Tesi: "Motherhood"

1

Liston-Beck, Annalycia R. "Mobilizing Motherhood: The Symbolic Politics of Motherhood in Transcultural Perspective". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1524742980880805.

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2

Casto, Heidi McKay. "Reflections on motherhood". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/932.

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I had dreamed of being a mother for some time. These dreams were complete with expectations of how and when I would give birth, and what motherhood would look and feel like. Now that I am a mother, I realize that my projected expectations in light of my true experience provide a conflicting story. While adjusting to reality has not always been easy, the experiences in unknown territory have brought beauty, joy, sadness, pride, and love in ways I never imagined. I believe that the only way to fully grasp the intensity of the experience of motherhood is to actually live through it. In this sense, the significance of documenting the motherhood experience is to capture the emotions and the reality of being a mother. I hope to put images to the continual conversation, conflict, and emotional battle that wages inside of me. I feel driven to document this experience not only to preserve these feelings for my own sake, but also to shed light on what I see as a misperception of motherhood. My experience with motherhood as subject matter for my artwork has led me to feel a sense of judgment; that to talk about motherhood in a fine art context is almost by nature taboo. I find this strange, as certainly we all have, or have had mothers. I hope to question this perceived negativity in the discussion of this relationship. I also desire to give those who share my feelings regarding motherhood a voice; to be confident in their experience, their love for their children, and to celebrate the common, yet extraordinary role of being a mother.

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3

Kamari, Hawraz, e Groop Jonatan. "Motherhood and Income : A study on how motherhood affects women’s income". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-49526.

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This paper explores the income effect which motherhood has on women, using (American) Census data. The hypothesis states that the income effect is negative. Previous studies have shown that indeed children lower the income of women and that it is decreased with every additional child. We test our hypothesis using data from the Census Bureau from the year 2018, consisting of over 800 000 answers, and running multiple regressions to measure the effect which the number of children have on a woman’s income. As predicted, the results indicate that our hypothesis is true with a 26% decline in income when a woman has one or more children. Marriage has a negative effect on income while completing higher levels of education raises it.

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4

O'Neil, Huguette. "Belle-Moue / Blessed motherhood". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ61819.pdf.

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5

Regus, Pamela J. "Postpartum Depression: Standardizing Motherhood?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_diss/64.

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Postpartum Depression: Standardizing Motherhood? by Pamela J. Regus Under the Direction of Wendy S. Simonds ABSTRACT An expansion of the medicalization of Postpartum Depression (PPD) is evident in increased screening for maternal depression that begins in pregnancy and continues in the postpartum period, and in the growing number of medical professionals alerted to watch for signs of maternal distress. Although a definitive etiology ofPPDremains elusive, the scientific and medical fields – highly imbued with authority to create knowledge in Western society – promote essentialist views of motherhood that espouse “natural” attributes such as maternal instincts and tendencies to nurture. Mothers who struggle with these standards of motherhood are then defined as being ill and become patients under the care of the medical profession until they can perform adequately in their motherhood roles, or they face social condemnation and legal repercussions for being “bad” mothers. Because characteristics of the “normal” postpartum period are said to be similar to symptoms of general depression, how do some women come to identify their postpartum experiences as depression while others do not? Does the choice of traditional obstetrics or an alternative, such as midwifery, make a difference in the incidence of postpartum depression? And what changes in the social support network occur in a woman’s life as a result of a diagnosis ofPPD? Using Foucault’s theory of docility, critical constructionism, and postmodern feminism as the theoretical focus, and in-depth interviews as the research method, I compare the postpartum experiences of mothers who have been diagnosed with postpartum depression with mothers who have not been diagnosed. The sample includes mothers who gave birth with the assistance of obstetrics and mothers who gave birth with the assistance of certified nurse-midwives. In order to examine the differences in approaches to and treatment of postpartum depression, I also interview a sample of obstetricians and certified nurse-midwives. Findings show that medical professionals use gender-normative assessments, such as physical appearance, language, and nurturing tendencies to determine whether the mother is performing as expected; if not, she is defined as ill and treated with antidepressant medication. Although the majority of mothers in the sample experienced feelings of depression in the postpartum period, many resisted diagnosis and medication. Mothers found the greatest support in their peers, rather than those closest to them, citing the ability to talk candidly about the struggles they face in their motherhood roles as the way to avert or heal from PPD. This finding highlights the enforcement of normative motherhood within the social institutions of the family and medicine; thus, cultural change from ideological representations of motherhood may come about through peer relationships. INDEX WORDS: Postpartum depression, Motherhood, Medicalization, Expansion of medical control, Maternal behavior, Childbearing years, Normative motherhood

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6

Mohammed, Tiffani. "Motherhood? : stories of decision". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43430.

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Six women participated in this qualitative study investigating how unpartnered women in their early 30’s negotiate the decision of whether or not to pursue motherhood within the context of their life circumstances. Previous research has largely focused on fertility intentions and decision-making processes of married women, and/or those whose ages are within the expected reproduction time frame. This research supports the limited, recent qualitative literature highlighting the experiences of women facing biological pressures, along with influences presented within the circumstances of their lives. Narrative methodology provided the structure for this study and participants were encouraged to share their parenthood decision-making stories with guidance from open-ended questions when necessary. The in-depth narratives of these participants generated several common thematic threads: Relationships (romantic and otherwise); a sense of personal agency; family and peer influences; career and financial influences; a sense of readiness; biological pressures; research, and community support. Findings from this research supports that the parenthood decision can be particularly complicated and confusing for women who are unpartnered in their early 30’s, not only due to their relationship status, but because of competing pressures, ambitions and demands. The stories shared by these participants also reflect the non-linear decision-making process and supports that the decision is based on events and experiences encountered throughout their life journeys. Mental health practitioners can invariably learn from this research, especially when assisting women who are negotiating parenthood while in their early 30’s. Further qualitative and quantitative research could substantiate and add to these findings by deepening the identified thematic threads or capturing additional thematic threads identified by diverse groups of women.

