Tesi sul tema "Myocardial revascularization"
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Khoury, Vincent K. "Beyond revascularisation and recovery of regional ventricular function : implications of myocardial viability for medical treatment and remodelling /". [St. Luica, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16861.pdf.
Testo completoBenhameid, Osama Saleh. "Myocardial revascularization using Omentum graft "Old wine in a new bottle"". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81267.
Testo completoResults. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure was reduced in the group treated with revascularized Omental graft compared to vehicle group. Ejection fraction was also improved in revascularized group then infarcted group. Measurements of the myocardial infarction area showed more reduction in the MI area of the revascularized group than in the vehicle group, however this difference did not reach statistical significances. In comparison between free and pedicle Omental grafts, the free Omentum was shown to be superior over the pedicle in terms of cardiac function EF% (41.3 +/- 0.75 Vs. 35.6 +/- 0.75, P = 0.01), and infarction size (36.2 +/- 6.6 Vs. 39.5 +/- 13, P = NS). All different Omental grafts showed the ability to form a neovascularization between the ischemic myocardium and the surrounding structures.
Jones, Tina. "Interventional cardiology: a portfolio of research pertaining to femoral sheath removal practices and patient education". Title page, table of contents and portfolio structure and overview only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DNS/09dnsj798.pdf.
Testo completoSTEFANINI, GIULIO GIUSEPPE. "Myocardial revascularization with drug-eluting coronary artery stents: the clinical impact of technological progress". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/211062.
Testo completoRubilis, Aigars. "T-vector and T-loop morphology analysis of ventricular repolarization in ischemic heart diseases /". Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-443-3/.
Testo completoStenestrand, Ulf. "Improving outcome in acute myocardial infarction : the creation and utilisation of the Register of Information and Knowledge about Swedish Heart Intensive Care Admissions (RIKS-HIA) /". Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med740s.pdf.
Testo completoLindholm, Daniel. "Platelet Inhibition, Revascularization, and Risk Prediction in Non-ST-elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kardiologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265083.
Testo completoBaptista, Vanessa Cristina 1982. "Correlação do teste de caminhada de seis minutos e EuroSCORE com a qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311524.
Testo completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T17:01:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Baptista_VanessaCristina_M.pdf: 1454154 bytes, checksum: dc039f58961bfe31946dfa04724885d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Introdução: A qualidade de vida após a revascularização do miocárdio não é frequentemente avaliada. Formas de estimar a qualidade de vida após a operação são úteis para prognóstico e discussão com o paciente sobre as opções disponíveis de tratamento. Objetivo: Avaliar a utilidade do teste de caminhada de seis minutos e do EuroSCORE como indicadores prognóstico de qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdico. Material e Método: Estudo prospectivo observacional em pacientes submetidos à operação de revascularização do miocárdio. Foram avaliados as características clínicas, o índice EuroSCORE, teste de caminha de seis minutos e questionário para avaliação de qualidade de vida o questionário SF-36. No período pré-operatório os pacientes foram avaliados e divididos em dois grupos conforme a distância percorrida no teste de caminhada: grupo A (caminhou mais de 350 metros) e grupo B (caminhou menos de 350 metros). Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 87 pacientes, com idade média semelhante no grupo A comparado ao B (59 ± 9,5 anos vs. 61 ± 9,3 anos; P= 0,24) o mesmo foi observado para o EuroSCORE (2 ± 1 % vs. 3 ± 3%; P= 019). Os pacientes do grupo A caminharam mais no teste de 6 minutos após dois meses de operação (436 ± 78 m vs. 348 ± 87m; P<0,01) quando comparado ao grupo B. Observamos que a qualidade de vida era inferior no grupo B em relação ao grupo A no período pré-operatório nos domínios: capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos, estado geral de saúde, vitalidade e aspectos sociais. A qualidade de vida melhorou após dois meses em ambos os grupos. Conclusões: O teste de caminhada de 6 minutos no pré-operatório tem correlação com a qualidade de vida após dois meses de operação de revascularização do miocárdio. O EuroSCORE não tem correlação com a qualidade de vida após dois meses de operação. A qualidade de vida melhorou de forma geral em todos pacientes, sendo maior a melhora da qualidade de vida naqueles que caminharam menos que 350 metros no pré-operatório
Abstract: Introduction: The quality of life after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is not often assessed in the literature. Tools for quality of life assessment are useful for analysis of long-term results, and it is effective for a conference with the clinical team and family's patient. Objective: Assess the quality of life in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization using the six-minute walk test and the EuroSCORE index. Material and Method: Prospective observational study with patients who undergoing CABG. The clinical variables, the EuroSCORE index, the six-minute walk test, and the SF-36 test were recorded. The patients were assessed at preoperative time and at 2 months of postoperative period. According their six-minute walk test results, the patients were divided into two groups: group A (walked more than 350 meters) and group B (walked less than 350 meters) at the preoperative time. Results: Eight-seven patients were included. Age and EuroSCORE index was comparable in both groups (59 ± 9.5 years vs. 61 ± 9.3 years; P = 0.24) and (2 ± 1%vs. 3. ± 3%; P = 019), respectively. The group A walked distance was higher than the group B after 2 months of operation (436 ± 78 m vs. 348 ± 87 m; P <0.01). The quality of life was lower in the group B compared to the group A at the preoperative period in the following domains: functional capabilities, limitations due to physical aspects, overall health feelings, vitality, and social aspects. Quality of life improved after two months in both groups. Conclusions: The six-minute walk test at the preoperative time is associated with the quality of life after two months of CABG. The EuroSCORE has not correlation with the quality of life after two months of operation. In overall, quality of life has improved in all patients. The improvement in the quality of life was greater in those patients who walked distances lower than 350 meters at the preoperative time
Mestrado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Mestre em Ciências
Barbosa, Ricardo Antonio Guimarães. "Avaliação farmacocinética e farmacodinâmica do propofol em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, com ou sem utilização de circulação extracorpórea". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-13102014-113751/.
Testo completoCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can alter predicted plasmatic concentration of drugs administered during anesthesia. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass under pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and plasmatic concentration of propofol in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) with or without CPB, comparing measured plasmatic concentration with predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion. Ten patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with CPB (CPB Group, n=10) and ten without CPB (off-pump Group, n=10) were compared in relaction to measured plasmatic concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion, pharmacokinetics (t1/2 ß, volume of distribution and total clearance), hypnosis degree (bispectral index) and hemodynamics parameters (mean arterial pressure and heart rate) during and after surgery. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance for repeated measures (*p<0,05). Measured plasmatic concentration was higher in off-pump group in the moments 120 min (3,32±1,76 in off-pump group and 2,48±1,12 in CPB group, p=0,005) and 240 min (3,24±2,71 in off-pump group and 2,23±2,48 in CPB group, p=0,0212) after the beginning of surgery. Measured plasmatic concentration was higher than predicted in two groups, with superior values in off-pump group (p=0,02). T1/2 ß was greater in off-pump group (3,67±1,15 in off-pump group and 1,82±0,5 in CPB group, p=0,0005) and total clearance was higher in CPB group (28,36±11,40 in CPB group and 18,29±7,67 in off-pump group, p=0,03). Hypnosis degree was greater in CPB group. Hemodynamics parameters did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, CPB causes alterations on pharmacokinetics and under propofol plasmatic concentration with higher hypnosis degree when compared with patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery without CPB (off-pump group)
Lima, Francisca ElisÃngela Teixeira. "Protocolo de consultas de enfermagem ao paciente apÃs revascularizaÃÃo do miocÃrdio: avaliaÃÃo da eficÃcia". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1053.
Testo completoO acompanhamento ao paciente submetido à cirurgia de revascularizaÃÃo do miocÃrdio (RM) deve ter uma abordagem holÃstica, realizado por uma equipe multiprofissional. Este estudo teve como objetivo geral avaliar um Protocolo de Consultas de Enfermagem (PCE) ao paciente apÃs RM, comparando com um grupo controle. E, como especÃficos: levantar caracterÃsticas dos pacientes em relaÃÃo a sexo, idade, escolaridade, renda familiar, estado civil, histÃria familiar de doenÃa arterial coronariana (DAC) e religiÃo; verificar prevalÃncia dos fatores de risco para DAC: hipertensÃo arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, obesidade, sedentarismo e tabagismo; identificar mudanÃas comportamentais dos pacientes, enfatizando hÃbitos alimentares, exercÃcio fÃsico, abstinÃncia de tabagismo e etilismo, e uso contÃnuo de medicamentos; averiguar impacto do PCE na reduÃÃo dos fatores de risco para DAC, considerando o controle: pressÃo arterial, glicemia, colesterol, Ãndice de massa corporal, circunferÃncia da cintura e relaÃÃo cintura/quadril; e verificar aspectos relacionados à ansiedade e depressÃo. Ensaio clÃnico randomizado, desenvolvido no ambulatÃrio de um hospital pÃblico, Fortaleza-CE. Compuseram a populaÃÃo 146 pacientes revascularizados no perÃodo de coleta de dados, constituindo a amostra 78 pacientes, 39 do grupo controle (GC) e 39 do grupo de intervenÃÃo (GI). A participaÃÃo nos grupos foi definida pelo dia de cirurgia. Pacientes do GC fizeram o seguimento ambulatorial convencional, com avaliaÃÃo pela pesquisadora no momento da alta e seis meses apÃs a cirurgia; e pacientes do GI foram submetidos ao PCE com atendimentos na alta hospitalar e apÃs um, dois, quatro e seis meses. Estudo aprovado pelo Comità de Ãtica e Pesquisa. Encontrou-se similaridade nos grupos para os indicadores: sexo masculino (62,8%); idade (mÃdia: 65 anos); baixa escolaridade; renda familiar atà um salÃrio mÃnimo (55,1%); antecedentes familiares com DAC (65,4%); catÃlicos (82,1%). O estado civil apresentou diferenÃa significativa. Contudo, os fatores de risco para DAC nÃo apresentaram diferenÃas significativas (p>0,05): hipertensÃo arterial (83,3%), nÃo-diabÃticos (53,8%), sem dislipidemia (53,8%), obesidade (67,9%), sedentarismo (57,7%) e nÃo-tabagistas (65,4%). Na avaliaÃÃo da eficÃcia do PCE, os testes evidenciaram que 92,3%-GI e 76,9%-GC melhoraram a qualidade da alimentaÃÃo. O GI teve uma maior adesÃo à pratica de exercÃcio fÃsico do que o GC (p<0,10). Todos os pacientes do GI abstiveram-se do cigarro e do etilismo, e 33,3% dos fumantes e 50,0% dos usuÃrios de bebidas alcoÃlicas do GC mantiveram esses hÃbitos, constatando diferenÃa significativa (p<0,05). Um percentual maior (94,9%) do GI usava os medicamentos adequadamente (p>0,05). Houve um impacto na reduÃÃo dos fatores de risco para DAC, apÃs seis meses da cirurgia, quanto aos indicadores (p<0,05): pressÃo arterial, taxa de glicemia, Ãndice de massa corporal, circunferÃncia da cintura e relaÃÃo cintura/quadril. Conforme constatado, o GI teve um percentual menor de pessoas com ansiedade e/ou depressÃo em relaÃÃo ao GC. Conclui-se que o seguimento pelo PCE foi eficaz para as mudanÃas comportamentais no estilo de vida dos pacientes revascularizados. Como observado, um maior nÃmero de pessoas do GI melhorou a qualidade da dieta, aderiu à prÃtica de exercÃcio fÃsico e parou de fumar e de ingerir bebidas alcoÃlicas. Tais mudanÃas comportamentais foram positivas para reduzir fatores de risco e, conseqÃentemente, minimizar complicaÃÃes cardiovasculares.
Barbosa, Ricardo Antonio Guimarães. "Avaliação da função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea". Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-14102014-113610/.
Testo completoCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can alter predicted plasmatic concentration of drugs administered during anesthesia. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass under pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and plasmatic concentration of propofol in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) with or without CPB, comparing measured plasmatic concentration with predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion. Ten patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with CPB (CPB Group, n=10) and ten without CPB (off-pump Group, n=10) were compared in relaction to measured plasmatic concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion, pharmacokinetics (t1/2 ß, volume of distribution and total clearance), hypnosis degree (bispectral index) and hemodynamics parameters (mean arterial pressure and heart rate) during and after surgery. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance for repeated measures (*p < 0,05). Measured plasmatic concentration was higher in off-pump group in the moments 120 min (3,32±1,76 in off-pump group and 2,48±1,12 in CPB group, p=0,005) and 240 min (3,24±2,71 in off-pump group and 2,23±2,48 in CPB group, p=0,0212) after the beginning of surgery. Measured plasmatic concentration was higher than predicted in two groups, with superior values in off-pump group (p=0,02). T1/2 ß was greater in off-pump group (3,67±1,15 in off-pump group and 1,82±0,5 in CPB group, p=0,0005) and total clearance was higher in CPB group (28,36±11,40 in CPB group and 18,29±7,67 in off-pump group, p=0,03). Hypnosis degree was greater in CPB group. Hemodynamics parameters did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, CPB causes alterations on pharmacokinetics and under propofol plasmatic concentration with higher hypnosis degree when compared with patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery without CPB (off-pump group)
Colósimo, Flávia Cortez. "Avaliação de uma coorte de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio: avaliação clínica dos hipertensos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-27082015-150737/.
