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Tesi sul tema "Multiculturalism Australia"
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1
Broinowski, Alison. "About face : Asian representations of Australia /". View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20030404.135751/index.html.
Testo completo
2
Stephenson, Peta. "Beyond black and white : Aborigines, Asian-Australians and the national imaginary /". Connect to thesis, 2003. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1708.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines how Aboriginality, ‘Asianness’ and whiteness have been imagined from Federation in 1901 to the present. It recovers a rich but hitherto largely neglected history of twentieth century cross-cultural partnerships and alliances between Indigenous and Asian-Australians. Commercial and personal intercourse between these communities has existed in various forms on this continent since the pre-invasion era. These cross-cultural exchanges have often been based on close and long-term shared interests that have stemmed from a common sense of marginalisation from dominant Anglo-Australian society. At other times these cross-cultural relationships have ranged from indifference to hostility, reflecting the fact that migrants of Asian descent remain the beneficiaries of the dispossession of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. (For complete abstract open document)
3
Hayes, Ali. "Multiculturalism in Australia: Enhancing social harmony and equality of opportunity". Thesis, Hayes, Ali (2013) Multiculturalism in Australia: Enhancing social harmony and equality of opportunity. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/16694/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation assesses the efficacy of multicultural policy and argues in favour of such policies in the Australian context by an exploration of relevant literature and data. In 1972, multiculturalism ended the previous policies of assimilation and integration, and required that all members of society have equal rights to realise their potential while being able to maintain their culture. The Galbally Report (1978) identified the underlying principles of Australian multiculturalism and focussed on the equality of all members of Australian society to have equal access to programs and services.
There has been debate surrounding the effectiveness of multiculturalism and whether multiculturalism in Australia is an ideological policy vision or merely a description of society. This ‘post-multicultural’ period is a legacy of the previous Howard Government, which endures in the form of the present government’s ‘watered down’ multicultural policy. Most post-multiculturalism literature describes multiculturalism as mainly a feel-good celebration of diversity which tends to ignore socioeconomic inequalities and can trivialise cultural differences. It has also been argued that multiculturalism can polarise society into ethnic and native groups.
Multiculturalism can be described as a state-based socio-political policy approach which responds to the ethnic diversification of a society and any potentially negative socio-political and economic consequences arising from increased ethnic diversity. Australia cannot return to being a uni-cultural society and therefore government policy and programs must continue to cater to the needs of an ethnically and culturally diverse society. In Australia’s experience, having a multicultural policy, by working with ethnic diversity rather than enforcing social and cultural uniformity, has been more effective at fostering the wellbeing of individuals and social harmony. This dissertation adds a positive perspective to the discussion of multiculturalism in Australia. This dissertation also proposes a modification to the conceptual basis of multicultural policy development at the Commonwealth government level which will address concerns over any shortcomings of multiculturalism.
4
Phillips, Jacqueline 1980. "Native title law as 'recognition space'? : an analysis of indigenous claimant engagement with law's demands". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101825.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis engages in a critique of the concept of Australian native title law as a 'recognition space'. It doing so, it treats native title law as a form of identity politics, the courts a forum in which claims for the recognition of identity are made. An overview of multicultural theories of recognition exposes what is signified by the use of recognition discourse and situates this rhetoric in political and theoretical context. A critique of native title recognition discourse is then developed by reference to the insights of sociolegal scholarship, critical theory, critical anthropology and legal pluralism. These critiques suggest that legal recognition is affective and effective. This thesis highlights native title law's false assumptions as to cultural coherence and subject stasis by exploring law's demands and indigenous claimant engagement with these demands. In this analysis, law's constitutive effect is emphasized. However, a radical constructivist approach is eschewed, subject engagement explored and agency located in the limits of law's constitutive power. The effects of legal recognition discourse, its productive and enabling aspects, are considered best understood by reference to Butler's notion of provisional 'performativity'. Ultimately, claimant 'victories' of resistance and subversion are considered not insignificant, but are defined as temporary and symbolic by virtue of the structural context in which they occur.
5
Sanzaro-Nishimura, Jennifer. "Emblems of Identity : Seeking Popular Symbols that Identify Contemporary Australians". Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366942.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This exegesis explores emblems of identity worn by contemporary Australians. Emblems are intrinsic to most cultures and have specific histories within Europe, Japan and Indigenous Australia. I investigate the historic use of emblems as a visual language of identification and their relationship to the manner in which society and its communities are structured. Notably, this research focuses on the constructed Australian identity as conveyed through the symbols that adorn leisure-wear and apparel worn at Australian sporting events. Through globalisation and marketing, symbols have been co-opted for “high end” fashion accessories and worldwide distribution. This thesis examines the implications of heraldry, Japanese kamon (family crests) and Indigenous designs in the popular-culture context. The exegesis also analyses the seemingly inextricable connection between alcohol consumption and popular team sports in Australia through branded sponsorship of major sporting codes (mainly male).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
6
Mann, J. (Jatinder). "The search for a new national identity : a comparative study of the rise of multiculturalism in Canada and Australia, 1890s-1970s". Phd thesis, Department of History, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13717.
Testo completo
7
Pitman, Julia Louise. "Sea of faces : the development of multiculturalism in the Uniting Church in Australia /". Title page, contents and introduction only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arp685.pdf.
Testo completo
8
Leuner, Beata. "Migration, multiculturalism and language maintenance in Australia Polish migration to Melbourne in the 1980s". Bern Berlin Bruxelles Frankfurt, M. New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2006. http://d-nb.info/987719769/04.
Testo completo
9
Clarence, Emma Louise. "Understanding the rise of Pauline Hanson : multiculturalism and national identity in Australia 1945-1998". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438086.
Testo completo
10
Gorman, Jospeh. "Off the Ball: Ethnicity, Commercialism and Australian Football, 1974-2004". Thesis, Department of History, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8817.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite its seemingly marginal role in Australian sport, football (soccer) contributed significantly to public debates regarding multiculturalism and imagined Australian national identity. This thesis explores the relationship between the ongoing de-ethnicisation of Australian football and the game’s rapid commercialisation. I contend that the introduction of a new professional competition in 2004 rounded out decades of attempts by football administrators to downplay the ethnic image of the game in order to sell the game to a ‘mainstream’ audience.
11
Loewald, Uyen. "Multicultural community development /". View thesis, 1994. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031202.153318/index.html.
Testo completo
12
Enders, Michael Leonard. "Gettin' acquainted : film, ethnicity and Australian society". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36279/1/36279_Enders_1996.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis uses a cultural studies- based social- cultural- historical methodology to
compare changes in depictions of ethnicity in selected Australian feature films
produced from 1930 to 1995 to changes in Australian immigration policy over the
same period. The aim is to identify the relationship between feature film
depictions and the societies which produced them. The study will show that
depictions of ethnicity in Australian feature films have progressed through three
phases in line with the changes in Australian immigration policy from 'white
Australia' (1930-1946) to assimilation (194 7 -1971) to multiculturalism (1972-
present) .
The study also proposes a model of 'cultural absorption' as better alternative than
'reflection' to explain the means by which social-cultural beliefs and values are
transferred from society to feature films. The results of this study confirm that
the myths and social cultural beliefs and values of a society can be identified by
analysing the cultural artefacts, such as feature films, produced by that society.
This means that it is possible to identify the myths, beliefs and values of past
moments in Australian social history by analysing feature films produced by that
society. Identifying changes in society and culture and the mechanisms which
brought them about provides a means of better understanding contemporary
society and culture and how future changes may affect social and cultural
evolution.
13
Protopopov, Michael Alex, e res cand@acu edu au. "The Russian Orthodox Presence In Australia: The History of a Church told from recently opened archives and previously unpublished sources". Australian Catholic University. School of Philosophy and Theology, 2005. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp87.09042006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Russian Orthodox community is a relatively small and little known group in Australian society, however, the history of the Russian presence in Australia goes back to 1809. As the Russian community includes a number of groups, both Christian and non-Christian, it would not be feasible to undertake a complete review of all aspects of the community and consequently, this work limits itself in scope to the Russian Orthodox community. The thesis broadly chronicles the development of the Russian community as it struggles to become a viable partner in Australia’s multicultural society. Many never before published documents have been researched and hitherto closed archives in Russia have been accessed. To facilitate this research the author travelled to Russia, the United States and a number of European centres to study the archives of pre-Soviet Russian communities. Furthermore, the archives and publications of the Australian and New Zealand Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church have been used extensively. The thesis notes the development of Australian-Russian relations as contacts with Imperial Russian naval and scientific ships visiting the colonies increase during the 1800’s and traces this relationship into the twentieth century. With the appearance of a Russian community in the nineteenth century, attempts were made to establish the Russian Orthodox Church on Australian soil. However, this did not eventuate until the arrival of a number of groups of Russian refugees after the Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War (1918-1922). As a consequence of Australia’s “Populate or Perish” policy following the Second World War, the numbers of Russian and other Orthodox Slavic displaced persons arriving in this country grew to such an extent that the Russian Church was able to establish a diocese in Australia, and later in New Zealand. The thesis then divides the history of the Russian Orthodox presence into chapters dealing with the administrative epochs of each of the ruling bishops. This has proven to be a suitable matrix for study as each period has its own distinct personalities and issues. The successes, tribulations and challengers of the Church in Australia are chronicled up to the end of the twentieth century. However, a further chapter deals with the issue of the Church’s prospects in Australia and its relevance to future generations of Russian Orthodox people. As the history of the Russians in this country has received little attention in the past, this work gives a broad spectrum of the issues, people and events associated with the Russian community and society at large, whilst opening up new opportunities for further research.
