Tesi sul tema "Microscopie à mélange à quatre ondes"
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Bioud, Fatma Zohra. "Microscopie de mélange à quatre ondes résolue en polarisation pour sonder l’ordre moléculaire dans les milieux biologiques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4380.
Testo completoThe capacity to quantify molecular orientational order in tissues is of a great interest since pathologies (skin lesion, neurodegenerative diseases, etc) can induce strong modifications in proteins’ organization. While numerous studies have been undertaken using polarization resolved second order nonlinear optical microscopy which is only specific to non-centrosymmetric organizations, higher order effects have been less explored. Four-wave mixing (FWM) microscopy and its resonant counterpart coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) can be of a great utility as label free diagnosis tools benefiting from less constraining symmetry rules. In this work, we implement incident polarizations tuning in FWM and CARS microscopy to probe molecular order, using a generic method to read-out symmetry information.Fourier analysis of the polarization-resolved FWM/CARS signal processed with an analytical model provides a fast and direct determination of the symmetry orders of the distribution function of the probed molecules. This method does not require a priori knowledge of the organization structure and provides quantitatively its second and fourth order symmetries. We applied this technique on different systems, from crystalline to less organized (multilamellar vesicles and proteins aggregates). We show that this new approach brings additional and more refined information on supra-molecular structures in complex media
Munhoz, Fabiana. "Microscopie de mélange à quatre ondes résolue en polarisation: lecture des symétries structurales et vibrationnelles dans les milieux moléculaires". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557684.
Testo completoIslam, Md Samiul. "Coherent ultrafast spectroscopy of excitons in Van der Waals materials". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAE011.
Testo completoIn this thesis, based on an original development of ultrafast four wave mixing microscopy, the firstdirect measurement of excitonic coherence dynamics in rhenium disulfide was obtained. Theseresults demonstrated a unique robustness of excitonic coherence compared to other Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials. The potential for controlling the intrinsic properties of excitons in van der Waals (vdW) materials was explored in innovative two-dimensional assemblies. In particular, the impact of graphene in the excitonic environment of a heterostructure on the dynamic properties of these excitons has been investigated. Finally, a significant step towards understanding and engineering the optical properties of single photon emitting defects in hBN has been achieved
Bonneau, Marie. "Mélange à quatre ondes atomique dans un réseau optique". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665955.
Testo completoLe, Bihan Eric. "Mélange à deux ondes et mélange à quatre ondes dans la vapeur de sodium : effets d'auto-oscillation". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066235.
Testo completoRomanelli, Marco. "Mélange à quatre ondes de polaritons dans des microcavités semi-conductrices". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011935.
Testo completoNous avons d'abord effectué des expériences dans le régime d'oscillation paramétrique de polaritons, dans la configuration d'«angle magique».
Nous avons ensuite mis en évidence un phénomène d'oscillation de mélange à quatre ondes, sous excitation résonnante par deux faisceaux de pompe contrapropageants. L'étude de la polarisation de l'émission non linéaire permet d'avoir accès à la dynamique de spin des polaritons. La mesure du bruit d'intensité de l'émission montre que le processus de mélange à quatre ondes produit deux populations de polaritons fortement corrélées.
Enfin, nous avons effectué une étude théorique du mélange à quatre ondes, afin de préciser les conditions qui permettraient d'observer des polaritons corrélés quantiquement.
Romanelli, Marco. "Mélange à quatre ondes de polaritonsss dans des microcavités semi-conductrices". Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011935.
Testo completoSévigny, Benoit. "Fibres à cristaux photoniques et génération d'ultraviolets par mélange à quatre ondes". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10176/document.
Testo completoThe main objective of this thesis is, firstly, to study the generation of ultraviolet light in photonic crystal fibers through four-wave mixing of a 532 nm pump, in particular in the presence of dispersion fluctuations due to the fabrication process and by exploring different pumping schemes; secondly, the aim was to develop a versatile analysis method of the modal content of multimode fibers.We used stochastic calculus to model the expected gain value of four-wave mixing as a function of the fluctuations of the fiber drawing process. Furthermore, alternative pumping schemes were studied to aim at producing high-quality UV beams.While studying the impact of stochastic fluctuations of the fiber drawing process, we confirmed that phase-matching points showing an invariance with respect to scale fluctuations should indeed provide maximum gain at that point, even for very large frequency detunings with respect to the pump. Concerning the generation of UV light with very high beam quality, we have isolated a pumping scheme in which the pump is split across two spatial modes of a photonic crystal fiber and take advantage of the phase-matching condition of the averaged pump dispersion of the two pump modes. We have shown experimentally that this process can produce ultraviolet light in the fundamental mode. Finally, the elaboration of an advanced multivariate statistical analysis method applied to inter-modal interference allowed one to separate, in a semi-automatic fashion, all the interferences and reconstruct the mode envelopes and modal power distribution without any of the hypotheses required by other methods
Grandclement, Didier. "Oscillation de cavités par mélange à deux et quatre ondes en régime continu". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011859.
