Bibliografie tematiche / Mixing in lakes

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 11 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Li, Yunliang, Jing Yao e Li Zhang. "Investigation into mixing in the shallow floodplain Poyang Lake (China) using hydrological, thermal and isotopic evidence". Water Science and Technology 74, n. 11 (17 settembre 2016): 2582–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.444.

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Although mixing in lakes has significant environmental and ecological implications, knowledge of mixing dynamics for shallow floodplain lakes has received little attention. In this study, hydrological, thermal and isotopic investigations were undertaken to provide evidence for the mixing in the large, shallow floodplain Poyang Lake (China). Depth profiles of water velocity, water temperature and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions were measured throughout the lake, with results showing that the water velocity differences in depth profiles are generally less than ∼0.2 m/s, indicating weak stratification. Although water temperature differences of up to ∼2 °C are observed occasionally, Poyang Lake appears to have isothermal mixed layers from the epilimnion to the hypolimnion, attributed to the presence of mostly small temperature differences (<1 °C). Additionally, isotope compositions reveal that the lake's water columns are almost homogeneous during various water-level periods. Relative to many lakes exhibiting either no mixing or partial mixing, Poyang Lake appears to be fully mixing on a seasonal basis, depending on hydrological forcings within the lake rather than meteorological conditions. The current study will help to improve our knowledge of water flow patterns and pollutant transport in Poyang Lake and other similar floodplain lakes.

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Peeters, F., A. Wüest, G. Piepke e D. M. Imboden. "Horizontal mixing in lakes". Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 101, n. C8 (15 agosto 1996): 18361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96jc01145.

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Bengtsson, Lars. "Mixing in ice-covered lakes". Hydrobiologia 322, n. 1-3 (aprile 1996): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00031811.

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Dembowska, Ewa. "Cyanobacterial blooms in shallow lakes of the Iławskie Lake District". Limnological Review 11, n. 2 (1 gennaio 2011): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10194-011-0028-y.

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Cyanobacterial blooms in shallow lakes of the Iławskie Lake DistrictThe dominance of blue-green algae observed in many lakes is related to a high trophic level. Shallow eutrophic lakes are particularly often abundant in blue-green algae. The research on phytoplankton, the results of which are presented in this paper, was carried out between 2002 and 2005 in six lakes. These lakes differed considerably in their size and management methods applied in the catchment (drainage) area. A few types of water blooms were distinguished, which is related to the catchment area management, the intensity of mixing and the trophic level. Algal blooms of the Planktothrix type appeared in lakes situated in an open area of agricultural catchment basins. Algal blooms of the Limnothrix type were characteristic of lakes with a forest-agricultural catchment area but surrounded by high shores, which reduced the wind influence on the mixing. Sporadic mixed algal blooms were typical of lakes situated in forest catchment areas.

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Davies‐Colley, Robert J. "Mixing depths in New Zealand lakes". New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 22, n. 4 (dicembre 1988): 517–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1988.9516322.

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Bergmann, Martin A., e Harold E. Welch. "Spring Meltwater Mixing in Small Arctic Lakes". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, n. 11 (1 novembre 1985): 1789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-224.

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Meltwater mixing in small arctic lakes at Saqvaqjuac (63°68′N, 90°40′W) was studied in 1980 and 1981 to evaluate the applicability of theoretical lake water renewal times to the modeling of ice-covered lakes. Two 370-GBq tritium additions were made to 7.09-ha P&N Lake. One was mixed with the unfrozen water at the time of maximum lake-ice thickness (May 1980) and the other was mixed with the lake immediately after freezing (October 1980). Dye experiments were also performed at four lakes to define the spatial and temporal distribution of the inflow and icemelt layers. Results from the tritiated water and dye addition experiments, as well as conductance and temperature profiles, showed that during ice-on, the cold low-density meltwater floated in a thin layer 0–100 cm beneath the ice, extended over the entire subice-surface area, and left the lake without mixing with the heavier subice water. These results imply that (1) lake models incorporating a lake flushing rate term need to be reevaluated to accommodate the lack of meltwater mixing beneath spring ice and (2) more attention should be given to the early spring meltwater chemistry and its distribution within the upper lake strata.

