Articoli di riviste: "Microbiological screening"

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Dow. "'Noise' in microbiological screening assays". Transfusion Medicine 10, n. 2 (giugno 2000): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3148.2000.00248.x.

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Barbara, John A. J., e Marcela Contreras. "7 Microbiological screening of blood donations". Baillière's Clinical Haematology 3, n. 2 (aprile 1990): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80054-x.

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Petrovic, Jelena, Brankica Kartalovic, Radomir Ratajac, Jasna Prodanov-Radulovic, Igor Stojanov, Marina Zekic e Srdjan Stefanovic. "Detection of enrofloxacine residues by microbiological screening method". Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 35, n. 1 (2019): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1901049p.

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The usage of microbiological screening tests is widespread in control of presence of antimicrobial drug residues in meat samples. Screening tests must be capable to detect antimicrobial drug residue of interest and detection limits must comply with MRL (Maximum Residue Limit). The aim of this study was to examine the performance of a microbiological screening test with E. coli as test microorganism: capability of detecting enrofloxacina and it?s main metabolite ciprofloxacine at MRL levels in both fortified and incurred chicken tissue samples. Detection limits of microbiological screening test with E. coli was 50 ng/g for enrofloxacin and 25 ng/g for ciprofloxacin. Screening test had positive results in all samples of fortified and incurred meat with residue concentrations above MRL level. The results of this examinations shows that microbiological screening test with E. coli, as simple and cost effective test, is capable to detect enrofloxacine and it?s metabolite ciprofloxacine in treated poultry at MRL level ie test is capable to detect unsafe poultry meat.

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Prax, Marcel, Isabelle Bekeredjian-Ding e Oleg Krut. "Microbiological Screening of Platelet Concentrates in Europe". Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 46, n. 2 (2019): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499349.

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Kochansky, Jan, Mark F. Feldlaufer e I. Barton Smith. "Microbiological screening assay for tylosin in pollen". Journal of Apicultural Research 45, n. 2 (gennaio 2006): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2006.11101323.

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Stray-Pedersen, Babill, J. Biørnstad, Liv Kristiansen, Kirsti Hansen, T. Bergan, Marianne Dahl e G. Aanestad. "Induced abortion: Microbiological screening and medical complications". Infection 19, n. 5 (settembre 1991): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01645352.

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Pawlak, Maria, Katarzyna Lewtak e Aneta Nitsch-Osuch. "Effectiveness of Antiepidemic Measures Aimed to Reduce Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Hospital Environment". Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2022 (26 aprile 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9299258.

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Purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hospital-based antiepidemic measures aimed at limiting the spread of symptomatic infections and colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), mainly NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, with particular emphasis on microbiological screening tests. Methods. This retrospective study was based on data from 168 hospitals under the supervision of the Provincial Sanitary and Epidemiological Station in Warsaw, Poland, in 2016–2017. Analysis of the effectiveness of antiepidemic procedures focused on the type of implemented antiepidemic procedures, the number of microbiological screening tests per year, the geographic location of the hospitals (inside or outside Warsaw), the timing of the screening tests (on admission to hospital or 48 hours later), and the results of the screening tests. Results. Rates of proper isolation of patients infected or colonized with an alarm pathogen including NDM-producing K. pneumoniae increased from 38.0% in 2016 to 49.5% in 2017 ( p > 0.05 ). The number of screening tests performed increased by 88% from 68319 in 2016 to 128373 in 2017. The number of epidemic outbreaks of symptomatic infections caused by NDM-producing K. pneumoniae decreased from 11 in 2016 to 7 in 2017 in hospitals in Warsaw, where microbiological screening tests were performed. The number of outbreaks in hospitals outside Warsaw, where the screening tests were not performed or were limited, increased from 8 in 2016 to 24 in 2017. Conclusion. Screening tests increase the chance of detecting colonization by CPE. The implementation of microbiological screening decreased the risk of epidemic outbreaks of symptomatic infections caused by CPE.

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Tannus, Hugo, F. Mendonca-Filho, Daniel A. Vieira, Erika W. Pinheiro, Viegas N. Monica, Marisa Santos, Pedro M. Nogueira, Marco Aurelio e O. Fernandes. "CYTOKINE PROFILE AND MICROBIOLOGICAL SCREENING IN POSTOPERATIVE SEPSIS". Critical Care Medicine 32, Supplement (dicembre 2004): A150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200412001-00535.

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Fitch, Marjorie E., A. Reed Mangels, Wendy A. Altmann, Mohammed El Hawary, Asaf A. Qureshi e Charles E. Elson. "Microbiological screening of mevalonate-suppressive minor plant constituents". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 37, n. 3 (maggio 1989): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00087a024.

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Van Der Zee, Henk, e Jos H. J. Huis In T Veld. "Rapid and Alternative Screening Methods for Microbiological Analysis". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 80, n. 4 (1 luglio 1997): 934–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/80.4.934.

