Tesi sul tema "Milk Street"

In today's world the challenge of logistics becomes more and more important for all companies, which consequently contributes to the need of an integrated system of in-house logistics. Goods must flow easily between stations and departments in order to achieve the best utilization of transportation as well as maintaining a good distribution structure to handle these processes in an efficient and effective way to enhance business performance and competitiveness. This report aims to provide research on how to strategically organize, plan and structure the flow of internal logistics within an organization. The research in this study originates from 3 main methods, a theoretical review, a case study and a benchmark. The main idea of the thesis was to contribute with scientific knowledge of improvements that can be achieved within internal logistics targeting companies operating within the service sector. In order to understand the scope of the problem the current state at the case Tropical Islands was analysed and served to identify areas where possible improvements could be achieved. Further on, in combination with the theory and empirical findings the main conclusions of the thesis was the need to strategically organize the flow of internal logistics to improve efficiency and enhance competitiveness. It was made evident that planning is essential in order to successfully implement the milk runs. Other tools could be utilized to further eliminate drawbacks that might occur.

This thesis is an ethnography of how individuals experience urban change and difference on a south London street. My research focuses on the contemporary increase in cultural and ethnic diversity in London, and I explore what this means for social life and shared space on the Walworth Road. The purpose is to observe and interpret the forms of contact and distance people develop in living with difference in their everyday lives. I use a mixture of official, archival and ethnographic data to contrast how individuals transgress or re-inscribe social and spatial boundaries, and how systems of power authorise boundaries between people and places. I also combine ethnographic and visual methods to analyse and illustrate the layers of place, time and experience that are invoked by narratives of change on the Walworth Road. Although my thesis connects the global and local impacts of change, I select the small independent shops along the Walworth Road as the base of my exploration. Within a selection of shop interiors, I explore forms of social contact that are locally constituted through regular, face-to-face interaction, and through shared spaces and practices that engage people across diverse spectrums. I analyse the relationships between proprietors and customers: between workspaces and work skills and social spaces and social skills. Through this empirical process, I emphasise the social and political significance of ordinary spaces and informal memberships that emerge out of everyday contact in neither overtly public, nor overtly private space. This thesis has been edited into a book form to be released by Routledge in May 2012, the title of which is ‘City, Street and Citizen: The measure of the ordinary’.

ABSTRACT Durban's “Golden Mile” is the city’s most prominent tourist attraction and contributed ± R225 million towards much needed job creation and poverty alleviation in the region during the 2007 financial year, a trend which is set to increase dramatically during the FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) 2010 Soccer World Cup, which was awarded to the Republic of South Africa. The City of Durban will host eight World Cup matches, including a semi-final at the newly designed Moses Mabhiba World Cup 2010 Stadium. The high incidence of violent crimes committed against tourists, which is also reported on in the international media, has caused the concern that if tourists perceive the beachfront to be unsafe they will be hesitant to visit Durban again, while the likelihood also exists that they might discourage other potential visitors. This paper is an attempt to provide input to the discourse on the matter based on empirical research. Much of the research on crime and tourism is founded on economic models of criminal behaviour. The current study contributes to the expanding crime and tourism literature by providing facts and accurate statistics instead of anecdotal information on violent crime and tourism, more specifically with regard to the so-called “street robberies”. From the data collected and analysed, it will become evident that during 2006, 90% of the street robberies reported to Golden Mile hotel security was not documented in the form of a case docket with the SAPS. Through the use of qualitative data analysis techniques such as theming, coding and categorising, the study will also reveal that all the respondents who completed the open-ended questionnaire are of the opinion that preliminary crime scene investigation of street robberies committed against tourists on Durban’s Golden Mile was, for a variety of reasons, ineffective. Finally, based on the relevant literature as well as the findings of the study, a number of recommendations will be put forward.

Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) é um modelo animal de depressão no qual ratos são submetidos a um protocolo de estressores moderados de forma crônica. Em função disso, o consumo e preferência por água com sacarose diminuem. Tal redução costuma ser considerada uma medida de anedonia, sintoma central da depressão em humanos. Três estudos realizados no Laboratório do Programa de Estudos Pós- Graduados em Psicologia Experimental da PUC-SP demonstraram que esse efeito é atenuado pela exposição a uma condição operante em esquema concorrente FR água FR sacarose. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar se a submissão a uma condição operante que envolvesse diferentes estímulos reforçadores teria o mesmo efeito. Para isso, as seguintes condições experimentais foram propostas: 1) exposição a um protocolo de estressores por seis semanas; 2) testes semanais de consumo de água e água + 2% sacarose; 3) sessões operantes. Dos nove sujeitos utilizados, quatroforam expostos também a uma condição na qual a resposta de pressão à barra foi consequenciada com acesso à roda de atividades, dois a uma condição na qual a resposta de pressão à barra foi consequenciada com uma pelota de alimento em FR6 e dois em FR12. Como resultado, observou-se que no sujeito submetido somente aos estressores (sujeito 09) foi replicado mais uma vez o efeito de redução no consumo de solução de sacarose. Esse efeito não pode ser observado em nenhum dos sujeitos submetidos às sessões operantes durante a exposição. Observou-se uma queda somente no primeiro teste após o término dessa, indicando que possivelmente a submissão a essas afetou o efeito tradicionalmente observado em decorrência da exposição ao protocolo de estressores. Tais resultados corroboram e ampliam os estudos anteriores. Nas sessões operantes, observou-se redução na taxa de respostas na quinta semana de exposição para os sujeitos em FR12 (02 e 03) e na quinta ou sexta para o sujeitos em FR6 (01 e 04). O desempenho na roda de atividades pareceu ficar sob controle da alteração no peso corporal (sujeitos 05 a 09). É possível que a exposição à condição operante tenha atenuado os efeitos do protocolo de estressores e a redução no valor reforçador dos estímulos tenha sido retardada e/ou observada em condições com maior custo de resposta.
Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) is an animal model of depression. Chronic exposure of rats to a protocol of mild stressors produces decrease in sucrose intake and reduction in the preference for sucrose over water, which is considered as a measure of anhedonia, a core symptom of depression. Three Brazilian studies from PUC-SP showed that the additional exposure of rats to operant sessions using FR water FR sucrose concurrent schedule of reinforcement attenuates this effect. The objective of this study was to investigate if the submission to operant conditions that involves other reinforcers would also attenuate the decrease in sucrose consumption. Three experimental conditions were proposed: 1) exposure to a protocol of mild stressors for six weeks; 2) weekly tests of water and water + 2% sucrose intake; 3) operant sessions. Subject 09 was exposed only to conditions (1) and (2). Eight subjects were submitted to conditions (1), (2) and (3): access to a running-wheel served as reinforcer, in CRF, for subjects 05, 06, 07 and 08 and food was the reinforcer for other four subjects: 01 and 04 were submitted to a FR6 schedule of reinforcement and 02 and 03 to a FR12 schedule of reinforcement. It was observed that the subject 09, that was submitted only to stressors showed, again, a decrease in sucrose consumption and preference. The other eight subjects did not show this effect. A decrease in sucrose consumption was noted only in the first test after exposure to the protocol. These results suggest that submission to these operant conditions affected the traditional effect of the exposure to mild stressors and it corroborates and amplifies previous studies. During operant conditions, it was observed that lever presses decreased during fifth week of exposure to stressors for subjects responding on FR12 and during fifth or sixth week for subjects responding on FR6. Performance on running wheel changed according to body weight. It is possible that exposure to these operant conditions diminished the stressors effects and that the decrease in the reinforcing value of these stimuli was delayed and/ or observed under conditions with higher response cost.

Domestic secondary wood products manufacturers are losing their competitive edge in the global economy. Foreign competition is steadily gaining market-share due to decreased labor costs. While domestic operations can not compete with labor costs available to foreign manufacturers, they may be able to remain competitive through product lead time reduction and on-time delivery to the final customer. Pull based manufacturing is one technique to reduce lead time increase on-time delivery. Value stream mapping was used in this project to evaluate a furniture rough mill located in Virginia to assess the current state, as well as develop 2 future state value streams. The current state evaluation found the system to be yield driven and production was based on a forecast. The lead time for internal nightstand components in the current state was found to be 15.1 hours. Using pull production and supermarket methodology in proposed future states, it was found that the lead time could be reduced to 7.5 hours. Lead times could be reduced by eliminating yield increasing non-value added activities currently in place which not only increase lead time, but also manufacturing waste as defined by lean manufacturing concepts. A cost analysis found that the labor and overhead costs associated with yield increasing activities in the current state outweighed the costs of a decreased yield measurement in the future state. While this project was limited to one rough mill and one product family of a lesser valued wood species it represents what is possible for assisting secondary manufacturers to remain competitive. The once successful traditional yield driven rough mill does not guarantee internal customer satisfaction and in this project is not cost effective. Future research should focus on the implications of the furniture rough mill's inability to meet downstream demand to internal customers.
Master of Science

