Tesi: "Nasara" – Grafiati

1

Karlsson, Jeanette. "Nascrac vs Nasgro : sprickpropagering". Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-821.

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2

Truilhé, Yves. "Rhinométrie acoustique et confort nasal : étude prospective sur 102 cas". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23001.

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3

Monredon, Olivier de. "Obstruction nasale morphologique : identification et rôle du septum, application au traitement chirurgical de l'obstruction nasale". Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR23018.

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4

Papon, Jean-François. "Développement de nouvelles explorations tissulaires et cellulaires des pathologies nasales obstructives". Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST0028.

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L’obstruction nasale chronique (ONC) est un symptôme banal qui révèle de nombreuses pathologies rhinologiques ostéo-cartilagineuses et/ou muqueuses. Les explorations de l’ONC aident à la démarche diagnostique et permettent d’évaluer le retentissement de l’ONC sur la muqueuse nasale.Afin de répondre aux problèmes que je rencontre dans ma pratique clinique en rhinologie, j’ai orienté mes travaux de recherche vers le développement de nouveaux outils d’exploration des pathologies nasales obstructives :1. A l’échelle tissulaire, dans le cadre des rhinites chroniques, en particulier le dysfonctionnement nasal neurovégétatif qui restait un diagnostic d’élimination. J’ai montré que la compliance nasale, mesurée par rhinométrie acoustique, est perturbée dans les deux causes les plus fréquentes de rhinite chronique, d’une part, et est utile au diagnostic de dysfonctionnement nasal neurovégétatif, d’autre part.2. A l’échelle cellulaire, en m’intéressant à la cellule ciliée de l’épithélium respiratoire. J’ai étudié les avantages et les limites de l’étude ciliaire par microscopie électronique à transmission pour le diagnostic de dyskinésie ciliaire primitive. A l’aide de la vidéomicroscopie numérique à haute vitesse, j’ai développé des paramètres objectifs permettant de caractériser précisément le battement ciliaire. J’ai montré que ces paramètres étaient utiles pour le diagnostic de dyskinésie ciliaire primitive, pour étudier les cils respiratoires au cours de l’amaurose congénitale de Leber ou pour étudier le rôle de la protéine BUG22 dans le battement ciliaire de la paramécie
Chronic nasal obstruction (CNO) is a common symptom and corresponds to diseases affecting bones, cartilages and/or mucosa of the nose. Objective monitoring of nasal patency is useful for identifying the etiology of CNO and for evaluating its effects on the mucosa.My research is guided by the numerous challenges encountered through my clinical practice of rhinology. I have developed new objective tools for exploring obstructive nasal diseases:1. At tissue level, I focused on chronic rhinitis, especially the neurovegetative nasal dysfunction which remained a diagnosis of exclusion so far. Using acoustic rhinometry, I have shown that the nasal compliance was abnormal in the two most common causes of chronic rhinitis and was a useful measure for the diagnosis of neurovegetative nasal dysfunction.2. At cell level, I focused on the ciliated cell of the respiratory epithelium. I studied the advantages and limits of transmission electron microscopy analysis of cilia for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Using digital high-speed videomicroscopy, I have established objective parameters that precisely characterize ciliary beating. I have shown that these parameters were useful for diagnosing primary ciliary dyskinesia, for studying respiratory cilia of patients affected by Leber congenital amaurosis or for studying the role of BUG22 protein in ciliary beating of paramecia

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Bezerra, Thiago Freire Pinto. "O papel do biofilme na rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-01082012-135039/.

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Introdução: A patogenia da rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal não está completamente estabelecida e existem algumas explicações para essa doença como os superantigenos, o desequilíbrio inflamatório e, mais recentemente, o biofilme. Objetivos: Avaliar a associação entre a presença do biofilme e a presença de rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal. Avaliar o quadro clínico e radiológico pré-operatória e pós-operatória segundo a presença do biofilme. Métodos: Este é uma estudo realizado em um hospital terciário universitário. A primeira parte foi um estudo caso-controle com um grupo de 33 pacientes consecutivos com rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal submetidos a cirurgica endoscópica nasossinusal e um grupo controle de 27 pacientes submetidos a septoplastia para tratamento de obstrução nasal. As amostras da mucosa foram coletadas no intra-operatório para avaliação por microscopia eletrônica de varredura para determinar a presença do biofilme. A segunda parte foi um estudo prospectivo em que dados pré-operatórios e pós-operatórios foram registrados, incluindo avaliações padronizadas da qualidade de vida doença-específica relacionadas à obstrução nasal e à rinossinusite, da endoscopia nasal e da tomografia de cavidades paranasais. A análise estatísca foi realizada. Para todos os testes um p=0.05 foi considerado significativo. Resultados: Os biofilmes foram encontrados em 72.7% (24/33) dos pacientes com rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal e 48.1% (13/27) dos pacientes submetidos a septoplastia (Odd ratio=2.87, IC95% 0.9796-8.419, p=0.051). Este foi o primeiro estudo a analisar o efeito da presença do biofilme nos resultados pós-operatórios com medidas padronizadas de um grupo de pacientes apenas com rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal. O biofilme estava presente em 72.4% (21/29) dos pacientes que completaram o seguimento. Os pacientes com biofilmes apresentaram uma pior pontuação pré-operatória NOSE e Lund-Kennedy estatísticamente significativos, mas uma mediana semelhante na pontuação total do SNOT-20. Os pacientes com biofilme apresentaram uma melhor resultado na pontuação Lund-Kennedy (p=0.036). Estes pacientes apresentaram piores resultados no SNOT-20 e resultados similares quanto ao NOSE e o Lund-Mackay. Conclusão: Os biofilmes foram demonstrados presentes nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgia endoscópica funcional para rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal mas também nos controles. Embora a prevalência não tenha sido diferente significativamente, o intervalo de confiança extremamente amplo de 95%, que apenas cruza a unidade, sugere que uma diferença significativa pode ter sido perdida por causa do baixo poder estatístico e estudos futuros serão necessários. Os biofilmes estiveram relacionados com pior qualidade de vida doença-específica pré-operatória NOSE e avaliação endoscópica (Lund-Kennedy), e melhores resultados endoscópicos. Nossos resultados sugerem que nos pacientes com uma melhora clínica significativa após a cirurgia, o biofilme representou um papel mais predominante na fisiopatologia da doença. Neste subgrupo, a cirurgia provavelmente removeu a quantidade de biofilme necessária para restaurar o desequilíbrio inflamatório na mucosa
Introduction: The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is not completely established and there are some explanations for this disease, such as superantigens, inflammatory imbalance and, more recently, biofilms. Objective: Evaluate the association of biofilms presence and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Evaluate outcomes after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps according to the presence of biofilms. Methods: This is a University based-tertiary care center study. The first part was a case-control study that evaluated a group of 33 consecutive patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and a control group of 27 patients undergoing septoplasty for nasal obstruction treatment. Mucosal samples were harvested intra-operatively for scanning electron microscopic examination to determine biofilms presence. The second part was a prospective study. Preoperative and follow up data were recorded, including standardized evaluations of disease-specific quality of life related to nasal obstruction and rhinosinusitis, of nasal endoscopy and sinus computer tomography scan. Statistical analysis was performed. For all statistical tests p=0.05 was considered significant. Results: Biofilms were found in 72.7% (24/33) of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients and in 48.1%(13/27) of septoplasty patients (Odds ratio = 2.87, CI95% from 0.9796 to 8.419, p=0.051). This was the first report to analyze the effect of biofilms in outcomes with standardized measures of a group of only chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients. Biofilms were present in 72.4% (21/29) of these patients. Patients with biofilms had a statistically significant worst preoperative score related to nasal obstruction and nasal endoscopy, but a similar median sinusitis total score. Patients with biofilms presented better Lund-Kennedy outcome (-3[5]vs.-1[2],U=46.0,p=0.036), but the best endoscopic improvement might reflect the worst clinical preoperative status. These patients had worst outcomes in SNOT-20 (-0.75[1.15]vs.-1.30[1.32],U=69.0,p=0.21) and similar outcomes in NOSE(-55.0[50.0] vs. -60.0[50.0], U=81.0,p=0.67) and Lund-Mackay (-4[5]vs.-4[4]),U=75.5,p=0.49). Patients with biofilms presented better Lund-Kennedy outcome (p=0.036). There was a correlation among some QoL outcome scores in both groups. Conclusion: Biofilms were demonstrated to be present in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps but also in controls. Although the prevalence was not significantly different, the extremely wide 95% confidence interval, which just crosses unity, suggests that a meaningful clinical difference may have been missed because of low statistical power and that further study is necessary. Biofilms were related with worst preoperative disease-specific quality of life questionnaire (NOSE) and endoscopic evaluation (Lund-Kennedy), and better endoscopic outcome. Our findings suggest that in patients with a significant clinical improvement after surgery, the biofilm had a more predominant role in the pathophysiology of the disease. In this subgroup, the surgery probably removed the amount of biofilms needed to restore the mucosal inflammatory imbalance

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6

Farinha, Sofia Rodrigues Pescada Mendes. "Diagnóstico de neoplasias intra-nasais caninas : a importância da tomografia computorizada : estudo retrospetivo de 52 casos". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16511.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
As neoplasias intra-nasais são uma doença rara em cães, com uma abordagem diagnóstica complexa, na qual a tomografia computorizada (TC) apresenta um papel importante. O objetivo deste estudo retrospetivo consistiu em compreender de que modo a TC contribui para o diagnóstico das neoplasias intra-nasais em cães, principalmente verificar se possibilita a diferenciação entre as neoplasias e outras doenças que afetam as cavidades nasais, bem como qual o seu valor de diagnóstico para neoplasias. Foi também analisado o sucesso diagnóstico através de citologia e histopatologia, bem como os métodos utilizados para a obtenção das amostras. A amostra foi constituída por 52 cães com alterações das cavidades nasais confirmadas por um exame de TC e, pelo menos, uma análise citológica ou histopatológica para estudo dessas alterações. Foram recolhidos dados da TC e análises citológicas e histopatológicas dos respetivos animais, para análise com recurso a métodos de estatística descritiva e analítica. O diagnóstico citológico ou histopatológico final foi obtido em 92,3% dos animais, sendo que 50,0% apresentavam doença neoplásica. No estudo imagiológico 71,2% dos casos tinha como principal suspeita neoplasia nasal. Nos exames de TC as alterações consideradas estatisticamente significativas para neoplasia foram lise óssea (p=0,02929), lise dos turbinados nasais (p=0,04739), lise de outros ossos adjacentes (p=0,02484), lise da placa cribriforme (p=0,00216), extensão das lesões para a face (p=0,01921), extensão das lesões para o encéfalo (p=0,00216) e efeito de massa (p=0,008423). Nenhuma destas lesões é específica de neoplasia nasal. A sensibilidade, especificidade, precisão, valor preditivo positivo e valor preditivo negativo para o diagnóstico de neoplasia foram, respetivamente, 96,2%, 54,5%, 77,1%, 71,4% e 92,3%. Neste estudo verificaram-se discrepâncias entre os resultados citológicos e histopatológicos finais e a suspeita da TC, o que salientou a importância da TC na interpretação desses resultados. No caso de existirem resultados anátomo-patológicos incongruentes com a suspeita da TC sugere-se a repetição das biópsias.
ABSTRACT - Intra-nasal neoplasia is a rare disease in dogs with a difficult diagnostic approach, in which computed tomography (CT) plays an important role. The objective of this retrospective study was understanding how CT contributes to the diagnosis of intra-nasal neoplasia in dogs, mainly if it is able to differentiate between neoplasia and other diseases that affect the nasal cavities, and also what is its diagnostic value for neoplasia. It was also analyzed the diagnostic success of cytology and histopathology and the methods to obtain the diagnostic samples. The study population was formed by 52 dogs with intra-nasal lesions confirmed by a CT exam and at least one cytology or histopathology result for the study of those alterations. Data collected included CT information and cytology and histopathology reports, that were analyzed statistically using descriptive and analytical methods. The final diagnosis obtained through cytology and histopathology was acquired in 92,3% of the animals, from which 50,0% were neoplasia. In the imaging study 71,6% of the cases had a primary suspicion of neoplasia. In the CT exams the lesions considered statistically significant for neoplasia were bone lysis (p=0,02929), lysis of the nasal turbinates (p=0,04739), lysis of other adjacent bones (p=0,02484), cribiform plate lysis (p=0,00216), lesion spreading to the face (p=0,01921), lesion spreading to the brain (p=0,00216) and mass effect (p=0,008423). None of the lesions is specific of nasal neoplasia. The sensibility, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for neoplasia were, respectively, 96,2%, 54,5%, 77,1%, 71,4% e 92,3%. In this study there were discrepancies between the cytological and histopathological results and the CT suspicion, which pointed out the importance of CT in the interpretation of these results. If there are cytological and histopathological results incongruent with the CT suspicion it is suggested that biopsies be repeated.
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Peixoto, Magno Eric Barbosa. "Histomorfometria das terminações nervosas das conchas nasais inferiores de humanos por imunofluorescência e microscopia confocal a laser". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2017. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/22603.

