Tesi sul tema "Modulation conditionnée de la douleur"
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Chalaye, Philippe. "Les mécanismes de modulation de la douleur et le système nerveux autonome chez des personnes en bonne santé et chez des femmes souffrant de fybromyalgie". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6227.
Testo completoDuport, Arnaud. "Interactions entre la kinésiophobie, le système moteur et la modulation descendante de la douleur : adaptations et stratégies sensorimotrices face à une douleur expérimentale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024DUNK0705.
Testo completoIntroduction : Knowledge about the role of kinesophobia in the chronicization of pain is limited. This work therefore sought to associate neurophysiological aspects to try to understand how it is involved in this chronicization. In addition, an alternative measurement tool for kinesiophobia was translated and validated in French. Methods : Five studies were conducted. The first three sought to evaluate the relationships between kinesiophobia and adaptations induced by shoulder pain on the descending pain modulation system in 20 subjects (via conditioned pain modulation), corticospinal excitability (via recruitment curves in transcranial magnetic simulation), as well as on the kinematics, muscle activity and muscle synergies of the shoulder (in 30 subjects) during a pointing task. The fourth study evaluated the feasibility of inducing kinesiophobia with a false ultrasound diagnosis in 20 subjects (including 10 controls) while measuring the effect on corticospinal excitability. The fifth translated and validated the scale of the components of fear and avoidance in a study of 55 chronic pain patients. Results : for the first three studies, pain reduced shoulder muscle activity and, coupled with high kinesiophobia, led to a reduction in the distance traveled by the finger to the target. Correlations were found between the kinesiophobia score and the variation in the slopes of the recruitment curves ans between the variation in S₅₀ and the dot product of the synergies. Negative correlations were found between conditioned pain modulation and variation in recruitment curve slopes and between variation in S₅₀ and kinesiophobia scores. The fourth study revealed that a false diagnosis had no impact on kinesiophobia or corticospinal excitability due to the absence of a history of pain in the subjects. The fifth study provided better psychometric results than some usual questionnaires. Conclusion : These interactions between the motor system, kinesiophobia ans pain provide clues about the potential elements involved in the chronicization of pain
Chalaye, Philippe. "Effets de la modulation de la respiration dans la gestion de la douleur". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5964.
Testo completoParent, Alexandre. "Intégrité et fonctionnalité des mécanismes descendants d'inhibition de la douleur en contexte de douleur chronique : perspectives en recherche translationnelle". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6991.
Testo completoAbstract : Introduction: Hitherto, our understanding about the neurophysiological mechanisms responsible for the development of chronic pain is still relatively limited. It is suggested that modifications in the efficacy of endogenous pain inhibitory mechanisms could contribute to this phenomenon. Considering the importance of monoaminergic neurotransmission in descending pain modulation, either of inhibitory or facilitatory influence, we hypothesize that temporal persistence of pain can trigger modifications in the functionality of the two major systems (serotoninergic and noradrenergic) underlying these endogenous control mechanisms, thus participating in the development and progression of chronic pain states. General objective: Adopting a translational approach, we explored the association between the functionality (central & peripheral) of monoaminergic neurotransmission and the efficacy of descending inhibitory mechanisms during the development and progression of chronic pain. Clinical results: Our results replicate several observations emanating from the literature demonstrating a diminution in the efficacy of descending pain inhibitory mechanisms (using a conditioned pain modulation paradigm; CPM) in subjects with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CP subjects). In these CP subjects, we also highlight a reduction in basal plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and metanephrine, when compared with pain-free subjects (PF subjects). For all tested subjects (PF and CP subjects), a positive association is observed between CPM efficacy and basal plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and metanephrine. Therefore, basal plasma catecholamines concentrations could be used as molecular indicators of the latent CPM efficacy. Conversely, no difference in monoaminergic activity and no association with CPM efficacy are observed when looking at the molecular content of cerebrospinal fluid. Preclinical results: Here, we expose a new double-hit model of pain in rodents (i.e., initial induction of a persistent pain [the 1st hit] and subsequent activation of descending pain modulatory mechanisms with tonic pain [the 2nd hit]). This experimental paradigm allows us to evaluate the efficacy of decending pain modulation in rodents in the context of chronic pain. Interestingly, we detect a reduction in the behavioral response to tonic pain (in the formalin test), 28 days after the induction of neuropathic pain (chronic constriction injury model; CCI), when compared to sham rats. Even though this reduction in nociceptive behaviors is still present 168 days after neuropathy, the effect seems to wane down over time. Concomitantly, in absence of tonic nociceptive stimulation, an elevation in central concentrations (i.e., cerebrospinal fluid) in serotonin and noradrenaline is observed 12 days after the induction of neuropathic pain, before returning to sham levels on day 28. Moreover, the behavioral response described on day 28 is only observed in a neuropathic pain model (CCI), and absent when inflammatory pain is used as the initial pain. Conclusions: In the context of chronic pain, our results in humans confirm the advent of modifications in the efficacy of descending pain inhibitory mechanisms, while supporting the emerging concept suggesting that individual differences in these mechanisms may be associated with individual differences in peripheral processes (such as the release of catecholamines in plasma), that could ultimately be involved in cardiovascular control. Moreover, our results in rodents suggest that dynamic changes (specific to pain types) in the efficacy of descending pain modulation, as well as in the central functionality of monoaminergic neurotransmission, are present during the progression of chronic pain. Overall, this thesis provides novel information concerning temporal neurophysiological changes in descending pain modulatory mechanisms that may be involved in the development and progression of chronic pain states.
Charlet, Alexandre. "Exploration fonctionnelle de la douleur et de sa modulation spinale chez le rongeur". Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6110.