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Abstract Automated analytical instruments for enumerating indicator organisms and diagnostic test kits for pathogens can be used in food microbiology to screen samples and to replace conventional cultural and confirmation steps. Such methods are now available for rapid detection or estimation of groups of (indicator) organisms, pathogenic microorganisms, bacterial toxins and mycotoxins, and molds. These alternative methods can be classified by the principles on which they are based: modified conventional methods, instrumental measurement of bacterial metabolism, bioluminescence, immunological techniques, DNA techniques, and combinations of these techniques. To meet user expectations, test kits must be accurate, sensitive, specific, rapid (24 h or less), easy to use, and laborsaving. They must also offer the possibility of computerization, a low detection limit, and low investment and running costs. The paper compares the ability of alternative methods to meet these criteria. Variations were found, depending on the techniques used and the target organism of the analysis. Economic reasons can determine whether alternative methods can be used routinely. Adoption of these screening systems also can be hampered by lack of internationally coordinated and accepted validation protocols.

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Tong, C. Y. W. "Opportunistic screening for Chlamydia: Microbiological input is essential in Chlamydia screening programmes". BMJ 327, n. 7409 (31 luglio 2003): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7409.290.

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Bose, Anu Mary, Sreekumary P. K. e Sobha Kurian Pulikkottil. "Microbiological profile of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, n. 4 (30 marzo 2017): 1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171391.

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Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of actively multiplying bacteria within the urinary tract in the absence of any symptoms. Anatomical and physiological changes make women more susceptible to UTI in pregnancy. The objective of present study was to determine the percentage of pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria and its microbiological profile.Methods: A total of 555 antenatal women who had no clinical features of urinary tract infection were recruited for this study over a period of one year. Clean catch mid-stream urine sample was collected and semi quantitatively cultured immediately. Significant bacteriuria was identified and antibiotic sensitivity found out by conventional methods.Results: Significant growth was observed in 26 samples. There was no association between age, parity, gravidity, period of gestation and asymptomatic bacteriuria. Gram stain was found to be the best screening test. Escherichia coli were the commonest organism isolated. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were the most resistant organisms.Conclusions: Escherichia coli, the most common organism isolated, was resistant to most of the commonly used antibiotics. Wet film examination, the most commonly used screening test in our set up, was less sensitive and specific. So culture has to be done in all antenatal cases for screening asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy.

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Li, Saiqun, Jing Zhong, Yiwei Tan, Yuqing Deng, Haixiang Huang, Bowen Wang, Lulu Peng, Henan Zhang e Jin Yuan. "Microbiological Screening of Hypothermic Preserved Donor Corneas in Keratoplasty". Current Eye Research 44, n. 10 (31 maggio 2019): 1067–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2019.1616766.

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Sharma, Nisha, e Padma Singh. "Microbiological Screening of river Ganga before and after Shivratri". Environment Conservation Journal 12, n. 3 (22 dicembre 2011): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2011.120308.

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Rivers in India have been regarded from time immemorial as sacred water bodies. The holy Ganges flowing in the most populated northern India is also declared unfit for even bathing. The present investigation has been carried out to monitor the water quality of river Ganga. Water samples were taken from five different sites and were checked out for microbiological study by evaluating SPC. Later on enumeration, isolation and identification of bacteria was done. Sensitivity tests were also carried out. The results obtained after performing the experiments indicates that the water in the tested stretch is unfit for both bathing and drinking purposes.

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Fröhlich, Eckhart, Ottmar Leiß e Reinhold Muller. "How to Improve Reprocessing of Flexible Endoscopes Nationwide? Data from the German Colorectal Cancer Screening Program". ISRN Endoscopy 2013 (31 ottobre 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/495039.

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Background and Aims. International studies revealed prevalences of around 50% of microbiological contaminations in reprocessed flexible endoscopes. In Germany a system was installed where the qualification for refund for colonoscopies was made conditional on successfully passing twice annually a microbiological surveillance test of reprocessed endoscopes. This study is an implementation and outcome evaluation as well as a general discussion of the quality assessment assurance in colonoscopy in Germany. Methods. German data from 2003–2008 were analysed: number of endoscopic units performing therapeutic and/or screening colonoscopies; results of all microbiological surveillance tests of reprocessing quality; number of failed surveillance tests and retests; number of qualifications for refund from the public health system cancelled due to repeated failure of microbiological surveillance tests. Results. After the introduction of the quality assessment assurance, the percentage of failed microbiological surveillance tests dropped significantly and steadily from close to 17% to below 5%. Conclusions. This study evidences (1st) the successful implementation of the quality assessment assurance in Germany and (2nd) a substantial improvement in the quality of reprocessing flexible endoscopes achieved by these measures.

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Lykov, I. N., e V. S. Sukhanova. "Screening of soil activity in different ecological systems". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2022): 022060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/2/022060.

