Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Modèle STICS"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Modèle STICS":
1
Bassy, Alain-Marie. "Économie du numérique : l’introuvable modèle". Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Éducation et la Formation 19, n. 1 (2012): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.2012.1032.
2
Leman, Stéphane, Pierre Marcenac e Sylvain Giroux. "Un modèle multi-agents de l'apprenant". Sciences et techniques éducatives 3, n. 4 (1996): 465–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.1996.1318.
3
P, Nandhini, Sathanika M, Sarulatha J, Vignesh M e Yougan Bhalaji S Rx. "Comparative Study of Third Eye for Visually Challenged with Alternate Solution". March 2023 5, n. 1 (marzo 2023): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jucct.2023.1.007.
Abstract (sommario):
Deficiency that cannot be reformed in the eye is the blindness. This research aims to investigate the potential benefits and limitations of incorporating electronic sensors and assistive technologies into traditional blind sticks to create a smart blind stick. A smart blind stick is a wearable device that provides additional functionality and features to help visually impaired individuals navigate their surroundings more safely and independently. A smart stick is planned with impediment identification module and object detection. A stick is made in a way that it can sense obstacles and staircases by using sensors. It also intimates the presence of water and manhole. Global Positioning System (GPS) is used to locate the visually impaired person as it is incorporated in the stick used. Global system for Mobile Communication (GSM) is also used. Status of the blind person will be notified to the guardian with the image and location. Overall, this research contributes to the development and improvement of assistive technologies for visually impaired individuals and provide insights for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers on how to better support individuals with visual impairments.
4
Goonatilleke, M. A. S. T., e B. Hettige. "ThamRobot: An Automated Robotic System to Play Thammattama". International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research 10, n. 11 (novembre 2021): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijcatr1011.1004.
Abstract (sommario):
Sri Lanka has a precious traditional drum music culture that is mainly based on traditional drums. At present, this drum culture is in decline due to a lack of talented drum players. As a result, many Buddhist temples are facing a serious and tragic problem. This article presents the design and implementation of a robotic system named ThamRobot contains two robotic arms that were designed to play pre-programmed three drum tunes of the Thammattama correctly and efficiently like a drum player without any intervention of a human. In the research, nine major characteristics factors of the Thammattama such as music notes, drum locations, approximate stress, frequencies, pitch, drum type, number of sticks, playing technique, distance from stick to drum face were identified. The entire system is comprised of four main modules named motion module, user-operation module, processing module, power supply module. Finally, the system has been tested in a laboratory environment and encouraging results were obtained.
5
Moulin, Claude. "Un modèle multiagent pour l'adaptation dynamique d'un système tutoriel." Sciences et techniques éducatives 6, n. 2 (1999): 319–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.1999.1428.
6
Dufresne, Aude, Josianne Basque, Gilbert Paquette, Michel Leonard, Karin Lundgren-Cayrol e Sandrine Prom Tep. "Vers un modèle générique d’assistance aux acteurs du téléapprentissage". Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Éducation et la Formation 10, n. 1 (2003): 57–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.2003.857.
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Tchounikine, Pierre. "Elaboration d'un modèle de raisonnement par prototypage à un niveau connaissance". Sciences et techniques éducatives 1, n. 4 (1994): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.1994.1172.
8
Impedovo, Maria-Antonietta, e Colette Andreucci. "Co-élaboration de connaissances nouvelles : du modèle théorique à ses outils technologiques". Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Éducation et la Formation 23, n. 2 (2016): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.2016.1702.
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Benabbou, Azzeddine, Domitile Lourdeaux e Dominique Lenne. "Un modèle de génération de dilemmes de prohibition et d'obligation en environnement virtuel". Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Éducation et la Formation 25, n. 1 (2018): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.2018.1754.
10
Nkambou, Roger, Gilles Gauthier e Claude Frasson. "Un modèle de représentation des connaissances relatives au contenu dans un système tutoriel intelligent". Sciences et techniques éducatives 4, n. 3 (1997): 299–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.1997.1350.
Tesi sul tema "Modèle STICS":
1
Tremblay, Marie. "Estimation des paramètres des modèles de culture : application au modèle STICS Tournesol". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30020.
2
Guillaume, Solenne. "Adaptation d'un modèle de culture et conception d'un modèle de décision pour la gestion conjointe de l'irrigation et de la fertilisation azotée du blé dur". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0027/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Les changements de contexte économique, réglementaire et environnementaux auxquels la production agricole doit faire face nécessitent d'évaluer de nouvelles stratégies de gestion conjointe de l'irrigation et de la fertilisation pour blé dur. Le travail de thèse a suivi un double objectif : i) adapter le modèle de culture STICS à différents cultivars de blé dur, et ii) concevoir un modèle de décision des pratiques de fertilisation azotée et d'irrigation. Une base de données comportant 373 traitements expérimentaux issus de douze années climatiques a été constituée à partir d'expérimentations réalisées avant la thèse à l'INRA et ARVALIS puis mobilisée pour conduire le travail d'adaptation et d'évaluation du modèle de culture. L'adaptation du modèle de culture a consisté dans un premier temps en un travail d'estimation de paramètres par optimisation mathématique pour sept cultivars de blé dur. Une analyse comparative de trois démarches a permis de sélectionner la démarche pertinente pour obtenir un modèle précis et robuste pour la simulation du rendement, de la teneur en azote des grains et des variables intermédiaires (Biomasse aérienne, surface foliaire, quantité d'azote absorbée) dans différents contextes pédo-climatiques (large gamme de niveaux de nutrition hydrique et azotée). Cette étude fournit un cadre méthodologique pour l'estimation des paramètres des modèles de culture. Les résultats de ce travail ont de plus démontré que le modèle de culture, avec son formalisme initial, n'était pas sensible à l'effet du fractionnement de la fertilisation sur la quantité d'azote et la teneur en azote des grains. L'adaptation est appréhendée dans un deuxième temps par la modification du formalisme d'accumulation de l'azote dans les grains par l'introduction d'un formalisme inspiré du modèle AZODYN. La modification n'a pas amélioré suffisamment la sensibilité du modèle à l'effet du fractionnement sur la teneur en azote des grains. Le manque de données expérimentales en phase post-floraison et notamment la dynamique de la sénescence foliaire n'a pas permis d'améliorer la capacité du modèle de culture à simuler les processus d'absorption d'azote du sol après la floraison. A partir d'une enquête auprès de 29 irrigants de blé dur, les pratiques et les stratégies de fertilisation azotée et d'irrigation, ainsi que les décisions stratégiques et tactiques ont été identifiées et formalisées dans un modèle de décision. Une évaluation de stratégies conçues sur la base des résultats d'enquêtes est proposée comme illustration de l'utilisation du modèle STICS adapté au blé dur et du modèle de décision formalisé. Le couplage informatique du modèle de culture STICS au modèle de décision permettra de disposer d'un modèle bio-décisionnel et ainsi pourra être utilisé pour concevoir et évaluer des stratégies de gestion conjointe de l'irrigation et de la fertilisation azotée du blé dur adaptées au contexte des exploitations agricolesChanges in economic, regulatory