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Helbling, E. W., P. Carrillo, J. M. Medina-Sanchez, C. Durán, G. Herrera, M. Villar-Argaiz e V. E. Villafañe. "Interactive effects of vertical mixing, nutrients and ultraviolet radiation: in situ photosynthetic responses of phytoplankton from high mountain lakes of Southern Europe". Biogeosciences Discussions 9, n. 7 (31 luglio 2012): 9791–827. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-9791-2012.

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Abstract. Global change, together with human activities had resulted in increasing amounts of organic material (including nutrients) received by water bodies. This input further attenuates the penetration of solar radiation leading to the view that opaque lakes are more "protected" from solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) than clear ones. Vertical mixing, however, complicates this view as cells are exposed to fluctuating radiation regimes, which effects have in general been neglected. Even more, the combined impacts of mixing, together with those of UVR and nutrients input are virtually unknown. In this study, we carried out in situ experiments in three high mountain lakes of Spain (Lake Enol in Asturias, and lakes Las Yeguas and La Caldera in Granada) to determine the combined effects of these three variables associated to global change on photosynthetic responses of natural phytoplankton communities. The experimentation consisted in all possible combinations of the following treatments: (a) solar radiation: UVR + PAR (280–700 nm) versus PAR alone (400–700 nm); (b) nutrient addition (phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N)): ambient versus addition (P to reach to a final concentration of 30 μg P l−1, and N to reach a N : P molar ratio of 31) and, (c) mixing: mixed (one rotation from surface to 3 m depth (speed of 1 m every 4 min, total of 10 cycles) versus static. Our findings suggest that under in situ nutrient conditions there is a synergistic effect between vertical mixing and UVR, increasing phytoplankton photosynthetic inhibition and EOC from opaque lakes as compared to algae that received constant mean irradiance within the epilimnion. The opposite occurs in clear lakes where antagonistic effects were determined, with mixing partially counteracting the negative effects of UVR. Nutrients input mimicking atmospheric pulses from Saharan dust, reversed this effect and clear lakes became more inhibited during mixing, while opaque lakes benefited from the fluctuating irradiance regime. These climate change-related nutrients input and increased mixing would not only affect photosynthesis and production of lakes, but might also further influence the microbial loop and trophic interactions via enhanced EOC under fluctuating UVR exposure.

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Helbling, E. W., P. Carrillo, J. M. Medina-Sánchez, C. Durán, G. Herrera, M. Villar-Argaiz e V. E. Villafañe. "Interactive effects of vertical mixing, nutrients and ultraviolet radiation: in situ photosynthetic responses of phytoplankton from high mountain lakes in Southern Europe". Biogeosciences 10, n. 2 (14 febbraio 2013): 1037–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1037-2013.