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Abstract The article presents the results of studies of the qualitative and quantitative composition of soil microbiocenosis in non-Black Earth Region conditions. The characteristics of soil microflora qualitative composition in natural ecosystems and in the conditions of wheat cultivation are given. The data obtained indicate the biological degradation of agricultural soils, which is expressed in a decrease in microbiological parameters in comparison with natural ecosystems soils. It is noted that the microbiocenosis determines the soil biological activity, the measure of which is the emission of carbon dioxide. It has been established that a higher emission of carbon dioxide is characteristic of soils of natural ecosystems and is associated with the vigorous activity of microorganisms. Our data indicate that, under Non-Black Earth Region conditions, the intensity of soil respiration and the activity of microbiological processes are decisively influenced by humidity, temperature, and acid-base balance.

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Cai, Tommaso, Umberto Anceschi, Irene Tamanini, Serena Migno, Michele Rizzo, Giovanni Liguori, Alejandro Garcia-Larrosa et al. "Xyloglucan, Hibiscus and Propolis in the Management of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Antibiotics 11, n. 1 (23 dicembre 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010014.

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Background: In the era of antibiotic resistance, an antibiotic-sparing approach presents an interesting alternative treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women. Our aim is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety profile of a medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis (XHP) in women with uncomplicated cystitis. Methods: Relevant databases were searched using methods recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The primary endpoint was clinical or microbiological success, defined as the complete (cure) and/or non-complete (improvement) resolution of symptoms at the end of treatment, or microbiological resolutions. Results: After screening 21 articles, three studies were included, recruiting a total of 178 patients. All three studies used placebo as comparator. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of clinical or microbiological resolution between the medical device and the comparator (3 RCTs, 178 patients, OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05–0.33; p < 0.0001). No clinically significant adverse effects have been reported. Conclusion: A medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis is superior to comparator regimens in terms of clinical effectiveness in adult women with microbiologically confirmed or clinical suspicion of uncomplicated cystitis and is associated with a high patient compliance.

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Kanda, Maki, Tomoto Kusano, Setsuko Kanai, Hiroshi Hayashi, Yoko Matushima, Takayuki Nakajima, Kazue Takeba, Takeo Sasamoto e Toshijiro Nagayma. "Rapid Determination of Fluoroquinolone Residues in Honey by a Microbiological Screening Method and Liquid Chromatography". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, n. 4 (1 luglio 2010): 1331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.4.1331.

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Abstract A rapid and efficient method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven fluoroquinolone (FQ) residues: norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, orbifloxacin, sarafloxacin, and difloxacin in honey. The samples were first screened with a microbiological method by using test plates made from metal-free purified agar seeded with Bacillus subtilis BGA. When a sample was found to contain FQ residues by using the microbiological method, it was analyzed by LC with fluorescence detection (LC/FL). FQs were extracted with Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer and purified by a dual SPE method in which a cation-exchange cartridge was connected to an anion-exchange cartridge. The overall recoveries of the seven FQs ranged from 70.0 to 92.1. The intra-assay and interassay CVs were 7.8 and 5.1, respectively. For the microbiological method, the LOD values ranged from 2 to 9 g/kg. For LC/FL, the LOQ values ranged from 2 to 7 g/kg. The developed method was used to analyze 70 honey samples. In 14 samples in which the microbiological method detected the presence of FQ residues, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin were identified by LC/FL.

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Hristeva, T. H., N. P. Nikolov, V. V. Nikolova e S. T. Peeva. "Microbiological screening of tobacco raw materials for rolling of cigarettes". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1031, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2021): 012109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1031/1/012109.

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Sri Durga, Chereddy Sonali, Nerella Ruben, Madduru Sri Rama Chand, Mikkili Indira e Chava Venkatesh. "Comprehensive microbiological studies on screening bacteria for self-healing concrete". Materialia 15 (marzo 2021): 101051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101051.

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MINE, TAKAYUKI. "Screening and microbiological control of Suminori pathogenic bacteria by bacteriophages". NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 75, n. 5 (2009): 914–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.75.914.

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Lehec, Sharon C., Robin D. Hughes, Ragai R. Mitry, Michelle A. Graver, Anita Verma, Jim J. Wade e Anil Dhawan. "Experience of Microbiological Screening of Human Hepatocytes for Clinical Transplantation". Cell Transplantation 18, n. 8 (agosto 2009): 941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368909x471323.

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Hepatocyte transplantation is being used in patients with liver-based metabolic disorders and acute liver failure. Hepatocytes are isolated from unused donor liver tissue under GMP conditions. Cells must be free of microbiological contamination to be safe for human use. The experience of microbiological screening during 72 hepatocyte isolation procedures at one center is reported. Samples were taken at different stages of the process and tested using a blood culture bottle system and Gram stain. Bacterial contamination was detected in 37.5% of the UW organ preservative solutions used to transport the liver tissue to the Cell Isolation Unit. After tissue processing the contamination was reduced to 7% overall in the final hepatocyte product, irrespective of the presence of initial contamination of the transport solution. The most common organisms recovered were coagulase-negative staphylococci, a skin commensal. A total of 41 preparations of fresh or cryopreserved hepatocytes were used for cell transplantation in children with liver-based metabolic disorders without any evidence of sepsis due to infusion of hepatocytes. In conclusion, the incidence of bacterial contamination of the final product was low, confirming the suitability of the organs used, hepatocyte isolation procedure, and the environmental conditions of the clean room.