Testo completoMaitre, Agnès. "Instabilités crées par mélange à quatre ondes dans une vapeur atomique. Chaos et morphogénèse". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011896.
Testo completoRougemont, Frédéric de. "Interactions non linéaires intracavité : diffusion raman stimulée et mélange à quatre ondes quasidégénérées en fréquence". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112102.
Testo completoGaudillat, Valentine. "Étude du mélange à quatre ondes sensible à la phase dans les fibres faiblement multimodes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS028.
Testo completoIn recent years, the demand for bandwidth in telecommunications has significantly increased. To maintain a considerable lead, it is essential to improve existing networks and develop more efficient new infrastructures. Consequently, the networks of the future could be composed of few-mode fibers to increase the number of independent channels within the same fiber. It would then be necessary transferring optical functions, already demonstrated in current networks such as frequency conversion or phase regeneration. This thesis studies both numerically and experimentally phase-sensitive and phase-insensitive four-wave mixing in few-mode fibers. The simulations presented in this thesis are based on the multimode nonlinear Schrödinger equation implemented by a split-step Fourier method. The simulations have shown that intra- or inter-modal phase regeneration could be possible. Experimentally, the fiber used did not allow efficient implementation of four-wave mixing to perform this optical function. However, for the first time to our knowledge, we have experimentally demonstrated phase-sensitive four-wave mixing in the LP01 and LP11 modes of a few-mode fiber
Loubignac, Eric. "Etude du mélange à quatre ondes résonnant à deux couleurs dans les milieux en combustion : application aux composés azotés". Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS024.
Testo completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the feasability to measure the concentration of NO2 and N2O by non intrusive techniques in combustion media. The application of two-color resonant four-wave mixing (TC-RFWM) processes is investigated to probe these molecules. Two kinds of signals with very different properties are observed : a TC-RFWM signal and a LITG signal (Laser-Induced Thermal Grating). The properties of the TC-RFWM signal and the feasability of measuring the concentration of N2O by using this technique in the infrared range have been studied numerically. The sensibility of this technique is estimated in this particular case. A parametric study of the properties of the LITG signal and an experimental study devoted to the measurement of NO2 concentration at room temperature and in flames have been done. The behavior of LITG signal has been characterized versus many parameters. A sensibility of 20 ppm at 800 K has been obtained in a CH4/air diffusion flame
Ben, M'Sallem Yousra. "Commutation de packets optiques avec reconnaissance des étiquettes de poids-2 par mélange à quatre ondes". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25914/25914.pdf.
Testo completoGosset, Christophe. "Mélange à quatre ondes dans les structures semi-conductrices actives et ses applications à la regénération". Paris, ENST, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENST0035.
Testo completoData traffic growth leads to generalisation of fibre optic in telecommunication networks. Optical technologies allow to overcome physical limitations in electronic data processing for high speed (> 40 gbit/s) transmission. All-optical 3r regeneration will be one of the key functions in such future networks. Semiconductor devices appear to be adapted thanks to nanosecond scale radiative lifetime. We propose to use four-wave mixing properties in semiconductor amplifiers and lasers to achieve fundamental elements of 3r regeneration such as frames synchronisation, clock recovery and d-bascule
Huỳnh, Agnès. "Dynamique cohérente des polaritons de microcavité de semiconducteurs". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066415.
Testo completoBaillot, Maxime. "Mélange à quatre ondes multiple pour le traitement tout-optique du signal dans les fibres optiques non linéaires". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S068/document.
Testo completoFour-wave mixing is a phase-sensitive nonlinear effect that arouses interest, particularly in the fields of frequency comb generation and all-optical signal processing. As an example, frequency combs can be produced thanks to a cascaded four-wave mixing process. In this case, N waves can interact with each other through the optical Kerr effect, and one has to take into account all the possible interactions to be able to adequately model the process. During my PhD thesis, I was interested in modeling the so-called multiple four-wave mixing process, in which any number N of waves can interact with each other. I proposed a general formulation that allows to easily identify all the four-wave mixing terms originating from all the possible combinations of wave coupling and their associated phase-mismatch terms. I validated this approach through the theoretical and experimental study of a multiple four-wave mixing process in a nonlinear optical fiber. Thanks to the developed model, I then proposed a theoretical study of the phase-sensitive frequency conversion process, which permits to demultiplex the quadrature components of an optical signal. In the literature, this process was first experimentally demonstrated in several nonlinear devices using four pump waves. I demonstrated that only three pump waves were required to successfully perform the experiment, and I determined the simple analytical relations from which the adequate experimental parameters (namely, the amplitudes and phases of the pump waves) could be deduced. I finally validated this study by experimentally demonstrating a phase-sensitive frequency conversion process with only three pump waves, and I theoretically studied the influence of chromatic dispersion on the performance of this frequency converter. Finally, I characterized some chalcogenide microstructured optical fibers that were fabricated in the framework of a collaboration with Perfos, the Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, and SelenOptics. I set up a test bench based on the four-wave mixing process in order to measure the chromatic dispersion and nonlinear coefficient of some optical fibers
Buil, Stéphanie. "Séparation de phase induite par laser : étude de la dynamique aux temps courts en mélange à quatre ondes". Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10522.