and environmental context of agricultural production raise the need for research to evaluate and propose new strategies for joint management of irrigation and fertilization for durum wheat. The thesis had two objectives: i) adapting the simulation crop model STICS to different durum wheat cultivars, and ii) designing a decision model for nitrogen fertilization and irrigation practices. A database containing 373 experimental treatments carried out by INRA and ARVALIS before this PhD work was established and mobilized to conduct the adaptation and the evaluation of crop model. The adaptation of the crop model was first conducted through durum wheat parameter estimation by mathematical optimization. A comparative analysis of three approaches was conducted to select an appropriate approach to obtain an accurate and robust crop model for the simulation of grain yield, grain nitrogen content and intermediate variables (biomass, leaf area, amount of nitrogen absorbed) in different soil and climatic conditions. This study provided a methodological framework for crop models parameters estimation. The results of this study showed that the crop model, with its original formalism, was not sensitive to the effect of splitting of fertilization on the grain nitrogen content and protein concentration. The adaptation was then conducted through the modification of the formalism of nitrogen accumulation in grains by introducing a formalism inspired the AZODYN crop model. The modification did not significantly improve the model's sensitivity to the effect of N splitting on the nitrogen content of grain. The results of this study call into question the ability of crop model to simulate the absorption process of nitrogen after flowering. Unfortunately the lack of data concerning post-flowering leaf area dynmaics did not allow improving the model. From a survey of 29 irrigators, practices and strategies of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation, as well as strategic and tactical decisions have been identified and formalized in a decision model. An evaluation of strategies based on survey results is given as an illustration of the potential use of the STICS soil-crop model and the decision rules identified and formalised. The coupling of the crop model to the model decision will allow proposing and evaluating strategies adapted to the farm context for joint management of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization of durum wheat
3
Garcia, de Cortazar Atauri Iñaki. "Adaptation du modèle STICS à la vigne (Vitis vinifera L. ) : utilisation dans le cadre d'une étude d'impact du changement climatique à l'échelle de la France". Montpellier, ENSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSA0030.
Abstract (sommario):
Les modèles de cultures, qui se sont développés depuis une trentaine d’années, offrent un cadre conceptuel pour étudier les interactions dynamiques entre la plante, le sol, le climat et les techniques culturales à l’échelle parcellaire. Le travail a eu comme objectif d'adapter un modèle générique de cultures, le modèle STICS, à la vigne à l'échelle des grands vignobles de France pour ensuite l'appliquer à une étude d'impact du changement climatique à la même échelle. Pour réaliser ce travail, un important réseau de collaborations avec différents organismes de recherche, techniques et professionnels a été mis en place dans les régions de Côtes du Rhône, Languedoc, Bordeaux, Cognac, Bourgogne, Anjou et Champagne. Deux bases des données ont été créées à partir de ces collaborations : une base de données écophysiologiques regroupant les données d'expérimentations menées pendant deux ans dans les différents vignobles, et une base de données historiques constituée à partir de données d'expérimentations anciennes. Pour l'adaptation du modèle, nous avons mis en place une méthodologie consistant dans un premier temps à faire l'analyse des différents formalismes existants et à en proposer de nouveaux susceptibles d'améliorer la description du fonctionnement de la vigne; dans un deuxième temps, nous avons réalisé le paramétrage du modèle à partir de la base de données écophysiologiques et de la bibliographie. Enfin, nous avons évalué le modèle sur la base de données historiques. Les résultats obtenus s'avèrent satisfaisants, en particulier pour que le modèle serve d'outil de prospective dans le cadre d'études d'impact. De plus, la robustesse du modèle ainsi adapté à la vigne permet de l'utiliser à l'échelle de la France. L'étude d'impact du changement climatique à l'échelle de l'ensemble du vignoble français a été réalisée à partir de l'utilisation conjointe du modèle STICS et des données climatiques simulées par le modèle ARPEGE-Climat (Météo-France). Pour étudier ces impacts, nous avons défini des structures de plantation et des techniques traditionnelles pour chaque région. Les principaux résultats montrent une importante modification de la phénologie, ainsi qu'une augmentation de la biomasse végétative et du rendement (sauf dans les vignobles de Côtes du Rhône et Languedoc pour lesquels on observe une diminution), une augmentation du stress hydrique à la fin du cycle et une importante modification des conditions climatiques de la période véraison-récolte. Suite à ces résultats, nous avons proposé différentes combinaisons techniques afin d'adapter la conduite de la vigne aux modifications du climat. Il en résulte de propositions de stratégies d'adaptation pour chacune des régions.
4
Zaka, Serge. "Caractérisation et modélisation des réponses à la température de la luzerne et de la fétuque élevée pour des variétés d'origines contrastées. Application au modèle STICS". Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2262/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Le changement climatique entraîne un changement profond des régimes thermiques qui a des conséquences importantes sur la croissance des plantes. Toutefois, les effets des températures extrêmes ont été peu étudiés chez espèces fourragères pérennes, et ne sont pas intégrés dans les modèles actuels de prairie. Or ces modèles ont un rôle central à jouer dans le développement de stratégies d'adaptation au changement climatique. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse a cherché à approfondir la compréhension de la réponse de la luzerne et de la fétuque élevée à une large gamme de températures et à améliorer la prise en compte de ces réponses dans le modèle STICS. Un volet de travail expérimental en conditions contrôlées n'a pas permis de mettre en évidence de différences de réponses entre génotypes d'origine contrastées (tempéré/Méditerranéen) pour différents processus de croissance et de développement des deux espèces. En revanche, il est apparu des différences significatives entre les réponses normalisées de différents processus ; l'allongement des tiges en particulier se distinguant nettement des autres processus chez la luzerne. La réponse de la photosynthèse à la température a montré une forte acclimatation à la température de croissance, aussi bien pour des génotypes d'origine tempérée que méditerranéenne. Ces derniers sont apparus plus sensibles aux températures élevées du fait d'une désactivation de la RUBISCO. La modification des formalismes de réponse à la température de la croissance et du développement dans STICS (fonction non linéaire, pas de temps) a eu un fort impact sur le cumul de temps thermique pour des scénarios climatiques « futurs ». Toutefois, du fait de l'effet majoritaire d'autres stress conjoints durant les périodes de stress thermique et d'une rapide saturation du rayonnement intercepté, l'impact sur les projections de production fourragère s'est avéré limité pour les conditions testées. Au total ces résultats suggèrent que les productions fourragères pourraient être moins exposées au stress thermique que les cultures annuellesDue to climate change, the global average temperature is expected to rise with marked impacts on crop growth. However, extreme temperature's impacts on perennial herbaceous species have received much less attention to date than other crops and aren’t currently implemented in grassland models. Yet, grassland models have a major role to play in defining adaptation options to global warming’s impacts on agriculture. In this context, our aims were to characterise the responses to temperature of two major perennial forage species over a large range of growth temperature and to improve the temperature response formalisms in the STICS model. First, experiment conducted in growth chambers indicated that the responses of normalized developmental rates did not differ between genotypes from contrasting thermal areas (Mediterranean/temperate) within each species. On the other hand, the responses to temperature of normalised rates differed significantly between several of the physiological processes studied; in particular stem elongation rate differed from other developmental rates in alfalfa. Irrespective of cultivar origin, a remarkable acclimation of photosynthesis to growth temperature was observed. Mediterranean genotypes displayed a greater sensitivity of the maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylation to elevated temperatures. Modifications of temperature formalism in the STICS crop model (implementation of nonlinear response, hourly/daily step of response) had a significant impact on thermal time accumulation and crop development for future climate scenarios. However, due to larger effects of water stress and to saturation of radiation interception, impacts on projections of grassland dry matter production were limited. This result suggests that grassland production could be less exposed to thermal stress than annual crops
