Tesi: "Municipal budgets – citizen participation"

1

Vincenc, Jakub. "Finanční analýza obce". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264673.

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Abstract (sommario):

This master`s thesis deals with the analysis of municipal budget in Jiřice since 2008 till 2015 and citizen participation in local government processes in general. The paper examines whether low citizen participation may decrease the benefits of decentralization processes. The work, according to the analysis of the municipal economy, concludes that some of the municipal documents have limited informational value, that it is complicated for citizens to understand the municipal economy, and finally that municipal economy in Jiřice is effective and observes public interests.

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2

Peron, Amanda Cristina Pasqualini. "A ação coletiva na elaboração do orçamento público municipal a partir da edição da lei de responsabilidade fiscal: Caso Quatro Barras (Paraná - Brasil)". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2665.

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A existência de uma estrutura democrática imbuída de requisitos, de instituições e de leis é espaço para reflexão não somente sobre questões relacionadas ao poder do voto, mas as de cunho extra-eleitoral, que se revelam em democracia participativa. No BrasilaConstituição de 1988 avigorou o princípio participativo, interessando para este estudo o orçamento participativo, preconizado pela Lei Complementar n° 101/2000. O recorte para a presente pesquisa incide sobre a ação coletiva na fase de implementação de políticas públicas, quando da elaboração da Lei Orçamentária Anual, à luz da teoria de Elinor Ostrom. A estudiosa defende a necessidade de criação de incentivos para a cooperação e de mecanismos de decisão conjunta no trato do recurso comum, indicando às instituições características desejáveis, designadas de Princípios deDesign, os quais, quando presentes, levariam a resultados positivos de gestão de recursos comuns. O estudo assenta-se na problemática do orçamento público, no Município de Quatro Barras, estado do Paraná, Brasil. O objetivo geral é o de avaliar a ação coletiva na elaboração de orçamento público do município em comento a partir da edição da Lei de Responsabilidade – 2000 a 2016. Em termos de classificação da pesquisa, quanto à sua natureza, pode ser enquadrada como básica. No que compete à forma de abordar o problema, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Assim, como principais resultados encontrados tem-seque a legislação trouxe a possibilidade (obrigatoriedade) de participação popular na elaboração do orçamento público municipal, e o arranjo institucional faz uso de mecanismos na tentativa de contemplar a legislação realizando audiências públicas, para as quais ocorre o chamado da população por intermédio da publicação em jornal oficial, de circulação diária, que contempla o local, o horário e a data em que ocorrerá a discussão das metas e prioridades para a Lei Orçamentária Anual. No entanto, o aporte teórico trazido indica que a ação coletiva no Município de Quatro Barras é uma pseudoparticipação e que a ausência do preenchimento das unidades de registro se traduz em ausência de ação coletiva.
The existence of a democratic structure within their own requirements, institutions and laws is a place for reflection not only on issues related with to the power of the popular vote, but also those out of election process at the democracy. After 1988 the Brazilian Constitution rised the people participation principle with participative budget, previewed by Complementary Law n. 101/2000. The following study focuses on collective action in the implementation phase of public policies at drafting the Annual Budget Law under the precepts of the Elinor Ostrom's theory. The author defends the need to create incentives for cooperation and joint decision-making mechanisms in the management of public resources, suggesting to the institutions the desirable characteristics called Design Principles which when present would lead to positive results of public resource management. This study is issued of the public budget in the Quatro Barras county, state of Paraná, Brazil. The general objective is to analyze the collective action to plan the public budget of the municipality following the edition of the Law of Responsibility - 2000 to 2016. In terms of the classification of the research its nature can be understood as basic. In what concerns about methodology and objective approach it is a qualitative research. Thus the main results found are that the legislation brought the possibility (obligatoriness) of popular participation in the county public budget planning. The institutional arrangement makes use of mechanisms in the attempt to contemplate the legislation doing public audiences for which it occurs the community call through notes at official newspaper of daily circulation, which mention the place, time and date in which the discussion of goals and priorities for the Annual Budget Law will occur. However, the theoretical contribution made indicates that the collective action in the Quatro Barras county is a false participation and that the absence of achievement of the registration units realize into an absence of collective action.

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3

Anders, Christian. "How to improve citizen participation in a municipal context with blockchain-based ICT". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78891.

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The master thesis focuses on citizen participation and how to support it with the application of ICT. Due to its recent publicity, blockchain and its features have been investigated and were related to the citizen participation domain. A qualitative research study has been conducted to explore the perceptions of citizens relating to blockchain. Based on those findings suggestions for improvement of citizen participation were provided. More specifically, a focus group interview has been conducted in the Swedish municipality of Växjö. Probes have been used to encourage the participants to follow unexpected thoughts to provide creative answers and to start a dialogue between the group and the researcher. The gathered data from the focus group interview was then analyzed with an iterative coding process. This process yielded a list of seven concepts which bundle the following aspects mentioned by the participants in the group interview: Accessibility, Flexibility and Responsiveness, Trust, Accountability vs Privacy, Adaption, Representation, and Collaboration. The concepts are referring to the use of blockchain in the context of citizen participation. They have been discussed later on, based on the contextual framework built on the topics ICT, blockchain, citizen participation, and soft systems methodology. A literature review was conducted to build this framework. The discussion summarizes how the citizens perceive blockchain and how it can support their participation within a municipality context. The perceptions include concerns relating to privacy, hopes of improved information infrastructures with open data formats, as well as that blockchain could modernize democracy. The forms of blockchain systems which could support citizen participation comprise aspects such as that it could lead to transparent and traceable investment flows for participative planning and controlling, as well as that it could help to identify bad players when collaborating with each other. In the last parts, issues of citizen empowerment are discussed as a result of the previous parts of the discussion about citizens' perceptions and the forms blockchain could have for them. This research aims to contribute to current research on citizen participation supported by ICT. It means to promote developments towards higher degrees of citizen power, by providing citizens' views on blockchain and the forms of participation it could support.

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4

Govender, Jayanathan P. "Citizen participation in the budget process in local government: a case study of the eThekwini Municipality". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_4136_1180443019.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study focused on participatory governance in the form of involvement of communities and community organisation in matters of local government in general, and citizens participation in the local budget process in particular. The study therefore aimed to assess the theoretical and policy framework for citizens participation in South Africa
and evaluated the perceptions of councillors and civics and ratepayer organisations on participation in the local budget process at the eThekwini Municipality.

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5

Mouton, Lorette. "A communication framework for public participation in municipal development initiatives". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49809.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: It is a reality that public participation processes in local government do not yield the outcomes that reveal a fully optimised process. Communication is the lifeblood of any development initiative (Swanepoel & De Beer, 1996:1) and is one way of breaking the isolation of people. By having the ability to communicate (i.e. to reach and to be reached) people can truly have a say in matters shaping their current and future reality. The objectives of this thesis were to explore the communication short falls hindering effective participation in local government, and also to provide a practical implementation framework aimed at guiding municipalities in communication with the view to enhance public participation. This was accomplished by way of a literature study and an analysis of the West Coast District (WCD) Communication and Participation Project (2003). In Chapter 1 the thesis topic was introduced and the background to the thesis, the research problem, the design and methodology, as well as the outline of the chapters was explained. In Chapter 2 the key concepts of this thesis were discussed and included sustainable. development, public participation and communication. This selection of concepts is justified by the argument that communication supports public participation, which will in turn promote sustainable development. A description of the WCD Project (2003) findings was provided in Chapter 3, which was followed by an analyses and interpretation of the WCD Project findings in Chapter 4. During the analyses a number of observations were made. Firstly, there is a distinct relationship between communication, public participation and sustainable development. Communication facilitates information sharing which supports informed decision-making during public participation. The latter in turn is vital in establishing sustainable development. Secondly, there should be distinguished between community communication and corporate communication. Dealing with the local community requires a unique approach to communication, which varies from the communication approach followed by the internal administration of the municipality. Thirdly, local communities should be consulted to identify and communicate their unique communication needs, issues and perspectives as they have unique knowledge of their own local challenges. These inputs from the community cause for powerful communication content and messages key to successful participation and to sustainable development. Fourthly, that the perceptions as expressed by community members, embody their unique and specific communication needs. By converting and translating community perceptions into community needs. positive motivation for public participation could be created. Based on the findings of the analyses and interpretation of the WCD Project findings, a communication framework aimed at enhancing participation was developed in Chapter 5. The framework focussed on guiding the implementation of communication and participation when embarking on development initiatives.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is 'n realiteit dat openbare deelname prosesse in plaaslike regering nie die uitkomste wat sprekend is van 'n optimale. proses lewer nie. Kommunikasie is die lewensaar van enige ontwikkelingsinisiatief (Swanepoel & De Beer, 1996:1) en word beskou as een manier om die isolasie van mense verbreek. Deur die vermoë te hê om te kan kommunikeer (om uit te reik en bereik te kan word), kan mense werklik seggenskap hê in aangeleenthede wat hul huidige en toekomstige realiteit beïnvloed. Die doelwitte van hierdie tesis was om die kommunikasie tekortkominge wat effektiewe deelname in plaaslike regering verhinder te ondersoek en ook om 'n praktiese implementeringsraamwerk wat daarop gemik is om munisipalitieite te lei rakende kommunikasie, met die oog daarop om openbare deelname te bevorder. Dit is bereik deur middel van 'n literatuurstudie en 'n analise van die Weskus Distrik (WD) Kommunikasie en Deelname Projek (2003). In Hoofstuk 1 was die tesis onderwerp bekend gestel en die agtergrond van die tesis, die navorsingsprobleem, die onderwerp sowel as die raamwerk van die hoofstukke is verduidelik. In Hoofstuk 2 is die sleutel konsepte van die tesis bespreek wat volhoudbare ontwikkeling, openbare deelname en kommunikasie ingesluit het. Hierdie seleksie van konsepte word geregverdig deur die argument dat kommunikasie openbare deelname stimuleer, wat beurtelings volhoudbare ontwikkeling sal bevorder. 'n Beskrywing van die WD Projek bevindinge (2003) is in Hoofstuk 3 verskaf, en word gevolg deur 'n analise en interpretasie van die WK Projek bevindinge in Hoofstuk 4. Gedurende die analise van die WD Projek bevindinge is 'n aantal waarnemings gemaak. Eerstens, is daar 'n betekenende verhouding tussen kommunikasie, openbare deelname en volhoudbare ontwikkeling. Kommunikasie fassiliteer die meedeel van informasie wat beurtelings ingeligde besluitneming tydens openbare deelname bevorder. Laasgenoemde is krities in die vestiging van volhoudbare ontwikkeling. Tweedens, moet daar 'n onderskeid getref word tussen gemeenskap kommunikasie en korporatiewe organisasie. Om met die gemeenskap te werk vereis 'n unieke benadering tot kommunikasie, wat verskil van die kommunikasie benadering wat gevolg word tydens munisipale administrasie. Derdens, plaaslike gemeenskappe behoort meer gekonsulteer te word om hul unieke kommunikasie behoeftes te identifiseer en te kan kommunikeer, omdat hulle kennis het van hul eie unieke plaaslike uitdagings. Hierdie insette van die gemeenskap dra by tot kragtige kommunikasie inhoud en boodskappe wat 'n sleutel rol speel in suksesvolle deelname en in volhoudbare ontwikkeling. Vierdens, dat die persepsies soos beskryf deur gemeenskap lede, hul unieke en spesifieke kommunikasie behoeftes vergestalt. Deur die gemeenskap persepsies om te skakel in gemeenskap behoeftes, sal positiewe motivering rakende openbare deelname geskep' kan word. Op grond van die bevindinge rakende die analise en interpretasie van die WK Projek bevindinge, is 'n kommunikasie raamwerk wat gemik is op die verbetering van deelname ontwikkel in Hoofstuk 5. Die raamwerk is ingestel daarop om leiding te gee rakende die implementering van kommunikasie en deelname.

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6

Hentschel, Valerie. "Empowering Civic Engagement in Energy Concepts : Design Implications for Citizen Participation". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medieteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41587.

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Abstract (sommario):

The threat of global warming calls for a major transformation of the energy system in the coming century. A positive and effective outcome of the development and implementation of municipal energy concepts relies heavily on public participation. Based on user research through qualitative interviews and an online questionnaire in Germany, this paper presents design implications regarding digital participatory technology for municipal energy concepts. The findings include reduction of barriers to enable participation, encouragement of discussion and debate, monitoring the progress and providing feedback. The proposed implications aim to increase public participation for municipal energy concepts and motivate citizens towards a more sustainable lifestyle. Further work is needed to validate if the design implications entirely fulfill their purpose.

Självständigt Examensarbete (Forskningsartikel)

Independent Master's Thesis (Research article)

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7

Fuku, Mzwamadoda. "An evaluation of public participation on service delivery at Lukhanji Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1016495.

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After 1994, the democratic South Africa passed a number of legislations in order to address the imbalances of the previous apartheid regime. The new South African government had a special mandate to provide appropriate services to all the citizens of the country. In 1995 the government formulated the White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service. The aim was to transform the South African public service, which is the indication of the importance of service delivery, as the key machinery of the government to equalize service delivery to all citizens. In 1996, the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa anchored the Bill of Rights as the cornerstone of democracy that enshrines the rights of all people and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and freedom. Chapter ten of the Constitution stipulates the basic values and principles governing public administration. The South African Government has developed a wide range of legislation that ensures that communities are consulted on a continuous basis with regard to how services need to be rendered. Communities have a right to be consulted and to give input into issues affecting them. Public consultation as envisaged in the South African legislation has, however, not yielded the desired results which is evident in the spate of service delivery protests over poor or non-service delivery. Section 152(1) (e) of the constitution stipulates amongst others, promotes involvement of communities and community organisations in the matters of local government. Section 73 of the Municipal Structures Act (no.117 of 1998) also requires municipalities to establish ward committees in a manner that seeks to enhance participatory democracy at the local level. The study therefore is to check that decision-makers at the Chris Hani Municipality understand the consequences of their decisions before they act and people affected get the opportunity to participate in designing their future.