14
Zournazi, Mary. "A poetics of foreignness". Thesis, View thesis, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/27424.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis is about the ontology and epistemology of foreignness. With other issues,it developed through a series of conversations on foreignness with Australian and international writers and intellectuals, and a subsequent series of radio essays and conversations based on some of the dialogues. A critical framework is developed which examines the relationships between foreignness, cultural identity and the practice of writing through a series of dialogues. The author's analysis involves exploring how the conversations 'speak' the personal and political experiences of living and writing as a foreigner. The interest lies in the various ways narrating one's life touches on certain elements in the aesthetics and politics of writing.The politics of experience and aesthethic production intertwine throughout the conversations and in the production of the text. As the thesis is dialogic in character, the reader can choose to work through the thesis in a linear fashion or to begin at any part. In this sense, the work is divided into three interrelated parts which can be read as different translations of each other. In the last part, in CD format, the author discusses and includes as a postscript to the research, the radio essays and dialogues based on conversations. It is suggested how these radio conversations enact a different way of speaking and writing about foreignness, and explore the on-going relationships between dialogue, translation and a critical imagination.
15
Vávrová, Tereza. "Imigrační politika Austrálie: minulost a současnost". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11972.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper deals with Australian immigration policy, its evolution and current situation. It analyses different waves of immigration to Australia from 1788, describing the first British migration, gold related Chinese migration or 19th century non-british migration. It goes further to explain controversial White Australia Policy including The Immigration Restriction Act of 1901 and core concepts of whiteness and Britishness. The post-war mass immigration program is then described in detail and its relation to shift away from White Australia is shown. The objective of keeping Australia white and British was substantially modified through the 1950s and 1960s. It was Prime Minister Gough Whitlam who officialy ended the White Australia Policy in 1973 and gave its support to the concept of multiculturalism. Measures of the Fraser, Hawke and Keating governments concerning immigration policy are also treated. The theme of Czechs and Slovaks in Australia is included, emphasizing on personal story of one czech immigrant. As the perception of immigration in Australia evolved from assimilation to multicultural society, the Australian approach to multiculturalism is covered in the next part of the thesis. Critical views on multiculturalism are decribed as well as the rise of Pauline Hanson's One Nation in 1990s or the topic of Australian Muslims. Changes in immigration policy under the Howard government and possible directions of new Labor government are outlined in the next chapter, including issues of refugees, current visa system in Australia or public attitudes towards immigrants.
16
Williamson, Rebecca Jan. "Mundane Multiculture: Belonging as Spatial Practice in Suburban Sydney". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14540.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Global cities are being reconfigured through multiple transformations. Cities are places of increasing heterogeneity as a result of heightened flows of human mobility, setting the stage for negotiations of strangerhood and intercultural encounter. They are epicentres for new registers of belonging, allegiance and citizenship arising in the context of these broader transitions. Drawing on relational theories of the city and critical readings of urban diversity, this thesis interrogates how multi-ethnic neighbourhoods shape experiences of belonging for migrant inhabitants. It argues that pluralist policies largely attempt to coordinate and contain urban diversity, often leaving yawning fissures between politicised rhetoric and the lived socio-materialities of the city. These processes are particularly evident in the city of Sydney, the preeminent global city in Australia, a ‘nation of immigration’. This study and its analysis offers an alternative to conventional migration studies that privilege the ethnic lens, by applying a place-based approach and a Lefebvrian frame of analysis to residents’ place making practices in a highly diverse, transitional suburb. The research uses urban ethnographic methods, including observation and interviews with migrant residents and local ‘space managers’, to analyse the interactional and sociospatial orders of three suburban public spaces. Drawing on this rich empirical data, the study not only argues that local space is produced at the intersection of spatial practices, regimes of urban governance, and multicultural discourses, but that it is fundamental to understanding migrants’ subjective experience of ‘being at home’ in both local and national space. This approach provides critical insight into the uneven integration of arrivals into collective urban culture, as well as possibilities for generating urban civilities in a unique study of Campsie, New South Wales. If new processes of exclusion are regulating human flows at sovereign borders, it is critically important to also understand how spatial marginalisation unfolds in the intimate spaces of the increasingly diverse and mobile city.
17
Baghdadi, Fadi. "Abnaa’u Marj el-Zhour: Lebanese Migration and Citizenship in Wollongong". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20697.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The confessional system in Lebanon was designed in response to the diversity of cultures and religions in Lebanon’s sectarian society. However, Lebanese immigrant communities are commonly understood through their shared national identity. In Australia, the majority of Lebanese migrants emigrated from Northern Lebanon and settled in Western Sydney. This has resulted in the dominant image of Lebanese living in Australia constructed academically and discursively in the national imaginary through the experiences of Western Sydney Lebanese who emigrated from Northern Lebanon. Drawing on 38 semi-structured interviews from four generations of Lebanese migrants from Marj el-Zhour living in Wollongong, this study explores how Lebanese Muslim migrants living in Wollongong maintain the social relations of their transnational diaspora village, navigate questions surrounding their citizenship and political loyalty, and form their own localised ethnic and religious identities in the contemporary globalised multicultural nation-state. Like many high immigrant intake Western nations, Australia’s immigration policy in the 1970s and 1980s was one which asked unskilled migrants to assimilate and succumb to their proletarianization. However, a fundamental morality of social reciprocity fostered in the village of Marj el-Zhour, challenged the process of individuation and independence promoted by an individualist Australian capitalism. I draw on Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical framework of field, habitus, capital, and illusio to understand how the social relations of reciprocity that are fostered in Marj el-Zhour continue to orient and guide the migrants when navigating the new social, political, and economic environments they entered in the migration process. Migration studies documents the ways multicultural societies are comprised through the formation of ethnic communities. Drawing on the theoretical framework of Renato Rosaldo, I chart the increasing visibility of Lebanese ethnicity as marking one culturally visible and therefore signifying their distance from the dominant Anglo-Celtic culture of Australian society. Following the events of the 9/11 Islamist terrorist attacks in New York, international migration was increasingly framed as a security problem in the West and debate about Muslim difference in Australia and throughout the western world shifted from a discussion about cultural compatibility to a politics of loyalty. The marrying of a “security threat” and “politics of loyalty” symbolised through a transnationalised Muslim Other marks Lebanese Muslim citizens as visible through an essentialised cultural difference. In this environment, there is a conditionality of Muslim citizenship on the basis Muslim citizens continuously demonstrate their loyalty to the nation-state. This loyalty is signified by their commitment to achieving cultural invisibility. Therefore, I explore the various strategies Lebanese Muslims adopt to reduce their distance from the dominant Anglo-Celtic culture and overcome the conditionality of the citizenship in Australian society. However, Lebanese Muslim migrants living in Wollongong are not merely victims who endure, lacking agency in a social field which internationalises the conditionality of their citizenship. Rather, by understanding their experiences through the enduring influence of a culture of moral reciprocity and the generative properties of the habitus, I illustrate the ways Lebanese Muslim migrants in Wollongong actively engage with and affect social change in Australian society.
18
Cohen, Erez. "Re-thinking the 'migrant community' : a study of Latin American migrants and refugees in Adelaide". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc6782.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 259-270) Based on 18-months fieldwork, 1997-1999, in various organisations, social clubs and radio programs that were constructed by participants and 'outsiders' as an expression of a local migrant community. Attempts to answer and challenge what it means to be a Latin American in Adelaide and in what sense Latin American migrants and refugees in Adelaide can be spoken about as members of an 'ethnic/migrant community' in relation to the official multiculturalism discourse and popular representations of migrants in Australia.