The steel production is a highly capital and energy intensive industry that due to recent raw materials’ price increase and lowered demand, it has been squeezed and forced to look more deeply on how to add value to the customer at lower operative costs. The project was carried out on site at the ArcelorMittal’s millin Esch-Belval, Luxembourg which comprises an integrated melt shop, continuous casting plant and the rolling mill with the objectives of proposing optimization rules for the cold sector of the rolling mill and to analyze the impact of the future truckbay shipment area. The course of action followed was to draw a Value Stream Map (VSM) in order to understand the plants’ current status and serve as a roadmap to build a discrete event simulation model that after its validation, served as a support tool to analyze what-if scenarios. Similarly, a current status analysis of the  shipment/stock area was conducted collecting statistics about potential truckshipments and finally proposing a series of recommendations for its operation. The main proposed solutions to optimize the rolling mill’s cold sector were:(a) Integer programming model to globally optimize the scrap level when cutting the mother beams to customer size beams. (b) Updating pacemaker parameters and (c) Local process time improvements. Concerning the future truck loading, the simulation model was used as a support tool to dimension the transition area between the cranes’ and forklift operations resulting in a 6-9 bundles buffer capacity. Additionally, the current length-based storage policy was found to have competitive objectives so a turnover class-based storage policy is proposed with A, B, C classes which should provide an improved organization of the stock and travel distance of the cranes. The evaluation of the cranes’ performance remains an issue since there are currently no objective measures like, for instance, travelled distance. Optical measuring devices are suggested as one option to have a performance indicator that would help further investigate root cause problems in the shipping/stock area.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka socionomers uppfattning om förhållningssättet i arbetet med lindrigt utvecklingsstörda föräldrar. Studien syftar även till att undersöka om variationen i förhållningssättet är kopplat till organisation och yrkesroll. Materialet bestod av sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med socionomer från tre olika organisationer som arbetar med föräldrar som har lindrig utvecklingsstörning. Dessa var Vuxenhabiliteringen, LSS- verksamheter och Individ- och familjeomsorgen. I studien genomfördes en telefonintervju med en forskare som har expertkunskaper kring utvecklingsarbetet för föräldrar med lindrig utvecklingsstörning.  Forskarens fokus kopplas till socionomernas upplevelser av arbetet, organisationens roll i arbetet samt betydelsen av samverkan.  Studien syftade till att analysera resultatet utifrån två teoretiska perspektiv. Dessa är Gräsrotsbyråkrati samt Människobehandlande organisationer.  Resultatet i studien visar på att socionomerna i dessa organisationer har olika förhållningssätt beroende på den verksamhet som de arbetar i samt den yrkesroll de har i organisationen. Studien indikerade även hur dessa organisationer påverkar föräldraskapet hos lindrigt utvecklingsstörda föräldrar.
The aim of this study was to describe and analyse social workers’ approach in working with parents with mild intellectual disability. The study intends to find out if work approach is related to position and type of organisation. The data consists of six semi structured interviews with social workers from three different organisations that in work meet parents with mild intellectual disability. These organisations were Vuxenhabiliteringen, LSS and Individ- and Familjeomsorgen. In addition, an interview with a researcher that has expert knowledge in development for parents with mild intellectual disability was done. In the analysis the experiences of social workers were linked to organizational tasks and importance of cooperation. The study purposed to analyse the result from two theoretical perspectives; street- level bureaucracy and human-service organisations. The result shows that social workers in the organisations have different approaches dependent on what organisation they work in and the role and working tasks they have in work. The study also indicated how the organisations and their tasks affected the parenthood for persons with mild intellectual disabled parents.

