Tesi sul tema "Movement regulation"
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1
Francis, Monika K. "Regulation of GRAF1 membrane sculpting function during cell movement". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk kemi och biofysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-111213.
Abstract (sommario):
All eukaryotic cells rely on endocytic events to satisfy a constant need for nutrient and fluid uptake from their surroundings. Endocytosis-dependent turnover of cell surface constituents also serves to control signal transduction and establish morphological changes in response to extracellular stimuli. During endocytosis, distinct protein machineries re-sculpt the plasma membrane into vesicular carriers that enclose molecules that are to be taken up into the cell. Besides those produced from the canonical clathrin-mediated endocytic machinery, it is becoming increasingly clear that other membrane carriers exist. The indisputable connection between the function of these uptake systems and various disease states, highlights why it is so important to increase our knowledge about the underlying molecular machineries. The aim of this thesis was therefore to characterise the function of GRAF1, a protein suggested to be a tumour suppressor due to that the gene has been found to be mutated in certain cancer patients. My work focused on understanding how this protein operates during formation of clathrin-independent carriers, with possible implications for disease development. Previous in vitro studies showed that GRAF1 harbours a GTPase activating domain to inactivate Rho GTPase Cdc42, a major actin cytoskeleton regulator. Herein, microscopy based approaches used to analyse HeLa cells demonstrated the importance of a transient interaction between GRAF1 and Cdc42 for proper processing of GRAF1-decorated carriers. Although GRAF1-mediated inactivation of Cdc42 was not vital for the budding of carriers from the plasma membrane, it was important for carrier maturation. In addition, studies of purified GRAF1 and its association with lipid bilayers identified a membrane scaffolding-dependent oligomerisation mechanism, with the ability to sculpt membranes. This was consistent with the assumption that GRAF1 possesses an inherent banana shaped membrane binding domain. Remarkably, this function was autoinhibited and in direct competition with the Cdc42 interaction domain. Finally, other novel GRAF1 interaction partners were identified in this study. Interestingly, many of these partners are known to be associated with protein complexes involved in cell adherence, spreading and migration. Although never actually seen localising to mature focal adhesions that anchor cells to their growth surface, dynamic GRAF1 carriers were captured travelling to and from such locations. Moreover, GRAF1 was recruited specifically to smaller podosome-like structures. Consistent with this, the tracking of GRAF1 in live cells uncovered a clear pattern of dynamic carrier formation at sites of active membrane turnover – notably protrusions at the cell periphery. Furthermore, the silencing of GRAF1 gave rise to cells defective in spreading and migration, indicating a targeting of GRAF1-mediated endocytosis to aid in rapid plasma membrane turnover needed for morphological changes that are a prerequisite for cell movement. Since these cells exhibited an increase in active Rab8, a GTPase responsible for polarised vesicle transport, the phenotype could also be explained by a defect in Rab8 trafficking that results in hyperpolarisation. Taken together, the spatial and temporal regulation of GRAF1 membrane sculpting function is likely to be accomplished via its membrane binding propensity, in concert with various protein interactions. The importance of GRAF1 in aiding membrane turnover during cell movement spans different functional levels – from its local coordination of membrane and actin dynamics by interacting with Cdc42, to its global role in membrane lipid trafficking.
2
Yang, Yen Ching. "The regulation of dynein function in membrane movement by NudEL". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-regulation-of-dynein-function-in-membrane-movement-by-nudel(0156ad8a-546f-4ee1-8682-d68d8c782d56).html.
Abstract (sommario):
The accurate regulation of cytoplasmic dynein-1 (dynein) is very important since dynein performs multiple functions in cells. In interphase, dynein is responsible for the correct positioning of membrane organelles, such as the Golgi complex and lysosomes. Previous work suggests that dynein's accessory proteins NudEL/Nde1/LIS1¬ may be involved in regulating dynein-dependent organelle movement. This study focuses on how NudEL regulates dynein-driven membrane movement. By using various NudEL fragments, this work presents the first evidence that NudEL is involved in the regulation of dynein-driven ER movement in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo organelle positioning assays also indicate additional regulatory function of NudEL.NudEL fragment (1-157 aa) which contains both the dynein and LIS1 binding domains is sufficient to activate dynein-driven membrane movement, since NudEL1-157 aa activates ER motility in vitro and enhances clustering of the Golgi complex and lysosomes in the peri-nuclear region in vivo. On the other hand, NudEL 96-206 aa containing the LIS1 binding domain alone inhibits ER motility in vitro and causes scattering of the Golgi complex and lysosomes in vivo, indicating an inhibition of dynein-dependent organelle movement. The activation of dynein activity requires the recruitment of LIS1 to the dynein complex by NudEL, since NudEL 1-157 aa has strong binding affinity to both LIS1 and dynein whereas NudEL 96-206 aa binds to LIS1 but not dynein which suggests the sequestering of LIS1 from the dynein complex. Interestingly, NudEL 1-206 aa, which also contains both the dynein and LIS1 binding domains, causes the dispersal of the Golgi complex and lysosomes in vivo, but to a lesser extent than NudEL 96-206 aa. The putative NudEL regulatory domain (157 -242 aa, which contains various phosphorylation sits and is less conserved between NudEL and Nde1) in NudEL 1-206 aa may regulate the interaction of LIS1 and the dynein complex, since NudEL 1-206 aa has strong binding affinity to LIS1 and weak binding affinity to dynein. However, further work is needed to understand the exact mechanism by which this putative NudEL domain regulates dynein activity.
3
Lametti, Daniel R. "On the control of movement variability through the regulation of limb impedance". Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101860.
Abstract (sommario):
Humans routinely make movements to targets that have different accuracy requirements in different directions. Examples extend from everyday occurrences such as grasping the handle of a coffee cup to the more refined instance of a surgeon positioning a scalpel. The attainment of accuracy in situations such as these might rest upon the nervous system's capacity to regulate the limb's resistance to displacement, or impedance. To test this idea, subjects made movements from random starting locations to targets that had shape dependant accuracy requirements. A robotic device was used to assess both limb impedance and patterns of movement variability just as the subject reached the target. Impedance was seen to increase in directions where required accuracy was high. Furthermore, independent of target shape patterns of limb stiffness were seen to predict spatial patterns of movement variability. The nervous system was thus seen to modulate limb impedance in wholly predictable environments to shape movement variability and achieve reaching accuracy.
4
Nie, Shuyi. "Regulation of vertebrate gastrulation by ErbB signaling". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/nie.pdf.
5
Ulrich, Florian. "Regulation of Zebrafish Gastrulation Movements by slb/wnt11". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1125651469323-78929.
