Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Modèles prédictif"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Modèles prédictif":
Carrive, Laurent. "De la réalité des modèles et des théories". Acta Europeana Systemica 4 (14 luglio 2020): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/aes.v4i1.57283.
THEBAULT, A., E. J. PEELER, A. G. MURRAY, E. BRUN, A. GIOVANINNI e M. A. THRUSH. "Application de la modélisation en santé des espèces aquacoles". INRAE Productions Animales 20, n. 3 (7 settembre 2007): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2007.20.3.3460.
Pérez, Fredy, e Velásquez Hermilson. "Análisis de cambio de régimen en series de tiempo no lienales utilizando modelos TAR". Lecturas de Economía, n. 61 (3 novembre 2009): 101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n61a2731.
Riou França, L., e I. Dufaure-Garé. "Le trouble de l’adaptation avec anxiété : recherche de facteurs prédictifs d’une réponse au traitement". European Psychiatry 30, S2 (novembre 2015): S157—S158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.318.
KWETU SAMBO, Gloire, N’GUESSAN BI Vami Hermann Hermann e KOUAME Koffi Fernand. "Analyse et prévision du mode d’occupation du sol à partir de l'utilisation combinée des modèles de Markov et de la théorie de l’Évidence de Dempster-Shafer: application aux bâtis de la ville de Goma en République Démocratique du Congo". Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection 225, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2024): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2023.651.
Battista, Katelyn, Liqun Diao, Karen A. Patte, Joel A. Dubin e Scott T. Leatherdale. "Utilisation des arbres décisionnels dans la recherche en surveillance de la santé de la population : application aux données d’enquête sur la santé mentale des jeunes de l’étude COMPASS". Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 43, n. 2 (febbraio 2023): 78–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.2.03f.
Lubrano, Michel. "Modélisation bayésienne non linéaire du taux d’intérêt de court terme américain : l’aide des outils non paramétriques". Articles 80, n. 2-3 (24 ottobre 2005): 465–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011396ar.
Gaille, Marie, Marco Araneda, Clément Dubost, Clémence Guillermain, Sarah Kaakai, Élise Ricadat, Nicolas Todd e Michael Rera. "Conséquences éthiques et sociales de biomarqueurs prédictifs de la mort chez l’homme". médecine/sciences 36, n. 12 (dicembre 2020): 1199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020228.
Choppin, S., e C. Henry. "Caractéristiques cliniques pour un meilleur choix thérapeutique dans la dépression bipolaire". European Psychiatry 30, S2 (novembre 2015): S57—S58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.160.
Henry, C., S. Choppin e E. Henry. "La dépression bipolaire : quels marqueurs cliniques de réponse au traitement et quelles alternatives thérapeutiques pour les formes résistantes ?" European Psychiatry 30, S2 (novembre 2015): S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.159.
Tesi sul tema "Modèles prédictif":
Benson, Marie Anne. "Pouvoir prédictif des données d'enquête sur la confiance". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69497.
Confidence survey data are time series containting the responses to questions aiming to measure confidence and expectations of economic agents about future economic activity. The richness of these data and their availability in real time attracts the interest of many forecasters who see it as a way to improve their traditional forecasts. In this thesis, I assess the predictive power of survey data for the future evolution of Canadian GDP, while comparing the forecasting performance of the Conference Board of Canada own confidence indices to the indicators I construct using principal component analysis. Using three simple linear models, I carry out an out-of-sample forecasting experiment with rolling windows on the period 1980 to 2019. The results show that principal component analysis provides better-performing indicators than the indices produced by the Conference Board. However, the results of the study cannot show that clear that confidence improves forecasting unambiguently once the lagged growth rate of GDP is added to the analysis.
Alaoui, Ismaili Oumaima. "Clustering prédictif Décrire et prédire simultanément". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLA010.