19
Anderson, Zoe Melantha Helen. "At the borders of belonging : representing cultural citizenship in Australia, 1973-1984". University of Western Australia. History Discipline Group, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0176.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[Truncated abstract] This thesis offers a re-contextualisation of multiculturalism and immigration in Australia in the 1970s and 80s in relation to crucial and progressive shifts in gender and sexuality. It provides new ways of examining issues of belonging and cultural citizenship in this field of inquiry, within an Australian context. The thesis explores the role sexuality played in creating a framework through which anxieties about immigration and multiculturalism manifested. It considers how debates about gender and sexuality provided fuel to concerns about ethnic diversity and breaches of the 'cultural' borders of Australia. I have chosen three significant historical moments in which anxieties around events relating to immigration/multiculturalism were most heightened: these are the beginning of the 'official' policy of multiculturalism in Australia in 1973; the arrival of large numbers of Vietnamese refugees as a consequence of the Vietnam War in 1979; and 1984, a year in which the furore over the alleged 'Asianisation' of Australia reached a peak. In these years, multiple and recurring representations served to recreate norms as applicable to the white heterosexual family, not only as a commentary and prescriptive device for migrants, but as a means of reinforcing 'Australianness' itself. A focus on the body as a border/site of belonging and in turn, crucially, its relationship to the heterosexual nuclear family as a marker of 'cultural citizenship', lies at the heart of this exploration. Normative ideas of gender and sexuality, I demonstrate, were integral in informing the ambivalence about multiculturalism and ethnic diversity in Australia. Indeed, for each of these years I examine how the discourses of gender and sexuality, evident for example in parliamentary debates such as that relating to the Sex Discrimination Act 1984, were intricately tied to ongoing concerns regarding growing non-white ethnicity in Australia, and indeed, enabled it. ... In pursuing this contribution, the work draws critically upon recent innovative interdisciplinary scholarship in the field of sexuality and immigration, and draws upon a broad range of sources to inform a comprehensive and complex examination of these issues. Sources employed include the major newspapers and periodicals of the time, Parliamentary debates from the Commonwealth House of Representatives, Parliamentary Committee findings and publications, speeches and polemics, and relevant legislation. This inquiry is an interrogation of a key methodological question: can sexuality, in its workings through ethnicity and 'race', be used as a primary tool of analysis in discussing how whiteness and 'Australianness' reconfigured itself through normative heteropatriarchy in an era that claimed to champion and celebrate difference? How and why did ambiguities concerning 'Australianness' prevail, concurrent with progressive and generally politically benign periods of Australian multiculturalism? The thesis argues that sexuality through the construction of the 'good white hetero-patriarchal family' both informed, and enabled, the endurance of anxieties around non-white ethnicity in Australia.
20
Coward, Ann Art History & Theory UNSW. "Museums and Australia???s Greek textile heritage: the desirability and ability of State museums to be inclusive of diverse cultures through the reconciliation of public cultural policies with private and community concerns". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Art History and Theory, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31957.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis explores the desirability of Australia???s State museums to be inclusive of diverse cultures. In keeping with a cultural studies approach, and a commitment to social action, emphasis is placed upon enhancing the ability of State museums to fulfil obligations and expectations imposed upon them as modern collecting institutions in a culturally diverse nation. By relating the desirability and ability of State museums to attaining social justice in a multicultural Australia through broadening the concept of Australia???s heritage, the thesis is firmly situated within post-colonial discourse. The thesis analyses State multicultural, heritage, and museum legislation, in New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland, with regard to State museums as agents of cultural policy. Results from a survey, Greeks and Museums, conducted amongst Australia???s Greeks in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, reveal an anomaly between their museum-going habits and the perception of those habits as expressed by government policies promoting the inclusion of Australians of a non-English speaking background in the nation???s cultural programmes. In exploring the issue of inclusiveness, the thesis highlights the need for cultural institutions to shift the emphasis away from audience development, towards greater audience participation. The thesis outlines an initiative-derived Queensland Model for establishing an inclusive relationship between museums and communities, resulting in permanent, affordable, and authoritative collections, while simultaneously improving the museums??? international reputation and networking capabilities. By using the example of one of the nation???s non-indigenous communities, and drawing upon material obtained through the survey, and a catalogue containing photographs and lists of Greek textile collections found in the Powerhouse Museum (MAAS), Sydney, the National Gallery of Victoria and the Immigration Museum, Melbourne, the Queensland Art Gallery and the Queensland Museum, Brisbane, as well as collections owned by private individuals, the thesis focuses on the role played by museums in constructing social cohesion and inclusiveness.
21
Loewald, Uyen. "Multicultural community development". Thesis, View thesis, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/341.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis is concerned with migrants’ experience of their acceptance and well-being in Australian society, particularly the unconscious processes reflected in dreams and communication patterns; the provision of services intended to be of help in settlement; and the relationship between the unconscious processes and the provision of services. Collaborating with clients, colleagues who share similar interests and concerns, people with special skills and cultural knowledge, and some Management Committee members of the Migrant Resource Centre of Canberra and Queanbeyan, Inc. the author has investigated the multicultural unconscious, government policies and guidelines related to services to recent arrivals and people of non-English-speaking backgrounds, measures to address gaps in services for appropriate improvement. The research approach is naturalistic with a strong emphasis on the author’s personal reflections and case studies of people and projects.
22
May, Harvey Brian. "Australian Multicultural Policy and Television Drama in Comparative Contexts". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15835/1/Harvey_May_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines changes which have occurred since the late 1980s and early 1990s with respect to the representation of cultural diversity on Australian popular drama programming. The thesis finds that a significant number of actors of diverse cultural and linguistic background have negotiated the television industry employment process to obtain acting roles in a lead capacity. The majority of these actors are from the second generation of immigrants, who increasingly make up a significant component of Australia's multicultural population. The way in which these actors are portrayed on-screen has also shifted from one of a 'performed' ethnicity, to an 'everyday' portrayal. The thesis develops an analysis which connects the development and broad political support for multicultural policy as expressed in the National Agenda for a Multicultural Australia to the changes in both employment and representation practices in popular television programming in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The thesis addresses multicultural debates by arguing for a mainstreaming position. The thesis makes detailed comparison of cultural diversity and television in the jurisdictions of the United States, the United Kingdom and New Zealand to support the broad argument that cultural diversity policy measures produce observable outcomes in television programming.
23
May, Harvey Brian. "Australian Multicultural Policy and Television Drama in Comparative Contexts". Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15835/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines changes which have occurred since the late 1980s and early 1990s with respect to the representation of cultural diversity on Australian popular drama programming. The thesis finds that a significant number of actors of diverse cultural and linguistic background have negotiated the television industry employment process to obtain acting roles in a lead capacity. The majority of these actors are from the second generation of immigrants, who increasingly make up a significant component of Australia's multicultural population. The way in which these actors are portrayed on-screen has also shifted from one of a 'performed' ethnicity, to an 'everyday' portrayal. The thesis develops an analysis which connects the development and broad political support for multicultural policy as expressed in the National Agenda for a Multicultural Australia to the changes in both employment and representation practices in popular television programming in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The thesis addresses multicultural debates by arguing for a mainstreaming position. The thesis makes detailed comparison of cultural diversity and television in the jurisdictions of the United States, the United Kingdom and New Zealand to support the broad argument that cultural diversity policy measures produce observable outcomes in television programming.
24
Tzavaras, Annette. "Transforming perceptions of Islamic culture in Australia through collaboration in contemporary art". Faculty of Creative Arts, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/120.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
My creative work investigates the negative space, the ‘in between space’ that leads to new knowledge about other artists and other cultures. The fundamental and distinctive elements of Islamic pattern in my paintings in the exhibition Dialogue in Diversity are based on my own experience of misinformation as well as rewarding collaboration within a culturally blended family.This research explores the continuity of the arabesque and polygon. I experiment with the hexagon and its geometric shapes, with its many repeat patterns and the interrelatedness of the negative space, or the void indicative of the space between layers of past and present civilizations that are significant fundamentals in my paintings.The thesis Transforming perceptions of Islamic culture in Australia through collaboration in contemporary art traces the visual history of Orientalist art, beginning with a key image of Arthur Streeton, Fatima Habiba, painted in 1897 and contrasts Streeton’s perception with that of important Islamic women artists working globally such as Emily Jacir who participated in the Zones of Contact 2006 Biennale of Sydney.A core element of my research is working with emerging artists from Islamic backgrounds in Western Sydney. The February 2007 exhibition Transforming Perceptions Via . . . at the University of Wollongong brought together artists from east and west.By adopting the Islamic pattern in my paintings, I hope to strengthen the interaction between the Christian and Muslim interface in Australian contemporary society. My work contemplates the human aspects of relationships and responsibilities within the cross cultural spectrum.
25
Henderson, Garry Stewart. "A stirring of cultures: The contest for place, belonging and identity in Australia". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1566.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The creative work, The Wounded Sinner, and the accompanying exegesis, form a volume of writing that considers aspects of place and belonging in a contemporary Australian context through the agencies of Aboriginality, migration and homelessness. While these issues are present and, at times, contentious in the structure of modern Australian society they have roots in past eras of empire building, racism and the movement from agrarianism to industrialisation. The characters are drawn from my own experiences and, as such, validate both the creative work and give the exegesis substance.