Abstract (sommario):
During zebrafish gastrulation, highly coordinated cellular rearrangements lead to the formation of the three germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Recent studies have identified silberblick (slb/wnt11) as a key molecule that regulates gastrulation movement through a conserved pathway, which shares significant similarity with a signalling pathway that establishes epithelial planar cell polarity (PCP) in Drosophila (Heisenberg et al., 2000; Veeman et al., 2003), suggesting a role for cell polarity in regulating gastrulation movements. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which slb/wnt11 functions during zebrafish gastrulation are still not fully understood. In the first part of the thesis, the three-dimensional movement and morphology of individual cells in living embryos during the course of gastrulation were recorded and analysed using high resolution confocal microscopy. It was shown that in slb/wnt11 mutant embryos, hypoblast cells within the forming germ ring display slower, less directed migratory movements at the onset of gastrulation, which are accompanied by defects in the orientation of cellular processes along the individual movement directions of these cells. The net movement direction of the cells is not changed, suggesting that slb/wnt11-mediated orientation of cellular processes serves to facilitate and stabilize cell movements during gastrulation. By using an in vitro reaggregation assay on mesendodermal cells, combined with an analysis of the endogenous expression levels and distribution of E-cadherin in zebrafish embryos at the onset of gastrulation, E-cadherin mediated adhesion was found to be a downstream mechanism regulating slb/wnt11 function during gastrulation. Interestingly, the effects of slb/wnt11 on cell adhesion appear to be dependent on Rab5-mediated endocytosis, suggesting endocytic turnover of cell-cell contacts as one possible mechanism through which slb/wnt11 mediates its effects on gastrulation movements. - Die Druckexemplare enthalten jeweils eine CD-ROM als Anlagenteil: QuickTimeMovies (ca. 23 MB)- Übersicht über Inhalte siehe Dissertation S. 92 - 93"
6
Akamatsu, Naoko. "Studies on the Regulation of Function of Brome mosaic virus 3a Movement and Coat Proteins". Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/123957.
Abstract (sommario):
Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第14057号
農博第1727号
新制||農||961(附属図書館)
学位論文||H20||N4395(農学部図書室)
UT51-2008-F449
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 奥野 哲郎, 教授 遠藤 隆, 教授 佐久間 正幸
学位規則第4条第1項該当
7
Haywood, Valerie. "Phloem-mediated translocation of CmGAIP RNA : implications for species-specific and developmental regulation of RNA movement /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
8
Westerberg, Lisa. "Regulation of B cell motility and adhesion in health and disease /". Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-694-4.
9
Perkins, Scott. "Self-Regulation and Physical Activity in WKU Employees". TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1233.
Abstract (sommario):
Many Americans do not engage in the recommended amount of physical activity, and thus do not receive the potential physical and mental health benefits from physical activity. Stage of change is a model that categorizes individuals into one of five stages based on behavior and intentions for future behavior. This model is useful for promoting physical activity because it allows for tailoring of interventions to individuals with different physical activity levels and readiness for change. The main purpose of this research was to test if more adaptive scores for Essential Self-Regulation Model (ESRM) constructs are found for persons in higher stages of change. Analyses included 96 Western Kentucky University faculty and staff to test the hypothesis that as stage of change increases, the more adaptive the scores will be in regard to the ESRM constructs, including: self-determination (i.e., subtypes of motivation), self-efficacy, attributions, goal setting, strategy use, and self-monitoring. The results supported this hypothesis for intrinsic, integrated, and identified subtypes of motivation, cost, self-efficacy, and goal setting. Constructs that were not significant but had results in the hypothesized direction were introjected and amotivated subtypes of motivation, strategy use, and selfmonitoring. Attribution scores resulted in the opposite of the hypothesized direction. Conclusions, limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
10
Lloyd, Meghann. "Self-regulation of sport specific and educational problem-solving tasks by children with and without developmental coordination disorder". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79787.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose was to examine the domain specificity of the self-regulatory skills of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) compared to their peers without DCD. Participants included 10 children with DCD and 10 without. A sport specific problem-solving task (shooting at a hockey net) and an educational problem-solving task (peg solitaire) were compared. Zimmerman's (2000) social cognitive model of self-regulation was used; it has three phases (a) forethought, (b) performance or volitional control, and (c) self-reflection. Participants were taught to think aloud during both tasks to access cognitive processes (Ericsson & Simon, 1984/1993). Codes were developed under five major categories, (a) goals, (b) knowledge, (c) emotion, (d) monitoring, and (e) evaluation. Verbalizations were transcribed and coded using the NUD*IST Vivo software. Results indicated that children with DCD have decreased knowledge in the motor domain, may have general difficulties with planning and set less challenging goals. The findings also support previous research regarding their negative emotions attached to motor tasks.
11
Rubtsov, Anatoly V. "Regulation of marginal zone B cell migration in the primary IgM antibody response /". Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D. in Immunology) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-169). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
12
Baber, Graeme S. "The impact of legislation and regulation on the freedom of movement of capital in Estonia, Poland and Latvia". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2009. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29546/.
Abstract (sommario):
Article 56 of the EC Treaty requires Member States to remove restrictions on the free movement of capital between States and between States and third countries, with few exceptions. This research investigates to what extent Estonia, Poland and Latvia have complied with the European legislation, and whether any restrictions on the free movement of capital that these Member States have maintained affect capital flows to and from these countries. A functional comparative law method is used to inspect the national legislation and regulations for compliance with EU Law on the free movement of capital. National laws are compared for the degree to which they restrict such free movement, also using a functional method. A legal index is constructed from these differences in national laws, and is subdivided by direction and location of capital flows and by business sector. A graphical method is used to compare these indices with the corresponding cross-border capital flows to and from the three States. A questionnaire is sent to companies in the relevant sectors to test the research results. Estonia and Poland limit cross-border capital flows to a similar extent, but less than Latvia. National law restricts flows between these States and third countries more than within the EEA, but some laws concerning the provision of services to and from third countries are absent. The level of national legal restriction to the movement of capital is inversely related to the volume of cross-border capital flows. The validation study results tend to support these findings. The research affords evidence of originality both by discovering new facts in the compliance of national law with EU law and by the exercise of independent critical power in the reasoning applied both to such compliance and to the analysis of the effect of the capital restrictions on capital flows.
13
Edsparr, Karin. "Migration of natural killer cells : matrix interaction, locomotion and regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by IL-2 and chemokines /". Göteborg: Dept. of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20450.
14
Karam, Sana. "Mechanisms of pattern formation in the developing cerebellum : role for Eph receptor gene family /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10557.
15
Andersson, Daniel. "Dopamine and the regulation of movements : significance of nigral and striatal dopamine release in normal, hemiparkinsonian and dyskinetic rats /". Göteborg : Dept. of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/19327.
16
Cummins, Alan. "Employing movement-based gaming in the development of an intervention to aid self-regulation in young people with complex trauma". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680170.
Abstract (sommario):
Young people who have experienced repeated abuse from an early age are affected cognitively and physically in a multitude of domains. This thesis reports on previous work that indicates that chronic trauma may cause significant difficulties in self-regulation which can lead to subsequent traumatisation, revictimisation, substance abuse, suicide, antisocial behaviour and conduct disorder. Treatment of trauma initially focuses on skill building rather than on reprocessing. Movement has been used to aid with areas such as stress reduction but there is scope to broaden the benefits of physical activity in this population. We report on the design, implementation and testing of a custom movement-based intervention for improving self-regulation in young people. As part of the design process the thesis identified that movement-based gaming may be used to provide a novel useful tool. In order to effectively design movement-based games, available commercial games were evaluated to obtain a guiding set of design principles. Following analysis of movement capture technology, the Wii Balance Board was chosen as a portable, inexpensive accurate system for detecting movement during game-play. Taking the requirements from a clinical, movement-based, virtual reality and gaming perspective, prototype games were developed. From these, two games were implemented. These games were tested with an initial pilot, comparison group and finally a clinical sample of young people based in secure care facilities. We found that our work disagreed with previous research which indicated general executive functioning deficits in traumatised youths. However, there was evidence that self-regulation was impaired. Analysis of several case-studies indicated potential beneficial effects of the intervention. The work demonstrated that movement-based gaming may be used in a clinical setting but that further work is required to understand how movement may be used to build self-regulatory strength and the best means of delivering gaming-based interventions to young people with complex trauma.