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Varella, Hubert Vincent. "Inversion d’un modèle de culture pour estimer spatialement les propriétés des sols et améliorer la prédiction de variables agro-environnementales". Thesis, Avignon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AVIG0638/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Les modèles de culture constituent des outils indispensables pour comprendre l’influence des conditions agropédoclimatiques sur le système sol-plante à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles. A l’échelle locale de la parcelle agricole, le modèle peut être utilisé dans le cadre de l’agriculture de précision pour optimiser les pratiques de fertilisation azotée de façon à maximiser le rendement ou le revenu tout en minimisant le lessivage des nitrates vers la nappe. Cependant, la pertinence de l’utilisation du modèle repose sur la qualité des prédictions réalisées, basée entre autres sur une bonne détermination des paramètres d’entrée du modèle. Dans le cadre de l’agriculture de précision, les paramètres concernant les propriétés des sols sont les plus délicates à connaître en tout point de la parcelle et il existe très peu de cartes de sols permettant de les déterminer de manière précise. Néanmoins, dans ce contexte, on peut disposer d’observations acquises automatiquement sur l’état du système sol-plante, telles que des images de télédétection, les cartes de rendement ou les mesures de résistivité électrique du sol. Il existe alors une alternative intéressante pour estimer les propriétés des sols à l’échelle de la parcelle qui consiste à inverser le modèle de culture à partir de ces observations pour retrouver les valeurs des propriétés des sols. L’objectif de cette thèse consiste (i) dans un premier temps à analyser les performances d’estimation des propriétés des sols par inversion du modèle STICS à partir de différents jeux d’observations sur des cultures de blé et de betterave sucrière, en mettant en oeuvre une méthode bayésienne de type Importance Sampling, (ii) dans un second temps à mesurer l’amélioration des prédictions de variables agro-environnementales réalisées par le modèle à partir des valeurs estimées des paramètres. Nous montrons que l’analyse de sensibilité globale permet de quantifier la quantité d’information contenue dans les jeux d’observations et les performances réalisées en matière d’estimation des paramètres. Ce sont les propriétés liées au fonctionnement hydrique du sol (humidité à la capacité au champ, profondeur de sol, conditions initiales) qui bénéficient globalement de la meilleure performance d’estimation par inversion. La performance d’estimation, évaluée par comparaison avec l’estimation fournie par l’information a priori, dépend fortement du jeu d’observation et est significativement améliorée lorsque les observations sont faites sur une culture de betterave, les conditions climatiques sont sèches ou la profondeur de sol est faible. Les prédictions agro-environnementales, notamment la quantité et la qualité du rendement, peuvent être grandement améliorées lorsque les propriétés du sol sont estimées par inversion, car les variables prédites par le modèle sont également sensibles aux propriétés liées à l’état hydrique du sol. Pour finir, nous montrons dans un travail exploratoire que la prise en compte d’une information sur la structure spatiale des propriétés du sol fournie par les mesures de résistivité électrique, peut permettre d’améliorer l’estimation spatialisée des propriétés du sol. Les observations acquises automatiquement sur le couvert végétal et la résistivité électrique du sol se révèlent être pertinentes pour estimer les propriétés du sol par inversion du modèle et améliorer les prédictions des variables agro-environnementales sur lesquelles reposent les règles de choix des pratiques agricolesDynamic crop models are very useful to predict the behavior of crops in their environment and are widely used in a lot of agro-environmental work. These models have many parameters and their spatial application require a good knowledge of these parameters,especially of the soil parameters. These parameters can be estimated from soil analysis at different points but this is very costly and requires a lot of experimental work. Nevertheless,observations on crops provided by new techniques like remote sensing or yield monitoring, is a possibility for estimating soil parameters through the inversion of crop models. In my work, the STICS crop model is studied for the wheat and the sugar beet and it includes more than 200 parameters. After a previous work based on a large experimental database for calibrate parameters related to the characteristics of the crop, I started my study with a global sensitivity analysis of the observed variables (leaf area index LAI and absorbed nitrogen QN provided by remote sensing data, and yield at harvest provided by yield monitoring) to the soil parameters, in order to determine which of them have to be estimated. This study was made in different climatic and agronomic conditions and it reveals that 7 soil parameters (4 related to the water and 3 related to the nitrogen) have a clearly influence on the variance of the observed variables and have to be therefore estimated. For estimating these 7 soil parameters, I chose a Bayesian data assimilation method (because I have prior information on these parameters) named Importance Sampling by using observations, on wheat and sugar beet crop, of LAI and QN at various dates and yield at harvest acquired on different climatic and agronomic conditions. The quality of parameter estimation is then determined by comparing the result of parameter estimation with only prio rinformation and the result with the posterior information provided by the Bayesian data assimilation method. The result of the parameter estimation show that the whole set of parameter has a better quality of estimation when observations on sugar beet are assimilated. At the same time, global sensitivity analysis of the observed variables to the 7 soil parameters have been performed, allowing me to build a criterion based on sensitivity indices (provided by the global sensitivity analysis) able to rank the parameters with respect to their quality of estimate. This criterion constitutes an interesting tool for determining which parameters it is possible to estimate to reduce probably the uncertainties on the predictions. The prediction of the crop behaviour when estimating the soil parameters is then studied. Indeed, the quality of prediction of agro-environmental variables of the STICS crop model (yield, protein of the grain and nitrogen balance at harvest) is determined by comparing the result of the prediction using the prior information on the parameters and the result using the posterior information. As for the estimation of soil parameters, the prediction of the variable is made on different climatic and agronomic conditions. According to the result of parameter estimation, assimilating observations on sugar beet lead to a better quality ofprediction of the variables than observations on wheat. It was also shown that the number ofcrop seasons observed and the number of observations improve the quality of the prediction
6
Varella, Hubert-Vincent. "Inversion d'un modèle de culture pour estimer spatialement les propriétés des sols et améliorer la prédiction de variables agro-environnementales". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626100.
