Tesi sul tema "Milieux ionisés"
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Boubert, Pascal. "Méthodes spectroscopiques appliquées aux plasmas et aux milieux à haute enthalpie". Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES056.
Testo completoGaouar, Adil. "Théorie cinétique et données de base des électrons dans les plasmas non thermiques : application aux milieux d'excitation des lasers à excimères". Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30287.
Testo completoLanza, Mathieu. "Collisions inélastiques et réactives pour les milieux astrophysiques et pour les plasmas froids : théorie et modélisation". Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0008/document.
Testo completoThe determination of the physical conditions in energetic media such as interstellar molecular clouds and cold plasmas (temperature, gas density, molecular abundance) requires the knowlegde of collisional rate coefficients of molecules in collisions with the dominant species which are e, H, He and H2. In this context, quantum chemistry calculations and collisional dynamics were performed for HCl in collision with He and H2 and the electron-ion collisions for BeH+ (and its isotopes) and H2+ were studied. The consequences of these calculations on the energetic media are presented
Boffelli, Jeoffrey. "Cοllisiοns réactives entre électrοns et catiοns d'hydrures : apprοches théοriques et applicatiοns dans les milieux iοnisés hοrs-équilibre". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH19.
Testo completoElectron-impact collisions of molecules are present in cold ionized media such as interstellar clouds, planetary atmospheres and cold plasma. With enough energy to move about and escape from capture, electrons collide and react with other species in their environment forming precursors of more complex molecules and destroying species, allowing for redistribution of energy and material. Experimental and theoretical researchers are working hand-in-hand to continuously improve their respective ability to probe and to describe the kinetic of such media. Experimental devices such as storage-rings (e.g. CSR) are now able to produce measurements with state-to-state resolution. On the other hand, theoretical studies are not restricted by physical (e.g. finance) or chemical (e.g. toxicity) limitations while still being time-consuming. This work is about two theoretical approaches and their applications to investigate different processes for three diatomic molecular cations. Firstly, we extend our group previous dissociative recombination study of SH+ by accounting for more dissociative states (coming from the 4Π neutral symmetry), by producing branching ratios and by calculating vibrational excitation cross sections and rate coefficients (using the SW-MQDT approach). While the rotational structure of the molecule is neglected and should be investigated in a future work, good agreement is found with the storage-ring measurements for the yields from the dissociative recombination process. Secondly, we also extend our group previous low energy study BeH+ to high energy including the dissociative excitation process through discretized ionization continua and by accounting for higher-lying dissociative states, allowing the production of cross sections and rate coefficients for the dissociative recombination, dissociative excitation and vibrational transitions (using the SW-MQDT approach). Finally, we investigate the dissociative recombination of CF+ using a different approach called RMT-MQDT, where electronic couplings and neutral dissociative states do not need to be explicitly calculated, based on R-matrix theory to calculate the electronic fixed-geometry scattering matrix and based also on MQDT theory --- for the treatment of the nuclear motion (frame transformation) and accounting for the Rydberg series of states (quantum defect with CCEP). Good agreement is found with the storage-ring experiment when accounting for the rotational structure of the molecule
Béquin, Philippe. "Modèles de sources acoustiques à gaz ionisé". Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1018.
Testo completoBrahimi, Loann. "Transport du rayonnement cosmique dans le milieu interstellaire faiblement ionisé". Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS048.
Testo completoCosmic rays play a fundamental role in the dynamics of the galaxy. The way it is injected into the interstellar medium and the processes it can impact over is an active research branch of Astrophysics. Although supernova remnants are thought to be the main cosmic ray accelerators there is no actual model for their injection that can efficiently explain their spectral distribution as observed on Earth and that can be validated by observations at high energy. Moreover, the effects of cosmic rays on the turbulent dynamic of the weakly ionized interstellar medium and in particular the galactic star formation rate stay unknown.In this thesis I have developed an injection and transport model for cosmic rays in the energy range 1 GeV to 100 TeV. The particles escape from Ia type supernovae remnants and propagate in the weakly ionized interstellar medium. This process is studied using a new 1D transport code called : CR SPECTRA. Having escaped from the remnant, cosmic rays drive magnetic turbulence at scales corresponding to their gyration radius which contribute to confine the particles close to the accelerator. Molecular clouds in the environment of the source represent preferential targets to probe the cosmic ray content using gamma-ray telescopes.In a second work, I have modeled the interactions of cosmic rays with a weakly ionized, thermally bi-stable interstellar medium using the 3D MHD code RAMSES. Cosmic rays transport properties are intimately linked with those of magnetic turbulence. In particular, I showed that under certain conditions, cosmic rays can prevent dense structures formations and can potentially contribute to reduce the star formation rate in the galaxy
MAITIA, VERONIQUE. "Extension du programme de chronometrage des pulsars millisecondes a nancay. Application cosmologique et etudes du milieu interstellaire ionise". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077097.
Testo completoGENSOARMES, FRANCOIS. "Les processus de charge electrique : _ des aerosols non radioactifs en milieu fortement ionise, _ des aerosols radioactifs artificiels emetteurs beta". Paris 12, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA120031.
Testo completoPorquet, Delphine. "Étude du milieu fortement ionisé dans les noyaux actifs de galaxies ("Warm Absorber") : modélisation multi-longueurs d'onde et diagnostics de plasmas dans le domaine des rayons X". Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066413.
Testo completoVassal, Marie-Cécile. "Etude et miniaturisation d'un analyseur basse fréquence destiné à la correction de l'effet Doppler à bord d'une sonde en mouvement rapide par rapport au milieu étudié : application à la mission "Solar Probe"". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001VERS0029.