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8

Messer, William Barry. "Portland's Multifamily Recycling Program: a Study of Coproduction Policy Implementation and Citizen Involvement". PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1194.

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This study is on coproduction as a governing policy instrument. Coproduction can be understood as the joint production of services by local officials and individual citizens intended to raise the quality and or amount of service provision. The concept of coproduction as developed in this study suggests that urban services are not simply created by officials and delivered to a passive public. Rather that actions of citizens are an integral part of the service production process. The study purposes are two-fold: (1) to construct a model of coproduction which provides a basis by which citizen involvement in the provision of public services can be fully understood and appreciated; and (2) to examine the usefulness of this model by using it to frame and guide evaluative research on a specific program which targets coproductive participation of citizens. The research examined efforts to implement a program to encourage recycling by residents in multifamily complexes in the City of Portland by involving the direct participation of the managers of the complexes. The research conducted in this study addressed both the inputs and outcomes of citizen involvement in coproduction. Findings of this research are suggestive of the potential importance of both inclusion and volition to furthering citizen involvement in the coproductive process. The level of citizen involvement in producing the programmatic outcomes was by most measures demonstrated to be very important. The results of the investigation in demonstrating the importance of involvement in coproduced programs in generating broader levels of community awareness and involvement, however, were not as conclusive. The model of coproduction developed in this study provides a potentially useful conceptualization of the process and outcomes of coproduction. The empirical investigation provides an assessment of the nature and strength of the relationship between citizen involvement and the coproductive process in the case of Portland's multifamily recycling program. Both the economic and civic considerations of coproduction which were specified and measured in the research contribute to a number of observations about coproduction as a policy instrument leading to several policy recommendations for programs which are built on citizen involvement.

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9

de, Vries Stephen. "Enhancing participatory democracy: in municipal affairs through the ward committee system: A participatory monitoring and evaluation approach". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6522.

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Magister Administrationis - MAdmin
Local government is a key point of service delivery and is the sphere where most people interface with government. A good relationship with communities at local government level is therefore critical. Ward committees were designed to improve the relationship between citizens and municipalities and to give effect to the constitutional obligations of municipalities, to provide democratic government and to involve citizens in the affairs of local government. The establishment of ward committees has been met with great enthusiasm by local communities, as a platform to engage with municipalities. National government and provincial governments were key drivers in this project , with support to municipalities in the establishment of ward committee. This endeavour was intended to facilitate better relationships and cooperation between council and its communities. This objective of this research study was to explore whether participatory democracy can be enhanced through a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach within the current ward committee system. The main research question was whether ward committees could be utilised as effective instruments for participatory monitoring and evaluation of municipal service? The sub-questions were: what is the theoretical and legal framework for ward committees; what was the status of ward committee in Knysna Municipality; what were the challenges of the ward committee system; is there a role for ward committees in participatory monitoring and evaluation; and were there recommendations for the involvement of ward committees in participatory, monitoring and evaluation and improvement of the efficacy of ward committees? The study arose out of continuous service delivery protests by communities because of the dissatisfaction with the state of municipal services. Secondly, various research studies have found that, despite national, provincial and local government support programmes for ward committees, the majority remain ineffective and inefficient, and the social distance between communities and municipalities is growing. The lack of communication and the non-responsiveness of municipalities were found to be some of the main causes for the ineffectiveness of ward committees. Key theorists suggest that some of these protests would not occur if effective monitoring and evaluation are institutionalised and communities are involved in monitoring and evaluation. A participatory approach for monitoring and evaluation was therefore examined within the local government legislative framework of South Africa. A qualitative research method was chosen, using a case study design. The case study design was chosen because such studies do not attempt to make any generalisations in term of the results or that it will be similar in another case study. This study was focussed on exploring and understanding the issue. Primary data was collected through interviews and focus groups with ward committee members, ward councillors and municipal officials. Key findings gave emphasis to challenges of lack of communication, non-responsiveness of municipalities and contestation from other community-based organisations that had a negative impact on the credibility and authority of ward committees. The effectiveness of the municipal performance management system as a monitoring and evaluation tool was also questioned in the findings. The significance or value of the study lies in the finding that willingness for participatory monitoring and evaluation exists as does the insight into the status of municipal performance management systems. Recommendations are made for delegating monitoring and evaluation functions to ward committees. Further investigations into modalities for participatory or result-based monitoring and evaluation, as well as the impact of financial and audit driven performance management system are recommended.

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10

Pule, Banguxolo. "An examination of public participation in decision-making within the IDP processes with reference to Mhlontlo Local Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019746.

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Public Participation is widely accepted as a way to strengthen the pillars of democratic and accountable governance. In South Africa, public participation is receiving prominence and increasing attention especially at local government level as this level is regarded as the sphere of government closest to the people. The new democratic government in South Africa regards public participation as a cornerstone of democracy. Ackerman (2004:448) asserts that the opening up of the core activities of the state to societal participation is one of the most effective ways to improve accountability and governance. Such accountability and involvement can be better achieved when communities are part of decision making processes in their communities. In South Africa, public participation was heralded by various pieces of legislations which obligated the public to participate and have a say in the decisions taken by their communities. Section 152 of the constitution: Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act No 108 of 1996) requires local authority to “encourage the involvement of local communities and community organizations in matters of local government” Informed by the broad principles of the Constitution, the White Paper on Local Government 1998 introduced the notion of developmental local government. According to this Paper, “developmental local government is defined as local government that is committed to working with citizens and groups within the community to find sustainable ways to meet their social, economic and material needs and improve the quality of their lives”. It is through the process of public participation that citizens are given the opportunity to provide input and partake in decision making on service delivery and governance matters of their municipalities. It is widely acknowledged that active public participation is evidence of deepened democracy and can assist municipalities in i) enhancing service delivery ii) making government and officials more effective and accountable and most importantly involve the communities in decisions affecting their lives and communities. By and large, community involvement through public participatory systems ensures that municipalities incorporate the developmental needs of the people. Theseneeds are expressed and consolidated in municipal integrated development plans. To realise the above, the White Paper on Local Government 1998 suggests that “municipalities should develop mechanisms to ensure citizen participation in policy initiation and formulation, and the 3 monitoring and evaluation of decision-making and implementation”. As outlined above various laws gave a new meaning and a legitimised mandate to the role of local communities in the development of their communities. Informed by the above, this study examines the extent to which public participation influences decision making within the IDP processes and by association its impact on service delivery. This study is premised on the widely accepted view that public participation is a process involving the community or the public to gather opinions, investigate the needs, desires and wishes of the local community and to ensure that they as the community are involved in the decision making processes of their municipality. The study is of the view that the IDP processes represent a structured vehicle to enable citizens and groups to influence decision making through institutionalised municipal participatory structures. By so doing, the public and the government form a pact/partnership to ensure that the needs and aspirations of the community receive priority in the IDP processes.

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11

Memela, Siyabonga Ezra. "Public participation in local government municipalities in South Africa between 2006 and 2011 : lessons from Hibiscus Coast Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018176.

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Abstract (sommario):

There is an on-going debate in South Africa whether municipalities are an effective vehicle for deepening participatory democracy or not. Due to serious backlogs on services, the role of municipalities has largely been reduced to service delivery, to the detriment and total neglect of fundamental functions of local government. These are (Act 200, 1996):(a) To provide democratic and accountable government for local communities;(b) To ensure the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner;(c) To promote social and economic development;(d) To promote a safe and healthy environment; and (e) To encourage the involvement of communities and community organisations in the matters of local government. On the other hand Haveri, Stenvall & Majoinen (2011) argue that if the municipalities are a government sphere closest to the people, they are therefore best placed to, and should, lead and support the deepening of participatory democracy, what they call self-government. As the debate rages on, there are indications that most of thechallenges that face the municipalities are related to the distance that has been developing between municipal institutions and the citizens.

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12

Selin, Emma. "Sustainable municipal solid waste management: A qualitative study on possibilities and solutions in Mutomo, Kenya". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-81565.

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This report investigates the possibilities and solutions for a sustainable municipal solid waste management in the community of Mutomo, situated in Kitui County, Kenya. The aim was to formulate an action plan to start reaching for a sustainable development in the waste sector, with citizen participation. Specific research questions were to find requests and ideas from the community members. Also, how the Swedish solid waste management system is built up in order to find potential good examples. Qualitative methods for data collection were used both in-depth interviews and focus group discussions conducted. Data collection was done with the help of an interpreter; interviewing guides and a recording device were used. The data was transcribed and thematic analysis done using NVivo. The interviews and discussions resulted in many requests and ideas regarding solid waste management. In brief; a legal dumping site, health education of the advantages of managing waste and the disadvantages if not, increase of public dustbins, increase of people employed for waste collection, an organized system for trade of waste and improved future planning of the town by the local authorities. To conclude, if a sustainable development within the waste sector is to be initiated, the local authorities have to take action and shoulder their responsibility. Improved collaboration between them and the public health office, community members and private stakeholders is essential. The proposed action plan is a good tool to use when initiating this work and would be created through co-operation with residents in Mutomo.

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13

Bond, Matthew R. "The Power of Municipal Development Plans: An Examination of Their Relevance and Impact in Guatemala". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31000.

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Abstract (sommario):

Although decentralization is a common ingredient of the third wave of democracy currently underway in Latin America, few investigations have been conducted on the tools used to prepare local actors for increased responsibility. This study begins to fill that void. It examines the ability of municipal development plans (MDP) to effectively achieve the goals that underlay their formulation and, consequently, promote decentralization within Guatemala.

Over the course of my service in the Peace Corps I witnessed and participated in the formulation of various MDPs. This experience provided the foundation for this research. I interviewed representatives of the three organizations most actively involved in the formulation of MDPs and a number of local participants including mayors, community leaders, representatives of community-based organizations, governmental and non-governmental organizations.

This research demonstrates that municipal development plans are an effective tool for the promotion of decentralization. Despite this, the research reveals that the short and medium-term relevance of each process employed in the formulation of MDPs depends on which actor groups are focused upon.

These findings focus attention on the value of formulating MDPs. Although it is impossible to gauge long-term effectiveness at this time, it is apparent that the process of MDP formulation helps to create higher expectations of government by citizens, increases the capacity of local government to effectively assume increasing levels of responsibility, and enhances governance structures at the local level.
Master of Urban and Regional Planning

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14

Sado, Davis Greg. "An assessment of local participation within the decentralised framework: a case of Lilongwe District Council". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/375.

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The research analyses local participation as it is implemented within the Lilongwe District Council. The study explores decentralisation in the council by examining important facets that contribute to good local governance with a special interest in local participation. The study finds that while local participation is a recognized feature in the decentralisation policy, lack of proper involvement and integration has limited the efficacy of local participation. The neglect of government in conducting local government elections to have ward councillors in place is brought to the fore as a major setback to the implementation of decentralisation reforms. The study therefore notes that decentralisation must not be seen as just a policy goal, with the aim of shifting development to the communities, but as a policy instrument which aims to improve local democracy, efficiency and effectiveness in the provision of social services. In order to achieve this, the study proposes five key recommendations and a proposed model for the attainment of good governance in the Council.

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15

Yekani, Babalo. "Enhancing public participation in the integrated development planning process: a case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8989.

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Abstract (sommario):

The aim of the study is to investigate effective strategies and processes for public participation in the IDP process in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. A qualitative study was undertaken and literature review on public participation in terms of the Integrated Development Planning was conducted. Relevant secondary data was sourced and structured interviews were conducted with three (3) ward councillors in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipal. Focus group interviews were also conducted with ward committee members from three (3) wards in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. The findings of this research indicate that ward councilors have limited information on administrative processes. This could lead to ward councillors not be able to provide feedback on various service delivery issues and the progress of the municipal projects. Also ward councillors may not be able to influence public participation if they do not understand their role in administrative processes such as monitoring implementation of council decisions and policies. Ward councillors have no influence on the Integrated Development Planning especially the cost and budget estimates for municipal projects which are intended to benefit the members of the community. On the basis of the key findings, recommendations were made that ward committees should be empowered to deal with the complex developments in the Integrated Development Planning process and ward councillors should play a leading role in the Integrated Development Planning process.

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16

Helao, Tuhafeni. "The role of regional councillors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in the Oshana region of Namibia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study examined the role of regional councilors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in Namibia, with specific reference to the Oshana region. The research includes a case study that assessed the degree and the extent to which consultation and communication takes place between regional councilors and community members at constituency level in the region. It also examined the inevitability of consultation and communication concerning basic services provision such as water and electricity in the Oshana region.

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17

Maphazi, Nondumiso. "A critical analysis of the role of public participation in governance and service delivery with specific reference to the Buffalo City Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012147.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study undertook a critical analysis of the role of public participation in local governance and service delivery, with specific reference to the Buffalo City Municipality. The main aims of the study were to identify possible deficiencies in public participation processes, the development of strategies to enhance public participation, the development of mechanisms to ensure coordinated, integrated and focused public participation initiatives and the development of a normative model for improved public participation. The triangulation research methodology was employed with emphasis on the quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The sample comprised of councillors, officials and ward committee members. Questionnaires, with open and closed questions, were employed for the councillors and focus group interviews were conducted with ward committee members. Statistical procedures were utilised to interpret and analyse the quantitative data to determine the results using the Statistica package for data analysis. The qualitative data analysis involved thematic content analysis. Findings suggest that the current public participation strategies are inadequate. The correlation of results further reveals that a significant negative relationship exists between the councillors, officials and ward committee members. Despite various legislative prescriptions pertaining to public participation requirements in local government, the results imply that the Buffalo City Municipality has not fully complied with such prescriptions and national policy directives. The thesis proposes specific recommendations on how the Buffalo City Municipality can address the current short comings in terms of its public participation programmes and strategies. Recommendations include the establishment of a centralised Public Participation Unit, the empowerment of ward committee members and ward councillors, adequate resource allocation for ward committees, enhanced coordination between the various community structures, improved interaction with local communities, enhanced public participation initiatives and the need for additional anti-fraud and anti-corruption strategies within the municipality. A normative model, for enhanced public participation in local government, is also proposed in the thesis.