Testo completoPain evaluation in animal experimentation always encountered a limit in the subjectivity of the researcher. In order to allow both better understanding of the nociceptive mechanisms and care of painful patients, it is useful to develop new and objective tools for pain evaluation. Firstly, I validated two new protocols of pain evaluation used on unrestrained animals: dynamic hot/cold plate in order to measure simultaneously hyperalgesia and allodynia, and dynamic weight bearing in order to monitor the postural impairment of the animal. Then, I used radiotelemetry to continuously record body temperature, heart rate and locomotor activity in freely moving animals. Thus, I detected the physiological alterations associated with a spontaneous painful event. Moreover, I developed and validated a new postoperative pain model which have allows demonstrating the preventive analgesia effect of ropivacaine. Finally, I studied the spinal modulation by neurosteroids of nociceptive signal through their relative impact of GABA- and glycinergic inhibition. Furthermore, I showed the implication of spinal endogenous neurosteroidogenesis in the analgesic effect of oxytocin inhibitory control. This work lead to new tools for pain evaluation in unrestrained animals, to the use of the radiotelemetry in the evaluation of pain associated symptoms in freely moving animals, and to a better understanding of the role of spinal endogenous neurosteroids in pain processing
Alkhoury, Abboud Cynthia. "Contrôle peptidergique de la douleur : modulation des voies descendantes par les systèmes relaxine". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0133.
Testo completoChronic pain often accompanied by anxiety and depression is a global scourge. The modulation of pain by neuropeptides (NP) is well known at the level of primary afferents and the spinal cord. However, little data is available on their role in pain in the brain. The relaxin family includes relaxin, which is present in the central nervous system (CNS) and has antifibrotic properties, and relaxin-3, which is strictly expressed in the CNS and has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Our objective is to study the modulation of pain by the neuropeptides relaxin and relaxin-3 in a mouse model of persistent inflammatory pain.Our results show that not only the relaxin-3 / RXFP3 system, but also the relaxin / RXFP1 system, which is still poorly explored in the CNS, have analgesic effects in conditions of inflammatory pain. The sites of action of these peptide systems include cortical (cingulate cortex, claustrum) and subcortical (amygdala) regions that regulate descending pathways and sensory integration in the spinal cord. Our data highlight the therapeutic potential of this peptide family, whose role in pain has never been tested before
Zeitler, Alexandre. "Traitement d'une douleur neuropathique par la modulation pharmacologique du complexe basolatéral de l'amygdale". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ115/document.
Testo completoThe amygdala is a major control center of the emotions, but also integrates sensory, especially nociceptive information. Cortical afferents to the amygdala largely target its basolateral complex. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) then projects to the central amygdala nucleus, which in turn projects densely to the periaqueductal gray and thus can drive a behavioural output via the spinal cord. Data obtained during my thesis have shown that the balance between excitation and inhibition in the BLA triggers an tonic control of pain. Therefore modulating one of the neurotransmission directly influences the pain threshold of control or nociceptive mice. My thesis work also focused on the functioning of an anxiolytic and non benzodiazepinic drug ; Etifoxin (EFX). This molecule as a positive modulator of GABAA receptors and indirectly by increasing the synthesis of neurosteroids, also known as strong modulator of these receptors. In our team, we already showed that EFX has anti-nociceptive effects when injected intraperitonealy in rats. Here we wanted to determine the action of EFX on pain descending control drive by BLA. We showed that EFX infusion in the BLA seems to be anti-nociceptive, inducing a recover of the pre-cuff mechanical threshold level. We also used a patch-clamp approach to study directly in vitro the modulation of the inhibitory synaptic transmission produced by EFX. We showed that EFX potentiate the inhibition in BLA neurons via different and complementary mechanisms. These potentiating effects are mostly dependent of a neurosteroidogenesis increase
Pomares, Florence. "Caractérisation de la réponse cérébrale à la douleur et ses modulations". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00744700.
Testo completoRoy, Vincent. "Rôle de la testostérone dans la perception et la modulation de la douleur chez les femmes". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6358.
Testo completoPagé, Catherine. "Rôle de la testostérone dans la perception et la modulation de la douleur chez les hommes". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4045.
Testo completoMorin, Mélanie. "Effet à long terme de la douleur à la naissance". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6247.
Testo completoNormand, Edith. "La perception et la modulation de la douleur chez des personnes souffrant de dépression majeure". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4019.
Testo completoZhou, Shu. "Mécanismes centraux de la perception et de la modulation de la douleur dans le vieillissement". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ062/document.
Testo completoAge-related changes in pain perception have been widely reported in the literature, showing a reduced acute pain perception and an increased prevalence of chronic pain. Ageing also results in considerable alterations in brain structures and functions, particularly in frontal networks. In this thesis, we explored the underlying central mechanisms, especially the role of frontal functions in the age-related alterations in pain perception. Results of experiments 1-3 demonstrated a strong positive correlation between the age-related alterations in executive function and the decline in pain tolerance and cognitive pain modulation. In experiment 4 we observed that the emotional function measured by a test of emotions recognition was correlated to the verbal expression of perceived pain, indicating that the reduced pain expression in the elderly may result from the deficient responses to emotion
Fontoura, Motta Andrea. "Stimulation corticale transcrânienne et réponse inhibitrice à la douleur". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7716.
Testo completoGirard-Tremblay, Lydia. "Propriétés analgésiques de la duloxétine dans la fibromyalgie : effets sur l’inhibition de la douleur". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6033.
Testo completoCouturier, Louis. "La douleur expérimentale chez les enfants atteints du trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10209.
Testo completoTétreau, Charles. "L'effet des attentes sur la modulation des réponses neuromécaniques du tronc associées à la douleur lombaire". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4474/1/030298307.pdf.
Testo completoReyns, Nicolas. "Rôle du cortex moteur dans la modulation des afférences somesthésiques : modèle de la stimulation électrique du cortex moteur". Lille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL2S022.
Testo completoPomares, Borgetto Florence. "Caractérisation de la réponse cérébrale à la douleur et ses modulations". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00671420.