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Abstract. Global change, together with human activities, has resulted in increasing amounts of organic material (including nutrients) that water bodies receive. This input further attenuates the penetration of solar radiation, leading to the view that opaque lakes are more "protected" from solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) than clear ones. Vertical mixing, however, complicates this view as cells are exposed to fluctuating radiation regimes, for which the effects have, in general, been neglected. Furthermore, the combined impacts of mixing, together with those of UVR and nutrient inputs are virtually unknown. In this study, we carried out complex in situ experiments in three high mountain lakes of Spain (Lake Enol in the National Park Picos de Europa, Asturias, and lakes Las Yeguas and La Caldera in the National Park Sierra Nevada, Granada), used as model ecosystems to evaluate the joint impact of these climate change variables. The main goal of this study was to address the question of how short-term pulses of nutrient inputs, together with vertical mixing and increased UVR fluxes modify the photosynthetic responses of phytoplankton. The experimentation consisted in all possible combinations of the following treatments: (a) solar radiation: UVR &plus; PAR (280–700 nm) versus PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) alone (400–700 nm); (b) nutrient addition (phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N)): ambient versus addition (P to reach to a final concentration of 30 μg P L−1, and N to reach N:P molar ratio of 31); and (c) mixing: mixed (one rotation from surface to 3 m depth (speed of 1 m 4 min−1, total of 10 cycles)) versus static. Our findings suggest that under ambient nutrient conditions there is a synergistic effect between vertical mixing and UVR, increasing phytoplankton photosynthetic inhibition and excretion of organic carbon (EOC) from opaque lakes as compared to algae that received constant mean irradiance within the epilimnion. The opposite occurs in clear lakes where antagonistic effects were determined, with mixing partially counteracting the negative effects of UVR. Nutrient input, mimicking atmospheric pulses from Saharan dust, reversed this effect and clear lakes became more inhibited during mixing, while opaque lakes benefited from the fluctuating irradiance regime. These climate change related scenarios of nutrient input and increased mixing, would not only affect photosynthesis and production in lakes, but might also further influence the microbial loop and trophic interactions via enhanced EOC under fluctuating UVR exposure.

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Shatwell, Tom, Wim Thiery e Georgiy Kirillin. "Future projections of temperature and mixing regime of European temperate lakes". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, n. 3 (18 marzo 2019): 1533–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1533-2019.

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Abstract. The physical response of lakes to climate warming is regionally variable and highly dependent on individual lake characteristics, making generalizations about their development difficult. To qualify the role of individual lake characteristics in their response to regionally homogeneous warming, we simulated temperature, ice cover, and mixing in four intensively studied German lakes of varying morphology and mixing regime with a one-dimensional lake model. We forced the model with an ensemble of 12 climate projections (RCP4.5) up to 2100. The lakes were projected to warm at 0.10–0.11 ∘C decade−1, which is 75 %–90 % of the projected air temperature trend. In simulations, surface temperatures increased strongly in winter and spring, but little or not at all in summer and autumn. Mean bottom temperatures were projected to increase in all lakes, with steeper trends in winter and in shallower lakes. Modelled ice thaw and summer stratification advanced by 1.5–2.2 and 1.4–1.8 days decade−1 respectively, whereas autumn turnover and winter freeze timing was less sensitive. The projected summer mixed-layer depth was unaffected by warming but sensitive to changes in water transparency. By mid-century, the frequency of ice and stratification-free winters was projected to increase by about 20 %, making ice cover rare and shifting the two deeper dimictic lakes to a predominantly monomictic regime. The polymictic lake was unlikely to become dimictic by the end of the century. A sensitivity analysis predicted that decreasing transparency would dampen the effect of warming on mean temperature but amplify its effect on stratification. However, this interaction was only predicted to occur in clear lakes, and not in the study lakes at their historical transparency. Not only lake morphology, but also mixing regime determines how heat is stored and ultimately how lakes respond to climate warming. Seasonal differences in climate warming rates are thus important and require more attention.

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Bowling, LC. "Heat contents, thermal stabilities and Birgean wind work in Dystrophic Tasmanian Lakes and Reservoirs". Marine and Freshwater Research 41, n. 3 (1990): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9900429.

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Values of whole-lake standard energy parameters (heat content, thermal stability and Birge's work of the wind) for ten dystrophic standing waters from western Tasmania were lower than expected for lakes of their depth and area. Although controlled principally by morphometric factors, the degree of shelter from wind and the extent of each lake's dystrophy also had considerable effects. These factors allowed only surface waters to contribute to the annual heat exchange cycle, thereby reducing the magnitude of each lake's heat budgets and influencing stability and wind work values. The lakes show considerable short- and long-term fluctuations in heat content, stability and wind work values in response to the capricious maritime meteorological conditions of the area. However, long periods between successive samplings may have caused some underestimation of the ranges of these three parameters. Despite this, the study reveals that these standard energy parameters are effective in describing the annual energy input and resistance to wind-induced mixing of these dystrophic Tasmanian lakes.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Yeates, Peter Stafford. "Deep mixing in stratified lakes and reservoirs". University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0046.