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Nautiyal, C. Shekhar. "An efficient microbiological growth medium for screening phosphate solubilizing microorganisms". FEMS Microbiology Letters 170, n. 1 (gennaio 1999): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13383.x.

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Tumini, Melisa, Orlando G. Nagel e Rafael L. Althaus. "Five-assay microbiological system for the screening of antibiotic residues". Revista Argentina de Microbiología 51, n. 4 (ottobre 2019): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2019.01.002.

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Yakimova, E. A., A. V. Kapustin, V. V. Belimenko, A. M. Gulyukin e A. I. Laishevtsev. "Microbiological screening of bacterial infections in Russian duck breeding enterprises". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 421 (7 gennaio 2020): 022075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/421/2/022075.

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Gilbertson, Terry J., Rhonda L. Mejeur, Fred S. Yein e Prem S. Jaglan. "Modified Microbiological Method for the Screening of Antibiotics in Milk". Journal of Dairy Science 78, n. 5 (maggio 1995): 1032–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(95)76719-4.

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Vehmeyer, S. B. W., R. M. Bloem e P. L. Petit. "Microbiological screening of post-mortem bone donors – two case reports". Journal of Hospital Infection 47, n. 3 (marzo 2001): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jhin.2000.0836.

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Falasconi, M., I. Concina, E. Gobbi, V. Sberveglieri, A. Pulvirenti e G. Sberveglieri. "Electronic Nose for Microbiological Quality Control of Food Products". International Journal of Electrochemistry 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/715763.

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Electronic noses (ENs) have recently emerged as valuable candidates in various areas of food quality control and traceability, including microbial contamination diagnosis. In this paper, the EN technology for microbiological screening of food products is reviewed. Four paradigmatic and diverse case studies are presented: (a)Alicyclobacillusspp. spoilage of fruit juices, (b) early detection of microbial contamination in processed tomatoes, (c) screening of fungal and fumonisin contamination of maize grains, and (d) fungal contamination on green coffee beans. Despite many successful results, the high intrinsic variability of food samples together with persisting limits of the sensor technology still impairs ENs trustful applications at the industrial scale. Both advantages and drawbacks of sensor technology in food quality control are discussed. Finally, recent trends and future directions are illustrated.

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Modi, Biren P., e Himanshu U. Patel. "Scrap Cytology: A Screening Shepherd". Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 8, n. 07 (19 agosto 2023): 182–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i07.004.

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Scrap cytology is emerging technique for diagnosing oral lesion. Oral cancer results from various viral infections, oral leukoplakia, and submucosal fibrosis. Scrap cytology assist in identifying these malignant and premalignant lesions. Herein, we present a case of a 70 years old male with complaint of pain and multiple ulceration in right oral mucosa. After proper intraoral examination & scrap cytology smears and microbiological investigations diagnosis of HSV cytopathic effect was given. This case report expands the morphologic spectrum of premalignant oral lesions and emphasizes the need to consider scrap cytology as a useful tool for oral lesions.

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Sung, Ji-Hee, Hyun-Hwa Cha, Nan-Young Lee, Won-Ki Lee, Yeseul Choi, Hyung-Soo Han, Yoo-Young Lee, Gun-Oh Chong e Won-Joon Seong. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Group B Streptococcus Detection in Recto-Vaginal Swab: Comparison with Polymerase Chain Reaction Test and Conventional Culture". Diagnostics 12, n. 7 (28 giugno 2022): 1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071569.

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A rapid method for obtaining group B streptococcus (GBS) screening results has been required in the obstetric field. We aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay is acceptable compared to the existing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The study involved 527 pregnant women aged 19 to 44 years. Rectovaginal swabs were collected between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation or prior to impending preterm births or term labor without GBS screening. We presented the diagnostic performance of the LAMP assay with a 95% confidence interval (CI) compared to the PCR and microbiological culture. In total, 115 (21.8%), 115 (21.8%) and 23 (4.4%) patients showed positive results using the LAMP, PCR assay and microbiological culture method, respectively. The LAMP assay showed 100% sensitivity (95% CI, 96.8–100.0), 100% specificity (95% CI, 99.1–100.0) and 100% diagnostic accuracy (95% CI, 99.3–100.0) with the reference being the PCR assay. Meanwhile, the LAMP assay showed 87.0% sensitivity (95% CI, 71.0–100.0), 81.2% specificity (95% CI, 77.6–84.7), and 81.4% diagnostic accuracy (95% CI, 78.0–84.8) with the microbiological culture as a reference. This study presented the LAMP assay as an acceptable method for GBS screening with a similar performance to the existing PCR method.