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18

Callow, Kathleen Ann. "The public hearing process : public participation in municipal planning : a case study of the Terra Nova lands decision, Richmond, B.C". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29924.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis is a case study of the Terra Nova lands decision in the Township of Richmond, B.C. which analyses the use of public hearings as a means of public participation in the municipal rezoning aspect of the planning process. A literature review of democratic theories indicated that there is no single accepted theory of democracy or the role of public participation within a democratic society. Classical democratic theory, likened to participatory democracy, outlines the need for widespread public participation in the decision-making process while contemporary democratic theorists critize this as unrealistic in a modern society. Instead, contemporary theorists stress that the role of the public is to create an elected representative government that will decide issues on their behalf. Representative democracy is described according to four principles including: popular control, political equality, effective choice, and majority rule. Public participation in the planning process represents a movement along the democratic continuum from participatory to representative democracy towards a more participatory form of governing. Although the public hearing process has traditionally been viewed as a legitimate means to involve the public in the planning process, it is increasingly being questionned as appropriate. The Terra Nova rezoning public hearings were analysed using the evaluative framework of Glasser, Manty, and Nehman based on six communication characteristics and six participation objectives. The data was collected from the results of interviews with twelve key participants using a pre-designed questionnaire. It was concluded that the Terra Nova public hearing process was inherently flawed in its attempt to provide meaningful public participation in the municipal planning process and also that preceptual differences among the participants accounted for their dissatisfaction with the public hearing process. It was also concluded that the Terra Nova public hearings must be viewed in an historical and political context which indicated that the decision to develop the Terra Nova lands had been made prior to the rezoning hearings with the adoption of the Official Community Plan and that the municipal council members were firmly split along political lines in favour of and opposed to development on the Terra Nova lands. The analysis, however, did not provide a conclusive answer regarding the appropriateness of the public hearings as a means for public participation in the planning process. The answer to this question rests on an individual's position on the continuum of democracy between representation and participation. Nevertheless, recommendations can be made to enhance or supplement the public hearing process to overcome the inherent flaws and perceptual differences thus moving public participation in the municipal planning process closer to participatory democracy. These suggestions include local area planning initiatives and the use of an independent, non-political, rezoning commission.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate

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19

Ngqele, Sandile Wiseman. "An investigation of ward committees as a means for structured public participation: the case of the Knysna local municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1143.

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This study investigated the effectiveness of Ward Committees in co-ordinating and facilitating authentic public participation processes at local government levels. This study focused specifically on the Knysna Local Municipality. Before 1994 the majority of South Africans had never had the vote, and therefore, had not had the opportunity of participating in South Africa’s governance and administration (Hilliard and Kemp, 1999:40). In this governance system, local government was the lowest tier of government in a strict hierarchical structure; and it had no constitutional standing of its own, but derived its powers from the two superior tiers of government, namely national and provincial. The local government elections of 5 December 2000 in South Africa provided municipalities with a historic opportunity to transform local government to meet the needs of the country for the next century. The local government transformation process (in tandem with the demarcation process that established the new municipal boundaries) introduced more developmental responsibilities to municipalities. In addition, this further implied that local government became an autonomous sphere of government with its own original powers and a broad developmental mandate. This had profound implications for local governance. An important element of the current local government system is the promotion of local democracy and participation in local governance. Public participation is an integral part of local democracy and is a legislative requirement for the local community to be drawn into the v municipal processes through inter alia: Integrated Development Planning (IDP), budgeting, performance management and Ward Committees. Although the ‘old’ South African local government system did not have an extensive history in ensuring a culture of actively engaging communities in developmental issues, the IDP under a Developmental Local Government (DLG) system now presents a framework through which such a culture can be established. The Ward Committees in particular, play a critical role in linking community needs with municipal planning processes. In South African local government the commitment to public participation is reflected in a host of laws and policy documents (namely the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 2000 (Act 32 of 2000), Local Government: Municipal Structures Act 1998 (Act 117 of 1998), the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa , 1996). These laws and policies are intended to be realised through development initiatives that require formal participatory processes and institutions in local governance. Since 2001 Ward Committees have emerged as a key institutional mechanism intended to contribute towards bringing about people-centred, participatory and democratic local governance. The rationale for Ward Committees is to supplement the roles of the elected Ward Councillors by creating a link between communities and the political and administrative structures of municipalities. These Ward Committees have been established in the majority of wards in municipalities across the country in line with the vi requirements of the Local Government: Municipal Structures Act,1998 (Act 117 of 1998) which stipulates that: Only metropolitan and local municipalities of certain types may have Ward Committees. The main objective of the study was to investigate the overall functioning of Ward Committees within the Knysna Local Municipality and to determine their impact on democratic local governance thus far. The study will carry out an investigation into the effectiveness of Ward Committees: whether they are useful conduits for public participation in local governance; whether they are inherently capable of playing the critical role expected of them; and whether they actually create opportunities for real power-sharing between the Knysna Local Municipality and its communities. The study’s main objective stated above was achieved by breaking it down into realisable objectives, namely: • A brief background of the Knysna Local Municipality, and in particular, an outline of its institutional arrangements and its Ward Committees in general. • An evaluation of the theoretical and legislative framework of public participation and the Ward Committee System in local government. • An analysis of the practical performance of Ward Committees in the Knysna Local Municipality and to provide a research report on the empirical findings. • Recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of Ward Committees at local government levels in general, and in particular, in the Knysna Local Municipality. The hypothetical position of this study was that the maximum utilisation of Ward Committees as a means for public participation processes at local government levels, specifically in the Knysna Local Municipality, could improve communication between local municipalities and the public. Furthermore, this would also contribute towards the speedy delivery of services to communities, as Ward Committees could serve as the Local Municipality’s strategic partners in Council’s projects. Ward Committees should therefore be utilised to enhance a constructive interaction between a municipality and its local community. This position was premised on the fact that authentic and empowering participation can be established at local government levels if Ward Committees act as a foundation for development and Ward Committee Members as development change agents in their respective wards

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20

Jakatyana, Xolile Christopher. "An investigation of the role of selected ward committees in enhancing basic service delivery: the case of Buffalo City Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1256.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study investigated the role of selected ward committees 29 and 32 of Nompumelelo and Tsholomnqa respectively in the Buffalo City Municipality (BCM) in enhancing basic service delivery. In terms of the White Paper on Local Government (1998:4), developmental local government promotes a system that centres on working with local communities to find sustainable ways to meet their needs and improve the quality of their lives. The study on that basis examines the nature and extent to which wards 29 and 32 committees enhanced basic service delivery within BCM. The study is premised on the assumptions that: The involvement of party-elected Councillors in ward committees inhibits members of ward committees from playing an active role in their communities; Ward committees are not clearly communicating municipality programmes to their communities; BCM is biased in favour of urban wards in service delivery; If the committees of wards 29 and 32 were given more powers to play a much wider role in providing leadership and make decisions in their communities (being elevated from an advisory role to ward management structures), they would make an impact in enhancing basic service delivery; and, With additional decision-making powers ward committees could play a more effective role in local government matters. The perceived slow pace of service delivery by municipalities has resulted in growing impatience and dissatisfaction, in particular among poor communities. This has been demonstrated by the spontaneous protests and unrests directed at municipalities that have been taking place nationally since 2003. The uprisings explain two aspects, namely local government is considered by communities to be the delivery arm of government in South Africa and poor communities feel betrayed because their active participation in government-provided spaces for participation such as municipal elections, ward committees and IDPs did not yield the result of promised development (Theron, 2008:36). iv The study employed the qualitative research design using an interview survey as a method of data collection and the reviewing of existing study material and documents to test the validity of the afore-mentioned assumptions. Lastly, with the aim of assisting BCM in nurturing the potential of ward committees operating in its area of jurisdiction, the following recommendations based on the findings of the study are made: BCM considers subjecting ward committees to structured formal and accredited training; BCM delivers services in a legally compliant manner; BCM delegates sufficient powers to ward committees; Ward committees be trained together with officials that drive the CBP process when BCM starts implementing the process; and, BCM provides support to ward committees.

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21

Arends, Darrin. "An assessment of the effectiveness of public consultation: the case study of selected ward committees in the Northern Bay Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1535.

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Abstract (sommario):

Since 1994, the South African local government has been obligated to consult with its citizenry in respect of the processes of relating to service delivery. The South African Government has developed a wide range of legislation that ensures that communities are consulted on a continuous basis with regard to how services need to be rendered. Communities have a right to be consulted and to give input into issues affecting them. Public consultation as envisaged in the South African legislation has, however, not yielded the desired results which is evident in the spate of service delivery protests over poor or non service delivery. Therefore, this study seeks to analyse the effectiveness and efficiency of pubic consultation in the Northern Areas of the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The researcher used qualitative research methods since it would provide the reader with more insight into how public consultation is implemented in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The communities, senior municipal officials, and councillors have been interviewed in a structured manner and a content analysis has been made of the minutes of the ward committees in the Northern Areas, the annual reports of the Municipality’s Oversight Committee and a range of other reading material. A number of findings has been made during this research project with the most pertinent being the non-compliance to certain sections of legislation by the Municipality. The communities in the Northern Areas generally felt that efficient and effective public consultation would reduce the number of service delivery protests in that part of the Municipality. A number of interventions need to be made by the political leadership with regard to public consultation and more resources need to be committed towards those processes.

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22

Nekwaya, Joel Hishi. "Assessing community participation in development planning and service delivery : a case study of the Omusati Regional Council". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1974.

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Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
Community participation is a concept adopted to ensure participation and give opportunities to communities to determine their own destination in terms of their needs. It is a means of empowering people by developing their skills and abilities to enable them to negotiate with the development delivery system and to equip them to make their own decisions in terms of their development needs and priorities. The aim of the study is to asses community participation in the development planning and service delivery system by the Omusati Regional Council. As a government institution at the grass root level, it has a task to deliver required basic services through development programmes and projects. Interviews and participatory observation, including project visits were the methods used to collect information on the implementation of community participation in the decision making processes, and project implementation by the Omusati Regional Council. The study is structured into six chapters. Chapter 1 deals with the general introduction, background to the study, the statement of the problem, the hypothesis, objective of the study, perceptions, research methodology, significance of the study and organisation of the study. Chapter 2 discusses the theory and philosophy of community participation. It conceptualizes the key terms of community participation in development planning, such as sustainable development, integrated development planning and projects, decentralised development and the building block of development integrated rural development, basic service delivery and indigenous knowledge systems. Chapter 3 highlights the policy framework on community participation in terms of international, national and regional development planning policy documents. Chapter 4 is concerned with the local context of study (Omusati Regional Council), while Chapter 5 presents the data results, interpretation and analysis. Chapter 6 reflects the conclusion and the way forward.

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23

Ahn, Michael Ji-Sung. "The role of political environment and the adoption of new information technology for citizen participation and communication by United States municipal government". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available, full text:, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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24

Dywili, Siyanda. "The role of public participation in the integrated development planning process: Chris Hani District Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14983.

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Abstract (sommario):

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, in Chapter 7, requires all municipalities to encourage members of the public to participate in the matters of local government. Public participation is the process by which public concerns, needs, and values are integrated into governmental and corporate decision making. The Integrated Development Plan is an example of local government instruments which seek public participation in order to address community needs through service delivery. Consequently, this study was to explore the role of public participation in the Integrated Development Planning process of the Chris Hani District Municipality. The main objectives of this study were to understand the IDP making process, establish the importance of public participation, understand the role played by the municipality to encourage public participation in the IDP processes, understand the influence of IDP in service delivery and to make recommendations based on the findings presented. To conduct this study, qualitative research methodology was employed. The population sample comprised of councillors and municipal officials. Structured interviews were conducted with the councillors, while semi-structured interviews were held with municipal officials. The findings of the study revealed that the Chris Hani District Municipality views public participation as an integral part of the IDP making process. Measures and strategies are taken by the municipality to enhance public involvement in all matters of the municipality, including the IDP process. To achieve this the municipality partners with a number of stakeholders such as the local municipalities, government departments and organised groups. However, this is not enough hence recommendations are presented to improve this situation. Recommendations proposed include introducing capacity building programmes for councillors, establishment of a public participation unit, availing budget for public participation and educating members of the public about public participation and the IDP process.

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25

Rodrigues, EniziÃ Paiva Weyne. "Plano Municipal de SaÃde de Fortaleza: Uma AnÃlise sob o Enfoque da ParticipaÃÃo CidadÃ (2001-2004)". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4373.