Testo completoIntroduction: Hypertension is highly prevalent in people undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. However, in our field, little is known about its influence on postoperative results. Objectives: To evaluate the association of hypertension with morbidity and mortality outcomes after the coronary artery bypass graft surgery and identify predictors of mortality in hypertensive patients. Method: A cohort study which used the institutional database of a hospital in the city of São Paulo (state of São Paulo) and included 3010 patients undergoing CABG surgery, with monitoring of outcomes at 30 days and one year after surgery. The groups of hypertensive and nonhypertensive patients were compared regarding the preoperative characteristics and the postoperative morbidity and mortality. The groups of controlled hypertensive and uncontrolled hypertensive patients were compared in relation to preoperative characteristics and the occurrence of postoperative morbidity and mortality. A multivariate analysis with logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of mortality in the hypertensive group. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 82.8%. The average age of hypertensive patients was 62.4 years and 67.8% were male. The factors independently associated with hypertension were the following (OR- odds ratio; CIconfidence interval 95%): age (1.01; 1.00-1.02); female gender (1.77; 1.39-2.25), multiracial (pardo) (1.53; 1.07-2.19), obesity (1.53; 1.13- 2.06), diabetes (1.90; 1.52-2.39), dyslipidemia (1.51; 1.23-1.85) and creatinine>1.3mg/dL (1.37; 1.09-1.72). There was no statistically significant difference in the outcomes of morbidity and mortality among hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups. About half of the hypertensive patients (51.1%) had controlled blood pressure (Pa<140/90 mmHg) at hospital admission. The group of uncontrolled hypertensive patients showed significantly higher risk than the group of controlled hypertensive of the following (RR-Relative Risk; CI 95%): cerebrovascular accident (2.25; 1.13-4.56), heart failure (1.65; 1.04- 2.63), cardiac arrest (1.54; 1.03-2.31) and death (1.59; 1.20-2.10). Using multiple logistic regression, the variables associated with death of hypertensive patients within 30 days after surgery were the following (OR; CI 95%): age, continuous variable (1.039; 1.012-1.066), serum creatinine, continuous variable (1.245; 1.062-1.459); family history of coronary artery disease (0.491; 0.265-0.912), dyslipidemia (0.512; 0.316-0.829), isolated revascularization procedure (0.289; 0.176- 0.476) and body mass index, continuous variable, (0.944; 0.892- 0.999). The following variables were associated to the death of hypertensive patients in up toan year after surgery (OR; CI 95%): age, continuous variable (1.049; 1.028-1.071), uncontrolled blood pressure (1.768; 1.245-2.508), history of chronic kidney disease (2.554; 1.481- 4404), stroke (2.48; 1.403-4.203), peripheral artery disease (1.894; 1.087-3.300), carotid artery disease (3.050; 1.367-6.806), cardiac failure (4.623; 2.455-8.703), arrhythmia (1,811; 1,038-3,159), preoperative serum creatinine, continuous variable (1.201; 1.017- 1.418), postoperative blood glucose, continuous variable (1.007; 1.002-1.012), family history of coronary disease (0.613; 0.401-0.939), dyslipidemia (0.658; 0.463-0.936) and isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (0.306; 0.203-0.461). Conclusions: Hypertension showed high prevalence and was associated to modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. Among hypertensive patients, the lack of blood pressure control was predictive of mortality in the long-term evaluation after surgery.
Amorim, Frederico Alexandre Pereira de. "Complicações pós-cirúrgicas na revascularização miocárdica: visão do enfermeiro". Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3993.
Testo completoUma das formas de tratamento da doença arterial coronária é a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Esta, é considerada causadora de angústias e medos para o paciente que se submete a este procedimento e à sua família, uma vez que por ser um procedimento de alta complexidade pode tanto preservar a vida como também extingui-la. Além disso, esta cirurgia envolve um órgão repleto de simbolismos, mexe com a representação do centro da vida, o coração. Após o sucesso do ato cirúrgico, o paciente ainda lida com sinais psicológicos, sociais e físicos da cirurgia, distinguindo-o dos outros seres humanos. O seguinte estudo de revisão sistemática de literatura tem como objectivos conhecer as complicações pós-cirúrgicas em doentes submetidos a revascularização miocárdica assim como a importância que detêm os enfermeiros no acompanhamento perioperatório. Desta forma, procedeu-se à análise crítica extensiva de artigos científicos internacionais publicados em bases de dados de reconhecimento mundial entre 2000 e 2012. Como conclusões finais deste estudo, destaca-se a complexidade existente nos cuidados prestados ao doente revascularizado, muitas vezes centrado em modelos que visam apenas o tratamento dos sintomas físicos, ao invés da abordagem holística e preventiva onde os enfermeiros podem e devem atuar de forma decisiva. O presente trabalho de investigação é elaborado no 4º ano do curso de Licenciatura em Enfermagem da Universidade Fernando Pessoa e tem como objetivo a obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Enfermagem.
One of the treatments for coronary heart disease is myocardial revascularization surgery. This surgery is believed to be a source of anxiety fear both for the patient and their family as it is a highly complex procedure that might preserve life but also end it. Moreover, this surgery involves an organ which is rich in symbolism as it represents the centre of life, the heart. After a successful surgical act a patient still deals with surgery-related psychological, social and physical signs which set them apart from other human beings. The following study of systematic literature review aims to find out about post-surgical complications in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization as well as the importance of nurses in perioperative care. Therefore one carried out extensive review of international scientific articles published in world-renowned databases between 2000 and 2012. As final conclusions of this study one should point out the complexity in the care regarding revascularized patients, which is often based on models which merely aim at the treatment of physical symptoms, instead of using a preventive and holistic approach where nurses can and should perform decisively. This research work has been carried out in the 4th year of the Degree Course in Nursing by Fernando Pessoa University within the context of obtaining the degree of Graduate in Nursing.
Li, Jun. "Pre-existing intimal hyperplasia and overexpression of TGF-ß1 in saphenous vein grafts before myocardial revascularization in humans: implications for aortocoronary saphenous vein graft disease". Ulm : Univ. Ulm , Med. Fak, 2001. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-8610.
Testo completoCapoun, Radek. "Shortening cardioplegic arrest time in patients undergoing combined valvular and coronary surgery : a multicentre randomized controlled trial (the SCAT trial)". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.681543.
Testo completoNerpin, Elisabet. "Screening av förstagradsanhöriga till yngrekranskärlssjuka patienter". Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Medicinsk vetenskap, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-3123.
Testo completoVila, Vanessa da Silva Carvalho. "O significado de qualidade de vida: perspectivas de indivíduos revascularizados e de seus familiares". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-17012007-170807/.
Testo completoThis ethnographic study aimed to describe the social reality experienced by patients during rehabilitation after myocardial revascularization, in order to understand the meanings of the disease experience and quality of life. The theoretical reference frameworks were interpretative anthropology and the Centre for Health Promotion?s conceptual model of quality of life. Study participants were eleven subjects, who were operated on at a philanthropic institution in Goiânia, Goiás, and ten relatives. Direct observations and semistructured interviews at participants? homes were used for data collection. Data analysis and interpretation revealed that the meanings participants attributed to the experience of the heart problem and the myocardial revascularization surgery are related to the surprise in knowing that they had a heart problem, to the fear of death, handing over their life to God and conformation, as they could not survive without the surgery. Explanations for the disease were related psychosocial, behavioral and supernatural causes, as well as to the presence of other chronic health conditions. They mentioned that, in spite of the consequences (difficult return to work, need to adopt a new lifestyle, dependence on relatives, need to take medication), the surgery opened up the possibility of surviving and relieving symptoms. According to the participants, quality of life means being healthy, having a job and a harmonious family. These were considered important dimensions for a ?tranquil and happy? life. With respect to the conceptual model of quality of life, we found that the dimension of ?being? was related to being healthy from a physical (eating well, sleeping, not feeling pain), psychological (peace) and spiritual perspective (believing in God). In the ?belonging? dimension, participants mentioned work related to care for the family and, mainly, work involving social development, independence, leisure and physical well-being. The dimension of ?becoming? involved family harmony as an important aspect for growth, in the sense of adaptations to the changes that occurred as a result of the surgery (unemployment, disability, dependence). In general, despite mentioning that they are not satisfied with all of these dimensions, people affirm that they are happy, as they consider that they cannot ?complain of what they have in spite of everything. The meaning of quality of life is constructed on the basis of the interrelation between these dimensions, resulting in the theme: Quality of life ? being happy as possible. We conclude that the understanding of the health and disease process is permeated by subjectivity and constitutes the main challenge in seeking solutions and implementing health actions aimed at promoting health and improving people?s quality of life. The contribution of understanding the disease experience and the meaning of quality of life is that is allows researchers, professionals who take care of human beings with or without disabilities or a chronic health condition to rethink their practice and, then, look for more comprehensive health care models in which alterity, humanism and individuality are valued and drive their actions
Rodrigues, Gilmara Ribeiro Santos. "Ajustamento social de pessoas submetidas à revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio: um estudo das representações sociais". Programa de Pós- Graduação em Enfermagem da UFBA, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/9577.
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A Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) permite o estudo dos fenômenos de grupos sociais, por meio da descoberta do modo como os indivíduos e grupos estabelecem um mundo estável, a partir da diversidade de atitudes individuais e de fenômenos que contribuem para a construção de um determinado conhecimento prático compartilhado por um grupo de pertença. Esta pesquisa tem o seguinte objetivo: analisar as representações sociais sobre o ajustamento social elaboradas pelos indivíduos submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, objetivando analisar as representações sobre ajustamento social elaboradas pelos indivíduos submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio. O campo de pesquisa foi um ambulatório de isquemia de um hospital de grande porte, de administração mista, referência em cirurgia cardíaca, da cidade de Salvador - Bahia. Os dados foram coletados através de um instrumento misto de entrevista. Para a análise dos resultados da associação livre de palavras e das entrevistas foram utilizados, respectivamente, o programa informático EVOC e a análise temática de conteúdo, que a partir da freqüência de unidades temáticas permitiram a análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Os resultados evidenciaram que a estrutura da representação do ajustamento social dos entrevistados tem como elemento central a Saúde, associada à necessidade de mudança de vida para o retorno ao cotidiano e as dores da recuperação póscirúrgica. Os elementos periféricos referem-se à gratidão a Deus para superação dos momentos difíceis do ajustamento social, que embora possam dar sustentação ao núcleo central, expectativa de uma vida saudável, estão associados a aspectos negativos, como a impotência, a tristeza e a necessidade de repouso. As representações sociais referentes às funções de saber e orientação para o ajustamento social estão relacionadas à compreensão e explicação da diversidade de concepções sobre esse ajustamento, decorrentes dos requisitos pessoais necessários e do conhecimento adquirido, destacados em cinco categorias e dezesseis subcategorias. Os resultados assinalam indicadores essenciais para avaliar o processo de ajustamento, implementar uma assistência considerando a individualidade de cada pessoa e a necessidade de mudança de hábitos de vida, no sentido de promover o ajustamento social e a saúde dessas pessoas e de seus familiares para melhoria de sua qualidade de vida. Poderão também influenciar na reflexão dos profissionais de saúde sobre as próprias concepções do ajustamento social.
Salvador
Trevisan, Sandra Regina Cortelini. "MODELO GERENCIAL POR PROCESSO NO ATENDIMENTO FISIOTERAPÊUTICO EM CIRURGIA DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO DO MIOCÁRDIO". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8007.