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The onset of summer stratification in temperate lakes and reservoirs forces a decoupling of the hypolimnion from the epilimnion that is sustained by strong density gradients in the metalimnion. These strong gradients act as a barrier to the vertical transport of mass and scalars leading to bottom anoxia and subsequent nutrient release from the sediments. The stratification is intermittently overcome by turbulent mixing events that redistribute mass, heat, dissolved parameters and particulates in the vertical. The redistribution of ecological parameters then exerts some control over the ecological response of the lake. This dissertation is focused on the physics of deep vertical mixing that occurs beneath the well-mixed surface layer in stratified lakes and reservoirs. The overall aim is to improve the ability of numerical models to reproduce deep vertical mixing, thus providing better tools for water quality prediction and management. In the first part of this research the framework of a one-dimensional mixed-layer hydrodynamic model was used to construct a pseudo two-dimensional model that computes vertical fluxes generated by deep mixing processes. The parameterisations developed for the model were based on the relationship found between lake-wide vertical buoyancy flux and the first-order internal wave response of the lake to surface wind forcing. The ability of the model to reproduce the observed thermal structure in a range of lakes and reservoirs was greatly improved by incorporating an explicit turbulent benthic boundary layer routine. Although laterally-integrated models reproduce the net effect of turbulent mixing in a vertical sense, they fail to resolve the transient distribution of turbulent mixing events triggered by local flow properties defined at far smaller scales. Importantly, the distribution of events may promote tertiary motions and ecological niches. In the second part of the study a large body of microstructure data collected in Lake Kinneret, Israel, was used to show that the nature of turbulent mixing events varied considerably between the epilimnion, metalimnion, hypolimnion and benthic boundary layer, yet the turbulent scales of the events and the buoyancy flux they produced collapsed into functions of the local gradient Richardson number. It was found that the most intense events in the metalimnion were triggered by high-frequency waves generated near the surface that grew and imparted a strain on the metalimnion density field, which led to secondary instabilities with low gradient Richardson numbers. The microstructure observations suggest that the local gradient Richardson number could be used to parameterise vertical mixing in coarse-grid numerical models of lakes and reservoirs. However, any effort to incorporate such parameterisations becomes meaningless without measures to reduce numerical diffusion, which often dominates over parameterised physical mixing. As a third part of the research, an explicit filtering tool was developed to negate numerical diffusion in a threedimensional hydrodynamic model. The adaptive filter ensured that temperature gradients in the metalimnion remained within bounds of the measured values and so the computation preserved the spectrum of internal wave motions that trigger diapycnal mixing events in the deeper reaches of a lake. The results showed that the ratio of physical to numerical diffusion is dictated by the character of the dominant internal wave motions.

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Matthews, Paul Charles. "Convection and mixing on ice-covered lakes". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304299.

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Allan, Craig James. "Lake ice cover development and meltwater mixing in the spring acidification of small Canadian Precambrian Shield lakes". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1987. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21669.pdf.

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Holzner, Christian Peter. "Noble gases as tracers for mixing and gas exchange processes in lakes and oceans /". Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17757.

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Edwards, William J. "Impacts of the Zebra Mussel (Dreissena Polymorpha) on Large Lakes: Influence of Vertical Turbulent Mixing". The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392139735.

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Myers, Justin Adam. "Internal loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), reduced N forms, and periodic mixing support cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (HABs) in shallow, eutrophic Honeoye Lake (New York, USA)". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1622556045440146.