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7

Rop, Aimee. "My World of Motherhood". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2987.

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Artist Statement In my artwork, I want to relay the emotional ups and downs of being a single mother. Motherhood, its challenges and rewards, is a recurring theme in my mixed media and photographic work. In family life we all experience the cycles of pain, sorrow, happiness, and tranquility. These are the moments that I want to explore and share. In my pieces, I incorporate simple, black outlined figures that contain little to no facial features, text that is hidden and broken up, and repeated drawings of entangled spirals. These outlined figures symbolize me as a woman that is facing the world. The obscured and hidden text represents life that is full of mystery and emotional layers. The use of spirals represents the circle of life and the limitlessness of unconditional love.

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8

Ben-Sira, Tallya. "Representation of motherhood in 19th and 20th century texts". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25262312.

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9

Contos, Kristen Amber. "Modernizing motherhood How adoption homes and birth control clinics redefined motherhood in North Texas /". Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1430300.

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Thesis (M.A. in History)--S.M.U.
Title from PDF title page (viewed May 23, 2007). Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 44-03, page: 1209. Adviser: Crista DeLuzio. Includes bibliographical references.

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10

Farnum, O'Leary Christine J. "Motherhood portrayals in American literature /". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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11

Bright, Susan. "Home truths : photography and motherhood". Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2017. http://research.gold.ac.uk/20537/.

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Home Truths is a curatorial project that examines photographic artworks depicting the experience and symbolism of motherhood in contemporary Western culture. Favouring autobiographical and documentary approaches in art photography of the 2000s, my curatorial practice draws on feminist precedents in art making and writing. There are four main outcomes to this project: an exhibition; an edited book; public programmes and a digital display titled Motherlode. In its entirety Home Truths negotiates what it means to be a mother in the twenty-first century, grappling with stereotypes, personal expectations and cultural constraints, revealing the maternal self to have both agency and power. The artists featured include: Janine Antoni, Elina Brotherus, Elinor Carucci, Ana Casas Broda, Fred Hüning, Leigh Ledare, Hanna Putz, Katie Murray, Annu Palakunnathu Matthew, Tierney Gearon, Miyako Ishuichi and Ann Fessler. In this thesis I investigate contemporary ‘maternal ambivalence’, which I identify as a response to social norms, expectations and the cultural conditions of mothering. I use the frame of ‘life narrative’ to examine maternal ambivalence in the artworks I have curated, contextualizing these within depictions of mothering in the larger photographic culture of motherhood. This thesis outlines the emergence and contextualization of the curated project and takes an expanded view of the possibilities of curating. I examine how Home Truths functioned in relation to institutions, audiences, aesthetics and display culture through the conditions (institutional, economic, aesthetic and theoretical) in which it existed. Crucially, I ask how one experiences the photography in Home Truths. Rather than viewing the different iterations of maternal life narratives examined here (literature, art photography and social networking) in contradistinction, I argue for them to be seen as productive expressions of self whose invocation of maternal subjectivities are reinforced and sustained by their relationship to one another.

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12

Fouquier, Katherine Ferrell. "Invisible Motherhood: A Heideggerain Hermeneutical Analysis of Motherhood among Three Generations of African American Women". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/nursing_diss/20.

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The mothering role of African American women has largely been ignored in the literature. Contemporary research on the construct of becoming a mother has focused on upper middle class, White women who are partnered. When African American women are included in research, they are often poor, single, teenage mothers and their experiences have not been described within the context of the African American worldview. Hermeneutic phenomenology from an afrocentric feminist perspective is the methodological approach used in this study to provide insight, analysis, and understanding of the experiences of three generations of African American women in the transition to motherhood. A purposeful sampling of eighteen women from three generations was used to identify information-rich cases that would provide an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Generation one included seven women, between the ages of 65-83, who became mothers between 1950-1970, prior to the Civil Rights Movement. Generation two included five women, between the ages 51-58, who became mothers between 1971-1990, after the Civil Rights Movement, and there were six women in generation three, between the ages of 30-42, who became mothers between 1991-2003. All of the women in this study described themselves as middle-class; four women were single when they became pregnant with their first child, and education ranged from high school to master’s degree. Three constitutive patterns and their associated themes were identified. The first pattern, It Took Me a Minute, had three themes, Finding Out, Realizing What Mothers Do and Way Tricked! The second pattern, Preserving Our Home had four themes, Mothering Within the –isms: racism, classism and sexism, I Did the Best I Could, Mothers and Others, and Spiritual Mothers. Eat the Meat; Throw Away the Bone, the third pattern had two themes, The Ways in Which We Learn and Someone Who Looks like Me. The results of this study reveal some consistency with current descriptions of maternal identity and maternal role attainment and add to our understanding of the complexities that racism, classism and gender play in the lives of African American mothers and their families. The data from this study also suggests that future development of theoretical frameworks and analytical tools, used to assess the effects of stress and other psychosocial factors on health, need to be grounded in an historic understanding of the African American experience and of the African influence on family and cultural knowledge. Additionally, this study demonstrated the impact that the media, both professional and mass media outlets, has in defining and perpetuating our beliefs and feelings of the ‘good mother/bad mother’ dualism. The description of motherhood for this group of African American women illustrates that motherhood is a source of power and provides significant meaning, satisfaction and respect within the family and the larger community. It also highlighted the communal role that “othermothers” and spiritual mothers have in facilitating the transition to motherhood and providing strong social support.