Testo completoBervas, Hervé. "Etude du mélange dégénéré à quatre ondes appliqué aux diagnostics de milieux en combustion : Analyse du radical OH". Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA132018.
Testo completoBarbier, Margaux. "Génération de paires de photons corrélés par mélange à quatre ondes spontané dans des fibres microstructurées à coeur liquide". Thesis, Palaiseau, Institut d'optique théorique et appliquée, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IOTA0011/document.
Testo completoQuantum telecommunication technologies rely on correlated photon pair sources, which are often based on the third-order nonlinear process of spontaneous four-wave mixing in silica-core photonic crystal fibres. A fibred architecture is advantageous because it minimizes the coupling losses between the optical source and the other components of quantum communication networks. Moreover, using a photonic crystal fibre rather than a conventional silica fibre offers the possibility of improving the photon generation (thanks to a small effective core area) and extending the wavelength coverage (thanks to dispersion management through the microstructuration design). However, the performances of silica-core photonic crystal fibre sources are limited in terms of quantum purity, because of the ubiquitous spontaneous Raman scattering process, which is a source of uncorrelated broadband noise photons in silica. We propose an original solution to this Raman problem by replacing the silica core by a liquid core, thanks to a hollow-core photonic crystal fibre filled with a nonlinear liquid. We actually performed the first experimental demonstration of the generation of correlated photon pairs in a liquid-core fibre, and demonstrated that, thanks to the specific Raman properties of liquids (which usually exhibit thin-line Raman spectra), it is possible to reduce the Raman noise level by several orders of magnitude. This work opens the way for the development of high quantum quality correlated photon pair fibred sources
Vallet, Marc. "Mélanges à quatre ondes dans les vapeurs atomiques : des propriétés quantiques aux applications à la gyrométrie et à la réalisation de nouveaux miroirs". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011881.
Testo completoDesormeaux, Aude. "Développement d'un oscillateur paramétrique optique monofréquence et réalisation d'un montage pour la spectroscopie infrarouge non linéaire". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112058.
Testo completoThe development of new optical sources is essential for spectroscopy and related applications : pollutant detection or optical diagnostics of reactive media. For such applications, various researches are conducted to provide optical sources that are tunable in the mid infrared domain because most of pollutants (COx, NOx, …) absorb in this spectral region. The aim of the study is twofold: realisation and characterisation of a single longitudinal mode Doubly Resonant Optical Parametric Oscillator (DROPO) tunable over the 3. 5µm-4. 5 µm spectral range and realisation of an optical bench for high repetition rate non linear spectroscopy. The study begins with the development of an entangled cavity DROPO pumped by a high repetition rate (10 kHz) Nd :YAG laser. Modeling the dynamic behavior of the DROPO shows that the performances of the source can be enhanced by adding a pump beam reflection, which is controlled in phase and in amplitude. The mid-infrared emitted radiation is single longitudinal mode (< 100 MHz) and continuously tunable over a large domain (120 GHz). Next, the DROPO is integrated in a compact optical bench (60 cm ´ 60 cm) in order to increase the available energy in the mid infrared domain while maintaining the spatial and spectral qualities of the beam. This bench is composed of a multipass laser amplifier, the DROPO and an Optical Parametric Amplifier (OPA). The optical bench delivers a 3-kW peak-power mid-IR beam. Finally, the source is implemented for low pressure absorption spectroscopy of N2O around 3,9 µm
Vanholsbeeck, Frédérique. "La diffusion Raman et ses interactions avec le mélange à quatre ondes dans les fibres optiques :des fondements aux applications". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211284.
Testo completoWare, Cédric. "Récupération d'horloge par boucle à verrouillage de phase utilisant le mélange à quatre ondes dans un amplificateur optique à semi-conducteurs". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005767.
Testo completoAprès une mise en contexte et quelques généralités sur le principe de fonctionnement desdits boucles de phase et amplificateurs optiques, nous présentons deux systèmes de récupération d'horloge utilisant le mélange à quatre ondes dans ces derniers. Cet effet non-linéaire est observé et étudié, ainsi que les dispositifs de récupération d'horloge, dont le fonctionnement est démontré expérimentalement sur des signaux optiques de type RZ et NRZ à 10 Gbps. Des mesures de taux d'erreurs montrent une pénalité négligeable ; on obtient une bande d'accrochage de l'ordre de quelques dizaines de kilohertz, et une gigue de l'ordre de la picoseconde.