Predictive clustering is a new supervised learning framework derived from traditional clustering. This new framework allows to describe and to predict simultaneously. Compared to a classical supervised learning, predictive clsutering algorithms seek to discover the internal structure of the target class in order to use it for predicting the class of new instances.The purpose of this thesis is to look for an interpretable model of predictive clustering. To acheive this objective, we choose to modified traditional K-means algorithm. This new modified version is called predictive K-means. It contains 7 differents steps, each of which can be supervised seperatly from the others. In this thesis, we only deal four steps : 1) data preprocessing, 2) initialization of centers, 3) selecting of the best partition, and 4) importance of features.Our experimental results show that the use of just two supervised steps (data preprocessing and initialization of centers), allow the K-means algorithm to acheive competitive performances with some others predictive clustering algorithms.These results show also that our preprocessing methods can help predictive K-means algorithm to provide results easily comprehensible by users. We are also showing in this thesis that the use of our new measure to evaluate predictive clustering quality, helps our predictive K-means algorithm to find the optimal partition that establishes the best trade-off between description and prediction. It thus allows users to find the different reasons behind the same prediction : two differents instances could have the same predicted label
Durand, Maxim. "Etude de la régulation lymphocytaire T dans deux modèles de transplantation rénale et pulmonaire". Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT1001/document.
Transplantation is nowadays systematically associated with the administration of immunosuppressive treatments inhibiting the allo-immune response toward the graft to prevent the rejection by the recipient's immune system. However, these heavy treatments have several deleterious effects and are not able to control longterm chronic rejection development. Thus, the objective of this PhD work, based on two distinct clinical situations, is part of two priority axes of transplant research: (1) identify early predictive markers of long-term lung allograft dysfunction and (2) decipher the mechanisms involved in the acceptance of kidney allograft in operational tolerance. We first investigated the mechanisms of graft acceptance in kidney transplanted patients with a functional graft in the absence of immunosuppressive therapy. We identified in these patients a greater proportion of circulating memory regulatory T lymphocytes, with an increased ability to degrade extracellular ATP, a pro-inflammatory mediator, and favour a protolerogenic environment. Thus, this mechanism, not efficient in stable patients under treatments, could participate in the inhibition of the allo-immune response leading to maintaining a functional kidney graft in the absence of immunosuppression. In a second time, we interested in the prediction of chronic rejection occurrence in lung transplanted patients. We report that the early posttransplant regulatory T lymphocyte profile is modified in patients who will develop chronic rejection in the 3 years. Thus, monitoring this predictive biomarker could allow a better identification of patients at risk of rejection
Ghosn, Stéphanie. "Développement d'un modèle animal prédictif de la réponse immunitaire de l'homme aux vaccins". Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077119.
In the field of vaccine development, a predictive preclinical model is most needed. In this study, our first objective was to compare the validity, for preclinical evaluation of vaccines, of two humanized mouse models, based on the engraftment of NOD-SCID-Gamma null (NSG) mice with either peripheral blood lymphocytes (Hu-PBL-NSG) or human spleen lymphocytes (Hu-SPL-NSG). The second objective was to use the best model to evaluate different vaccine candidates against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in order to select the most promising ones. NSG mice were engrafted with either peripheral blood lymphocytes or spleen lymphocytes and immunized with different vaccine preparations. Our resuits show that the engrafted human lymphocytes remain functional in both models, and secrete IgG, as well as specific antibodies against the injected antigens. However, the Hu-PBL-NSG model exhibits high morbidity and mortality rates. Moreover, human specific antibody responses elicited in this model remain predominantly of the IgM isotype even aliter repeated booster immunizations. These limitations were completely absent in the Hu-SPL-NSG model that has thus been selected to study the human immune response induced by a P. Falciparum liver stage construct LSA3-FL (Liver Stage Antigen 3-Full Length). Our findings corroborate the resuits observed in a clinical trial conducted with LSA3-FL and diverge from those obtained in rodents and primates. In conclusion, we propose that the Hu-SPL-NSG mouse is a cost efficient and time saving preclinical model that allows optimal screening of potentially protective vaccine candidates prior to clinical trials
Luc, Pauline. "Apprentissage autosupervisé de modèles prédictifs de segmentation à partir de vidéos". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM024/document.