Testo completoJASZAY, THIERRY. "Electrochimie en milieu aqueux a haute temperature et sous pression des materiaux passivables. Adaptation des techniques stationnaires et non stationnaires. Application au titane en milieu chlorure et au nickel, allie ou non, en milieu faiblement ionise des generateurs de vapeur". Nantes, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NANT2026.
Testo completoGagnon, Éric. "Modélisation de la turbulence dans des ecoulements de plasma en milieu industriel /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1996. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Testo completoNancib, Nabil. "Cinétiques et modélisations concernant la mise en œuvre sur milieu complexe d'une Escherichia coli recombinée productrice de glycéraldéhyde-3-phosphate déshydrogénase". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL040N.
Testo completoPoye, Alexandre. "Dynamique des ilots magnétiques en présence de feuille de courant et en milieu turbulent". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4793/document.
Testo completoThe fusion plasma stability is a critical point for the developpement of newenergy source. The interaction between the plasma and the magnetic field can drive to the confinement descrution : it is a disruption. The topic of this thesis is the magnetic island, one of disruption causes. Those magnetic islands are observed theoretically and numerically. The theory can predict the growth and the final size of magnetic islands, but restrictions of its validity range are strong and they decorrelate the experimental and theoritical validity domain. In the first part, we show that the dynamic method of magnetic island control, based on the link between the island size and the perturbed magnetic flux at the resonance, should take in account the modification of the magnetic flux averaged along the field line. We show aswell the limitation of our assertion (magnetic island coalescence, X point collapse ...). The second part of the thesis address a new effet du to the current on sides of the magnetic island. This effect changes the magnetic island dynamics and the perception we got on it. Until now, the magnetic island dynamics have been studied through active mechanisms at the resonance. We show that the presence of current on sides can play an important role on the growth and saturation of the magnetic island. The last part of thesis details how the turbulence on the outskirts of a magnetic island can affect the island growth. We show that a turbulence generate by an interchange instability can penetrate into a stable zone concerning tearing mode and induce by a 3D mechanisme the growth of an magnetic island
Mekkaoui, Mohamed. "Transport des atomes et des molécules dans les plasmas fluctuants de bord des machines de fusion". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4784/document.
Testo completoEdge plasma of tokamaks manifests high level of fluctuations amplitude (>50%). It has been demonstrated that such a fluctuations affect significantly the transport of neutral particles, and in particular the slow particles as molecules and sputtered impurities. That is their penetration depth in the plasma is enhanced in the average. Then turbulent fluctuations are now implemented in the monte carlo transport code EIRENE used for the design of ITER
Castillon, Quentin. "Contribution à l’étude du soudage MIG-MAG sous mélanges Ar-CO₂-O₂ : diagnostics physiques et physico-chimiques du milieu". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2026.
Testo completoThe arc welding with consumable wire is a process widely used, but understanding the mechanisms governing its operation still has some questions given its complexity. The composition of the shielding gas has a very strong influence on the process: the addition of active gas changes, for example, the current necessary for the transition between the different metal transfers and is responsible for the appearance of an iron oxide (gangue) at the end of the consumable wire. To carry out the study of MIG-MAG welding under mixtures Ar-CO₂-O₂, several studies are performed to characterize and understand the physical and chemical phenomena that govern the MIG-MAG welding to optimize the process. A spectroscopic diagnosis, with the establishment of an acquisition system consisting of two spectrometers to record simultaneously the iron and argon spectral lines, allows to estimate the radial distributions of temperature and electron density in the plasma column. A study by rapid cinematography is also conducted to try to estimate the formation and flow of the iron oxide layer appearing in globular regime on the surface of the anode consumable. And finally, micrographic analyzes of the electrodes are made to study the influence of chemical and structural changes on the general behavior of the process for different types of parameters used. The consequences of a shielding gas change are also apprehended: Ar-CO₂, Ar-O₂ and Ar-CO₂-O₂. It turns out that the electron temperature of the arc changes in the presence of oxygen in the shielding gas and the change of the active gas modifies the type of iron oxide formed
Liu, Bo. "Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma interacting with water for biological applications". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX049/document.
Testo completoNon-Thermal-Plasmas (NTP) produced by electric discharges are weakly ionized gases, which keeps the gas temperature at near room temperature contrary to the electron temperature which can reach several electron-Volts. Applications of NTP to medicine and agriculture are new multidisciplinary research fields based on interactions of the Non-Thermal-Plasmas with living organisms. Electric field as well as Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species produced by NTP may inactivate bacteria, stimulate skin regeneration (dermatology), tumor reduction (oncology) and seeds germination (agriculture). These new fields of research are based on the plasma-liquid chemistry. The objective of this work is to study the NTP interacting with water for biological applications including on one hand, the promotion of the germination of seeds using a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) and on the other hand, the effect of a plasma jet treatment ex vivo on skinThis manuscript is divided in five chapters: i) First a literature review is presented showing the state of the art of the plasma-liquid interaction, and the main advances of the application of non thermal plasmas to seed germination. Ii) Second, experimental set ups are described, in particular the manufacturing of plasma reactors using 3D printing. Iii) then , the production of gaseous and aqueous reactive species formed by DBD plasmas was measured quantitatively and plasma-liquid interaction was analyzed. Iv) Next, different varieties of seeds were selected to evaluate the effect of a DBD plasma treatment and the study of the mechanisms of plasma germination promotion was specifically investigated by treating mung bean seeds in different discharge conditions, in different mediums, in electric field alone and in different hydration levels of seeds.v) Finally, Muller parametric imaging (MPI) was applied to study the modification of ex vivo mice skin treated by a helium jet plasma