Testo completoGerenciamento por processo propõe uma seqüência organizada de atividades e o seu desdobramento nas etapas e tarefas correspondentes, proporcionando, aos integrantes do serviço, a padronização das rotinas, bem como estabelecimento de itens de avaliação e controle, além de oportunidades de melhorias. Nesse contexto, este estudo caracterizou-se por ser uma pesquisa que sistematiza a utilização de elementos da metodologia de gerenciamento por processo, para a criação de um modelo gerencial por processo no atendimento fisioterapêutico em cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, fundamentada na metodologia DOMP Documentação, Organização e Melhoria de Processos. Os resultados apresentados foram a construção dos eventOgramas (atividades geradoras e atividades receptoras), do infOgrama (armazenamento das informações), do funcionOgrama (estrutura organizacional que suporta o processo), propostas de simulação do processo e sugeridas formas de implantação. Dentro deste quadro, foi realizada avaliação do processo, através de testes clínicos do uso do inspirômetro de incentivo, em detrimento das técnicas convencionais de fisioterapia, para promoção do restabelecimento da função pulmonar. Os quais revelaram que ambas modalidades de tratamento são consideradas eficientes e nenhuma superior a outra.
Alves, Fernanda Menezes de Siqueira Santana. "Ventilação não invasiva versus espirometria de incentivo na prevenção de complicações pulmonares no pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/413.
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Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is considered as one of the presentation forms of cardiovascular disease. Myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) is one of the possible interventions for its treatment; however, it is an invasive procedure with postoperative complications. Objectives: To identify the pulmonary complications after MRS with extracorporeal circulation, determining the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in comparison with incentive spirometry (IS) in the postoperative management and to update knowledge related to the respiratory and motor Physiotherapy in pre and post MRS. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 patients were randomized into two groups (G0 - IS and G1 - CPAP). The blood gas values, chest X-ray and respiratory muscle strength were assessed before the pre, first and third postoperative day according to the incidence of pulmonary complications presented. Results: The complications presented in both groups were hypoxemia, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumonia and lung congestion, proportionately distributed with no statistically significant correlation with the technique used in the postoperative period. The maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) was reduced in both groups in the pre and the first day after surgery, carrying on up to the third day after surgery only in the group 0. The maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) remained significantly reduced in both groups postoperatively when compared to predicted values. Conclusion: Respiratory physical therapy modalities used were effective in maintaining inspiratory muscle strength, however, no statistically significant difference in the proportion of expressed pulmonary complications between the groups, inferring non superiority of NIV technique compared to IS in the reversal of pulmonary complications post MRS. Further studies accomplished with stricter methodology, greater number of subjects studied and technical standardization are necessary. Moreover, to determine the appropriate method or protocol for restoring pulmonary and physical condition of these patients postoperatively.
Introdução: A doença arterial coronariana (DAC) é designada como uma das formas de apresentação da doença cardiovascular, e uma das intervenções possíveis para seu tratamento é a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM), porém, trata-se de um procedimento invasivo, acarretando complicações pós-operatórias. Objetivos: Identificar as complicações pulmonares pós CRM com circulação extracorpórea (CEC) determinando ,assim, a eficácia da ventilação não invasiva (VNI) em comparação à espirometria de incentivo (EI) no manejo pós-operatório e atualizar os conhecimentos relacionados à Fisioterapia respiratória e motora no pré e pósoperatório de CRM. Casuística: Foram incluídos 105 pacientes, randomizados em dois grupos (G0 – EI e G1 – CPAP). Os valores gasométricos, radiografia de tórax e força muscular respiratória foram avaliados no pré, primeiro e terceiro dia de pós-operatório quanto à incidência de complicações pulmonares apresentadas. Resultados: As complicações apresentadas em ambos os grupos foram hipoxemia, atelectasia, derrame pleural, pneumonia e congestão pulmonar, distribuídas proporcionalmente, sem correlação estatística significativa com a técnica utilizada no pós-operatório. A pressão inspiratória máxima (Pimáx.) apresentou-se reduzida em ambos os grupos no pré e primeiro dia de pós-operatório, perpetuando pelo terceiro dia de pós-operatório somente no grupo 0. A pressão expiratória máxima (Pemáx.) permaneceu significativamente reduzida em ambos os grupos no pós-operatório, quando comparada aos valores preditos. Conclusão: As modalidades de fisioterapia respiratória empregadas foram eficientes na manutenção da força muscular inspiratória, porém, sem diferença estatisticamente significativa na proporção de complicações pulmonares expressas entre os grupos, inferindo não superioridade da técnica de VNI em comparação à EI na reversão das complicações pulmonares pós CRM. São necessários novos estudos, idealizados com maior rigor metodológico, maior número de indivíduos estudados e padronização técnica para determinação da modalidade ou protocolo apropriado para restabelecimento da condição pulmonar e física destes pacientes no pós-operatório.
Boni, Andréia Lima Matos Dal. "Impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9464.
Testo completoThe objective of this study is to determine the quality of life in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization; to analyze and compare it before and after the intervention; to compare clinic and sociodemographic variables to aspects of depression and anxiety disturbs at pre and post-operative periods. Seventy-eight patients were interviewed at pre and post-operative time, applying the instruments: The Medical Study 36- item Short- From Health Survey (SF-36), Macnew Heart Disease Health - related Quality of Life Questionnaire MacNew, Depression Inventory Beck e Stait Trait Anxiety inventory (Idate). There was a significant improvement in all aspects of the quality of life, depression and anxiety (p=0,05). The SF-36 physical and social aspects represents the lowest scores (13,46 and 3,03, respectively), as well as the social aspect of Macnew instrument (3,03). The social and global Macnew aspects were positively compared to patients with previous acute myocardial infarction, which demonstrates that the revascularization surgery impacted positively in the patients quality of life
Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o impacto da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RM) na qualidade de vida dos pacientes; analisar e comparar as dimensões da qualidade de vida antes e após a intervenção cirúrgica; comparar as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas aos aspectos de depressão e ansiedade no pré e pós-operatório revascularização do miocárdio. Foram entrevistados 78 pacientes no pré e pós-operatório, aplicados os instrumentos: The Medical Study 36- item Short- From Health Survey (SF-36), Macnew Heart Disease Health - related Quality of Life Questionnaire MacNew, Inventário Depressão Beck e Stait Trait Anxiety inventory (Idate). Houve melhora significativa em todos os domínios da qualidade de vida, depressão e ansiedade (p=0,05). Os domínios físico e social do SF-36 apresentaram menor pontuação dos escores (13,46 e 3,03, respectivamente), bem como o domínio social do instrumento Macnew (3,03). Os domínios social e global do MacNew compararam positivamente com pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio prévio, o que demonstra que a cirurgia de revascularização ocasionou impacto positivo na qualidade de vida desses pacientes
Moraes, Renata Freire de. "Contribuições da cintilografia de perfusão e função miocárdica com duplo isótopo na vigência de baixa dose de dobutamina: avaliação da integridade celular e reserva contrátil na identificação do miocárdio viável". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5151/tde-20022009-135101/.
Testo completoIn patients with coronariopathy in the setting of ventricular dysfunction having an unpromising prognostic, the myocardial viability must be assessed thus, bringing contribution as it can predict the myocardial dysfunction recovery after revascularization. The myocardial segments with contractile dysfunction as a consequence of hypoperfusion can improve wall motion after perfusion recovery, demonstrating that myocardial revascularization, whenever suggested, can improve survival to this group of patients. This research is a PHD thesis from Radiology Department of São Paulo University and was performed at a nuclear medicine unit - Nuclear Medcenter/SOCOR hospital - in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The aim of the study was to check if dual isotope perfusion myocardial gated SPECT (99mTc-sestamibi/thallium-201) as a nuclear medicine procedure to the identification of viable myocardium, can improve the method specificity with addition of contractile reserve information obtained simultaneously by gated SPECT with low dose of dobutamine, similar to the echocardiogram. 54 patients with myocardial stroke, referred to the nuclear medicine unit to seek myocardial viability have been studied. Patients that do not have been submitted to revascularization or that did not undergo the post surgery control were excluded, as the parameter considered for viability was the wall motion recovery after revascularization. 260 myocardial segments in 13 patients had their viability parameters (cellular integrity and contractile reserve) as the contractile performance after surgery evaluated. The images were acquired by a Varicam (Elscint) double head gamma camera and processed by eNTEGRA (GE) workstation. The gated SPECT stress images were performed in baseline conditions and with low-dose dobutamine (10 a 15g/Kg/min) 45 minutes after intravenous injection of 99mTc-sestamibi.on the peak of isotonic exercise or pharmacologic stress. The rest and redistribution images were acquired , 20 minutes and 4 or 6 hours after intravenous injection of thallium-201 at rest. The revascularizated patients were also submitted to a second gated SPECT study at least 3 months after surgery for evaluation of the contractile performance. In order to analyze the scintigraphic findings, the heart was divided into 20 segments that received different scores for quantification of myocardial perfusion and function by Cedars Sinai Quantitative Perfusion SPECT QPS/QGS(GE),. The perfusion pattern of stress, rest and redistribution and the parameters of function (wall thickening and motion, ejection fraction and cardiac volumes analysis) at baseline conditions and by inotropic effect. By the statistics analysis wall thickening was considered significant to evaluate the myocardial contractile reserve by this method. There was improvement in the specificity of the radioisotopic research showing specificity values larger than those found in literature. These method contributions were effective
Oliveira, Marco Antonio Praça de. "Revascularização miocárdica híbrida versus cirúrgica em pacientes com doença aterosclerótica coronária multiarterial: estudo clínico prospectivo randomizado". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-08052018-122435/.
Testo completoBackground: The best treatment for coronary artery disease in patients with multivessel disease is still subject of debate. The hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) is a procedure that combines both the advantages of conventional coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) with the revascularization of the left anterior descending artery using the left internal mammary artery graft, without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, with minimally invasive benefits of percutaneous treatment of remaining affect arteries. Objective: To assess, in a pilot study, feasibility and safety of hybrid coronary revascularization on patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and to compare early results (within 30 days) and one year of this approach to conventional surgery. Methods: Prospective clinical study, which included 50 patients, randomized in a 2:1 ratio for hybrid treatment (HCR group, n=34) or conventional CABG (CABG group, n=16). All patients had three-vessel disease, with an intermediate or high Syntax Score ( > 22). The primary endpoint of the study was the feasibility of HCR in the absence of major adverse events (a compound of overall mortality, acute myocardial infarction, stroke or unplanned revascularization). Results: Between August 2014 and November 2017, 50 patients were included in the study (HCR=34 and CABG =16). The primary endpoint was observed in 3 patients (6.0%), all belonging to HCR group (8.8%), however, without statistical significance (p=0.54). There was no statistical difference between the groups (HCR vs. CABG, respectively) in terms of mortality (5.9% vs 0%), myocardial infarction (5.9% vs 0%), or any of the secondary outcomes evaluated. Patients who presented any of the complications (4 patients 8.0%) had a tendency to be older (62 vs 59 years; p=NS), have more unstable angina (5.9% vs 0%) and to presented higher risk scores (EuroSCORE 1.40 vs 0.70; p=0.19) than patients without complications. Conclusions: HCR is a feasible and safe technique when compared to conventional surgery, with similar complications rates. However, the study is underpowered due to the low number of patients included and there is a need for a multicenter clinical trial
Tomé, Carlos Eduardo Mendonça. "Preditores de melhora da contratilidade ventricular em pacientes com fração de ejeção < 50% submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/98/98131/tde-18092018-093917/.
Testo completoIntroduction: In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and left ventricular dysfunction, the surgical mortality from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is 3 to 4 times higher than that reported for patients with normal ventricular function, and selecting those who can effectively benefit from the surgery is essential. Meta-analyses have indicate that myocardial viability assessment is useful in this selection, impacting on left ventricular contractility improvement and mortality reduction when revascularization is performed in patients with viable left ventricles; However, randomized clinical trials have not found the same results. Although 50% of these patients have substantial myocardial viability, not all of them can improve left ventricular contractility after revascularization, due to other factors that interfere with this improvement. Objectives: This study aims to determine the predictors of improvement in left ventricular contractility in patients with an ejection fraction of <50% who underwent isolated CABG, as well as the time required for this improvement in contractility. Methods: This prospective observational study assessed patients with CAD and left ventricular dysfunction who underwent electrocardiography and echocardiography during the preoperative period and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after CABG and cardiac magnetic resonance with pharmacological stress with dipyridamole and late gadolinium enhancement in the preoperative period and 3 and 12 months after revascularization, to determine the associations between the evolution of left ventricular contractility and several patient-related variables. Results: A total of 306 myocardial segments of the 18 patients, aged 59.5 ± 7.4 years, were studied. There was a contractile improvement in 47 (29%) segments of the left ventricle that presented preoperative contractile abnormalities (p < 0.0001). The multivariate analysis identified three predictors of left ventricular contractility improvement: the absence of pathological Q waves, which increases the chance of improvement by 172% (odds ratio (OR) 2.72, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24-5.92, p = 0.012), the presence of myocardial viability, which increases the chance of improvement by 282% (OR 3.82, 95% CI, 1.79-8.16, p = 0.0005), and the absence of myocardial ischemia, which increases the chances of improvement by 392%, (OR 4.92, 95% CI, 2.13-11.36, p = 0.0002). In 9 (75%) patients the improvement in ventricular contractility occurred in the first 3 months after CABG, and in 3 (25%) patients, it occurred in the following 9 months. Conclusions: The three predictors of left ventricular contractility improvement were the absence of pathological Q waves on an electrocardiogram, the presence of myocardial viability and the absence of signs of ischemia on cardiac MRI. The improvement in left ventricular contractility occurred predominantly in the first three months after CABG, but a progressive recovery was observed until the end of the 12-month follow-up period.