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AgÃncia Nacional do PetrÃleo
A presente dissertaÃÃo refere-se ao Plano Municipal de SaÃde de Fortaleza, por meio de uma anÃlise sob o enfoque da participaÃÃo cidadÃ, no perÃodo de 2001 a 2004. A grande meta da saÃde foi assegurar a municipalizaÃÃo, com a configuraÃÃo de um Sistema Municipal de SaÃde, permitindo, em um primeiro momento, a implantaÃÃo de vÃrios serviÃos e programas de atenÃÃo bÃsica, e o fortalecimento das aÃÃes de vigilÃncia, e posteriormente a ampliaÃÃo da oferta de atenÃÃo especializada e a reorientaÃÃo da atenÃÃo hospitalar. Priorizou-se oferecer uma assistÃncia integral que pudesse dar cobertura Ã maioria absoluta das famÃlias do MunicÃpio. O Plano Municipal de SaÃde (2001 - 2004) teve como premissas a mudanÃa na estratÃgia de intervenÃÃo sobre os problemas de saÃde com a reorientaÃÃo do modelo assistencial e a descentralizaÃÃo das aÃÃes de saÃde. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturada voltadas Ã populaÃÃo usuÃria dos serviÃos prestados no Hospital Distrital Gonzaga Mota â Barra do CearÃ, como tambÃm aos gestores e profissionais da saÃde, incluindo um tÃcnico responsÃvel pela elaboraÃÃo do referido plano e um ex-membro do Conselho Municipal de SaÃde do municÃpio de Fortaleza, referente Ã gestÃo de 2001 a 2004. Conclui-se que, este trabalho aponta alguns avanÃos importantes na medida em que as tentativas de superaÃÃo do modelo proposto, embora seja visÃvel a fragilidade exposta no Plano Municipal de SaÃde.
The present dissertation mentions the Municipal Plan to it of Health of Fortaleza, by means of an analysis under the approach of the participation citizen, in the period of 2001 and 2004. The great goal of the health was to assure the municipalizaÃÃo, with the configuration of a Municipal System of Health, allowing, at a first moment, the implantation of some services and programs of basic attention, and the fortalecimento of the actions of monitoring, and later the magnifying of offers of specialized attention and the reorientation of the hospital attention. It was prioritized to offer an integral assistance that could give covering to the absolute majority of the families of the City. The Municipal Plan of Health (2001 - 2004) had as premises the change in the intervention strategy on the problems of health with the reorientation of the assistencial model and the decentralization of the actions of health. Interviews half-structuralized come back to the using population of the services given in the District Hospital Gonzaga Mota - Bar of the CearÃ, as well as to the managers and professionals of the health had been applied, including for the former-member and one responsible technician elaboration related plain of the City council of Health of the city of Fortaleza, referring to the 2001 and 2004. One concludes that, this work points some important advances in the measure where the attempts of overcoming of the considered, either even so visible model the fragility displayed in the Municipal Plan of Health.

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26

Pairazamán, Díaz Pedro Hernando. "Participação cidadã e controle social: a experiência do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Salvador – Bahia". Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, 2008. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/15226.

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Os conselhos municipais de saúde no Brasil constituem-se como uma importante estratégia de democratização do setor, onde a participação cidadã e o controle social permanecem ao horizonte da Reforma Sanitária. Observa-se, na última década, uma vasta produção de estudos que envolvem os referidos conselhos. Como parte deste tipo de experiências o Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Salvador (CMSS), objeto desta investigação, precisa ser revisto historicamente com a finalidade de observar o desenvolvimento deste como espaço para fortalecimento de participação cidadã na formulação, execução e controle social das políticas públicas desta área. A originalidade da presente investigação radica na periodização aqui adotada, sendo que o CMSS foi estudado desde sua criação em 1987 até 2006. Trata-se de um estudo de caso do tipo descritivo. Utilizou-se para este propósito 206 atas das reuniões do referido Conselho. Para ter uma maior facilidade na analise dos dados produzidos no trabalho de campo, o estudo foi dividido em seis períodos que estavam de acordo com as mudanças na gestão municipal. Os resultados apontam na direção de que a participação cidadã e o controle social exercido pelo CMSS desenvolvem-se de forma heterogênea nas diferentes etapas do seu funcionamento. As análises feitas neste estudo sugerem que a pesar de se manter as velhas estruturas sociais e políticas na gestão à saúde, o desenvolvimento da participação do segmento dos usuários está associado à autonomia do CMSS perante o Poder Executivo municipal. Finalmente, pode-se concluir que o CMSS pode-se constituir como uma importante arena para desenvolver um processo de luta em favor da ruptura com os padrões hegemônicos vigentes, vinculado ao processo político brasileiro de democratização, em especial da Reforma Sanitária.
The municipal health councils in Brazil are an important strategy for democratization of this sector, where civic participation and social control remain in the horizon of the Brazilian Sanitary Reform (RSB). In the last decade, a vast production of cross-sectional studies that involve mentioned councils. As part of this kind of experience the Health City Council of Salvador de Bahia (CMSS), the subject of this investigation, be reviewed historically accurate for the purpose of observing its development as an area for the strengthening of citizen participation in the formulation, implementation and monitoring social public policies in this area. The particularity of this research lies in the temporary cuts adopted here, and the CMSS studied since its inception in 1987 to 2006 and divided into six periods in accordance with changes in municipal management. This is a descriptive study, which was used as a methodological strategy case study. We used for this purpose 206 minutes of the meetings of that council. The results pointed in the direction of participation and social control exercised by the CMSS took place in a heterogeneous at different stages of its operation. The analyzes in this study suggest that despite maintaining the old social and political structures in the management of health in Salvador, the development of participation segment of users is associated with autonomy CMSS front of the municipal executive. Finally, we conclude that the CMSS is constituted as an important arena to develop a real process of struggle for the break with the hegemonic standards in force, linked to the Brazilian political process of democratization, especially of RSB.

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27

Peter, Zola Welcome. "The role of ward committees in enhancing community participation: a South African perspective". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19938.

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Community participation in municipal affairs is the bedrock of participatory democracy, and it has been hailed as the panacea for most public community programmes in South Africa. High-level public community participation empowers communities, increases self-reliance, self-awareness and confidence in self-examination of problems and seeking solutions for them. Community behavioural changes are promoted and utilisation and support of services is facilitated, which are of great significance to all community efforts, especially in areas where the service delivery rate from municipalities is low. The vehicle for driving community participation is the system of ward committees, legislation that is rooted in the Constitution, the Municipal Structures Act, and the Municipal Systems Act. The study sees community participation as people being involved in government decision-making that affects them directly or indirectly. It involves three types of action, namely facilitating rational deliberation, creating and communicating moral principles, and expressing personal and group affects and needs. This research investigated the role of ward committees in enhancing community participation from a South African perspective. Municipalities are organisations tasked with ensuring the equal distribution of services to local communities. Municipalities were chosen on the basis of commitment to communicate effectively with the community and in turn to encourage the community to participate fully in municipal activities. The study is conducted within the parameters of the Constitution of South Africa (1996), which mandates local government to provide a democratic and accountable local government, and to encourage the involvement of communities in the matters of local government. Section 152(1)(e) of the Constitution stipulates that the objective of local government, amongst others, is to ensure the involvement of communities and community organisations in matters of local government, and section 73 of the Local Government: Municipal Structures Act (Act No. 117 of 1998), further requires municipalities to establish ward committees in a manner that seeks to enhance participatory democracy at the local sphere of government. The study therefore investigated the role of ward committees in enhancing community participation. Ward committees are advisory bodies created at ward level in terms of the Municipal Structures Act (Act No. 117 of 1998), and consist of the ward councillor (who is the chair) and not more than 10 members representing diverse groups within a particular ward. The White Paper on Local Government (1998) further indicates that municipal councils should promote the involvement of citizens and community groups in the design and delivery of municipal programmes. A literature survey was conducted to investigate and conceptualise the role of ward committees in enhancing community participation, and to determine the responsibilities of ward committees in municipalities. A desktop approach was used to track down useful existing pre-published information (also known as secondary research), with the data collection coming from secondary sources, such as municipal records. A number of recommendations regarding the improvement of ward committees were made. Recommendations are provided for enhancing community participation in different municipalities in South Africa. It is envisaged that these changes could impact positively in encouraging community participation and ultimately improve service delivery.

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Ngeni, Siphiwo Christopher. "Enhancing the accountability of ward councillors through public participation in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d10186906.

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Abstract (sommario):

In terms of section 152(1)(a) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 local government should provide a democratic and accountable service to local communities. Therefore, elected representatives and municipal officials must be accountable for their actions. This study investigates the influence of public participation in enhancing the accountability of ward councillors in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). For the purpose of the study, the hypothesis was formulated that accountability of ward councillors is hampered by improper public participation mechanisms in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). In order to achieve the goal of this study and to test the hypothesis, it was essential to review literature on the accountability of ward councillors and public participation in local government. Primary data was obtained by interviewing ward committees and ward councillors from Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. Interviews were conducted with ward councillors and ward committees in wards 13 and 14 of BCMM. The major findings of the study, inter alia, are that ward councillors give feedback to their constituencies. Ward committees are instrumental in encouraging members of the public to attending these meetings. The most popular forum for public participation is the Independent Development Planning (IDP). It was established that approachability, accessibility and visibility of both ward councillors and ward committees in the community enhance public participation. The study concludes with recommendations that will assist the BCMM to enhance the accountability of ward councillors through public participation.

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Söderström, Anna, e Sandra Håmås. "Samverkan mellan kommuner - hur påverkar det medborgardeltagandet? : Fallstudier av tre kommuner i Dalarna". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12021.

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Denna studie handlar om hur kommuner med olika förutsättningar arbetar med medborgardeltagande. Studien grundas på antagandet att en mindre kommun med svaga resurser kan få svårigheter i arbetet med medborgardeltagande. Detta antagande utreds i en jämförelse mellan en kommun som arbetar med ett enskilt plankontor och två kommuner av liknande storlek som samarbetar med en gemensam stadsbyggnadsförvaltning. Forskningen har fokuserat på hur planarkitekterna själva upplever att arbetet med medborgardeltagandet har fungerat i deras kommun. För att komplettera planerarnas åsikter behandlas också kommunala dokument i studien. Arbetet är en del av kandidatprogrammet Fysisk Planering och handlar om medborgardeltagande som är en viktig del av den fysiska planeringen. I uppsatsen går det att läsa om de kommuner som har valts ut, deras bakgrund, hur de arbetar med medborgardialoger samt vilka skillnader som finns mellan de två fallen. Då det ena fallet innefattar två kommuner som samarbetar inom planeringsområdet finns det också i uppsatsen utredningar kring hur kommuner kan samverka, hur samarbetet ser ut i det här fallet samt hur en sådan samverkan kan påverka arbetet med medborgardeltagandet.
This study is about how municipalities with different qualifications are working with citizen participation. The study is based on the assumption that a small sized municipality with weak resources may have difficulties in the work of civic participation. This assumption is further investigated with a comparison between a municipality working with an individual planning office and two municipalities of similar size that collaborate with a mutual office for urban management. The research is focusing on how the planners themselves feel that the civic participation has worked in their municipality. Municipal documents are also used in this study next to the planners’ opinions to complete what might be missing. The study is part of the bachelor program Fysisk Planering (Spatial planning) and therefore the study includes civic participation which is a very important part of spatial planning. In the paper you can read about the municipalities that have been selected, their background, how they work with civic participation and what differences there are between the cases. Because of the fact that one of the cases includes two municipalities that cooperate in the planning field there is also a focus in the study on how this cooperation could look like, how it works in this case and at last how a cooperation like this can affect the work of the citizen participation in the municipalities.

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30

Santos, Marcel Ivan dos. "Perspectivas de gestão participativa no setor de esporte e lazer da administração municipal de Vitória-ES". Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6109.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:02:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcel Ivan dos Santos.pdf: 1536644 bytes, checksum: 9f581b3d4963342b95012aab13f84682 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-22
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este estudo analisou os planejamentos e execuções de políticas de esporte e lazer desenvolvidas nas gestões da Secretaria de Esporte e Lazer da Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória no período 2005-2012, buscando compreender os fatores que promovem o distanciamento do modelo de gestão pautado na participação cidadã. Importante nessa intencionalidade é a discussão sobre modelos diferenciados de gestão, que primem pela descentralização, participação cidadã e intersetorialidade, todas as categorias emergentes a partir da década de 1980. Trata-se de ume estudo qualitativo, que contou com a pesquisa documental em fontes coletadas no setor de esporte e lazer e no conselho municipal, além de entrevistas a gestores e conselheiros. No modelo de análise dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2009). Entre os principais resultados, encontrou-se que o afastamento da perspectiva de gestão social no setor de esporte e lazer se deve a dois fatores: à presença de um discurso esportivista cunhado na formação de atletas e no esporte de alto rendimento; e à ausência do interesse coletivo pela apropriação do esporte e lazer enquanto direito. Apesar disso, é possível afirmar que o setor de esporte e lazer tem avançado no intuito de promover acesso destas práticas aos cidadãos, haja vista a diversidade de equipamentos, projetos e programações voltadas para a comunidade capixaba de todas as faixas etárias
This study investigated the planning and execution of the sports and leisure policies developed in the management of the Municipal Sport and Leisure of Victoria-ES (SEMESP) in the period 2005 to 2012, seeking explanations for the apparent distance of the management model based on participation citizen and intersectorial actions. Important is the intentionality that the discussion about different models of management, based on decentralization, citizen participation and intersectoral approach, all categories emerging from the 1980s. This is a qualitative study, which in its initial phase was conducted a literature review,, followed by analysis of documents concerning the management of SEMESP and possible partnerships, particularly with the Municipal Council of Sports (COMESP). The data analysis technique used was content analysis of Bardin (2009), by cutting the texts according to the most significant content. Thus, the main factors for the management of sport and leisure in the city Vitoria deviating from the perspective of social management is an approach to the ideas of nationalism that prevailed in the country about the sports policy from the 1960s, who coined the training of athletes and the sport of income. With regard to minimum participation in COMESP and SEMESP, we believe it is part of the limited understanding of some managers, and the community about the importance of leisure and sport evidenced in the lack of quorum at board meetings, and the devaluation of sport leisure front of other rights, insufficient training of citizens to participate, insufficient awareness of social commitment and struggle for collective gains and lack of commitment to public policy management of sport and leisure in general. Nevertheless, it can be said that the sports and leisure sector have advanced in order to promote access to citizens of these practices, given the diversity of equipment, projects and programs aimed at community capixaba of all age groups, but that in itself alone does not guarantee the right of ownership in this sector

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31

Bokwe, Nosiphiwo Gloria. "Assessing the local government turnaround strategy: the case of Ngqushwa Local Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020084.