17
Richter, Jan. "Řízení pohybu při přemisťování zavěšeného předmětu". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229188.
Abstract (sommario):
The Diploma Thesis focuses on examination of most suitable optionsof movement regulation of pendent object from the perspective of various requirements on the course of the process as such. The environment of Matlab-Simulink was used for the analysis. The first part of the Thesis deals with the creation of the model of the whole system and creation of additional models of systems with similar, highly oscillating behaviour. The central part of the Thesis focuses on the design of suitable methods of movement regulation during translocation of the pendent object, which is tested on a simple model of travelling monkey. Four approaches to the problem solving were chosen: simple regulation by PID regulator, branched regulation, state regulation and predicative regulation. All solving options are being analysed and optimised and their results mutually compared according to requirements defined, such as: speed of the process, fluency of the movement, small pose overshoot or small angle of rope deflection.
18
Zong, Fang. "Studies on syndecan-1 in mesenchymal tumors". Stockholm : Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-749-8/.
19
Williams, Carrie. "Influence of Sensory Feedback on Rhythmic Movement: A Computational Study of Resonance Tuning in Biological Systems". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11172006-180642/.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.DeWeerth, Stephen, Committee Chair ; Lee, Robert, Committee Member ; Ting, Lena, Committee Member ; Katz, Paul, Committee Member ; Butera, Robert, Committee Member.
20
Golynker, Oxana. "The basis of regulation of free movement for partial migrants in the EU : correlation between the concepts of Union citizenship and bona-fide residence". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31082.
Abstract (sommario):
So far legal analysis of the phenomenon of partial migration in the European Union has been scattered across studies of isolated groups of rights. The aim of this research is to provide a systematic conceptualisation of this area by establishing the role of the concepts of Union citizenship and bona fide residence in a Member State in shaping and protection of socio-economic rights of partial migrants consequent on their right to free movement. On the basis of examination of the experience of other complex political entities, this study aspires to contribute to the theory of European Union citizenship by bringing the issue of rights of economically active persons whose migration pattern deviates from the mainstream free movement of workers and the self-employed within the discourse of Union citizenship. The scope of the rights of partial migrants is delimited by approaching the conflict between the aforementioned categories as an instantiation of the opposition between the national welfare state and the supra-national entity of the European Union. In this connection, this research is focused on such rights as the right to free movement and residence, and the rights in the welfare-related domains of social security, taxation, and housing which are identified by the Commission as particularly complicated, and on the most topical forms of partial migration in relation to which a great number of challenging conceptual problems have been identified. In this thesis a variety of methods is used. Firstly, we use the method of analysis developed within the coherence theory. Secondly, two methods of analysis identified by J Shaw are employed. The first one draws upon the formally identified sources of citizenship rules and rights in the Treaty along with other closely related sources of law in the form of secondary legislation and Court of Justice case law. The second method applies explanatory tools from the contextual citizenship agenda of the Treaty. Finally, the research is based on the comparative law method. The shaping and protection of socio-economic rights of partial migrants in a complex entity such as the European Union is defined by the balance between their status as Union citizens, on the one hand, and their status as bona fide residents, non-bona-fide residents, and non-resident workers and the self-employed tied to the welfare systems of the Member States. The role of the Treaty provisions on Union citizenship as a constitutional basis in protection or partial migrants' rights is still incipient. However, the meaningfulness of the concept of Union citizenship for partial migrants is ultimately defined by the process of approximation of their socio-economic membership in the respective communities of their Member States of residence and work as well as membership in the greater community of the European Union to the ideal of full membership for partial migrants. The coherence of the construct of Union citizenship is tested within this continuum (with reference to specific areas identified in this study) according to the scope of rights enjoyed by partial migrants under Community law.
21
Dall'Ara, Mattia. "RNA/RNA interactions involved in the regulation of Benyviridae viral cicle". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ019/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Pour préserver l’intégrité de leur génome, les virus multipartite à ARN nécessitent une forte multiplicité d’infection qui représente un coût biologique inapproprié en terme de réplication virale. Dans cette étude, un réseau d’interaction entre ARN génomiques (ARNg), constitué d’au moins un type de chaque ARNg est proposé. Un tel réseau permet de réduire les coûts biologiques liés à la réplication en assurant une reconnaissance intermoléculaire et une mobilisation d’un complexe RNP modulaire maintenant l’intégrité du génome. Un tel complexe est considéré comme l’unité infectieuse mobile assurant la dissémination du virus dans la plante entière. Le but de cette thèse a été de démontrer l’existence d’interactions entre les ARNg du beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) et de déterminer l’incidence de ces interactions sur le cycle viral. Une formule génomique a été déterminée pour différentes plantes et tissus. Les ARNg ont tous été co-détectés dans des cellules isolées issues de tissus infectés. Un domaine d’interaction entre l’ARN1 et 2 a été identifié in vitro et in silico puis évaluée in vivo par des approches de mutagenèse et de complémentationMultipartite RNA virus condition to provide a complete set of genomic segments in each infected cell implies a high level of MOI that results in an unsustainable biological cost in terms of viral replication. In the proposed model, to minimize the cost of the genome integrity preservation, a network of RNA/RNA interactions determines the recognition and the mobilization of at least one of each genomic RNAs in a modular RNP complex. Such complex must be considered as the mobile infectious unit of the segmented genome during viral spread in the plant. The Aim of this thesis was to experimentally determine the existence of RNA/RNA interactions between BNYVV RNAs and their implication in the viral cycle. BNYVV genomic segments have been co-detected within isolated single cells from systemic tissues where they accumulate to reach set point genome formulas. In the model where vRNAs interact each other to form the minimal mobile infective unit, RNA1 and RNA2 interaction domain has been identified in silico and in vitro. The rationale of such an interaction has been provided in vivo using BNYVV and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus chimeras
22
Hu, Jiancheng. "Regulation of Lsc activity and role in B cell migration and antigen receptor signaling /". Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D. in Immunology) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-118). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
23
WEHMER, CARL MARTIN. "THE ROLE OF METROLOGY AND METROLOGY-RELATED FUNCTIONS IN THE REGULATION OF THE FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS: CONSIDERATIONS ON THE REVISION OF THE EUROPEAN REGULATORY FRAMEWORK". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15704@1.