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Fontserè, Sara, Carmen Infante-Domínguez, Alejandro Suárez-Benjumea, Marta Suñer-Poblet, Carmen González-Corvillo, Guillermo Martín-Gutiérrez, Gabriel Bernal, Jerónimo Pachón, María Eugenia Pachón-Ibáñez e Elisa Cordero. "Impact of Treating Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Cohort Study". Antibiotics 10, n. 2 (22 febbraio 2021): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020218.

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This study aims to define the epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiological features of asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) and cystitis in kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs), and to determine the impact of antimicrobial therapy of AB and the risk factors of cystitis. We conducted a prospective observational study of AB and cystitis in KTRs from January to June 2017. One-hundred ninety seven KTRs were included: 175 (88.8%) with AB and 22 (11.2%) with cystitis. The most frequent etiologies were Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Enterococcusfaecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. No differences were observed regarding the etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and microbiologic outcomes in AB vs. cystitis. The treatment of AB diminished the microbiological cure and increased the rates of microbiologic relapses and reinfections; in addition, treated AB patients showed a trend of developing symptomatic urinary tract infection in the following six months. The analysis of the data identified the following independent risk factors for cystitis during the six months of follow-up: AB treatment, thymoglobulin induction, previous acute pyelonephritis, and time since transplantation < 1 year. In summary, considering the lack of clinical benefits of treating AB and its impact on cystitis development in the follow-up, we support the recommendation of not screening for or treating AB.

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Hansen, Axel Kornerup, Helene Farlov e Peter Bollen. "Microbiological monitoring of laboratory pigs". Laboratory Animals 31, n. 3 (1 luglio 1997): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367797780596248.

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Purpose-bred minipigs, are often used as the non-rodent species in toxicology. Infections may interfere with animal experiments, and there are no scientific reasons why the non-rodent species should be of a lower microbiological quality than the rodent species. Therefore, a system for health monitoring of pigs was developed in order to raise the quality of laboratory pigs to the level of laboratory rodents. This system, which includes screening for several viruses, bacteria and ecto- and endoparasites, was used for monitoring minipigs from a barrier unit with the same standards applied to rodents units. In these pigs only rotaviruses are found, which was shown by both serological antibody detection and by detection of rotaviral antigen in faeces. In minipigs from another unit with far less hygienic protection rotaviruses were also found along with certain influenza- and coronaviruses, as well as Pasteurella spp. It is concluded, that it is possible to raise pigs of a microbiological quality comparable to the quality of rats and mice, and that advanced microbiological monitoring in pigs will reveal useful information.

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Dikova, Milka, Svetla Todorova Nikolova e Alexandre Loukanov. "Preoperative Microbiological Screening in Pediatric Assessment of Skeletal Dysplasias Cases Before Planned Orthopedic Surgery". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, B (17 maggio 2021): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5851.

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We report the preoperative microbiological screening of gram positive bacteria as a promising diagnostic approach for precise pediatric assessment of children with skeletal dysplasias who have undergone planned orthopedic surgery within a period of 10 years. The study was conducted on children with 29 different clinical diagnoses with preoperatively measured haemoglobin, platelets, blood glucose, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum creatinine, total protein, and fibrinogen. The performed preoperative microbiological screening involved the examination of nasal and throat secretions aiming to detect carrier and/or colonization of potentially pathogenic microflora in these upper respiratory tract niches. The documented statistical data demonstrated that 50.8 % of the cases had normal microflora, however the rest 49.2 % of the patients had potentially pathogenic bacteria. Among them, S. aureus was identified in 39.3% (as methicillin-susceptible or MSSA) and in 3.3% of the children (as methicillin-resistant or MRSA). The other predominant gram-positive bacteria were S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, M. catarrhalis, and C. albicans in 1.6, 0.8, 2.4 and 2.4 %, respectively. The infected patients have been at significantly higher risk for staph infections after surgical procedures than those with normal microflora. The presented microbiological screening proves the need for obligatory preoperative eradication of MRSA from nose niche, oral preoperative treatment of Streptococcus pyogenes and personalized preoperative antibacterial prophylaxis.

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Dewinta, Astrid Fauzia, Valencia Hutajulu, Rizky Febriansyah Siregar e Eri Yusni. "Utilization Study of Halimeda macroloba Extract as Natural Preservative Materials in Cakalang Fish Meat (Katsuwonus pelamis)". AQUACOASTMARINE: Journal of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences 2, n. 1 (29 aprile 2023): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jafs.v2i1.11297.