Abstract (sommario):
Les modèles de culture constituent des outils indispensables pour comprendre l'influence des conditions agropédoclimatiques sur le système sol-plante à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles. A l'échelle locale de la parcelle agricole, le modèle peut être utilisé dans le cadre de l'agriculture de précision pour optimiser les pratiques de fertilisation azotée de façon à maximiser le rendement ou le revenu tout en minimisant le lessivage des nitrates vers la nappe. Cependant, la pertinence de l'utilisation du modèle repose sur la qualité des prédictions réalisées, basée entre autres sur une bonne détermination des paramètres d'entrée du modèle. Dans le cadre de l'agriculture de précision, les paramètres concernant les propriétés des sols sont les plus délicates à connaître en tout point de la parcelle et il existe très peu de cartes de sols permettant de les déterminer de manière précise. Néanmoins, dans ce contexte, on peut disposer d'observations acquises automatiquement sur l'état du système sol-plante, telles que des images de télédétection, les cartes de rendement ou les mesures de résistivité électrique du sol. Il existe alors une alternative intéressante pour estimer les propriétés des sols à l'échelle de la parcelle qui consiste à inverser le modèle de culture à partir de ces observations pour retrouver les valeurs des propriétés des sols. L'objectif de cette thèse consiste (i) dans un premier temps à analyser les performances d'estimation des propriétés des sols par inversion du modèle STICS à partir de différents jeux d'observations sur des cultures de blé et de betterave sucrière, en mettant en oeuvre une méthode bayésienne de type Importance Sampling, (ii) dans un second temps à mesurer l'amélioration des prédictions de variables agro-environnementales réalisées par le modèle à partir des valeurs estimées des paramètres. Nous montrons que l'analyse de sensibilité globale permet de quantifier la quantité d'information contenue dans les jeux d'observations et les performances réalisées en matière d'estimation des paramètres. Ce sont les propriétés liées au fonctionnement hydrique du sol (humidité à la capacité au champ, profondeur de sol, conditions initiales) qui bénéficient globalement de la meilleure performance d'estimation par inversion. La performance d'estimation, évaluée par comparaison avec l'estimation fournie par l'information a priori, dépend fortement du jeu d'observation et est significativement améliorée lorsque les observations sont faites sur une culture de betterave, les conditions climatiques sont sèches ou la profondeur de sol est faible. Les prédictions agro-environnementales, notamment la quantité et la qualité du rendement, peuvent être grandement améliorées lorsque les propriétés du sol sont estimées par inversion, car les variables prédites par le modèle sont également sensibles aux propriétés liées à l'état hydrique du sol. Pour finir, nous montrons dans un travail exploratoire que la prise en compte d'une information sur la structure spatiale des propriétés du sol fournie par les mesures de résistivité électrique, peut permettre d'améliorer l'estimation spatialisée des propriétés du sol. Les observations acquises automatiquement sur le couvert végétal et la résistivité électrique du sol se révèlent être pertinentes pour estimer les propriétés du sol par inversion du modèle et améliorer les prédictions des variables agro-environnementales sur lesquelles reposent les règles de choix des pratiques agricoles
7
Cadel, Maëlys. "Relations entre production agricole, services écosystémiques et impacts liés au fonctionnement du sol : Quels effets de systèmes de culture plus autonomes en azote en contexte de changement climatique ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ORLE1076.
Abstract (sommario):
Les sols agricoles contribuent à fournir de nombreux services écosystémiques (SE) aux agriculteurs et à la société. Stockage et restitution d'eau verte et bleue, fourniture de nutriments, régulation de la qualité de l'eau, séquestration du carbone, etc. Or, la majeure partie des écosystèmes agricoles est encore cultivée de manière intensive via l'utilisation d'intrants de synthèse, sans réelle considération des effets négatifs de ces pratiques sur l'environnement et sur la capacité des sols à fournir ces SE. Un des enjeux de la transition agroécologique est de parvenir à concevoir des systèmes de production plus durables, qui limitent l'utilisation des intrants de synthèse, en favorisant notamment une agriculture basée sur la biodiversité et les SE supports de la production. Cela nécessite d'approfondir nos connaissances sur les interactions spatio-temporelles qui existent entre pratiques agricoles, production agricole, SE et impacts environnementaux. Ce manuscrit présente une synthèse des travaux de recherche réalisés dans le cadre d'un partenariat INRAE - ANDRA et qui avait pour but de répondre, du moins en partie, à cet enjeu. Ils furent structurés en deux grandes phases. La première consistait en une revue systématique de la littérature sur les relations qui existent entre la production agricole, les SE et les impacts liés au fonctionnement du sol, dans les systèmes de grandes cultures en climat tempéré. Afin de pouvoir comparer et synthétiser les résultats des 40 études sélectionnées, nous avons développé une nouvelle ontologie des SE et des impacts liés au fonctionnement du sol. Cette revue a permis de mettre en évidence que les relations entre la production de biomasse et les autres SE et impacts étaient majoritairement non significatives, confirmant qu'il n'y a pas d'antagonisme systématique entre production agricole et SE de régulation. Elle a également permis d'identifier des relations qui n'ont pas été étudiées dans les études synthétisées, comme celles entre la séquestration du C et la régulation de la qualité physique du sol ou le maintien de sa biodiversité. En outre, une analyse des effets des déterminants de ces services a révélé que les trois piliers de l'agriculture de conservation et la fertilisation organique semblent être des pratiques prometteuses pour promouvoir l'expression de bouquets équilibrés de SE. La seconde phase a été basée sur la modélisation et simulation de systèmes de culture actuels et agro-écologiques au sein du territoire de l'Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement de l'ANDRA. Elle avait comme objectifs d'évaluer les effets de systèmes visant une plus grande autonomie en azote et une atténuation du changement climatique sur les relations temporelles qui existent entre la production agricole, 5 SE et 3 impacts environnementaux liés au fonctionnement du sol. Ces systèmes de culture ont été conçus en mobilisant trois leviers agronomiques : a) les couverts intermédiaires avec légumineuse (trèfle incarnat), b) les légumineuses à grain (pois) et c) les légumineuses fourragères (luzerne). Pour évaluer les performances de ces systèmes, nous avons mobilisé le modèle de culture STICS, qui simule le fonctionnement du système sol-plante au pas de temps journalier. Cette analyse a été réalisée sur deux périodes de 20 ans : une première simulation en climat passé récent (2000-2021), et une seconde simulation, sous projection climatique RCP 8.5 (2036-2057). Si la plupart des relations temporelles analysées ressortent non significatives, il apparait que la mise en place de couverts intermédiaires longs dans la rotation permet de fournir les plus hauts niveaux de séquestration de carbone et de fourniture en azote minéral et parmi les plus bas niveaux de lixiviation d'azoteAgricultural soils provide many ecosystem services (ES) to farmers and Society such as green and blue water provision, nutrient provision to crops, water quality regulation, carbon sequestration etc. However, most cropping systems are still intensively managed, based on chemical inputs, with little to no consideration of the possible effects of such practices on the environment and the ability of soils to provide these ES. One issue of agroecological transition is to design more sustainable production systems, with limited use of chemical inputs, that provide and benefit from biodiversity and the ES support of agricultural production. We thus need to improve our knowledge on the spatio-temporal relationships that may exist between management practices, agricultural production, ES and environmental impacts. This manuscript synthesizes the