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13

Worthington, Gemma. "Motherhood with an eating disorder : breaking the cycle : the transition to motherhood with anorexia nervosa". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2014. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2034/.

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Species relationships of the endemic Elaphoglossum, and the extent and distribution of population genetic diversity were investigated using allozyme analysis in chapter five. As well as supporting the relationships of the taxa in the molecular phylogeny, the allozyme data suggest a hybrid origin of E. dimorphum between E. nervosum and E. bfurcatum. In addition the allozyme data revealed significant genetic differentiation in populations of E. nervosum and E. bfurcatum which should be taken into consideration in any future conservation programme. To conclude, Chapter 5 is a general discussion on the evolution and conservation of island plants, highlighting my research findings from St Helena and comparing it to other studies.

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14

Baker, Deborah Jane. "Motherhood : a beginning : a socio cognitive approach to the anticipation and experience of first time motherhood". Thesis, University of Bath, 1986. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373400.

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15

Smith, Kristin Elizabeth. "Full-time motherhood understanding transition dynamics /". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3515.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.
Thesis research directed by: Sociology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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16

Selvarajah-Martinsson, Maria. "Motherhood, Survival Strategies and Empowering Experiences". Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1131.

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This thesis is based on material gathered during a field study in rural Sri Lanka, a Minor Field Study, (MFS) during April-May 2007. The core of the thesis deals with conceptualisations of empowerment and how they can be interpreted contextually from the perspectives of motherhood. The interplay of gender discourses with structural dimensions are analysed to see how these work to uphold ideals whilst posing contrary demands on mothers. Part of the focus has thus been to look at how discourses are adhered, aligned and adjusted to in various ways as strategies for survival in the context of poverty and marginalisation. The way social constructions perpetuate asymmetrical power relations as natural and normative is also discussed since this is central to how gender discourses are produced, upheld and reproduced. This study initiates in the every day experiences of mothers living in absolute poverty. Through narratives and participatory observations of their daily experiences contextual discourses, structural dimensions and agency are analysed. Their experiences are viewed as interconnected with the wider perspectives of political, economic and social conditions locally and globally. Analysis of these experiences against contextual discourses and structural implications attempts to identify possibilities and potential for empowerment. By raising central issues to the mothers regarding segregation, marginalisation and vulnerability, a more contextual understanding of how empowerment is constrained and facilitated is hopefully achieved. Furthermore, how women in this study respond and relate to these issues and whether empowering experiences can be traced even where overt challenges are absent. Finally, the thesis addresses the complexity of carrying out a study of this kind, where the prerogative to define and conceptualise lies with the researcher, the beholder, representing through this very role inequity in the division of power and privilege.

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Everett, Pauline. "A relational defence of surrogate motherhood". Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4464/.

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This thesis explores surrogate motherhood using Christian ethics within a relational framework. A surrogate mother is a woman who has a child for a commissioning couple who are usually infertile. Chapter one explores how surrogacy is presented in three secular and three Church reports by focusing upon the surrogate, the commissioning couple and the child. The key theological and ethical objections to surrogacy are briefly explored: that it undermines motherhood, involves baby selling, coercion, exploitation and commodification. Chapter two analyses motherhood according to three secular feminists and three theologians. The secular feminists are criticised for not recognising the complexity of motherhood. By contrast, motherhood in Christianity is presented as multidimensional. Chapter three analyses whether paid surrogacy commodifies, exploits and coerces the participants. Theologically the chapter explores human beings as created in the image of God and as having dignity, which can mean that payment does not always have to lead to commodification, exploitation or coercion. Chapter four explores whether paid surrogacy involves baby selling. Theologically the chapter explores the concepts of the self and other in Augustine and Aquinas. It also explores agape in Anders Nygren and Gene Outka, arguing that self-interest and altruism can co-exist with care for the self and the other in a relational framework without detriment. Comparisons are made with blood donation to suggest that paid and unpaid surrogacy can operate together without paid surrogacy being regarded as baby selling or the purchase of parenthood. Finally, chapter five outlines three models towards surrogacy: a contract model, an adoption model and my relational approach, influenced by Louis Janssens’ personalism. My relationalism aims for a more sophisticated ontology of the relationship between the self and the other and calls for various solutions in a surrogacy custody dispute.

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Warrick, Rona Lee, e rona warrick@deakin edu au. "Motherhood and health: Perception and practice". Deakin University, 1995. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20070614.112804.

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19

Chivers, Sarah. "Women, motherhood, and intimate partner violence". Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/s_chivers_070308.pdf.

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20

Wilson, Kristin J. "Not Trying: Reconceiving the Motherhood Mandate". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_diss/41.

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Infertile and childless women think about, live with, and defend their status as mothers and as nonmothers, arguably more so than other women for whom motherhood comes about accidentally or relatively easily in accordance with a plan. Within this group of infertile and childless women are those who are otherwise socially marginalized by factors like class, race, age, marital status, and sexual identity. This dissertation asks about the ways in which marginalized infertile and childless women in America make sense of their situations given the climate of “stratified reproduction” in which the motherhood mandate excludes them or applies to them only obliquely. While other researchers focus on inequalities in access to treatment to explain why many marginalized women eschew medically assisted reproduction and adoption, I emphasize women’s resistance to these attempts at normalization. I take a critical, poststructural, feminist stance within a constructivist analytical framework to suggest that the medicalization, commodification, and bureaucratization of the most available alternative paths to motherhood create the role of the “infertile woman”—i.e., the white, middle class, heternormative, married, “desperate and damaged” cum savvy consumer. By contrast, the women who participated in this study are better described as the “ambivalent childless” (i.e., neither voluntary nor involuntary) and the “pragmatic infertile.” These women experience infertility and childlessness—two interrelated, potentially stigmatizing “roles”—in ways that belie this stereotype, reject the associated stigma in favor of an abiding, dynamic ambivalence, and re-assert themselves as fulfilled women in spite of their presumed deviance.

