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Tesi sul tema "Nanosondes fluorescentes"
Hajjaji, Hamza. "Nanosondes fluorescentes pour l'exploration des pressions et des températures dans les films lubrifiants". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0076/document.
Testo completoThe goal of this study is the use of Si and SiC nanoparticles (NPs) as fluorescent temperature nanoprobes particularly in lubricating films. The development of these nanoprobes requires the determination of their thermal sensitivity in order to select the best prospects NPs. To achieve this goal, we presented two preparation methods used for the synthesis of 3C-SiC based nanostructures : (i) anodic etching method and (ii) chemical etching method. In the first case, the FTIR, Raman and TEM analysis of final NPs showed that the chemical nature of these NPs is formed predominantly of graphitic carbon. The detailed photoluminescence study of these NPs showed that the emission process depends on the surface chemistry of the NPs, the dispersion medium and its viscosity, the suspension concentration and temperature of the environment.. In the second case, coherent TEM, DLS and PL analyzes showed an average size of 1.8 nm in diameter with a dispersion of ±0.5 nm. The external quantum efficiency of these NPs is 4%. NPs dispersed in ethanol, did not show an exploitable fluorescence dependence on temperature for our application. On the other hand, 3C-SiC NPs produced by this way, given the narrow size distribution and the reasonably high quantum yield for an indirect bandgap material, are promising for applications such as luminophores in particular in the biology field thanks to nontoxicity of SiC. In the case of Si we studied also two different types of NPs. (i) NPs obtained by anodic etching and functionalized by alkyl groups (decene, octadecene). We have demonstrated for the first time an important red-shift in the emission energy dEg/dT with temperature from 300 to 400K. The PL lifetime measurement(T) lead to a thermal sensitivity of 0.75% /°C very interesting compared to II-VI NPs. Furthermore it has been shown that t is not depending on the concentration. (ii) NPs obtained by wet-chemical process and functionalized with n-butyl. For this type of NPs we have identified for the first time a blue-shift behavior of dEg dT in the order of -0.75 meV/K in squalane. The thermal sensitivity for the PL lifetime of these NPs is 0.2%/°C, which is lower than that of NPs obtained by anodic etching method, but much greater than that of CdSe NPs with 4 nm of diameter (0.08%/°C). Quantification of the temperature sensitivity by the position of emission peak dEg/dT and the PL lifetime dτ/dT allows us to consider the realization of temperature nanoprobes based on Si NPs with recommendations to use Si NPs obtained by anodic etching method and PL lifetime as an indicator of temperature changes
Parent, Manuel. "Nanosondes pour l'imagerie multiphotonique : design, synthèse et caractérisation". Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S056.
Testo completoMultiphotonic excitation methods have attracted increased attention in relation to their convenient advantages regarding selectivity, 3‑D localisation and penetration depth. Non‑linear microscopies are one of the most promising techniques which allow a softer and higher‑performance biological imaging, only if high-performance adequate markers and probes are developed. In the first part of this work we present different existing probes and general concepts about two‑photon absorption induced fluorescence and second harmonic generation. Secondly, we present our work about the strategy used to create new molecular tools in order to probe, in real time, three important biological local parameters: pH, membrane potential, and microenvironment. The molecular engineering which has been developed allowed synthesis and study of several families of probes that show, besides a large non linear response, a great dependence of their photophysical characteristics to the probed parameter
Rouxel, Cédric. "Des nanosondes bio- et éco-compatibles pour l'imagerie multifonctionnelle du vivant". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S012.
Testo completoQuantums dots are very popular luminescent nanoparticles, made from semi-conductors (such as CdSe), which can be used both in classical fluorescence imaging and in multiphotonics, but which contain toxic heavy metals such as cadmium. Our approach, which aims at substituting these toxic components with organic biocompatible elements, relies on the confinement of a large number of organic fluorophores within spherical nano-objects of controlled size and structure, by grafting them on the surface of a non-toxic dendrimeric architecture. This strategy is highly modular and a large variety of organic nanodots of various sizes, colors and kinds (neutral, charged…) can be prepared for specific applications. As compared to “hard” nanoparticles such as quantum dots, nanodots are “soft” objects with discrete, fully controlled and reproducible structures. Their emission color does not depend on their size, but only on the nature of their constituting chromophores. Several series of nanodots have been synthesized, and exceptionally bright “soft” nanoparticles of few nanometers in diameter have been obtained, with quantum yields larger than 50%, molar extinction coefficients up to 7 106 M-1 cm-1 and two-photon absorption cross-sections up to 6 104 GM, often outperforming the best quantum dots. The modularity of the concept was exemplified by tuning the fluorescence color, by varying the core geometry, and by synthesizing water-soluble nanodots, the efficiency of which was demonstrated in multiphoton imaging on living animal
Mangeolle, Tristan. "Nanosondes multimodales pour guider la chirurgie des carcinomatoses péritonéales d'origine ovarienne". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0280/document.