Jeanie Bayona is an Aboriginal woman who was raised, from infancy, by an Anglo family in Perth. She and her partner, Matthew, a fellow teacher, move to Leonora in the eastern goldfields, the lands of the ‘dingo dreamers,’ her people. Jeanie is for many years content to exist on the edge of Aboriginal society, reluctant to leave the security of the ‘white’ life she had grown up with. However, her eldest daughter, Jaylene, already enmeshed in both worlds, challenges Jeanie to answer the spiritual calling to embrace her roots.
Matthew Andrews is chasing the elusive dream to become a writer while nursing his ailing father in the ancestral home, The Wounded Sinner, in Guildford. He lacks the ability to do either well. Still, it keeps him away from the responsibility of fatherhood three weeks out of four and for that he is secretly grateful. However, five years of commuting from Leonora to Perth has strained Jeanie and Matthew’s relationship, though Matthew rarely sees anything outside of his ego-centric world.
Both Jeanie and Matthew engage in new relationships: she with the perverse Ben Poulson and he, the troubled Vince Romano and homeless ex-Vietnam veteran, Lazslo Smith. The central character of the creative work, however, is the old Guildford house, The Wounded Sinner, which symbolises the old establishment values that were, for better or worse, the values that built Australia. Australia is undergoing change which The Wounded Sinner is raggedly reluctant to accept. It remains a bastion of Anglo-Celtic ideals and is personified through Matthew’s father, Archie, as he rails against what he sees as the ‘problems’ of contemporary Australia: the homeless, the Aboriginals and the non-Anglo Australians.
The exegesis, titled ‘A stirring of cultures: the contest for place, belonging and identity in Australia,’ explains through the experiences of migrants, Aboriginal Australians and the homeless the problems and difficulties of those who don’t meet the strict criteria of the core values representing Anglo-Celtic society. The contest for place, belonging and identity in Australia as expressed in my creative work, The Wounded Sinner, is exemplified in the exegesis around those aforementioned themes and corroborated throughout by a wide authorship, both present and past. Interspersed through the text, too, are personal reflections of relevant episodes that have contributed to my understanding of Australian society and how I am part of it.
26
Ambrosio, Marjorie. "Une esthétique de la déstabilisation : poétique de la fugue dans Birds of Passe, After China, The Garden Book et The Bath Fuges de Brian Castro". Thesis, Avignon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AVIG1140/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Brian Castro, écrivain australien contemporain d’origine chinoise, auteur de dix romans, a été souvent appréhendé par la critique littéraire par le seul biais de ses origines. La lecture de son oeuvre, pourtant, révèle une esthétique et une puissance poétique qui dépassent largement cette catégorie réductrice.Afin d’établir les contours de cette esthétique, le présent travail s’est intéressé à quatre romans qui synthétisent un travail d’écriture de trente années : Birds of Passage (1989), After China (1992), The Garden Book (2005) et The Bath Fugues (2009). Nous brossons tout d’abord un historique de la littérature australienne et des enjeux sociétaux et culturels qui la sous-tendent pour déterminer quelles stratégies l’auteur met en oeuvre pour affirmer une identité littéraire singulière, ni totalement nationale, multiculturelle, ou (post)moderne.Cette singularité posée, nous avons recours à des outils d’analyse empruntant à divers courants de critique littéraire pour dégager les lignes de force esthétiques de l’oeuvre de Castro. La forme musicale de la fugue est en ce sens une clé d’entrée essentielle en ce qu’elle structure autant qu’elle inspire l’écriture de l’auteur, tant au niveau de la caractérisation, du récit ou encore de la diégèse, donnant ainsi naissance à une prose dont la force créatrice n’a rien à envier à la poésie. Pour le lecteur, le résultat en est une expérience de déstabilisation qui vise à l’amener à se questionner sur la perméabilité et la futilité des préjugés et catégories, qu’ils soient sociétaux, culturels ou littérairesAustralian writer Brian Castro is the author of ten novels, among which Birds of Passage (1989), After China (1992), The Garden Book (2005) and The Bath Fugues (2009) – the four works at the core of the present study. Owing to his Chinese origins and his elaborate style, literary criticism in Australia has labelled him an ethnic writer whose novels are deemed overly – and overtly – complex and opaque.Our thesis aims at establishing why Castro’s works, precisely because of their sophistication, deserve an alternate approach. We start with a historical survey of Australia’s “national” and “multicultural” literature. This will bring to light how Castro, being well aware of his nation’s love for social, cultural and literary categorizations, strives to break free from them.This desire permeates the whole of his literary endeavour, and our analysis borrows from several traditions of literary criticism to determine the characteristics of Castro’s unique aesthetics. To achieve this, the musical form of the fugue is a particularly powerful analytic tool, in that this musical genre allows us to better understand the elaborate mechanisms at work in the way the author approaches, among others, characterization, plot and diegesis.Far from the easy reads that Australia’s literature market promotes, Brian Castro’s unique works of fiction are an invitation to embrace destabilization in order to examine a prose whose poetic force will help the reader liberate themselves from established racial, cultural and literary categories
27
Loewald, Uyen, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University e School of Social Ecology and Lifelong Learning. "Multicultural community development". THESIS_XXX_SELL_Loewald_U.xml, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/341.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis is concerned with migrants’ experience of their acceptance and well-being in Australian society, particularly the unconscious processes reflected in dreams and communication patterns; the provision of services intended to be of help in settlement; and the relationship between the unconscious processes and the provision of services. Collaborating with clients, colleagues who share similar interests and concerns, people with special skills and cultural knowledge, and some Management Committee members of the Migrant Resource Centre of Canberra and Queanbeyan, Inc. the author has investigated the multicultural unconscious, government policies and guidelines related to services to recent arrivals and people of non-English-speaking backgrounds, measures to address gaps in services for appropriate improvement. The research approach is naturalistic with a strong emphasis on the author’s personal reflections and case studies of people and projects.Master of Science (Hons) Social Ecology
28
JENKINGS, PATRICIA ANNE BERNADETTE. "Australian Political Elites and Citizenship Education for 'New Australians' 1945-1960". University of Sydney. Policy and Practice, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/815.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This educational history thesis contributes to knowledge of citizenship education in Australia during the 1940s and 1950s. It provides unique perspectives on an important part of Australian citizenship educational history. This examination of citizenship education also helps to explain contemporary trends and the recent revival of citizenship education in multicultural Australia. Following the Second World War, Australian political leaders initiated an unprecedented immigration programme to help develop and defend post-war Australia. The programme enjoyed bipartisan support and was extraordinary in terms of magnitude and nature. It became the catalyst for a citizenship education campaign orchestrated by Federal political leaders for the benefit of all Australians. The citizenship education campaign was, however, primarily aimed at non-British adult migrants. The intention of the Federal Government was to maintain the cultural hegemony of the Anglo-Celts evident in pre-war Australia. In accordance with government policy, the new arrivals were expected to assimilate into the Australian community and become loyal citizens. Citizenship rested on a common national language and thus, the focus was on teaching migrants of non-British origin English for the workplace, everyday intercourse and, as a means to dissuade migrant enclaves. This thesis comprises of three sections which illustrate how the citizenship education campaign was extended through: (i) official education channels; (ii) the media, specifically the Australian Broadcasting Commission; and (iii) annual citizenship conventions which encompasses a case study of the Good Neighbour Movement in New South Wales. These particular areas have been chosen as they identify important and different ways the campaign was expressed and funded. Discussion of the financial arrangements concerning the implementation of the campaign is important as it uniquely illustrates the power of the Federal authorities to direct the campaign as they considered necessary. It also highlights conflict between Federal and State authorities in dealing with the education of new arrivals, primarily due to the traditional two-tier system of government extant in Australia. The general theoretical framework of this thesis emanates from concepts and ideas of writers who illustrate, in general, the concentration of power within Australia society and supports this work's notion of a `top-down' paradigm, i.e. one invariably directed by the nation's political leaders. This paradigm is presented in an effort to provide an appreciation of the powerful nature of the Federal Government's immigration policy and citizenship education campaign in the dramatic post-war reconstruction period. The thesis is related to an elite theory of political change but with due consideration to issues of context, that is, Australian society in the 1940s and 1950s. Understanding that there was a citizenship education campaign provides a novel means of appreciating post-war immigration policy. The campaign embedded and tied together multifarious notions extant in the Australian Government policy for the Australian community in meeting the challenges of a nation experiencing massive social and economic change. Significantly, this study helps to explain the shift from the Anglo-Celtic, mono-cultural view of citizenship to one that officially recognises the culturally diverse nature of Australian society today.