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21

Evans, Tanya. "Unmarried motherhood in eighteenth-century London". Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480695.

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22

Atkins, Claire. "Expectations of motherhood : a qualitative investigation". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1233/.

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Purpose: Women’s experiences of depression following childbirth have received increased attention within the research base over the past two decades. However, depression that occurs during pregnancy, or antenatal depression, remains poorly understood and often unrecognised. The aim of the present study was to explore women’s experiences of pregnancy and antenatal depression in order to construct a psychological understanding of antenatal depression. Method: Nine women who had, or currently, experienced depression during pregnancy were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and the data was analysed using a social constructionist grounded theory approach. Findings: An over-arching theory emerged of antenatal depression as an interpersonal, transactional process, which was reflected in the themes, including ‘the construction of meaning – developing an understanding of antenatal depression’, ‘recognising and managing transitions’, ‘the interpersonal environment’ and ‘reflections on the past and hopes for the future’. Contradictions, struggles and unresolved aspects of experiences within the women’s narratives highlighted the complex interpersonal processes negotiated by participants, who suffered from antenatal depression. Conclusion: The importance of an individual’s interpersonal world in shaping experiences is emphasised. In light of the findings, psychotherapeutic implications are discussed.

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Ward, Elizabeth. "Feminism, New Labour and lone motherhood". Thesis, University of Brighton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439211.

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LANZETTA, ROBERTA CORRÊA. "PURCHASED SUPPORT: CONTEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR MOTHERHOOD". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27299@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O Objetivo desse trabalho é analisar, através de um estudo teórico e de uma pesquisa de campo, os possíveis atravessamentos da cultura contemporânea, com ênfase nas questões da eficiência e do consumo, na construção das primeiras relações mãe-bebê e suas repercussões nas práticas de maternagem. Buscou-se para isso apoio na Psicanálise, na História e na Sociologia. Diversos aspectos estão envolvidos nas expectativas atuais diante da maternidade relacionados com sentimentos de insegurança e incerteza presentes no mundo em que vivemos, onde a vida é marcada pela incerteza, instabilidade e fluidez dos valores. O sujeito contemporâneo por conta disso acredita precisar de especialistas para respaldá-lo nos mais diversos aspectos. As inseguranças presentes na situação da maternidade, em especial no caso do primeiro filho, são aqui colocadas em relevo, problematizando a busca de apoios disponibilizados por um mercado que hoje propõe respostas em forma de cursos, manuais e diversos outros produtos a serem consumidos.
This work aims to analyze, through a theoretical study and field research, the possible influences of contemporary culture, with an emphases on issues of efficiency and consumption, in the process of building the relationship between mother and baby and their repercussions of maternal practices. For that, a support on Psychoanalysis, History and Sociology was explored. A variety of aspects are involved in nowadays expectations on maternity. Feelings of insecurity and uncertainty are present in the contemporary world, where life is dictated by uncertainty, instability and fluidity of values. Due to that, contemporary subjects often believe they need specialists to back them up in many different areas. The insecurities present in maternity, especially when it comes to firstborns, are here highlighted, questioning the search of support made available by a market that today proposes answers in form of courses, textbooks and many other products to be consumed.

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Sodi, Edzisani Egnes. "Qualitative reflections on teenage motherhood experiences". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50433.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University 2005
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the current study was to undertake a phenomenological investigation on teenage motherhood and to learn how this experience forms part of the teenage mother's life. Using the snowball sampling method, five women aged between 26 and 35 years were selected to participate in the study. All the five women became mothers during their teenage years. Indepth interviews were conducted in Northern Sotho and Tshivenda depending on the language preference and fluency of the participant. The interviews were audio-taped, and later transcribed and translated. A phenomenological method of analysis was used to transform the original data into natural meaning units (NMUs) which were further interrogated so as to distil central sociological themes that were associated with the experience of teenage motherhood. Apart from the finding that the participants got pregnant when they were aged between 16 and 18, five sociological themes associated with teenage motherhood were identified. These are: • Lack of knowledge about sexual relationships contributes to teenage pregnancy and motherhood. • Early childbearing has a negative impact on the teenage mother's social relationships. • Teenage mothers tend to experience emotional problems after delivery of their babies. • Teenage motherhood has a long term disruptive effect on the teenage mother's educational and occupational opportunities. • Teenage motherhood leads to significant lifestyle changes for those who have been through the experience. In view of the above themes, sexual education both at school and at home, is suggested here as a more viable option to help minimise the risk of teenage motherhood in society. Whilst other options like abortion and the newly introduced child support grant are also available to the teenage mother, these are not considered favourable.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die huidige studie was om 'n fenomenologiese ondersoek oor tienermoederskap te doen en uit te vind hoe hierdie belewenis deel uitmaak van die tienermoeder se bestaan. Deur die sneeubaltoetsingsmetode is vyf vroue tussen die ouderdomme van 26 en 35 jaar gekies om deel te neem aan die studie. AI vyf vroue het tydens hulle tienerjare moeders geword. Diepteonderhoude is in Noord-Sotho en Venda gevoer, afhangende van die taalvoorkeur en -vlotheid van die deelnemer. Klankopnames is van die onderhoude gemaak wat later getranskribeer en vertaal is. 'n Fenomenologiese analisemetode is gebruik om die oorspronklike data na natuurlike betekeniseenhede (NMUs - natural meaning units) te herlei wat verder ondersoek is om sentrale sosiologiese temas geassosieer met die belewing van tienermoederskap te identifiseer. Behalwe vir die bevinding dat die deelnemers swanger geraak het toe hulle tussen die ouderdom van 16 en 18 jaar was, is vyf sosiologiese temas geassosieer met tienermoederskap geïdentifiseer. Hierdie temas is: • 'n Gebrek aan kennis oor seksuele verhoudings dra by tot die voorkoms van tienerswangerskappe en -moederskap. • Vroeë kinderbaring het 'n negatiewe impak op die tienermoeder se sosiale verhoudings. • Tienermoeders is geneig daartoe om emosionele probleme te ondervind na die geboortes van hulle babas. • Tienermoederskap het 'n langtermyn ontwrigtende effek op die tienermoeder se opvoedings- en werksgeleenthede. • Tienermoederskap lei tot betekenisvolle veranderinge in lewenstyl vir diegene wat die ondervinding deurgemaak het. Met inagneming van bogenoemde temas word hier voorgestel dat seksuele opvoeding beide op skool en by die huis 'n meer lewensvatbare opsie is om die risiko van tienermoederskap in die samelewing te verminder. Alhoewel ander opsies soos aborsies en die nuutingestelde toekennings van kinderonderhoud ook vir die tienermoeder beskikbaar is, word hierdie opsies nie as bevorderlik beskou nie.