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Blottiere, Lydie. "Rôles du brassage dans le fonctionnement des écosystèmes aquatiques peu profonds dans un contexte de réchauffement climatique". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS016/document.

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Le vent joue un rôle clé dans la structure et le fonctionnement des lacs. Le brassage de la colonne d’eau est notamment impliqué dans la compétition entre les différentes espèces de phytoplancton dont les stratégies de positionnement vertical varient largement entre groupes. Par exemple, les cyanobactéries sont globalement favorisées par des conditions de brassage faible grâce à des mécanismes physiologiques de flottaison leur permettant de se maintenir à une profondeur désirée, alors que les diatomées et les algues vertes qui n’ont pas de système de flottaison dépendent d’un brassage important pour être suspendues dans la zone euphotique. Dans les lacs peu profonds, le brassage généré par le vent est généralement suffisant pour entrainer la resuspension des sédiments. Ceci a pour conséquence directe une augmentation de la turbidité qui peut directement impacter la croissance et la productivité algale. La seconde conséquence est la libération de phosphore précédemment stocké dans les sédiments. La pollution et l’usage d’engrais ont provoqué un important import de phosphore dans les lacs qui sont pour la plupart dans un état d’eutrophisation. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse a eu pour objectif de modéliser la compétition entre une cyanobactérie et une algue verte dans une colonne d’eau de lac peu profond prenant en compte la possibilité de resuspension des sédiments et de phosphore. Différents niveaux de brassage ont été testés : de quasi-stagnant à tempête. Des centaines de simulation ont été réalisées dans différentes conditions de brassage, d’eutrophisation (de oligo- à hypereutrophe) et de réchauffement climatique (actuel et +2°C) permettant d’établir des domaines de conditions de dominance d’une espèce ou de l’autre. Dans une seconde partie, la thèse a eu pour objectif d’explorer les impacts potentiels du brassage sur l’ensemble du réseau trophique pélagique. En effet, la grande majorité des études portant sur le brassage sont des études in situ focalisées sur le phytoplancton. Dans le cas présent, nous avons utilisé des mésocosmes de 15m3 équipés de batteurs à vagues dont les amplitudes, fréquences et longueurs d’ondes sont modifiables. Une première expérience en 2012 a eu pour objet de suivre durant 9 semaines la dynamique des variables physico-chimiques standards et des communautés de phytoplancton, zooplancton, bactéries et virus dans deux modalités de brassage : brassage superficiel et brassage de l’ensemble de la colonne d’eau avec resuspension des sédiments. L’année suivante, la même expérience a été conduite mais cette fois-ci couplée à un traitement de réchauffement appliqué grâce à des bâches de polyéthylène transparentes posées sur les mésocosmes. Ces deux expériences montrent un effet important du brassage sur le phytoplancton avec une augmentation du contenu en chlorophyll a et une augmentation de la productivité. Au niveau du zooplancton, la réponse dépend du sous-groupe. Dans nos expériences, uniquement les copépodes ont répondu négativement au régime de brassage avec un potentiel effet cascade sur la population de rotifers. L’expérience de 2012 suggère également un renforcement de l’activité de lyse bactérienne par les virus dans des conditions de brassage important. En 2013, aucun effet du réchauffement de l’eau de 1°C n’a été observé sur les variables mesurées. Des analyses supplémentaires en cours devraient permettre de compléter les informations obtenues et de vérifier l’absence d’effet du réchauffement
The wind plays a key role in the structure and functioning of lakes. Water column mixing is involved in the competition between different species of phytoplankton with different vertical positioning strategies. For example, buoyant cyanobacteria are generally favored by low mixing conditions, while sinking diatoms and green algae depend on mixing to be suspended in the photic zone. In addition, in shallow lakes, wind-induced mixing is usually sufficient to cause sediment resuspension. This leads to an increase in turbidity which can directly impact the algal growth and productivity. Resuspension can also induce the release of phosphorus previously stored in sediments. This internal loading via resuspension can boost algal production and growth. The first goal of this thesis was to model the competition between the buoyant cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and a sinking green algae under different mixing conditions: from quasi-stagnant to storm-like events. Hundreds of simulations were carried out in different conditions of mixing, phosphorus concentration and water temperatures in order to establish the conditions necessary for the dominance of one species on the other. In the second part of this thesis, we explored the potential impacts of mixing on the pelagic food web. The vast majority of previous studies on mixing in shallow lakes are in situ studies focused on phytoplankton. In the summer 2012, we used 15m3 mesocosms equipped with wave-makers and followed during nine weeks the dynamics of physical and chemical variables and the dynamic of phytoplankton, zooplankton, bacteria and viruses under two mixing conditions: whole column mixing with sediment resuspension and superficial mixing without resuspension. The following year, the same experiment was conducted but this time crossed with a warming treatment. Both experiments gave similar results in regards to mixing. We observed a significant effect of mixing on phytoplankton with an increase in chlorophyll content and an increase in productivity. The response of zooplankton to mixing depended on the subgroup. In our experiments, only copepods responded negatively to mixing with a potential cascade effect on the rotifer population while bosminas remained unaffected throughout the experiments. The 2012 experience also suggests an increase in bacterial lysis activity by virus in mixed enclosures. In 2013, no effect of water warming (+1°C) was observed on the measured variables, however, additional analysis are still underway to confirm or infirm these results