results of a three years INRAE-ANDRA collaboration that aimed at providing key information on soil-crop functioning while facing this challenge. This work was structured into two parts. We first conducted a systematic literature review of the relationships between agricultural production, the ES and the impacts linked to soil functioning, within temperate annual production systems. In order to be able to compare the results of the 40 studies selected, we developed a new ontology of soil-based ES and impacts. This review evidenced mainly non-significant relationships between Biomass production and the ES and impacts investigated suggesting that there is no systematic trade-off between agricultural production and regulating ES. We also identified key relationships that have never been investigated in the studies selected as those between C sequestration and Physical soil quality regulation or Soil biodiversity. Also, an analysis of the effects of drivers of these ES revealed that the three pillars of conservation agriculture, as well as organic fertilization, seem promising practices to provide balanced bundles of ES. We then performed simulation analyses of actual and agroecological cropping systems of the French long-term Environmental Observatory of ANDRA. The objectives were to assess the effects of more N self-sufficient cropping systems, with a climate change mitigation purpose, on the temporal relationships between agricultural production, 5 ES and 3 impacts linked to soil functioning. These cropping systems were designed by implementing three agroecological management practices: a) long cover crops with legume (crimson clover), b) grain legumes (pea) and c) fodder legumes (alfalfa). To assess the performances of these systems, we used the STICS model, that simulates the functioning of the soil-crop system at a daily time-step. Simulations were run over two 20-years time periods: a first one for recent past climate (2000-2021) and a second one for future climate projection using RCP 8.5 (2036-2057). If most of the temporal relationships analysed were non-significant, results highlighted that the use of long cover crops in the rotation provided the highest values of N provision to crops and C sequestration and the lowest values of NO3 lixiviation
8
Zanolin, Anne. "Irrigation de précision en Petite Beauce : mesures au champ et modélisation stochastique spatialisée du fonctionnement hydrique et agronomique d'une parcelle de mai͏̈s". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066344.
9
Williams, Bonita. "An explorative study of the experiences and the reasons why health workers report a needle stick injury". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Abstract (sommario):
The aim of the study was to explore the reasons why health workers reported their occupationally acquired needle stick injury. The secondary reasons for this study was to be able to identify the factors that contributed to the choice to report as well as the feelings health workers experienced during and after the injury.
10
Souza, Katiane Gelly Dantas Assis de. "A evolu??o do turismo no Serid?: uma an?lise ? luz do modelo de Butler". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19982.
Abstract (sommario):
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
O Turismo configura-se como uma atividade que apresenta constante movimento podendo impulsionar o desenvolvimento local nas esferas econ?mica, sociocultural e humana em localidades com potencial e estrutura??o para tal. Por ser uma atividade din?mica, o turismo permite mudan?as em seu fluxo, ampliando os per?odos de sazonalidade. Para tanto, tendo em vista a dinamicidade citada, torna-se relevante a presen?a do planejamento tur?stico, inicialmente partindo do poder p?blico para que este crie leis e elabore normas e projetos para a gest?o da atividade de forma ordenada, visando a participa??o cidad?, tornando imprescind?vel a presen?a dos atores e agentes do turismo local no processo, ampliando a democracia e o conhecimento de seu lugar de origem. Neste cen?rio, o Minist?rio do Turismo desponta com o Plano Nacional de turismo que incorpora entre suas a??es o Programa de Regionaliza??o do Turismo, adotando um modelo de gest?o regional local, de forma participativa, atrav?s das inst?ncias de governan?a institu?das nos polos, sendo as a??es da pol?tica p?blica em suas diferentes inst?ncias os maiores respons?veis pelo fomento do turismo no polo Serid?. O presente trabalho cient?fico se prop?e a analisar o polo Serid?, sob a teoria do Ciclo de Vida de ?reas Tur?sticas (TALC) proposta por BUTLER (1980), localizando as a??es voltadas para o turismo e a cronologia da atividade aplicada ? localidade no processo proposto. Para tanto a metodologia utilizada foi a descritivo-explorat?ria, de abordagem qualitativa, de n?vel hist?rico e narrativo, de amostragem n?o-probabil?stica, utilizando fontes secund?rias, atrav?s de documentos e demais registros ocorridos durante os processos de planejamento na regi?o, assim como fontes prim?rias, atrav?s de entrevista estruturada aplicada ? gestora p?blica do PNMT e PRT no Estado do RN, no intuito de ter acesso ?s informa??es relacionadas ao processo de planejamento da atividade tur?stica no Serid?. Utilizou-se como forma de investiga??o dos dados coletados a t?cnica de an?lise do conte?do. Como conclus?o deste estudo observa-se que a partir do levantamento feito em rela??o ao hist?rico do turismo na regi?o que as atividades econ?micas da pecu?ria, cotonicultura, minera??o e ind?stria ceramista foram respons?veis pela inicia??o do turismo na localidade atrav?s do fluxo direcionado ?s mesmas, da inser??o dos primeiros hot?is e da realiza??o de eventos tradicionais, dando margem ? demanda por pol?ticas p?blicas que auxiliassem no direcionamento da atividade estando por isso, inserida na fase de envolvimento, segunda fase do modelo proposto por Buttler (1980), sendo o estudo finalizado com sugest?es para a continuidade da atividade tur?stica na regi?o.
Tourism is configured as an activity that presents constant movement could boost local development in the economic, sociocultural and human in locations with potential for structuring and such. Because it is a dynamic activity, tourism allows changes in its flow, extending the periods of seasonality. To this end, in view of the aforementioned dynamics, it becomes relevant to the presence of tourism planning, initially starting from the government so that it create laws and standards and develop projects for the management of activities in an orderly way, seeking citizen participation, making essential the presence of actors and agents in local tourism, expanding democracy and knowledge of their place of origin. In this scenario, the Ministry of Tourism is emerging with the National Tourism Plan which incorporates among its actions, the Regionalization Program Guide, adopting a model of regional local management, a participatory manner, through the bodies of governance imposed at the poles, and the shares of public policy in their various departments most responsible for promoting tourism in pole Serid?. This scientific work aims to analyze the pole Serid?, under the theory of tourism area life cycle (TALC) proposed by BUTLER (1980), locating actions for tourism and chronology of the locality applied the proposed process activity. For both the methodology is descriptive and exploratory, qualitative approach, historical, descriptive and narrative level, non-probability sampling, using secondary sources, through documents and other records occurred during the planning processes in the region, in order to have access to information related to the planning process of tourism in Serid?, using as a way to research the data collected the technique of content analysis. As a conclusion of this study it is observed that from the survey in relation to the history of tourism in the region, economic activities of livestock, cotton industry, mining and ceramics industry were responsible for the initiation of tourism in the locality through the flow directed to the same, the insertion of the first hotels and performing traditional events, giving rise to the demand for public policies that aided in directing the activity being, therefore, inserted into the engagement phase, the second phase proposed by BUTLER (1980) model, and the study was terminated with suggestions for the continuation of tourism in the region.