Nogueira, Célia Regina Simões da Rocha. "Avaliação comparativa da qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica com e sem circulação extracorpórea no período de 12 meses". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-28012009-133257/.
Testo completoIntroduction: The therapeutic and technological advances in cardiology have enabled the survival of people affected by coronary artery disease. Techniques for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has enabled surgical results, with less systemic damage, lower incidence of clinical complications, a shorter stay in the intensive care room and also in length of stay, generating expectations of better quality of life (QoL) of patients. Objective: To evaluate and compare the self-perceived quality of life in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease with stable angina and preserved ventricular function randomized for CABG with or without cardiopulmonary bypass during the twelve months period. Methods: The generic questionnaire of QoL Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and demographic profile questionnaire were applied on 202 patients randomized for one of the two surgical techniques options at baseline, 6 and 12 months follow-up. Results: Between January 2002 and December 2006, 105 and 97 patients were submitted to surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass or with cardiopulmonary bypass, respectively. The demographic, clinical, laboratory and angiographic characteristics were similar in both groups. The assessment of quality of life showed similarity in both groups regarding to physical and mental components, showing improvement in all 8 subscales domain of the SF-36 across the follow-up. Additionally, analyzing the frequency of improvement in each dimension at 12 months, stratified by the type of technical surgery, we found the off-pump surgery was an independent marker of improvement in overall health status. Patients underwent surgery without CPB had two-fold increase risk of improvement in health status. In addition, no interaction was found between surgical technique and gender. Regarding to return to work after surgery, higher number of patients on offpump group was observed compared to on-pump group. Conclusion: Regardless of surgical technique used, comparable improved perception of quality of life in all dimensions was observed after six months follow-up lasting until the end of the study.
Leal, João Carlos Ferreira. "Troponina I cardiaca como marcador de risco para fibrilação atrial no pos-operatorio imediato de pacientes submetidos a revascularização miocardica". [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308835.
Testo completoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: avaliar se há ou não associação na ocorrência de fibrilação atrial (FA) e os níveis séricos de troponina I cardíaca no pós-operatório imediato da revascularização do miocárdio (RM). Casuística e Método: estudo retrospectivo incluindo 95 pacientes submetidos à revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio, entre dezembro de 1996 a março de 1998. Os pacientes foram divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo I constituído de 25 pacientes (26,31%) com fibrilação atrial (FA); Grupo II constituído de 70 pacientes (73,69%) sem FA. As variáveis avaliadas foram: tempos de circulação extracorpórea (CEC), pinçamento aórtico e isquemia, fração de ejeção e o diâmetro do átrio esquerdo. O ritmo cardíaco foi avaliado por monitorização contínua por exames eletrocardiográficos durante o período de internação. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à dosagens dos níveis séricos de troponina-I cardíaca no pré e pós-operatório imediato da RM pelo método de quimioluminiscência, admitindo-se como normais valores abaixo de 0,1 ng/ml. Resultados: Os grupos I e II não apresentaram diferenças significantes quanto à fração de ejeção, diâmetro do átrio esquerdo, tempos de pinçamento da aorta e de isquemia. O tempo de CEC mostrou diferença significante entre os grupos. A análise pareada dos valores séricos da troponina I cardíaca dos pacientes dos grupos I e II no pré-operatório não mostrou diferença significante, com valor de P=0,9689. No pós-operatório, houve diferença significante entre os grupos, sendo que o grupo I mostrou maior aumento em relação ao II com P=0,0018. O valor de corte de troponina I cardíaca que melhor se associou com ocorrência de FA foi = 0,936 µg/ L. Conclusão: A ocorrência da FA está associada com os níveis séricos de troponina I cardíaca no pós-operatório imediato da RM quando considerado o valor de corte = 0,936 µg/L, sugerindo que a troponina I cardíaca é um marcador para FA e alertando para a necessidade de medidas diagnósticas ou terapêuticas preventivas
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate if there is any association among atrial fibrillation (AF) events and serum cardiac Troponin I levels in the immediate postoperative period of myocardium revascularization (MR). Patients and method: A retrospective study was made of 95 patients who underwent myocardial revascularization surgery between December 1996 and March 1998. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I comprised 25 patients (26.31%) who presented with atrial fibrillation (AF) and Group II 70 patients (73.69%) without AF. The variables evaluated were: time of extracorporeal circulation (ECC), aortic clamping and ischemia, ejection fraction and the diameter of the left atrium. The heart rhythm was evaluated by continuous monitoring by electrocardiography during hospitalization. The serum cardiac Troponin I levels were measured for all patients in the pre- and immediate postoperative periods of MR by chemoluminescence; normal values were consider to be below 0.1 ng/mL. Results: There were no significant differences between groups in respect to the ejection fraction, diameter of the left atrium and duration of aortic clamping and ischemia. The ECC time gave a significant difference between the groups. A comparison of the serum cardiac Troponin I levels of the patients in both groups in the preoperative period did not prove to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.9689). In the postoperative period however, there was a significant difference; Group I presented with a greater increase when compared to Group II (P-value = 0.0018). Levels of cardiac Troponin I =0.936 µg/L were associated with a risk of AF. Conclusion: AF events are associated with serum cardiac Troponin I levels =0.936 µg/L in the immediate postoperative period of MR. This suggests that cardiac Troponin I is a marker for AF, highlighting the necessity of diagnostic investigations and preventive therapeutic procedures
Doutorado
Cirurgia
Doutor em Cirurgia
Monte, Guilherme Urpia. "Detecção de infarto do miocárdio perioperatório pela ressonância magnética em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-21062007-085920/.
Testo completoINTRODUCTION: Despite advances in surgical technique and intensive care, perioperative myocardial infarction (POMI) remains a complication of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) with a challenging diagnosis. In this condition, clinical parameters usually utilized in the detection of POMI have limitations, since they can be affected by surgical trauma. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), on the other hand, provides highly accurate detection of myocardial necrosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate POMI findings on CMRI and compare them to clinical diagnosis (CD) and technetium-99m pyrophosphate myocardial scintigrams (SPECT), as well as investigate the impact of POMI areas detected by CMRI on left ventricular systolic function. METHODS: Between August 2003 and March 2006, 24 adult patients with stable coronary artery disease, referred for CABG surgery, were studied. CMRI with cine and delayed-enhancement techniques was performed, before and after surgery, in order to evaluate the occurence of new areas of myocardial necrosis (POMI) and/or left ventricular systolic disfunction. Additional procedures included: serial electrocardiograms (ECG), to assess the appearance of new pathologic Q waves after surgery; serial measurements of biochemical markers of myocardial injury (CKMB and troponin I), to determine their peak serum levels after surgery; and SPECT, before and after surgery, in order to analyse the occurence of new areas of radionuclide increased uptake. CD was based on ECG findings, left ventricle regional contraction results and serum levels of biochemical markers. Patients were followed for, at least, 6 months after surgery, and a third CMRI scan was then repeated, in order to reassess ventricular function. RESULTS: CMRI revealed POMI in significantly more patients than CD (8 [33%] x 1 [4%], p=0.016). In most cases, areas of myocardial necrosis detected by CMRI were small (mean mass of 5.7±10.2g) and had focal distribution. Notwithstanding, patients who presented with POMI on CMRI had a significant decrease in postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (from 50±18 to 43±18%, p=0.044), which persisted after 6 months, and a more than ten-fold increase in serum levels of biochemical markers after CABG. There was a moderate correlation between POMI mass measured by CMRI and peak serum levels of biochemical markers (CKMB: r=0.705, p<0.001; troponin I: r=0.625, p=0.003). Also, there was a moderate diagnostic agreement between CMRI and SPECT for the detection of perioperative myocardial necrosis (Kappa=0.46). Patient clinical and surgical characteristics were similar between groups, except for plasma lipid profile and mean statin (simvastatin) dosage before surgery (which was significantly lower in the group with POMI on CMRI). CONCLUSIONS: CMRI was found to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of POMI, which was underestimated by CD. Detection of perioperative myocardial necrosis by CMRI was associated with a significant decrease in left ventricular systolic function and high serum levels of biochemical markers of myocardial injury.
Abreu, José Sebastião de. "Estudo comparativo do fluxo da artéria torácica interna utilizada \"in situ\" na revascularização miocárdica, com e sem a ligadura dos ramos proximais, utilizando a ecocardiografia Doppler". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-11082015-153600/.
Testo completoBackground: The internal thoracic artery (ITA) \"in situ\" has systolic flow predominance, but when grafted to the left coronary artery system, the ITA becomes a hybrid system with diastolic flow predominance. The relevance of the patency or not-patency of the large proximal branches of the ITA graft is controversial in regards to the possibility of flow steal. During dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE), the functional status of the ITA graft can be assessed by the coronary reserve in addition to assessment of the distinct effects of DSE on systolic (SF), diastolic (DF), and total flow (TF = systolic + diastolic). Objective: To assess, by Doppler echocardiography, the effects of the significant proximal branches of ITA graft in the flow, coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) and coronary flow reserve (CFR), in patients with preserved (> 50%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods: In a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial we evaluate patients with (Group I) and without (Group II) ligation of important proximal branches of the ITA grafted to the anterior descending coronary artery. Supraclavicular assessment of the ITAs and transthoracic echocardiograms were performed, at rest and during DSE, on pre-operative, early and six months post-operative. In all patients, the submaximal heart rate [(220 - age) x (0.85)] was achieved during DSE with no ischemia to the area matching the ITA graft. The SF, DF, TF and percentage of DF were measured in the four moments of this study. The percentage of DF was calculated by the ratio of the integral of the diastolic flow velocity by the integral of the total flow velocity (systolic + diastolic). The coronary reserve was assessed at six months post-operative, and it was calculated by the ratio of the variable during DSE and at rest, using the maximum and the mean of the diastolic flow velocity to calculate the CFVR; and the TF to calculate the CFR. Student\'s t-tests or Wilcoxon\'s rank sum test (Mann-Whitney) were used to examine differences between the groups in normally distributed or not-normally-distributed continuous variables, respectively. Fisher exact test was used to examine the difference in proportions. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Group I (25 patients) and Group II (28 patients) were not different regarding to clinical and echocardiographic characteristics, with preservation of the LVEF in all cases. The DF was not different between the groups in the four moments of this study. However, during the DSE, the SF (19.5 ± 9.3 ml/min vs. 32.7 ± 19.4 ml/min, p < 0.05) and TF (79.1 ± 21.4 ml/min vs. 101 1 ± 47.4 ml/min; p < 0.05) were higher in Group II. On the other hand, during the DSE, the percentage of DF was higher in Group I (76.4 ± 12.7% vs. 68.9 ± 10%; p < 0.05), due to its lower systolic component. The percentage of DF < 50% occurred in all cases in the pre-operative, in five cases in the early post-operative and in ten cases, at rest, six months postoperatively. However, during the DSE, all cases showed the percentage of DF > 50%, furthermore five cases (four in Group I) had the percentage of DF of 100%. There was no difference between the groups in regards to CFR (1.9 ± 0.46 vs. 2.11 ± 0.56; p = 0.143), or CFVR calculated using the maximum (2.17 ± 0.64 vs. 2.28 ± 0.63; p = 0.537) and the mean (2.27 ± 0.54 vs. 2.50 ± 0.79; p = 0.232) of the diastolic velocity. Conclusion: The appropriate functional status of the ITA graft does not depend on the ligation or preservation of important proximal ITA branches. Thus, ligation of ITA branches does not determine increase in systolic, diastolic or total flow through the ITA graft, and its diastolic predominance is more evident under stress. The increase in the systolic and total flow indicates an adaptation of the flow through the ITA graft to supply both coronary and non-coronary systems, in those patients that don\'t have the branches ligated during surgery. These findings point towards the hypothesis that the flow steal by unligated branches is unlikely.