Bien que ce débit ne soit plus très impressionnant de nos jours, ces schémas, reposant sur des effets non-linéaires ultrarapides, peuvent être étendus à une utilisation à des débits beaucoup plus élevés (de l'ordre de plusieurs centaines de gigabits par seconde voire au-delà) et à la récupération d'horloge fractionnelle, pour des applications de démultiplexage temporel. Les expériences correspondantes restent à effectuer, ainsi que l'utilisation de composants non-linéaires à faible bruit tels que les fibres optiques microstructurées et le niobate de lithium périodiquement orienté.
Ostatnicky, Tomas. "Model calculation of four-wave mixing polarization and dynamics in bulk and confined semiconductors". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/OSTATNICKY_Tomas_2005.pdf.
Testo completoDomingues, Eric. "Mesure des concentrations de OH dans des flammes haute pression par fluorescence induite par laser (TOPLIF) et par mélange dégénéré à quatre ondes". Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES057.
Testo completoGlorieux, Quentin. "ETUDE THEORIQUE ET EXPERIMENTALE DES CORRELATIONS QUANTIQUES OBTENUES PAR MELANGE A QUATRE ONDES DANS UNE VAPEUR ATOMIQUE". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558505.
Testo completoLabidi, Tarek. "Amplification sensible à la phase de signaux analogiques sur porteuse optique". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS340/document.
Testo completoMicrowave photonic links are expected to play an important role in future RF systems. Based on low loss optical fibers, analog photonic links (APLs) have become the heart of the emerging field of microwave photonics, in which various functionalities are explored such as the generation and distribution of radar signals and local oscillators, phase shifting, reconfigurable true time delays, or even more complex functions such as spectrum analysis or correlation of RF signals. Unavoidably, microwave photonics systems undergo losses due either to microwave-to-optical conversion or to propagation. Classical amplifiers based on erbium doped fibers, semiconductor amplification, or Raman scattering in fibers, do not allow to compensate for these losses without degrading the signal-to-noise ratio. The aim of this thesis is to address this issue and to theoretically study and experimentally an optical phase-sensitive amplifier based on highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) in order to amplify an analog signals without adding noise. We experimentally investigate the linearity of a phase sensitive amplifier based on nonlinear optical fiber in the context of microwave photonics. The linearity of the PSA amplifier is assessed by performing third order intermodulation distortion products (IMD3) measurements using two RF tones. The results show that the PSA is, in the explored domain, perfectly linear for the RF modulation, leading to amplification without any increase of distortion, thus proving the compatibility with future microwave photonics applications. In addition, we study the performance of our PSA in terms of noise by taking measurements of the noise figure (NF). Indeed, we measure a noise factor of -2.07 dB in the case where when we detect only the signal, while a 0.2 dB noise factor is obtained when both "signal and idler" are detected
Fuks, Izabela. "Etudes théoriques et expérimentales des effets optiques non-linéaires du troisième ordre dans de nouveaux matériaux à conjugaison électronique élevée". Angers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ANGE0028.
Testo completoThe thesis is devoted to the theoretical and experimental studies of third order nonlinear optical effects in new highly conjugated compounds. Particularly we study theoretical and experimental study of modified fullerenes, polyenes compounds as well as oligothienylenovinylenes compounds. The experimental part is devoted to description of the techniques used for the determination of the nonlinear optical properties of third order. We showed a good correlation between the chemical structures (chemical bond, dimentionality etc. . ) of the studied compounds and their nonlinear optical response. A good agreement between the experimental results and the quantum chemical calculations is shown in this work. This thesis presents a rather complete study on the nonlinear optical properties of the selected and novel synthesized molecules. It acts of one at the same time important and useful contribution in to the field of functionalized materials for nonlinear optical applications. The originality of this work consists especially of an original choice of composed, their potentiality for the applications in nonlinear optics like optical memories, optical commutation and the optical limitation
Xie, Weilin. "Nonlinear properties of phase-sensitive fiber-optic parametric amplifiers for signal processing". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS108/document.