Predictive models of the environment hold promise for allowing the transfer of recent reinforcement learning successes to many real-world contexts, by decreasing the number of interactions needed with the real world.Video prediction has been studied in recent years as a particular case of such predictive models, with broad applications in robotics and navigation systems.While RGB frames are easy to acquire and hold a lot of information, they are extremely challenging to predict, and cannot be directly interpreted by downstream applications.Here we introduce the novel tasks of predicting semantic and instance segmentation of future frames.The abstract feature spaces we consider are better suited for recursive prediction and allow us to develop models which convincingly predict segmentations up to half a second into the future.Predictions are more easily interpretable by downstream algorithms and remain rich, spatially detailed and easy to obtain, relying on state-of-the-art segmentation methods.We first focus on the task of semantic segmentation, for which we propose a discriminative approach based on adversarial training.Then, we introduce the novel task of predicting future semantic segmentation, and develop an autoregressive convolutional neural network to address it.Finally, we extend our method to the more challenging problem of predicting future instance segmentation, which additionally segments out individual objects.To deal with a varying number of output labels per image, we develop a predictive model in the space of high-level convolutional image features of the Mask R-CNN instance segmentation model.We are able to produce visually pleasing segmentations at a high resolution for complex scenes involving a large number of instances, and with convincing accuracy up to half a second ahead
Palomares, Maria Lourdes Distor. "La consommation de nourriture chez les poissons : étude comparative, mise au point d'un modèle prédictif et application à l'étude des réseaux trophiques". Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT022A.
Lu, Jun. "Développement de modèles prédictifs décrivant le couplage chimie-transport dans les sédiments naturels". Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2287/document.
Management of soils or sediments contaminated by metals requires to predict the migration of metallic cations, whose mobility depends both on the transport properties of the medium and chemical reactivity of the system (principally sorption/desorption reactions). To study the sorption of metallic cations (major and trace) in dynamic condition, transport experiments using columns have been carried out with a soil poor in carbonated minerals and organic matter. Considering that the reactivity of this soil was mainly due to swelling clay minerals, a sorption model based on the sorption properties of the Wyoming montmorillonite and built according to a multi-site ion exchanger theory has been integrated into a 1D transport code. The predictions given by this model were then compared with the breakthrough curves measured in this study and those reported in the literature. The study of the reactive transport of major cations highlighted the significant role of protons (even at near neutral pH), and validated the model for major cations (Na and Ca). However, the study concerning Zn (II) showed a discrepancy between the results obtained from batch experiments and those issued from column experiments, which could be attributed to the contribution of another sorbent phase (illite). Finally, the proposed sorption model allowed reproducing with a good confidence experimental data reported from literature for sorption of Zn (II) in dynamic conditions
Zhang, Fan. "Développement d’un dispositif expérimental original et d’un modèle prédictif pour l’étude thermodynamique des composés soufrés". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0069.
Sulfur compounds are widespread in various industrial fields. Design and/or optimization of the processes involving these compounds require accurate knowledge of thermodynamic properties of the concerned mixtures. Considering the complexity of industrial mixtures and for economical reasons, one may look to thermodynamic models with predictive features. To develop and validate these models, a minimum number of experimental data are required. Our literature review on sulfides (R-S-R'), 1-thiols (R-SH) and their possible solvents (n-alkanes and 1-alkanols) has shown a lack of data and of adapted experimental method. This observation leads to the need of developing a new experimental apparatus.In this work, we designed an innovative experimental apparatus for vapor-liquid-equilibrium measurements in the pressure range of [0.1 – 10] bar. The new apparatus is based on the “static-analytic” method. The key improvements are the two adaptations made for ROLSITM capillary samplers to achieve phase sampling in this pressure range. After validating the newly developed apparatus, new data of binary and ternary mixtures of interest were measured in order to develop a new predictive thermodynamic model focusing on sulfur compounds.The proposed predictive model is the PC-SAFT equation of state combined with a group contribution method (GC-PC-SAFT). We incorporated a polar term into PC-SAFT and investigated two representative families of sulfur compounds: sulfides and 1-thiols. The GC-PC-SAFT model proved reliable in correlating and predicting thermodynamic properties of pure compounds. Model parameters were fitted to the data found in the literature, as well as to those obtained through the new apparatus. Phase diagrams of some binary (sulfide + n-alkane, sulfide + 1-alkanol, 1-thiol + n-alkane and 1-thiol + 1-alkanol) and ternary (1-mercaptan + n-alkane + 1-alcool) mixtures were predicted
Monjo, Florian. "Contrôle prédictif des effets mécaniques de la fatigue musculaire : implication dans l'étude des modèles internes et des modes de coordination entre posture et mouvement". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET014T.