Libri sul tema "Modèle STICS":
1
Bucher, Tim. Stick and tissue modeler's album: Construction projects for free flight aeromodelers. Quartz Hill, Calif: Meteor Pub., 1998.
2
Lazaridēs, Pantelēs G. Synkritikē analysē tēs zētēsēs stēn Hellada kai stis loipes chōres melē tēs E.O.K. Athēna: Agrotikē Trapeza tēs Hellados., 1995.
3
Castonguay, Julie. Benchmarking carrots and sticks: Developing a model for the evaluation of work-based employment programs. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2009.
4
Eumolpidēs, V. Programmatismos tōn metaphorōn gia tēn diathesē tōn nōpōn agrotikōn proiontōn stis agores tēs Dytikēs Eurōpēs: Telikē ekthesē, Noemvrios 1985. Athēna: Agrotikē Trapeza tēs Hellados, Dieuthynsē Meletōn kai Programmatismou, 1986.
5
NCCER. Construction, Maintenance and Repair - Hot Stick: Module 81303-12. Pearson Education, Limited, 2012.
6
Sélection: 64 cross-stich designs - 64 modèles point de croix. Édition Mango Pratique, 2003.
7
Jeffares, Ben, e Kim Sterelny. Evolutionary Psychology. A cura di Eric Margolis, Richard Samuels e Stephen P. Stich. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195309799.013.0020.
Abstract (sommario):
The article presents several models of evolutionary psychology. Nativist evolutionary psychology is built around a most important insight that ordinary human decision-making has a high cognitive load. Evolutionary nativists defend a modular solution to the problem of information load on human decision-making. Human minds comprises of special purpose cognitive devices or modules. One of the modules is a language module, a module for interpreting the thoughts and intentions of others, another is a ‘naive physics’ module for causal reasoning about sticks, stones, and similar inanimate objects, a natural history module for ecological decisions, and a social exchange module for monitoring economic interactions with peers. These modules evolved in response to the distinctive, independent, and recurring problems faced by the ancestors. Domain specific modules handle information about human language, human minds, inanimate causal interactions, the biological world, and other constant adaptive demands faced by human ancestors. Nativist evolutionary psychologists have turned to moral decision making, arguing that cross-cultural moral judgments are invariant in an unexpected way. Natural selection can build and equip a special purpose module only if the information an agent needs to know is stable over evolutionary time. Automatized skills are an alternative means of coping with high-load problems. These skills are phenomenologically rather like modules, but they have very different developmental and evolutionary histories.
8
Reydams-Schils, Gretchen. The Stoics. A cura di Daniel S. Richter e William A. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199837472.013.38.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter develops the contrast between Musonius Rufus and Dio of Prusa in their mode of self-representation. The later Stoics Seneca, Musonius Rufus, and Epictetus embrace a low-authority profile and recommend discretion for the philosopher (recommendations which Marcus Aurelius adopts in his own manner). In doing so they consciously resist the traditional status markers without giving up altogether on the notion of socio-political responsibility. Dio, on the other hand, in his role as public speaker makes full use of these status markers in the hope of increasing his effectiveness (as does Plutarch to some extent in his works on practical philosophy). Hence the contrast represents a cultural dilemma.
9
The Hockey Stick Illusion Independent Minds. Stacey International Publishers, 2010.
10
Abbott, Helen. Baudelaire’s Assemblage. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794691.003.0002.
Abstract (sommario):
Song is a combination of elements, of which the outcome is not always stable. This chapter examines the nature of the bonds formed between poem and music by proposing a new ‘‘assemblage’’ model, which focuses on five key parameters: (a) metre/prosody; (b) form/structure; (c) sound properties/repetition; (d) semantics/word painting; (e) live performance options. This approach bridges methodological gaps exposed through an examination of existing models used in translation theory, adaptation theory, and word/music theory. The two stages in the assemblage model examine: (1) adhesion strength (how closely poem and music stick together); (2) accretion/dilution (how successful the song setting is). The phases of analysis factor in how song is a non-permanent form which goes through multiple iterations of repackaging, including different performances of the same song and different settings of the same poem.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Modèle STICS":
1
Goldwurm, Massimiliano, e Violetta Lonati. "Pattern Occurrences in Multicomponent Models". In STACS 2005, 680–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31856-9_56.
2
Scheideler, Christian. "Models and Techniques for Communication in Dynamic Networks". In STACS 2002, 27–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45841-7_2.
3
Filippov, Alexander E., e Valentin L. Popov. "Study of Dynamics of Block-Media in the Framework of Minimalistic Numerical Models". In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 143–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_7.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractOne of the principal methods of preventing large earthquakes is stimulation of a large series of small events. The result is a transfer of the rapid tectonic dynamics in a creep mode. In this chapter, we discuss possibilities for such a transfer in the framework of simplified models of a subduction zone. The proposed model describes well the basic characteristic features of geo-medium behavior, in particular, statistics of earthquakes (Gutenberg Richter and Omori laws). Its analysis shows that local relatively low-energy impacts can switch block dynamics from stick–slip to creep mode. Thus, it is possible to change the statistics of seismic energy release by means of a series of local, periodic, and relatively low energy impacts. This means a principal possibility of “suppressing” strong earthquakes. Additionally, a modified version of the Burridge-Knopoff model including a simple model for state dependent friction force is derived and studied. The friction model describes a velocity weakening of friction between moving blocks and an increase of static friction during stick periods. It provides a simplified but qualitatively correct stability diagram for the transition from smooth sliding to a stick–slip behavior as observed in various tribological systems. Attractor properties of the model dynamic equations were studied under a broad range of parameters for one- and two-dimensional systems.
4
Buis, S., D. Wallach, S. Guillaume, H. Varella, P. Lecharpentier, M. Launay, M. Guérif, J. E. Bergez e E. Justes. "The STICS Crop Model and Associated Software for Analysis, Parameterization, and Evaluation". In Methods of Introducing System Models into Agricultural Research, 395–426. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/advagricsystmodel2.c14.
5
Insperger, Tamas, Richard Wohlfart, Janos Turi e Gabor Stepan. "Equations with Advanced Arguments in Stick Balancing Models". In Time Delay Systems: Methods, Applications and New Trends, 161–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25221-1_12.
6
Chelidze, T., e N. Varamashvili. "Models of Stick-Slip Motion: Impact of Periodic Forcing". In Synchronization and Triggering: from Fracture to Earthquake Processes, 23–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12300-9_2.
7
Breitner, S. A., A. Lang, M. Klüppel, U. Giese e M. Hilden. "How to avoid stick-slip and noise of lubricated rubber seals in car braking systems". In Constitutive Models for Rubber XII, 187–92. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003310266-32.