Silva, Leonardo Leiria de Moura da. "IMPACTO DO SISTEMA DE AUTOTRANSFUSÃO NO USO DE HEMOCOMPONENTES EM CIRURGIAS DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO DO MIOCÁRDIO". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5816.
Testo completoO uso de hemocomponentes é frequente em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas, devido a maior morbidade dessa população e da complexidade inerente ao procedimento em si. A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) corresponde à maioria dos procedimentos cirúrgicos cardiovasculares, sendo, em grande parte das vezes, associada à circulação extracorpórea (CEC). A utilização da CEC está relacionada com maior necessidade de uso de hemotransfusão em tais cirurgias, contudo, diferentes técnicas podem ser aplicadas com o intuito de reduzir essa necessidade. Já é bem estabelecido que a miniaturização do circuito da CEC (miniCEC) correlaciona-se com menor perda sanguínea transoperatória e menor uso de transfusões sanguíneas. O sistema de autotransfusão com hemoconcentração (SAH) permite o reaproveitamento de hemácias provenientes do sangramento transoperatório, através de um mecanismo de aspiração, filtração, lavagem e concentração, com posterior reinfusão ao próprio paciente. Tal sistema agrega segurança ao processo transfusional peri-operatório, diminuindo sobremaneira o uso de concentrado de hemácias (CH) homólogo em cirurgias cardiovasculares. O objetivo dessa dissertação foi demonstrar o impacto do SAH no uso de hemocomponentes em cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio com miniCEC. Foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal com 87 pacientes submetidos a CRM eletiva primária associada a miniCEC, sendo 44 sem uso do SAH e 43 pacientes com uso do SAH. Foi investigada a necessidade do uso e do volume de hemocomponentes nesta população, identificando também fatores de risco cardiovascular, variáveis pré-operatórias e parâmetros cirúrgicos transoperatórios através da coleta de dados em prontuários. Em relação a fatores de risco cardiovascular e variáveis pré e transoperatórias entre os dois grupos não houve diferença estatística significativa, ao nível de significância de 5%. Quando se avaliou o uso absoluto de CH no transoperatório, houve diferença estatística significativa (p=0,00008) entre os grupos sem-SAH (21/44 casos 47,7%) e com-SAH (4/43 casos 9,3%). Na análise dos volumes de CH utilizados no transoperatório, também houve diferença significativa (p=0,000117) entre os volumes utilizados nos grupos sem-SAH (198,65±258,65ml) e com-SAH (35,06±125,67ml). Já no pós-operatório imediato (até 24h) não houve diferença tanto no uso absoluto quanto nos volumes de CH entre os grupos que usaram ou não o SAH. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o reaproveitamento de hemácias possibilitado pelo uso do sistema de autotransfusão com hemoconcentração determina menor uso de CH homólogo no transoperatório de cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio com uso de miniCEC.
Gentil, Luana Llagostera Sillano. "Tecnologia educativa de cuidados para o pós-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica: uma ferramenta para o paciente e família". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-12092014-122925/.
Testo completoIntroduction: It is well known that patients and families benefit from educational orientations while recovering from coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Therefore, developing a teaching tool to be used during this period contributes to a better understanding of self-care at home, optimizes recovery, and decreases stress, a symptom common to these individuals at this stage. There are several teaching tools used to guide the patient/ family prior to discharge. However, in Brazil, the production of materials based on reliable guidelines, with the participation of the target population and experts in cardiology, and adequate methodology still represents a gap in knowledge production. Objectives: The general objective of this research was to develop an educational tool to assist in the self-care of patients undergoing CABG and their families after discharge. Specific objetives were to systematize, identify, and structurize the content of an educational tool and validate the appropriateness of language, content and illustrations, with the participation of patients/families and experts in cardiology. Method: This is a study of methodological approach that included the participation of 35 patients/families and eight experts in the first phase, and eight patients/families and experts in the third phase. The experts were represented by nurses, clinical cardiologists, physiotherapist, dietician, clinical pharmacist, and a psychologist. The construction took place in three different phases: in the first phase the contents of the booklet were organized through a review of the literature and collection of information from the group of patients/families and among experts in cardiology; in the second phase an educational pilot tool was constructed based on data from the previous phase, with the information collected and systematized by the theoretical principles of Orem and organized by the methodological framework of Pasquali; the third phase consisted of the presentation of the pilot educational tool for patients/families and experts in cardiology for validation of content, language and graphics, using a tool developed for this purpose. This led to the construction of an improved educational tool with a revised layout, and the final version was printed. Results: The items that were frequently identified for inclusion in the tool refer to the correct use of medications and alternatives to contain spending on these, nutritional care, use of alcohol, physical activities and activities of daily living, wound care, identifying and targeting the complications of home health services, return to medical consultation, and guidance on psychological adjustment and coping difficulties postoperatively. Conclusions: The construction and validation of an educational tool focused on self-care may be useful in future research to increase the coping strategies of patients/ families and optimize discharge planning by health professionals.
Yamaguti, Thiana. "Avaliação de marcadores de perfusão tecidual como preditores de morbimortalidade pós-operatória em pacientes com disfunção ventricular esquerda submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-05032010-153204/.
Testo completoBackground Patients with left ventricular dysfunction who undergo cardiac surgery are more susceptible to tissue hypoperfusion and anaerobic metabolism, which result in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The early prediction of complicated postoperative course through the detection of tissue hypoperfusion may improve the management of care and decrease morbidity and mortality of this particular group of patients. Objective Evaluate markers of tissue hypoperfusion less employed as venoarterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (PCO2) and estimated respiratory quotient (eRQ) combined to other classically studied markers as predictive factors of complicated clinical course after cardiac surgery in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Methods A prospective observational study performed in the cardiac surgical unit of a tertiary referral center (InCor-HCFMUSP). Demographic, clinical and surgical data were recorded from eighty seven patients with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 50%) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were obtained in five time points: after induction of anesthesia (INICIAL), at the end of surgery (FINAL), on admission to the post-surgical ICU (UTI-1), 6 hours after ICU admission (UTI-6), and 12 hours after ICU admission (UTI-12). Two groups were defined according to their postoperative clinical course: complicated course group (death within 30 days after surgery or more than 4 days of ICU stay) and uncomplicated course group (ICU stay 4 days). Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that EuroSCORE, UTI-6 lactate, UTI-12 PCO2 and UTI-12 eRQ were independent predictors of complicated postoperative course. For prediction of complicated course, areas under the ROC curves were 0,76 for EuroSCORE; 0,67 for UTI-6 lactate; 0,68 for UTI-12 eRQ and 0,72 for UTI-12 PCO2 (p< 0,01). The areas under the ROC curves of the variables did not differ significantly. Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrated that 6h postoperative arterial lactate, 12h postoperative PCO2 and estimated respiratory quotient are independent predictors for a complicated clinical course after coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. The predictive power of these parameters was independent of the preoperative factors represented by the EuroSCORE. There is no superiority of any marker identified as independent predictor. Oxygen derived markers, base excess and hemodynamic variables were not predictors of complicated course in this group of patients.
Miguel, Gade Satuala Vasco. "Análise da influência da intervenção coronária percutânea prévia na mortalidade e eventos cardiovasculares e cerebrovasculares até cinco anos de seguimento após cirurgia de revascularização". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-17082018-085410/.
Testo completoBACKGROUND: several technological advances in percutaneous treatment of atherosclerotic coronary disease have led to an increasing number of patients treated with previous percutaneous intervention (PCI) referred to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Results of short-term initial studies showed negative effects of PCI on CABG outcomes .. Neverthless, further studies with immediate and long term follow-up confirmed or contested the negative influence on mortality and morbidity of CABG. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of previous coronary intervention with stent in the mortality and occurrence of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery, up to 5 years of follow-up. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed in the REVASC (Registro de rEVAScularização mioCárdica) database of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at the Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, operated between June 2009 and July 2010, and followed in three periods: at 30 days, 1 year and 5 years. Patient characteristics and risk factors were analyzed according to the definitions given to the variables by EuroSCORE (The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation). In order to control eventual selection bias, a simultaneous analysis with propensity score matching was performed. All tests were performed considering bilateral hypothesis and assuming a significance level ? = 5%. RESULTS: Patients were divided into two groups: primary CABG , 2746 patients and previous PCI. 261 (8.7%) of patients had previous PCI. In the original cohort, in the PCI group, patients were older (p = 0.032) and had more peripheral arterial disease (p < 0.001) and more dyslipidemic (p < 0.001) but with lower EUROSCORE operative risk (p = 0.031) and more non-elective surgeries (= 0.008). After five years, the mortality due to cardiovascular causes was 134 (5.6%) in the previous PCI group versus 13 (5.5%) in the primary CABG group; (p = 0.946); the rate of rehospitalization for cardiovascular causes was 359 (15.0%) in the group with previous PCI vs 47 (19.8%) in the primary CABG group; (p = 0.048) and the combined death / rehospitalization event due to cardiovascular causes was 399 (16.7%) in the group with previous PCI vs 51 (21.5%) in the primary CABG group; (p = 0.057). Then, we performed a paired cohort and in 5 years the mortality from cardiovascular causes was 17 (7.8%) in the group with previous PCI vs 13 (5.5%) in the primary CABG group; (p = 0.321); the rehospitalization rate for cardiovascular causes was 31 (14.2%) in the group with previous PCI vs 47 (19.8%) in the primary CABG group; (p = 0.113) and the combined death / rehospitalization event due to cardiovascular causes was 40 (18.4%) in the previous PCI group vs 51 (21.5%) primary CABG group; (p = 0.398). CONCLUSION: There is no statistically demonstrable difference in mortality over five years in both groups, but there was more readmission for cardiovascular causes and combined outcomes in the previous PCI group. In the matched cohort we cannot find any diferences
Geovanini, Glaucylara Reis. "Associação entre apneia obstrutiva do sono e lesão miocárdica em pacientes com angina refratária". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5150/tde-24082015-114849/.
Testo completoBackground (Paper 1): Refractory angina is a severe form of coronary artery disease (CAD) characterized by persistent angina despite optimal medical therapy. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depression are common in patients with stable CAD and may contribute to a poor prognosis. Objectives: We hypothesized that OSA and depression are more common and more severe in patients with refractory angina than in patients with stable CAD. Methods: We used standardized questionnaires and full polysomnography to compare consecutive patients with well-established refractory angina versus consecutive patients with stable CAD evaluated for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Results: Patients with refractory angina (n=70) compared with patients with stable CAD (n=70) were similar in respect to sex distribution (male: 61.5% vs 75.5%; p=0.07), body mass index (29.5+- 4 kg/m2 vs 28.5 +- 4 kg/m2; p=0.06) and were older (61 +- 10 yr vs 57 +- 7 yr; p=0.013), respectively. Patients with refractory angina had significantly more symptoms of daytime sleepiness (Epworth: 12±6 vs 8±5; p<0.001), had higher depression symptom scores (Beck: 19 +- 8 vs 10 +- 8; p < 0.001) despite greater use of antidepressants, had higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI: 37±30 events/h vs 23±20 events/h, p=0.001), higher proportion of oxygen saturation <90% during sleep (8%±13 vs 4%±9, p=0.04) and a higher proportion of severe OSA (AHI >=30 events/h: 48% vs 27%; p=0.009) than patients with stable CAD. OSA (p=0.017), depression (p < 0.001), higher Epworth (p=0.007) and lower sleep efficiency (p=0.016) were independently associated with refractory angina in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: OSA and depression are independently associated with refractory angina and may contribute to poor cardiovascular outcome. Background (Paper 2): Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is common and may contribute to poor cardiovascular outcomes. OSA is extremely common among patients with refractory angina. Objectives: Investigate the association between severe OSA with markers of overnight myocardial injury in patients with refractory angina. Methods: All patients were characterized clinically, underwent ischemia imaging stress tests as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and/or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and submitted to sleep evaluation by full polysomnography (PSG).The patients were admitted to the hospital, remained under resting conditions for blood determination of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) at 2 P.M., 10 P.M., and on the following morning after PSG at 7 A.M. Results: We studied 80 consecutive patients (age: 62±10ys; male: 66%; body mass index (BMI): 29.5±4 kg/m2) with a well-established diagnosis of refractory angina. The mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 37±29 events/h and OSA (AHI > 15 events/h) was present in 75% of the population. Morning detectable hs-cTnT and above 99th percentile was present in 88% and 36%, respectively. Patients in the first to third quartiles of OSA severity did not have circadian variation of hs-cTnT. In contrast, patients in the fourth quartile had a circadian variation of hs-cTnT with a morning peak of hs-cTnT that was two times higher than that in the remaining population (p=.02). The highest quartile of OSA severity remained associated with the highest quartile of hscTnT (p=.028) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Severe OSA is common and independently associated with overnight myocardial injury in patients with refracto
Mannan, Haider Rashid. "Development and use of a Monte Carlo-Markov cycle tree model for coronary heart disease incidence-mortality and health service usage with explicit recognition of coronary artery revascularization procedures (CARPs)". University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0101.