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26

Marklew, Hannah. "An exploration of the motherhood decision". Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10486.

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The portfolio thesis is separated into three parts: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research, an empirical study and appendices. Part one is a meta-synthesis reviewing the published qualitative literature regarding the decision to remain childfree in women. The aim of the synthesis was to provide healthcare professionals with an in depth insight into the influences and consequences of the decision in order to inform aspects of their practice when working with childfree women, alongside infertile women and those contemplating the motherhood decision. Five broad themes were discovered from six papers eliciting that the childfree decision is multifaceted and individual. The findings are discussed in relation to clinical implications and potential future research. Part two is an empirical study that explores the experience of the motherhood decision in women diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. Eleven women were interviewed, and data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Though the study involved both women who had children and women who did not have children following diagnosis, several themes occurred across interviews with participants. Key implications for the aid of the decision making process within health care services are discussed. Part three consists of appendices supporting both the meta-synthesis and the empirical study. It also includes a reflective statement detailing the process of the research from beginning to end.

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Price-Rhea, Kelly. "How Motherhood Affects Professional Golf Careers". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5533.

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28

Nelson, Tunisia. "Project Motherhood| A Grant Proposal Project". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10263299.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this grant proposal was to develop and seek funding for the implementation of “Project Motherhood”, a parenting program for transitional aged youth (TAY) mothers in Los Angeles County. The clients, former clients of Heritage Group home for Teens Inc., as well as referrals from local agencies located in Los Angeles County will have an opportunity to participate in the proposed parenting program.

Through a review of the literature on the needs and challenges as well as current services and interventions in place for TAY, the grant writer proposed and designed a parenting program. This grant writer explored numerous potential public and private funding sources. The Ralph M. Parsons Foundation was selected as the potential funding source because it best fit with the goals and objectives of this project.

The actual submission and/or funding of this grant were not required for the successful completion of this academic project.

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29

Harlow, Mary. "Images of motherhood in late antiquity". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30817.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis examines the nature and role of motherhood as an institution in the later Roman Empire in the west. Using a series of interlinked discourses it builds a composite image of the social ideals and expectations of mothers during a time when Christians were re-examining the cultural assumptions that underpinned family and gender relationships. Using 'medical' writings to examine the origin of assumptions about the female body, it then considers how this information was reinterpreted by patristic writers to suit their new image of the ideal body, and particularly to explain the Virgin Birth.;The image of the Virgin Mary and the development of interest in her as Virgin Mother is considered within the parameters of the ascetic debate. The patristic writers developed a discourse that denigrated maternity in favour of virginity and thus displaced mothers from their traditional place of high status in Roman society. The relationship between discourse and reality is a central underlying theme of this thesis and is discussed in close detail in a chapter that examines the effect of this ascetic discourse on mothers using well known case studies. Finally, to balance the patristic and medical writings, the law codes of the period are examined for their effect on mothers both in terms of status and inheritance.;The growing acknowledgement of the mother-child bond is recognised and mothers acquire certain legal rights they had not previously held, particularly with regard to the disposition of their own property and in the guardianship of their children. So, while the patristic discourse may undermine the status of a mother, the law makers are according her more privileges than ever before. These diverse sources produce a set of images that reflect the various thinking of the late antique world on one of the most fundamental of institutions.

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Kinser, Amber E. "Motherhood and Family Meals in Appalachia". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1252.

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31

Nilsson, Nina. "Gender Performativity and Motherhood in Coraline". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160255.

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Abstract (sommario):

Coraline by Neil Gaiman has several characters who in many ways break gender norms. The main protagonist of the novel, Coraline, acts more in accordance with masculine gender norms, and the mother figures are mothers who do not fully conform to the traditional mother role. The purpose of this study is to look at how Coraline and the mother figures perform their gender, and in which ways this breaks with or aligns with traditional gender norms. The analytical approach is based on Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity, and on masculine and feminine gender schemas defined by John Stephens. For the analysis of motherhood, gender performativity has also been used, and works by Adrienne Rich and Einat Natalie Palkovich. This study shows that the protagonists challenge traditional gender role norms of masculinity and femininity, whereof motherhood is part. The study also shows that there is a lack of female role models for the young protagonist, and that acting according to masculine gender norms is desirable and necessary in the novel. But for the mothers, breaking gender norms is undesirable, dangerous, and even punished. A conclusion of the study is that even though Coraline appears to be a feminist novel, the underlying message is not entirely so.

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Hui, Choi Wai-hing. "The transition to motherhood for Chinese women". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39634012.