Testo completoBelkouch, Mounir. "Influence de la chimiokine CCL2 sur la modulation des canaux Nav1. 8 et lors la douleur inflammatoire". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066122.
Testo completoWahis, Jérôme. "Etude des mécanismes d’action de l’ocytocine sur la modulation des circuits astro-neuronaux de régulation de la douleur". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ015/document.
Testo completoPain is a complex phenomenon arising from the nervous system. Numerous molecules modulate pain through complex and various mechanisms. One of those, oxytocin, is more famous for its roles in reproduction and social interactions, but is also a potent endogenous analgesic. During this thesis, I tried to understand how oxytocin modulates pain in two brain regions, the hypothalamus and the amygdala. This work unveiled a small group of oxytocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus which control pain through a dual action, firstly by inhibiting the pain signals in the spinal cord and secondly by activating at the same time another population of oxytocinergic neurons, which then secrete oxytocin in the bloodstream. In the amygdala, we showed that the analgesic effect of oxytocin required the proper functioning of a non-neuronal cell type, the astrocyte, which responds to oxytocin and, doing so, allows the activation of neural circuits which modulate pain
Lo, re Laure. "Rôle de GINIP, une nouvelle protéine régulatrice des protéines G inhibitrices, dans la modulation de la douleur neuropathique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4067.
Testo completoThe somato-sensory system allows our organism to detect a myriad of external and internal stimuli that can range from innocuous stimuli (pleasant touch,etc) to noxious ones (burns, tissue injury, etc). The somato-sensory neurons involved in these processes innervate the entire organism and have their cell bodies clustered within the dorsal root ganglion. Pain is a modality of the somatosensory system, sensed through nociceptors. Nociceptors represent a heterogeneous class of somato-sensory neurons with respect to functional, electrophysiological and molecular criteria. In order to expand the knowledge of the functional specialization of nociceptors, our team's strategy aimed at identifying new molecular markers of nociceptors subsets. Subsequent design of the corresponding genetic tools allowed us investigating their specific function. Therefore, we found a gene that was never described before and that marks a specific subset of nociceptors. We named it GINIP (Gaplha Inhibitory Interacting Protein) as during my thesis I showed that:- GINIP physically interacts with inhibitory G-proteins- GINIP loss of function (GINIP knock out mouse) leads to the amplification of neuropathic pain- the associated mechanism involves GABAergic signalingPathological pain (chronic inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain) is, among others, a consequence of nociceptor dysfunction. Importantly, the mechanisms leading to this aberrant function are still not totally understood. Altogether, my results underscore a new pathway involved in the negative control of nociceptors under neuropathic pain conditions, and this opens a path for new therapeutic strategies
Melchior, Meggane. "Caractérisation du contrôle descendant inhibiteur ocytocinergique et de sa modulation par un stress de séparation maternelle néonatale". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ013/document.
Testo completoOxytocin is a small peptide synthesized in hypothalamic neurons. She is well known for its roles in reproduction and social interactions, especially in mother-infant interactions, but also displays analgesic effects. During this thesis, I tried to get a better understanding of the circuits underlying OT analgesia. Then, I tried to determine if neonatal maternal separation, affecting mother-infant interactions, alters adult pain responses and oxytocin analgesia. This work allowed to identify a subgroup of oxytocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus, able to decrease pain through a dual action. They directly inhibit nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord and control the activity of another population of oxytocinergic neurons releasing the peptide in the bloodstream. Our work on maternal separation shows that it induces nociceptive hypersensitivity at adulthood, and a dysfunction in oxytocin analgesia
Paul-Savoie, Émilie. "Rôle des hormones sexuelles dans la perception et la modulation de la douleur chez les femmes atteintes de fibromyalgie". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3976.
Testo completoAbdel, Salam Ibrahim Mohamed Sherine. "A duo implication of miR-134 microRNA and LIM Kinase1 protein in neuropathic pain modulation of the rat spinal cord". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21932/document.
Testo completoPains having a neuropathic origin following CNS or PNS traumatic injury are particularly difficult to treat using the actually available therapeutic means. It is thus necessary to identify new therapeutic strategies. Hence, our aim was to define the mechanisms implicated in these neuropathic pains. Nervous lesions are characterised by an anatomical reorganization of the neuronal network of the dorsal horn. Neurochemical alterations are also involved. Some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuronal plasticity (a main feature of neuropathic pain) have been emphasized here by a variety of complementary technical approaches. LIMK1 is one of the possible actors of this reorganization. Among this protein’s known functions, and the most characterized is the phosphorylation of a family of proteins known as cofilins. Their phosphorylation induces the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton. Recently, it has been shown that a miR-134 miRNA regulates LIMK1 expression by binding to the LIMK1 messenger, inhibiting its translation into physiologically active protein. Our hypothesis is that LIMK1 regulation by miR-134 might play an essential role in pain sensitization by modulating neuron neurochemical reorganization and the associated functional neuronal plasticity. Firstly, by means of IHC and ISH, we studied miR-134/LIMK1 distribution within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in sham animal (control group) and in neuropathic pain model (SNL model). Important to note here that ISH is a known detection method recently identified to visualize miRNA. Different protocols of ISH were discussed in a part of this thesis. ISH showed a decrease in miR-134 expression in SNL rats concomitantly with an increase in LIMK1 illustrated by IHC. This finding has been confirmed by qRT-PCR techniques. Afterward, in order to check for the possible behavioural-induced changes of miR-134 and LIMK1. We intrathecally injected an anti-LIMK1 siRNA to inhibit endogenous LIMK1 expression in SNL rats. Interestingly no significant changes in pain behaviour have been observed. Artificial overexpression of miR-134 using a PremiR-134, showed the same effect. Then we tried to perform the same injections on sham rats, and more interestingly, siRNA LIMK1 and premiR-134 evoked pain hypersensitivity in shams rats. This was illustrated by means of two behaviour tests; Von Frey (VF) and the Dynamic Weight bearing (DWB). To explore the reverse effect, we inhibited miR-134 using a specific KD probe in SNL rats; unexpectedly a significant decrease in pain withdrawal threshold was observed with VF and DWB. qRT-PCR in most cases confirmed the in vivo correlation between miR-134 and LIMK1. Finally, we searched for the possible mechanism of action that could regulate this modulation. Recent published data showed an involvement of ADF/cofilin on AMPAR trafficking. In line with the above mentioned findings, miR-134 KD transfection showed a decrease in AMPAR addressed to the plasma membrane. Altogether suggest that the antinociceptive effect of miR-134 KD and LIMK1 overexpression are mediated by AMPAR insertion at the plasma membrane. It seems that miR-134 exerts a different effect on neuropathic pain than miR-103 another miRNA discussed within the frame of this thesis. MiR-103 has been proved to regulate multiple targets, the three subunits forming Cav1.2 LTC. Pain sensitization involves Cav1.2 activation which consequently alters gene expression during this form of plasticity. MiR-103 was found downregulated also in the SNL model. Conversely to miR-134, overexpression of miR-103 partially alleviates pain. It decreases pain withdrawal threshold of the Von Frey test. Unlike miR-134, miR-103 exerts a pronociceptive role during neuropathic pain
Roux, Mélisange. "Impact de la modulation de l’expression de la protéine sécrétogranine III sur les fonctions analgésiques du récepteur NTS2". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9478.