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PEIXOTO, M. E. B. Histomorfometria das terminações nervosas das conchas nasais inferiores de humanos por imunofluorescência e microscopia confocal a laser. 2016. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Cirurgia) - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2017.
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Nasal obstruction is one of the main complaint of patients with rhinitis, which is frequently associated with increased nasal airway resistance caused by hypertrophic changes of the inferior turbinates, however, studies have demonstrated that the objective measurement of nasal airway resistance does not always correlate with the subjective perception of the degree of nasal obstruction. The inferior turbinates are elongated, paired structures situated at the lateral nasal wall and made of a central core of osseous skeleton and a mucosal layer on each side almost exclusively covered with a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, with a well-defined basement membrane zone and a thick lamina propria. They play an important function in nasal physiology through reflex responses. The sensory nerves monitor the conditions of the mucosal microenvironment and initiate protective mechanisms immediately via axon responses. These nerve endings also have an important role on the perception of nasal patency. Despite the importance of these structures, little is known about their morphology and distribution in the normal nasal mucosa of human inferior turbinates. In order to obtain morphological and distribution data of nerve endings in inferior turbinates, specimens obtained from six individuals (three men and three women) with ages ranging from 16 to 76 years were submitted to fluorescent antibody technique with the marker pan -axonal anti-protein gene product 9.5 and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Free nerve endings were identified, mainly in the superficial layers of the lamina propria, some very close to the basement membrane. No complex nerve endings of the corpuscular type were identified. There were no differences in the distribution of nerve endings when compared to the septal and meatal faces or according to the gender of the individuals evaluated. Free nerve endings maintain an intimate relationship with seromucous glands and their ducts in the more superficial layers of the lamina propria, as well as with blood vessels, especially in their deeper portions, pointing to the role they play in the neuromodulation of glandular secretion and vasomotor control. Surgical techniques that allow the preservation of these free nerve endings may provide better postoperative outcomes, with a higher resolution of the clinical complaint of nasal obstruction and a lower rate of complications such as empty nose syndrome.
Obstrução nasal é uma das principais queixas em pacientes com rinite, sendo frequentemente associada ao aumento da resistência nasal pela hipertrofia das conchas nasais inferiores, contudo, estudos têm demonstrado que mensurações objetivas da resistência de via aérea nasal nem sempre se correlacionam à percepção subjetiva do grau de obstrução nasal. As conchas nasais inferiores são estruturas alongadas, pareadas e situadas nas paredes nasais laterais, constituídas de um eixo ósseo central envolto, quase exclusivamente, por epitélio respiratório pseudoestratificado cilíndrico ciliado, com uma membrana basal bem definida e uma espessa lâmina própria. Possuem um papel importante na fisiologia nasal através de respostas reflexas. Os nervos sensoriais monitoram o microambiente da mucosa nasal e iniciam os mecanismos protetores imediatamente, via respostas axonais. Essas terminações nervosas também possuem importante ação na percepção da patência nasal. A despeito do importante papel dessas estruturas, pouco é conhecido acerca de sua morfologia e distribuição na mucosa nasal normal de conchas inferiores de humanos. Com o objetivo de obter dados morfológicos e de distribuição das terminações nervosas em conchas nasais inferiores, espécimes retirados de seis indivíduos (três homens e três mulheres) com idades variando de 16 a 76 anos foram submetidos a estudo de imunofluorescência com o marcador pan-axonal antiproduto gênico protéico 9,5 e microscopia confocal de varredura a laser. Foram identificadas terminações nervosas livres, principalmente, nas camadas mais superficiais da lâmina própria, algumas bem próximas à membrana basal. Não foram identificadas terminações nervosas complexas, do tipo corpusculares. Não houve diferenças na distribuição das terminações nervosas quando comparadas as faces septal e meatal ou em função do sexo dos indivíduos avaliados. As terminações nervosas livres mantém relação íntima com glândulas seromucosas e seus ductos nas camadas mais superficiais da lâmina própria, bem como com vasos sanguíneos, sobretudo, em suas porções mais profundas, apontando para o papel que possuem na neuromodulação dos fenômenos de secreção glandular e controle vasomotor. Técnicas cirúrgicas que permitam a preservação dessas terminações nervosas livres talvez possibilitem desfechos pós-operatórios melhores, com maior resolução da queixa clínica de obstrução nasal e menor índice de complicações como a síndrome do nariz vazio (empty nose).

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Hamerschmidt, Rodrigo. "Comparação da eficácia da turbinoplastia em pacientes com e sem rinite alérgica". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/38077.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rogério Hamerschimdt
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica. Defesa: Curitiba, 27/03/2015
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Área de concentração : Eletrônicos em cirurgia
Resumo: A turbinoplastia é o procedimento que visa a redução da concha inferior, à custa da remoção óssea exuberante e maior preservação da mucosa. É indicada para pacientes com e sem rinite alérgica, com hipertrofia irreversível das conchas inferiores. Outros sintomas podem vir acompanhados com a obstrução nasal nos pacientes com rinite como anosmia, pressão facial e roncos. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a eficácia da cirurgia de turbinoplastia inferior nos sintomas obstrutivos e não obstrutivos em pacientes com e sem rinite alérgica. Este estudo foi prospectivo de coorte longitudinal com 57 pacientes submetidos a turbinoplastia inferior bilateral exclusiva. Foram avaliados quanto à obstrução nasal, roncos, pressão facial, alterações no olfato, espirros, prurido nasal e coriza, tempo de cirurgia e sangramento intra- operatório. Os pacientes foram avaliados com 7 e 30 dias de cirurgia quanto a melhora da obstrução nasal. A última avaliação foi com 3 meses de cirurgia. 39 pacientes apresentaram rinite alérgica e 18 não. Com 90 dias de cirurgia, 94,7% dos pacientes apresentaram graus IV e V de melhora na respiração; 89,5% apresentaram melhora moderada ou total dos roncos; todos os pacientes tiveram melhora no olfato (apenas 1 moderada, os demais melhora total); 95,5% obtiveram melhora total da pressão facial e 89,7% obtiveram melhora moderada ou total em prurido nasal, espirros e coriza. Como conclusão comprovouse a eficácia da cirurgia de turbinoplastia inferior não só nos sintomas obstrutivos mas também nos sintomas não obstrutivos de roncos, anosmia, pressão facial, prurido, espirros e coriza tanto em pacientes com rinite alérgica quanto sem, sendo que o tempo de cirurgia e o sangramento trans-operatório tiveram diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Palavras-chave: Rinite alérgica. Conchas Nasais. Turbinoplastia. Obstrução nasal.
Abstract: Turbinoplasty is a procedure that aims to reduce the inferior turbinate through exuberant bone removal and greater mucosal preservation. The procedure is recommended to patients with or without allergic rhinitis and who show irreversible hypertrophy of inferior turbinates. Another symptoms like anosmy, facial pressure and snoring can exist with nasal obstruction. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the inferior turbinoplasty for obstructive and non-obstructive symptoms in patients with or without allergic rhinitis. This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study with 57 patients who underwent inferior turbinoplasty. They were evaluated as to nasal obstruction, snoring, facial pressure, alterations in their smell, sneezing, nasal itching and runny nose symptoms, surgery time and intraoperative bleeding. The evaluations were with 7 and 30 days after surgery about breathing improvement. The last evaluation took place 3 months after surgery. 39 patients with allergic rhinitis and 18 without it. 90 days after surgery 94,7% of patients showed degrees IV and V of breathing improvement; 89,5% showed moderate or complete improvement in snoring; all the patients showed improvement in their smell (only 1 showed moderate improvement, the remaining complete); 95,5% experienced complete improvement of facial pressure and 89,7% showed moderate to complete improvement in nasal itching and runny nose symptoms as well as in sneezing. The conclusion was that the efficacy of the inferior turbinoplasty was confirmed not only for obstructive symptoms, but also for non-obstructive ones in patients with or without allergic rhinitis. Key words: Alergic rhinitis. Turbinates. Turbinoplasty. Nasal obstruction.

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Yoshitoshi, Franz Naoki. "Contribuição da rinoscopia na avaliação de afecções nasais no cão (Canis familiaris)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-20082007-142133/.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivos a avaliação da cavidade nasal, através de rinoscopia, de cães portadores de afecção nasal crônica, identificando o tipo e a localização das lesões, correlacionando-as com os achados clínicos e radiográficos; verificar a epidemiologia segundo a raça, idade, peso e sexo dos; e definir o resultado qualitativo da biópsia. Foram utilizados 38 cães com sinais clínicos e alterações radiográficas compatíveis com afecção nasal crônica. Sobre a epidemiologia das afecções nasais, tivemos maior ocorrência de cães sem raça definida (SRD), adultos, macho, de porte médio e grande. As alterações mais encontradas em cavidade nasal foram as tumorais, sendo a afecção de maior ocorrência o TVT, representado em sua maioria pelo SRD adulto e macho, seguido de neoplasia de origem mesenquimal, neoplasia de origem epitelial, pólipo, rinite crônica, corpo estranho e aspergilose. A biópsia guiada por rinoscopia foi efetiva, com exceção dos tumores de origem mesenquimal. A rinoscopia neste estudo comprovou ser um meio diagnóstico efetivo, não invasivo complementar aos exames físico e radiográfico, que permite, pela técnica anterógrada associada à retrógrada, ampla visibilização da cavidade nasal, escolha do local de biópsia e colheita de material para cultivo, e em casos de corpos estranhos permite sua remoção, servindo como método diagnóstico e terapêutico.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nasal cavity of dogs, presented with chronic nasal disease, through rhinoscopy. In addition to checking the reliability of nasal biopsy results, rhinoscopy was used to identify the type and location of lesions and to relate them to the clinical and radiographic findings. Furthermore, we also gathered epidemiology data related to breed, age, weight and gender. For the purpose of this study we used 38 dogs that presented clinical signs and radiographic alterations compatible with chronic nasal disease. Regarding the epidemiology, the highest incidence of nasal diseases was noticed in mixed breed dogs. Also, nasal disease was more frequent in adult, male, large or medium sized dogs. The majority of nasal diseases were due to tumors, and in this regard the transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) was the most frequent and was mainly diagnosed in mixed breed, male, adult dogs. Mesenchymal neoplasia were the second most frequent alteration of the nasal cavity, followed by, epithelial neoplasia, polyps, chronic rhinitis, foreign bodies and aspergillosis. Rhinoscopy guided biopsy proved to be effective except in the case of mesenchymal tumors. The results of this study prove that rhinoscopy is an effective non-invasive diagnostic tool, which complements physical and radiological examination. Moreover, this study also shows that the association of anterior and posterior rhinoscopy techniques, allow for a wide visualization of the nasal cavity and determination of the biopsy location and collection of samples for culture. In additional, rhinoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies.