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33

Isaac, May Florence. "Motherhood as a protean career for educated mothers in Australia". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/212505/1/May_Isaac_Thesis.pdf.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis challenges our ideas of what motherhood and ‘career’ means. Investigating contemporary motherhood practice, it reveals how for many educated Australian mothers, regardless of paid work engagement, motherhood is a skilled and meaningful ‘job’ and a ‘career’ in itself. The study contributes the notion of motherhood as a protean career to career theory by demonstrating how educated mothers experience motherhood over six stages – Starting Strong, Shifting Ground, Digging Deep, Aiming High, Learning Lots and Taking Stock. Motherhood as a protean career can fundamentally reshape how organisations, society and mothers themselves perceive and value the work and experience of motherhood.

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34

Henderson, Jan. "Delayed motherhood : exploring expectations, anxieties and emotional impact of the transition to motherhood at mid-life (37+ years)". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/216.

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Abstract (sommario):

A qualitative study was conducted to explore the expectations, anxieties and emotional impact of eight women having their first child after the age of 37 years. The design used semi-structured interviews to collect data in two phases. The first were conducled when participants were in their third trimester of pregnancy (26+ wecks). The second phase was conducted four to six months post-birth. The rationale for the study was that despite the continuing trend for delayed motherhood (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2002), research on the experience of'late' motherhood is extremely limited. Women are choosing to delay motherhood for many reasons, including the need to feel emotionally prepared, finding the right partner, or after years of career success and having achieved financial stability. However, the 'biological clock' may compel women to have a child simply because timc is running out. Rapid advanccs in fertility treatment and improved levels of obstetric care have extended the opportunities for childbearing, to the extent that women are having babies up to the time of menopause, which commonly begins in the late forties (Sowers, 2000). Risks associated with 'late' babies include hypertension (Mirowsky); anxiety (Windridge & Benyman, 1999), and foetal abnormality (Benke, Carver, & Donahue, 1995). In addition, women may feel unprepared for motherhood or may experience ambivalence about their decision after many years of career development and settled lifestyle (Heckhausen, Wrosh, & Fleeson, 200I). 'Elderly primigravidae,' as they are referred to, are deemed 'high risk' by the medical profession (Mirowsky, 2002) therefore women may be expos cd to a 'culture of anxiety' surrounding their choice to have a child at what is thc beginning of the midlife phase.

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Brownstein-Evans, Carol Harrington Meyer Madonna. "Reaffirming motherhood Mothers, substance use, and recovery /". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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36

Lapuerta, Irene. "Employment, motherhood and parental leaves in Spain". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/81708.

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Abstract (sommario):

Esta tesis doctoral analiza la eficacia del sistema de licencias parentales en España para facilitar la conciliación de la vida laboral y familiar y promover la igualdad de género. Para ello, el primer artículo explora los factores individuales e institucionales que influyen en el uso y la duración de la excedencia por cuidado de hijos, haciendo especial hincapié en las características que justifican la implicación de los hombres. El segundo artículo profundiza en las diferencias del contexto regional español con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto de las políticas desarrolladas por cinco Comunidades Autónomas en la utilización de esta licencia. El tercer artículo estudia los determinantes de la transición laboral de las madres a una reducción de jornada tras el nacimiento del primer hijo, teniendo en cuenta el resto de alternativas laborales disponibles; la excedencia por cuidado de hijos, el trabajo a tiempo parcial y la inactividad o el desempleo.
This PhD dissertation analyzes the effectiveness of the parental leave system in Spain to facilitate the reconciliation of work and family life and to promote gender equality. Accordingly, the first article explores the individual and institutional factors that influence the use and duration of full-time parental leave, with special emphasis on the characteristics that influence male participation. The second article delves into differences at the regional level and evaluates the impact of policies developed by five Autonomous Communities on the utilization of full-time parental leave. Finally, the third article examines the determinants of mothers’ transitions from full-time employment to part-time parental leave following the birth of their first child, while accounting for all other alternatives: full-time parental leave, part-time work and inactivity or unemployment.

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Van, Wyk Emmerentia C. "Teenage girls' experiences of pregnancy and motherhood". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2874_1233151622.

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Abstract (sommario):

Teenage pregnancy and motherhood is a challenging phenomenon worldwide. The goal of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiencesof a sample of teenage girls about pregnancy, birth and motherhood. The objectives of the research were to engage voluntary participants in autobiographical "
life stories"
and semi structured interviews relating to the phenomenon being studied
to analyze the qualitative information and do a literature control of the findings and compare and verify and make appropriate conclusions and recommendations.

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Mlotana, Pumla Princess. "Motherhood experiences of teenagers : a Xhosa perspective". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019998.

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Abstract (sommario):

In South Africa and worldwide high rates of teenage pregnancy and motherhood remains a concern. According to Mkhwanazi (2010:349) most of teenage pregnancy occurs among poor black and coloured communities. The majority of these pregnancies are unwanted and unplanned resulting teenage mother experiencing problems with motherhood. The relationship in family peers and communities are adversely affected. Teenage motherhood seen as to be socially economically and physically delirious for the teenage mother and her baby. Teenage motherhood became a burden not only on the teenage mother but also to the family and the State. Cultural issues aggravated the situation in which the teenage mother finds herself in which is the lack of support from the communities in which they live. This results to the teenage mother having a feeling being alienated. The researcher as a midwife working in labour ward observed that the teenagers of younger ages are frequently admitted in labour wards in one of the hospitals in Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality. The researcher became interested to conduct a study on mother hood experiences of teenage mothers: A Xhosa Pespective. The first objective of the study was to explore and describe the motherhood experiences of Xhosa teenagers. The second objective was to make recommendations to assist the midwives to help teenage mothers cope with motherhood. These recommendations could be used by health professionals to address the research findings. A qualitative, explorative descriptive and contextual research design was used to reach the objectives of the study. The research population consisted of Xhosa speaking teenage mothers who were residing at Kwazakhele Township and whose age was between 12 -16 years. Teenage mothers who gave birth to live babies during the last 6-12 months. Ethical considerations were maintained throughout the research study .Semi- structured interviews were conducted before data saturation was reached. The data collected during the interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Tech’s model of data analysis. The aspect of trustworthiness according to Guba’s model was implemented in the research study and included credibility, applicability, consistency and neutrality.