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The thrust of the study is to investigate the Local Government Turnaround Strategy as introduced by Cabinet in the year 2009. In this treatise a critical evaluation of the Local Government Turnaround Strategy that was passed by cabinet as a panacea that seeks to address the challenges that are being faced by municipalities today will be embarked upon. A case study of the Ngqushwa Local Municipality in the Amathole District Municipal area will be undertaken with the view to understand whether the Local Government Turnaround Strategy will indeed assist ailing local municipalities like Ngqushwa. As can be seen in our country, apartheid has left many problems both in the social, economic and political realms of our society. When local government was first established it was for the perpetuation of separate development as enshrined in the policy of apartheid. Apartheid was not the beginning of geographic, institutional and social separation at the local level. Segregation was already a policy by the time apartheid was introduced in 1948. However, the Group Areas Act, the key piece of legislation, instituted strict residential segregation and compulsory removal of black people to own group areas. Through spatial separation, influx control, and a policy of own management for own areas, apartheid aimed to limit the extent to which affluent white municipalities would bear the financial burden of servicing disadvantaged black areas. These separate developments led to the collapse of the former Black Local Authorities. When the democratic government took over the same challenges reared their heads again. Many intervention programmes were introduced to assist ailing municipalities to be viable. The study thus has tried to indicate how the Turnaround has assisted municipalities like the Ngqushwa Local Municipality.

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Henna, Thandisizwe. "An analysis of factors affecting the performance of ward committees in the Buffalo City Municipality in the province of the Eastern Cape". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1437.

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In 1994, democracy in South Africa brought about a developmental local government characterized by democratic and accountable governance. Municipalities are supposed to encourage the involvement of communities and community organizations in the matters of local government. Municipalities are obliged to establish ward committees and ensure that they succeed in facilitating public participation. However, critiques contend that ward committees have not been able to live up to expectations. The institution is said to be faced by countless challenges that inhibit its functioning. This study has, therefore, been undertaken with the purpose of analyzing the factors that affect the performance of ward committees in the Buffalo City Municipality. The research found that ward committees in the municipality were properly constituted, functional and handle serious issues for the benefit of communities. Communities are not very interested in ward committee meetings and do not solicit assistance from them. Based on the results of this study, the following are the factors which compromise and limit the ability of ward committees to facilitate public participation: lack of remuneration, low levels of education and skills, unavailability of information on municipal issues and activities; and a lack of municipal support. Following the research, it is recommended that municipalities put in stringent measures to detect and curb corrupt practices in ward committees. On annual basis they should provide a meaningful budget allocation for the remuneration and provision of facilities and equipment necessary for ward committees to effect public participation. Municipalities should involve ward committees in decision-making

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33

Rhoda, Moegamat Faarieg. "Community empowerment through municipal service delivery : a proposed operational framework". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52168.

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Thesis (MPhil) -- Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Legislation encourages local government! municipalitiesl local authorities in South Africa, to fulfil a development role. One of the main objectives of municipalities performing a development role is to empower communities, especially previously disadvantaged communities. This study argues that the services delivered by municipalities are an essential component of a development orientation. In view of this fact, the study proposes an operational framework, whereby community empowerment can be achieved through municipal service delivery. The operational framework suggest that for community empowerment to be achieved through municipal service delivery, requires that the empowerment enabler (municipalities or departments within municipalities) should assure that: disadvantaged communities have access to services, services must be delivered in a non-discriminatory manner, the community should understand the rationale as to why the service is delivered, opportunity should be given for community participation in the delivery process, there should be a constant information channel between the giver (enabler) and receiver of services, and human resources from the local community should be utilised where possible in the delivery process. Lastly, a descriptive evaluation is undertaken of the health department's approach (at the Stellenbosch Municipality) to the delivery of primary healthcare services and service infrastructure. The purpose of the evaluation is to ascertain whether the principles as proposed in the operational framework are present in the health department's approach to service delivery. The evaluation reveals that most of the proposed principles of the operational framework features in the health department's approach to the delivery of primary healthcare services and services infrastructure. Thereby, concluding that the health department follows to a certain extent an approach to service delivery that could ultimately lead to community empowerment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wetgewing vereis dat plaaslike regering/ plaaslike owerhede/ munisipaliteite in Suid-Afrika, 'n ontwikkelingsrol moet vervul. Een van die doelstellings van 'n ontwikkelingsrol vir munisipaliteite, is om gemeenskappe te bemagtig, spesifiek gemik op agtergeblewe gemeenskappe. Hierdie studie argumenteer dat die dienste gelewer deur munisipaliteite 'n essensiële komponent vorm van 'n ontwikkelings-orientasie. Gevolglik, stel hierdie studie 'n operasionele raamwerk voor, waarvolgens gemeenskapsbemagtiging bewerkstellig kan word deur middel van munisipale dienslewering. Die operasionele raamwerk stel voor dat om gemeenskapsbemagting deur dienslewering te bewerkstellig, vereis dat die bemagtiger (munisipaliteite of departemente binne munisipaliteite) moet toesien dat: agtergeblewe gemeenskappe toegang het tot diente, dienste moet gelewer word op 'n niediskriminerende wyse, die gemeenskap moet verstaan waarom die diens gelewer word, geleentheid moet geskep word vir gemeenskapsdeelname aan die diensleweringsproses, 'n kommunikasie kanaal tussen die ontvanger en leweraar (bemagtiger) van dienste, moet geskep word en laastens moet daar van plaaslike arbeid (waar moontlik), in die diensleweringsproses gebruik word. Laastens word 'n beskrywende evaluering onderneem na die Gesondheidsdepartement (by die Stellenbosch Munisipaliteit) se benadering tot die lewering van primêre gesondheidssorgdienste asook diens infrastruktuur. Die doel van die evaluering is om te bepaal of enige van die faktore, soos beskryf in die operasionele raamwerk, teenwoordig is in die gesondheidsdepartement se benadering tot dienslewering. Die resultate van die ondersoek toon aan dat die meeste van die faktore, soos voorgestel in die operasionele raamwerk, wel teenwoordig is in die gesondheidsdepartement se benadering tot dienslewering. Gevolglik kan daar afgelei word dat die gesondheidsdepartement wel tot 'n mate, 'n benadering tot dienslewering volg, wat kan lei tot gemeenskapsbemagtiging.

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34

Montório, Tatiana de Souza. "A atuação do Conselho Municipal de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável e dos Cades regionais". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2016.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sidney Jard da Silva
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas, 2016.
A cidade de São Paulo insere-se no grupo de municípios do Brasil onde a criação e ampliação dos mecanismos de participação fazem-se presentes principalmente a partir da década de 1990. Esses espaços participativos consolidados pós redemocratização seriam mais um passo no aprofundamento democrático, a conquista por consolidar arenas cujos temas são tão diversos é um passo essencial para a consolidação de políticas públicas. Embora seja considerada um avanço, essas instâncias deliberativas e consultivas necessitam de pesquisas mais detalhadas que mergulhem no interior de seus processos, a fim de iluminar aspectos relevantes de suas dinâmicas, identificando variáveis explicativas para suas ações e identificando seus atores. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta dissertação foi analisar a atuação do Conselho Municipal de Meio Ambiente da cidade de São Paulo de caráter deliberativo e centralizado e a atuação dos 32 Conselhos Regionais de Meio Ambiente, Desenvolvimento Sustentável e Cultura de Paz de caráter consultivo e descentralizado entre 2009 e 2015. Para a realização da pesquisa foram utilizadas análises quantitativas e qualitativas, através das seguintes técnicas de pesquisa: análise documental de fontes primárias e secundárias, como atas de reuniões, acompanhamento das reuniões, aplicação de um survey auto-administrado e entrevistas com conselheiros, servidores, gestores públicos e políticos. A pesquisa identificou quem são os atores nessas discussões, como é a distribuição dos temas ambientais nas diferentes regiões da cidade, quais são os principais avanços e retrocessos destas arenas e iluminou ainda aspectos como: a efetividade destes espaços institucionais de participação, quais são os arranjos disponíveis para que estas arenas atuem e em que medida estes fóruns buscam articulação com o poder público, iniciativa privada ou ainda com outros conselhos de políticas públicas.
The city of São Paulo in Brazil is part of the municipalities group where the creation and expansion of participation mechanisms are always present mainly from the 1990s these participatory spaces consolidated post-democratization would be another step in deepening democracy, the achievement by consolidating arenas whose themes are as diverse is an essential step towards the consolidation of public policies. Although an improvement is considered, these deliberative and consultative bodies require more detailed research to immerse themselves within their processes in order to illuminate important aspects of its dynamics, identifying explanatory variables for their actions and identifying its actors. In this sense, the objective of this thesis was to analyze the performance of the Municipal Council for the Environment of São Paulo deliberative and centralized character and the work of 32 regional councils of Environment, Sustainable Development and Peace Culture advisory and decentralized between 2009 and 2015. For the research were used quantitative and qualitative analysis through the following research techniques: documentary analysis of primary and secondary sources, such as minutes of meetings, follow-up meetings, application of a self-administered survey and interviews with directors, servants, public and policy makers. The research identified who the actors in these discussions, as is the distribution of environmental issues in different regions of the city, which are the main advances and retreats of these arenas and even lit aspects such as the effectiveness of these institutional spaces of participation, what are the arrangements available for these arenas act and to what extent these forums seek cooperation with the government, private sector or with other public policy councils.

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35

Qwina, Simon Buta. "Enhancing public participation on the ward committee system: the case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019734.

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This study investigated the role of ward committees in enhancing service delivery through public participation with reference to the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. This study provided a motivation for the study to be undertaken, problem statement, objectives of the study, hypothesis, research design and methodology, ethical considerations, delimitation of the study and the overview of chapters. The Constitution of the Republic of South African of 1996 provides for the creation of three spheres of government, namely, the national sphere, the provincial sphere and the local government sphere. These spheres are interdependent from each other. Local government is one of the spheres of government created to bring government closer to the people, as well as giving communities a sense of involvement in the political and governance processes that control their daily lives. The need for effective democratic local government as a vehicle for development and national integration is imperative (Reddy, 1996:3). Municipalities are established in terms of section 12 of the Municipal Structures Act 117 of 1998, wherein Members of Executive Councils (MEC‟s) may establish a municipal area which the Demarcation Board demarcates in the province in terms of the Municipal Demarcation Act 27 of 1998.

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Mchunu, Ntuthuko Albert. "The link between poor public participation and protest : the case of Khayelitsha". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71675.

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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The upsurge in the number of public protests in most South African municipalities, including the City of Cape Town, continues unabated. While public protest is a democratic right, provided for in the Constitution (RSA 1996), the violent nature and persistence of protests at municipal level are a cause for concern. The associated violence often leads to the destruction of both public and private property, disruptions in economic activities, loss of lives and severe injuries to innocent victims. The prevalence of public protests continues despite the fact that the new democratic dispensation ushered in a paradigm geared for transforming local government from a racially-segregated institution into a democratic and autonomous sphere of government, with a broad developmental mandate. This new dispensation gave birth to the “invited spaces” of participation, which are aimed at providing scope for the public to influence, direct, control and own the development and decision-making processes. In order to determine factors that contribute to public protests in Khayelitsha the study adopted a qualitative research paradigm. Personal interviews, focus group discussion and participatory observation were some of the research methods used to collect primary data. The study indicates that lack of authentic and empowering public participation opportunities in the decision-making processes of the City of Cape Town alienates the public and leads to public disengagement from available municipal processes. It has been during this period of alienation that the public have been “inventing own spaces” of participation, in the form of public protests demanding that public voices be heard. The study also indicates that poverty, unemployment and glaring gaps of social inequality, reinforced by comparison to available examples in the neighbourhood, are root causes of public protests. The new public participation model that has been developed from this research should be adopted by South African municipalities as an essential public participation strategy. It empowers the public to negotiate a new “social contract” with the authorities primarily based on the public’s terms. It is only when authentic and empowering public participation is practised by municipalities that violent public protests can be minimised. Such authentic and empowering public participation provides latitude for the public to influence, direct, control and even own their “own” development and decision-making processes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die toename in voorvalle van openbare protes in byna alle Suid-Afrikaanse munisipale gebiede, insluitend die van die Stad Kaapstad, duur onverpoosd voort. Terwyl openbare protes weliswaar ’n demokratiese reg is wat in die Grondwet (RSA 1996) verskans word, is die huidige ingeburgerde en gewelddadige aard daarvan rede tot ernstige kommer. Hierdie gewelddadigheid lei dikwels tot vernietiging van sowel openbare as private eiendom. Ook ekonomiese aktiwiteite word ontwrig; daar is lewensverlies en ernstige beserings aan onskuldige slagoffers . Die hoë voorkoms van openbare protes duur voort, ondanks die feit dat die nuwe demokratiese bestel ’n paradigmaskuif ten gunste van transformasie in die plaaslike regeringstelsel beteken het. Alles was in plek om weg te beweeg van rasgesegregeerde instellings na ’n demokratiese, outonome regeringsfeer met ’n breë, ontwikkelingsgedrewe mandaat. Hierdie nuwe bedeling het “genooide ruimtes” vir deelname geskep, wat geleentheid sou skep om invloed en rigtinggewende beheer te verkry oor daardie prosesse van besluitneming wat deelnemers se eie lewens raak. Om die faktore te bepaal wat tot openbare protes in Khayelitsha bydra, is ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsparadigma gekies. Persoonlike onderhoud, fokusgroepbespreking en deelnemende waarneming is van die navorsingsmetodes wat ingespan is om primêre data te versamel. Hierdie navorsingstudie het bevind dat, ondanks die “genooide ruimtes”, daar steeds ’n gebrek aan egte en bemagtigende openbare deelnemingsgeleenthede in die besluitnemingsproses van die Stad Kaapstad bestaan, en dat dit die publiek vervreem en daartoe lei dat burgers hul aan die beskikbare deelnemingsgeleenthede onttrek. Gedurende hierdie periode van vervreemding het die publiek van Khayelitsha hulle eie “geskepde ruimtes” ontwikkel. Dit was gegiet in die vorm van openbare protes, waar die stemme van die algemene publiek gehoor kon word. Die studie het ook aangedui dat armoede, werkloosheid en opvallende voorbeelde van sosiale ongelykheid (te vinde in die onmiddellike omgewing) aanleidende faktore vir protesaksie was. Die nuwe openbare deelnemingsmodel wat uit die navorsing ontwikkel is, kan aan alle Suid-Afrikaanse munisipaliteite ’n onontbeerlike geleentheid bied om ’n doeltreffende openbare deelnemingstrategie te ontwikkel. Dit bemagtig die publiek om ’n nuwe onderhandelde “maatskaplike kontrak” met die owerhede, hoofsaaklik op die publiek se terme, te sluit. Slegs wanneer die publiek aan egte, bemagtigende openbare deelname blootgestel word, sal daar sprake van ’n vertrouensverhouding met die owerhede wees en sal gewelddadige protesaksie tot die minimum beperk kan word. Sodanige egte en bemagtigende openbare deelname skep ruimte vir die publiek om hulle “eie” ontwikkeling te beïnvloed en mede-beheer te bekom oor die besluitnemingsprosesse wat daarmee gemoeid is.

