters. "Norman Sheppard. 16 May 1921—10 April 2015". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 65 (8 agosto 2018): 357–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2017.0043.

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Norman Sheppard was an exceptional man as scientist, teacher and administrator, but he was also kind, generous, honourable and extremely modest. He was the international expert on the application of vibrational spectroscopy to molecular structure, in solids, on surfaces, in solution and in the gas phase. One significant feature of his science was that he was always on the lookout for new developments in spectroscopy to apply to chemical structure (e.g. NMR, RAIRS, EELS). Always passionate about expanding higher education opportunities, he moved from Cambridge in 1964—as Professor of Chemical Physics—to help Professor Alan Katritzky (FRS) found the chemistry department at the new University of East Anglia. He was heavily involved in national and international matters: council member of the Royal Society; president of the Faraday Division of the Royal Society of Chemistry; member of the Infrared and Raman Discussion Group and first chairman of the NMR Discussion Group; member of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and several of its committees. His early work in two major areas of spectroscopy was very important in underpinning their use in chemical analysis, central to industry and forensic science. He was a devoted family man. In his spare time he was fascinated by architecture, nature and photography. Latterly he became interested in the science–religion debate and the philosophy of science.

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Petrenko, Anatolii. "OECD acts as instruments of soft international law". Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, n. 3 (10 novembre 2020): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.27.

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A characteristic feature of the modern system of international relations is that the not only the international legal norms, but alsothe rules of soft international law are the regulators, with the constantly growing share of the latter. There is a great variety of conceptsregarding the nature of soft international law in modern doctrine of international law. However, it is indisputable fact that internationalorganizations play significant role in its development. One of such international organizations is the Organization for Economic Cooperationand Development, whose rule-making activities are largely implemented through the adoption of legally non-binding documentsbut at the same time they have a significant impact on the behavior of the international law subjects. The organization unites 36 industrializedcountries. Thus, of the total number of regulations of various legal force adopted or developed under the auspices of the OECDduring the entire period of existence of this international organization, acts of soft international law account for approximately 78 percent. In total, the OECD adopted 454 regulations, including 13 international treaties, 87 decisions, 300 recommendations, 36 declarationsand 18 other legally non-binding international instruments. Recommendations are adopted in accordance with Art. 5, 6 and 7 ofthe OECD Convention and paragraph 18B of the Rules of Procedure of the Organization and are transferred to the Member States forconsideration. So the Member States may, if they deem it appropriate, implement them in their national law. OECD Declarations arelegally optional framework documents establishing the general principles and long-term goals of cooperation between states within theframework of this international organization. In general, declarations are not acts of the OECD within the meaning of Art. 5 of theOECD Convention, but in practice their implementation is monitored by OECD bodies. Apart from recommendations and declarationsOECD also practices the following types of legal non-binding regulations: Arrangement and Understanding which can be described asgentleman’s agreements and also the recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) OECD. With all these do -cuments, the OECD regulates international cooperation on a wide range of socio-economic issues, including the fight against corruption,taxation, regional development, environmental protection, finance and investment, trade, industry, social policy, consumer protection,science and education, shipbuilding and transport, energy, etc.

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48

Petrenko, Anatolii. "OECD acts as instruments of soft international law". Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, n. 3 (10 novembre 2020): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.74.

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Abstract (sommario):

A characteristic feature of the modern system of international relations is that the not only the international legal norms, but alsothe rules of soft international law are the regulators, with the constantly growing share of the latter. There is a great variety of conceptsregarding the nature of soft international law in modern doctrine of international law. However, it is indisputable fact that internationalorganizations play significant role in its development. One of such international organizations is the Organization for Economic Cooperationand Development, whose rule-making activities are largely implemented through the adoption of legally non-binding documentsbut at the same time they have a significant impact on the behavior of the international law subjects. The organization unites 36 industrializedcountries. Thus, of the total number of regulations of various legal force adopted or developed under the auspices of the OECDduring the entire period of existence of this international organization, acts of soft international law account for approximately 78 percent. In total, the OECD adopted 454 regulations, including 13 international treaties, 87 decisions, 300 recommendations, 36 declarationsand 18 other legally non-binding international instruments. Recommendations are adopted in accordance with Art. 5, 6 and 7 ofthe OECD Convention and paragraph 18B of the Rules of Procedure of the Organization and are transferred to the Member States forconsideration. So the Member States may, if they deem it appropriate, implement them in their national law. OECD Declarations arelegally optional framework documents establishing the general principles and long-term goals of cooperation between states within theframework of this international organization. In general, declarations are not acts of the OECD within the meaning of Art. 5 of theOECD Convention, but in practice their implementation is monitored by OECD bodies. Apart from recommendations and declarationsOECD also practices the following types of legal non-binding regulations: Arrangement and Understanding which can be described asgentleman’s agreements and also the recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) OECD. With all these do -cuments, the OECD regulates international cooperation on a wide range of socio-economic issues, including the fight against corruption,taxation, regional development, environmental protection, finance and investment, trade, industry, social policy, consumer protection,science and education, shipbuilding and transport, energy, etc.