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The purpose of this study was to characterize the secondary metabolites in Halimeda macroloba by means of phytochemical screening tests, and to determine the use of the best concentration of Halimeda macroloba extract to maintain the freshness quality of skipjack tuna physically, chemically and microbiologically. The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that the green macroalgae Halimeda macroloba contains alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids, saponins, flavanoids, tannins and glucosides. The organoleptic physical test results for the best parameters of meat appearance, aroma and texture were in the A5 concentration treatment (600 ppm) with a value of 8.43, then the chemical test results found that the best protein content and TVB values were found in treatment A5 (600 ppm) with a value of 22.9% and in the A4 treatment (400 ppm) with a value of 9.24 mgN/100g. Meanwhile, the microbiological test results showed that the best TPC value was found in treatment A5 (600 ppm) with a value of 0.5×105 col/gram.

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Singh, Akash Ranjan, Amber Kumar, Hemant Deepak Shewade e Bhavna Dhingra. "Poor adherence to TB diagnosis guidelines among under-five children with severe acute malnutrition in central India: A missed window of opportunity?" PLOS ONE 16, n. 3 (12 marzo 2021): e0248192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248192.

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Background In India, under-five children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) are referred to Nutritional Rehabilitation Centers (NRCs). NRCs screen the causes of SAM including tuberculosis (TB). The national TB programme recommends upfront testing with a rapid molecular test if TB is suspected in children. Objective We estimated the yield of and adherence to the TB diagnostic guidelines (clinical assessment and assessment for microbiological confirmation) among under-five children with SAM admitted at NRCs (six in district Sagar and four in district Sheopur) of Madhya Pradesh, India in 2017. We also explored the challenges in screening from the health care providers’ perspective. Methods It was an explanatory mixed method study. The NRC records were reviewed This was followed by three key informant interviews and three focus group discussions among staff of NRC and TB programme. Manual descriptive thematic analysis was performed. Results Of 3230, a total of 2665(83%) children underwent Mantoux test, 2438(75%) underwent physical examination, 2277(70%) were asked about the symptoms suggestive of TB, 1220(38%) underwent chest radiograph and 485(15%) were asked for recent contact with TB. A total of 547(17%) underwent assessment for microbiological confirmation. Of 547, a total of 229 gastric aspirate specimens underwent rapid molecular test (24% positive) and 318 underwent sputum microscopy (44% positive). A total of 223 were diagnosed as TB (195 microbiologically and 28 clinically confirmed) and 209 were initiated on anti-TB treatment. The treatment outcome was favourable (cure or treatment completed) for 70(31%) and not recorded for 121(54%). The main perceived challenges in screening for TB were poor team skills, lack of diagnostic facilities and poor understanding of the guidelines due to inadequate training. Conclusion Though NRCs provided a unique window of opportunity for the screening and management of TB among under-five children with SAM, the utilization of this opportunity remained suboptimal.

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Cabanová, L., e P. Niníková. "Microbiological Quality of Slovak Traditional Cheese". Folia Veterinaria 64, n. 1 (1 marzo 2020): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2020-0008.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the micro-biological quality of traditional Slovak “bryndza” cheese made in Slovakia. Besides the common pathogenic bacteria, we focused on the analyses of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC), the occurrence of which has been analysed only occasionally in a few products. As we chose food of the highest risk which contained raw milk, we expected several positive findings. The presence of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter spp. was not confirmed. The enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus was more successful. In the case of VTEC stx and eae screening, the presence of genes producing verocytotoxins vtx1, vtx2 and the gene encoding virulent factor intimin—eae in nine samples by molecular-biological methods were revealed. Only one isolate, which carried genes vtx1 a vtx2 and did not belong to these serogroups: O157, O111, O26, O103, O145, or O104, was detected by confirmation assays.

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Thomas, Gregory P. L., Jane Sibley, Timothy E. E. Goodacre e Michael M. Cadier. "The Value of Microbiological Screening in Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery". Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 49, n. 6 (novembre 2012): 708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/11-063.

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Osungunna, Michael Oluwole. "SCREENING OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY: PHARMACOGNOSY AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES". Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences 9, n. 4 (febbraio 2020): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2020.9.4.727-735.

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Czech, Erich, Wolfgang Kneifel e Brigitte Kopp. "Microbiological Status of Commercially Available Medicinal Herbal Drugs - A Screening Study". Planta Medica 67, n. 3 (2001): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-12007.

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Beydon, Marie-Helene, Alain Fournier, Lionel Drugeault e Jerome Becquart. "Microbiological High Throughput Screening: An Opportunity for the Lead Discovery Process". Journal of Biomolecular Screening 5, n. 1 (febbraio 2000): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705710000500105.

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Microbial HTS has been implemented at Rhone-Poulenc Rorer through the development of a dedicated robotic platform. This robot (Turbo) has been designed with the aim of fully integrating microbial HTS into the lead discovery processes. Innovative solutions have been found to reach high throughput as well as flexibility. This opens up new prospects for solid-phase microbial screening, taking advantage of the easy implementation and the very low costs of such screens. The different types of microbial screens done in our laboratory, as well as the throughputs and outputs obtained, are described. Some of the specific aspects of microbial HTS, as compared to biochemical and cell-based assays, are also discussed.