8
Ananthakrishna, G., e Hema Ramachandran. "Jerky flow, stick-slip in geological materials and earthquake models". In Non-Linearity and Breakdown in Soft Condensed Matter, 78–106. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58652-0_31.
9
Zhou, Runeng, Yongpeng Gu, Gexue Ren e Suyuan Yu. "Hysteresis Behaviors of a Bump-Type Foil Bearing Structure with Amended LuGre Friction Model". In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 342–54. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1023-6_31.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThe gas foil bearing (GFB) has the prospect of application in the nuclear field because of its oil-free lubrication and high-speed as well as high-temperature performance. In this paper, the hysteresis behaviors of the bump foil structure of bump-type gas foil bearings are investigated. The bump foil is modeled by beam elements and reduced by Guyan reduction method. The amended LuGre friction model is adopted and all the state variables are solved simultaneously in the fully coupled scheme. It is found that, along with the decrease of the friction stiffness per normal force, the presliding behavior is enhanced and it is more and more difficult to distinguish the stick and slip states, which results a decrease of the energy dissipation of hysteresis curves. Besides, the differences of high-slope and low-slope hysteresis curves are caused by the changes of stick and slip states of partial contact nodes close to the free end of the bump foil. Finally, the simulation results considering the Stribeck effect indicate that the high-slope and low-slope parts of hysteresis curves are dominated by maximum static friction coefficient and kinetic friction coefficient, respectively. Moreover, the comparisons of simulation and experimental hysteresis curves prove that the presliding behavior and Stribeck effect are prevalent phenomena in bump foil structure and should be taken into account in the modeling of the GFB system.
10
Watanabe, Kazumi. "Wave Radiation from a Stick-Slip-Like Source Motion (SH-Wave)". In Advanced Dynamics and Model-Based Control of Structures and Machines, 205–13. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0797-3_24.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Modèle STICS":
1
Haerohmansyah, Dede, Endarti Puspitasari e Dwi Agustina Kurniawati. "Optimizing Alfian's Cassava Stick Production to Maximize Business Profits Imron Rosidi". In The 6th International Conference on Science and Engineering. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-jdqjl9.
Abstract (sommario):
This research aims to optimize the production of Alfian's Cassava Stick to obtain maximum profit in Imron Rosidi's business. Alfian's Cassava Stick is a snack in Gunungkidul made from cassava. This study uses a linear programming model to determine the optimal production plan that maximizes profits while meeting production and resource constraints. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the optimal production plan was to produce 100 packs of original cassava sticks and 200 packs of spicy cassava sticks per week. The maximum profit earned is IDR 1,200,000.00 per week. This study concludes that the linear programming model is an effective tool for optimizing the production of Alfian's Cassava Stick and maximizing profits. The findings of this research can provide insights for similar businesses in optimizing production plans and increasing their profitability.
2
Sun, Chao, Ying Li, Jiujie Kuang, Changchun Ji e Jiangtao Wu. "The Effect of Ash Cleaning Cycles on Thermal Characteristics of Moxibustion Therapy". In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71137.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective: In clinical treatment, ash cleaning is an effective way to enhance the thermal efficiency of moxibustion. Understanding the thermal characteristics of moxibustion therapy with ash cleaning is necessary to improve its clinical efficiency. Method: Temperature distributions of burning moxa sticks were measured with an infrared camera. The moxa burning duration was set at 20min with different ash cleaning cycles (3min, 4min, 5min and no ash cleaning). A moxa stick burning model with ash cleaning was built to analyze the detailed burning discipline and compared with experimental results. In addition, temperature distributions of in-vitro tissue during moxibustion with different ash cleaning cycles were obtained using thermocouples and infrared camera. Results: Ash cleaning has effectively extended the high-temperature areas of moxa sticks and accelerated the burning velocity. Shorter ash cleaning cycle led to higher average temperature of moxa sticks. The simulated results agreed well with experimental data, which indicates that the moxa stick burning model with ash cleaning is reliable to reveal the burning discipline of moxa sticks. For in-vitro tissue, ash cleaning induced obvious temperature rise at tissue surface and slight rise in deep tissue. Compared with 3 min and 5 min, the ash cleaning cycle of 4 min is the recommended value.
3
Tabatabaie, Mansour, Basilio Sumodobila, Calvin Wong, Daniel E. Fisher e J. Todd Oswald. "Detailed Finite Element Modeling of US EPR™ Nuclear Island for Seismic SSI Analysis". In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25836.
Abstract (sommario):
The US EPR™ standard design currently under development by AREVA consists primarily of a nuclear island (NI) and several other significant structures outside of and in close proximity to the NI. The NI structures consist of the Reactor Building (RB), Fuel Building (FB), Safeguard Building 1 (SB1), Safeguard Building 2/3 (SB2/3), Safeguard Building 4 (SB4), and Reactor Building Internal Structures (RBIS) — all of which share a common foundation basemat. The Nuclear Island is embedded approximately 11.6 m below the ground surface. Seismic soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis of nuclear power plants is often performed in the frequency domain using a lumped-mass stick and/or coarse finite element model of the structure. These models are designed to capture the global dynamic response of the system, the results of which provide the inertia forces that are used for foundation stability assessment as well as input to a static detailed finite element model of the structure for design. The in-structure response spectra is calculated from a separate dynamic analysis of detailed structural model on fixed base excited by the base motion developed from the SSI analysis or often by including single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) oscillators representing the local response in the stick/coarse finite element SSI models. With recent advances in computer software and hardware technologies, it is now possible to perform SSI analysis of detailed structural models in the frequency domain. This paper presents the results of the seismic SSI analysis of the US EPR™ nuclear island using both a stick and detailed finite element representation of the structure. The soil profile corresponds to a medium stiff soil case used for the standard design. Because the EPR™ nuclear island is a complex, unsymmetric structure, the stick model consists of multiple interconnected sticks developed and calibrated against a detailed finite element model of the structure on a fixed base. Both models are analyzed using SASSI [1]. The results of the detailed finite element model in terms of maximum accelerations and response spectra, as well as total interstory forces and moments, are calculated and compared with those of the lumped-mass stick model.
4
Sridhar, N., Q. D. Yang e B. N. Cox. "Fiber Pullout Characteristics Under Dynamic Loading Conditions". In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/ad-25305.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Inertial effects in the mechanism of fiber pullout during dynamic propagation of a bridged crack are critically examined. By reposing simple shear lag models of pullout as problems of dynamic wave propagation, the effect of frictional coupling between the fiber and the matrix is accounted for in a fairly straightforward way. The frictional sliding between the fiber and the matrix is described by a constant interfacial friction stress, the sign of which depends on the relative particle velocity of the fiber and the matrix. Analytical solutions are derived when the load or bridging traction on the fiber in the crack plane increases linearly in time. The results show that when the wave speed of the matrix exceeds a critical value, the frictional fiber pullout behavior transitions from a state of pure slip to a state where part of the sliding zone slips and the remaining sticks. When stick occurs, the fiber and the matrix within the stick zone slide past each other with an interfacial shear stress less than the shear stress required for slipping. Regions of slip and stick propagate and increase with time and influence the time-dependent relationship between the crack opening displacement and the bridging tractions.