This dissertation begins with proposing a novel street Connectivity Indicator (C.I.) to predict transit performance by identifying the role that street network connectivity plays in influencing the service quality of demand responsive feeder transit services. This new C.I. definition is dependent upon the expected shortest path between any two nodes in the network, includes spatial features with transit demand distribution information and is easy to calculate for any given service area. Subsequently, a methodology to identify and locate critical links within a grid street system for operating feeder transit services is also developed. A 'critical' street link causes the largest change in transit performance due to the link's removal or addition to an existing network. The most important contribution of this section on link criticality is to present a simple closed-form analytical formula in locating the critical link(s) for a grid street network system of 'any' size. Easily computable formulas have been provided and validated by simulation analyses. Another related model is proposed to compute the optimal grid street spacing that would enhance performance of a demand responsive feeder transit system. The model is tested using simulation. Lastly, an analytical model is also developed for estimating optimal service cycle length or headway of a demand responsive feeder transit service designed to serve passengers, especially during peak periods of demand. Simulation analyses over a range of networks have been conducted to validate the new C.I. definition. Results show a desirable monotonic relationship between transit performance and the proposed C.I., whose values are directly proportional and therefore good predictors of the transit performance, outperforming other available indicators, typically used by planners. Further, useful insights indicate a monotonic decrease in link criticality as we depart from the centrally located links to those located at boundaries. Using a real case example from Denver of the Call-n-Ride system operating similar to a demand responsive feeder transit, optimal cycle lengths differed very modestly from those computed using the model. Extensive simulations performed for different sets of feeder service areas and demand densities, further validated the optimal cycle length model.

碩士
國立成功大學
水利及海洋工程學系碩博士班
95
The mild-slope equation was derived using stream function method. A numerical model was developed by means of finite element method to simulate wave deformation over different types of sea bottom. Computational cases including Booij’s ramp, parabolic mound and sinusoidal bed were used to test the accuracy and valid range of the present model. The model is also applied to a series of submerged breakwaters for describing Bragg resonance of water waves. Comparison of the numerical results with experiments shows that the present model is in a good agreement with experimental data.

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Saúde
Depression is a multidimensional psychiatric disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. In order to unveil the pathophysiology of this disorder, increasing significance is being given to the study of the abnormal neurotransmission in brain areas affected in depression. Particularly, glutamatergic excitotoxicity has been suggested as one of the possible process underlying the installation of the disease. Previous studies have suggested that glutamate release is increased in depressed subjects. Additionally, the β-lactamic antibiotic ceftriaxone (CEF) was described to increase glutamate uptake by the glutamate transporter GLT-1 (expressed mainly in astrocytes), preventing cellular damage. Taking these findings into account, the main goal of this work was to understand whether CEF-triggered enhancement of glutamate uptake might be used to prevent or reverse the deleterious effects of glutamatergic excitotoxicity in an animal model of depression, the unpredictable chronic mild stress (uCMS). For this, animals were subdivided in two different main sets - Prevention and Treatment. Different groups of animals were administered either with CEF and/or two antidepressants (ADs; fluoxetine and imipramine). CEF administration, at an early stage, prevented the installation of depressive-like behavior, yet it failed to reverse the installed depressive phenotype induced by uCMS exposure. CEF seems to reverse partially the cognitive deficits caused by uCMS exposure. Analysis of the collected brain tissue revealed that the prevention of the depressive-like behavior was correlated with an increased GLT-1 gene expression in the ventral hippocampus and with an increased expression of GLT-1 transporter in the dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Morphological analyses disclosed neuronal atrophy of the DG granule neurons in the dorsal DG after uCMS exposure, which was prevented by CEF administration. These results suggest that CEF administration promotes GLT-1 transporter up-regulation, which may prevent excitotoxicity processes at glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus, thus preventing the installation of the depressive-like behaviors triggered by uCMS. These observations elucidate the potential use of CEF, or similar drugs, in the prevention of depressive behavior, paving the way for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
A depressão é uma doença psiquiátrica que afeta milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Na tentativa de compreender os mecanismos fisiopatológicos da doença, a comunidade científica tem-se dedicado ao estudo de defeitos na neurotransmissão em áreas cerebrais afetadas na doença. Em particular, a excitotoxicidade glutamatérgica tem sido sugerida como um processo subjacente à instalação da doença. Estudos anteriores verificaram que a libertação de glutamato está aumentada em indivíduos deprimidos. Neste contexto, foi também descrito que o antibiótico β-lactâmico ceftriaxona (CEF) aumenta a captação de glutamato pelo transportador GLT-1 (expresso principalmente em astrócitos), prevenindo os danos celulares. Considerando estas observações, o objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender se o aumento da captação de glutamato desencadeado pela CEF poderá prevenir ou reverter os efeitos deletérios da excitotoxicidade glutamatérgica num modelo animal de depressão, de exposição crónica ao stress (uCMS). De acordo com o objectivo, os animais foram divididos em dois grupos principais – Prevenção e Tratamento. A diferentes subgrupos de animais foram administrados CEF e/ou dois antidepressivos (fluoxetina e imipramina). A administração de CEF preveniu o desenvolvimento do comportamento depressivo, no entanto foi ineficaz na reversão deste fenótipo já instalado após exposição crónica a stress. Adicionalmente, a CEF parece reverter parcialmente os défices de cognição induzidos pelo uCMS. Análises do tecido cerebral dos animais revelaram uma correlação entre a prevenção do comportamento depressivo e a expressão do gene GLT-1 no hipocampo ventral e do transportador GLT-1 no girus denteado (GD) dorsal. A avaliação da morfologia dos neurónios granulares do GD revelou que a CEF foi capaz de prevenir a atrofia dendrítica no GD dorsal provocada pela exposição ao stress. Estes resultados sugerem que a administração de CEF estimula a expressão de GLT-1, prevenindo os eventos excitotóxicos nas sinapses glutamatérgicas no hipocampo e o consequente desenvolvimento do comportamento depressivo causado pela exposição ao stress crónico. Estas observações indicam um potencial efeito da CEF ou de outros fármacos que promovam a expressão do GLT-1, na prevenção do desenvolvimento de comportamento depressivo, abrindo caminho para o desenvolvimento de novas possibilidades terapêuticas.