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Huber, Anita. "Internal mixing in a mine lake". University of Western Australia. School of Environmental Systems Engineering, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0103.

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[Truncated abstract] Mine lakes are a water body created after an open-cut mine ceases operating. The lakes develop in the former mine-pit due to the combination of groundwater inflow, surface run-off and, in some cases, due to rapid filling from river diversion. While potentially valuable water resources, these lakes often have poor water quality and managing the water body is an important part of the overall process of mine site rehabilitation. As mine lakes form in man-made pits, they have a bathymetry that is typically quite distinct from natural lakes and this can, in turn, strongly influence the hydrodynamics and hence the water quality of the water body. Despite the potential importance of these water bodies, there have been very few studies on the hydrodynamics of mine lakes. This study describes a field investigation of the hydrodynamics of a former coal mine lake, Lake Kepwari, in south-western Western Australia. In particular, this study examines the hydrodynamic processes in both the surface mixing layers and the internal mixing in the density stratified lake. Wind sheltering in the surface mixing layer occurs due to the presence of the steep walls and lake embankments. A week long field experiment was conducted in December 2003 using a combination of moored thermistor chains with meteorological stations and the deployment of rapid vertical profiling turbulent microstructure instruments and CTD drops from two boats operating on the lake. ... Simulations indicated that inclusion of a site specific sheltering effect, based on the results of the field campaign, significantly improved the models‘ performance in capturing the surface mixed layer deepening associated with episodic strong wind events that occur on the lake. Considerable internal mixing was indicated by the high dissipation rates observed, particularly near the boundaries. Large basin-wide diffusivities were also calculated from the heat budget method over long periods, showed a consistency with time, and were slightly higher in summer than during the Autumn Winter period. Although light, there are persistent winds over the lake and yet little basin-scale internal wave activity or seiching. It is hypothesized that any seiching motion was rapidly damped by strong mixing over the hydraulically rough bathymetry bathymetry created by the remnant benches from the open cut mining operation itself. This boundary mixing, in turn, drives secondary relaxation currents that transport mixed fluid from the boundaries to the interior, resulting in high effective basin-wide diffusivities. A simple boundary mixing model is proposed to describe this process.

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Huber, Anita. "Internal mixing in a mine lake /". Connect to this title, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0103.

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Carse, Fiona. "Lake and ocean vertical mixing using sulphur hexafluoride tracer techniques". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327480.