Testo completoBy, Youlet. "Modulation des récepteurs de l'adénosine par anticorps monoclonaux et ligands synthétiques. : application en physiopathologie humaine". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20688/document.
Testo completoAdenosine interacts on its cell surface receptors, namely A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R, to exertphysiological effects on target tissues. Modulation of these adenosine receptors appears to be a currenttopic of research which may bring more comprehensions on human pathophysiology yet to be elucidated.In order to study A2AR expression, we produced, in study 1, a monoclonal antibody anti‐human A2AR, calledAdonis being of IgM, isotype. Adonis recognized a linear epitope of seven amino acids on the C‐terminalpart of the A2AR second extra‐cellular loop. By Western blotting, Adonis reveals a 45 KDa band of A2AR incell lysates. Adonis behaves as an agonist‐like which increases the cAMP production and inhibits cellproliferation through A2AR stimulation. In study 2, we showed that using Adonis, to measure the A2ARexpression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells which mimic those of the cardiac tissue, was able todifferentiate some patients with suspected neurally mediated syncope. We showed, in study 3, that A2ARstimulation by Adonis leads to a down‐regulation of CXCR4 and CCR5 expression on T‐cells, suggesting thatAdonis would be a potential drug to treat HIV infections. In study 4, we showed that intracereboventricularinjection of Adonis increased the Hot‐plate and Tail‐flick test latencies in mice in a dose‐dependent manner.Such increases were prevented by two A2AR antagonists and by an opiate receptor antagonist, suggestingthat the anti‐nociceptive effects of Adonis were mediated, at least in part, by endogenous opioid liberation.The last section focused on biological evaluation of new A1R ligands in collaborative studies betweenchemists and biologists. Indeed we showed, in study 5, that among thirty synthesized molecules, four act asA1R antagonists and two turn out to be A1R agonists with a micromolar EC50 on cAMP production. ThoseA1R agonists would be used in neuropathic pains, whereas other antagonists could be used in cardiacfailure or as diuretic. Finally, in study 6, we tested an original hybrid molecule which was revealed to be abivalent antagonist to μ opiate receptors and A1R. This hybrid compound may have applications in somepathologies such as hypovolemic shock and opiate addiction
Ayachi, Safia. "Implication des récepteurs à peptides RF-amide dans la modulation de la douleur et de l'hyperalgésie induite par les opiacés". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ100.
Testo completoPain is a major health problem that reduces quality of life and imparts high social and economic costs. Despite efforts to develop new analgesics, opiates remain the most effective way to reduce severe pain. However, their prolonged use is associated with the development of analgesic tolerance and hypersensitivity to pain (hyperalgesia). It has been proposed that these phenomena would result from the activation of anti-opioid system like RF-amide receptors system, but their mechanism of action is still poorly understood. The objective of this project was to study the involvement of NPFFR1, NPFFR2 and GPR103a receptors in the development of opioidinduced hyperalgesia. This work gave an overall view of the effects of the RF-amide system and mainly of GPR103a, ranging from the cellular level, to the expression of mRNAs, to the modulation of the 26RFa-induced neuronal activity, up to an integrated level via an in vivo approach and the study of nociceptive thresholds and pain in mice. By addressing the issue of side effects associated with opioid chronic treatments, this project may lead to the development of promising strategies for pain treatment
Urien, Louise. "L' ablation des neurones GINIP+ révèle un rôle critique des mécanorécepteurs à bas seuil de type C dans la modulation des douleurs chimiques et mécaniques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4030/document.
Testo completoPrimary sensory neurons are heterogeneous by myriad of molecular criteria. However, the functional significance of this remarkable heterogeneity is just emerging. Here we used our recently generated ginip mouse model to selectively ablate the cutaneous free nerve endings MRGPRD+ neurons and the C-Low threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs). Ablation of GINIP-expressing neurons led to a significant decrease of formalin-evoked first pain and a complete absence of the second phase pain response, without affecting thermal or mechanical sensitivity. Knowing that MRGPRD+ neurons are dispensable for formalin-evoked pain and that these neurons play a critical role in acute and injury-induced mechanical pain, our data demonstrate that formalin-induced pain hypersensitivity is primarily transduced via C-LTMRs, and suggest that C-LTMRs and MRGPRD+ neurons play antagonistic roles in transduction of acute and injury-induced mechanical pain. Therefore, our results suggest that C-LTMRs act as strong modulators of chemical and mechanical pain signals
Sar, Chamroeun. "Modulation de l’activité du récepteur TRPV1 par l’interaction du couple ligand récepteur Fl/Flt3". Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE3002.