Testo completoŠvagždienė, Milda. "Prieširdžių virpėjimo po miokardo revaskuliarizacijos operacijų sąsaja su elektrolitų koncentracija serume bei ekskrecija su šlapimu". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20061219_072510-78238.
Testo completoMachado, Maurício de Nassau. "Lesão renal aguda após cirurgia cardíaca". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/291.
Testo completoMade available in DSpace on 2016-09-15T18:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mauriciodenassaumachado_tese.pdf: 15169790 bytes, checksum: 44c4bba3d0bddeb188ec239527b863f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-07
Introduction: Acute kidney injury is a complex syndrome characterized by rapid (hours or days) reduction in renal excretion that occurs in a wide variety of situations. It has wide variability of epidemiology and is a common complication in critically ill and intensive care patients. Acute kidney injury generate increased hospital costs and is associated with high mortality rates being independent predictor of death. Currently, three diagnostic criteria for acute kidney injury has been highlighted: RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage kidney disease), AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network) and KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes). Objectives: To evaluate the incidence, morbidity and mortality associated with acute kidney injury (and its value as a predictor of 30-day mortality) in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (article 1), patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery (article 2), patients with elevated preoperative baseline creatinine (article 3) and, in general, in patients undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting or cardiac valve surgery) (article 4). Methods: (Article 1) Patients undergoing on-pump CABG from January 2003 to January 2008 (817 patients) were divided according to the AKIN classification in AKI (+) and AKI (-) patients. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of 30-day mortality. (Article 2) Patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery from January 2003 to May 2010 (837 patients) were divided according to the presence of infective endocarditis. Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of 30-day mortality. (Article 3) Patients with elevated baseline serum creatinine underwent cardiac surgery (CABG or CVS) from January 2003 to June 2013 (918 patients) were evaluated to determine whether the development of post-operative acute kidney injury based on KDIGO criteria was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality. (Article 4) Patients undergoing cardiac surgery (CABG or CVS) between January 2003 and June 2013 (2804 patients) were evaluated to determine if acute kidney injury based on KDIGO criteria was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality. Results: (all articles) Patients who developed AKI postoperatively had more clinical complications. The 30-day mortality increased progressively in all stages of acute kidney injury. Based on AKIN and KDIGO criteria, AKI was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality. Conclusions: (all articles) In this population, acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality.
Introdução: Disfunção renal aguda é uma síndrome complexa caracterizada pela rápida (horas ou dias) redução da excreção renal que ocorre em uma grande variedade de situações. Ela tem ampla variabilidade epidemiológica e é complicação comum em pacientes gravemente enfermos e de terapia intensiva gerando aumento dos custos hospitalares e associando-se a altas taxas mortalidade sendo preditor independente do risco de morte. Atualmente, três critérios diagnósticos para lesão renal aguda tem se destacado: RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage kidney disease), AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network) e KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes). Objetivos: Avaliar a incidência, morbidade e mortalidade associada a lesão renal aguda (e seu valor como preditor de óbito em 30 dias) em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio com CEC, pacientes submetidos a cirurgia valvar, pacientes com creatinina basal elevada no pré-operatório e, de maneira global, em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca (revascularização do miocárdio ou cirurgia valvar). Métodos: (artigo 1) Pacientes submetidos a RM com CEC no período de janeiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2008 (817 pacientes) foram divididos de acordo com a classificação AKIN em LRA (+) e LRA (-). Regressão logística multivariada foi utilizada para determinação de preditores independentes para óbito em 30 dias; (artigo 2) Pacientes submetidos a cirurgia valvar no período de janeiro de 2003 a maio de 2010 (837 pacientes) foram divididos de acordo com a presença de endocardite infecciosa. Regressão de Cox foi usada para determinar preditores independentes para óbito em 30 dias; (artigo 3) Pacientes portadores de creatinina basal elevada (pré-operatório) submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca (RM ou CV) entre janeiro de 2003 a junho de 2013 (918 pacientes) foram avaliados para determinar se o desenvolvimento de lesão renal aguda pós-operatória baseada nos critérios KDIGO foi preditor independente de óbito em 30 dias; (artigo 4) Pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca (RM ou CV) entre janeiro de 2003 a junho de 2013 (2804 pacientes) foram avaliados para determinar se o desenvolvimento de lesão renal aguda pós-operatória baseada nos critérios KDIGO foi preditor independente de óbito em 30 dias. Resultados: (todos artigos) Pacientes que evoluíram com LRA tiveram mais complicações no pós-operatório. A mortalidade em 30 dias aumentou progressivamente em todos os estágios de lesão renal aguda. Baseado nos critérios AKIN e KDIGO, LRA foi preditor independente de óbito em 30 dias. Conclusões: (todos artigos) Na população estudada, alteração aguda da função renal no pós-operatório foi preditor independente de óbito em 30 dias.
Garzillo, Cibele Larrosa. "Evolução da função ventricular esquerda em pacientes portadores de coronariopatia crônica submetidos ao tratamento clínico, cirúrgico e angioplastia - seguimento de 10 anos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-10072012-165058/.
Testo completoBACKGROUND: Historically, myocardial revascularization procedures, either by coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), are assumed as effective therapeutic options for the protection of the ischemic myocardium. However, it is not established if those procedures are responsible for left ventricular function preservation, or even if their absence may contribute for the deterioration of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the evolution of LVEF in patients with chronic multivessel coronary heart disease and left ventricular function initially preserved, submitted to CABG, PCI or medical treatment (MT), after ten years of follow-up (MASS II substudy). METHODS: Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in patients with multivessel coronary heart disease, participants of MASS II trial, previously to randomization for one of the three possible therapeutic strategies (CABG, PCI and MT), and after 10 years of follow-up. LVEF was measured by the biplane method (Simpson) or alternatively by the Teichholz method. RESULTS: Of the 611 patients participants of MASS II trial, 422 were alive after a follow-up of 10.32 (±1.43) years. 350 had LVEF reassessed: 108 patients in MT group, 111 in CABG group and 131 in PCI group. Main baseline characteristics were similar among the three groups, including demographic, angiographic and laboratorial findings. The occurrence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was also similar among the 3 groups. There was no difference of LVEF either at the beginning (0.61 + 0.07, 0.61 + 0.08 e 0.61 + 0.09 respectively for PCI, CABG and MT, p=0.675) and the end of follow up (0.56 + 0.11, 0.55 + 0.11 e 0.55 + 0.12 respectively for PCI, CABG and MT groups, p=0.675). However, there was a slight, but significant reduction (P<0.001) of LVEF, similar on the three therapeutic groups (p=0.641). The impact of other variables over LVEF evolution, such as gender, age, diabetes, arterial pattern (including, left anterior descending coronary artery commitment) and additional revascularization, were also analyzed, with no influence on the evolution of LVEF. However, the presence of previous AMI (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.40-4.45; p= 0.0007) and the occurrence of AMI during follow up (OR 2.73, 95% IC 1.25- 5.92; p=0.005) were associated with an increased risk of developing LVEF < 45%. Also, AMI during follow-up was responsible for a greater reduction of LVEF (reduction delta of 18.29 ± 21.22% and 6.63 ± 18.91%, respectively for patients with and without AMI during follow-up, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Compared with PCI or CABG, the Medical group, with unprotected coronary disease by mechanical revascularization, showed no differences in left ventricular function after 10 years of follow-up. Moreover, regardless of therapeutic strategy applied, ventricular function remained preserved without AMI
Girardi, Priscyla Borges Miyamoto de Araújo. "Custos comparativos entre a revascularização miocárdica com e sem circulação extracorpórea". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-10092009-115211/.
Testo completoINTRODUCTION: Techniques of coronary artery bypass grafting without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) aim surgical results with less systemic damage, lower incidence of clinical complications and shorter hospitalization, generating expectations of lower hospital costs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hospital cost in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with and without the use of CPB, in patients with multivessel coronary disease with stable preserved ventricular function. METHODS: Hospital costs were based on the current local government payment for the cardiac surgery. The use of orthoses, prostheses, and the clinical complications events were added in the cost. It was also added the duration of staying at ICU and total hospitalization period in the final cost. Yet, it was not considered remuneration of medical professionals as well as the cost of the depreciation of equipment, administration fee of land, water, electricity, phone, food, laboratory tests for admission and medicines. RESULTS: From January 2002 to August 2006, 131 patients and 128 patients were randomized for surgery with CPB and without CPB, respectively. The baseline characteristics were similar for both groups. The cost of surgical complications of the group without CPB were significantly lower compared to the group with CPB (606.00 ± 525.00 vs 945, 90 ± 440.00, p <0,001); as well as, the costs of ICU (432, 20 ± 391.70 vs 717.70 ± 257.70, p<0,001). Yet, the final cost was higher in the without CPB group (6.877,00 ± 525,20 vs 5.305,00 ± 440,11; p<0.001) due to the price of the Octopus stabilizer. Additionally, the occupation time at the operating room was (4.9 ± 1.1h vs 3, 9 ± 1.0h, p<0,001), at the ICU was (48.25 ± 17.2h vs 29, 20 ± 26.1h, p<0001) with intubations time (9.2 ± 4.5h vs 6, 4 ± 5.1h, p <0001) in the group with CPB and without CPB, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results showed that the coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass has decreased operational costs related to reduce length of stay in each sector of the surgical procedure. However, the high cost of the stabilizer lead to increased final cost of SCEC surgery.
Lima, Eduardo Gomes. "Avaliação prognóstica em longo prazo de pacientes diabéticos portadores de insuficiência renal crônica leve a moderada e doença coronária multiarterial submetidos aos tratamentos clínico, cirúrgico ou angioplastia". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-26022015-115757/.
Testo completoIntroduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a risk factor associated with worse prognosis in patients with croronary artery disease (CAD). Some studies have demonstrated that this prognosis has additional risk when associated with chronic kidney disease. There are few data available comparing different therapies for multivessel CAD among patients with diabetes and CKD in a long-term follow-up. Objective: To compare three different therapeutic strategies for CAD among diabetic patients stratified by renal function. Methods: This is a prospective, registry-based and single center study that enrolled patients from the MASS Group Registry. Type 2 diabetic patients with multivessel CAD were allocated to three different treatment strategies: coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), angioplasty (PCI), and optimized medical therapy alone (MT). Data were analyzed according to estimated glomerular filtration rate in 3 strata: normal (> 90mL/min), mild CKD (60- 89mL/min), and moderate CKD (30-59mL/min). Primary endpoint was combined of overall mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and need for additional revascularization. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard survival analysis was performed to assess whether the associations of groups with all-cause mortality and other end points considered was independent of potential confounders. Demographic and clinical variables, as well as treatment applied were included in the analysis. Results: From 1995 to 2010, patients enrolled (N=763) were followed for a mean time of 5.4 years. Among normal renal function patients (N=270), 122 underwent CABG, 72 PCI, and 76 MT; among mild CKD patients (N=367), 167 underwent CABG, 92 PCI, an d108 MT; and for moderate CKD patients (N=126), 46 underwent CABG, 40 PCI, and 40 MT. Survival free of events were 80.4%, 75.7% e 67.5% for strata 1, 2 and 3 respectively (P=0.037). Survival rates among patients with no, mild, and moderate CKD are respectively 91.1%, 89.6%, and 76.2% (P=0.001) (HR:0.69; 0.51-0.95; P=0.024 for stratum 1 versus 3). Comparing treatment strategies in patients according to the renal function strata, we found no differences regarding overall mortality or AMI irrespective of strata. On the other hand, the need of additional revascularization was different in all strata, favoring CABG group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P=0.029 for no, mild, and moderate CKD respectively). Comparing different strata of renal function among treatments we found a higher risk of death among moderate CKD subjects compared to mild CKD (HR:0.42; 0.18-0.99; P=0.04) in CABG group. Conclusion: Among diabetic patients with CAD, mortality rates were higher among patients with CKD. Nevertheless, revascularization procedures groups had similar rates of cardiovascular events compared to MT alone, except for less need of additional revascularization in CABG group in all renal function strata
Neto, Josué Viana de Castro. ""Estudo comparativo entre os enxertos arteriais compostos e os enxertos arteriais isolados na revascularização do miocárdio: análise do fluxo sangüíneo e da reserva de fluxo coronariano com Doppler intravascular"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-27012006-093709/.