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Duroux, Stéphane. "Neuropeptides et muqueuse nasale". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23014.

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Coutinho, Adriana de Souza. "Mannheimiose pneumônica experimentalmente induzida em bezerros pela Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica A1-cepa D153 : achados do exame físico, hemograma e swabs nasal e nasofaringeano /". Botucatu, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101303.

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Orientador: Roberto Calderon Gonçalves
Resumo: A Mannheimia haemolytica A1 é o agente etiológico da Mannheimiose Pneumônica Bovina (MPB), uma doença de grande importância econômica. Um modelo experimental de MPB foi utilizado com o objetivo de avaliar os sinais clínicos, as alterações hematológicas e as espécies bacterianas das cavidades nasais e nasofaringeanas de bezerros com MPB, em diferentes momentos do curso da doença. Um total de 28 bezerros foi divido em sete lotes e os bezerros de cada lote foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em cada um dos quatro grupos. Cada grupo foi avaliado em um momento do curso da MPB: grupo I às 12, grupo II às 24, grupo III às 48 e grupo IV às 72 horas após a inoculação. Após incubação por cinco horas, a 37ºC e sob rotação de 150 ciclos/min, os inóculos da cepa D153 de M. haemolytica A1, com concentrações variando entre 1,5 x 10 8 a 8,20 x 10 9 UFCs (Unidades Formadoras de Colônias), foram infundidos na região da carina em todos os bezerros de cada lote, por via transtraqueal, enquanto eram mantidos em decúbito lateral direito. As respostas dos bezerros de cada grupo, I a IV, à M. haemolytica A1 foram caracterizadas por: hipertermia e taquicardia, com a temperatura corporal e a freqüência cardíaca tendendo a ser mais baixa nos grupos I a III e alcançando valores mais elevados no grupo IV. A freqüência respiratória aumentou em todos os grupos após a inoculação, com os valores dos grupos III e IV tendendo a ser mais elevados. Os sinais clínicos qualitativos da MPB que indicaram alterações da condição física geral, do sistema cardiovascular e alterações oculares tenderam a melhorar à medida que a doença progrediu, quando os quatro grupos foram comparados. Adicionalmente, a freqüência da secreção nasal mucosa e a intensidade da secreção nasal muco-purulenta tenderam a aumentar, concomitantemente com o aumento da... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).
Abstract: Mannheimia haemolytica A1 is the etiologic agent of Bovine Pneumonic Mannheimiosis (BPM), a disease of great economic importance. An experimental model of BPM was utilized with the objective of evaluating the clinical signs, hematologic changes and the bacterial species of the nasal and nasopharynx cavities of calves with BPM at different moments of the course of the disease. A total of 28 calves were divided in seven blocks, and the calves of each block were randomized to take part in one of four groups. Each group was evaluated at one moment of the course of BPM: group I at 12, II at 24, III at 48 and IV at 72 hours after inoculation. After incubation for 5 hours at 37ºC and under rotation of 150 cycles/min, the inoculums of the D153 strain of M. haemolytica A1, with concentrations varying between 1,5 x 10 8 a 8,20 x 10 9 CFU (Colonies Forming Unit), were infused at the karin region in all calves of each block, through transtraqueal route, while the calves were in right side lying. The reaction of the calves of each group (I to IV) to M. haemolytica A1 was characterized by: hipertermia and tachycardia, with body temperature and heart rate tending to be lower in groups I to III and reaching higher values in group IV. Respiratory rate increased in all groups after inoculation, with the values of groups III and IV tending to be higher. BPM qualitative clinical signs which indicated alterations of general physical condition, alterations of the cardiovascular system and ocular changes tended to improve along the progression of the disease when the four groups were compared. Additionally, the frequency of the mucous nasal... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
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12

Samarão, Filipa Rosa Lima Barros Afonso. "Novos sistemas terapêuticos para administração nasal de fármacos". Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5315.

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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas
A via de administração nasal de fármacos é uma via não invasiva e apresenta um elevado interesse devido às vantagens que possui relativamente a outras vias, tais como: previne o metabolismo hepático, a sua mucosa apresenta uma elevada área disponível para absorção, possui um epitélio fino e altamente vascularizado. Estas caraterísticas permitem obter uma elevada permeabilidade e uma rápida absorção dos fármacos administrados, principalmente quando se pretende um efeito sistémico. No entanto, vários fatores condicionam a absorção de fármacos a nível nasal, como a rápida clearance mucociliar, a atividade enzimática, o pH da formulação ou a lipossolubilidade do fármaco. A via nasal permite alcançar uma ação local ou sistémica. Possibilita o acesso dos fármacos ao Sistema Nervoso Central, permitindo o tratamento de diversas patologias. A mucosa nasal permite, ainda a veiculação de vacinas, apresentando-se como uma importante alternativa à via parenteral. Os novos sistemas farmacêuticos são estudados para veicular fármacos através da via nasal face aos sistemas farmacêuticos convencionais, pois estes sistemas oferecem vantagens como uma administração controlada, proteção, aumentam o tempo de retenção do fármaco na mucosa nasal e aumentam a sua permeação através do epitélio, conduzindo a um aumento da biodisponibilidade.
The nasal drug delivery is a non-invasive route that has a high interest and possesses several advantages over other routes. Intranasal administration avoids the hepatic first-pass metabolism, the nasal mucosa has a thin epithelium and is highly vascularized. These characteristics allow a high permeability and rapid absorption of drugs administered, especially when systemic effects are intended. However, several factors affect the nasal absorption such as the rapid mucociliary clearance, the enzymatic activity, the pH of the formulation or drug liposolubility. The nasal route allows local or systemic effects, has potential to target the central nervous system, enabling treatment of various disorders. The nasal mucosa is suitable for vaccine administration and is an important alternative to the parenteral route. Novel drug delivery systems are studied to deliver drugs through the nasal route, because these systems offer advantages such as sustained drug delivery, increase drug residence time in the nasal mucosa and increase the permeation through the nasal mucosa, increasing the bioavailability.

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13

Radulesco, Thomas. "Apports de la simulation numérique des écoulements à la chirurgie fonctionnelle du nez". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0572.

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Introduction: Le but de notre travail était d’analyser les corrélations entre variables numériques et ressenti du patient, mais aussi de valider les protocoles de CV. Méthodes. Une revue de la littérature utilisant la méthode PRISMA nous permettait, dans un premier temps, de sélectionner les articles traitant de la corrélation des variables CFD avec le ressenti du patient. Nous avons par la suite conduit une étude incluant 22 patients présentant une ON en rapport avec une DS. La reconstruction 3D (ITK-Snap®) et le maillage volumique (Star-CCM+®) ont été initiés à partir de données scannographiques natives (dicom data). Des calculs numériques, par la résolution des équations de Navier-Stokes, nous ont permis d’obtenir les variables CFD. Nous avons analysé les corrélations entre les variables CFD et les données cliniques des patients. Résultats: Nous retrouvions que le heat flux était la meilleure variable en termes de corrélations avec le ressenti du patient. L’étude sur 22 patients retrouvait aussi le heat flux comme variable CFD ayant la meilleure corrélation avec le score clinique du patient (rs=0.86). Le heat flux permettait aussi de distinguer le côté le plus obstrué chez 100% des patients. En comparant les modèles CV et post-opératoire, nous n’avons pas trouvé de différence significative concernant le heat flux, le WSS, la pression totale et les températures, que ce soit lors de l’inspiration ou de l’expiration (p<0.05). Conclusion: La simulation numérique des écoulements permet de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie des cavités nasosinusiennes. Nous avons montré que les variables numériques avaient un lien fort avec le ressenti du patient
Introduction: The goal of our work was to analyze the correlations between CFD variable and patients impairment on one hand and to validate the use of VS protocols in the other.Methods. A literature review (using the PRISMA model) allowed us to include papers dealing with the correlation of CFD variables with the patient's impairment. Then, we performed a study including 22 patients with NO. 3D reconstruction (ITK-Snap®) and volume mesh (Star-CCM + ®) were initiated from CTscans. Numerical calculations, by resolution of Navier-Stokes equations, allowed to compute CFD variables (total pressure, temperature, heat flux, WSS, velocities, airflow and nasal resistances). To determine the reliability and feasibility of VS for septoplasty, we compared VS models to postoperative models, comparing their CFD variables. Results We found heat flux was the best variable in terms of correlations with the patient's impairment. The 22-patients study found that heat flux had the best correlation with the patient's perception score (rs = 0.86). Heat flux made it possible to distinguish the more obstructed side in 100% of patients. Numerical resistances were strongly correlated with patient perception scores (rs=0.6, p<0.001). Conclusion: The numerical simulation of the flows makes it possible to better understand the physiopathology of the nasosinus cavities. We have shown that the variables were recorded with the payment, but also with the patient, simply, through the study of heat transfer (heat flow). In addition, CV can reliably simulate a septoplasty

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14

Siddique, Abu Nasar [Verfasser]. "Protein design of the mammalian DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a / Abu Nasar Siddique". Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1035217546/34.

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15

Nantes, Flávio Adriano. "A lavoura sagrada de Raduan Nassar". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152985.