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Libri sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Post, L. E. Effluent mixing zone studies. Toronto: Water Resources Branch, 1985.

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Tsanis, Ioannis K. Mixing zone models for submerged discharges. Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1994.

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Vinne, G. Van Der. Low flow, open water tracer dye studies on the North Saskatchewan River, Edmonton to Saskatchewan border. Edmonton, Alta: Environmental Research and Engineering Dept., Alberta Research Council, 1991.

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Vinne, G. Van Der. Winter tracer dye studies on the North Saskatchewan River, Edmonton to Saskatchewan border. Edmonton, Alta: Environmental Research and Engineering Dept., Alberta Research Council, 1991.

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St-Hilaire, André. River mixing characteristics in the northwest Miramichi River (NB) and associated metal concentration following a discharge by Heath Steele Mines in 1991. Moncton, NB: Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Gulf Fisheries Centre, Science Branch, Diadromous Fish Division, 2001.

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Shukla, Bhagwan S. Diffusion coefficient and mixing depth through environmental radioactivity (models and applications). Hamilton, Ont: Environmental Research & Publications, 2010.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act to enable Britton Bath Osler, to obtain letters patent for the invention or discovery known as "Carr's Disintegrator" for disintegrating, dispersing, reducing or mixing ores and other substances. Ottawa: I.B. Taylor, 2002.

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J, Beven K., Chatwin Philip C, Millbank John H e Allen Catherine M. 1954-1991, a cura di. Mixing and transport in the environment: A memorial volume for Catherine M. Allen (1954-1991). Chichester: J. Wiley, 1994.

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Beven, Keith J., e Philip C. Chatwin. Mixing and Transport in the Environment: A Memorial Volume for Catherine M. Allen (1954-1991). John Wiley & Sons Ltd (Import), 1994.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Larson, Magnus. "Mixing in Lakes". In Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs, 527–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4410-6_214.

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Ward, P. R. B., K. J. Hall, T. G. Northcote, W. Cheung e T. Murphy. "Autumnal mixing in Mahoney Lake, British Columbia". In Saline Lakes, 129–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0603-7_12.

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Imboden, D. M., e A. Wüest. "Mixing Mechanisms in Lakes". In Physics and Chemistry of Lakes, 83–138. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85132-2_4.

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Imboden, Dieter M. "Mixing and Transport in Lakes: Mechanisms and Ecological Relevance". In Large Lakes, 47–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84077-7_3.

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Bengtsson, Lars, Lars Bengtsson, Hrund Ó. Andradóttir, V. K. Dwivedi, Magnus Larson e Ulrich Lemmin. "Initial Mixing of Pollutants". In Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs, 411. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4410-6_20.

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Bengtsson, Lars. "Mixing in ice-covered lakes". In The First International Lake Ladoga Symposium, 91–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1655-5_14.

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Goldman, Charles R., e Alan Jassby. "Spring Mixing Depth as a Determinant of Annual Primary Production in Lakes". In Large Lakes, 125–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84077-7_6.

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Watts, James M., Brandon K. Swan, Mary Ann Tiffany e Stuart H. Hurlbert. "Thermal, mixing, and oxygen regimes of the Salton Sea, California, 1997–1999". In Saline Lakes, 159–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2934-5_15.

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Hollibaugh, James T., Patricia S. Wong, Nasreen Bano, Sunny K. Pak, Ellen M. Prager e Cristián Orrego. "Stratification of microbial assemblages in Mono Lake, California, and response to a mixing event". In Saline Lakes, 45–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2934-5_5.

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Bouffard, Damien, e Alfred Wüest. "Mixing in Stratified Lakes and Reservoirs". In Mixing and Dispersion in Flows Dominated by Rotation and Buoyancy, 61–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66887-1_3.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Fin, Alessandro, Franco Fummi e Graziano Pravadelli. "Mixing ATPG and property checking for testing HW/SW interfaces". In the 13th ACM Great Lakes Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/764808.764887.