29
Jenkins, Patricia Anne Bernadette. "Australian Political Elites and Citizenship Education for 'New Australians' 1945-1960". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/815.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This educational history thesis contributes to knowledge of citizenship education in Australia during the 1940s and 1950s. It provides unique perspectives on an important part of Australian citizenship educational history. This examination of citizenship education also helps to explain contemporary trends and the recent revival of citizenship education in multicultural Australia. Following the Second World War, Australian political leaders initiated an unprecedented immigration programme to help develop and defend post-war Australia. The programme enjoyed bipartisan support and was extraordinary in terms of magnitude and nature. It became the catalyst for a citizenship education campaign orchestrated by Federal political leaders for the benefit of all Australians. The citizenship education campaign was, however, primarily aimed at non-British adult migrants. The intention of the Federal Government was to maintain the cultural hegemony of the Anglo-Celts evident in pre-war Australia. In accordance with government policy, the new arrivals were expected to assimilate into the Australian community and become loyal citizens. Citizenship rested on a common national language and thus, the focus was on teaching migrants of non-British origin English for the workplace, everyday intercourse and, as a means to dissuade migrant enclaves. This thesis comprises of three sections which illustrate how the citizenship education campaign was extended through: (i) official education channels; (ii) the media, specifically the Australian Broadcasting Commission; and (iii) annual citizenship conventions which encompasses a case study of the Good Neighbour Movement in New South Wales. These particular areas have been chosen as they identify important and different ways the campaign was expressed and funded. Discussion of the financial arrangements concerning the implementation of the campaign is important as it uniquely illustrates the power of the Federal authorities to direct the campaign as they considered necessary. It also highlights conflict between Federal and State authorities in dealing with the education of new arrivals, primarily due to the traditional two-tier system of government extant in Australia. The general theoretical framework of this thesis emanates from concepts and ideas of writers who illustrate, in general, the concentration of power within Australia society and supports this work's notion of a `top-down' paradigm, i.e. one invariably directed by the nation's political leaders. This paradigm is presented in an effort to provide an appreciation of the powerful nature of the Federal Government's immigration policy and citizenship education campaign in the dramatic post-war reconstruction period. The thesis is related to an elite theory of political change but with due consideration to issues of context, that is, Australian society in the 1940s and 1950s. Understanding that there was a citizenship education campaign provides a novel means of appreciating post-war immigration policy. The campaign embedded and tied together multifarious notions extant in the Australian Government policy for the Australian community in meeting the challenges of a nation experiencing massive social and economic change. Significantly, this study helps to explain the shift from the Anglo-Celtic, mono-cultural view of citizenship to one that officially recognises the culturally diverse nature of Australian society today.
30
Az-Zubaidy, Thamir Rashid Shayyal. "Multiculturalism in contemporary Australian drama". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/43029.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis investigates the representation of Australia's cultural diversity in contemporary Australian drama from 1990 to 2014. It traces Australian governments' reports and statements of the policy of multiculturalism from 1977 to 2017 and critiques their promulgation of Australian multiculturalism as mainly aligning with the dominant culture. Through its analysis of nine plays by eleven playwrights from diverse cultural backgrounds, plays which reflect Australia's linguistic and cultural diversity, this thesis contends that literary writing - and drama in particular - opens a space for alternative models of multiculturalism. Through its exploration of the journey motif in most of those plays, the thesis challenges the assumption that themes of displacement, alienation and belonging are restricted to works by playwrights from migrant backgrounds. In this sense, it argues that multicultural writing is not restricted to works by writers from migrant backgrounds or dealing with the issues of migration. Through its engagement with the relationship between form and content in these plays, and the role of form in conveying the fluidity of Australian identity, the thesis contributes to scholarship on postcolonial drama. It also argues that resistant postcolonial writing is not restricted to Aboriginal writing but can incorporate works by white and migrant Australians as well.
31
Joumaa, Jamal. "Australian artists of Arabic origin : identity and hope". Thesis, View thesis, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/41020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite the migration of some artists of Arabic origin to Australia since 1947, experimental Australian artists of Arabic origin only began to gain attention for their work from 1975 onwards. The works of those artists who have a migrant background, distinguished, on one hand, by the continuous link between themselves and their cultural heritage and the political and human conditions of their homelands, and on the other hand, being inspired by the social, cultural and political issues of Australian life, which reflect the type and nature of relationships between the artists and their host society. It is important to note the commonalities in efforts of artists to realize their arts with individual imprints, in an attempt to create an aesthetic contribution that confirms their own particularity. In their cultural trends, originating from the values and concerns of their social existence; exploring new artistic values and symbols, and working through different artistic trends and techniques, in ways that reflect their visions about art as a duty, and represent a cultural, aesthetic and moral responsibility, toward the societies of their homelands and their adopted country. At present, this art activity is recognized as having made a vital contribution to Australian cultural life, incorporating serious artistic and cultural concerns, represented by a group of exhibitions. Thus, this study is in the frame of these cultural and artistic efforts, dating to the beginning of this activity in Australia, studying the educational, political, social conditions, which help in the development of this art. It focuses on exposing the artistic elements and their aesthetic and cultural values, the symbols and their relegations, which appear in the works of the participant artists in the frame of the study.
32
Pinillos, Matsuda Derek Kenji. "The doctrine of the educational policies for foreign students in Japan: A comparison between Australian and French educational policies for children of immigrants". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123968.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this article, readers are going to see how foreigners’ children have been treated in the Japanese educational system. Until now, Japan does not have a specific principle idea in their policies; therefore, those are not stable and concrete. In order to investigate how national policies and its doctrine are important in the educational system, this article has examined Australia as a nation introducing the principles of multiculturalism and France as a nation introducing the republicanism in their integrated politics by doing a literature research. The literature that was used in this paper include the policies and critical papers written by experts that has allow us to analyze the pros and cons of their policies. As a result, the Japanese government is urged to create a concrete policy that would support foreign students to better adapt to the society and become a productive human resource to improve the country’s wellbeing.Este artículo examinó la situación actual y pasada de los hijos de extranjeros insertos en el sistema educativo japonés. Hasta ahora, Japón no tiene una idea concreta en sus políticas y es por eso que se puede afirmar que este sistema presenta algunas deficiencias/problemas que pueden ser mejorados. Con el objetivo de ver cómo los principios de las políticas nacionales afectan a la educación, en este artículo se han presentado los ejemplos de Australia, como una nación llevando los principios del multiculturalismo y a Francia, como ejemplo de una nación llevando los principios del republicanismo y sus políticas para la integración de sus ciudadanos. La literatura utilizada en este trabajo incluye las políticas y documentos críticos escritos por expertos, los cuales fueron de gran ayuda para poder analizar los pros y contras de las políticas de los distintos países estudiados.Como resultado, el gobierno japonés va a necesitar una política concreta para apoyar a los estudiantes extranjeros a adaptarse a la sociedad y convertirse en un recurso humano productivo para mejorar el país.
Neste artigo, pode-se verificar como os filhos de estrangeiros têm sido tratados dentro do sistema educacional japonês. Até o momento, o Japão não tem uma política de inclusão bem definida e, consequentemente, seu sistema não está bem estabelecido. Como medida para avaliar a influência dos princípios das políticas nacionais na educação, neste trabalho, foram apresentados exemplos de outros países. Através de uma investigação da literatura, foram estudados os seguintes países, a Austrália, uma nação que cultiva os princípios do multiculturalismo, e a França, levando os princípios do republicanismo e suas políticas de integração dos cidadãos. Esta revisão foi baseada nos princípios e nos respectivos documentos analíticos escritos por especialistas com o objetivo de avaliar as vantagens e desvantagens da política de integração desenvolvida nos países anteriormente mencionados. Em vista disso, sugere-se ao governo japonês a adoção de uma política concreta de apoio aos estudantes estrangeiros a fim de facilitar sua adaptação a sociedade, resultando na formação de recurso humano qualificado e produtivo, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do país.