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Schobersberger, Wolfgang, Cornelia Blank, Richard Budgett, Andrew Pipe e Mark Campbell Stuart. "Compliance with needle-use declarations at two Olympic Winter Games: Sochi (2014) and PyeongChang (2018)". British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, n. 1 (15 giugno 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100342.

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ObjectivesWe describe compliance with the ‘IOC Needle Policy’ at two Winter Olympic Games (Sochi and PyeongChang) and compare these findings to those of the Summer Olympic Games of Rio de Janeiro.MethodAll needle-use declaration(s) (NUD) received during the course of the 2014 and 2018 Olympic Games were reviewed. We recorded socio-demographic data, the nature and purpose of needle use, product(s) injected, and route of administration. Data were analysed descriptively.ResultsIn total, doctors from 22 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) submitted 122 NUD involving 82 athletes in Sochi; in PyeongChang, doctors from 19 NOCs submitted 82 NUD involving 61 athletes. This represented approximately 2% of all athletes at both Games, and 25% and 20% of all NOCs participating in Sochi and PyeongChang, respectively. No marked differences in the NUD distribution patterns were apparent when comparing the two Winter Olympic Games. The most commonly administered substances were as follows: local anaesthetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and glucocorticoids. Physicians submitted multiple NUD for 24% of all athletes who required a NUD.ConclusionA limited number of NOCs submitted NUD suggesting a low incidence of needle use or limited compliance (approximately 2%). A key challenge for the future is to increase the rate of compliance in submitting NUD. More effective education of NOCs, team physicians and athletes regarding the NUD policy, its purpose, and the necessity for NUD submissions, in association with the enforcement of the appropriate sanctions following non-compliance are needed.

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Nawaz, Allah, e Iftikhar Ahmad. "TEACHER AS RESEARCH ROLE-MODEL". Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 16, n. 3 (30 settembre 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46903/gjms/16.03.1954.

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At the higher education level, teachers are more effective as role-models. Given the independent nature of higher education, the impact of role-models is far reaching rather they either make or break the future academics and practices of their students. Higher education commission (HEC) of Pakistan is making all its efforts out to popularize ‘research-culture’ in every higher educational institution (HEI) of the country with a view to transforming into a knowledge economy, which is indispensable for the survival of our higher education at the global level of competition. Research culture can only become common place if the propagandists i.e. the teachers themselves are preparing and updating themselves to be effective role-models for the learners. HEC has introduced several ‘faculty development programs’ with the same objective of creating research environment through research-oriented faculties in HEIs of the country. On one hand teachers must learn research tools and techniques and on the other hand communicate their expertise in the seminars, conferences, and workshops for the students and colleagues thereby creating an echo of research culture across the seats of learning in the breadth and depth of the state. The knowledge and expertise of teachers in research methodologies is fundamental to the objective of becoming research role-model for the students and fellow teachers. All higher education teachers must do this individually and group-wise with utmost attention and by sparing their precious time so that results could be expected with precision and accuracy. If teachers can create the image of researcher-teachers among their pupil, there is natural reaction of following role-models in the same direction. Students can then be provided facilities and guidance in how to proceed and capitalize on research opportunities in their respective departments, institutions, national and international levels. As said earlier, teachers as research-models have to demonstrate themselves through different modes of behavior with their students and colleagues. The most dominant behavior is the expression of command over research methodology with focus on the updated knowledge and practices relevant to their field of study and research. The second and equally critical behavior is the readiness of teachers 24/7 to help students and fellow-teachers in any kind of research assignment or inquiry about understanding and/or application of research tools and techniques. The expertise of teacher in research, matters a lot however after this what makes the difference is the teacher’s explicit behavior like cooperation and attention while dealing with student-scholars in handling their research interests and practices. The research role-models have images in the research community and a say in research-related decision-making processes of the institute /department, which is valued and respected thereby motivating the students to be effectively committed. For higher education in Pakistan, research is the only future therefore all stakeholders in this sector, particularly teachers have no option but to whole-heatedly concentrate on nourishing their research knowledge and skills with an intention to contribute towards research culture in the country and help new generation becoming effective part of the global village and knowledge economy at the national and international levels simultaneously.

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