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Budds, Kirsty. "A critical discursive analysis of 'older' motherhood". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2013. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/19261/.

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Abstract (sommario):

Over the past few decades the number of ʻolder mothersʼ – women who begin their families at age 35 or over, has markedly increased. Concerns about rising numbers of ʻolder mothersʼ have been expressed by health professionals, who have warned of the risks of infertility and health risks to mother and baby that increase with advancing maternal age. Informed by a social constructionist epistemology, a central aim of this thesis is to contribute to understandings of ʻolder motherhoodʼ, through the identification of the ʻdiscursive terrainʼ that constitutes its meaning. A second aim is to consider the implications such discursive meanings may have for women who are positioned as ʻolder mothersʼ. In order to address these aims, 26 newspaper articles about ʻolder motherhoodʼ, and 11 in-depth interviews carried out with ʻolder mothersʼ were analysed using a critical discursive psychological approach. It is considered that the media predominantly position ʻolder mothersʼ as ʻselfishʼ - as those who ʻchooseʼ to ʻdelayʼ motherhood and therefore position them as responsible for putting themselves and their babies ʻat riskʼ. The ʻolderʼ mothers in this study did not identify with this representation and often worked to resist it through challenging the notion that their timing of motherhood was a choice, negotiating their degree of personal ʻriskʼ, and constructing themselves as ʻgoodʼ mothers. Moreover, it is argued that far from a ʻselfish choiceʼ, older motherhood is shaped by societal definitions of the ʻrightʼ or ʻidealʼ situation in which to become a mother, in addition to current ideologies of ʻgoodʼ motherhood that effectively define when a woman is ʻreadyʼ for motherhood. Finally, some recommendations for health professionals are made with respect to appropriate handling of the communication of the risks associated with later motherhood.

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Deacey, Cathy L., e res cand@acu edu au. "Motherhood Statements: Mothers and their Adolescent Daughters". Australian Catholic University. School of Arts & Sciences, 2005. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp79.09042006.

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Abstract (sommario):

Despite significant change in women’s lives in recent decades, the prevailing ideology of motherhood is predominantly based on nineteenth-century ideals. Underpinned by a socially-constructed, idealised version of womanhood, the dominant paradigm promotes an essentialist model of maternal excellence largely grounded in the early childhood context; that of the ‘good mother’. Amidst deviancy discourse that has historically beleaguered women who failed to fulfil prescribed standards of good mothering, this thesis contends that the ideology of motherhood that remains dominant requires substantial revision. Central to this is the need to understand the range of historical factors that shape and influence cultural, and thus, personal understandings of the role of a good mother. Accordingly, the literature reviewed is subjected to critical analysis, examining stereotypical depictions of women that have historically typified the archetypal ideal. Particular consideration is given to sociological, psychoanalytic and feminist accounts of motherhood, mothering and the mother-daughter relationship. Therein, the focus of this study involves assessment of the degree to which the cultural meaning attributed to being a good mother influences personal perceptions and the lived experience of mothering. While the literature reviewed provides a useful foundation for considering the likely impact the ideology of motherhood has upon the lives of contemporary women, it also highlights that the maternal perspective has been noticeably absent from much of the literature. Given the centrality of the maternal role in reproducing existing conditions of mothering, and indeed, the mother-daughter relationship (Chodorow, 1978), this study is perhaps long overdue. Based on a case study involving twelve Melbourne mothers, this thesis highlights both the commonalities and considerably divergent experiences of motherhood and the mother-daughter relationship in the postmodern context.

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Aston, Jacqueline. "Shaping their lives, accommodating career and motherhood". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0025/NQ49803.pdf.

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42

Harrison, Jane. "Negotiating motherhood identity : representations, resistance and regulation". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Human Development, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2884.

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This thesis explores the negotiations of motherhood identity of four Pakeha New Zealand mothers. During unstructured group interviews the four women were asked to talk about their experiences as mothers and the representations of motherhood they encountered in popular culture. Rather than focus on media texts, the research was designed to explore the embeddedness of media reception in these mother's everyday lives. The death of Princess Diana part way through the research process provided an illuminating example of the differences between discussions of media texts and those of everyday mothering practices. Three sites of analysis were examined - the embodied experience of pregnancy, birth and breastfeeding; the home and family; and the institutional encounters these four women described. The women engaged in a complex and contradictory process of constructing their identities as mothers against the powerful regulatory processes of the Good Mother discourse identified in the media and throughout the culture. Identity construction involved both compliance and resistance to the Good Mother discourse, often requiring a careful positioning of each woman as a Good Mother in relation to other mothers. The disjuncture between the ideological representations of motherhood and the lived daily practices of mothering produced resistance, most clearly in the shape of rejecting the Idealised Nuclear Family by choosing to mother alone rather than remaining in unhappy relationships. Powerful constructions of childhood remained largely unquestioned,however, creating a motherhood workload that was exhausting and marked by feelings of guilt and anxiety. The increasingly unstable and contested nature of family life in New Zealand today brings with it the possibility of new definitions of motherhood, family and childhood that may allow mothers like these to construct new meanings of the Good Mother that more closely reflect their own lives.

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Hui, Choi Wai-hing, e 許蔡惠卿. "The transition to motherhood for Chinese women". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39634012.