Abstract (sommario):
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORA presente dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo analisar, à luz das funções da infraestrutura tecnológica, as proposições do novo marco regulatório europeu para a livre circulação de produtos no mercado comum. Mais especificamente responder à questão formulada pela pesquisa: conseguirá esse novo marco regulatório equacionar e mitigar as deficiências do modelo anterior? Tendo em vista a atualidade do tema, o trabalho discute a importância da metrologia, da normalização, da acreditação e da avaliação da conformidade na eficiência da fiscalização do mercado em nível global e a relevância técnica e econômica que resultam desses processos. No campo institucional, a motivação pelo tema se deu pelo compromisso do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Metrologia de contribuir para o avanço do conhecimento sobre a regulação de mercados e de explorar o tema como oportunidade de fortalecer a ponte em temas da metrologia com a cidadania. No que concerne a metodologia, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se de forma estruturada segundo as seguintes fases complementares: (i) pesquisa bibliográfica e documental dos textos legais e regulamentos europeus aplicáveis; (ii) pesquisa de campo (iii) construção e aplicação do instrumento da pesquisa (questionário) junto a especialistas atuantes nas funções da infraestrutura tecnológica para a qualidade. Consubstanciando os propósitos da pesquisa de mestrado, o trabalho explicitou os resultados mais relevantes consolidados pelo amplo e participativo processo de revisão da legislação européia para a livre circulação de produtos e disponibilizou uma metodologia de avaliação. Finalmente, como conclusão, o trabalho definiu os determinantes da revisão do marco regulatório europeu à luz das mudanças de critérios de aplicação das funções da infraestrutura tecnológica.
The aim of this M.Sc. dissertation is to analyze the New Regulatory Framework for the free movement of goods in the European market, in the light of the functions of the national quality infrastructure. More specifically, to answer the question posed by the study: will the New (and recently revised) Regulatory Framework be able to mitigate the shortcomings of the previous model? Moreover, the study discusses the significance of metrology, standardization, conformity assessment and accreditation for the effectiveness of market surveillance at a global level and the economic and technical relevance of these processes. The commitment of the Postgraduate Metrology Program (Metrology for Quality and Innovation) to contribute to the improvement of technical regulation, while bridging metrology to citizenship, reflect the motivation of this work. The methodology included: (i) a review of the specialized literature (e.g.: legal documentation and applicable European regulation); (ii) a field research and (iii) the development and application of the structured questionnaire to experts in functions of the quality infrastructure and European legislation. The study highlights the most relevant results of the thorough revision of the European regulation for the free movement of goods. It also provided a methodology of assessment for related issues. In tune with the precepts of the Postgraduate Metrology Programme committed to participate in the debate of current topics in metrology and related matters, the dissertation made available to Brazilian legislators lessons learnt by the European Union on the building of a common market. In conclusion, an experience particularly valuable to those committed to make MERCOSUR a successful undertaking. An endeavor of great proportions where goods, services, capital and labor can circulate freely providing the foundation for prosperity.
24
Lyons, James Edward. "Population Ecology and Foraging Behavior of Breeding Birds in Bottomland Hardwood Forests of the Lower Roanoke River". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26429.
Abstract (sommario):
Nest survival often is lower at habitat edges than in habitat cores because of greater nest predation and parasitism near edges. I studied nest survival of breeding birds in bottomland hardwood forests of the lower Roanoke River, North Carolina. Nesting success was monitored in two forest width classes: narrow bands of levee forest that were dominated by two edge types, and wide, continuous levee forest stands that have edges but most forest is relatively far from edge. Nest success of Acadian Flycatchers and Prothonotary Warblers was similar in narrow and wide levees; nest success of Northern Cardinals was greater in narrow levees. Results of my study indicate that edge effects are not universal, and that amount of contrast at edges may interact with landscape context to alter ecological processes, such as nest predation.
Bird populations are remarkably constant over time relative to other taxa, implying strong regulation. Avian population ecologists, however, have not studied regulatory mechanisms as often as seasonal limiting factors. Conversely, avian behavioral ecologists seldom emphasize the population dynamic consequences of habitat selection and reproductive success. This study describes the intersection of individual behavior and population regulation in the context of a new model of population regulation, site dependence, which is based on characteristics of breeding sites and behavior of individuals. I studied habitat distribution, age structure, reproductive output, and breeding site fidelity of Prothonotary Warblers (Protonotaria citrea) in two different bottomland hardwood forest habitats of the lower Roanoke River in North Carolina. Older males (³ 2 yr old) were equally common in cypress-gum swamps and mixed oak hardwood levee forest. Pairing success and success of first nests indicated that older males occupied the most suitable territories available in each habitat. Bird density was three times greater in swamps, and birds nesting in swamps averaged greater clutch sizes and fledged more young per nest than birds in levees. Greater reproductive output was the result of greater fecundity because nest survival and predation pressure appeared equal in the two habitats. Annual return rates for plot immigrants vs. previous residents did not differ in swamps. In levees, newly arriving birds were less likely to return the following year than previous residents. Immigrants most likely occupied low quality sites and dispersed in an attempt to improve breeding site quality. Habitat-specific demography and density patterns of this study indicate ideal preemptive distribution. Variance in site quality, between and within habitats, and preemptive use of sites are consistent with theory of population regulation via site dependence.
Foraging behavior often reflects food availability. For example, in habitats where food availability is high, predators should move more slowly and attack prey more often than in habitats where food availability is low. I studied the foraging behavior of breeding Prothonotary Warblers in two habitat types to assess relative food availability and implications for habitat quality. The two habitats, levee and swamp forest, differ in hydrology, forest structure, and tree species composition. I quantified foraging behavior with focal animal sampling and continuous recording during foraging bouts. I measured two aspects of foraging behavior: 1) prey attacks per minute, using four attack types (glean, sally, hover, strike), and 2) number of movements per minute (foraging speed), using three types of movement (hop, short flight [£ 1 m], long flight [>1 m]). Male warblers made significantly more prey attacks per minute in swamp forest than in levee forest; the same trend was evident in females. Foraging speed, however, was not different between habitats for males or females. Results indicate that foraging effort is similar in swamps and levees, but that warblers encounter more prey in swamps. Greater food availability may be related to greater reproductive success of warblers nesting in cypress-gum swamps than in coastal plain levee forest.Ph. D.
25
Batcho, Elie. "Proprietes physiologiques de l'acide usnique et applications a la regulation de la transpiration vegetale". Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077008.
Abstract (sommario):
Ce travail est consacre a la recherche d'un antitranspirant vegetal non synthetique. Les investigations menees du laboratoire au champ (agriculture et sylviculture) ont pour objectif l'augmentation de l'efficience de l'eau en zone sub-aride. Le principe d'action recherche est la reduction de l'etr par action sur la transpiration stomatique. L'importance du role de la pompe h**(+)/k**(+) sur le mouvement stomatique a oriente ce travail vers les chelateurs naturels. L'acide usnique extrait de divers lichens valide l'hypothese de travail. La purification du produit et l'etude de son activite sur la regulation du mouvement stomatique (sur plantes entieres et sur feuilles isolees) en constituent la demonstration
26
Young, Allison Marie. "Liberalization and regulation of the movement of service suppliers, comparing the provisions for labour mobility in the General Agreement on Trade Services, the North American Free Trade Agreement, and the European Union". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66674.pdf.
27
Bortfeldt, Alexander. "Disparities in EU legal instruments regarding crossborder healthcare : A comparative study of Regulation 883/2004 and Directive 2011/24/EU and their potential effect on Union goals; especially the free movement provisions". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-185270.