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Boateng, Joyce. "An investigative study assessing the success factors and hindrances in the effective resource mobilisation for a municipal entity in the Eastern Cape". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95630.

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Thesis (MBA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2013.
Resources are the heartbeat of an institution. Without adequate resources, an institution will fail to implement its mandate and will also face problems as a going concern that could eventually lead to its collapse, thereby failing the hopes and aspirations of the people it claims to serve. An institution must develop a conscious effort to mobilise its resources by including this aspect in its business strategy and prioritising it. Ntinga O.R. Tambo Development Agency has been established to implement the LED strategy of the O.R. Tambo District Municipality. As a municipal entity this Development Agency is prohibited from trading to realise additional funding and depends solely on grants from the District Municipality, which are on the decline. Registering the entity as a state-owned company (SOC) would allow it to trade to generate revenue and be eligible to collaborate with investors in developing self-sustaining communities. Improving the socio-economic status of any community requires the development of capital infrastructure. Sustainable community development can only be achieved if proper processes are in place to facilitate an all-inclusive community participation process that allows the communities to decide on programmes that will improve their livelihoods and also take their cultural beliefs into consideration. Communities must be empowered to take decisions that affect their future and they must be consulted at the project initiation stage through to its implementation and finalisation. The community programmes that are implemented must be informed by community needs assessments that are properly undertaken and will utilise community resources to meet unmet needs. Successful community programmes are those that are embraced by the communities. Performance monitoring systems are important to assess the attainment of set objectives so that the programme’s impact on the socio-economic status of the communities can be evaluated. Management is responsible for mobilising resources. However, successful resource mobilisation requires the involvement of the board of directors and the establishment of a resource mobilisation advisory council, with its members being well connected. A lean resource mobilisation structure should be maintained and populated when the need arises. Good governance and clean audit reports are catalysts for successful resource mobilisation and all governance structures must be in place to ensure that fraud and theft are limited. Continuous risk assessments are critical in curbing fraud and theft. Relationship management with funders is important. It entails the development of trust and respect. Some funders will invest in a programme based on the common values they share with the organisation. The organisational culture must visibly display the shared values that are lived by all of the organisation’s employees. Resource mobilisation efforts should not rely solely on one income stream, but should be a combination of a number of efforts, from strategic partnerships in the form of public-private partnerships, to property management. An institution must be creative and innovative in adapting its operations in an environment that is ever-changing especially its agility in responding to constant changes in funding institutions’ requirements. Non-compliance with donor funding requirements and investor funding conditions is a barrier to resource mobilisation efforts. Lack of properly qualified personnel to manage investor and donor funding, which could lead to mismanagement of funds, erodes investor confidence in an institution.

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Links, Ralph Ronald. "An examination of the challenges in intergrated development planning and budget alignment at Amathole District Municipality, (Eastern Cape)". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/3176.

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The traditional mandate of local government is to deliver sustainable services to communities. The evolution of local government has since put more emphasis on evidence based planning in the form of IDP and sound financial management. The relationship between the IDP and Budget is that, a) the IDP contains community needs, objectives and strategies on how these will be responded or dealt with by the municipality, and b) the budget is the financial plan to execute strategies that need to be employed. The purpose of the study was to examine challenges in integrated development plan and the budget alignment of Amathole District Municipality. The study moved from the premise that municipalities are different and ADM has been in the fore front in terms of producing IDP and Budget. The study therefore is based on the assumption that the Amathole District Municipality has challenges in the IDP and Budget alignment. The study proposed to give a background of the scholarly literature of the IDP and Budget of local government. The empirical survey and research methodology used in the study is described and explained in-depths and followed by data collection in the form of the questionnaire. The research findings of the empirical survey are then analysed and reported in statistical form.

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39

Nqwemeshe, Nomvuyo. "The structural arrangements in local government and their role in promoting community participation in basic service delivery: a case study of Emalahleni and Intsika Yethu local municipalities in the Chris Hani District Municipality area". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003103.

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This study analyses the effectiveness of community participation in service delivery. The area of study, the Chris Ham District Municipality (CHDM), is a Water Services Authority, responsible for ensuring access to water services (water and sanitation) by all communities within its jurisdiction. There are eight local municipalities within the CHDM. The objective of this study is to determine whether systems are in place in local government to promote participation by communities in service delivery projects and whether these systems are being utilised efficiently by the role-players concerned. The role-players in this research are people who are involved in community development programmes of the municipality (municipal staff in the relevant departments of the municipalities under study, the social facilitators, civil society organisations, ward committees, ward councillors, traditional authorities as well as the representatives of communities (Project Steering Committees) who are beneficiaries of the projects under study). The projects that are under study were selected from a readily available list of CHDM capital projects that appear in the 2003/2004 financial year funding plan and are running. The findings of the study at both levels (local and district) show that the municipal environment is not conducive to promoting community participation. This is linked to factors such as the structural arrangements, whereby the offices relevant for promoting community participation are not fully occupied, which provided evidence that community participation is not prioritised. There is lack of coordination of programmes within the local government spheres as well within departments of the DM and strategies for community participation have been found to be non-effective. At project level lack of community participation is linked to the utilisation of ward committees as the only mechanism for community participation regardless of its un-equal and party biased representation. This study therefore concludes that although the systems to promote community participation are in place, they are not effective.

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Parris, Maxine Joanna. "Engaging the public : theory and practice in Scottish public services". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20438.

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In recent times, public engagement has become an increasingly prominent feature of modern public service provision. Contemporary Public Engagement (CPE) has been characterized by the proliferation of new and innovative mechanisms with which to engage and involve the public in any process in which their input is either desired or legally required. This thesis takes a qualitative approach to exploring CPE within the context of local public services in Scotland, with the explicit aim of contribution to the development of conceptual understanding and theory. The design of this project was based on a case study of the Clackmannanshire Community Health Partnership (CHP). The key empirical instruments were semi-structured interviews, a focus group, analysis of key CHP documents and participant observation by the researcher at CHP Committee meetings. This study makes three main contributions to existing knowledge. They are: a Conceptual Framework for explaining CPE within Scottish local public service provision, a Conceptual Model which is based on the Conceptual Framework and presents it at a higher level of abstraction, and the generation of substantive theory rooted in the case study data. The thesis makes two main recommendations. The first is that further comparative research should be undertaken in order to further develop and confirm the validity of Conceptual Model and substantive theory. The second is that meta-analysis should be undertaken to assist in the development of the proposed formal theory of Public Sector Reform.

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Mathane, Letshego Patricia. "The impact of the local government turnaround strategy on public participation and good governance with regard to the integrated development planning process : The case of Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality". Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/190.

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Thesis (M. Tech. Public Management)) -- Central University of Technology, free State, 2013
During 2009 the State of Local Government in South Africa 2009 Report, (2009:71-75) showed that much of local government is in distress and it also showed that much of the local government municipalities faced serious challenges such as the lack of service delivery, poor financial management and weak integration between the Integrated Development Plan (IDP) and the Local Economic Development (LED). To improve the performance of the municipalities, the national government approved a comprehensive Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) that serves as a country-wide intervention with the aim to address the communities‟ increasing dissatisfaction with poor municipal services, as well as to improve the administrative and financial performance of all municipalities. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of the Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) on public participation and good governance with respect to the Integrated Development Planning (IDP) process in the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality. It was found during the literature review that although the Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) was successfully incorporated in the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality Integrated Development Plan Review of 2013/2014, more needs to be done to ensure that the medium-term priorities are effectively implemented to promote good governance, and effective service delivery of Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality. The study found that although the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality has a well-planned and well-structured community engagement strategy to promote effective public participation, more needs to be done to ensure that the communities are effectively represented during the various public participation consultation activities to ensure that the needs of the majority of the communities are addressed. The study also found that the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality has well-defined strategies to promote good governance in its Integrated Development Plan (IDP), the effective implementation remains a challenge.

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Erasmus, Vernon William Hendry. "Administrative support for community participation in the IDP : a case study of the Oostenberg Municipality". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51566.

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Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explains community participation in the Integrated Development Planning (lDP) process and indicates that administrative support in the Oostenberg Municipality is not conducive for the facilitation of effective participation in this process. This resulted in poor attendance of the 1997/98 cycle of the IDP meetings. Certain improvements in this regard to the 1998/99 cycle did not show any significant difference. This situation did not allow the Oostenberg Municipality to achieve the objective of meaningful input from the community in the IDP policy process. It resulted in the budget not reflecting the priority needs of community specifically. Data in the study was obtained by means of a questionnaire. Information derived at supports the researcher's hypothesis that administrative support is not conducive to effective participation. The study yielded various reasons for non-participation, inter-alia that: the community was uninformed about the IDP, preventing people from access to information and effective participation; II> community participation was undertaken by various directorates on a fragmented basis while no official plan for implementing participation in a coordinated fashion existed; the Oostenberg Municipality relied only on community meetings as a method of participation. The illiteracy factor in the Oostenberg community however, made this an ineffective method; and the community do not value their participation because of the perception that the municipality and it's officials do not regard the community input in a serious light. Based on these findings, criteria for supporting effective community participation processes were developed. Practical recommendations which can be used to overcome the problems of participation in the context of the study were formulated. The principle recommendations derived at in this study are the following: ~ participation should be institutionalised by making one directorate responsible for it; ~ incorporating a participation policy into the organisation; ~ introducing alternative participation mechanisms, techniques and structures for the IDP; ~ the establishment of better communication systems and processes for the IDP; and, ~ the use of developmental-orientated officials and councillors (by providing them with ongoing training and development). If officials and councillors become developmentorientated they will eventually value community participation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie verduidelik deelname in die Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanning proses (GOP) en dui daarop dat administratiewe steun in die Oostenberg Munisipaliteit nie bevorderlik is vir die ontwikkeling van effektiewe deelname in die proses nie. Dit het veroorsaak dat daar swak bywoning van die 1997/98 siklus van GOP vergaderings was. Verbeterings in hierdie verband tot die 1998/99 siklus het nie enige merkwaardige verbeterings getoon nie. Die swak bywoning het nie die Oostenberg Munisipaliteit toegelaat om die doelwitte van betekenisvolle insette van die gemeenskap in die GOP proses te bereik nie. Dit het gevolg dat die prioriteite van die gemeenskap nie in die begroting gereflekteer is nie. Data in die studie was verkry deur middel van 'n vraelys. Afleiding gemaak vanafinligting ondersteun die navorser se hipotese dat administrasie steun nie bevorderlik is vir effektiewe deelname nie. Die studie verskaf verskeie redes vir die swak deelname, onder andere dat: die gemeenskap oningelig was oor die GOP en dat dit die mense weerhou het van toegang tot informasie en effektiewe deelname; .. gemeenskapsdeelname onderneem was deur verskeie direktorate op 'n gefragmenteerde basis terwyl geen amptelike plan vir die implementering van effektiewe deelname op 'n gekoordineerde manier bestaan het nie; Oostenberg Munisipaliteit slegs op gemeenskapsvergaderings staatgemaak het as 'n metode van deelname. Die ongeletterdheid in die Oostenberg gemeenskap het dit 'n oneffektiewe metode gemaak; en .. die gemeenskap heg geen waarde aan hul deelname nie aangesien die persepsie bestaan dat die munisipaliteit en sy amptenare nie die gemeenskap se insette in 'n ernstige lig beskou nie. Gebaseer op hierdie bevinding was kriteria vir effektiewe deelname ontwikkel. Praktiese aanbevelings wat gebruik kan word om probleme van deelname te oorkom was in die konteks van hierdie studie geformuleer. Die belangrikste aanbevelings is as volg: .. deelname moet ge-institusionaliseer word en een direktoraat verantwoordelik te maak daarvoor; .. die daarstelling van 'n deelname-beleid by die munisipaliteit; .. die bekendstelling van alternatiewe deelname meganisme, tegnieke en strukture vir die GOP; .. die vestiging van beter kommunikasie stelsels en prosesse vir die GOP; en .. die aanwending van ontwikkeling georiënteerde amptenare en raadslede (deur hulle te voorsien van deurlopende opleiding en ontwikkeling). Indien amptenare en raadslede ontwikkelings-georiënteerd is, sal hulle waarde kan heg aan gemeenskapsdeelname.