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Brown, D. F., M. Warner, C. E. Taylor e R. E. Warren. "Automated screening of blood cultures with the Malthus microbiological growth analyser." Journal of Clinical Pathology 41, n. 6 (1 giugno 1988): 671–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.41.6.671.

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TRITSCHLER, JOSEPH P., ROBERT T. DUBY, STEPHEN P. OLIVER e ROBERT W. PRANGE. "Microbiological Screening Tests to Detect Antibiotic Residues in Cull Dairy Cows". Journal of Food Protection 50, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1987): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-50.2.97.

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Two microbiological procedures were evaluated to detect antibiotic residues in dairy cows at slaughter. Inhibition of Bacillus subtilis growth was used for determining the presence or absence of antibiotic residues. The two tests differed only in the concentration of B. subtilis used. The Swab Test on Premises (STOP) was used to detect antibiotic residues in kidney and muscle tissue and the Live Animal Swab Test (LAST) was used to detect residues in urine of cull dairy cows. Kidney samples from 3% of cull dairy cows were positive. Confirmation by standard reference procedures and a subsequent investigation on antibiotic residues in urine from 317 cows and heifers with known antibiotic treatment histories suggest that a high percentage of false-positive readings occurred in urine. In addition, 23 % of urine samples were difficult to interpret in that B. subtilis growth surrounding Swabs dipped in urine was reduced. While producer response was generally favorable for an on-farm screening test for antibiotic residues detection in cows going to slaughter, interpretation problems, difficulty in collecting urine samples, and concerns over the complexity and sensitivity make it unlikely that the acceptance of the LAST will be widespread on dairy farms.

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Vijaya, K., e S. Ananthan. "Microbiological Screening of Indian Medicinal Plants with Special Reference to Enteropathogens". Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 3, n. 1 (marzo 1997): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.1997.3.13.

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Petrovic, Jelena, e Vera Katic. "Comparative analysis of antibiotic residue in milk using enzyme and microbiological methods". Veterinarski glasnik 57, n. 1-2 (2003): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0302043p.

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Antibiotic residue can have a harmful effect on human health and can disrupt the processing of milk and milk products. In order to prevent these unwanted effects of residue, different screening methods are used today. The basic goal of this paper is to compare screening methods performed during the testing of milk from different points of the production chain. In this paper we have comparatively analyzed three screening methods: microbiological methods - the Delvo SP test and the diffusion method with B. stearothermophilus as the test microorganism, and an enzyme method - the Penzym S test. Twenty samples of farm milk from collective tanks were analyzed, as well as 20 samples of milk from transport cisterns, 10 samples of pasteurized milk and 10 samples of sterilized market milk. Based on the comparative analysis of the diffusion method, Delvo SP test and Panzym S test, we conclude that all three methods are in hgih mutual accordance (the kappa value oscillates from nearly ideal to ideal coinciding) and thus meet one of the criteria for being included in the systematic control of milk for the presence of antibiotic residue.

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Gustavsson, Eva, e Åse Sternesjö. "Biosensor Analysis of β-Lactams in Milk: Comparison with Microbiological, Immunological, and Receptor-Based Screening Methods". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 87, n. 3 (1 maggio 2004): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/87.3.614.

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Abstract Two recently developed surface plasmon resonance biosensor assays for detection of β-lactams in milk were used to screen raw producer milk samples. Both assays use a β-lactam receptor protein with carboxypeptidase activity for detection. The results of the biosensor assays were compared with those of various commercial screening tests, i.e., the Delvotest SP, Penzym S, Beta-STAR, SNAP, and Parallux. The results of the 2 biosensor assays showed good agreement with those of the other screening tests. Of 195 analyzed milk samples, the results of only 5 samples differed between the assays. Additionally, 30 milk samples with both negative and positive results in the screening assays were analyzed by liquid chromatography for identification and quantification of any β-lactam residues. All screening tests showed 0% false-negative results with 15 incurred samples containing between 4.0 and 268 μg/kg penicillin G. The biosensor assays showed 27% positive results (false violatives) with 15 producer milk samples containing penicillin G concentrations between 0 and 3.6 μg/kg, i.e., below maximum residue limit. This figure varied between 27 and 53% for the other screening tests.

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Гурбо, Т. О., e С. Л. Кондаурова. "Microbiological Screening of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales Strains in Children with Oncohematological Diseases". Лабораторная диагностика. Восточная Европа, n. 3 (22 settembre 2022): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2022.11.3.007.