33
Trimboli, Daniella. "Mediating everyday multiculturalism : performativity and precarious inclusion in Australian digital storytelling". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56911.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation examines the intersection of everyday multiculturalism and digital
storytelling in Australia. Using Judith Butler’s theory of performativity amongst others, the
dissertation addresses the question: what are the ways in which Australian digital
storytelling projects engage with concepts of “cultural diversity” to create complex and
resistant material possibilities for “ethnic Australians”? Digital stories have become a
popular tool in community-based arts projects, representative of an overall turn to the
everyday in Australian contemporary arts practice. The growing popularity of everyday
experiences in art is paralleled by the growing scholarship of everyday multiculturalism; a
new field of study that explores the lived experiences of multicultural encounters in
Australia. Digital stories thus form a social technology at the intersection of key
movements in cultural studies. The dissertation analyses ACMI’s digital storytelling
programme alongside Big hART’s Junk Theory to consider how ethnic bodies are
constructed and mobilised in everyday Australian life in relation to the performative force
of normative whiteness. It then moves to consider the capacity for digital storytelling to
accommodate slippages in the performative chain. The new media practices of Curious
Works are used to illustrate how the discursive force of whiteness can be disrupted via
digital storytelling, making way for a reconstitution of a more complex “ethnic” body in
everyday life.Arts, Faculty of
English, Department of
Graduate
34
Flynn, Warren. "Fragments of the moon (novel) ; and". University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0073.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Fragments of the Moon is a novel set mostly in South Korea, examining relationships between people, interpersonal spaces, architectural spaces and landscape through a cross-cultural context. Matt, a graduate architect from Perth, Australia, finds himself increasingly vulnerable to cultural confusion as he adjusts to life away from his home and friends. Having initially assumed that Seoul's western facade echoes its social dynamic, Matt increasingly discovers that the Confucianism which underpins much of contemporary Korean society makes all relationships far more complex than his assumptions had allowed. Together with a Canadian student who is seeking to find the essence of a different Korea through her investigation of Buddhism, and through meeting diverse Korean characters, readers will discover several of the many facets of contemporary Korean culture. Readers will be encouraged to test the slippery surfaces on which familiar and unfamiliar attitudes to bodies, landscape and created spaces rest. 'Body, Space, Ideas of Home: Cross-cultural Perspectives' (thesis) The thesis examines the interaction of body space, architectural space, landscape, and emotional states in contemporary literary fiction from several cultural perspectives. Bodies, landscapes, and architectural spaces are shown to be devices through which contemporary authors with different cultural backgrounds have expressed character and explored ideas, especially thematic concerns related to cultural or cross-cultural confusion or understanding. Notions of 'feeling at home' and 'being alien' are investigated through the work of authors who either have a cross-cultural heritage (e.g. Jhumpa Lahiri a Bengali/American), or who write about a culture which is not their own (e.g. Dianne Highbridge, an Australian writing about Japan). Several chosen authors explore the relationships between the spiritual and the physical, the metaphysical and the corporeal. These elements are particularly highlighted when examining the narratives of Tim Winton (The Riders, 1994) and Simone Lazaroo (The World Waiting To Be Made, 1994); and two of Japan's most popular writers, Haruki Murakami (Norwegian Wood, 2000) and Banana Yoshimoto (Lizard, 1995). For some writers, this exploration of spaces forms the focal point of their work; for others, it is an important facet of their narrative world, which helps to ground their writing for contemporary readers whose own backgrounds must also influence their understandings.
35
Boillot-Patterson, Kate. "Cuisine et identité nationale en Australie". Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20070.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Plus de 200 ans après sa création, l'Australie est toujours à la recherche d'elle-même. La cuisine a depuis longtemps participé à la création de l'identité. Ce travail apprécie donc la contribution de cette dernière à la construction de l'identité nationale, et notamment du multiculturalisme australien. Dans une première partie, les concepts d'identité, d'authenticité, d'ethnicité, de multiculturalisme, d'hybridité, d'aversion et d'obésité sont exposés. Dans une seconde partie, différentes enquêtes épidémiologiques déjà publiées sur le sujet, ainsi que les enquêtes menées par l'auteur sont exposées. Dans la troisième partie, l'auteur discute des différentes thèses sur l'identité australienne, présente un historique de l'alimentation en Australie, les résultats de ses recherches. Dans la quatrième partie l'auteur apprécie la réelle contribution de la cuisine à la construction identitaire australienne. La place de la cuisine « modern Australian » quoique grandissante est encore marginale, les communautés ethniques continuant de cuisiner selon leurs traditions. Cette recherche interroge donc la dimension multiculturelle de la cuisine australienne : jusqu'à quel point est-elle le reflet, l'expression ou l'horizon d'une identité plurielle qui continue de se chercher et de se confronter aux différents aspects de son histoire ?More than 200 years after white settlement, Australia is still actively engaged in the quest for a national identity. This research reveals the role that cooking and cuisine play in identity construction in Australia and especially multiculturalism. In a first part, the concepts of identity, authenticity, ethnicity as well as hybridity and multiculturalism and their relation to Australian cuisine are studied. Culinary aversion and Australia's obesity issues are also aspects of this research. The representation of food in Australian fiction is also highlighted. In a second part, a statistical analysis is undertaken with regards to an ethnographic survey devised by the author of this thesis as well as a range of reports from the literature. In a third part, the contribution of cooking and food in the development of an Australian identity are analyzed. Though “modern Australian” cuisine is proliferating, it is still at an early stage; ethnic communities continue to cook according to their traditions. This thesis questions the multicultural dimension of Australian foodways. It questions up to what point Australian cuisine is the reflection or the expression of an emerging plural identity in relation to its constant struggle with certain elements of its past
36
Stewart, Brendon F. "It ain't where you're from, it's where you're at". Thesis, [Richmond, N.S.W.] : University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/250.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The focus of this thesis is to emphasise the lived experience of being a migrant, and of living in a multicultural society, and to acknowledge the multi-dimensionality of these experiences. The author conducted interviews with people from ethno-specific community groups in the Sydney suburb of Auburn. These interviews explored the physical, emotional and spiritual aspect of coming to terms with a changing sense of what is home and what is foreign. The tenor of the thesis is strongly optimistic and explores the social ecology of multiculturalism in Australia in the late 1990's, using Auburn, with its strong immigrant population and large Turkish community, as a case study. The contributions by the people of Auburn are woven through the thesis as voices in their own right, rather than as quotations for a line of argument. Social ecology, as a project, works to open up dimensions of awareness and to acknowledge complexity by addressing the physical and sensory levels of individual experience as well as the broader political and social contexts which frame people's lives. The thesis acknowledges that the success of contemporary Australian multiculturalism has something to do with the broad based policies that implement this social phenomenon. More importantly, multiculturalism succeeds because it has become the culture scape in which the soul of the community wanders. This thesis acknowledges that there is something intellectually difficult about the word soul, but there is an ecological value in James Hillman's idea of the soul as not an elevated idea but rather one 'down in the earth'; soul in this sense is about place, finding and taking root in a new place.
37
Battiston, Simone, e SBattiston@groupwise swin edu au. "History and Collective Memory of the Italian Migrant Workers� Organisation FILEF in 1970s Melbourne". La Trobe University. School of European and Historical Studies, 2004. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20070823.143852.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This doctoral dissertation seeks to investigate the reasons that lay behind the rise, success and
decline of the Italian-run migrant workers� organisation FILEF during the 1970s in
Melbourne by reviewing and discussing some significant historical events. It does so in light of the existing literature, archival data and a string of oral accounts gathered from former and current key FILEF members and collaborators. It is hereby offering a better understanding of an otherwise poorly researched area of the Italian-Australian left-wing grassroots organisations in post-war Australia. The thesis has been divided into two parts, including introduction and conclusion. Part One (Chapters 1-5) reviews the historical and political background (in both Italy and Australia) that favoured the establishment of FILEF in Australia, including Melbourne, in the early 1970s; Part Two (Chapters 6-9) presents an
analysis of the historical development and socio-political role of FILEF Melbourne between 1972 and 1980.
Chapter One reviews the theoretical context, the representation of the history of FILEF in
previous publications, primary and secondary sources, the research strategy and methodology. Chapters Two and Three anchor the history of FILEF Melbourne to their respective background in Italy and Australia. That is, Chapter Two examines the post-war Italian emigration and its politicising by the Italian Left; Chapter Three focuses on the postwar emigration of Italians to Australia and outlines a profile of the Italian-Australian community. Chapter Four maps the route of the Italian-Australian Left in the 1950s and 1960s, that is from Italia Libera to the Lega Italo-Australiana. Chapter Five reviews the circumstances that led the establishment of the PCI in Australia respectively.
Chapter Six examines the origins and grassroots activism of FILEF in Melbourne in the 1970s, especially by looking at three areas of activity: migrant press, migrant welfare and
migrant politics. Chapter Seven researches the vulnerability of FILEF to the pressures of
conservative quarters by recounting the �Italian communist move in� (1975) and the federal
funding cut (1976) episodes. Chapter Eight, thoroughly revisits the Salemi case (1977), while
Chapter Nine explores the effects of the case and Salemi�s deportation on FILEF towards the
end of the 1970s.