Testo completoThe capability and performance of the widely deployed fiber-optic and photonic systems strongly depend on the noise and nonlinearities of the optical amplifiers. In this context, phase-sensitive fiber-optic parametric amplifiers (PS-FOPAs), relying on four-wave mixing in optical fibers, outperforms conventional phase-insensitive amplifier thanks to the unique phase-sensitivity that can be exploited for noiseless amplification and mitigation of the nonlinear impairment. In conjunction with the vast gain spectrum and other functionality such as wavelength conversion, they have been regarded as a promising candidate for the next generation optical amplifiers towards all-optical communication and processing.The PS-FOPA is conventionally described by the fundamental coupled wave equations derived from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation that contains only three or four interacting waves. However, for a more general case, the emergence of high-order waves will inevitably affect the phase-sensitivity. The objective of this thesis aims at the thorough investigation of the nonlinear properties in terms of the gain properties and the phase sensitivities with respect to different configurations of a dual-pump signal-idler degenerate PS-FOPA. The more accurate numerical analysis is obtained by using the 7-wave model that incorporates the first order high-order waves stemming from the high-order four-wave mixing processing. This model permits to assess a more precise physical interpretation of the multi-wave interactions based on phase matching conditions, revealing the underlying relations between the dispersion and the phase-sensitivity. Moreover, the simultaneous phase and amplitude regenerative capability of a basic PS-FOPA is evaluated for the overall optimization. It allows fully exploiting the potential ability of a basic PS-FOPA acting as a fundamental building block of the future all-optical functionalities. The analysis approach based on this model permits application-oriented optimization and is of particular guiding significance for design and optimization of PS-FOPA in various scenarios
Defour, Martin. "Transitoires cohérents en lumière incohérente". Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112187.
Testo completoThis dissertation presents the experimental and theoretical analysis of a stimulated photon echo process which is produced by a sequence of broadband light pulses. The coherence time Tc of the light pulses is much smaller than their duration τL When the two first pulses issue from the same source, the time resolution is determined by τc instead of τL This feature is applied to the study of an atomic velocity distribution with width·ωD Under the condition that: τc << ωD-1<<τL The characteristic time ωD-1may be determined with time resolution Power effects are examined in detail. Their theoretical analysis relies on the theory of stochastic linear differential equations. It is shown that none of the standard methods, which are used for solving these equations, may apply to the foreseen case. Coherent transients produced by incoherent light pulses, should be well suited to the fast sampling of spectral line inhomogeneous width and to the study of fast relaxation and of high frequency quantum beats
Soulard, Rémi. "Réseaux d’indice et réseaux de gain dans les milieux lasers solides dopés Nd3+ ou Yb3+ - Utilisation pour le mélange à deux ondes et les cavités laser auto-adaptatives". Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2008.
Testo completoWave mixing in an inverted solid state laser material enables to record a population hologram that is both a gain and a refractive index hologram. This work first presents a detailed study of the electronic refractive index change that is due to a polarizability change of the ions when they are brought from the ground state to the excited state. A part of the effect comes from the presence of intense UV bands, an effect that is purely dispersive at the wavelength of the laser transition. We evaluated the non resonant polarisability changes of Nd3+ and Yb3+ ions in the main laser materials and we have studied the nature of the optical transitions at the origin of the observed refractive index variations. We then used these results to predict the potential of the laser materials in a non-degenerate two-wave mixing process for wavelengths in the vicinity of the laser transition. This model has been experimentally validated in a Nd3+:YAG crystal fiber. The study of the energy transfer from one beam to another is of great interest for applications such as phasing of N fiber lasers and self- adaptive interferometry. In addition, a diode-pumped self-adaptive laser resonator was realised and we obtained high energy per pulse. This laser gave rise to efficiencies that are quite comparable with those of conventional lasers with additional advantages such as good beam quality, single-frequency operation and self-triggering of the pulse
Huynh, Agnès. "Dynamique cohérente des polaritons de microcavité de semiconducteurs". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002490.
Testo completoSobel, Frank. "Effet laser à contre réaction repartie (DFB) excité par voie optique dans les films minces polymères". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114855.
Testo completoA partir des études théoriques et expérimentales effectuées sur les lasers à gain distribué semi-conducteurs, la théorie des modes couplés est appliquée aux paramètres internes caractéristiques du matériau utilisé. Expérimentalement, le laser DFB est obtenu au moyen du dispositif interférométrique de Lloyd. Il permet de vérifier l'effet de seuil du laser et l'intervalle d'accordabilité dans la courbe de gain par variation de l'interfrange. L'origine du couplage du réseau de Bragg avec le champ laser émis est analysée selon la structure modale du laser. Par ailleurs, l'importance des propriétés de guide d'onde sur les modes transverses est traitée indépendamment des notions de couplage. Une configuration de couche déterminée a permis d'observer différents modes laser accordables. La comparaison des résultats expérimentaux et des simulations dans le cadre de la théorie linéaire de la propagation guidée permet de confirmer le caractère transverse de cette émission. Enfin, l'étude du comportement temporel du réseau induit en régime de contre réaction répartie est effectuée à partir d'une technique de mélange à quatre ondes dégénérées en fréquence. Elle a permis de fixer statistiquement le maximum du délai séparant l'excitation de l'émission du laser.
Monti, Federico. "Time sampling using four-wave mixing to measure the dynamics of semiconductor nanolasers". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP026.