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FERRER AMORIM, LAIS, JOSÉ RODOLFO SCARATI MARTINS, FÁBIO FERREIRA NOGUEIRA( e FÁBIO PAIVA DA SILVA. "MEASURE AND MODELING VERTICAL MIXING IN TROPICAL STRATIFIED LAKES". In 38th IAHR World Congress. The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/38wc092019-1675.

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Goodin, John, Aubrey L. Hillman, Daniel J. Bain, Mark Abbott e Rebecca Anne Tisherman. "A GEOCHEMICAL MIXING MODEL APPROACH TO ATTRIBUTING SEDIMENT SOURCES FROM FOUR LAKES IN YUNNAN, CHINA AND CONNECTIONS TO HYDROLOGIC BALANCE". In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-335089.

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Reid, Scott M., e Paul G. Anderson. "Suspended Sediment and Turbidity Restrictions Associated With Instream Construction Activities in the United States: An Assessment of Biological Relevance". In 1998 2nd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1998-2123.

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Sediment released during pipeline water crossings has the potential to negatively affect downstream aquatic resources. Regulation of pipeline water crossings has been directed through the application of allowable construction methods, timing constraints and numerical turbidity restrictions on construction permits. Past applications of turbidity restrictions are criticized for the following reasons: duration of exposure or sediment deposition effects are not considered; some applied restrictions are for the protection of primary productivity in lakes; and, defined mixing zones do not appear to incorporate expected levels of sediment generation, or sediment transport principles. Alternate approaches to defining permit restriction are proposed.

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Haider, Z., M. Hondzo e D. Lyn. "Benthic Boundary Mixing in a Stratified Lake". In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)228.

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Tzobery, Shimi, Ted Davis, Zachary Hills e Erika Moonin. "Effective Grouting is Key to Open Tunnel Excavation at Lake Mead Intake No. 3 Connector Tunnels". In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412350.0116.

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Kile, Bethany L., Jeffery R. Stone, Jennifer C. Latimer, Mark D. Shapley e Bruce P. Finney. "DIATOMS AND PHOSPHORUS: RECONSTRUCTING CONVECTIVE LAKE MIXING AND DROUGHT CYCLES OF HERD LAKE". In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-305537.

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VANKOV, P. "SENSITIVITY TO THE $B^{0}_{s}$ MIXING PHASE AT LHCb". In Proceedings of the 22nd Lake Louise Winter Institute. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812776105_0053.

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Lu, Jiarong, Ryutaro Seo, Akiko Kaneko e Yutaka Abe. "Mixing Behavior and Performance of Density Stratification by Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Jet". In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5177.

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Abstract Density stratification is formed in the natural environment such as the lake water system due to the temperature difference of surface water and deep water, leading the damage of lake ecosystem. To dispel the density stratification, several researches in using liquid and gas phase jet to destruct and mix the density stratification was conducted. However, the effect in using gas-liquid two-phase jet to mix the density stratification has not been clarified. In this study, we performed the mixing experiments of density stratification with stained water and salt water. Based on the visualization method and the image processing, the density changing during the experiment was obtained in quantitatively and the dimensionless density distribution was built. Furthermore, the influence of air lift pipe in mixing was investigated. From the density distribution, we classified the result into three kinds of mixed behavior by analyzing the temporal transition of density stratification. Additionally, the mixing pattern with air lift pipe connected with the distance between the nozzle and the entrance of pipe.

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Himeno, Toshiyuki, Marolo Alfaro e Takenori Hino. "Experimental Investigation of Cement Mixing to Improve Lake Agassiz Clay". In Geo-Congress 2020. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482780.047.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Mixing in lakes"

Brunkalla, Roberta. Influence of Mixing and Buoyancy on Competition Between Cyanobacteria Species in Upper Klamath Lake. Portland State University Library, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5882.

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