Abstract (sommario):
The statutory health care systems of EU member states show a lot of differences, e.g. in financing, reimbursing, availability, form of membership, etc. The European health insurance card gives EU citizens the possibility to see a doctor while abroad, extending their right from receiving emergency treatment to receiving full necessary treatment under the laws of the member state. The scope of the insurance claim abroad is governed by the respective national law. This can result in a significantly higher cost sharing compared to the domestic situation. Depending on the country, this can include both fixed amounts (additional payments) and percentage shares of up to more than half of the costs.[1] While exercising the right to free movement EU citizens might need way more than emergency care, especially in relation to the rise of chronic diseases like diabetes etc. But quality treatment of patients residing abroad requires a seamless coordination of the member states’ health insurance systems. The access to member states health care systems is not seldomly tricky, in some cases it is even denied to nationals of the state. This thesis seeks to spot access difficulties in different member states asking for the question whether or not this might impede the EU’s free movement provisions.
28
Jansson, Martin. "Förberedelsernas år : Deltagande och subjektsformering kring den svenska socialdemokratin 1889-1891". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322870.
Abstract (sommario):
This master’s thesis revolves around the means of participation established around the newly formed Social Democratic Party in Sweden at the end of the 19th century. In 1889 the party was organized in close proximity to the editorial office of the party newspaper, Social-demokraten, and dependent on the support of its subscribers to uphold and increase circulation. Simultaneously, the consolidation of the Second socialist international provided a new framework for the national organisations as it was decided that May 1 of 1890 would be the date of synchronized mass- demonstrations for the legislation of the 8-hour working day. The thesis examines the means of participation and the associated construction of participatory political subjects in relation to the newspaper, the demonstration and the question of work time regulation. The analysis shows that the Swedish campaigns promoted an increased sense of self-awareness and obligation towards the larger organizational structures as well as society as a whole. Participation was put forth as a means of confessing to a genuine and unadulterated identity. This identity and its assigned biological features, as they were portrayed in relation to the question of work time regulation, created the physical characteristics of the participant as a focal point of the political project. The question was used to create knowledge about the participant as an objective outset in the quest for legitimacy. This process can also be seen as the creation of a situated public as an origin of power.
29
Gelow, Stefan. "Ratings and eye movements of emotion regulation". Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-30205.
Abstract (sommario):
People have different strategies to regulate and control their own emotions. For short-term emotion regulation of visual stimuli, cognitive reappraisal and attentional deployment are of relevance. The present study used self-ratings and eye-tracking data to replicate previous findings that eye movements are effective in emotion regulation. 25 participants (6 males) watched positive and negative pictures in an attend condition and a decrease emotion condition. They rated their emotional experience and their eye movements were followed with an eye-tracker. Ratings showed that they perceived pictures as less emotional in the decrease condition as compared to the attend condition both for positive and negative pictures. This decrease in ratings of emotional response was larger for positive than for negative pictures. Eye-tracking data showed no significant effect of emotion regulation condition. Further research is proposed to include self-ratings in studies of physiological changes due to emotion regulation, to differentiate between strategies of emotion regulation potentially used by participants.
30
Courchesne, François. "Mechanisms regulating sulfate movement in some podzols from Quebec". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75774.
Abstract (sommario):
The reaction of sulfate with six podzolic horizons of the Southern Laurentians (Quebec) was investigated using batch reaction techniques. It was demonstrated that sulfate sorption increased with decreasing solution pH to a maximum sorption capacity at around pH 4.0; below this pH retention decreased. This drop in sorption capacity was related to the partial dissolution of Al surface coatings. Indeed, the amount of native sulfate and the maximum sorption during the experiment were positively correlated (R$ sp2$ = 0.982, 0.800) with the oxalate extractable Al content of these forested soils. In all six horizons, the increase in sulfate sorption as a function of equilibrium sulfate concentration was best described by the Gunary equation. Kinetic experiments showed the presence of two major stages in both sorption and desorption reactions with an initial quick change (first 6 h) in solution concentration being followed by a second step where the reactions between sulfate and the soil matrix were much slower. The time-dependence of these reactions emphasized the appropriateness of kinetic equation in describing field situations. Moreover, kinetics studies performed under highly acidic conditions demonstrated that the amount of sulfate sorbed decreased with time after an initial sorption step due to the partial dissolution of Al surface materials. Thermodynamic calculations further suggested the subsequent precipitation of jurbanite. It was then concluded that surface dissolution and mineral formation should be considered in the interpretation of results obtained from experiments aimed at determining the effect of pH on sulfate retention.
31
Mathieu, Julie. "Traversée d'intersection et évitement de collision en conduite automobile : identification du support perceptif et des marqueurs du couplage information-mouvement". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0602/document.
Abstract (sommario):
L’objectif principal de ce travail de thèse était d’étudier les mécanismes perceptivomoteurs qui sous-tendent la réalisation d’une tâche d’approche et de traversée d’intersection en conduite automobile. Dans la première partie de ce manuscrit les enjeux humains, économiques et sociétaux liés à la réussite d’une telle tâche sont évoqués. Les principaux résultats obtenus dans les études ayant porté sur l’identification des risques associés à la réalisation de ce type de manœuvre sont présentés. La plupart des travaux réalisés s’étant focalisés sur les processus de haut niveau (e.g., jugement d’un temps d’arrivée), nous avons souhaité durant cette thèse centrer notre attention sur les processus de bas-niveau mis en œuvre. Ce travail de thèse est adossé à l’approche Ecologique de la Perception et de l’Action qui nous a semblé proposer un cadre théorique pertinent pour étudier cette tâche complexe. La deuxième partie est consacrée aux expériences réalisées au cours de ce travail de thèse. Pour réaliser nos trois expériences, un simulateur de conduite à base fixe a été utilisé. Ce travail a permis (i) d’acquérir une meilleure compréhension du support perceptif impliqué dans la réalisation d’une tâche de traversée d’intersection et (ii) d’identifier différents marqueurs du couplage information-mouvement. Les résultats ont révélé que le support perceptif utilisé pour réaliser une tâche perceptive n’était pas le même que celui utilisé pour réaliser une tâche perceptivo-motrice. Les résultats ont également permis d’étayer la thèse selon laquelle le contrôle de la tâche d’approche et de traversée d’intersection reposerait sur un couplage information-mouvementThis Ph.D. project aims at studying the perceptual-motor mechanisms implicated in intersection crossing task. The first part of this manuscript explains the human, economic and societal challenges associated with the successfully complete the intersection crossing task. The main results of the former studies that have examined the identification of risks associated with this type of maneuver at an intersection are developed. These former studies mainly focused on high-level processes (e.g., discrete judgment or decision tasks), we have decided to focus our attention on low-level processes (e.g., visual guidance) during this Ph.D. project. For this to happen, the Ecological Approach to Perception and Action seems to be a relevant theoretical framework for studying this complex task. Indeed, it preserves the natural link between information and movement. The second part of this manuscript is devoted to the experiments completed during this research. In order to carry out our three experiments, virtual reality fixed-base driving simulator was used. This work contributes to better understand the perceptual substrate involved in intersection crossing task. Also, this work identifies different markers of control based on information-movement coupling. Firstly, our results revealed that the perceptual substrate underlying judgments of arrival time of a vehicle moving towards an intersection is distinct from the perceptual substrate underlying the active control of one’s own approach to the same intersection. Secondly, the results have also strengthened the assumption that the control of approach and intersection crossing task is based on information-movement coupling
32
Yallaly, Kasey L. "SAUGER POPULATION DEMOGRAPHICS, EVALUATION OF HARVEST REGULATIONS AND POPULATION CONNECTIVITY IN LARGE MIDWESTERN RIVERS". OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2417.