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Submitted by FLÁVIO ADRIANO NANTES NUNES null (fa.nantes@gmail.com) on 2018-03-12T17:11:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A lavoura sagrada de Raduan Nassar.pdf: 1462174 bytes, checksum: fc8b6c8f2c7c719be5828a691ad6f0f3 (MD5)
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Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-12T19:07:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nantes_fa_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1462174 bytes, checksum: fc8b6c8f2c7c719be5828a691ad6f0f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-19
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho tratará de uma pesquisa contrastiva entre o conjunto da obra de Raduan Nassar (Lavoura arcaica, Um copo de cólera, Menina a caminho, além dos contos “O velho” e “Monsenhores” dispostos na Obra Completa) e os escritos sagrados para judeus e cristãos – Bíblia. Elucidar-se-á a poética que perpassa e une os textos, bem como o entendimento de que os escritos sagrados também se estruturam como um texto literário, pois se assim não fosse esses escritos não poderiam ter influenciado uma vasta literatura ao redor do mundo. Para endossar esse pensamento, demonstraremos que a formação da cultura ocidental tem como paradigma, entre outros, os ideais do Judaísmo e do Cristianismo, logo, a literatura, por sua vez, não poderia estar fora deste modelo. Por uma série de questões, dentre elas, a divulgação do cristianismo e a maneira pela qual o homem criou a imagem de Deus e sua personalidade por intermédio de seu próprio caráter, é possível afirmar que o substrato judaico-cristão – registrado desde tempos primitivos na Bíblia – permanece ainda hoje na cultura. Nesse sentido, queremos pensar que esse substrato tem livre trânsito entre os constructos artísticos arquitetados ao redor do Ocidente, conforme esclarecem alguns pesquisadores (acerca do traço cultural na literatura): Eneida Maria de Souza, Silviano Santiago, Jorge Luiz Borges, Michel Schneider, Antoine Compagnon, entre tantos outros. Dito de outro modo, os escritos religiosos são parte integrante de um conjunto de eventos que contribuiu na construção da cultura e “afetou” sobremaneira a literatura, tal como se nos apresentam os textos do escritor brasileiro Raduan Nassar.
El presente trabajo tratará de una investigación contrastiva entre el conjunto de la obra de Raduan Nassar (Lavoura arcaica, Um copo de cólera “Menina a caminho”, además de dos cuentos “O Velho” e “Monsenhores” dispuestos en la Obra Completa) y la sagrada escritura de judíos y cristianos – Bíblia. Será aclarada la poética que atraviesa y unen los textos, así como el entendimiento de que la sagrada escritura también se estructura como un texto literario, pues si no fuera así esa escritura no podría haber influenciado una multitud de obras al rededor del mundo. Para validar ese pensamiento, demostraremos que la formación de la cultura occidental tiene como paradigma, entre otros, los ideales del Judaísmo y del Cristianismo, luego, la literatura, por su parte, no podría estar fuera de ese modelo. Por muchas razones, entre ellas, la divulgación del Cristianismo y la manera por la cual el hombre ha creado la imagen de Dios y su personalidad por intermedio de su propio carácter, es posible decir que el sustrato judaico-cristiano – dispuesto desde los tiempos primitivos en la Bíblia – permanece hasta hoy en la cultura. En ese sentido, queremos pensar que ese sustrato tiene libre tránsito entre los constructos artísticos estructurados al rededor del Occidente, según aclaran algunos investigadores (acerca del rasgo cultural en la literatura): Eneida Maria de Souza, Silviano Santiago, Jorge Luiz Borges, Michel Schneider, Antoine Compagnon, entre muchos otros. Dicho de otro modo, los escritos religiosos son parte integrante de un conjunto de eventos que contribuyó para la construcción de la cultura y “afectó” sobremanera la literatura, tal como se nos presentan los textos del escritor brasileño Raduan Nassar.

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16

Poussel, Mathias. "Reflexe de toux et sa modulation par la stimulation nasale par l'eau chez le lapin anesthésié". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0181/document.

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Contexte – La stimulation de la muqueuse trachéale peut provoquer une réponse défensive à type de toux. La finalité de cette réponse est la protection des voies aériennes via la clairance du mucus et des particules déposées au sein de l’arbre trachéo-bronchique. La stimulation de la muqueuse nasale est à l’origine de réponses défensives n’incluant toutefois pas la toux. La modulation de la toux suggère de possibles interactions centrales des afférences provenant de localisations anatomiques distinctes. Objectif – Déterminer si une stimulation trachéale mécanique discriminante est capable de provoquer une toux lors d’une apnée provoquée par l’instillation nasale d’eau distillée. Méthodes – Douze lapins anesthésiés et trachéotomisés ont été étudiés. Les stimulations trachéales mécaniques ont été réalisées dans 3 conditions : contrôle, après instillation nasale de sérum physiologique, et lors d’apnée suite à l’instillation d’eau distillée. Résultats – Les paramètres ventilatoires de références ne sont pas différents dans les 3 conditions. Un total de 171 stimulations trachéales a été réalisé. Lors de l’apnée, 81% des réponses sont des réflexes expiratoires et le pic de débit expiré est inférieur (p < 0.0001) à celui observé dans les conditions contrôle et sérum physiologique. L’incidence des réponses comprenant un réflexe de toux est plus faible (p < 0,0001) en cas d’instillation d’eau distillée que dans les 2 autres conditions.Conclusion – La stimulation nasale par l’eau distillée désensibilise les réflexes de défense respiratoire faisant suite à une stimulation trachéale mécanique
Context - Cough may be triggered by irritation of afferents located in the airway mucosa. Primary role is to expel inhaled foreign matter from the lungs or clear the airways of endogenous mucus. Stimulation of the nasal mucosa provokes defensive responses but not cough. The ‘cough center’ can be tuned by various afferent inputs, suggesting possible interactions at a central level of neural pathways originating from distant anatomical sites. Objective - The present study was designed to determine whether brief mechanical stimulation of the trachea could trigger cough during apnoea elicited by nasal instillation of water. Method - Twelve anesthetized, tracheotomized rabbits were studied. Mechanical stimulation of the trachea was performed under 3 conditions: baseline control, after instillation of saline into the nose and during apnoea following instillation of water. Results - Baseline breathing pattern did not differ between the 3 conditions. In a series of 171 stimulations, expiration reflex occurred in 81% of stimulations during apnoea with a significantly (p < 0.0001) lower peak expiratory flow than at baseline or during saline instillation. The incidence of responses comprising a cough reflex was also lower during water instillation than at either baseline or with saline (p < 0.0001). Conclusion - These results indicate that stimulation of nasal afferents with distilled water likely down-regulates cough

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17

Couhert, Lombardin Ghislaine. "Ventilation assistée à domicile par masque nasal dans le traitement de l'insuffisance respiratoire chronique grave : à propos de 24 cas". Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6233.

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18

Tourville, José. "Licensing and the representation of floating nasals". Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39274.

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It is commonly agreed that phonological elements must be prosodically licensed in order to be interpreted phonetically (cf. Ito, 1986). The licensing of segments is generally assumed to follow from the Universal Association Conventions. The licensing of phonological units smaller than the segment, however, has not been fully addressed. There is no agreement on the exact licensing mechanisms at play and on what constitutes a proper anchor for the initial association of floating subsegmentals. This thesis proposes a principled account of subsegmental licensing within the theory of segmental structure known as feature geometry, as modified by Piggott (to appear). It is shown that the manifestation of nasality in Maukaka, Koyaga, Jula, and Terena result from the way licensing operates. It is argued that, universally, floating subsegmental units are licensed through mapping, which associates a unit to an available position. It is also proposed that whenever there is no proper position for the mapping of a subsegmental element, this element may be licensed by Chomsky-adjunction. This type of adjunction has played a role in syllabification but not in the organization of feature.

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19

Trows, Sabrina [Verfasser]. "Pulverformulierungen für die nasale Vakzinierung / Sabrina Trows". Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031190643/34.

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20

Dollhopf, Matthew John. "NASCAR RESTRICTOR PLATE EXHAUST MANIFOLD DESIGN STRATEGIES". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4456.

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This paper presents the results of a study on exhaust manifold design for a NASCAR Restrictor plate internal combustion engine. A computer simulation model was developed using Ricardo WAVE software. WAVE is a computer-aided engineering code developed by Ricardo to analyze the dynamics of pressure waves, mass flows and energy losses in ducts, plenums and the intake and exhaust manifolds of various systems and machines. [1] The model was validated against experimental data from a current NASCAR Winston Cup restrictor plate motor. The parameters studied have been exhaust manifold diameters and lengths. A response surface analysis of the simulation output followed. The analysis of results shows the design parameters of the existing exhaust manifold are not optimized. The findings from these studies are used to derive exhaust system design guidelines which define optimum exhaust system geometry to maximize average Brake Horsepower over a given powerband for a restrictor plate NASCAR engine.
M.S.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems

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21

Long, Christopher C. "Data Processing for NASA's TDRSS DAMA Channel". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611474.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
Presently, NASA's Space Network (SN) does not have the ability to receive random messages from satellites using the system. Scheduling of the service must be done by the owner of the spacecraft through Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The goal of NASA is to improve the current system so that random messages, that are generated on board the satellite, can be received by the SN. The messages will be requests for service that the satellites control system deems necessary. These messages will then be sent to the owner of the spacecraft where appropriate action and scheduling can take place. This new service is known as the Demand Assignment Multiple Access system (DAMA).

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22

Penner, Edwige. "L'harmonie nasale en guarani : une approche autosegmentale". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0306.

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En guarani (langue nationale du paraguay) l'harmonie nasale est declenchee par un lexeme nasal ou a consonne prenasalisee, et peut s'etendre sur tout le mot phonologique. Une classe particuliere d'affixes presente des alternances consonantiques qui dependent de la structure nasale du morpheme dominant. La phonologie generative et post-generative a analyse l'harmonie nasale comme un processus de derivation generalise, provoque pa un seul segment, tant a l'intramorphemique qu'a l'extramorphemique. Ce travail se propose d'analyser la structure nasale des morphemes dominants comme une realite morphematique non-derivee. En s'inscrivant dans le cadre formel de la phonologie autosegmentale, une approche non-derivationnelle permet de faire la part entre nasalite et nasalisation. Trois profils archetypiques sont degages : le profil oral, le profil nasal et le profil complexe. La nasalisation des affixes peut alors etre expliquee comme une actualisation (plus etendue) du profil nasal ou du profil complexe
Nasal harmony in guarani (the national language of paraguay) is triggered by a nasal lexeme or a lexeme with a prenasalized consonant and this harmony can propagate on the whole phonological word. A specific category of affixes shows alternations of consonants which depend on the nasal structure of the dominant morpheme. Nasal harmony has been analyzed by generative and post-generative phonology as a generalized derivational process, provoked by a single segment, in both intramorphemic and extramorphemic contexts. The aim of this study is to analyze the nasal structure of the dominant morphemes as a non-derivated morphemic reality. Within the formal pattern of autosegmental phonology, nasality and nasalization can be distinguished through a non-derivational approach. Three archetypal profiles are determined : oral, nasal and complexe. The nasalization of the affixes can then be explained as a (more extended) actualization of the nasal or the complexe profile

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23

Halloran, Erin M. "A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF NASCAR FAN IDENTITY". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/70170.

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Kinesiology
Ph.D.
The purpose of this research study was to provide a rich and thick description of what it means to be a NASCAR (National Association of Stock Car Racing) fan. Specifically, the researcher examined how NASCAR fans create their sport fan identity, how being a NASCAR fan influences their overall identity, and the social and cultural aspects associated with being a NASCAR fan. The participants consisted of 12 (10 male & 2 female) self-identified NASCAR fans in attendance at one of three races (Daytona 500 at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, FL; Samsung/RadioShack 500 at Texas Motor Speedway in Justin, TX; or the Richmond 400 at the Richmond International Raceway (RIR) in Richmond, VA) during the 2006 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed, yielding four major themes. The themes that emerged included: (a) entry into NASCAR, (b) being A NASCAR Fan, (c) "ya'll NASCAR fans": fan camaraderie, and (d) win on Sunday...sell on Monday. In general, the participants expressed that their entrance into the sport of NASCAR had been facilitated by close friends and family. Whether they grew up going to the racetrack with their family or were persuaded by a close friend to attend a race, the experience of attending a NASCAR Sprint Cup event propelled them on a lifelong journey following the sport. All of the participants articulated their affinity for fellow NASCAR fans and spending time with other fans at the track, serving as a way of enhancing their sport fan identity. The NASCAR fans in this study also expressed that the amount of sponsorship within the sport was something that they viewed as having an impact on their behavior as a consumer, with many having noted they try to exclusively purchase NASCAR sponsor brands. Recommendations for researchers based on the interviews are also discussed.
Temple University--Theses

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Zscherpe, Julia [Verfasser]. "Nasale Pulverformulierungen zur systemischen Wirkstoffapplikation / Julia Zscherpe". Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019811064/34.