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Reinecke, Romi Kami. "An examination of the Mobisam project and Grocott's Mail : towards mobile social accountability monitoring in Grahamstown". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017782.

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This thesis critically examines the nature and purpose of the MobiSAM partnership, in relation to its value as a model resonating with normative theories on the role of the media in South African democratic society. The MobiSAM project introduces a mobile polling application, designed for citizens to provide real-time, user-generated data on crucial municipal service delivery such as clean water in Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The project has partnered with the local community newspaper, Grocott's Mail, to broadcast this data, with the aim to facilitate citizen participation in public problem solving and support local government accountability in service delivery. Despite pervasive poverty in areas such as the Eastern Cape, mobile penetration in South Africa is near universal. The MobiSAM partnership is an ongoing effort to forge new links between social accountability monitors, new media, traditional media, citizens and local government around public issues in Grahamstown, in line with the development objectives of the post-apartheid South African state. The overall theoretical framework for this thesis is taken from Christians, Glasser, McQuail, Nordenstreng and White's Normative Theories of the Media, which provides an analysis of four roles of the media in a democratic society, that is: the monitorial, the facilitative, the radical and the collaborative roles. Within each of these roles, the stated journalistic approach is explored, that is investigative journalism, public journalism, radical journalism and development journalism. Public journalism is focused on as having the most resonance with the goals of the MobiSAM partnership. The chosen research design is a critical realist case study with the selected methods of thematic document analysis and, primarily, in-depth interviews with key project participants. The research goals were to analyse this primary data against the normative theory on the role of the media in a democratic society, and the 'real world' constraints posed by the project’s specific political and socioeconomic context. The findings conclude by offering certain recommendations and areas for further research, such as the central importance of a dedicated municipal reporter for covering complex public issues. This critical realist case study, drawing on qualitative interviews with both the accountability monitors and the media practitioners, interrogates the philosophical understandings on the role of the media in this new project, towards an empirical model for advancing substantive socio-economic change through media in South Africa.

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Garbelotto, Yara Maria. "Para entender a participação social em âmbito local: um estudo da ferramenta C.L.E.A.R". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6139/tde-04072017-165522/.

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Nas últimas décadas, os governos municipais vêm adotando abordagens participativas em diversas políticas públicas setoriais, estimulados pelas esferas governamentais superiores que passaram a vincular a transferência de recursos financeiros ou a habilitação para exercer determinada atividade à criação e pleno funcionamento de instituições participativas. Por indução governamental, financiamento de órgãos internacionais ou pela autonomia jurídica que lhes foi concedida pela Constituição de 1988, os municípios brasileiros criaram ou reproduziram diversas instâncias de participação social: conselhos municipais, conferências temáticas, orçamentos participativos, audiências públicas, etc. Porém, o êxito dessas abordagens - no sentido de incluir os atores que estão à margem dos processos decisórios - não depende unicamente de sua institucionalização. Diversos fatores interferem na decisão de indivíduos e de organizações sociais em participar destas instâncias governamentais. Se há interesse em lograr êxito com essa abordagem, é importante compreender como estes fatores atuam no território, e o que o governo municipal pode fazer para aprimorar suas práticas. Um diagnóstico correto é o primeiro passo para um planejamento adequado, e o uso de uma ferramenta específica pode identificar forças e fraquezas relacionadas ao processo participativo, auxiliando na seleção de melhores estratégias. Na ausência de instrumentos criados no próprio país, a adaptação de instrumentos estrangeiros pode ser uma alternativa. Com esse cenário, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é validar uma ferramenta analítica, elaborada pela União Europeia, voltada ao diagnóstico das iniciativas governamentais de participação. Para tanto, utilizou-se de: i) levantamento bibliográfico e documental para análise do embasamento conceitual; ii) tradução, comparação com outros materiais e oficina com especialistas para a adaptação transcultural e validação do conteúdo; iii) estudo de campo para aplicação teste da ferramenta. O estudo de campo ocorreu em Barueri - SP e a análise centrou-se nas iniciativas participativas da Secretaria de Recursos Naturais e Meio Ambiente. Constatou-se que o processo de diagnóstico exige conhecimentos técnicos qualificados e um tempo médio de seis meses para conclusão. Por outro lado, promove uma reflexão entre seus participantes, fomentando a revisão das práticas em curso. Os resultados gerados pela ferramenta foram condizentes com a realidade percebida. A ferramenta mostrou-se válida para o contexto brasileiro, mas recomendam-se mais experiências para ajustes finos à nossa realidade sociocultural
Since the 1990s, several initiatives to improve citizen participation have been created by local authorities in Brazil. Public policies councils, thematic conferences, participatory budgets and public hearings are the most widespread. However, getting people to participate is not a simple task. Several factors interfere in the decision of individuals and social groups to participate. Local authorities can strengthen citizen participation, but they need better understand the obstacles as well as the possible boosters that exist in their localities. A good assessment is is the first step towards adequate planning, and the use of a specific tool can help to analyse diferente dimensions of engagement, assisting in the selection of better strategies. Adaptation of foreigns instruments can be an alternative when theres no nacional tool developed. The Council of Europe designed an instrument for a self-assessment process, to help local authorities and other organisations or groups at the local level to better understand public participation in their localities. This dissertation aims to use this tool and understand if its adaptable to brazilian circumstances. For such end, was used: i) bibliographical and documental survey; ii) cross-cultural adaptation, made by translation and workshop with experts; iii) road test in Barueri SP. The road test focused on participation initiatives of the local environmental agency: Secretaria de Recursos Naturais e Meio Ambiente. The study demonstrates that self-assessment process requires qualified technical knowledge and an average time of six months. On the other hand, its use provided an occasion to reflect together, policymakers and stakeholders, driving to consider strategies for addressing some gaps detected in citizen participation. The results of the road test were consistent with the perceived reality. The tool proved to be valid for the Brazilian context, but are recommended more experiences for fine adjustments to our sociocultural reality

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Lennartsson, Anna. "Inkluderande stadsutveckling : Förståelser och metoder inom kommunal planering". Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-256016.

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Att främja jämlikhet och goda sociala förhållanden får allt mer fokus i stadsutvecklingssammanhang. Forskning visar att det finns stora skillnader i sociala förutsättningar mellan olika stadsdelar, där sämre utbud av service, arbetsplatser och sociala nätverk ofta förekommer i stadsdelar där befolkningen har begränsade ekonomiska resurser. Dessutom finns ofta fysiska och sociala barriärer kring dessa stadsdelar och således en uppdelning mellan samhällsgrupper. Denna situation pekas ut som en viktig faktor för polarisering och social instabilitet. Samtidigt sker nu i flera sådana stadsdelar i städernas periferi en stark tillväxt och de utvecklas till centrum för näringsliv och handel. Detta aktualiserar frågan om hur social inkludering kan främjas i samband med stadsutveckling. Syftet med denna studie är att bidra till kunskapen om hur inkluderande stadsutveckling förstås inom kommunal planering samt att kartlägga metoder som på kommunal nivå kan användas för att skapa en socialt inkluderande stad. Ett syfte är också att studien ska bidra med kunskapsunderlag till utvecklingen av Flemingsberg i Huddinge kommun. Studien bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med kommunala tjänstemän involverade i stadsutvecklingsprocessen på olika nivåer, från strategiska planerare till ledare av enskilda projekt. Intervjuerna har analyserats med en diskursiv ansats för att undersöka förståelsen av inkludering. Från intervjuerna har också goda exempel på arbetssätt och konkreta verktyg kartlagts. Analysen visar på att diskursen om inkludering i kommunal planering i själva verket består av en rad olika diskurser, varav blandning, sammanhållning och deltagande står i fokus. Blandning förstås till stor del som att öka andelen resursstarka invånare i socioekonomiskt svaga områden, vilket tros bidra positivt till den sociala sammanhållningen mellan olika grupper. Vidare ses denna sammanhållning som en viktig faktor både för att mildra effekten av sociala problem och för att skapa en känsla av trygghet och gemenskap. Detta ställs i kontrast mot den rädsla och uppdelning som tycks finnas idag. Medborgardeltagande framställs som viktigt för att skapa och bibehålla tillit när socioekonomiskt svaga områden utvecklas och metoder kopplade till detta lyfts i hög grad fram som goda exempel. Vidare lyfts metoder fram kopplade till samhällsbyggnadsprojektets organisering, ekonomiska verktyg och medborgardrivna initiativ.
Promoting equality and proper living conditions is gaining focus in city development contexts today. Swedish research shows differences in social conditions between different urban districts and that access to services, workplaces and social networks is often poor in districts where inhabitants have limited economic resources. Additionally, these districts are often surrounded by physical and social barriers and thus different social groups are divided. This situation is referred to as an important driver for polarisation and social instability. Meanwhile, some of these urban districts are experiencing strong growth as they are developed into centres for commercial and business life. This brings the question on how social inclusion can be promoted in city development up to date. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge on how inclusive city development is understood in the context of municipal planning, and to map methods that can be used to create inclusion on the municipal level. The aim is also to contribute with a knowledge base to support the development of Flemingsberg in Huddinge municipality. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with municipal officers involved on different levels of the city development process, from strategic planners to managers of individual projects. The interviews have been analysed with a discursive approach to examine the understanding of inclusion. Also, good examples of concrete tools and ways of working with inclusion have been mapped from the interviews. The analysis shows that the discourse on inclusion in municipal planning is in fact consisting of several discourses, of which social mixing, cohesion and participation are the focus. Mixing is largely understood as the addition of socioeconomically strong residents in socioeconomically weak neighborhoods, which is believed to contribute to the social cohesion between different social groups. Furthermore, this cohesion is seen as an important factor for mitigating the effects of social problems and to create a feeling of safety and affinity. This is contrasted by a sort of fear and division that seems to be existing today. Citizen participation is described as important for creating and maintaining trust when socioeconomically weak neighborhoods are developed, and methods of participation are common among the good examples brought up by the interviewees. Other methods are connected to the organisation of city development projects, economic tools and initiatives run by citizens.

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RODRIGUES, Eniziê Paiva Weyne. "Plano Municipal de Saúde de Fortaleza: uma análise sob o enfoque da participação cidadã (2001-2004)". www.teses.ufc.br, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/5917.

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RODRIGUES, Eniziê Paiva Weyne. Plano Municipal de Saúde de Fortaleza: uma análise sob o enfoque da participação cidadã (2001-2004). 2007. 90f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Avaliação de Políticas Públicas, Fortaleza (CE), 2007.
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The present dissertation mentions the Municipal Plan to it of Health of Fortaleza, by means of an analysis under the approach of the participation citizen, in the period of 2001 and 2004. The great goal of the health was to assure the municipalização, with the configuration of a Municipal System of Health, allowing, at a first moment, the implantation of some services and programs of basic attention, and the fortalecimento of the actions of monitoring, and later the magnifying of offers of specialized attention and the reorientation of the hospital attention. It was prioritized to offer an integral assistance that could give covering to the absolute majority of the families of the City. The Municipal Plan of Health (2001 - 2004) had as premises the change in the intervention strategy on the problems of health with the reorientation of the assistencial model and the decentralization of the actions of health. Interviews half-structuralized come back to the using population of the services given in the District Hospital Gonzaga Mota - Bar of the Ceará, as well as to the managers and professionals of the health had been applied, including for the former-member and one responsible technician elaboration related plain of the City council of Health of the city of Fortaleza, referring to the 2001 and 2004. One concludes that, this work points some important advances in the measure where the attempts of overcoming of the considered, either even so visible model the fragility displayed in the Municipal Plan of Health.
A presente dissertação refere-se ao Plano Municipal de Saúde de Fortaleza, por meio de uma análise sob o enfoque da participação cidadã, no período de 2001 a 2004. A grande meta da saúde foi assegurar a municipalização, com a configuração de um Sistema Municipal de Saúde, permitindo, em um primeiro momento, a implantação de vários serviços e programas de atenção básica, e o fortalecimento das ações de vigilância, e posteriormente a ampliação da oferta de atenção especializada e a reorientação da atenção hospitalar. Priorizou-se oferecer uma assistência integral que pudesse dar cobertura à maioria absoluta das famílias do Município. O Plano Municipal de Saúde (2001 - 2004) teve como premissas a mudança na estratégia de intervenção sobre os problemas de saúde com a reorientação do modelo assistencial e a descentralização das ações de saúde. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturada voltadas à população usuária dos serviços prestados no Hospital Distrital Gonzaga Mota – Barra do Ceará, como também aos gestores e profissionais da saúde, incluindo um técnico responsável pela elaboração do referido plano e um ex-membro do Conselho Municipal de Saúde do município de Fortaleza, referente à gestão de 2001 a 2004. Conclui-se que, este trabalho aponta alguns avanços importantes na medida em que as tentativas de superação do modelo proposto, embora seja visível a fragilidade exposta no Plano Municipal de Saúde.

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Arce, Priscila Damasceno. "É possível a gestão democrática na Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo?" Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21616.