Abstract (sommario):
Sauger Sander canadensis are a native top level predator and popular sport fish. They are native to large, turbid midwestern rivers and are a highly migratory species that relies on unrestricted access to specific habitats throughout their lifespan. Due to specific habitat requirements and popularity as a sport fish, Sauger are in decline across much of their range. Habitat alterations including barriers, channelization and sedimentation, as well as overharvest, have resulted in population declines. Sauger are often subject to relatively high levels of exploitation because of their tendency to concentrate below dams during migrations, which leaves them vulnerable to anglers. The lower Kaskaskia River below Carlyle Lake dam and the lower Ohio River contain important Sauger sport fisheries despite the presence of multiple dams on both rivers and the potential for high levels of exploitation. However, effects of current and potential harvest regulations on Sauger stocks in the Kaskaskia and Ohio rivers have not been assessed. From previous annual monitoring surveys, Sauger in the Ohio and Kaskaskia rivers have very different size and age structures and are managed under different regulations. Additionally, the Kaskaskia River and its largest reservoir (Carlyle Lake) are stocked annually with Sauger, but the contributions of stocked Sauger and immigrants from the Mississippi River to the Kaskaskia River Sauger stock are unknown. I first sought to assess population demographics of Sauger in the Kaskaskia and Ohio Rivers to gain a baseline understanding of both populations and then used these data to evaluate harvest regulations on each river. This objective tested the null hypothesis that no differences in recruitment indices, growth rates and mortality rates exist between Sauger populations within each river. Sauger in the Kaskaskia River are currently managed under a 356-mm minimum length limit and a 6-fish daily bag limit. Prior to 2018, the lower Ohio River was managed under no minimum length limit and a 10-fish daily bag limit. To assess the contribution of Sauger from different environments to the Kaskaskia River stock, I used otolith microchemistry to infer recruitment sources of fish and assess movement of fish between the Kaskaskia and middle Mississippi rivers. This objective tested the null hypothesis that no difference existed in the contribution of different rivers to the Kaskaskia River sauger population. The Ohio River Sauger population had a small age and size structure relative to the Kaskaskia River. Sauger from each river exhibited fast growth rates and high annual mortality. Population modeling indicated that the current 356-mm minimum size limit for Sauger in the Kaskaskia River is sufficient at preventing growth overfishing and is likely resulting in the larger size structure compared to the Ohio River. Sauger were likely experiencing growth and recruitment overfishing in the Ohio River under no minimum length limit and will likely benefit from the 356-mm minimum length limit implemented in 2018. Otolith microchemistry revealed that Sauger from the Mississippi River represented a small contribution to the Kaskaskia River Sauger stock; however, some fish showed evidence of moving between the Kaskaskia and Mississippi rivers. Similar water chemistry between the hatchery and Carlyle Lake prevented the identification of hatchery origin Sauger. Because the Sauger stock in the Kaskaskia River appears to be primarily supported by stocking of fish into Carlyle Lake or natural reproduction within the Kaskaskia River, fisheries managers should focus on quantifying the contribution of hatchery fish to the Kaskaskia River stock.
33
Barbosa, Filipa Carreira de Avelar. "Regulation of gastrulation movements by planar cell polarity genes in zebrafish". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444345/.
Abstract (sommario):
During vertebrate gastrulation, mesodermal and ectodermal cells undergo convergent extension (CE), a process characterised by cellular rearrangements in which polarised cells intercalate along the medio-lateral axis leading to elongation of the antero-posterior axis. This thesis aims to prove that genes which have been implicated in the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP) in Drosophila are conserved in the non-canonical Wnt pathway that regulates CE in zebrafish during gastrulation. Firstly, I analyzed functions of Wnt5 and Wnt 11 ligands and of Fz2 and Fz7 receptors in regulating CE movements. Here, I will show that pipetail (ppt/wnt5) mutant is required for regulating CE movements in posterior mesendoderm and ectoderm while its function in the anterior mesendoderm is redundant to siberblick (slb/wntl 1). Based on gene expression analyses, loss of function and gain of function analyzes, the interaction between these Wnt ligands and Fz receptors is dependent on time, concentration and position of expression during gastrulation. Secondly, I will describe the isolation and functional characterisation of the zebrafish homologue of Drosophila prickle (pkl) during gastrulation. Zebrafish pkl functions together with Sib/Wnt 11 and Ppt/Wnt5 to regulate CE movements due to abrogation of Pkl function by morpholino that leads to defective CE movements, enhances the slb/wntl 1 and ppt/wnt5 phenotypes and suppresses the ability of wnt 11 to rescue the sib phenotype. Gain-of- function of Pkl also inhibits CE movements. Additionally, I found that Pkl could destabilise Dsh and thereby block the ability of Fz to target Dsh to the cell membrane by down-regulating levels of Dsh protein. These results suggest that Pkl acts in the non- canonical Wnt pathway to regulate CE, but it is unlikely to be a simply linear component of this pathway. I will describe the isolation of zebrafish flamingo (fmi) genes and characterise the expression pattern during gastrulation. I also describe functional characterisation of those genes during gastrulation. Initially, abrogation of Fmi function by morpholino leads to weakly defective CE movements enhances the slb/wntl 1 phenotype and defective epiboly phenotypes of the offroad (ord)/fmil mutants. In contrast, a dominant negative approach with a mutant form of Fmi, led me to conclude that Fmi is involved in the regulation of CE movements. Together with analyses of Fmi protein, I will discuss how Fmi regulates different gastrulation movements, such as convergent extension and epiboly.
34
Venugopal, Anand. "The role of Tyr61 in synechocystis hemoglobin in regulating E-helix movement". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
35
Frazzetto, Giovanni. "Xmc, a novel Xenopus laevis organiser : gene regulating gastrulation movements". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268764.
36
Dunford, Catherine. "The distribution and physiological roles of nitric oxide in the locomotor circuitry of the mammalian spinal cord". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3580.