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25

Reynolds, Daniel Christopher. "Control-structure interaction mitigation for NASA's Gateway". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122380.

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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 127-134).
The Gateway is an advanced National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) concept for a multi-module space station to be placed in a near rectilinear halo orbit around the Moon sometime in the next decade. The first module of the Gateway is known as the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE), and is set to launch in 2022. As the station's first module, the PPE will be responsible for providing the Gateway with "electrical power, communications, attitude control, orbit maintenance, and the ability to change orbits" [16]. Control of the Gateway represents a complicated and unique control problem due to the space-craft's status as a large, multi-modular spacecraft; it will have multiple dominant structural modes from its comprising elements: modules, external payloads, solar arrays, a robotic arm, visiting spacecraft, etc [31]. Other spacecraft in this class include the Space Shuttle, the Mir space station, and the International Space Station (ISS).
The field that pertains to the "coupling" of control inputs and the resultant structural dynamics is known as "Control-Structure Interaction (CSI)" [22], and developing CSI mitigation strategies from induced propulsive and non-propulsive actuation has become an important objective for control systems engineers working on large, flexible space structures today. The current standard for CSI management is evident in the recently retired Space Shuttle's flight control system: a phase-plane attitude control loop with notch filters on the feedback channel that enabled docked operations with the Mir space station and the ISS. However, when unconstrained by the Shuttle's architecture and freed to investigate more modernized and adaptable control methods, additional options arise as feasible candidates for Gateway CSI mitigation.
For example, a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) provides the basis for individual state vector cost weighting, so that steps can be taken to more directly target the vibrations resulting from multiple structural elements. A Frequency Weighted Linear Quadratic Regulator (FWLQR) extends the functionality of a LQR by enabling the direct penalization of specified frequencies in order to shape the system's dynamic responses. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) optimization-based approach supplements the frequency-weighted LQR by adding input and output constraint-handling capabilities. Out of all of the CSI mitigation strategies evaluated, MPC appears to be the optimum candidate for large, flexible space structure CSI mitigation for its adaptability, flexibility, and relative performance. The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
by Daniel Christopher Reynolds.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics

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GERBINO, Stefania. "RUOLO DELLA LEPTINA NELLE CELLULE EPITELIALI NASALI". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/90938.

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Leptin is involved in the lung epithelial homeostasis. Its role in the nasal tract is largely unknown. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is induced by the allergen exposure leading to a consequential structural abnormalities in the nasal epithelium. Topical corticosteroids are recommended as first-line therapy in AR. Parietaria pollen is one of the most important allergenic sources in the southern Europe. In vitro on human nasal epithelial cell line RPMI 2650, we aimed to determine whether allergen stimulation acts on leptin/leptin receptor pathway and how Fluticasone Furoate (FF) influences this pathway. The effects of the major allergen rPar j 1, of FF, of leptin and of TGFβ1 on cell proliferation and on leptin/leptin receptor expression and modulation (by clonogenic test, by RT-q-RT-PCR, by immunocytochemistry and by flow-cytometry, respectively) and on STAT-3 activation (assessing nuclear translocation by western blot analysis) were assessed. We found that rPaj1 and TGFβ1 significantly decreased cell proliferation and down-regulated the leptin/leptin receptor pathway whereas leptin and FF reverted them, alone and together combined. Furthermore, rPar j 1 reduces while leptin and FF increases STAT-3 activation. In conclusion, leptin and FF are able to preserve nasal epithelial homeostasis restoring the leptin/leptin receptor pathway altered by rParj 1 exposure.

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27

Philip-Alliez, Camille. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de l'écoulement nasal chez les enfants présentant une obstruction nasale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10140/document.

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Une des données essentielles que recherche le clinicien ORL lors de son diagnostic concerne la fonctionnalité des fosses nasales. Dans certains cas, cette fonction n’est approchée que de manière partielle par les diverses méthodes de mesures mises à sa disposition. La prévalence des obstructions nasales chroniques dans la population générale1 (30% de la population) souligne l’intérêt que les orthodontistes doivent porter aux pathologies respiratoires. L’acquisition d’un outil de diagnostic fiable de l’obstruction nasale permettra d’effectuer un traitement plus précoce afin de guider au mieux la croissance crânio-faciale. La RAA ne peut pas être actuellement utilisée comme unique examen diagnostique, car sa corrélation avec les évaluations subjectives peut rester faible. L’objectif de ce travail est de fournir un modèle d’aide au diagnostic de l’obstruction nasale pour tous les patients. Dans les cas où la RAA ne permet pas un diagnostic certain de l’obstruction nasale, la simulation numérique permettrait, après avoir identifié les situations anatomiques particulières, d’obtenir une approche fonctionnelle objective en confirmant ou non le diagnostic de la RAA. La méthode utilisée pour ce travail de thèse consiste en une résolution complète des équations de Navier-Stokes dans des géométries reconstruites en 3D, c’est-à-dire ayant bénéficié d’un traitement numérique pour extraire les contours puis créer les maillages surfaciques et volumiques. Le développement d'outils de mesure objectifs est un enjeu capital pour déterminer les stratégies thérapeutiques optimales et pour évaluer les résultats des traitements. La modélisation par ordinateur de la dynamique des flux aériens au sein des fosses nasales à partir de reconstructions tomodensitométriques tridimensionnelles peut présenter des applications cliniques. Une de ses applications permettrait à l’ORL de visualiser l’écoulement post-opératoire virtuellement
One of the essential data sought by the clinician in his diagnosis on the functionality of the nasal cavity. In some cases, this function is only partially approached by various measurement methods at its disposal. The prevalence of chronic nasal obstruction in the population (30% of the population) underlines the interest to orthodontists must wear respiratory disorders. The acquisition of a reliable diagnostic tool of nasal obstruction will allow for earlier treatment to guide the best craniofacial growth. The RAA can not be currently used as single diagnostic test, because its correlation with subjective assessments can remain low. The objective of this work is to provide a model for the diagnosis of nasal obstruction for all patients. In cases where the RAA does not allow a definite diagnosis of nasal obstruction, numerical simulations allow, after identifying the particular anatomical situations, to obtain a functional objective or not confirming the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. The methodology for this thesis consists of a complete resolution of the Navier-Stokes equations in geometries reconstructed in 3D, that is to say who received a digital processing to extract the contours and surface meshes and create volume. The development of objective measurement tools is a key issue in determining optimal treatment strategies and to evaluate treatment outcomes. Computer modeling of the dynamics of air flow within the nasal cavity from three-dimensional CT reconstructions may have clinical applications. One of its applications allow to visualize the flow postoperative virtually

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28

Auler, Fernanda de Assis Bueno. "Associação da radiografia, tomografia computadorizada e rinoscopia no auxílio diagnóstico das afecções em cavidade nasal e seios paranasais de cães". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-01022012-101315/.

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Introdução: As afecções nasais e sinonasais em cães possuem causas variadas, e algumas vezes cursam com sinusites, sendo raros os casos que não há doença nasal pré-existente. O diagnóstico presuntivo é baseado nas manifestações clínicas como secreção nasal uni ou bilateral anormais, esternutações, esternutações reversas paroxísticas, respiração estertorosa, engasgos, halitose, epistaxes, rinorragia, tosse, distrição respiratória, dor e deformação facial. Para concluir o diagnóstico, são indicados exames de imagem, rinoscopia, culturas, citologia e histopatológico. Objetivo: O presente estudo observacional teve como objetivo avaliar a contribuição ao diagnóstico das afecções da cavidade nasal e seios paranasais de cães, da radiografia, tomografia computadorizada e rinoscopia, realizando-se a comparação dos métodos diagnósticos mediante ao escore comparativo idealizado para este fim. Materiais e métodos: Foram utilizados 20 cães atendidos do Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, com manifestações clínicas compatíveis com afecção nasal e submetidos a exame radiográfico, tomográfico e rinoscópico. A biópsia foi realizada, em 18 cães, por meio da rinoscopia, nos casos em que visibilizou-se proliferação tecidual, úlcera ou alteração na mucosa nasal sendo encaminhadas para estudo histológico. Resultados: Foram observados resultados estatisticamente significativos, baseados pelo escore, a radiografia em conjunto com a tomografia computadorizada, a rinoscopia associada à tomografia computadorizada e, também, a rinoscopia isoladamente, como métodos diagnósticos mais específicos na diferenciação de lesão maligna. A rinoscopia demonstrou como vantagem a visibilização direta diferenciando a presença ou não de inflamação ou proliferação tecidual, alteração anatômica, corpo estranho e placa fúngica. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que embora possuam especifidade diferentes a utilização da radiografia, tomografia computadorizada e rinoscopia se complementaram como métodos diagnósticos nas afecções nasais e sinonasais dos cães avaliados. Nos casos de proliferação tecidual o estudo histológico demonstrou ser mais útil para conclusão diagnóstica em comparação aos exames de imagem e a rinoscopia.
Introduction: The nasal and sinus disorders in dogs have various causes, and sometimes go with sinusitis that there is no pre-existing nasal disease. The presumptive diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations as nasal discharge, sneezing, reverse sneezing, gagging, stertor, halitosis, epistaxis, cough, open-mouth breathing, pain and facial deformation. To complete the diagnosis, image examinations, rhinoscopy, cultures, cytology and histopathological fidings. Objectives: This observational study aimed to evaluate the contribution to the diagnosis of disorders of the nasal cavity and paranasal in dogs, radiography, computed tomography and rhinoscopy, performing comparison of diagnostic methods through the comparative score conceived for this purpose. Materials and methods: This study used 20 dogs of Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny of the University of São Paulo, with clinical signs compatible with nasal disorder and undergone radiographic examination, computed tomography and rhinoscopy. The biopsy was performed on 18 dogs through rhinoscopy, where is tissue proliferation, ulcer or change in the nasal mucosa histology study being forwarded to. Results: Significant results were observed by the score with radiography, computed tomography, rhinoscopy associated with computed tomography, and also, separately, as rhinoscopy diagnostic methods more specific differentiation of malignant lesion. The rhinoscopy demonstrated how advantage to visualize directly differentiating presence or not of inflammation or tissue proliferation, alteration, foreign body and fungal plaques. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that although having different specific utilization, radiography, computed tomography and rhinoscopy as diagnostic methods arranged in nasal disorders of dogs and evaluated. In cases of tissue proliferation, histological study proved most useful in final diagnostic compared to the image exams and rhinoscopy.

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29

Helleland, Maria. "Verifiering av VACWELD mot NASGRO : Livslängdsberäkning av svetsar". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11086.

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I dagens samhälle krävs bra och billiga lösningar till det mesta. Detta gäller i högsta grad inom flygindustrin där komponenters tillverkningskostnad och vikt ska vara så liten som möjligt. Det går dock inte att uppfylla detta till kostnad av funktion eller tillförlitlighet. Ett sätt som ska tillgodose kriterierna är att använda svetsade delar istället för gjutgods.

Detta har Volvo Aero i Trollhättan tagit fasta på och i syfte att effektivisera beräkningsgången för bland annat svetsar har avdelning 7162, Hållfasthet och Strukturdynamik, påbörjat ett projekt som ska ta fram ett underlag till detta. Bland annat har ett eget sprickpropageringsprogram för svetsar, VACWELD, skrivits och används som en del av beräkningsprocessen.