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44

Burley, Suzanne Elizabeth. "Antenatal education in the transition to motherhood". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/637.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis explores the relationship between antenatal education and the transition to motherhood, focusing on the pre-natal expectations and postnatal experiences of a small sample of first-time mothers in Plymouth. The aims of the study were 1) to investigate the style and content of statutory and voluntary sector antenatal classes in the Plymouth area. 2) To investigate factors affecting non-attendance, including non-attenders' perceptions of them. 3) To examine the role of lay systems of knowledge and support in the transition to motherhood and 4) to investigate the differential impact of different patterns of knowledge and support on the experiences of new parents, with particular attention to the three key areas of maternal wellbeing, parenting skills and parental relationships. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to obtain relevant data. The findings suggested that antenatal classes in both sectors focused mainly on labour and birth. Coverage of infant care skills and other important postnatal issues like parental relationships and maternal wellbeing were virtually non-existent. The style of antenatal classes was perceived as overly-prescriptive and directive. Information about labour and birth often duplicated what women already knew. The greatest benefit of attending classes was social, rather than informational. Many women found the classes did not provide them with realistic expectations of new motherhood. Non-attenders were found not to be disadvantaged by not attending classes, despite the common concerns of health professionals. Instead, they drew extensively on lay information and support. In light of these fmdings, it is argued that formal antenatal classes should have a broader curriculum that is also realistic. This study is implicitly critical of the biomedical framework in which maternity services are couched. It contributes to the field by broadening the definition of antenatal education to include informal and lay sources, engaging with users' (rather than just providers') views, to help evaluate antenatal education services. Importantly, it does this by evaluating them in the context of new motherhood.

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Harris, Fiona. "A socio-spatial analysis of teenage motherhood". Thesis, London South Bank University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312649.

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46

Gabb, Jacqui. "Perverting motherhood? : sexuality and lesbian parent families". Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249361.

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47

Frost, Julia. "Uncertain age : late motherhood and early miscarriage". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398781.

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48

Figueroa, Guinez Victor Manuel. "Lesbian motherhood in a Chilean cultural context". Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2018. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/323/.

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Abstract (sommario):

An emerging body of research is paying a particular attention into the family life of lesbian mothers who live in Latino countries. These studies have revealed how the cultural understandings of gender, sexuality and homophobia and the political/legal context have constrained the family experiences of Latina lesbian mothers. Notwithstanding, these studies have failed to recognize possible linkages between religious discourses and family of origin influences on understandings of lesbian motherhood within a Latino context. Latino societies hold a strong Christian religious heritage, with the Catholic Church being historically influential on national legislation that privileges heteronormative assumptions of family formation. By exploring the case of Chile, this thesis aims to examine how understandings of lesbian motherhood are constructed within the context of a strongly Catholic, and to some extent Evangelical, Latino society. The thesis details findings from three empirical, qualitative studies, within a life course theory perspective. Data from 29 participants collected through individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups were analysed. The first study used individual interviews and Narrative Analysis to explore the stories of sexual identity and motherhood of eight lesbian mothers who conceived their children within the context of a previous heterosexual relationship. The study found that participants struggled to express their same-gender feelings because lesbian women were often seen as "sick" or "deviant" and inappropriate models of motherhood. The second study used focus groups and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore the expectations of motherhood of a younger cohort of six lesbian and bisexual prospective mothers. The study revealed that participants thought that it would be difficult to deal with Chilean society as mothers because the same-gender attraction was still seen as a perversion/abnormality by some people within their family of origin and their social contexts. The third study investigated contemporary Chilean attitudes towards lesbian and gay parenting using Thematic Analysis of focus group data from 15 heterosexual women who were first-year psychology students in an evening university program. The study revealed that a minority of participants had worries that having same-gender parents could disrupt children's gender and sexual orientation development. It is concluded that despite an increasing level of acceptance of “homosexuality” in Chile, lesbian mothers were still regarded as "immoral" models for children by some heterosexual people, particularly those who had a Christian religious background. These moral discourses had a strong impact on what lesbian and bisexual participants felt they could reasonably do or on what they expected to happen by living in Chilean society as a mother.

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Panter-Brick, Catherine. "Subsistence work and motherhood in Salme, Nepal". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670373.

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50

Smith, Susan Carolyn. "Women, motherhood and return to study experiences". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10021522/.

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Abstract (sommario):

At a time when women are being encouraged to return to education because of changing demographic trends, this study explores the experiences of a group of women who are students on a variety of courses in further and adult education. Much research has already been conducted on women students in higher education and the 'problems' they encounter in taking on the student role, much less is known about the not so prestigious post sixteen sector. The study is grounded in a feminist perspective and utilises a qualitative methodology. A series of in-depth interviews were conducted during one academic year and adopted a life history format. The women were given the opportunity to tell their own stories in their own way and the importance of utilising this approach in reaching the 'private' accounts is highlighted. The first five chapters of the thesis are therefore concerned with presenting the background to the study; locating it within the literature; identifying the characteristics of a feminist perspective and the utilisation of in-depth interviews as the method of research. The following three chapters are concerned with a presentation of the data and emphasise the crucial importance of women's lives in the private sphere in the shaping of the return to study experience. Many of the problems they experience when they take on the student role are associated with fitting it in with the wife and mother roles. In addition a number of the women were studying at an institution which gave very little recognition to the needs of mature students. Two chapters are concerned with identifying the key aspects of the women's experiences and deconstruct the concepts of 'support' and 'fitting in' derived from the data. Based upon this, the ways in which the women negotiated the intersection between the public and private spheres is explored. In accordance with the underlying assumption of the thesis, that it should not just describe but prescribe action in the promotion of 'equal opportunities', the implications for policy and practice in women's education are outlined.

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Tesi sul tema "Motherhood"

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