Abstract (sommario):
The mammalian spinal cord contains the neuronal circuitry necessary to generate rhythmic locomotor activity in the absence of inputs from the higher brain centre or sensory system. This circuitry is regulated by local neuromodulatory inputs, which can adjust the strength and timing of locomotor output. The free radical gas nitric oxide has been shown to act as an important neuromodulator of spinal circuits, which control locomotion in other vertebrate models such as the tadpole and lamprey. Despite this, the involvement of the NO-mediated soluble guanylate cyclase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate secondary messenger-signalling pathway (NO/sGC/cGMP) in mammalian locomotion has largely been under-investigated. The NADPH diaphorase histochemical reaction was used to identify sources of NO in the lumbar spinal cord. The largest population NADPH diaphorase reactive neurons were located in the dorsal horn, followed by the laminae of the ventral horn, particularly around the central canal (lamina X) and lamina VII. NADPH diaphorase reactive neurons were found along a rostrocaudal gradient between lumbar segments L1 to L5. These results show that that discrete neuronal sources of NO are present in the developing mouse spinal cord, and that these cells increase in number during the developmental period postnatal day P1 – P12. NADPH diaphorase was subsequently used to identify NADPH diaphorase reactive neurons at P12 in the mouse model of ALS using the SODG93A transgenic mouse. Physiological recordings of ventral root output were made to assess the contribution of NO to the regulation induced rhythmic fictive locomotion in the in vitro isolated spinal cord preparation. Exogenous NO inhibits central pattern generator (CPG) output while facilitating and inhibiting motor neuron output at low and high concentrations respectively. Removal of endogenous NO increases CPG output while decreasing motor neuron output and these effects are mediated by cGMP. These data suggest that an endogenous tone of NO is involved in the regulation of fictive locomotion and that this involves the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway. Intracellular recordings from presumed motor neurons and a heterogeneous, unidentified sample of interneurons shows that NO modulates the intrinsic properties of spinal neurons. These data suggest that the net effect of NO appears to be a reduction in motor neuron excitability.
37
Shaikh, Faheem M. "Role of variant sialylation in regulating tumor cell behavior". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008d/shaikh.pdf.
38
Nandadasa, Sumeda A. "Cadherin mediated F-actin assembly and the regulation of morphogenetic movements during Xenopus laevis development". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276953030.
39
Klepek, James Matthew. "Against the Grain: Biotechnology Regulation and the Politics of Expertise in Post-War Guatemala". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145291.
Abstract (sommario):
Since the 1990s, genetically modified (GM) agriculture has become a multi-billion dollar industry. Despite the rapid commercialization of GM crops in the United States, global controversy has slowed the adoption of the technology in developing countries. Yet, few studies have examined regulatory disputes outside of the United States and Europe. Debates in the United States and Europe focus on issues of human health and consumer choice. In other parts of the world, particularly Latin America, disputes center on the threats that GM agriculture poses to unique centers of biodiversity and food security, as well as issues related to bio-fuel expansion and the control over genetic resources and knowledge. My dissertation takes research on biotechnology in a new direction by analyzing the political process through which regulatory knowledge related to GM agriculture is negotiated, contested and reformulated. Guatemala is a key case to examine the politics of biotechnology regulation because despite strong US trade and transnational commercial interests, it is still illegal to grow biotech crops. The question becomes: what explains resistance to agricultural biotechnology? To address this issue, my dissertation focuses on three primary themes. First, I examine historical Mayan rural livelihood strategies within a context of political exclusion and state violence during the country's 36-year civil war. This history, in turn, informs a contemporary context characterized by the continued importance of subsistence-based corn production in the face of mounting rural inequality. Second, I contend that biotechnology regulatory debates in Guatemalan state institutions are integrally tied to a unique national context of corn biodiversity. I focus specifically on disputes between US-sponsored biotechnology regulations based on the principles of free trade and a more cautionary United Nations biosafety program. Third, I argue that resistance to agricultural biotechnology is bringing together diverse Guatemalan Mayan organizations until recently divided by the violence of the civil war. These organizations are deploying sophisticated cultural, economic and environmental knowledges that are effectively challenging efforts to commercialize GM agriculture. On a broader level, this study asserts that resistance to agricultural biotechnology is emblematic of broader struggles over the definition of legitimate knowledge in neoliberal development.
40
Forrest, Kerrie. "Investigation of the gene family encoding aquaporins, the protein channels regulating water movement, in wheat". Swinburne Research Bank, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/42611.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (PhD) - Environment and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008.Presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, [Environment and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences], 2008. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 273-312.
41
Meunier, Sabine. "Etude des variations de l'inhibition présynaptique des fibres Ia au cours des mouvements volontaires chez l'homme". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066348.
Abstract (sommario):
Deux méthodes sont utilisées dans cette étude : 1) l'étude des variations du niveau de la facilitation Ia hétéronyme du reflexe h du soléaire par une stimulation du nerf crural; 2) l'étude des variations de l'inhibition vibratoire des réflexes h du soléaire et du quadriceps
42
Liu, Guofu. "The right to leave and return and Chinese migration law". Electronic version, 2005. http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/dspace/handle/2100/341.
43
Papadopoulos, Thomas. "Harmonization of takeovers in the internal market : an analysis in the light of EU law". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bc2e64c7-80ff-4707-b3f3-ff9804dd29bc.
Abstract (sommario):
This DPhil thesis analyses the Takeover Bid Directive in the light of EU Law and examines the extent to which this Directive facilitates the exercise of the fundamental freedom of establishment and the free movement of capital in the internal market. Since the Directive is based on the EC Treaty chapter on freedom of establishment (Articles 43 and 44(2)(g) EC Treaty), it should in principle contribute to cross frontier corporate mobility in the internal market through takeover bids; this was the aim of the Commission in its various proposals. Takeover bids and the EC Treaty provisions on freedom of establishment are closely related. The Directive forms part of the EU company law harmonization programme whose weaknesses and limits are also explored. However, the Takeover Bid Directive is an EU company law instrument with strong links to EU capital market law. The initial aims of the EU legislature were to establish an internal market for companies and to achieve market integration in the field of EU company law. However, the Takeover Bid Directive is a compromise and watered down version of a proposal which the Commission envisaged would lead to a more effective pan-European takeover regime than that which actually proved possible. The need for compromise was the result of the very different legal and policy approaches of the Member States in the field of takeover regulation. Some provisions of the Directive are obligatory for all Member States. These provisions include the mandatory bid rule, the squeeze-out right, and the sell-out right. All these obligatory provisions of the Directive are in their present form open to criticism. The two key provisions of the Directive have been made optional for Member States. These are the non-frustration rule, requiring the board to obtain the prior authorization of the general meeting of shareholders before taking any action which could result in the frustration of the bid; and the breakthrough rule, requiring that any restrictions on the transfer of securities or voting rights provided for in the articles of association of the offeree company or in contractual agreements between the offeree company and the holders of its securities or in contractual agreements between holders of the offeree company’s securities shall not apply vis-à-vis the offeror during the time allowed for acceptance of the bid. Nevertheless, Member States, which opt out, are obliged to allow individual companies to opt in. Moreover, a reciprocity rule was also adopted, which allows Member States to permit those companies, which apply these provisions, to opt out again if they are the target of a bidder, which does not itself apply the same takeover provisions. Additionally, the non-frustration and the breakthrough rule are not fully comprehensive and even when a company applies them, it might still be able to evade their application since some corporate and financial structures remain outside the Directive’s scope. Finally, this thesis discusses the extent to which obstacles to cross border takeovers addressed by the Directive, or indeed left intact by the Directive, are to be regarded as restrictions on the right of establishment stricto sensu, or simply as obstacles in practice to making a successful takeover bid. More specifically, it scrutinizes the horizontal direct effect of the EC fundamental freedoms and seeks to analyze the extent to which conduct of the board and articles in the corporate constitution might be said to constitute restrictions on the freedom of establishment and on the free movement of capital.