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This study take part in the line of research of Professional development for Educators and educational practices, in the Master of Education: Educating Educators - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP). It aims to respond the following question: Is it possible to implement a democratic and participatory governance in the city of São Paulo’s municipal education system? To seek answers for this question, a main goal was established: To examine, by means of the analysis of the attributions and abilities of the school director and education coordinators as registered on the municipal decree nº 54.453/13, if the democratic governance in school practices is occurring in an effective manner. To support this main goal, some specific objectives were established: a) to classify the attributions and abilities of educational managers in the city of São Paulo’s municipal education system according to the following categories: generator, potentiators or obstructers to effective democratic governance, b) to describe a political-pedagogical project in a school in São Paulo’s municipal educational system, as a way to reveal the need for autonomy in tasks related to education, c) To demonstrate the relationship between the prescriptions of the decree nº 54.453/13, as it describe attributions and abilities of the school director and education coordinators and the collective construction of political-pedagogical project of the school. This research and its findings have led us to the conclusion that if the attributions and abilities of school managers are increasingly subject to outside intervention, based on the issue of performance evaluation and monitoring and other legal instruments, they may become incompatible with effective democratic governance. The investigation has revealed that the structure of public administration and municipal governance, as represented by the aforementioned decree and other norms create a distance between the principles of democratic governance and the daily practice of these professionals. However, there would be more opportunities to promote democratic governance practices if they were in the aligned with the educations goals as stated in the political-pedagogical Project, an instrument which, in conjunction with an autonomy for educational tasks, can make a difference regarding the quality of education offered by public schools. Finally, a suggestion is made regarding the establishment of a new legislation that can lead to the practice of democratic and participatory governance in public schools, leading also to a conquest of social rights
Esta dissertação situa-se na linha de pesquisa Desenvolvimento profissional do formador e práticas educativas, do Programa de Mestrado em Educação: Formação de Formadores, da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) e busca responder à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: É possível a gestão democrática na Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo? De modo a buscar respostas para essa questão, foi estabelecido o objetivo geral: verificar, por meio da análise das atribuições e competências do diretor de escola e dos coordenadores pedagógicos constantes no Decreto Municipal nº 54.453/13, se a gestão democrática na prática escolar ocorre de forma efetiva, e os objetivos específicos: a) classificar as competências e atribuições dos gestores educacionais da Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo segundo as categorias geradora, potencializadora ou impeditiva à efetivação da gestão democrática; b) descrever o projeto político-pedagógico de uma escola da rede municipal de ensino de São Paulo, a fim de se recuperar a necessidade da autonomia na tarefa educativa e c) relacionar o que prevê o Decreto nº 54.453/13 no que se refere às atribuições e competências do diretor de escola e dos coordenadores pedagógicos com a construção coletiva do projeto político-pedagógico da escola. Os achados nos permitiram constatar que se as competências e atribuições dos gestores estiverem cada vez mais a serviço da intervenção externa, pautada no controle da avaliação de resultados e em outros dispositivos legais, elas podem se tornar incompatíveis com a efetivação da gestão democrática. A investigação revelou que a estrutura da administração pública e o estilo de gestão municipal submetem o Decreto investigado a outras normatizações criando uma distância entre o princípio de gestão democrática e a prática destes profissionais. Contudo, haveria possibilidade de serem mais geradoras e potencializadoras da gestão democrática se estiverem a serviço dos objetivos educacionais elencados no Projeto Político-Pedagógico, um instrumento que, aliado à autonomia da tarefa educativa, pode ser o diferencial naquilo que é reivindicado pelas escolas para a qualidade do ensino, disputando no contexto de governos democráticos o direito ao verdadeiro sentido deste príncipio na prática escolar. Além disso, sugere-se a revisão e o estabelecimento de arranjos legislativos que resultem em práticas de gestão democrática do ensino público que podem ser caminhos para a conquista de direitos sociais

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Paiva, Eduardo Antonio Pedreira. "A participa??o cidad? no Conselho Municipal (2015-2016) e sua contribui??o para gest?o da Pol?tica de Assist?ncia Social de Feira de Santana-BA". Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2017. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/615.

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Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-02-21T23:01:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O - PLANTER - DEFESA.pdf: 1746628 bytes, checksum: 5ace5a79c7ad1367b12a3c9a6a51642c (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-21T23:01:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O - PLANTER - DEFESA.pdf: 1746628 bytes, checksum: 5ace5a79c7ad1367b12a3c9a6a51642c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-14
Question Of The AmpliedState , Civil Society : one of the classiques about brazilian reality . The Relations Of Power Between Interests And Disputes .In sequel Brief Track Records Of Public Policy In Social Assistance In Brazil ,Structure And Runnings Of Manager Counsil Of Social Assistance And Participation Pedagogy . The methodology taken in question has followed the field of descriptive nature and qualifying aproach , since the main public were participating the city council of social assistance meetings and to them were aplied semi structured interviews and assistematic observation , considerating the ethical principles that normalizes researches envolving human beings . For the analysis and discussion of the results the technique of contents analysis has been used , that will enable the apprehension of the meaning that the participants of the city counsil of social assistance tributes to what they see and/or do about the city counsil of public assistance politics management .Finally the secundary data assemblance was realized through a documental and biographical cashback. Finally, it was verified that the contribution of the citizen participation in the municipal council in the management of the assistance policy is characterized by actions directed to the improvement and emptied of force for transformation.
Esta disserta??o analisa a participa??o cidad? no Conselho Municipal (2015-2016) e sua contribui??o para gest?o da Pol?tica de Assist?ncia Social de Feira de Santana- BA, e pretende demostrar a gest?o participativa como processo tra?ado e compreendido ? luz das rela??es de poder. Na perspectiva de estabelecer as fases da investiga??o, elegeu-se como objetivos espec?ficos: caracterizar como os participantes das reuni?es do Conselho Municipal de Assist?ncia Social definem e identificam as demandas sociais que s?o levadas para a pauta; averiguar com s?o negociadas e formalizadas as contribui??es da participa??o cidad? na gest?o da pol?tica municipal de Assist?ncia Social, e verificar se as delibera??es emitidas pelo Conselho Municipal de Assist?ncia Social t?m acompanhamento para sua realiza??o efetiva. Para tanto, o estudo em quest?o apoiou-se em um referencial te?rico que considerou de suma import?ncia discorrer sobre a quest?o do Estado ampliado, Sociedade Civil: dos cl?ssicos ? realidade brasileira, as Rela??es de Poder Entre Interesses e Disputas. Na sequ?ncia, Breve Hist?rico da Pol?tica P?blica de Assist?ncia Social no Brasil, Estrutura e Funcionamento dos Conselhos Gestores de Assist?ncia Social e a Pedagogia da Participa??o. A metodologia utilizada configurou-se com um estudo de campo de natureza descritiva e abordagem qualitativa, sendo que o p?blico alvo foram os participantes das reuni?es do Conselho Municipal de Assist?ncia Social, e a eles foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observa??o assistem?tica, considerando os princ?pios ?ticos que normatizam pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos. Para a an?lise e discuss?o dos resultados, foi utilizada a t?cnica da an?lise de conte?do, o que permitir? a compreens?o do significado que os participantes das reuni?es do Conselho Municipal de Assist?ncia Social atribuem ao que v?em e/ou fazem no que diz respeito ? gest?o da Pol?tica Municipal de Assist?ncia Social. A coleta de dados secund?rios foi realizada atrav?s de um levantamento bibliogr?fico e documental. Finalmente, verificou-se que a contribui??o da participa??o cidad? no conselho municipal, na gest?o da pol?tica de assist?ncia, caracteriza-se por a??es direcionadas ao aprimoramento, e esvaziadas de for?a para transforma??o.

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49

Leduka, Moliehi. "Participatory budgeting in the South African local government context : the case of the Mantsopa local municipality, Free State Province". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2835.

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Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
This study was carried out to assess the extent of citizen participation in local government decision-making, with focus on the local government budgeting processes. A framework of participatory budgeting in Porto Alegre, Brazil is used to assess participation in budgeting in the Mantsopa Local Municipality in the Free State Province with a view to drawing appropriate lessons for South Africa as a whole. The research looks at three important concepts in governance. The first is the issue of good governance. The second is citizen participation and collaboration as cornerstones of good governance. The third is participatory budgeting as an aspect of citizen participation and collaborative decisionmaking. A multiple research approach was employed, which included the use of focus group discussions, and interviews to examine the level of citizen participation in local government decision-making process within the Mantsopa Municipality. Municipal documents and records were used to analyse the existing situation within the municipality. The research found out that the political and administrative elites are still holding on to power that should be in the hands of citizens. Civil society groups are still being neglected in local government decision-making. Citizens are also not being encouraged and mobilised to take part in the budget process. The issue of racial discrimination in engaging citizens in decision-making still exists. Mostly, the white business and farming community felt that they were largely excluded from these processes.

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50

Mannya, Clement. "Stakeholder involvement in strategic planning and management at the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Council". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71840.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Local government in South Africa has gone through the transitional phase to become developmental with a number of challenges, one of the most prominent of which has been the lack of adequate financial resources to carry out various service delivery obligations. The lack of financial resources was one of the important reasons that led to local authorities being reduced from 843 to 284 municipalities through the process of re-demarcation that resulted in the consolidation of most of the local authorities. Because of these long standing challenges of financial viability, the objective of the study was to investigate stakeholder involvement in strategic planning and management within the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Council. It had become evident that existing financial constraints in municipalities in general and at Ekurhuleni in particular would remain for the foreseeable future, unless ways and means are found to improve the management of existing resources. The contention in this study is that the inclusion of stakeholders in strategic planning and management should be viewed as important to the Metro as it significantly lessens the doubt as to whether there is a common understanding of what is possible given the limited resource capacity to address many competing service delivery needs. The literature study undertaken showed that local government has learnt lessons from the private sector, and has adopted some of its strategic planning and management practices and adapted them to suit public service delivery needs. In South Africa the local government planning framework is called integrated development planning (IDP). The IDP approach entails the formulation of focused plans, based on developmental priorities. This approach assists in avoiding wasteful expenditure and perpetuating past spending patterns. Furthermore, the idea of adopting a more business-based approach does therefore not mean that the council is run like a company but rather that scarce resources are spent effectively and that all citizens have access to at least a minimum level of basic services. The IDP should be undertaken through participatory processes for effective urban management given the fact that private and public investments and municipal services delivery affect the well-being of all urban residents. Observation at the Ekurhuleni Metro revealed that while strategic planning and management does take place, it does not involve various stakeholders in the processes in a manner that is contemplated by the integrated development planning framework. The absence of a public participation strategy at the Metro meant that methods of engagement, consultation and communication with stakeholders are not clearly spelled out. So is the identification of various stakeholders in terms of the needs, the roles that they can play in the planning processes, allocation of resources to facilitate their participation and empowerment in various planning processes. It was the conclusion of the study that there is limited stakeholder involvement in strategic planning and management at the Ekurhuleni Metro.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Plaaslike regering in Suid-Afrika het deur ‘n oorgangsfase na ‘n ontwikkelings orientasie gevorder maar het ook ‘n aantal uitdagings bygekry. Die prominentste een hiervan is die gebrek aan fondse om die verskillende dienslewering verpligtinge na te kom. Die gebrek aan finansiële bronne was een van die belangrike redes vir die reduksie van plaaslike owerhede van 843 na 284 munisipaliteit deur die proses van her-afbakening wat gelei het tot die konsolidasie van die meeste plaaslike owerhede. In die lig van die lang-durige aard van die uitdagings van finansiële lewensvatbaarheid, ondersoek hierdie studie belanghebber betrokkenheid in strategiese beplanning en bestuur binne die Ekurhuleni Metropolitaanse Raad. Dit het duidelik geword dat die bestaande finansiële beperkings in munisipaliteite in die algemeen, en in Ekurhuleni in die besonder, so sal bly in die voorsienbare toekoms, tensy meganismes gevind kan word waarmee die bestuur van die bestaande bronne verbeter kan word. Die studie voer aan dat die betrokkenheid van belanghebbers in strategiese beplanning en bestuur as belangrik geag behoort te word in die Metro aangesien dit die onsekerheid oor ‘n gedeelde verstaan van wat moontlik is met die beperkte bronne kapasiteit in die hantering van die baie kompeterende diens behoeftes, verminder. Die literatuurstudie poog om aan te toon dat plaaslike regerings lesse geleer het by die privaatsektor en sommige van die stategiese beplanning en bestuurspraktyke opgeneem en aangepas het by die publieke diensleweringsbehoeftes. In Suid-Afrika word die plaaslike regering beplanningsraamwerke, geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsplanne genoem (IDP). Die IDP benadering vereis die formulering van gefokusde planne, gebaseer op ontwikkelingsprioriteite. Hierdie benadering vermy verkwistende uitgawes en die voortsetting van uitgawepatrone van die verlede. Verder beteken die aanvaarding van ‘n besigheidsgeoriënteerde benadering nie dat die raad soos ‘n besigheid bestuur word nie maar eerder dat skaars bronne effektief bestuur word en dat alle burgers ten minste toegang tot minimum dienste het. Die IDP behoort deur deelnemende prosesse uitgevoer te word ten einde effektiewe stedelike bestuur te verseker, gegee die feit dat private en publieke beleggings en minisipale dienste die welsyn van alle stedelike inwoners affekteer. Waarnemings by die Ekurhuleni Metro bring aan die lig dat, terwyl strategiese beplanning en bestuur wel plaasvind, dit nie verskillende belanghebbers op die wyse betrek wat in die geïntegreede beplanningsraamwerk voorsien word nie. Die afwesigheid van publieke deelname in die Metro het beteken dat meganismes van deelname, konsultasie en kommunikasie met belanghebbers nie duidelik gemaak word nie. Dieselfde geld vir die identifikasie van verskillende belanghebbers in terme van belanghebberbehoeftes, die rol wat hulle kan speel in die beplanningsprosesse, die toewysing van bronne en die bemagtiging van belanghebbers om hul deelname te verseker. Dit is die slotsom van die studie dat daar beperkte belanghebber betrokkenheid in strategiese beplanning en bestuur in die Ekurhuleni Metro is.

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