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Введение. Распространение штаммов микроорганизмов, обладающих устойчивостью к антибактериальным лекарственным средствам, является серьезной проблемой в лечении детей с онкогематологическими заболеваниями.Цель. Анализ распространенности в стационаре энтеробактерий, продуцирующих карбапенемазы, у детей с онкогематологическими заболеваниями.Материалы и методы. Микробиологический скрининг содержимого желудочно-кишечного тракта детей проводился с целью выявления носительства мультирезистентной микрофлоры. Микробиологическая идентификация энтеробактерий проводилась на основе технологии матрично-активированной лазерной десорбции/ ионизации с регистрацией времени пролета (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight / MALDI-TOF), а также на автоматическом анализаторе Vitek 2. Для определения типа карбапенемаз методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в режиме реального времени использовался анализатор GeneXpert.Результаты. Проведен анализ распространенности энтеробактерий, продуцирующих карбапенемазы, в желудочно-кишечном тракте у пациентов Республиканского научно-практического центра детской онкологии, гематологии и иммунологии за период с января 2021 г. по апрель 2022 г. Выявлено, что среди штаммов энтеробактерий, продуцирующих карбапенемазы (n=24), наибольший удельный вес имела K. pneumoniae (87,6%), реже встречались штаммы видов K. oxytoca (8,3%) иE. cloacae (4,1%). Изучение спектра продуцируемых карбапенемаз энтеробактерий показало, что наибольшим удельным весом обладал тип OXA-48 (50%) (класс D). Заключение. Для назначения адекватной антибактериальной терапии инфекций, вызванных карбапенем-резистентными штаммами энтеробактерий, требуется установление механизмов формирования устойчивости как с использованием фенотипических, так и молекулярно-генетических методов исследования. Introduction. The proliferation of strains of microorganisms resistant to antibacterial drugs is a serious problem in the treatment of children with oncohematological diseases. Purpose. The aim of our study was to analyze the prevalence of in-hospital carbapenemase- producing Enterobacteriaceae in children with oncohematologic diseases.Materials and methods. Microbiological screening of the gastrointestinal contents of children was performed to detect the carrier of multidrug-resistant microflora. Microbiological identification of Enterobacteriaceae was performed using matrix- assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight / MALDI-TOF technology and a Vitek 2 automated analyzer. A GeneXpert real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyzer was used to determine the type of carbapenemases.Results. An analysis of the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae producing carbapenemases in the gastrointestinal tract in patients of the Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology for the period from January 2021 was performed. It was found that among the Enterobacteriaceae producing carbapenemases (n = 24), the largest proportion had K. pneumoniae (87.6%), less frequent were strains of K. oxytoca species (8.3%) and E. cloacae (4.1%). The study of the spectrum of Enterobacteriaceae carbapenemases produced showed that the specific gravity of OXA- 48 type (50%) (class D) had the greatest share.Conclusion. For prescription of adequate antibiotic therapy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae, it is necessary to determine the mechanisms of resistance formation by means of both phenotypic and molecular genetic methods.

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Ellis, J., C. Biggs, S. Armitage, C. McDonald e M. Contreras. "P64 NHS Cord Blood Bank: Microbiological Screening Results of Cord Blood Donations". Transfusion Medicine 16, s1 (ottobre 2006): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3148.2006.00694_64.x.

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Wagner, Jasmin, Gernot Schilcher, Ines Zollner-Schwetz, Martin Hoenigl, Thomas Valentin, Werner Ribitsch, Joerg Horina et al. "Microbiological screening for earlier detection of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections". European Journal of Clinical Investigation 43, n. 9 (15 luglio 2013): 964–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eci.12126.

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Suwanjinda, Duongdearn, Chris Eames e Watanalai Panbangred. "Screening of lactic acid bacteria for bacteriocins by microbiological and PCR methods". Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 35, n. 5 (2007): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmb.84.

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Cao, Isabel, Norman Lippmann e Ulrich H. Thome. "The Value of Perinatal Factors, Blood Biomarkers and Microbiological Colonization Screening in Predicting Neonatal Sepsis". Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, n. 19 (1 ottobre 2022): 5837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195837.

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Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important causes of elevated morbidity and mortality rates in neonatal intensive care units worldwide. While the clinical manifestations of neonatal sepsis tend to be nonspecific, its rapid development and life-threatening potential call for reliable markers for early detection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center study including all neonates suspected of having developed neonatal sepsis from 2013 to 2016. Perinatal and clinical characteristics as well as microbiological and laboratory findings were evaluated. Neonatal sepsis was defined as either culture-proven sepsis (positive blood culture) or clinical sepsis (at least one symptom and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations within 72 h with negative blood culture). We further differentiated between early-onset (EOS) and late-onset (LOS) sepsis. Results: Microbiological colonization screening by throat and rectal swabs frequently did not detect the organism that subsequently caused the sepsis. Depending on the age of the newborn with sepsis (EOS or LOS), associations between different anamnestic and clinical factors (prenatal or postnatal ones) were found. In particular, the central–peripheral temperature difference showed a strong association with LOS. Laboratory results useful for the early detection of neonatal sepsis included interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CRP concentrations. Conclusions: Elevated IL-6 >100 ng/L was a strong marker for neonatal sepsis. When choosing the antibiotics for treatment, data from microbiological colonization screening should be considered but not solely relied on. Some indicators of infection also depended on postnatal age.

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