44
Ozsipahi, Mumin. "Design Of A Car Door Window Regulator". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610937/index.pdf.
Abstract (sommario):
In this thesis, design of a car door window regulator is presented. This design comprises a mechanism in order that the car door window makes a specified translational motion. First, conceptual design is carried out to obtain the best suitable concept for the design and best suitable concept comes out to be a scissor mechanism. Afterwards, detailed design of the chosen concept is given. In the detail design stage, kinematic synthesis of the mechanism is performed basically using the Cardan motion. Lastly, implementation of the design on a car door is described.
45
Bommier, Swann. "A flawed development : land dispossession, transnational social movements and extraterritorial corporate regulation : Michelin in Tamil Nadu (India)". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0017.
Abstract (sommario):
Cette thèse étudie comment les politiques publiques d’industrialisation, les investissements étrangers et la gouvernance transnationale des entreprises altèrent l’espace public en Inde. Tout d’abord, nous analysons les interactions entre la population, l’état et l’entreprise multinationale Michelin dans l’établissement d’un nouveau parc industriel sur les terrains communaux d’un village au Tamil Nadu. Ensuite, nous démontrons que si les mouvements sociaux transnationaux et les mécanismes extraterritoriaux de résolution de conflit appellent les entreprises multinationales à respecter les droits de l’homme, ces derniers restent insuffisants pour répondre à la violence structurelle et à l’injustice sociale à l’œuvre dans le développement industriel contemporain de l’IndeThis thesis studies how public policies of industrialization, foreign investments and transnational corporate governance alter social space in India. Firstly, we analyze the interactions between the population, the state and the French multinational corporation Michelin in the set-up of a new industrial park on the common lands of a village in rural Tamil Nadu. Then, we contend that while transnational social movements and extraterritorial grievance mechanisms call on multinational corporations to respect human rights, they remain insufficient to address the structural violence and the social injustice experienced in India’s contemporary industrial development
46
Holder, Floyd William. "An empirical analysis of the State's monopolization of the legitimate means of movement : evaluating the effects of required passport use on international travel /". View online version, 2009. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/308.
47
Cheung, Carol C. (Carol Carlin) 1976. "Regulator control of a short-radius centrifuge and subjective responses to head movements in a rotating environment". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9241.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000.Also available online at the MIT Theses Online homepage
Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-112).
Artificial gravity is made through the centripetal force from a rotating chair or short-radius centrifuge. It is a very promising countermeasure, as it alone should remove all the adverse effects of microgravity. In order to effectively use artificial gravity as a long-duration space flight countermeasure, the effects of artificial gravity on the human body must be investigated. If artificial gravity is created by use of a short-radius centrifuge, the high angular velocity required, about 23 rpm, causes unexpected and illusory body motions when making head turns. My work in artificial gravity consisted of two parts, a study that investigated the vestibular response to head movements during centrifugation and regulator feedback control of the centrifuge. This experiment studied the perceived illusory body sensations and heart rate changes induced by head movements in both the yaw and pitch planes while supine during centrifugation. Yaw right, yaw left, and pitch head movements yielded successively significantly higher heart rate than baseline. Results show that 68% of subjects in the yaw plane and 48% of subjects in the pitch plane experienced illusory body tilt as predicted by a model of the vestibular system while 13% in yaw and 40% in pitch experienced body tilt in the opposite direction from the predicted model. Pitch head movements yielded significantly higher magnitude and duration of illusory tilt. These side effects are serious and will need to be controlled if short-radius centrifugation is to be a successful countermeasure. Regulator feedback control has been implemented on the centrifuge with both an optical encoder and an accelerometer. Tachometer development, automatic control, and classical PID control theory was used to develop the gain and integrator time constants, which lead to K=1.5 and Ti=1 sec. This results in an improved steady state error by 99.8% and a more accurate response of the centrifuge by 5.7% for the accelerometer and 52% for the encoder feedback system from the open loop system.
by Carol C. Cheung.
S.M.
48
Lind, Craig. "Placing Paamese : locating concerns with place, gender and movement in Vanuatu". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1972.
Abstract (sommario):
This is a study of coming to know what it is to be Paamese. The work seeks to present an anthropological understanding of ontological concerns that constitute a Paamese perception of subjectivities. I take my lead from Paamese perceptions that the internal capacities of subjects or “things” (e.g. persons, villages, islands, and movement itself) are revealed through relations with others. This correlates with anthropology’s methodology of testing its analytical strategies through the ethnographic practices of others in order to reach more accurate representations. Paamese, as is common elsewhere in Vanuatu and Melanesia, have an extremely fluid attitude towards sociality and easily accommodate urban dwelling without leaving Paama behind. I suggest that a nuanced multi-positioned approach in which several aspects of Paamese sociality are considered from a point of limitation employed by Paamese to focus an event, such as a marriage exchange, will present a better understanding of how these subjectivities, that is Paamese people and Paama Island, adhere such that they do not part company wherever they go. Paamese suggest that each event should be considered as if following a single branch in the canopy of a tree – a scalable perception that offers the promise that a multi-faceted approach will reveal a replicable form. I take this approach to specificity seriously and employ a looping aesthetic, measi, adapted from Paamese sand-drawing in order to consider the shifting concerns expressed by Paamese perceptions of out (place), āmal (agnatic clans), sise (road), vatte (origin), ara (blood) and asi (bone). I suggest that these, parts, can be considered together as a holography for how to come to know what it is to be Paamese.
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Timmis, Matthew A. "Visuomotor control of step descent : the importance of visual information from the lower visual field in regulating landing control : when descending a step from a stationary standing position or during on-going gait, is online visual information from the lower visual field important in regulating prelanding kinematic and landing mechanic variables?" Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4439.
Abstract (sommario):
The majority of previous research investigating the role of vision in controlling adaptive gait has predominantly focused on over-ground walking or obstacle negotiation. Thus there is a paucity of literature investigating visuomotor control of step descent. This thesis addressed the importance of the lower visual field (lvf) in regulating step descent landing control, and determined when visual feedback is typically used in regulating landing control prior to/during step descent. When step descents were completed from a stationary starting position, with the lvf occluded or degraded, participants adapted their stepping strategy in a manner consistent with being uncertain regarding the precise location of the foot/lower leg relative to the floor. However, these changes in landing control under conditions of lvf occlusion were made without fundamentally altering stepping strategy. This suggests that participants were able to plan the general stepping strategy when only upper visual field cues were available. When lvf was occluded from either 2 or 1 step(s) prior to descending a step during on-going gait, stepping strategy was only affected when the lvf was occluded in the penultimate step. Findings suggest that lvf cues are acquired in the penultimate step/few seconds prior to descent and provide exproprioceptive information of the foot/lower leg relative to the floor which ensures landing is regulated with increased certainty. Findings also highlight the subtle role of online vision used in the latter portion of step descent to 'fine tune' landing control.
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Silva, D. L. R. de. "A critical assessment of the role of abscisic acid and calcium ions in regulating stomatal movements in Commelina communis L". Thesis, Lancaster University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373807.