Testo completoChronic peripheral neuropathic pain represents a significant health problem. Among the many molecular players involved in transmission of noxious stimuliand the development of chronic pain, the capsaincin receptor TRPV1 is a major player. One of the best studied modulators of TrpV1 is NGF, which acts through its receptor TrKa to potentiate TRPV1 activation, itself responsible for thermal hyperalgesia in vivo. Modulators of the activity of TRPV1 are therefore likely to play a key role in neuropathic pain. In this study, we explored another potentiel modulator, the ligand/receptor system Fl/Flt3. I have shown a phenomenon by which Fl potentiates the response of TRPV1 following administration of capsaicin. This effect does not involve the TrKa receptor and is not observed when the Flt3 receptor is absent. By pharmalogical approaches, we identified the second messengers involved in this pathway thus highlighting the involvment of PKC and PKA this protein kinase involved in the sensitizitation of TRPV1 by NGE. The MEK and Pl3K pathways also seems participate in the regulation of TRPV1 by Flt3. Flt3 involvements in maintaining periphera neuropathic pain was demonstrated using animal models. Thus, mice in wich the Flt3 gene was inactivated do not develop hypersensitivity to pain after peripheral nerve injury. Conversely, blocking, Flt3 functions by anti-Flt3 siRNA or by pharmacological inhibitors reserved pain behaviours in the chronic constriction model of neuropathic pain. These results suggests that the way have identified a crucial factor in the maintenance of neuropathic pain and thus could represent an important advance in the development of new therapeuric strategies
Prigent, Elise. "Modulation émotionnelle de la perception de l’action motrice d’autrui". Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA113006.
Testo completoUnderstanding others’ motor behaviour is part and parcel of Humans’ social experience. According to scientific literature, we rely on specific mechanisms for perceiving human bodies (whether static or moving) on the one hand, and processing emotional facial expressions on the other hand. This thesis aims to understand to what extent the emotion conveyed by a person’s face can modulate one’s perception of her/his motor action. Results of study 1 showed that our estimation of an individual’s static equilibrium is modulated by the observed individual’s emotional facial expression (smiling or tensed). Study 2 focused on perceptual estimation of the physical effort developed by a person on the basis of his facial expression of pain alone. Results revealed that participants adopt two automatic perceptual mechanisms. The first, highlighted via functional measurement, facilitates estimating the intensity of effort pain felt by others. The second, evidenced by measuring memory bias, leads to an automatic anticipation of the subsequent changes in the intensity of pain-related facial expressions. Study 3 showed that the estimation of physical effort developed by a paraplegic individual performing a transfer movement is modulated by two pain behaviours (guarding and facial expression of pain). Interestingly, this modulation varies with participants’ familiarity with both the medical domain and paraplegia. The conclusion of this research suggests that the modulation of emotional perception related to others’ motor action is primarily subtended by an automatic (bottom-up) process and an implicit emotional contagion. However, the latter can be inhibited by an explicit (top-down) process which may depend on (1) the type of inference made on others (estimating postural balance or physical effort developed in others), and (2) the familiarity of the observer with motor action and facial expressions
Mesnage, Bruce. "Système cholinergique et modulation de la transmission nociceptive spinale". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ122/document.
Testo completoIn the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH), endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) acts as a powerful analgesia, of clinical use. Though its source and mechanisms remain unravelled, this analgesia probably lies in a plexus of cholinergic fibers (PCF) located in the SCDH and of undetermined origin. In this context, we established that the PCF mainly originates from a spinal population of cholinergic interneurons, fully characterized in this work. These are, thus, the likely substrate of the spinal cholinergic analgesia.Besides, ACh receptors (AChR) partly mediate the analgesic acute effects of morphine. In this work, we also observed that a chronically-administered AChR agonist reproduces as well the pro-algesic effects of morphine in the same conditions. Thus, ACh appears as a possible intermediary or a final effecter of the morphine pain pathways.Our data suggest that the cholinergic system could become a new putative therapeutic target in pain management and treatment
Morin, Annie. "Efficacité de la stimulation transcrânienne par courant direct (tDCS) pour réduire la douleur lors des relations sexuelles chez les femmes atteintes de vestibulodynie provoquée". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11430.
Testo completoVoisin, Tiphaine. "Développement d’une souris modèle pour l’étude de la modulation metal/redox du canal calcique Cav3.2 dans l’excitabilité neuronale et dans les voies de la douleur". Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTT037.
Testo completoCav3.2 T-type channels are low-voltage activated calcium channels. They have an important role in the regulation of neuronal excitability, particularly in neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) where they are involved in pain transmission. It is established that Cav3.2 channels are inhibited by low concentrations of divalent metals such as zinc and nickel, and are modulated by redox agents. In vitro, the histidine191-to-glutamine mutation (H191Q) greatly reduces the Cav3.2 channel sensitivity to these compounds and it is proposed that this regulation plays a physiological role. The objective of this thesis was to study the physiological impact of this modulation on neuronal excitability and pain perception. To do this, we generated a knock-in (KI) mouse carrying the H191Q mutation on Cav3.2. Electrophysiological study was carried out on a particular population of DRG neurons, the D-hair cells, which are mechanoreceptors that express large Cav3.2 currents. We show that the sensitivity to zinc, nickel and ascorbate of the neuronal Cav3.2 channels is significantly reduced in the KI mouse. We also show that this modified regulation promotes an increase in the excitability of these neurons. To study the impact of this modulation in vivo, we performed behavioral studies. KI mice show no difference in the perception of mechanical and thermal pain, nor in hyperalgesia induced by inflammation and neuropathy. However, KI mice show an exaggerated response in the late phase in the formalin test. In summary, we describe here an original animal model to study the metal/redox regulation of Cav3.2 channel and identify a role of this modulation in the excitability of D-Hair neurons. Our results indicate, however, that this modulation of Cav3.2 channel may have a limited impact in the pain pathways
Leonardon, Benjamin. "Modulation de la transmission synaptique inhibitrice par les récepteurs NMDA dans la corne dorsale de la moelle épinière de souris". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAJ006.