På uppdrag av Volvo Aero i Trollhättan har examensarbete med syfte att verifiera VACWELD genomförts. Verifieringen visar att VACWELD beräknar på ett tillfredställande sätt där livslängden erhålls med god noggrannhet. Resultatet pekar också på att en mer noggrann modell ger bättre resultat medan en uppdelning av spänningsgradienten, i böj- och membranspänning, inte har någon större betydelse.

In today’s society there is always a demand for better and less expensive solutions. This is especially true in the aircraft industry, where costs of producing a component and the weight of it have to be as small as possible. However, this can not be done by reducing performance or credibility. One way of dealing with the problem is to use welded components instead of casting components.

Volvo Aero in Trollhättan has started using welded components. In order to make calculations for welded components more effective, a crack propagation program, VACWELD, has been developed.

The purpose of this thesis work is to find out if the calculations done in VACWELD are acceptable in comparison to other programs the company uses.

The verification demonstrates that VACWELD performs the calculations in a satisfying and reliable way. Furthermore, the results confirm that a detailed model gives better results. However, they also prove that a stress gradient division does not give an improvement in the case studied, which is in contrast to what was believed.

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30

Frederick, Brian Robert. "'This ain't NASCAR': Framing the Pacers-Pistons brawl". Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3256436.

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31

Adolfsson, Erik. "Simplified finite element bearing modeling : with NX Nastran". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad mekanik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-255398.

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This report was produced at the request of ABB Robotics and the work was conducted at their facilities in Västerås, Sweden. In the development of industrial robots the structures are slimmed to increase the accuracy and speed. When conducting finite element analysis on the robots the accuracy of the component modelling and definitions of the boundary conditions becomes more important. One such component is the ball bearing which consist of several parts and has a nonlinear behavior where the balls are in contact with the rings. The task given was to develop new methods to model roller bearings in Siemens finite element modelling software NX Nastran. Then conduct a strain measurement, to compare the methods to real experimental values. The goal with the report is to find one or more methods to model roller bearings, with accurate results, that can beused in their development work. The report was conducted by first doing a study on bearings and finite element modeling, and learning to use the software NX Nastran. Then the development of the methods were done by generating ideas for bearing models and testing them on simple structures. Nine methods was produced and a tenth, the method used to model bearings today, was used as a reference. The methods was used to build bearing models in a finite element model of a six axis robot wrist. Simulations were done on the models with different load cases and the results were compared to a strain measurement of the wrists real counterpart. Only six of the models were analyzed in the result, since four of the models returned results that were deemed unusable. When compiling the result data no model was found to accurately recreate the stresses in every load case. Three methods, that allow deformation, performed similarly. One of them is suggested to be used as modelling method in the future. Worst of the methods, according to the results compiled, was found to be the method used today. It fails to describe local stresses around the bearing. For continued work it is suggested that linear contact elements is studied further. Four out of five models constructed with linear contact elements failed to return satisfactory results.

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32

Mayer, Robert, James McDaniels e Lou F. Kalil. "VITERBI DECODER FOR NASA’S SPACE SHUTTLE’S TELEMETRY DATA". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608938.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
In the event of a NASA Space Shuttle mission landing at the While Sands Missile Range, White Sands, New Mexico, a data communications system for processing Shuttle’s telemetry data has been installed there in the Master Control Telemetry Station, JIG-56. This data system required a Viterbi decoder since the Shuttle’s data is convolutionally encoded. However, the Shuttle uses a nonstandard code, and the manufacturer which in the past has provided decoders for Shuttle support, no longer produces them. Since no other company produced a Viterbi decoder designed to decode the shuttle’s data, it was necessary to develop the required decoder. The purpose of this paper is to describe the functional performance requirements and design of this decoder.

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33

Cantalogo, Alexsander. "Modelagem de \'Deadeners\' usando NASTRAN e correlação experimental". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18149/tde-13032012-085537/.

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Este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de um modelo em elementos finitos de elementos de dissipação vibratória de base betuminosa, chamados comumente de deadeners. O modelo baseia-se no algoritmo comercial MSC/NASTRAN e é correlacionado e verificado com base em dados experimentais de laboratório. O resultado final deste projeto é um modelo para os deadeners que pode ser utilizado em modelos de elementos finitos de veículos completos, facilitando assim a definição da melhor localização dos mesmos no veículo bem como a otimização de seu uso. O modelo tem melhor resultado em termos de amplitude para frequências abaixo de 200Hz, porém apresenta tendências de superestimar o efeito do amortecimento nos picos de ressonância
This project aims the development of a finite element model of vibration dissipating elements of bituminous base, commonly called \"deadeners. The proposed model is based on the finite element commercial algorithm MSC/NASTRAN and is correlated and verified on experimental data from laboratory. The end result of this project is a model for \"deadeners\" which can be used in finite element models of complete vehicles, thus facilitating better definition of their location in the vehicle as well as the optimization of its use. The model has a better result in terms of amplitude for frequencies below 200 Hz, but shows a tendency to overestimate the effects of damping at the resonance peaks

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34

Teixeira, António Joaquim da Silva. "Síntese articulatória das vogais nasais do português europeu". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/4259.

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35

Greene, Amanda E. "Perceived Effectiveness of Social Media at NASCAR Tracks". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4957.

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36

Saladini, Bruno <1982&gt. "Strategie formulative per la veicolazione nasale di farmaci". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6468/1/saladini_bruno_tesi.pdf.

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Microparticelle a base di complessi polielettrolitici di Chitosano/Pectina per il rilascio nasale di Tacrina cloridrato. Lo scopo di questo studio è stata la ricerca di nuove formulazioni solide per la somministrazione nasale di Tacrina cloridrato allo scopo di ridurre l’eccessivo effetto di primo passaggio epatico ed aumentarne la biodisponibilità a livello del Sistema Nervoso Centrale. La Tacrina è stata incapsulata in microparticelle mucoadesive a base di complessi elettrolitici di chitosano e pectina. Le microparticelle sono state preparate mediante due diversi approcci tecnologici (spray-drying e spray-drying/liofilizzazione) e analizzate in termini di caratteristiche dimensionali, morfologiche e chimico-fisiche. Nanoparticelle di Chitosano reticolate con Sodio Cromoglicato per il trattamento della rinite allergica. Il Sodio Cromoglicato è uno dei farmaci utilizzati per il trattamento della rinite allergica. Come noto, la clearance mucociliare provoca una rapida rimozione dei farmaci in soluzione dalla cavità nasale, aumentando così il numero di somministrazioni giornaliere e, di conseguenza, riducendo la compliance del paziente. Per ovviare a tale problema, si è pensato di includere il sodio cromoglicato in nanoparticelle di chitosano, un polimero capace di aderire alla mucosa nasale, prolungare il contatto della formulazione con il sito di applicazione e ridurre il numero di somministrazioni giornaliere. Le nanoparticelle ottenute sono state caratterizzate in termini di dimensioni, resa, efficienza di incapsulazione e caricamento del farmaco, potenziale zeta e caratteristiche mucoadesive. Analisi quantitativa di Budesonide amorfa tramite calorimetria a scansione differenziale. È stato sviluppato un nuovo metodo quantitativo allo stato solido basato sulla Calorimetria a Scansione Differenziale (DSC) in grado di quantificare in modo selettivo e accurato la quantità di Budesonide amorfa presente in una miscela solida. Durante lo sviluppo del metodo sono stati affrontati problemi relativi alla convalida di metodi analitici su campioni solidi quali la miscelazione di polveri solide per la preparazione di miscele standard e il calcolo della precisione.
Microparticles based on chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complexes for nasal delivery of tacrine hydrochloride. The purpose of this study was the research of new solid formulations for the nasal administration of tacrine hydrochloride in order to reduce the hepatic first-pass effect and increase its bioavailability in the Central Nervous System. Tacrine was encapsulated in microparticles based on mucoadhesive chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complex. The microparticles were prepared using two different technological approaches (spray-drying and spray-drying/lyophilization) and analyzed in terms of dimensional, morphological and chemical-physical characteristics. Nanoparticles of chitosan crosslinked with cromolyn sodium for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Sodium cromolyn is one of the drugs used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. As known, the mucociliary clearance causes a rapid removal of a solution of the drug from the nasal cavity, thus increasing the number of daily administrations and, consequently, reducing the patient's compliance. To overcome this problem, the sodium cromoglycate was included in nanoparticles of chitosan, a polymer capable to prolong the contact of the formulation with the nasal mucosa and reduce the number of daily administrations. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, yield, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, zeta potential and mucoadhesive properties. Quantitative analysis of amorphous Budesonide by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. A solid-state quantitative method, able to selectively and accurately quantify the amount of amorphous Budesonide present in a solid mixture, was developed using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). During the development of the method, some problems related to the validation of a solid-state analytical method (such as the mixing of solid powders for the preparation of standard mixtures and the calculation accuracy) have been addressed and solved.

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37

Saladini, Bruno <1982&gt. "Strategie formulative per la veicolazione nasale di farmaci". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6468/.

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Abstract (sommario):

Microparticelle a base di complessi polielettrolitici di Chitosano/Pectina per il rilascio nasale di Tacrina cloridrato. Lo scopo di questo studio è stata la ricerca di nuove formulazioni solide per la somministrazione nasale di Tacrina cloridrato allo scopo di ridurre l’eccessivo effetto di primo passaggio epatico ed aumentarne la biodisponibilità a livello del Sistema Nervoso Centrale. La Tacrina è stata incapsulata in microparticelle mucoadesive a base di complessi elettrolitici di chitosano e pectina. Le microparticelle sono state preparate mediante due diversi approcci tecnologici (spray-drying e spray-drying/liofilizzazione) e analizzate in termini di caratteristiche dimensionali, morfologiche e chimico-fisiche. Nanoparticelle di Chitosano reticolate con Sodio Cromoglicato per il trattamento della rinite allergica. Il Sodio Cromoglicato è uno dei farmaci utilizzati per il trattamento della rinite allergica. Come noto, la clearance mucociliare provoca una rapida rimozione dei farmaci in soluzione dalla cavità nasale, aumentando così il numero di somministrazioni giornaliere e, di conseguenza, riducendo la compliance del paziente. Per ovviare a tale problema, si è pensato di includere il sodio cromoglicato in nanoparticelle di chitosano, un polimero capace di aderire alla mucosa nasale, prolungare il contatto della formulazione con il sito di applicazione e ridurre il numero di somministrazioni giornaliere. Le nanoparticelle ottenute sono state caratterizzate in termini di dimensioni, resa, efficienza di incapsulazione e caricamento del farmaco, potenziale zeta e caratteristiche mucoadesive. Analisi quantitativa di Budesonide amorfa tramite calorimetria a scansione differenziale. È stato sviluppato un nuovo metodo quantitativo allo stato solido basato sulla Calorimetria a Scansione Differenziale (DSC) in grado di quantificare in modo selettivo e accurato la quantità di Budesonide amorfa presente in una miscela solida. Durante lo sviluppo del metodo sono stati affrontati problemi relativi alla convalida di metodi analitici su campioni solidi quali la miscelazione di polveri solide per la preparazione di miscele standard e il calcolo della precisione.
Microparticles based on chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complexes for nasal delivery of tacrine hydrochloride. The purpose of this study was the research of new solid formulations for the nasal administration of tacrine hydrochloride in order to reduce the hepatic first-pass effect and increase its bioavailability in the Central Nervous System. Tacrine was encapsulated in microparticles based on mucoadhesive chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complex. The microparticles were prepared using two different technological approaches (spray-drying and spray-drying/lyophilization) and analyzed in terms of dimensional, morphological and chemical-physical characteristics. Nanoparticles of chitosan crosslinked with cromolyn sodium for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Sodium cromolyn is one of the drugs used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. As known, the mucociliary clearance causes a rapid removal of a solution of the drug from the nasal cavity, thus increasing the number of daily administrations and, consequently, reducing the patient's compliance. To overcome this problem, the sodium cromoglycate was included in nanoparticles of chitosan, a polymer capable to prolong the contact of the formulation with the nasal mucosa and reduce the number of daily administrations. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, yield, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, zeta potential and mucoadhesive properties. Quantitative analysis of amorphous Budesonide by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. A solid-state quantitative method, able to selectively and accurately quantify the amount of amorphous Budesonide present in a solid mixture, was developed using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). During the development of the method, some problems related to the validation of a solid-state analytical method (such as the mixing of solid powders for the preparation of standard mixtures and the calculation accuracy) have been addressed and solved.