5
B, Punyashree, Shalparni P. Y, Sushma D e M. Dakshayini. "IoT Based Smart Blind Stick Using GPS and GSM Module". In 2022 Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Computing and Information Processing (CCIP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccip57447.2022.10058668.
6
Dai, Tianjiao, Naiquan Ye e Svein Sævik. "The Effect of Stick Stiffness of Friction Models on the Bending Behavior in Non-Bonded Flexible Risers". In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62644.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper investigates the effect of stick stiffness on the bending behavior in non-bonded flexible risers. The stick stiffness was normally implemented in the friction model for calculating the friction stress between layers in such structures. As the stick stiffness may be too small to achieve the plane-surfaces-remain-plane assumption under low contact pressure in some friction models [1], a new friction model was proposed for maintaining the constant stick stiffness in the present work. Less stick stiffness than that obtained by the plane-surfaces-remain-plane assumption was observed in test data. It was assumed that the stick stiffness reduction is caused by shear deformation of plastic layers. A numerical study on stick stiffness by including the shear deformation effect was carried out and verified against full scale tests with respect to the bending moment-curvature relationship.
7
Guillen, Jérôme, Christophe Pierre e Thomas Lagrange. "An Advanced Damper Model for the Dynamics of Dry Friction Damped Systems". In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/vib-8083.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract In this work, a new, flexible friction damper model is introduced, for application to turbomachinery bladed-disk assemblies. The damper is modeled as a massless structure characterized by a stiffness matrix. It is connected to two (possibly more) structural systems at an arbitrary number of friction points where slip can occur. A new procedure is presented to calculate the force transmitted by the damper at each frictional interface. The multi-harmonic, hybrid, frequency/time method introduced previously by the authors, along with the Broyden resolution algorithm, are modified to handle this advanced damper model and to predict the steady-state periodic response of the system. The method is successfully applied to a four-degree of freedom friction damper connecting two beams at four frictional points. Several interesting features of the non-linear response are revealed, such as: situations where the damper slips at some frictional points and sticks at the other points; and complexity of the frequency response of the system, due to the existence of several modes of vibration that correspond to combinations of stick/slip motions at the various frictional interfaces.
8
Ritnoom, Nuttaporn, e Supachate Innet. "A Study for Reducing Energy Consumption in Electronic White Stick Module". In 2009 Fourth International Conference on Computer Sciences and Convergence Information Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit.2009.188.
9
Inoue, Tomoya, Tokihiro Katsui, Chang-Kyu Rheem, Zengo Yoshida e Miki Y. Matsuo. "Preliminary Study on Stick-Slip in Drillstring With Analytical Model Expressed With Neutral Delay Differential Equation". In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23424.
Abstract (sommario):
Stick-slip is a major problem in offshore drilling because it may cause damage to the drill bit as well as crushing or grinding the sediment layer, which is crucial problem in scientific drilling because the purpose of the scientific drilling is to recover core samples from the layers. To mitigate stick-slip, first of all it is necessary to establish a model of the torsional motion of the drill bit and express the stick-slip phenomenon. Toward this end, the present study proposes a model of torsional waves propagating in a drillstring. An analytical model is developed and used to derive a neutral delay differential equation (NDDE), a special type of equation that requires time history, and an analytical model of stick-slip is derived for friction models between the drill bit and the layer as well as the rotation speed applied to the uppermost part of the drill string. In this study, the stick-slip model is numerically analyzed for several conditions and a time series of the bit motions is obtained. Based on the analytical results, the appearance of stick-slip and its severity are discussed. A small-scale model experiment was conducted in a water tank to observe the stick-slip phenomenon, and the result is discussed with numerical analysis. In addition, utilizing surface drilling data acquired from the actual drilling operations of the scientific drillship Chikyu, occurrence of stick-slip phenomenon is discussed.
10
Buttolo, Pietro, Paul Stewart e Yifan Chen. "Force-Enabled Sculpting of CAD Models". In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2428.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Transferring geometrical information between Computer-Aided Design models and physical prototypes is a time-intensive task and as such is one of the critical bottlenecks in the automotive design process. Sculpting of free-form surfaces in force enabled CAD applications could bridge the gap between digital models and certain physical prototypes. In this paper a novel force-enabled surface manipulation method called stick-to-surface/stick-to-pen is presented. During sculpting, the haptic device is constrained to follow the virtual surface, and simultaneously the surface is controlled to follow the device. The trade-off between which follows which is managed by partitioning the Cartesian space into a browsing subspace and a manipulation subspace.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Modèle STICS":
1
Banks, H. T., J. B. Hood, N. G. Medhin, Jr Samuels e J. R. A Stick-Slip/Rouse Hybrid Model for Viscoelasticity in Polymers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, novembre 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459065.
2
Model documentation report: Short-term Integrated Forecasting System demand model 1985. [(STIFS)]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5628844.
3
Integrating STI/HIV services into existing MCH/FP programs. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1998.1003.
Abstract (sommario):
The presence of certain STIs increases the risk of the sexual transmission of HIV. Thus, controlling STIs can reduce the incidence of HIV. Almost all women in the East and Southern African regions attend MCH/FP clinics regularly, and recent surveys have shown that the prevalence levels of many STIs, including HIV, can be high for women seeking FP and antenatal services, even though they are frequently asymptomatic. MCH/FP services are provided by medically trained staff with many of the same skills needed for managing STIs. Consequently, several MCH/FP programs have started looking for ways to integrate STI management strategies, such as STI screening, treatment, and education, into their routine services. The Population Council’s Africa OR/TA Project undertook case studies of four such programs in Botswana; Nakuru, Kenya; Mombasa, Kenya; and Busoga, Uganda. The model includes case detection and treatment, HIV/AIDS management, detection and treatment of syphilis, and information and education materials. This summary explains that STI and HIV/AIDS management services can be integrated successfully into existing MCH/FP programs in East and Southern Africa.
4
Men in maternity study: Men matter. Population Council, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2002.1009.
Abstract (sommario):
The Population Council and the Employees’ State Insurance Company are collaborating in a Men in Maternity (MiM) study in India to test a model of antenatal and postnatal services designed to help thousands of couples, especially men, redefine their roles in reproductive health and improve birth outcomes and maternal health. This is part of a global study that will assess the impact of male partnership in improving pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health, primarily by reducing the prevalence of STIs and increasing postpartum family planning use. Studies suggest that the lack of men’s participation in reproductive health actually undermines women’s health. The MiM study is the first of its kind in India. It includes more than a focus on contraception or safe motherhood and covers topics ranging from child survival and postpartum services to STI diagnosis and treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. This research update provides an overview of the MiM experimental intervention and some lessons learned in establishing the new services and maintaining operations during the first 14 months of the study’s intervention period.