Testo completoIn the dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord, inhibitory synaptic transmission plays a key role in the processing of nociceptive information. This inhibition can display plastic changes linked with hyperalgesia and allodynia associated with neuropathic pain. In the DH, NMDA receptors are recruited following a nerve injury. Although their role in plastic phenomenon is well established, little is known about their involvement in spinal inhibition plasticity. My research project aims at studying the effect of NMDA receptor activation on spinal synaptic inhibition in a normal state and during neuropathic pain. To do so we used an electrophysiological approach on acute spinal cord slices of adult mice. Results obtained allow a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the modulation and plasticity of inhibitory transmission within the spinal nociceptive network
Radwani, Houda. "Modulation de la transmission nociceptive par les récepteurs métabotropiques du glutamate de groupe I et les canaux calciques de type L dans la moelle épinière : approche électrophysiologique in vivo". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0383/document.
Testo completoPain is an unpleasant experience which is part of our lives. When it does not last long time, it is often a warning sign for our organism. However unfortunately, in some pathological cases, it can last a long time, and become chronic, intolerable, and requires a treatment that is not always enough to relieve the patient, a treatment that has limited efficacy with significant undesirable side effects. It is important now to ameliorate our knowledge about the mechanisms implicated in pain transmission to develop new therapeutic tools. In this context, many studies conducted in recent years in our laboratory have indicated that the neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord express intrinsic amplification properties of afferents input rely on calcium currents via the L type calcium channels. For that, the role of L type calcium channels and especially the role exact of each canal: Cav1.2 and Cav1.3, the two only iso-forms of L channels expressed in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, in the painful sensitization has been studied in the first part of this present work. We studied in rat, in vivo, and by using a computational approach to simulate neuronal activity, the impact of these currents Cav1.2 and Cav1.3, both on the phenomenon of Wind-up, a form of short term sensitization, and in the model of a peripheral neuropathy model (SNL) characterized by a form of long-term sensitization. We showed that the presence of Cav1.3 (but not the Cav1.2) is important for Wind-up’s expression regardless of the physio-pathological context (control / neuropathy), whereas the removal of Cav1.2 (but not Cav1.3) decreases significantly the expression of the pain behavior in the context of neuropathy. In another side, it has been shown in our laboratory that group I metabotropic glutamatergic receptors (mGluRs I), receptors of Glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in nociceptive transmission, interact with L channels by modulating their activity. In pathological condition such in the condition of inflammatory pain the role of these channels L is controversial, and if the interaction between mGluRs I and L channels is always present in these inflammatory conditions is poorly known. We decided then to study in the second part of this work the role of these channels, and their interaction with mGluRs I in the condition of inflammatory pain. By using electrophysiological extracellular recording, pharmacology, behavior, intrathecal injections, and molecular biology, we showed that pharmacological activation of mGluRs I increase the nociceptive transmission and that this effect requires the activation of L type calcium channels in control conditions. Unexpectedly, in the context of the inflammation, our results show that activation of mGluRs I induce an anti-nociceptive effect and this effect is independent of L channels. Moreover, we confirmed that the blockade of L calcium channels is without effect in case of the inflammation. Furthermore, we showed that the contradictory effect due to the activation of mGluRs I pass through a strengthening of inhibitory transmission. In conclusion, our results show the interest to target L type calcium channels and more specifically the Cav1.2 channel in case of neuropathic chronic pain. We also show that mGluRs I could be good therapeutic candidates in the inflammatory context
Reyns, Nicolas. "ROLE DU CORTEX MOTEUR DANS LA MODULATION DES AFFERENCES SOMESTHESIQUES. MODELE DE LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE DU CORTEX MOTEUR". Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440877.
Testo completoBradley, Claire. "The first steps of cortical somatosensory and nociceptive processing in humans : anatomical generators, functional plasticity, contribution to sensory memory and modulation by cortical stimulation". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10213.
Testo completoThe somatosensory system participates in both non-nociceptive and nociceptive information Processing. In this thesis work, we model and characterize the electrical activity of the operculo-insular cortex within non-painful and nociceptive networks, using non-invasive electrophysiological recordings in humans. Validity of the modeled response to a nociceptive stimulus was evaluated by comparing it to intra-cranial recordings in epileptic patients, revealing excellent concordance. We went on to use this model to determine whether a technique of non-invasive cortical stimulation currently used to relieve neuropathic pain (motor cortex magnetic stimulation) was able to modulate acute nociceptive processing in healthy participants. We show that this intervention is not more efficacious than placebo stimulation in blocking nociception. This raises questions regarding the mechanisms of action of this technique in patients, which might implicate a modulation of pain perception at a higher level of processing. Finally, we attempted to stimulate the operculo-insular cortex directly, using three different methods. Low-frequency intra-cortical stimulation in epileptic, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the same region in healthy participants and multipolar transcranial electrical stimulation (tDCS).Altogether, the studies presented here show how a non-invasive approach in humans allows characterising and modulating the activity of the operculo-insular cortex. While this region might be an interesting target for future treatment of drug-resistant pain, its stimulation in patients would require further investigation of parameters and procedures
FRIESE, NADINE. "Effets antinociceptifs des agonistes opioides kappa dans la douleur viscerale : modulation de la transmission nociceptive induite par des stimuli mecaniques et/ou chimiques provenant des visceres digestifs et non digestifs". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13262.