Testo completoPhC nanolasers are receiving more and more attention due to their unique capacity to manipulate and confine light at a very small scale. Their small footprint and low thresholds make them ideal candidates for realizing optical interconnects, thus addressing the increasing demands for data transmission speed and power consumption. Moreover, their singular geometry enables the control of their spontaneous emission properties. This reveals PhC nanolasers' uniqueness from a fundamental point of view, highlighting their potential to serve as candidates for novel research in light-matter interaction. Despite these advantages, a characterization of their emission and their dynamical properties is still missing, due to the current limitations of the detection capabilities at infrared wavelengths.In this thesis, I have developed a time gating detection technique based on FWM, to measure the ultra fast response of 1D nanolasers. By carefully studying the interplay between nonlinearities and dispersion, it was possible to reach a high sensitivity of a few photons and a resolution of 2 ps. Further improvements in sensitivity, down to less than a photon detection, is predicted by employing higher gate powers. This can open the way to study photon statistics and quantum effects deep in the quantum regime.The profiles of 1D nanolasers feature a very fast onset of the emission and a long decay, compatible with a β factor of 0.12 and a photon lifetime of 20 ps. A novel approach to obtaining the values of these two parameters controlling laser dynamics has been developed: they have been directly retrieved from the%The manner in which these two parameters controlling laser dynamics have been obtained constitutes a novel approach, as they have been directly retrieved from theultra-fast response of nanolasers, instead of solely relying on steady state measurements such as the S curve, which, in many cases, can lead to inaccurate estimations due to the interdependence of these parameters. The dynamical response of 1D nanolasers is compatible with a maximum modulation speed of around 30 GHz, fullfiling the requirement for low threshold ultra compact laser sources for photonic integrated circuits and optical communications.The high sensitivity and resolution of the technique allowed us to measure for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, an adiabatic wavelength conversion of photons with a wavelength shift as large as 1.2 nm. This shows the potential of the technique in studying ultra fast dynamics at NIR wavelengths
Tchénio, Paul. "Transitoires cohérents en lumière incohérente : effets de champ fort". Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112006.
Testo completoMartin, Aude. "Nonlinear Photonic Nanostructures based on Wide Gap Semiconductor Compounds". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS526/document.
Testo completoThe energy consumption of the whole ICT ecosystem is growing at a fast paceand in a global context of the search for an ever more connected yet sustainable society, a technologicalbreakthrough is desired. Here, integrated nonlinear photonics will help by providingnovel possibilities for energy efficient signal processing. In this PhD thesis, I have been investigatingsub-wavelength semiconductor structures, particularly photonic crystals, which have shownremarkable nonlinear properties. More specifically the strong confinement and slow light propagationenables on-chip ultra-fast all-optical signal processing, either based on four-wave-mixingor self-phase modulation. The main point here is the use of novel semiconductor materials withimproved nonlinear properties with respect to Silicon. In fact, it has now been acknowledgedthat the nonlinear and free-carriers absorption in Silicon integrated photonic structures is anissue hindering the full exploitation of nonlinear effects. In my thesis, wide-gap III-V semiconductorshave been used to develop high quality photonic crystal waveguides and cavities whichare able to sustain extremely high optical power densities as well as large average power levels.I have demonstrated PhC waveguides with much improved thermal conductivity through heterogeneousintegration of GaInP membranes with silicon dioxide. This will allow continuous wave phase-sensitive amplification, which I already demonstrated in the pulsed regime using GaInPself-suspended membranes. In parallel, I have demonstrated high quality PhC in Gallium Phosphide,which is a very promising material because of the large bandgap and the very good thermalconductivity. Preliminar results demonstrate the achievement of extremely large nonlinear regime(mini-comb, soliton compression and fission ...)
Tison, Guillaume. "Étude, réalisation et applications d’une chaîne amplificatrice laser compacte pour l’allumage de turbomoteurs". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14779/document.
Testo completoThis work deals with the design and the construction of a laser ignitionsystem for turbine engines. A review of the dedicated literature allowed us toidentify the required characteristics : nanosecond pulses with at least 10 mJ ofenergy. Our specific application imposes numerous constraints which directlyinfluenced our choice of two amplifier stages : a fiber amplifier followed by acrystalline-fiber based amplifier. We developped a simulation describing theamplification of nanosecond pulses through these two medias and thus de-termined the optimal technical characteristics of each amplifier stage. Theseresults lead to the realization of an laser ignition system that we completelycharacterised. A specific study of the fiber amplifier allowed us to understandand control the appearance of non-linear limiting phenomena. Eventually, wedemonstrate the capabilities of our solution by several laser-ignition field stu-dies
Tison, Guillaume. "Étude, réalisation et applications d'une chaîne amplificatrice laser compacte pour l'allumage de turbomoteurs". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856880.
Testo completoPerrin, Aurélien. "Observation de paires d'atomes corrélés au travers de la collision de deux condensats de Bose-Einstein". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00244641.
Testo completoChopinaud, Aurélien. "Atomes et vortex optiques : conversion de moments orbitaux de lumière en utilisant la transition à deux photons 5S-5D du rubidium". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS155/document.