The stellar halo of the Milky Way is populated by mostly old and metal-poor stars. As dynamical timescales are of order ~Gyrs at these large distances, accreted stellar substructures, such as dwarf galaxies or globular clusters, survive here as coherent entities longer than anywhere else in the Galaxy. These substructures represent our “fossil record” which can be used to reconstruct the Galaxy’s complex past. In this work, we seek to identify the structures found in the far reaches of the stellar halo as a step towards a correct interpretation of this fossil record. The advent of all-sky surveys in the Gaia era has ignited a prosperous period for this field of Galactic archaeology, but exploring the distant Milky Way (>10 kpc) with Gaia is difficult. Parallax measurements are much less accurate beyond the Solar neighborhood, though Gaia’s proper motions remain useful out to large radii. To push Gaia into the distant Galaxy, we combined these astrometric data with u-band photometry from the Canada-France Imaging Survey (CFIS). We exploited CFIS’ excellent photometric quality and depth (which extends 3 magnitudes deeper than that of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey) to use blue horizontal branch stars (BHBs) as a tracer population with well-measured distances. We first examined the distribution of BHBs using the OPTICS (Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure) clustering algorithm to visualize the hierarchical nature of outer halo substructure. We then identified several well-known satellites, including a group of stars in the vicinity of a distant globular cluster (NGC 5466). Analysis of their kinematics suggested a few of these BHBs outside the cluster’s tidal radius were co-moving with NGC 5466, implying they may be tidal debris from this system. Interestingly, a stream had previously been detected extending from this globular cluster. However, its properties had not been studied in the decade since its discovery, and previous dynamical models were unable to reproduce many of the reported features. As one of the (allegedly) longest globular cluster streams on the sky - and given its distance and utility to constrain the Milky Way’s mass at large Galactic radius - we sought to explore this structure further. We subsequently used red giant branch stars (RGBs) identified in CFIS to try to better quantify the characteristics of the putative stream. We were able to filter these data and obtain a sample of stars that are fully consistent with stream membership and which span approximately 31 degrees of sky. Combined with the BHBs, we used these populations to trace the path of the stream, its distance and distance gradient across the stream’s longitude, and additionally estimated a lower limit to the stream’s luminosity. Our measurements suggest that the stream is at least 11% of the luminosity of the cluster. We then compared our observational data to dynamical models, which showed generally good agreement with the observed stream. This success reflects the updated properties of data measured in this work, and the inclusion of new data (especially proper motions). Our model suggests that the pericenter and apocenter of NGC 5466's orbit are 6.4 and 43 kpc, respectively, resulting in a very eccentric orbit (ε = 0.74). We also find evidence that the cluster experienced a recent interaction (within the past ~100 Myrs) with the Galactic disk, suggesting that the primary source of mass loss in this system may be caused by disk-shocking. The NGC 5466 stellar stream also exhibits an interesting heliocentric gradient in the leading arm, which our simplistic spherical halo model does not fully reproduce. Dynamical experiments with various halo shapes fit to this stream will prove interesting for future work. For local cosmology in particular, long, thin, dynamically cold stellar streams are ideal systems for constraining properties of the Milky Way’s dark matter halo, and streams at large radius are especially useful for measuring the Galaxy's mass interior to the stream. In this respect, we anticipate that NGC 5466 will be exceptionally useful as a probe of the shape, mass, and dark substructure of the Milky Way's distant dark matter halo.
Graduate