Muscle fatigue is a transient and commonly experienced phenomenon. It is mainly associated with loss of force and leads to higher effort to produce a particular force level. The increased discharge rate of the nociceptive afferents (group III and IV) during fatiguing contractions alters motor command expression and finally motor production. An issue that has never been addressed in the literature is the Central Nervous System (CNS) capacity to anticipate muscle fatigue effects in a predictive fashion. This predictive capacity will be investigated thanks to experimental paradigms involving postural predictive processes of control, namely Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs). Because numerous works show that APAs are modulated as a function of the mechanical properties of the upcoming movement, the induction of muscle fatigue at the levels of the focal muscles allowed us to appreciate the CNS capacity to predict muscle fatigue effects. We will demonstrate that this capacity is condition-dependent, i.e. it depends on the nature of the fatiguing contractions performed (voluntary vs. electro-induced) and on the level of cognitive and temporal constraints during movement preparation
Haddadi, Ahmed Zine El Abidine. "Construction d’un score prédictif du risque nosocomial pour des patients de réanimation". Thesis, Lille 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL2S039/document.
Limiting nosocomial infections is still a health challenge although the technical development has improved. They are inherent in medical care and the health care services have the highest prevalence. Indeed, whatever the service (surgical, medical or both), the patients life-giving process is under attack because of the emergence of one or several organ faillures;This generates a diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal which is often invasive.Among the consequences resulting from these infections we will take into account :i) a longer stay in hospitalii) an extra costiii) a higher mortality rateiv) bacterial resistance .If we could anticipate upstream and downstream this issue with complex origins and sometimes fatal consequences, it would be a major asset for patients and a strategic tool for medical teams.The present study is organized in three parts, and first focusses onto the identification of the nosocomial event and death risk factors in intensive care where the study took place. We took into account the the case-mix of the intensive care unit in the TIMONE University Hospital. The study was made with two different statistic methods that is logistic regression and the competitive risks method.The next step first consisted in comparing the predictive capacities of the APACHE II, LOD, SOFA and SAPS II scores in nosocomial patients hospitalized in intensive care . Then it tried to determine if the variation of the LOD, SOFA, APACHEII and SAPS II scores was a prognostic risk factor.Results showed that the best predictive performance was objectively measured by the SOFA and that only the variation of this score between the first day in hospital and the day of the diagnosis of a nosocomial infection, calculated thanks to the AUC, could be predictive of a nosocomal risk. After these steps, and with the results calculated , the construction of a predictive score could be established thanks to the logistic regression method. The objective of this score is to help, or even influence the prescribing doctors when they take decisions or when they try to adjust their therapeutic practices
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Modèles prédictif":
Jedrzejewski, Franck. "Prédiction et filtrage". In Modèles aléatoires et physique probabiliste, 355–66. Paris: Springer Paris, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-99308-4_17.
Defert, S., S. Bendifallah, V. Lavoué, N. Maurin, J. Chopier, M. Antoine, S. Lorand et al. "Application d’un modèle prédictif de malignité en cas d’hyperplasie canalaire atypique diagnostiquée par une macrobiopsie : étude de validation". In Cancer du sein : surdiagnostic, surtraitement, 343–44. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0249-7_101.
MARTIN, Madge, Claire MORIN e Stéphane AVRIL. "Mécanorégulation dans les tissus mous : application aux calcifications artérielles". In Mécanique des tissus vivants, 243–87. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9160.ch8.
Sauvageot, François. "Chapitre 3. Au-delà du réel : modélisation et prédiction". In Les modèles, possibilités et limites, 53. Editions Matériologiques, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/edmat.levy.2014.01.0053.
"Modèles explicatifs, modèles prédictifs : pour une interaction effective entre linguistique et cognition". In Temps, aspect et modalité en français, 25–43. Brill | Rodopi, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789042030275_003.
ATTO, Abdourrahmane M., Aluísio PINHEIRO, Guillaume GINOLHAC e Pedro MORETTIN. "Analyse d’ordre fractionnaire et prédiction de trajectoire de cyclones". In Détection de changements et analyse des séries temporelles d’images 1, 159–82. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9056.ch6.
Cestac, Julien, e Thierry Meyer. "Des attitudes à la prédiction du comportement : le modèle du comportement planifié". In La psychologie sociale : applicabilité et applications, 55–86. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.60722.
Pétrequin, Pierre, e Olivier Weller. "12. L’exploitation préhistorique des sources salées dans le Jura français. Application et critiques d’un modèle prédictif". In Sel, eau, forêt. D’hier à aujourd’hui, 255–79. Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pufc.25652.