38
Brassard-Dion, Nikola. "The Small Worlds of Multiculturalism: Tracing Gradual Policy Change in the Australian and Canadian Federations". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41197.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Competing narratives on the “rise and fall of multiculturalism” (Kymlicka 2010) confuse our understanding of the evolution of multiculturalism policy, particularly in the case of federations like Canada and Australia. Part of the issue is the sharp separation between stability and change and prevailing focus on national multiculturalism policies. This overlooks important and simultaneous developments in the constituent units of these two federations. We therefore ask how and why have multiculturalism policies changed in the constituent units of Australia and Canada? First, we argue that amid a noticeable decline in support for multiculturalism on the part of the central government in both countries, constituent unit governments have become a crucial source of multiculturalism policy development in Australia and Canada. Because many of the economic, labour, civil rights and social policy challenges involve state/provincial or shared responsibilities, multiculturalism policies are developed and implemented in large part by constituent units. Thus, we cannot comment on multiculturalism policies in federations without paying attention to the experiences and contributions of constituent units. Second, we argue this process of multiculturalism policy change can be conceptualized along four modes of gradual institutional change referred to as policy drift, layering, displacement, and conversion. These incremental modes of policy change are the result of a distinct combination of contextual, structural, and agency-based factors. More precisely, (1) a shift in the socio-political context marks the opening of a critical juncture as new ideas and demands for reform emerge; (2) institutional rules with separate compliance and enforcement standards structure reform pathways; and (3) the relationship between policy and political entrepreneurship activates the causal mechanisms that consolidate the separate modes of gradual institutional change. The dissertation therefore offers a more complete theoretical explanation of the processes of institutional change, their ideational influences and causal mechanisms through fresh empirical observation. Building on Mahoney and Thelen’s (2010) theory on gradual institutional change, the dissertation applies a process-tracing method over the period 1989 to 2019 to four case studies: Nova Scotia, South Australia, New South Wales, and British Columbia. In sum, generating inquiry that looks beyond national policies allows us to capture concurrent processes happening within and across State/provincial boundaries, which in turn shape their shared citizenship.
39
Dieckmann, Samantha. "Exploring musical acculturation: The musical lives of South Sudanese Australians, Filipino Australians and White Australians in Blacktown". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14956.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The central aim of this thesis is to investigate the musical lives of three distinct ethnocultural community groups. Using ethnographic and grounded theory methods, this study explores the musical practices of South Sudanese Australians, Filipino Australians and White Australians in Blacktown, New South Wales. By researching musical participation in these three case study groups, this study aims to elucidate the relationship between various factors underlying individual and collective musical acculturation processes. Significant factors include the reasons for and attitudes towards cross-cultural contact, the sociohistorical and situational factors determining the context in which cross-cultural contact takes place, and the role of power and dominance in shaping cross-cultural interactions. Other determinants include the various ways ‘community’ is experienced, the maintenance and loss of heritage and homeland cultures, and the musical activities that generate and reflect participants’ understandings and experiences of the preceding. The interplay between these areas of inquiry positions this study at the nexus of music education, sociomusicology, ethnomusicology, acculturation psychology, intercultural relations and urban sociology. It was found that the types of musical activities with which participants engaged illustrated the importance they placed upon maintaining heritage traditions. This was often related to their attitudes towards multiculturalism and integration into mainstream Australian society. For all of the ethnocultural communities studied, nationalism and transnationalism played a major role in acculturation processes. The music with which South Sudanese Australian participants were occupied was significantly influenced by South Sudan gaining sovereignty during the project’s data collection phase. Many of the participants had migrated to Australia long before their new homeland country was declared an independent nation-state, and music was used to represent and facilitate debates surrounding South Sudanese nationalist discourse. In the Filipino Australian case study, it was found that the collective self-consciousness with which the participants assimilated into colonial cultural forms had a marked effect on the music with which they engaged. The contradictions in their music consumption patterns resonated with the ironies underlying Filipino nationalism generally. Finally, music was similarly significant in the renegotiation of cultural boundaries and identity reconstruction for participants in the White Australian case study. Within the highly diverse Blacktown region, interpretations of ‘Australian’ and mainstream music were seen to contribute to the notion of White Australia as the dominant community of the receiving society.
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Tolazzi, Sandrine. "Canada, Australie : étude comparative de l'évolution des politiques du multiculturalisme : l'identité nationale et la gestion de la diversité culturelle dans les sociétés libérales". Grenoble 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE39042.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette thèse se propose d'étudier de quelle manière les questions d'identité nationale et de gestion de la diversité culturelle se posent au Canada et en Australie, et comment la politique du multiculturalisme, en tant que réponse philosophique et pragmatique à ces questions, a évolué depuis son adoption dans les années 1970 jusqu'à l'heure actuelle en fonction de l'objectif d'unité de ces deux pays. L'analyse s'appuie sur les différents modèles théoriques proposés par la philosophie politique, sur les projets de société des gouvernements canadiens et australiens qui se sont succédés ainsi que sur divers facteurs contextuels pour souligner les faiblesses et les limites du multiculturalisme, qu'il vise à l'égalité culturelle, à la justice sociale ou encore – plus récemment – à l'élaboration d'une identité nationale distincte associée à la promotion d'une citoyenneté à la fois libérale et républicaine. Ce faisant, le travail met à jour l'un des principaux enjeux des sociétés caractérisées par leur pluralisme, à savoir la difficulté de construire un sentiment d'appartenance commune parmi des groupes possédant chacun une identité spécifique, autrement dit la difficulté de fonder l'unité à partir de la diversité. Dans la mesure où cet objectif reste une priorité des gouvernements canadien et australien, la politique du multiculturalisme ne peut se soustraire aux contraintes qu'il impose et qui en font donc avant tout une politique d'intégrationThis thesis explores some of the issues related to the representations of national identity and the management of cultural diversity in Canada and Australia, and focuses on the evolution of multiculturalism policies from the 1970s up to the present time as a philosophical and pragmatic response to these issues. Drawing on the theoretical models put forward by different political philosophers, on the visions of the successive Canadian and Australian governments and on contextual elements, the analysis points out the weaknesses and limits of multiculturalism – whether it aims at establishing cultural equality, bringing social justice or – more recently – elaborating a specific national identity based on a conception of citizenship which is both liberal and republican. Hence, this work underlines one of the major challenges that pluralistic societies are currently facing, i. E. The difficulty of developing a feeling of belonging among groups which all defend their particular identities – in other words, the difficulty of building unity out of diversity. In so far as this remains a priority of the Canadian and Australian governments, it also defines and frames multiculturalism policies, which can thus be considered as instruments of integration in both countries
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Adone, Resch Christiane. "La communauté mauricienne en Australie". Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20070.
Testo completo
42
au, r. lee@murdoch edu, e Regina Lee. "Theorising the Chinese Diaspora: Canadian and Australian Narratives". Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060418.160334.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation presents a study of Chinese diasporic narratives from Canada and Australia and examines the formation and negotiation of diasporic cultural identity and consciousness. Drawing upon theoretical discussions on diasporas in general, it investigates how the Chinese diaspora is imagined and represented, as a visible minority group, within the context of the multicultural nation state.
This dissertation begins with a taxonomy of the modes of explaining diaspora and offers three ways of theorising diasporic consciousness. In analysing the filmic and fictional narrative forms of the Chinese in Canada and Australia, the practices of cultural self-representation and of minority group participation and enjoyment of the nation are foregrounded in order to advance critical analysis of the Chinese diaspora. While taking into account the heterogeneity of the imagined diasporic Chinese community, this study also contends that the formation and negotiation of diasporic consciousness and diasporic cultural identity politics is strongly and invariably affected by the multicultural conditions and policies of their host countries. The adaptation and manifestation of minority groups cultural practices are thus a matter of social, cultural and political contingencies more often aligned with dominant cultural expectations and manipulations than with the assertiveness of more empowered minority group participation. This dissertation therefore argues for a broader and more complex understanding of diasporic cultural and identity politics in the widespread attempts to merge and incorporate minority group narratives into the key foundational (grand) narratives of the white nation state. The importance of reinscribing Chinese diasporic histories into the cultural landscapes of their receiving countries is moreover increasingly propelled by the speed and momentum of globalisation that has resulted in the growing number of multicultural societies on the one hand but also led to the homogenisation of cultural differences and diversities.
In focussing on the fictional and filmic narratives from Canada and Australia, the diversity of the Chinese diasporic community and their conditions are emphasised in order to reflect upon the differences in the administration and practice of multiculturalism in these two countries. The comparative reading of Chinese-Canadian and Chinese-Australian novels and films locates its analysis of notions of homeland and belonging, community and national and cultural citizenship within the context of the development and negotiation of diasporic identity politics.
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Joumaa, Jamal. "Australian artists of Arabic origin identity and hope /". View thesis, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/41020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (D.C.A.)--University of Western Sydney, 2009.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Communication Arts, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Creative Arts. Includes bibliographies.