Testo completoGuntz, Emmanuel. "Modulation du récepteur N-méthyl-D-aspartate au niveau de la corne dorsale de la moelle épinière par les récepteurs opiacés et les récepteurs A2A de l'adénosine". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209233.
Testo completoKuster, Robin. "Modulation sexe-dépendante du traitement des informations nociceptives par l'inhibition GABAergique spinale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ016.
Testo completoThe short-term plasticity of GABAergic synapses in the lamina II of the spinal cord is essential for processing nociceptive information. This plasticity varies depending on the type of postsynaptic neuron, whether excitatory or inhibitory. Our findings indicate a sex-specific modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission, particularly in response to acute peripheral inflammation. These observations highlight the importance of maintaining a balance between inhibition and excitation in processing nociceptive information. They also suggest that mechanisms regulating GABAergic synaptic transmission may explain differences in mechanical and thermal sensitivity between males and females.Our work enhances understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of nociception, considering often overlooked sex-related differences
Atmani, Karim. "Modulation neuro-glial associée à la sensibilisation croisée des organes pelviens : Effet sur la nociception viscérale". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR039/document.
Testo completoIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) are bothcharacterized by visceral hypersensitivity to distension. Epidemiology showed thatthese two syndromes are closely associated since IBS patients have a prevalence ofbladder pain syndrome that is 7 times higher than the general population. However,the mechanism responsible for sensitization of the gastrointestinal tract and theurinary tract has never been studied. Given the common innervation of these twoorgans, it is likely that this mechanism involves long-term phenomena of neuro-glialplasticity at the common levels of integration of pelvic sensitivity.The overall objective of this work was to establish and characterize an animalmodel of bladder / colon cross-sensitization, acute and chronic, to better understandthe mechanisms involved in cross-visceral hypersensitivity
Bergeron-Vézina, Kayla. "Efficacité analgésique de la neurostimulation périphérique (TENS) chez les aînés". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6067.
Testo completoGuindon, Josée. "Modulation du système endocannabinoïde dans des modèles de douleur inflammatoire et neuropathique". Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15508.
Testo completoCardinal-Aucoin, Natalie. "Modulation of nociception and pain by attention and stress". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10896.
Testo completoPsychological factors such as hypnosis, emotion, stress, and attention produce powerful modulatory effects on nociception and pain. However, the influence of attention on nociception and pain and the underlying neural mechanism responsible are unclear. The current literature on attentional modulation of spinal nociceptive responses, as measured by the RIII reflex, and pain perception (pain intensity) is inconsistent and often contradictory. The present thesis provides a new component-based framework for the examination of attentional modulation of the RIII reflex and pain. A delayed-discrimination task was decomposed into the three components of attention – namely alerting, orienting, and executive control (sensory working memory). Previously, the multidimensional nature of attention was largely ignored in the pain literature. We show that each component of attention exerts a distinct modulatory effect on nociception and pain and suggest that this accounts for some of the confusion in the literature. By considering stress separately, we demonstrate for the first time that stress blocks attentional modulation of the RIII reflex, indicating an interaction and dissociation of attention- and stress-mediated modulation of spinal nociceptive responses. This important finding clarifies much of the disagreement in the literature, since cognitive tasks often induce increases in stress that consequently confound interpretation. Additionally, both visual and somatosensory stimuli were included in the discrimination task, revealing that the influence of attention on pain intensity is spatially-specific whereas attentional modulation of nociception is modality-specific, at least for the modalities investigated. From these findings a component-based model for the attentional modulation of pain processes is proposed. This model is substantially supported by the literature and provides a meaningful and cohesive explanation of the seemingly contradictory results across studies. Moreover, this model suggests potential neural mechanisms underlying the attentional modulation of pain.
Arsenault, Marianne. "Étude des mécanismes psychophysiologiques de la modulation volontaire de la douleur par le biofeedback et la respiration". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9875.
Testo completoAlthough pain is a universal subjective expérience, the way of perceiving and interpreting it is modulated by multiple factors. Several cognitive interventions have proven effective in reducing pain in clinical and experimental conditions. This thesis will focus particularly on psychophysiological mechanisms involved in voluntary strategies of pain modulation. These strategies are relevant because they encourage an individual who suffers from pain conditions, to play an active role in the regulation of pain. The first study examines the effectiveness of biofeedback as a means of voluntary modulation of pain. This allows to determine whether to provide feedback to the amplitude of the RIII-reflex (evoked by electrical stimulation of the sural nerve) during a training induces the participant to adopt strategies for pain modulation and voluntarily activate descending inhibitory control mechanisms of pain. In order to specifically evaluate the changes induced by biofeedback, RIII reflex modulation and pain was compared in three groups (valid biofeedback, sham biofeedback and control group without feedback). In all three groups, participants were encouraged to use cognitive strategies of pain (attention, modulation of breathing, mental imagery and cognitive reappraisal) to increase or decrease their RIII reflex compared to their baseline. The results of our study indicate that the three groups were able to modulate their RIII reflex (p<0.001) as well as their pain évaluation (p<0.001) (intensity and unpleasantness). Biofeedback training was not required to obtain a modulation of the RIII-reflex and pain, suggesting that the use of these strategies may be sufficient to trigger mechanisms of pain control. The second study was interested in the influence of respiratory frequency and phase on spinal nociception, brain activity and perception of pain. Voluntary control of breathing is a common means of regulating emotions, and is frequently used in combination with other techniques (eg, relaxation, meditation) in order to regulate pain. Participants were asked to synchronize their breathing on the cues indicating the time of inspiration and expiration. Three breathing patterns were proposed (breathing at 0.1 Hz with 4 seconds inspiration, breathing at 0.1 Hz with 2 seconds inspiration and breathing at 0.2 Hz with 2 seconds inspiration). Half of stimuli were given during inspiration and the other half during expiration. To assess the effect of these manipulations, the amplitude of the RIII, the subjective evaluation of pain intensity and anxiety elicited by the shock and evoked potentials were measured. The results of this study demonstrate that pain intensity was not affected by the respiratory pattern (p = 0.3), but was statistically lower during inspiration compared to expiration (p = 0.02). A phase effect (p = 0.03) was also observed on evoked potentials during the breathing pattern 0.1 Hz with 2 seconds inspiration compared to the breathing pattern at 0.2 Hz. However, the amplitude of the RIII reflex was increased during inspiration (p = 0.02) compared to expiration. These results show that the manipulation of phase and frequency with paced respiration has a marginal effect on pain and anxiety ratings, as well as on brain activity and spinal nociception evoked by painful electrical stimulation. This suggests that other mechanisms contribute to the analgesic effects of relaxation and meditation. More broadly, our results indicate the need for further studies with more rigorous methodology to control for nonspecific treatment effects evaluated. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying each strategy would allow a better selection of the treatment as a function of individual differences and cost-benefit ratio associated to each treatment.