Testo completoThe orbital angular momentum of light (OAM) is a quantized quantity arising from the azimuthal phase carried by optical vortices and is well-known for quantum technology applications. Its set of values is theoretically infinite.In this context this thesis experimentally study the conversion of optical vortices in a rubidium vapor through the 5S₁/₂ − 5D₅/₂ stimulated Raman transition. When the atoms are illuminated with laser beams at 780 nm and 776 nm they generate two coherent light beams at 5,23 μm and 420 nm. We investigate the blue light when one laser or both are optical vortices, in particular Laguerre-Gaussian modes. In a first part we show that if the laser at 776 nm carries an OAM the blue light is an optical vortex with an OAM which respects azimutal and Gouy phase matchings. We further show that the conversion is efficient on a large set of OAM from -50 to +50, that the efficiency is governed by the product of the input laser intensities and that the blue light behaves like a pure Laguerre-Gaussian mode. In a second part we demonstrate the conversion of a vortex superposition or a pair of coaxial vortices and that the OAM of the emitted light obeys the conservation rule of total OAM. For each studied case we propose a four wave mixing model establishing selection rules for the conversion process. This work opens possibilities towards OAM conversion using higher atomic levels
Kuszelewicz, Reuven. "Étude de dispositifs optiques bistables utilisant des lasers à fort gain couplés en intensité : aspects théoriques et expérimentaux". Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112009.
Testo completoIn this thesis we have studied a set of deviees resulting from a novel type of bistability. The principle relies upon non coherent mutual coupling between twin-laser symmetrical cavities with high gain. The bistable effect is achieved by competition between lasers. The light emission of one of them is injected into the active medium of the second one and vice-versa. Passive backward coupling influences and coherent coupling through four-wave mixing are analysed. This leads to three experimental configurations for non coherent coupling acheivement angular misalignement, orthogonal polarization and wavelength shifting. A theoretical model based on mean field and slowly varying enveloppe approximations is developped with semiconductor laser materials. Switching times of 100 ps for 6. 5 pJ energy are predicted. A demonstration using Rhodamine 6 G dye lasers leads to switching times shorter than 700 ps. The conditions necessary to reach high quality antireflection coatings (R≤10-3) are investigated in order to realize an experimental set-up with InGaAsP lasers (λ = 1,3 μm) in external grating cavities. The observed results give great hope for realizing compact devices with monolithic structures on a single substrate
Harlé, Thibault. "Sources fibrées de paires de photons : caractérisation et influence de la non-uniformité". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLO009/document.
Testo completoPhoton-pair sources are a basic block for implementation of quantum information and telecommunication. A microstructured fibered source with liquid core induce a Raman scattering noise reduction, and at the same time allows a simple and lossless coupling to telecom network, with an engineering of its emission properties through the structure and liquid choices. This work focus on four-wave mixing leading to photon pairs emission in such a source. As existing models lack a correct emph{quantitative} description of nonlinear phenomena for pairs emission, we propose here one based on the D field to do so. We show a mismatch between the spectrum form usually expected and the experimental one. To explain this, we develop a model describing the effects of guide nonuniformity, meaning variation of its propagation properties along itself. Through an initial and simple analytical approach, we demonstrate the spectrum spreading and the diminution of the maximum of emission pairs rate. With a piece-wise numerical description for real guides, we highlight the very strong sensitivity of the emission spectrum towards nonuniformity. Another effect arising from this feature is the spectrum differentiation depending on the propagation direction within the guide. Upon pairs polarization entanglement by inserting the guide into a Sagnac loop interferometer, such nonreciprocity induces a deterioration of pairs visibility. In order to counteract this effect, we propose, based on first encouraging results, a simple solution involving a symmetrization of fibers profile during their manufacture. This study paves the way for taking into account inherent nonuniformity of real waveguides, which strongly impacts their photon pair emission
Cordier, Martin. "Photon-pair generation in hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT024/document.
Testo completoPhoton pair sources are an essential component of the emerging quantum information technology. Despite ingenious proposals being explored in the recent years based on either second order nonlinear processes in crystals and waveguides or on third order processes in fibers, limitations remain, due to losses and specifically coupling losses in the former case and due to Raman generation in silica, giving rise to a broad spectrum noise in the latter. These limitations have been challenging to lift because of the limited alternative nonlinear materials that fulfil the conditions for the generation of bright and high fidelity photon pairs in integrable photonic structures. In the present project, we develop a new and versatile type of photonic architecture for quantum information applications that offers access to a variety of nonlinear optical materials that are micro-structured in optical fiber forms to generate photon pairs, without the drawback of Raman scattering and with a large design parameter-space. Indeed, with a careful design of the HCPCF along with the appropriate choice of fluid, one can (i) control the dispersion and the transmission to generate photons with the most favourable phase-matching condition over a large spectral range, (ii) adjust the fibre core size and/or shape to enhance nonlinearity or the coupling efficiency with other fibres, (iii) totally suppress the Raman effect in monoatomic gases for instance or have only narrow and separated Raman lines that can thus be easily separated from the useful parametric lines in liquids
Sylvestre, Thibaut. "AMPLIFICATION ET CONVERSION PARAMETRIQUES, DECALAGE ET SUPPRESSION DE FREQUENCES PAR PROCESSUS KERR ET RAMAN DANS LES FIBRES OPTIQUES". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006109.