L'effet de la rétention variable du peuplier faux-tremble (Populus tremuloides Michx) sur la croissance de l'épinette noire (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) ainsi que sur le recouvrement, la composition et la diversité des espèces de la strate de sous-bois est évalué dans ce mémoire. Les bénéfices en termes de transmission de la lumière et d'enrichissement de la litière qu'entraîne la présence de peuplier faux-tremble dans un peuplement pourraient influencer positivement la croissance de l'épinette noire. Par contre, la croissance rapide du peuplier limite celle d'autres espèces d'arbres à ses côtés, en particulier les essences à croissance plus lente comme l'épinette noire. Pour les sylviculteurs il est donc important de trouver quelle densité de peupliers doit être maintenue dans le parterre de coupe pour contrecarrer les impacts négatifs du conifère sur le cycle des éléments nutritifs et la productivité du peuplement. Une quantité adéquate de feuillus constituerait un équilibre entre les effets positifs sur le sol favorisant la croissance de l'épinette et les effets négatifs découlant de la possibilité de compétition pour les ressources entre les deux espèces. Un dispositif expérimental a été mis en place en Abitibi-Témiscamingue où les mesures dendrométriques prises sur les épinettes ont permis d'évaluer les variations de croissance rencontrées chez les jeunes conifères (environ 20 ans) selon un gradient naturel de présence de peuplier faux-tremble dans le milieu. Ensuite, par l'emploi d'une éclaircie précommerciale, un gradient de rétention du peuplier a été produit dans les parcelles expérimentales (n = 45) afin d'évaluer selon quelles proportions la présence du feuillu peut être bénéfique pour la croissance du résineux. Ainsi, quatre densités résiduelles différentes de tiges de peuplier par hectare ont été créées: 0, 65, 130 et 195 tiges/hectare. Les résultats d'études antérieures proposent qu'à l'échelle du peuplement, le volume marchand total des épinettes matures est augmenté par la présence de peupliers dans des proportions plus basses que 41 % de la surface terrière totale. Qu'en est-il pour des jeunes peuplements? L'effet positif du peuplier faux-tremble peut-il déjà se faire ressentir après une vingtaine d'années? Il semble que le peuplier aurait un effet facilitant sur les composantes du sol affectant ainsi positivement la croissance de l'épinette noire. Par contre, l'absence de compétition entre les arbres avant l'application de l'éclaircie précommerciale n'a pu mettre en évidence un impact du gradient de rétention du feuillu sur la croissance du conifère. L'épinette noire n'est probablement pas la seule espèce à pouvoir profiter des effets positifs de la présence de peupliers dans le peuplement. Ainsi, le deuxième volet de l'étude porte sur l'effet de la densité variable du peuplier sur la composition, le recouvrement et la diversité de la strate de sous-bois. Des relevés de pourcentage de recouvrement (8 quadrats de 1m x 1m/ parcelle) des espèces bryophytes et vasculaires (incluant toutes celles mesurant moins de 1m de hauteur) ont été effectués dans les parcelles expérimentales (n = 45). Il est donc possible de déterminer si les espèces du sous-bois ont été influencées par la plus grande quantité de lumière qualité et la quantité de litière au sol. Étant donné la récupération du milieu face aux activités forestières antérieures, à court terme, la strate inférieure n'a démontré aucune réaction en termes de composition, de recouvrement ou de diversité face au changement de présence de peuplier faux-tremble dans le milieu. À long terme, les effets positifs ou négatifs de la coexistence entre différentes quantités de peupliers faux-tremble, l'épinette noire et les espèces de sous-bois pourront être observés grâce au dispositif expérimental mis en place. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Épinette noire, Peuplier faux-tremble, Croissance, Sous-bois.