Testo completoThe objective is to compare the total blood flow (Bf) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) to the left coronary branches that were revascularized with left internal thoracic (LITA) and radial artery (RA) in composite and independent arterial grafts. A randomized trial was realized and 42 patients assigned in group A or composite LITA-RA in a Y configuration (n=14), group B or modified composite LITA-RA(n=14) and group C or pedicled LITA to LAD and aorto-coronary RA (n=14). Patients were submitted to postoperative Bf velocity analysis. CFR was 2,1 ± 0,44, 1,96 ± 0,3 e 2,06±0,42 in groups A,B and C (p=0.7208 A, B x C) and Bf, in ml/min, was 110±30, 145±59 and 136±58, respectively (p=0.3232 A, B x C). In conclusion there was no difference in Bf and CFR in the groups studied
Galdeano, Luzia Elaine. "Validação do diagnóstico de enfermagem conhecimento deficiente em relação à doença arterial coronariana e à revascularização do miocárdio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-19032008-163504/.
Testo completoThe main goals of this research were the content and clinical validation of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis Deficient knowledge in relation to coronary artery disease and coronary artery bypass grafting. The Diagnostic Content Validation Model and the patient-focused Clinical Diagnostic Validity Model proposed by Fehring (1987) were used. Content validation (1st phase of the study) - to participate in this phase, 50 nurses were invited who were experts in nursing diagnosis, care delivery to patients with heart problems and/or education. For this phase, an instrument was used, comprising the defining characteristics of Deficient knowledge and their respective operational definitions. The experts classified the following as the main defining characteristics: verbalization of the problem (0.96), inaccurate performance of test (0.83) and expressing mistaken perception about health condition (0.83). The following characteristics were classified as secondary: inaccurate follow-through of instruction (0.71), lack of information recall (0.71), non-verbal indicators of low understanding level (0.69), repetitive questioning (0.68), information devaluation (0.64), not following the prescribed treatment (0.56), non-verbal indicators of lack of attention (0.56), lack of integration of treatment plan into daily activities (0.53) and expressing psychological change (anxiety, depression) (0.51). Inappropriate or exaggerated behaviors (0.34) was considered insufficient to characterize Deficient knowledge. Clinical validation (2nd phase of the study) - study participants in this phase were 80 adult patients in the preoperative period of coronary artery bypass grafting. This phase was carried out at the Beneficência Portuguesa Hospital in São Paulo City. Six instruments were used: General assessment questionnaire, Mini mental state examination, Hospital anxiety and depression scale, Questionnaire for knowledge assessment related to the disease and treatment, Questionnaire to assess information valuation and Self-assessment scale. All data collection instruments used in this phase and filled out by the researcher were passed to a specialized nurse, with a view to verifying the agreement between these two professionals in the identification of the defining characteristics. The following characteristics were identified by the researcher as well as by the specialized nurses with frequencies of more than 50%: inaccurate performance of test and expressing psychological change. Except for the verbalization of the problem characteristic, for which 27.5% of agreement was obtained between the two professionals, agreement rates exceeded 68% on all other characteristics. The defining characteristics with the highest reliability coefficients were inaccurate performance of test and expressing mistaken perception about health condition (R = 0.91). The defining characteristics with the lowest reliability coefficients were: non-verbal indicators of lack of attention (R = 0.05) and nonverbal indicators of low understanding level (R = 0.06). Only four (5%) patients displayed adequate performance on the questionnaire for knowledge assessment related to the disease and treatment. It can be concluded that the defining characteristics inaccurate performance of test and expressing mistaken perception about health condition constitute the best manifestations of Deficient knowledge, as they were identified in the 1st phase of the study as the main characteristics and were identified with high frequency levels in the 2nd phase
Esplendori, Gabriela Feitosa. "Diferenças de gênero na percepção e nas estratégias de coping de pacientes em pré-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-20012015-120103/.
Testo completoIntroduction: Ischemic heart disease (coronary artery disease) is among the leading causes of death for men and women in Brazil. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is indicated on the diffuse coronary lesions, involvement of more than one coronary territory and of vital arteries. Faced with the need of undergoing the surgical procedure the patient feels exposed to stress during the perioperative period making them physically and emotionally vulnerable, even when surgery is the best option for sustaining life. The Interactionist Model of Stress, framework adopted in this research, shows that gender plays a moderator role in perceived stress. Objective: To identify gender differences in the perception of stress and coping strategies in patients undergoing CABG.Methods: Quantitative, observational, exploratory and descriptive, cross-sectional approach study with transversally prospective data collection conducted in a high complexity public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, with samples that consisted of 74 men and 31 women. Data collection was conducted between December 2012 to July 2013, after approval from the Ethics in Research Committees. The research materials included a questionnaire for socio - demographic and clinical characteristics, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS- 14), the Inventory of Coping Strategies of Folkman and Lazarus - using descriptive statistics and comparison and correlation tests, and two questions involving stressors / concerns and actions that helped coping with the preoperative. The responses were then categorized and quantified. Results: The mean score of stress for women and men were, respectively, 22.5 and 19.6. This difference was not statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences among the eight domains of the Coping Strategies Inventory and gender, and the domains of Problem solving, Positive reappraisal and Social support showed the highest mean score. It was observed that in the domains of Positive reappraisal, Escape and Avoidance, Self-control, Social support and Distancing were significantly related with the clinical and sociodemographic variables. There was a statistically significant difference between gender and category \"B.1 - Fear of the procedure: Heart problems / anesthesia / sternotomy \" with a predominance of women (p = 0.009) and \"C - Activities to occupy the mind\" with the predominance of men (p = 0.031).Conclusion: Given the complexity, novelty and uncontrollability related to CABG, gender did not influence the scores of stress and coping domains (Coping Strategies Inventory) with the search for problem solving predominating in the total sample, followed by emotion-focused coping of social support and positive reappraisal, highlighting faith / prayer and support from family and friends. Men and women differed on their accounts of stressors and actions for coping the preoperative
Legallois, Damien. "Paramètres biologiques et échocardiographiques et remodelage ventriculaire gauche après syndrome coronarien aigu avec sus-décalage du segment ST Definition of left ventricular remodelling following ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review of cardiac magnetic resonance studies in the past decade Left atrial strain quantified after myocardial infarction is associated with ventricular remodeling The relationship between circulating biomarkers and left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction: an updated review Serum neprilysin levels are associated with myocardial stunning after ST-elevation myocardial infarction Is plasma level of Coenzyme Q10 a predictive marker for left ventricular remodeling after revascularization for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ?" Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC429.
Testo completoLeft ventricular remodeling is a common complication in patients following acutemyocardial infarction and may lead to heart failure. Some baseline parameters are associated withremodeling at follow-up, allowing to better discriminate patients with an increased risk of heart failureto optimize therapeutics. This work has two axes, focused on imaging and biological parametersassociated with left ventricular remodeling, respectively. First, we reviewed past studies that definedremodeling using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Then, we studied the association betweensome echocardiographic parameters (left atrial strain and diastolic intraventricular pressure gradient)and left ventricular remodeling after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. In the other axis, wereviewed biomarkers that have been associated with left ventricular remodeling in prior studies. Then,we investigated the association between neprilysin and coenzyme Q10 levels and left ventricularremodeling in STEMI patients
Maldaner, Claudia Regina. "CUIDADO DE SI DE INDIVÍDUOS APÓS CIRURGIA DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO MIOCÁRDICA". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7395.
Testo completoO objetivo geral foi: compreender como ocorre o cuidado de si de indivíduos que se submeteram à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio. Os objetivos específicos foram: conhecer o significado da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio na vida de indivíduos revascularizados; conhecer o cotidiano de indivíduos que se submeteram à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio; analisar as mudanças provocadas pela cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio na vida de indivíduos revascularizados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 10 indivíduos revascularizados em um hospital público do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram respeitadas as normas da Resolução 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde do Ministério da Saúde para pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos. A coleta dos dados ocorreu de janeiro a abril de 2013, por meio da entrevista narrativa. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados desse trabalho estão dispostos em quatro artigos. O primeiro trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que contribuiu para aprofundar a temática. Os demais artigos são oriundos da pesquisa de campo. No primeiro artigo, foram descritas as evidências sobre as necessidades de cuidado e fatores que influenciam no cotidiano dos pacientes após a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Os resultados apontaram que o dia a dia após cirurgia inclui a necessidade de mudanças no estilo de vida. As repercussões negativas da revascularização miocárdica incluem a ansiedade, depressão e o acompanhamento médico, já o fator positivo é a diminuição dos sintomas anginosos. O segundo artigo, trata sobre os significados da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio para indivíduos revascularizados. Emergiram os temas: doença cardíaca é para pessoas idosas; susto - risco de morte iminente; melhora física e psíquica; modificação da imagem corporal; oportunidade de vida. O terceiro artigo se refere ao cotidiano de indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. As categorias temáticas foram: o desconhecimento e o (des)cuidado de indivíduos revascularizados sobre sua saúde antes da cirurgia e a necessidade de cuidado de si de indivíduos revascularizados e as implicações no seu cotidiano após a cirurgia. O último artigo é referente às mudanças provocadas pela cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica na vida de indivíduos revascularizados, visando o cuidado de si. Nesse artigo as categorias foram: agora eu me cuido; a mão dupla do cuidado; a imposição do cuidado; a valorização da vida; a atitude frente aos bens materiais; a atitude nos relacionamentos e a família mais próxima. Compreende-se que os profissionais de saúde precisam ser agentes estimuladores do cuidado de si de indivíduos revascularizados. Devem ser oportunizados ao indivíduo e sua família, momentos de discussão e compartilhamento de dúvidas e angústias junto aos profissionais de saúde. Esses encontros podem ser realizados em grupos ou até mesmo em consultas de enfermagem individualizadas, os profissionais devem estar aptos a estimular essas pessoas a seguir uma vida ativa e independente, mantendo o entusiasmo nos cuidados com a saúde.
Pereira, José Eduardo Guimarães. "O impacto da n-acetilcisteína na morbimortalidade em cirurgias cardíacas valvares e de revascularização do miocárdio revisão sistemática e metanálise /". Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180334.
Testo completoResumo: Cirurgias cardíacas são procedimentos muito eficientes para tratar os sintomas do infarto miocárdico, e para realizar trocas e plastias valvares. Contudo, problemas clínicos ocorrem ao realizar-se tais procedimentos em razão da lesão de isquemia-reperfusão e estresse oxidativo. Ambos, a cirurgia e a circulação extracorpórea (CEC) causam liberação de citocinas inflamatórias (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) e ativação de espécies reativas de oxigênio (O2-, H2O2-). Glutationa peroxidase (GPO) é uma enzima antioxidante que exerce papel importante no equilíbrio oxidativo e tem sua atividade limitada pela depleção das reservas de glutationa (GSH). N-acetilcisteína (NAC) é um resíduo acetilado do composto cisteína, e é necessária à ressíntese da glutationa (GSH). Estudos têm demonstrado a ação antioxidante da NAC, e seus efeitos na proteção da função dos pulmões, rins e coração, com resultados conflitantes. Sendo assim, este estudo avaliou o papel da n-acetilcisteína na redução da morbimortalidade de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática e metanálise de ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECRs) e quase-ECRs, sem restrições quanto a línguas. ECRs foram pesquisadas nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL e LILACS, e a última busca ocorreu em 10 de outubro de 2018. Dois revisores independentes (JEGP, RED) selecionaram e extraíram os dados dos estudos, e a abordagem GRADE foi utilizada para classificar a certeza das evidências para os desfechos ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Cardiac surgeries are very efficient procedures to treat acute myocardial infarction symptoms, and to perform heart valve repair or replacement. Nervertheless, clinical issues arise upon performing such procedures, like isquemia-reperfusion injury and oxidative stress. Both, surgery and the cardiopulmonary by-pass (CPB) cause liberation of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) and activation of reactive oxygen species (O2-, H2O2-). Glutathione peroxidase (GPO) is an enzymatic antioxidant and plays a major role on the oxidative balance, and its activity is limited due to glutathione (GSH) reserve depletion. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an acetylated residue of the cysteine compound, and is necessary for glutathione (GSH) resynthesis. Studies have demonstrated the antioxidant action of NAC, and its effects on the protection of lung, kidney and heart functions, although with conflicting results. Therefore, this study evaluated the role of NAC on the reduction of morbimortality of the patients submitted to cardiac surgeries. A Systematic review and metanalysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Quasi-RCTs, with no restrictions to languages, was performed. RCTs were searched from the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and LILACS, and the last search date was October 10th, 2018. Two independent reviewers have selected and extracted the data from the studies, and the GRADE approach was utilized to classify the certainty of the evidences for the outcomes assesse... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Corrêa, Paulo Rogério. "Variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca no domínio do caos como preditora de infecções pulmonares em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2006. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/232.