Testo completoOvarian cancers have a low incidence but a high mortality rate, making them the fifth cause of death by cancer for female population. This high mortality rate is associated with the absence of symptom at the early stage of ovarian cancer, often delaying the diagnosis to advanced stages, mainly peritoneal carcinomatosis. At this stage, metastases have already invaded the abdominal cavity. The reference treatment combines a complete cytoreduction surgery and intravenous chemotherapy. During the cytoreduction, the surgeon must inspect the whole peritoneal surface, and remove all of all sizes, even sub-millimetric. Because of the difficulty to detect and to remove every cancerous tissue, cytoreduction is frequently incomplete, thus reducing the recovery rate. To guide the surgeon and to increase the percentage of complete cytoreduction, fluorescent probes have been developed to target tumors specifically. Despite encouraging results, these probes suffer from many limitations such as low brightness, weak stability and cumbersome modularity. In this context, nanoparticles, that are able to outpass these limitations, have generated a growing interest. Among these nanoparticles, semiconductor nanocristals, called quantum dots, display an exceptional brightness. We investigated these quantum dots, associated with folate, a reference targeting agent for ovarian cancers. Firstly investigated on in vitro cellular and tumor model, folate targeted nanoparticles show encouraging imaging capabilities. These capabilites were also experimented on peritoneal carcinomatosis murine model. Finally, the main obstacle to quantum dot clinical application remains their bioaccumulation, therefore, different alternatives were explored to achieve excretion
Fayad, Nour. "Versatile FREΤ-Based Fluοrescent Νanοprοbes fοr Biοsensing and Biοimaging Applicatiοns". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR077.
Testo completoNanotechnology has enhanced biological diagnostics by providing a new tool to develop biosensing and bioimaging techniques. One of the key techniques involves Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), where a transfer of non-radiative energy can occur between a donor and an acceptor molecule, if they are within 1-10nm range. FRET represents an important approach in the detection and quantification of biological processes due to its high sensitivity to molecular interactions at a nanoscale level. The aim of this thesis is the development of FRET based fluorescent nanoprobes designed for the detection and quantification of different biological processes. This work includes the design of FRET-based nanosensor for intracellular detection of glucose, the discovery of new materials with new properties obtained by encapsulating luminescent metal complexes within polymer nanoparticles and achieving FRET with co encapsulation of near-infrared region (NIR) dye for bioimaging applications and new strategies for multiplexed biosensing using quantum dots (QDs) for simultaneous detection of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) targets. These studies mentioned highlight the potential of FRET-based fluorescent nanoprobes in advancing biosensing research and diagnostic applications
Vũ, Xuân Hòa. "Nanosondes plasmoniques pour les applications biomédicales". Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077107.
Testo completoGold nanoparticles have remarkable optical properties due to their plasmon resonance. At resonance, their absorption and scattering cross-sections can be larger than their geometric section. This opens the way to many applications especially in the biomedical field. For example it is possible to track a single nanoparticle by its scattered signal, or use it as a source efficient photothermal transducer. In the first part, we have developed gold nanoparticles with half-sphere shaped, called nanocrescents, by nanosphere lithography. This reproducible technique allows the production of monodisperse nanocrescents, possibly incorporating other additional properties. In particular, we designed hybrid nanoprobes combining magnetic properties or fluorescence plasmonic properties. The anisotropic shape of nanocrescents gives them anisotropic optical properties that have the signature of their orientation. In a second part, we have developed a technique to measure local temperature from corrélations of the scattered light from an individual nanocrescent under dark field microscopy. The rotational Brownian motion of the nanoparticle gives access to the temperature of the immediate environment. Finally, in the third part, we have developed a photothermic setup using a laser that coincides with one of the plasmon resonances of the nanocroissants. These latter behave as nano-heater. The local increase of temperature was measured remotely, with an accuracy of approximately one degree, using the scattering correlation spectroscopy
Gagnon, Joanie. "Développement de nanosondes plasmoniques d'indium pour l'exaltation de la fluorescence dans l'UV". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25194.
Testo completoUntil recently, most of the work done on metal-enhanced fluorescence of molecular fluorophores employed silver and gold nanoparticles as the substrate. However, these metals are not perfectly suit for fluorescence enhancement in the UV region of the spectrum as their maximum plasmonic bands are centered at approximately 400 nm and 530 nm for silver and gold, respectively. The interest in the UV region is mostly due to biomedical studies as most of the biomolecules absorb and emit in this region. In this project, the focus is on DNA, which is fluorescent via the nucleobases, en even more so on proteins which owe their intrinsic fluorescence to the three aromatic amino acids, tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine. The main goal of this project is to develop a nanostructure able to support metal-enhanced fluorescence in the UV. Indium seems to be the perfect metal to work with as it is part of the boron group (Al, Ga, In, Tl) which is characterized by low absorption losses, but also by its strong plasmonic band centered at approximately 300 nm making it suitable for metal-enhanced fluorescence studies in the UV. In this project, indium nanoparticles with a size ranging from 60 to 80 nm were developed with a plasmon approximately centered at 310 nm. Then, a protective dielectric layer of silica was synthesized on the indium core. The thickness of the silica layer is easily tunable; it is used to find the optimal distance to observe a maximal fluorescence enhancement. Silica shells between 5 and 50 nm were used. Different strategies were considered for the grafting of the fluorophores on the surface of indium-silica nanoparticles. Incorporation of the fluorophore into a silica layer was chosen as it allows for covalent bonding between the fluorophore and the silica layer. Two different fluorophores were used. The first one is Carbostyril 124, acting as a model fluorophore, and the second one is tryptophan as it is the most fluorescent amino acid. Enhancement factors of up to 3 and 7 were obtained for Carbostyril 124 and tryptophan, respectively. Others preliminary tests have been made on tyrosine and phenylalanine, the two other fluorescent amino acids, and on DNA.