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Rey, Marie-Bénédicte. "La destinée asiatique de l'Australie". Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030061.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l’Australie était fermée à l’Asie, motivée par la peur du "péril jaune" et un sentiment de supériorité raciale ; la majeure partie de sa population venait d’Europe et le pays se plaçait sous la protection britannique pour éviter l’"invasion asiatique". La Seconde Guerre mondiale et le processus de décolonisation bouleversèrent la géopolitique de l’Australie qui prit conscience de l’importance de son voisinage pour sa sécurité et pour sa prospérité. En tant que pays occidental situé au bord de l’Asie, l’Australie devait trouver sa place dans le nouveau contexte et se repenser pour adapter son histoire à sa géographie. C’est ainsi que le gouvernement développa les relations économiques et politiques avec les pays voisins et ouvrit le pays aux Asiatiques. Ce processus d’engagement régional, qui s’intensifia entre 1942 et 2002, allait changer la perception identitaire du pays et de son peupleBefore the Second World War, Australia’s borders were closed to Asia’s peoples and relations with the Asian countries were limited ; this was justified by the nation’s fear of the "yellow peril" and a sense of racial superiority. At that time, the vast majority of Australia’s population originated from Europe and the protection offered by Great Britain in part assisted in the avoidance of an "Asian invasion". World War Two and the process of decolonisation brought about a drastic change in the geopolitics of Australia, and the importance of the Asian region with respect to the nation’s security and prosperity began to be recognised. As a Western country on the fringe of Asia, Australia had to find its place in this new context and to reinvent itself to reconcile its history with its geography. In this respect, the Australian government soon developed economic and political relations with the neighbouring countries and opened immigration channels to people of the Asian region. This process of regional engagement, which intensified between 1942 and 2002, would change the perceived identity perception of the country and of its people
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Scott, David Malcolm Robert. "Minority activism : trends informing political participation across Australian communities". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41033/1/David_Scott_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the late 1990’s, intense and vigorous debate surrounded the impact of minority communities on Australia’s mainstream society. The rise of far-right populism took the stage with the introduction to the political landscape of Pauline Hanson and her One Nation party, whilst John Howard’s Liberal-National Coalition Government took the fore on debate over immigration issues corresponding with an influx of irregular arrivals. In 2001, following the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States of America and subsequent attacks on western targets globally, many of these issues continued to be debated through the security posturing that followed. In recent years, much effort has been afforded to countering the threat of terrorism from home grown assailants. The Government has introduced stringent legislative responses whilst researchers have studied social movements and trends within Australian communities, particularly with respect to minorities. In 2008, the Scanlon Foundation, in association with Monash University and various government entities, released its findings into its survey approach to mapping social cohesion in Australia. It identified a number of spheres of exploration which it believed were essential to measuring cohesiveness of Australian communities generally including, economic, political and socio-cultural factors (Markus and Dharmalingam, 2008). This doctoral project report will explore the political sphere as identified in the Mapping Social Cohesion project and apply it to identified minority ethnic communities. The Scanlon Foundation project identified political participation as one of a number of true indicators of social cohesion. This project acknowledges that democracy in Australia is represented predominantly by two political entities representing a vast majority of constituents under a compulsory voting regime. This essay will identify the levels of political activism achieved by minority ethnic communities and access to democratic participation within the Australian political structure. It will define a ten year period from 1999 to 2009, identifying trends and issues within minority communities that have proactively and reactively promoted engagement in achieving a political voice, framed within a mainstream-dominated political system. It will research social movements and other influential factors over that period to enrich existing knowledge in relation to political participation rates across Australian communities.
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Brownlee, Patrick. "Theorising Diversity, Theorising Value: an analysis of Australia’s Productive Diversity policy development in the global political economy". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13720.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the mid-1980s, after decades recruiting migrant labour for industrial growth, the Australian government began to recruit highly skilled professionals and business people supporting a shift towards a global market economy. The government acted in the belief that it could gain a competitive advantage for the Australian economy by recruiting migrants with business know-how and knowledge of emergent regional and global markets. Attending this new migration program was a multicultural policy rubric epitomised in the early 1990s as Productive Diversity. Government and certain business interests construed a value for migrants largely within a human capital frame by focusing on their ethno-cultural knowledge as a form of market agency. Scholarly interpretations of the value of migrant diversity have focused on minority labour and marginalized self-employment rather than the increased non-productive professional and business migrant cohorts. In contrast, the analytical distinction of this thesis rests on re-thinking the significance of diversity in the shift in Australia’s migration program to recruit entrepreneurs and skilled professionals for a global market economy. The thesis questions whether diversity could be assigned economic value in production as some have claimed. A Marxist theory of value is used to interrogate this and the relationship between ethnicity and labour’s value. Detailed analysis of the Business Migration Scheme shows an evolving connection with Productive Diversity thinking as human capital and global market agency. Insofar as Productive Diversity shifted immigration policy priorities, the study extends research beyond migrant labour exploitation and towards the increased importance of non-productive and market expanding occupations in the global market economy. Productive Diversity viewed as a feature of Australia’s economic restructuring needs, therefore, to be considered in relation to the global circulation and accumulation of value.
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Batainah, Heba. "The politics of belonging in Australia : multiculturalism, citizenship and Islamophobia". Phd thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117180.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the decade since the events of 9/11, Muslims and Islam came to act as symbols for the putative correlation between immigration and the erosion of social cohesion in a number of Western countries, including Australia. Increasingly, immigrant integration was believed to be key to the maintenance of social cohesion and individual immigrant integration was seen as the main factor in successful integration. The Howard Government distanced itself from multicultural policies by rejecting group identities for 'ethnic' minorities, while, conversely, strengthening group identity in terms of nationalism and citizenship. Following other Western societies, the integration of Muslims in Australia became characterised as a security imperative and the responsibilities of Muslim citizens increasingly became embedded within the discourse of terrorism, where Muslim citizens are simultaneously suspected as potential terrorists and encouraged to act as community watchdogs. Politicians also came to see terrorism as something harboured within Islamic communities in Australia and Muslim lack of belonging came to be viewed as having 'cultural' and 'religious' underpinnings. As a result of the securitisation of Islam and the view that Islam and Muslims are problematic, all Muslims were characterised as potential terrorists and negative ideas and actions toward Muslims, what some have called 'Islamophobia', were normalised and justified. There has, however, been remarkably little systematic attempt to examine any continuity between broader understandings of the official definitions of belonging and how and why Muslims are viewed as incapable of belonging. This research demonstrates the links between ideas about the 'Other' and their place in Australian society and how these ideas give meaning to the ways Muslims and Islam are thought not to belong. The focus on Muslim Australians as refusing integration and challenging Australia's national identity is contextualised within the wider framework of Australian national identity, immigration policies (entry, settlement and citizenship) and the wider prevalence of 'Islamophobia' in Australia. This dissertation explicitly politicises the concept of belonging in order to demonstrate the social and political barriers to belonging for Muslim Australians. This dissertation uses Allen's (2010) concept of 'Islamophobia as ideology' to empirically examine discourses about Islam and Muslims in the House of Representatives (2000-2006). The findings indicate that deeply-entrenched views about who belongs (and who does not), and how they belong in Australia, informed parliamentary discourse on Muslims and Islam. Islamophobia in the Australian House of Representatives demonstrates the ways in which discourses about the 'Other' are systematically used to strengthen negative meaning about Islam and Muslims and to consistently present them as anathema to everything 'Australian'.
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Kosowski, Hania. "Re-reading migrant writing : from multiculturalism to hybridity". Thesis, 1996. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/32970/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis attempts to demonstrate the potential of a 'cross-cultural'
perspective in understanding migrant/exilic writing. The differences between the
novels of Antigone Kefala and Yasmine Gooneratne can be used to illustrate
alternative possibilities in a Centre/Margin approach to migrant and exilic writing
inherent in multiculturalism and postmodernism. While Kefala conservatively
wishes to privilege the margin, Gooneratne dissolves its boundary in search of a
cross-cultural imagination.
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Broinowski, Alison 1941. "About face : Asian representations of Australia". 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20030404.135751/index.html.
Testo completo
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Secombe, M. J. (Margaret Joyce). "Cultural interaction in the experience of some "mainstream" Australian graduates of Anglo-Celtic cultural background : a humanistic sociological study / Margaret J. Secombe". 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19033.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bibliography: leaves 330-350.vi, 350 leaves ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
The aim of this study is to carry out a qualitative investigation of the experience of cultural interaction from the perspective of members of the mainstream group in Australia. Memoir methodology is adopted as the means of gaining an in-depth understanding of individual respondents' experience of cultural interaction and their attitudes towards cultural pluralism. The memoirs are analysed in relation to two questions, relating to the writers' experience of cultural interaction and their attitudes to cultural pluralism.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Education, 1997