Testo completoHeart Rate Variability (HRV) is the most frequently used non-invasive diagnostic method for evaluating the heart autonomic control. Taking into consideration that the autonomous nervous system modulates, in an important way, the cardiovascular function, any alteration in the autonomous cardiovascular function constitutes cause and/or coadjuvant condition for numerous diseases. Recent studies have shown that through the heart frequency variability, by evaluating it within time, frequency and chaos domain, the human organisms, generally speaking, show a behavior of nonlinear complex systems, thus following the laws of Chaos Theory. The HRV analysis, by other nonlinear dynamic methods in the myocardial revascularization surgery pre-operation period, could predict more morbidity in the post-operation period, for example, lung infections. Objective: Evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) behavior in the chaos domain (nonlinear dynamic) in the preoperative period of surgical myocardial revascularization and its relationship to lung infections occurrences in postoperative stay. Casuistic and Method: 72 non-selected patients were studied (age range from 58.4±10.2 years old) with coronary artery disease and having elective surgery indication for myocardial revascularization. In order to quantify the HRV in the chaos domain, the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA total) variables, their short-term (α1) and long-term (α2) correlations, Approximate Entropy (-ApEn), Lyapunov Exponent (LE), self-correlation (Tau), Normalized Tau (nT) and Hurst Exponent (HE) were measured in temporal series of 1.000 RR intervals of electrocardiogram recorded on the day before the operation, with Polar S810i equipment. Results: The cut-off levels were determined with help from ROC curve being for DFA total, α1, α2, Approximate Entropy, Lyapunov Exponent, Tau, Normalized Tau and Hurst Exponent, respectively: 1.036917, 0.727273, 0.906397, 0.480176, 0.832, 28.23143, 11.312504, and 0.210447. In the Chaos Domain, the DFA total, Normalized Tau , Approximate Entropy and Lyapunov Exponent in the pre-operation period, were associated with the lung infection occurrences in the postoperative period with P =0.0309, P=0.0232, P= 0.0307 and P= 0.0006, respectively. In conclusion, the nonlinear dynamic methods, in their respective cut-off levels, allowed differentiating the cases that evolved into lung infection in the postoperative period of surgical myocardial revascularization.
A Variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca (HRV Heart Rate Variability ) é o método diagnóstico não invasivo mais freqüentemente usado na avaliação do controle autonômico do coração. Considerando que o sistema nervoso autônomo modula, de maneira importante, a função cardiovascular, as alterações na função autonômica cardiovascular constituem causa e/ou condição coadjuvante de numerosas doenças. Estudos recentes têm mostrado que pela análise da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca, avaliando-a nos domínios do tempo, da freqüência e do caos, os organismos humanos, de forma geral, comportam-se como sistemas complexos não-lineares, obedecendo-se, assim, às leis da Teoria do Caos. A análise da HRV por outros métodos de dinâmica não linear no período pré-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio poderia ser preditora de maior morbidade no pós-operatório, como por exemplo, infecções pulmonares. Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca (HRV) no domínio do caos (dinâmica não-linear) no período pré-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio e sua relação com a ocorrência de infecções pulmonares no período pós-operatório hospitalar. Casuística e Método: Foram estudados 72 pacientes não-selecionados (média de idade de 58,4±10,2 anos) com doença arterial coronária e indicação eletiva de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio. Para quantificar a dinâmica da HRV no domínio do caos foram medidas as variáveis, Análise das Flutuações Depuradas de Tendências (DFA total), seus componentes de curto (α1) e longo (α2) prazos, Entropia Aproximada (-ApEn), Expoente de Lyapunov (LE), Autocorrelação (Tau), Tau normalizado e Expoente de Hurst (HE) em séries temporais de 1.000 intervalos RR do eletrocardiograma captados na véspera da operação, com equipamento Polar S810i. Resultados: Os respectivos valores de corte determinados com auxílio da curva ROC foram para: DFA total, α1, α2, Entropia aproximada, Expoente de Lyapunov, Tau, Tau normalizado e HE respectivamente: 1, 036917, 0, 727273, 0, 906397, 0, 480176, 0, 832, 28, 23143, 11, 312504, 0,210447. No domínio do caos, a DFA total, Tau normalizado, Entropia Aproximada e Expoente Lyapunov no período pré-operatório, se associaram com a ocorrência de infecções pulmonares no pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio com P =0, 0309, P=0, 0232, P= 0,0307 e P= 0,0006 respectivamente. Em conclusão, os métodos de dinâmica não-linear, nos seus respectivos níveis de corte, permitiram diferenciar os casos que evoluíram com infecção pulmonar no período pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio.
Neto, Vicente Avila. ""Estudo dos efeitos da estimulação atrial temporária na prevenção da fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio com circulação extracorpórea"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-07082006-135838/.
Testo completoWe studied the effects of temporary atrial pacing to prevent the atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the risk factors to occurrence of this arrhytmia. We followed-up 240 patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery who suffered temporary pacing atrial implantation at the end of operation. The patients were randomized into three groups according pacing stimulation into right atrial pacing, biatrial pacing and no stimulated patients. We concluded that the temporary atrial pacing reduced the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation. In addition older age was also a predictive factor of occurrence of atrial fibrillation
Soares, Flavia de Souza Nunes. "A prevalência e impacto da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5150/tde-04112010-140956/.
Testo completoBackground: The obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete collapse of the pharynx account for snoring and apnea or hypopnea events, respectively, associated with the decrease of oxygen saturation and frequent arousals during sleep. OSA is associated with coronary artery disease and is an independent risk factor for complications after surgery. However, most patients with OSA undergoing surgery is not suspected or previously diagnosed OSA. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of OSA in candidates for coronary arterial bypass grafting surgery (CABG) and compare it with the prevalence of OSA in candidates for elective abdominal surgery (ABD-surgery). As a secondary objective, we evaluated the clinical predictors and performance of the Berlin questionnaire, which stratifies patients into high risk and low risk for OSA, as a screening test in the preoperative as well as clinical predictors of OSA in both groups. Methods: We included 40 consecutive patients in the CABG group [29 men, age: 56 ± 7 years, body mass index (BMI): 30 ± 4 kg/m2] and 41 patients in the ABD-surgery, who were matched for gender, age and BMI (28 men, age: 56 ± 8 years, BMI: 29 ± 5 kg/m2 ¬). All patients underwent full nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) and clinical and laboratory pre-operative evaluation, 14 including assessment of daytime sleepiness with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Berlin questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of OSA (apnea hypopnea index in PSG 15 events/hour) in the RM group and ABD-surgery was high and similar (52% and 41% respectively, p = 0.32). Patients submitted to CABG presented lower levels of daytime somnolence than ABD-surgery patients (ESS: 6±3 vs. 9±5; p=0.008, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of Berlin in the RM group was 67% and 26%, and ABD-surgery group, 82 and 62% respectively. The BMI, waist and neck circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), Diabetes Mellitus and the high risk of OSA (according to questionnaire Berlin) correlated with OSA in univariate analysis. However, waist circumference was the only independent predictor associated with the presence of OSA after multiple logistic regression. Conclusion: OSA is extremely common among patients who are candidates for CABG and abdominal surgery. The Berlin questionnaire showed low sensitivity for detecting OSA in patients in the RM group, but the sensitivity and specificity in ABD-surgery group were similar to those found in the literature. Daytime sleepiness is not associated with the presence of OSA among patients with coronary artery disease with indication for surgical treatment and patients with indication for elective abdominal surgery, which may help explain the underdiagnosis of OSA in our population
Muller, Amanda Gabriela. "Características da fadiga no pré e pós-operatórios de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-27042018-145131/.
Testo completoIntroduction: Fatigue is a complex, multifactorial phenomenon that it was accepted as a diagnosis by NANDA-International in 1988. Little is known about the characteristics of fatigue in patients with chronic CAD in the pre and postoperative periods of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the future, this knowledge may contribute to guide the nurse in the design and implementation of interventions, in order to achieve positive results in the health of these people. Aim: To analyze the characteristics of fatigue in patients with chronic CAD in the pre- and postoperative periods of CABG. Methods: A longitudinal, prospective and analytical study performed at a Cardiology hospital in São Paulo, from May to December 2016. Initially, 159 patients were included and 22 were excluded in the preoperative evaluation. Regarding the postoperative evaluation, two patients were excluded and there was a loss of follow-up of 15. Data collection was performed preoperatively and postoperatively. Fatigue was assessed by the Dutch Fatigue Scale (DUFS) and exertion fatigue, by the Dutch Exertion Fatigue Scale (DEFS). In order to evaluate the prevalence/incidence of fatigue and exertion fatigue, a diagnostic test was used and the cutoff point of those scales was established using the Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) curve. Depression, pain, dyspnea, and sleep quality and efficiency were evaluated by validated instruments. The internal consistency of the instruments was evaluated using the Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient. In order to evaluate the association of fatigue and fatigue with pre- and post-operative variables, Student\'s t tests, analysis of variance ANOVA, Pearson\'s correlation coefficient, Kendall\'s tau correlation coefficient and linear regression model were used. The level of significance was 5%. Results: 137 preoperative CABG participants were included (75.9% male, 62.4 ± 8.3 years). The established cutoff point for fatigue and exertion fatigue was 18.5 (DUFS) and 17.5 (DEFS), respectively. The preoperative prevalence of fatigue and exertion fatigue was 67.2% and the incidence of fatigue in the postoperative period was 21.7%. The mean DUFS score was 23.3 ± 8.4 in the preoperative period and 23.0 ± 8.4 in the postoperative period; the mean DEFS was 23.8 ± 9.8 preoperatively. The linear regression analysis showed that the predictive preoperative factors of fatigue (DUFS) were depression and sleep quality. The predictive preoperative factors of exertion fatigue (DEFS) were depression, sleep quality, and sedentary lifestyle. The only predictive preoperative factor of postoperative fatigue (DUFS) was depression. The postoperative factors that remained in the regression model associated with postoperative fatigue (DUFS) were pain and dyspnea. Conclusion: Patients with CAD have clinically relevant fatigue and exertion fatigue in the pre- and postoperative periods of CABG. Depression is a predictive factor of fatigue in the pre- and postoperative period of CABG. Sleep quality and sedentary lifestyle are predictive factors of preoperative exertion fatigue. In turn, pain and dyspnea were associated with the postoperative fatigue.
Coutinho, Léa Barroso. "DIFERENÇA DA MORTALIDADE ENTRE OS SEXOS APÓS CIRURGIA DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO DO MIOCARDIO". Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1173.
Testo completoObjective: To compare the mortality of men and women undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) alone and identifying factors related differences occasionally found. Methods: Retrospective cohort study conducted with 215 patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery consecutively from January 2007 to December 2008. Results: Women had a higher average age. Low body surface and dyslipidemia was more prevalent in women (1.65 vs. 1.85, p <0.001: 53% vs 30%, p = 0.001), whereas smoking history and previous myocardial infarction were more prevalent among men (35 % vs 14.7% p = 0.001, 20% vs 2.7%, p = 0.007). Regarding the complications in the postoperative period, there was a higher rate of transfusions in women. The overall mortality rate was 5.6%, however there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between men and women. It was observed that among patients who died the mean body surface was lower than that of patients who progressed without this complication. Conclusion: There was no difference in mortality between the sexes after CABG in our department.
Objetivo: Comparar a morbimortalidade de homens e mulheres submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização isolada e identificando fatores relacionados as diferenças eventualmente encontradas. Métodos: Estudo de Coorte retrospectivo realizado com 215 pacientes, submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada, consecutivamente, de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008. Resultados: As mulheres apresentaram idade media mais elevada. Baixa superfície corpórea e dislipidemia foram mais prevalentes nas mulheres (1,65 vs 1,85, p<0,001: 53% vs 30%, p=0,001), enquanto história de tabagismo e infarto do miocárdio prévio foram mais prevalentes nos homens (35% vs 14,7%p=0,001; 20% vs 2,7%, p=0,007). Em relação às complicações no pós-operatório, houve maior taxa de transfusão de hemoderivados nas mulheres. A taxa de mortalidade geral foi de 5,6%, no entanto não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na mortalidade entre homens e mulheres. Foi observado que entre os pacientes que evoluíram para óbito a media da superfície corpórea era menor que a dos pacientes que evoluíram sem essa complicação. Conclusão: Não houve diferença de mortalidade entre os sexos após revascularização miocárdica neste serviço.