Loumaigne, Matthieu. "Spectroscopie de nanosondes hybrides à coeur métallique". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841260.
Testo completoGaceur, Meriem. "Nanosondes bimodales pour l'imagerie médicale par résonance magnétique et par fluorescence optique : synthèse, caractérisation et évaluation de leur toxicité in vitro". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077020.
Testo completoSemi-conductive nanomaterials have become of great interest lately in biotechnology area especially in medical imaging. Typically, magnetically diluted luminescent nanoparticles offer a real profit as potentially being bimodal probes in magnetic resonance imaging (RMI) and optical fluorescence imaging (OFI). The present work, firstly deals with the optimization through a polyol process of the synthesis of paramagnetic and fluorescent Zn!. XMnxS (x < 0,4) nanoparticles, secondly their functionalization with mercapto-acetic acid and eventually the preparation of their aqueous based colloids. The magnetic characterization and MRI measurements performed on post functionalized nanoparticles respectively before and after their dispersion as stable colloids both confirm the paramagnetic behavior of Zni_xMnxS (x < 0,4) nanomaterials. Indeed, regarding MRI, longitudinal relaxivity r₁ at room temperature and at 3. 0 T is of 20 and 74 mM⁻¹. S⁻¹ for a Mn²+ amount of respectively 10 and 30 %. Moreover, these colloids emit in the visible light range (blue) when excited at 405 nm. The use of these probes in any possible medical application is not conceivable unless their cyto- and genotoxicities are evaluated. Therefore, a serious study was carried out on chinese hamster ovarian cells (CHO) and evidenced the absence of any cyto- or genotoxic effects on these latter in the range of the nanoparticle studied concentrations (1-100 Hg/mL). These results make us seriously consider the ZnMnS hybrids as potential bimodal probes for dual MRI and OFI imaging
Coustets, Mathilde. "La lectine de Xerocomellus Chrysenteron, un nano-objet théranostique pour l’imagerie et le traitement des cancers épithéliaux : preuve de concept appliquée aux carcinoses péritonéales d’origine ovarienne". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30102.
Testo completoThe development of targeted therapy and imaging tools is a major challenge in human health, particularly in cancer pathologies. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is usually caused by scattering of cancer cells within the abdominal cavity, which is the case for 85% of ovarian cancer patients and more than 10% of colorectal cancer patients. In both cases treatments include a cytoreductive surgery, as complete as possible, and chemotherapies. Patients overall survival improvement can be reach with the development of parallel technologies such as new diagnostic tools to detect early implantations in the peritoneal cavity, agents to block the spreading of cancer cells detached during the surgical procedure, or combining chemotherapies and intraperitoneal targeted drug delivery.This project involves reaching all those aspects by using a unique multifunctional nanocontainer protein. The aim is to maximize this protein, which belongs to the lectin family, to consider its development as a theranostic tool as part of epithelial cancers diagnostic and treatment. Xerocomellus chrysenteron lectin, originally extracted from an edible higher mushroom, has a strong affinity for a carcinoma glycan biomarker, the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF antigen). Furthermore, a large hydrated inner cavity located in the middle of the tetrameric assembly of the protein led us to consider the containment and specific addressing of therapeutic molecules to epithelial cancerous cells expressing TF antigen. We first established the proof of concept for the targeted drug delivery of therapeutic molecules in several human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines (OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, IGROV-1). The labelling of the lectin in near infrared allowed us to confirm the mechanism implicated in the delivery and prove that the uptake of the molecule within the cells was due to its containment in the nanocontainer. The labelled protein was also used also to validate it as a nanoprobe for the detection of submillimeter nodules in the peritoneal cavity. This detection was made by in vivo fluorescence imaging in preclinical models of ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis developed beforehand using established cell lines. The combination of these two properties of the protein (probe and container) permits to consider its use in intraperitoneal nanotheranostic. To confirm this promising development, it will be necessary to establish the proof of concept for theranostic aspects in mice models closer to clinic situations developed from patients’ tumors (patient derived xenografts, PDX)