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38

Nasori, Nasori [Verfasser], Yong Akademischer Betreuer] Lei, Michael [Gutachter] [Köhler e Zhijie [Gutachter] Wang. "Design of metal oxide-based electrodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting / Nasori Nasori ; Gutachter: Michael Köhler, Zhijie Wang ; Betreuer: Yong Lei". Ilmenau : TU Ilmenau, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1178134180/34.

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39

Nasori, Nasori [Verfasser], Yong [Akademischer Betreuer] Lei, Michael [Gutachter] Köhler e Zhijie [Gutachter] Wang. "Design of metal oxide-based electrodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting / Nasori Nasori ; Gutachter: Michael Köhler, Zhijie Wang ; Betreuer: Yong Lei". Ilmenau : TU Ilmenau, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:ilm1-2018000076.

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40

Wong, Livia. "Acoustic properties of Cantonese final alveolar and velar nasals". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209235.

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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1995.
"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 28, 1995." Also available in print.

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41

Olivier, Iolanda. "Duurverskynsels by enkelvoudige nasale en komplekse nasaalverbindings in Xhosa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52246.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this assignment durational features in singular nasals and complex nasal combinations in Xhosa are studied. The focus is on durational differences between single nasals, nasals in combination with consonants and nasal combinations featuring a morpheme boundary. Nouns were selected with these INCI-combinations in various syllable positions in a word. Data from one mother-tongue speaker were analysed and statistically processed and internally compared. It was found that the duration of a singular /m/ and /n/ preceding a morpheme boundary was longer than the corresponding nasal in a final syllable without an intervening morpheme boundary. When an obstruent appears in conjunction with a labial and alveolar nasal, the total duration of these INCI-combinations are longer than those of the singular /m/ and /n/. The presence of a morpheme boundary after complex nasals seemingly has no influence on the duration of the nasal or on the rest of the segments in the syllable. The duration of the syllabic /m/ is longer than that of the singular labial /m/. As secondary findings sequential aspects of nasals are discussed. In this study theoretical arguments are offered where possible in support of the above mentioned results.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie werkstuk word duurverskynsels by enkelvoudige nasale en komplekse nasaalverbindings in Xhosa bestudeer. Daar word gefokus op die duurverskillle tussen enkelvoudige nasale, nasale in kombinasie met konsonante en nasaalverbindings waar 'n morfeemgrens voorkom. Naamwoorde is gesoek met die INK/-kombinasies in die laaste sillabeposisie, voorfinale en enige sillabeposisie vorentoe in die woord. Die data van een moedertaalspreker is ontleed en statisties verwerk. Die resultate hiervan is ook onderling met mekaar vergelyk. Daar is onder meer bevind dat die duur van 'n enkelvoudige /m/ en /n/ relatief langer is voor 'n morfeemgrens as die ooreenstemmende nasaal in 'n finale sillabe sonder 'n morfeemgrens. Wanneer 'n stopklank saam met 'n labiale en alveolere nasaal verskyn, is die totale duur van die INK/-kombinasies langer as die enkelvoudige /m/ en /n/ s'n. Die teenwoordigheid van 'n morfeemgrens na komplekse nasale het skynbaar geen invloed op die duur van die nasaal en of die res van die segmente in die sillabe nie. Die sillabiese /m/ se duur is langer as die enkelvoudige labiale /m/. In die sekondere bevindinge word sekere opeenvolgings van die nasaal bespreek. In hierdie studie word, waar moontlik, sekere teoretiese argumente aangebied vir onder meer bogenoemde resultate.

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42

Frasson, Jussara Marinho Dias. "Estudo cefalometrico comparativo entre respiradores nasais e predominantemente bucais". [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287922.

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Orientador: Maria Beatriz Borges Araujo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a possível influência do padrão respiratório na determinação das dimensões craniofaciais, tendo como base a analise cefalométrica de Tweed-Merrifield, acrescidas do ângulo SN-GoGn e do ângulo do eixo Y. A amostra selecionada para o presente estudo constou de 50 telerradiografias, tomadas em norma lateral e posição natural de cabeça, de jovens do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 9 a 12 anos (idade média de 10 anos e 5 meses) com maloclusão de Classe I. Após o diagnóstico do padrão respiratório, dividiu-se a amostra em dois grupos, assim constituídos: grupo controle - 25 telerradiografias de respiradores nasais e grupo experimental - 25 telerradiografias de respiradores predominantemente bucal. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise descritiva (média e desvio padrão), teste F e teste ¿t¿ de student com nível de significância de 5%, através dos quais foi possível constatar não existir diferença significativa entre os grupos com respiração nasal quando comparado com o grupo de respiração predominantemente bucal para nenhumas das grandezas estudadas
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible correlation between the respiratory standard in determining the craniofacial dimensions, using as baseline the Tweed-Merrifield¿s cephalometric analysis, added to the angle SN-GoGn and to the angle of the axis Y. The selected sample to this study was made of 50 telerradiografic taken in lateral norm and natural head position of the from young female patients at the age of 9 to 12 years old, presenting an average age of 10 years and 5 months of Class 1 malocclusion. After the respiratory standard diagnosis, the sample was divided in two groups: control group, 25 telerradiografic of nasal breathers in lateral norm and natural position of the head; experimental group, 25 telerradiografic of mainly buccal breathers in lateral norm and natural position of the head. The results were submitted to a descriptive analysis (average and standard deviation), test F and test ¿t¿ of ¿student¿ with a significance level of 5%. It was verified that there was not a significant difference between the group with nasal breathing and the group with mainly buccal breathing for none the cefalometric values studied.
Mestrado
Ortodontia
Mestre em Ortodontia

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43

Fernandez, Glauco Ortega. "\"Menina a caminho\", de Raduan Nassar: um olhar semiótico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-13092012-125152/.

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Neste trabalho, apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa que aproxima a teoria semiótica e a literatura. Tal estudo consistiu na análise de um texto literário: o conto Menina a caminho, de autoria do escritor brasileiro contemporâneo Raduan Nassar. Para compreendermos o processo de construção de sentidos engendrado no referido texto, ancoramo-nos na teoria semiótica de linha francesa, ou greimasiana. Por meio do instrumental oferecido por essa teoria, pudemos compreender os mecanismos e efeitos de sentido articulados pelo enunciador do conto que, dentre outros fatores, são os responsáveis pela elevada qualidade estético-literária de seu texto.
In this dissertation, we present the results of a research that approaches the semiotic theory and literature. The study chooses as its subject the short-story Menina a caminho, from the Brazilian contemporary author Raduan Nassar. In order to make explicit the building of the text meaning, we have as approach the French semiotic theory. Through the tools offered by this theory, we can understand the means and meaning effects produced by the short-story enunciator that are responsible for the high aesthetic and literary quality of his text.

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44

Rosa, André Luiz. "Caracterização físico-química de sistemas coloidais em sprays nasais". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46137/tde-31102016-090427/.

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Neste trabalho avaliou-se o comportamento coloidal de suspensões nasais contendo micropartículas de celulose (MCC-NaCMC) com o objetivo de desenvolver um produto genérico compatível com o produto referência de mercado. As propriedades reológicas destas formulações possuem alta influência nos atributos críticos de qualidade do produto, como uniformidade de dose, devido sedimentação durante estocagem em prateleira, e também na performance in-vitro/ in-vivo. Realizaram-se testes com diferentes concentrações de MCC-NaCMC e diferentes parâmetros de processo (tempo e taxa de cisalhamento) utilizando um planejamento de experimentos (DoE) de superfície de respostas através de um modelo composto central. As respostas avaliadas foram tamanho de partículas (quantidade em porcentagem de partículas menores que 1µm e D90) através da técnica por difração a laser e viscosidade/tixotropia através de um reômetro rotacional. Influências significativas dos três fatores e efeitos sinérgicos entre eles nas respostas analisadas foram observadas. Desta maneira foi possível obter respostas próximas ao do produto referência de mercado através deste mapeamento. Observou-se também uma alta correlação entre as respostas, pois este estudo mostrou que o tamanho das partículas coloidais controla a viscosidade e tixotropia das dispersões coloidais. Este trabalho mostrou a significativa influência das etapas de processo no comportamento coloidal das formulações. Idealmente o processo deveria ser monitorado por medidas reológicas, porém este controle é inviável devido ao tempo para a reestruturação do sistema (24 horas). Portanto, a melhor alternativa seria o monitoramento do processo por análise de tamanho de partículas online.
In this work, the colloidal behavior of nasal suspensions containing cellulose microparticles (MCC-NaCMC) was evaluated, in order to develop a generic product compatible with the brand-name product. The rheological properties of these formulations have high influence on the critical quality attributes of the product, such as dose uniformity, due to sedimentation during shelf life, and also on in-vitro/in-vivo performance. Tests were performed with different concentrations of MCC-NaCMC and different process parameters (time and shear rate) using a Design of Experiments (DoE) with response surface by central composite design. The responses evaluated were particle size (amount in percentage of particles smaller than 1m and D90) by means of laser diffraction, and viscosity / thixotropy using a rotational rheometer. Significant influences of the three factors and synergic effects among responses were observed. Through this mapping it was possible to obtain nearby responses to the brand-name product. There was also a strong correlation between the responses, because the size of colloidal particles controlled the dispersion viscosity and thixotropy. This study showed the significant influence of the process steps on the colloidal behavior of the formulations. Ideally the process should be monitored by rheological measurements, but this control is not feasible due to the time required for the system rebuilding (24 hours). Therefore, the best alternative would be monitoring the process by the online particle size analysis.