Testo completoNguyen, Duc Minh. "Investigations et caractérisations de fibres et guides optiques très fortement non-linéaires". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1E006.
Testo completoVedadi, A. "Etude et applications des amplificateurs paramétriques à fibre optique". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544865.
Testo completoBanerjee, Chitram. "Experimental and Theoretical Study of Two Non-linear Processes Induced by Ultra-narrow Resonances in Atoms". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS139/document.
Testo completoIn this PhD work, two distinct phenomena are considered, which are both related to non-linear interactions between light and atoms. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to four wave mixing based on the internal degrees of freedom of room temperature helium atoms and uses it for amplification processes and generation of squeezed light. The second studied process is based on external degrees of freedom of cold cesium atoms and used for light storage and phase conjugate field generation through multi-wave mixing. I experimentally observed and characterized phase sensitive amplification via four-wave mixing in metastable helium at room temperature. I have obtained about 9 dB of maximum gain with a bandwidth of about 300 kHz. The obtained phase transfer functions showed a strong phase squeezing, indicating that the phenomenon was almost free of unwanted processes. In the second part, I explain how recoil induced resonances, which are due to the transfer of momentum between a photon and an atom, can be used to store light. I also explain how this phenomenon can lead to generation of a phase conjugate field, and why the existing theory fails to model the dip, which appears in the phase conjugate generation spectrum when the field power is increased. I extend the model to the fifth order so that it can reproduce this new feature and demonstrate that it depends on the decay rate of the coherence, which is excited between atomic levels of different momenta. I then show that a simpler model, which is based on three levels defined by internal and external degrees of freedom of the atom, can explain the observed phenomenon
Mermillod-Anselme, Quentin. "Spectroscopie cohérente non-linéaire de boîtes quantiques uniques dans des nanostructures photoniques". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY005/document.
Testo completoDecoherence in solids is a major issue towards the realization of a quantum processor based on semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as optically active qubits. Measuring and controlling the optical coherence of such qubits is required in their fundamental studies, paving a way for technological applications. However, their nanometer size combined to the sub-nanosecond lifetime of their optical transitions, render experimental measurements very challenging.This thesis presents a detailed study of the dephasing mechanisms and the coherent coupling of excitonic complexes strongly confined in individual InAs/GaAs QDs. To achieve these measurements, I developed an heterodyne four-wave mixing experiment sensitive to the amplitude and phase of the electric field emitted by a single QD. With this setup one can measure the lifetime and the coherence time of a single exciton, even in the presence of inhomogeneous broadening. To increase the light-matter interaction and the extraction efficiency of the signal, the use of photonic nanostructures has proved to be necessary. The optical sensitivity of the setup allowed me to study in detail the mechanisms of exciton-phonon interaction, which is an important source of decoherence in solids, like the acoustic polaron formation, the quadratic coupling to acoustic phonons, and the excitation-induced dephasing. Furthermore, by inferring two-dimensional spectra, I demonstrate coherent couplings between various exciton complexes. Finally, I highlight a new multi-wave mixing protocol to control the coherent response of a single exciton, and I propose to employ it to control long-range radiative coupling between two QDs, which is a fundamental step towards achieving a quantum logic gate in solids
Cordier, Martin. "Photon-pair generation in hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT024.
Testo completoPhoton pair sources are an essential component of the emerging quantum information technology. Despite ingenious proposals being explored in the recent years based on either second order nonlinear processes in crystals and waveguides or on third order processes in fibers, limitations remain, due to losses and specifically coupling losses in the former case and due to Raman generation in silica, giving rise to a broad spectrum noise in the latter. These limitations have been challenging to lift because of the limited alternative nonlinear materials that fulfil the conditions for the generation of bright and high fidelity photon pairs in integrable photonic structures. In the present project, we develop a new and versatile type of photonic architecture for quantum information applications that offers access to a variety of nonlinear optical materials that are micro-structured in optical fiber forms to generate photon pairs, without the drawback of Raman scattering and with a large design parameter-space. Indeed, with a careful design of the HCPCF along with the appropriate choice of fluid, one can (i) control the dispersion and the transmission to generate photons with the most favourable phase-matching condition over a large spectral range, (ii) adjust the fibre core size and/or shape to enhance nonlinearity or the coupling efficiency with other fibres, (iii) totally suppress the Raman effect in monoatomic gases for instance or have only narrow and separated Raman lines that can thus be easily separated from the useful parametric lines in liquids