Desroches, Julie. "Rôle et implication du système cannabinoïde dans la modulation périphérique de la douleur inflammatoire et neuropathique". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11170.
Testo completoOpium (opioids) and cannabis (cannabinoids) derivatives present many interesting properties. Following the identification of their respective receptors, various pharmacological strategies have tried to exploit their analgesic properties. The cloning of cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors has promoted the discovery of endogenous agonists of these receptors named endocannabinoids. The two mostly studied endocannabinoids are anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG). This has also led to the identification of enzymes that catalyze the inactivation of these endogenous cannabinoids: a fatty acid amide hydrolase or FAAH and a monoacylglycerol lipase or MAGL. It is known that the endogenous cannabinoid system is upregulated in a variety of pathological processes, such as inflammatory and neuropathic pain. This increase is usually interpreted as a physiological response to restore homeostasis and it was particularly observed in the periphery. Endocannabinoids seem to act specifically at key moments in targeted tissues to minimize the consequences related to the onset of pain. This observation is very interesting from a therapeutic perspective because it suggests the possibility of targeting the endocannabinoid degrading enzymes in order to increase their local concentrations and thus prolong their neuromodulatory action. At the peripheral level, the activation of cannabinoid receptors induces beneficial antinociceptive effects while minimizing side effects often associated with their central activation. We focused our work on the peripheral modulation of this endogenous system using inhibitors of endocannabinoid degrading enzymes to assess their therapeutic potential and to elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying their effects in animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. We have demonstrated that this approach can relieve the symptoms associated with these two types of pain, through the activation of CB1 and CB2 receptors. The opioid and cannabinoid systems have similarities, including comparable locations along the pain pathways, mechanisms of action relayed by G protein-coupled receptors and common pharmacological properties such as analgesia. The opioid system is involved in the antinociceptive effects induced by cannabinoids. In contrast, the participation of the cannabinoid system in those induced by morphine remains uncertain. We have demonstrated that peripheral and spinal antinociceptive effects induced by morphine are reduced in genetically modified mice in which the expression of CB1 and CB2 receptors was eliminated, suggesting a role for these receptors in the effects of morphine. We have further demonstrated that the decrease in morphine-induced analgesia in these mice is not caused by a malfunction of the mu opioid receptors (MOP) or by a down-regulation of these receptors. Our results confirm the existence of functional interactions between cannabinoid and opioid systems at the peripheral and spinal levels. These findings are promising from a therapeutic perspective since a targeted modulation of the levels of endocannabinoids and endogenous opioids would induce potentially synergistic beneficial analgesic effects while minimizing side effects associated with the central activation of these systems.
Baylard, Jean-François. "Étude exploratoire de l'influence modulatrice du système nerveux autonome sur l'interprétation de la douleur". Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15423.
Testo completoPiché, Mathieu. "Les mécanismes endogènes de modulation de la douleur et leur dysfonction dans le syndrome de l'intestin irritable". Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3139.
Testo completoPain is a subjective experience comprising multiple dimensions and is accompanied by physiological responses. These responses are regulated by neural processes that play a crucial role in cerebral and spinal modulation of pain. However, the mechanisms of this regulation are still not clear and a better understanding of these processes is essential in order to treat pain effectively. The four studies of this thesis were intended to define the central mechanisms of endogenous pain modulation by counterirritation (application of two competing noxious stimuli) and to investigate the dysfunction of these mechanisms in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). First, an experimental model was developed in which functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure brain activity concurrently to the recording of the nociceptive flexion reflex (RIII: an index of spinal nociceptive processes) and skin conductance responses (SCR: an index of sympathetic activation). The first study indicates that individual differences in shock-evoked brain activity in the orbitofrontal (OFC) and cingulate cortices are associated with individual differences in pain sensitivity, motor reactivity (RIII), and autonomic reactivity (SCR) in healthy volunteers. In the second study, it is shown that counterirritation analgesia produced in healthy volunteers is accompanied by the inhibition of the amygdala by the OFC, and the inhibition of the RIII reflex by the periacqueductal gray matter (PAG) and the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). In the third and fourth studies, pain and RIII reflex were not significantly modulated by counterirritation in patients with IBS in comparison to healthy controls. Furthermore, the severity of psychological symptoms was associated with pain modulation deficits and diffuse hypersensitivity in IBS patients. Together, the results of these studies clarify the functions of pain-related activity in specific brain structures and the mechanisms underlying counterirritation analgesia. Moreover, it is concluded that patients with IBS show a dysfunction of cerebral and spinal processes involved in both the perception and modulation of pain.
Roy, Mathieu. "Mécanismes cérébraux et cérébraux-spinaux impliqués dans la modulation de la douleur par la musique et les émotions". Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6373.
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