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Santos, Vanessa Carrasco. "Uma pronúncia standar das vogais nasais do português brasileiro". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14228.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation is situated in the area of Portuguese Language Description and limited aspects of nasal vowels articulation pre, post and tonic in Brazilian Portuguese. There has been concern in the quantitative and qualitative description of the standardized pronunciation, by TV Globo, the nasal vowels of Brazilian Portuguese. The aim of this work is to contribute to studies of identity of a standard pronunciation of Brazilian Portuguese, in order to provide the "desestrangeiração" students, speakers of other languages who are learning Brazilian Portuguese. It has specific goals for: 1 - The qualitative and quantitative description of the pronunciation of nasal vowels pre-stress; 2 - The qualitative and quantitative description of the pronunciation of nasal vowels post-tonic; 3 - The qualitative and quantitative description of the pronunciation of nasal vowels tonic; The procedure of analysis was descriptive and explanatory materials being collected in the database of pronunciation stander, file this one from Prof. Dr. Regina Celia Pagliuchi da Silveira. The results enabled the formulation of rules for the pronunciation of Brazilian Portuguese idiom: 1-The pre-stress nasal vowels are articulated following the control of the letter; 2-The vowels post-tonic is made by nasal vowel or the vowel reduction or desnasalação; 3-Vowels tonic is made by nasal vowels monotongações or ditongações, depending on the number of syllables in the word, The 4-ditongações preferably are increasing; We conclude that there is a standardized pronunciation for the nasal vowels of Brazilian Portuguese and this is controlled by phonological rules, phonetic and morfofonológicas
Esta dissertação situa-se na área da Descrição de Língua Portuguesa e delimitada aspectos articulatórios das vogais nasais pré, pós e tônicas do português brasileiro. Tem-se por tema, a descrição quantitativa e qualitativa da pronúncia standardizada, pela TV Globo, das vogais nasais do português brasileiro. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é contribuir com os estudos identitários de uma pronúncia standar do português brasileiro, a fim de propiciar a desestrangeiração de alunos, falantes de outras línguas que estão aprendendo o português brasileiro. Tem-se por objetivos específicos: 1- A descrição qualitativa e quantitativa da pronúncia das vogais nasais prétônicas; 2- A descrição qualitativa e quantitativa da pronúncia das vogais nasais pós tônicas; 3- A descrição qualitativa e quantitativa da pronúncia das vogais nasais tônicas; O procedimento de análise foi descritivo e explicativo, sendo os materiais coletados no banco de dados da pronúncia standar, arquivo este da Profª Drª Regina Célia Pagliuchi da Silveira. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram a formulação de regras para a pronúncia idiomática do português brasileiro: 1-As vogais pré-tônicas nasais são articuladas seguindo o controle da letra; 2-As vogais pós-tônicas são realizadas pela vogal nasal ou pela redução vocálica ou desnasalação; 3-As vogais tônicas são realizadas por vogais nasais monotongações ou ditongações, dependendo do nº de sílabas da palavra; 4-As ditongações preferencialmente são crescentes; Conclui-se que há uma pronúncia standardizada para as vogais nasais do português brasileiro e esta é controlada por regras fonológicas, fonéticas e morfofonológicas

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Camargo, Junior Humberto Lopes. "Reprodutibilidade de medições antropométricas nasais obtidas por estereofotogrametrias tridimensionais". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31880.

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Objetivo: Testar a reprodutibilidade de medições antropométricas nasais obtidas com um sistema de imagem de estereofotogrametria tridimensional. Métodos: Pontos antropométricos tridimensionais do nariz foram obtidos da face de 40 voluntários saudáveis com o uso de um sistema de estereofotogrametria 3D (Vectra®, Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ) num intervalo mínimo de 30 dias. Trinta e três medidas lineares, uma tangencial, três angulares e uma volumétrica foram obtidas a partir destes pontos. Os erros sistemáticos e aleatórios entre as duas medidas realizadas pelo mesmo observador (tempo 1 e tempo 2) foram calculados. Resultados: Três medidas lineares e uma angular apresentaram erro sistemático (p > 0,05, teste t pareado). As medidas foram repetitíveis, com uma precisão moderada naquelas menores de 11 mm. Conclusão: A antropometria nasal realizada com a estereofotogrametria se mostrou reprodutível. Entretanto isso só é possível com uma acurada localização dos pontos antropométricos. Pequenas medidas, menores que 11 mm, devem ser usadas com cuidado porque seus pequenos erros, podem contribuir sub ou superestimando os resultados de estudos.

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47

Hurd, Joseph A. "Leadership Styles of Head NASCAR Executives: A Historical Perspective". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3705.

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This study sought to explore the leadership styles and theories employed throughout the existence of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR). The research examines the decision process and subsequent outcomes, exploring how they ultimately affected the business and trajectory of the sport. NASCAR is the product of unique and specific characteristics of racing enthusiasts who turned their passion into an international empire. This illustrates how leadership styles, specifically dictatorial leadership, successfully managed decisions of the business. Through the use of qualitative research to review historical accounts of events, this study strives to explain how leadership guided the business from small beginnings to a worldwide phenomenon. Data collected included document review, observations, and an interview. Synthesis of the data showed that each of the four primary leaders (Bill France Sr., Bill France Jr., Brain France, and Jim France) used the autocratic/dictatorial leadership style as they directed the sport. Historical evidence shows that this style of leadership was required to build the sport and move it to its current recognized level. Recommendation for further study encourage future scholars to revisit the long-term impact of Brian France’s leadership once more time has passed since his negatively charged removal from the leadership position. Researchers would need to also examine the leadership of Jim France because at the time of this study he has been in his leadership position for less than two years.

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48

Ferreira, Liliana da Silva. "Contributos para a caracterização das vogais nasais do português". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/8968.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações
As vogais nasais do Português Europeu são sons complexos com uma natureza dinâmica que apresentam várias dificuldades à sua caracterização completa. Em estudos anteriores, visando a caracterização destes sons nasais, foram recolhidos dois corpora contendo, para além do sinal de voz, informação sobre os movimentos orais e do véu palatino (recolhidos através da tecnologia Electromagnetic Articulography) e informação sobre o comportamento das cordas vocais (sinal proveniente do Electroglottograph), respectivamente. Neste último corpus foram ainda contempladas as variações regionais e contextuais das vogais nasais. Este trabalho tem como objectivo estender as análises efectuadas anteriormente a todo o material de voz existente, melhorar a obtenção de parâmetros relacionados com a fonte e caracterizar as várias fases de uma vogal nasal no maior número de contextos possível. As análises desenvolvidas serão úteis na produção das várias vogais nasais do Português, utilizando o sintetizador articulatório da Universidade de Aveiro, com qualidade, se possível, superior à resultante de estudos anteriores.
The European Portuguese nasal vowels are complex sounds with a dynamic nature that present several difficulties to its complete characterization. In previous studies, aiming the analysis of these nasal sounds, were collected two corpora containing, beyond the speech signal, information about the oral and velum movements (collected with Electromagnetic Articulography), and information about the glottal source behaviour (signal originating from the Electroglottograph), respectively. In this last corpus were contemplated the regional and contextual variations of the nasal vowels. This study extend the previous analysis to all the existing speech material, improve the obtaining of parameters related with the glottal source and characterize the several phases of a nasal vowel in all possible number of contexts. The analysis developed will be helpful in the production of the several nasal vowels of the Portuguese, if possible, with superior quality over the resultant one from previous studies, utilizing for such the University of Aveiro articulatory synthesizer.

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Hu, Minghui. "Maintaining NASTRAN : the politics and technics of aerospace computing /". Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06082009-170731/.

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Lorenzetti, Marco Antonio. "ANÁLISE CEFALOMÉTRICA COMPARATIVA ENTRE CRIANÇAS RESPIRADORAS BUCAIS E NASAIS". Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2007. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1236.

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There are several controversies on the real interference from breathing on craniofacial growth. This study evaluated the possible relationship of the influence of breathing pattern with cephalometric variables: 1) sagittal skeletal variables: convexity of point A, facial depth, maxillary depth and mandibular body length; 2) vertical skeletal variables: lower facial height, facial axis, facial cone, palatal plane, mandibular plane, posterior facial height and mandibular arch; 3) dental variables: protrusion of mandibular incisor and protrusion of maxillary incisor. The sample was composed of 120 children, males and females, with Class I and II-1 malocclusions, mouth breathers and nose breathers, in the mixed and permanent dentition stages, with indication for orthodontic treatment. After orthodontic, ENT and speech evaluations, the sample was divided into 2 groups: 60 children with Class I and II-1 malocclusion, mouth breathers, and 60 children with Class I and II-1 malocclusion, nose breathers; each group was further divided into 3 subgroups according to age range, namely 7 to 8 years, 9 to 10 years, and 11 to 12 years. After achievement of results and interpretation of statistical analysis, the following could be concluded: 1) concerning the relationship between breathing patterns and sagittal skeletal variables, there was statistically significant difference with increase in the following cephalometric variables: convexity of point A for mouth breathers aged 7-8 years with Class I malocclusion; and facial depth and maxillary depth for mouth breathers aged 9-10 years with Class II-1 malocclusion; 2) concerning the relationship between breathing patterns and vertical skeletal variables, there was statistically significant difference with reduction in the following cephalometric variables: facial cone for the mouth breathers aged 9-10 years with Class I malocclusion; and mandibular arch for the mouth breathers aged 7-8 years with Class II-1 malocclusion; 3) concerning the relationship between breathing patterns and dental variables, there was no statistically significant difference for protrusion of either maxillary or mandibular incisors, without correlation with breathing patterns (mouth and nose breathing).
Existem muitas controvérsias sobre a real interferência da respiração no crescimento craniofacial. Este estudo avaliou a possível relação da influência do padrão respiratório com as variáveis cefalométricas: 1) variáveis esqueléticas sagitais: convexidade do ponto A, profundidade facial, profundidade da maxila e comprimento do corpo mandibular; 2) variáveis esqueléticas verticais: altura facial inferior, eixo facial, cone facial, plano palatal, plano mandibular, altura facial posterior e arco mandibular; 3) variáveis dentárias: protrusão do incisivo inferior e protrusão do incisivo superior. A amostra constituiu-se de 120 crianças do sexo masculino e do sexo feminino com más-oclusões dentárias de Classe I e II-1, respiradores bucais e nasais na fase da dentadura mista e permanente, com indicação para tratamento ortodôntico. Após as avaliações ortodôntica, otorrinolaringológica e fonoaudiológica a amostra foi dividida em 2 grupos: 60 crianças portadoras de más-oclusões Classe I e Classe II-1 respiradoras bucais e 60 crianças portadoras de más-oclusões Classe I e Classe II-1 respiradoras nasais, sendo cada grupo divididos em 3 subgrupos nas faixas etárias: 7 a 8 anos, 9 a 10 anos e 11 a 12 anos. Após a obtenção dos resultados e a interpretação da análise estatística, foi possível concluir que: 1) das relações entre os padrões respiratórios (bucal e nasal) e as variáveis esqueléticas sagitais: constatou-se que houve diferença estatisticamente significante, apresentando-se as variáveis cefalométricas: Convexidade pto. A: aumentada no grupo de respiração bucal, idade de 7 a 8 anos com má-oclusão Classe I. Profundidade facial : aumentada no grupo de respiração bucal, idade de 9 a 10 anos com má-oclusão Classe II-1. Profundidade maxila: aumentada no grupo de respiração bucal, idade de 9 a 10 anos com má-oclusão Classe II-1; 2) das relações entre os padrões respiratórios (bucal e nasal) e as variáveis esqueléticas verticais: constatou-se que houve diferença estatisticamente significante, apresentando-se as variáveis cefalométricas: Cone facial: diminuída no grupo de respiração bucal, idade 9 a 10 anos com má-oclusão Classe I. Arco mandibular : diminuída no grupo de respiração bucal, idade 7 a 8 anos com má-oclusão Classe II-1.; 3) das relações entre os padrões respiratórios (bucal e nasal) e as variáveis dentárias: constatou-se que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante para nenhuma das variáveis dentárias analisadas: protrusão do incisivo inferior e superior , não se relacionando com os padrões respiratórios (bucal e nasal).

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