Tesi sul tema "Méthodes des fonctions de Green"
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Ramananjaona, Christophe Jean Gabriel. "Méthodes d'ensembles de niveaux pour la résolution de problèmes inverses des ondes". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS0026.
Testo completoCette étude traite de la reconstruction non linéaire d'un objet homogène bidimensionnel (infiniment long dans la direction axiale) de connexité simple ou multiple, enfoui dans un espace libre ou un demi-espace, à partir de mesures de champ d'ondes harmoniques diffractées par celui-ci. Il s'agit d'un problème inverse dont la solution est recherchée itérativement à l'aide d'une représentation de l'objet sous forme d'un ensemble de niveaux, dont la déformation est contrôlée par une vitesse satisfaisant des conditions de minimisation d'une fonctionnelle objectif caractérisant l'erreur entre le champ diffracte et le champ reconstruit; les champs étant calculés sans approximation grâce à une méthode de moments reposant sur des intégrales de domaine. La nouveauté de ce travail tient notamment à l'extension de la méthode à la configuration stratifiée, ainsi qu'à l'utilisation d'une formulation lagrangienne de la fonctionnelle objectif, afin de calculer convenablement la dérivée, grâce au bon usage des propriétés des fonctions de Green, qui rassemblent de manière synthétique toute la configuration géométrique de l'expérience. L'analyse a été développée pour les ondes electromagnétiques en polarisation Transverses Magnétique (TM) et Electrique (TE), l'accent étant porté sur le mode TE-dont l'analyse est nouvelle-, qui numériquement requiert une attention particulière. Un algorithme alliant une méthode d'optimisation utilisant les ensembles de niveaux et la méthode de Levenberg-Marquardt a permis d'autre part de reconstruire des objets de contraste inconnu. Enfin, il a été développé un algorithme de point fixe qui, mettant en jeu une discrétisation directe des conditions d'optimalité, et moyennant la connaissance du volume de l'objet a reconstruire, permet d'obtenir un résultat satisfaisant en une ou deux itérations. Des données expérimentales acquises en laboratoire sur des objets conducteurs ou diélectriques en régime microonde ont été traitées avec de bons résultats
Boin, Jean-Philippe. "Calcul des efforts hydrodynamiques sur un navire soumis à une houle régulière : applications d'une méthode de singularité de Kelvin". Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT2318.
Testo completoLuczak, Anaelle. "Méthodes sismiques pour la surveillance des grandes structures du génie civil". Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4096/document.
Testo completoWhile conventional seismic studies use energetic impulse sources, recent years have seen the emergence of analyses based on the use of ambient seismic noise. These analyses rely on inter-correlation or deconvolution operations, in order to reconstruct signals that can be considered as, under certain conditions, the Green functions of the medium between two recording stations. In this thesis are developed methods for the monitoring of sea dikes and geological storage massifs, either from listening to ambient noise when environmental conditions are favourable, or from the recording of signals emitted by a controlled vibratory source. Each of these two types of structures presents specific constraints in the implementation of field measurements and in the method of analysis of the data acquired. This work is aimed at showing the adequacy of the calculation methods according to the acquisition system put in place, the type of waves studied (body or surface waves, depending on the application) and the studied observable (either the propagation velocity or the attenuation). The variation of these parameters is presented on different time scales, in order to detect either fast and punctual phenomena induced by an external forcing, or long-term phenomena, such as the aging of the structure
Diebold, Louis. "Etude du problème de tenue à la mer avec vitesse d'avance". Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2281.
Testo completoSadri, Saïd. "Simulation du phénomène de transport perpendiculaire en régime statique dans les hétérostructures à puits quantique par le formalisme des fonctions de Green". Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-9.pdf.
Testo completoGradinaru, Mihai. "Fonctions de Green et support de diffusions hypoelliptiques". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011820.
Testo completola singularité près de la diagonale de la fonction de Green
associée à un opérateur hypoelliptique. L'approche est
probabiliste et repose sur le développement de Taylor
stochastique des trajectoires de la diffusion associée
et sur les estimations à priori de la fonction de Green.
On donne des exemples et des applications à la théorie du
potentiel.
Dans la deuxième partie on étend le théorème de support
de Stroock-Varadhan pour la norme hölderienne. L'outil central
est l'estimation de la probabilité pour que le mouvement brownien
ait une grande norme hölderienne, conditionnellement au fait
qu'il ait une petite norme uniforme.
Shuteriqi, Piro. "Méthodes classique et modifiée des équations intégrales en milieu homogène et stratifié". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECAP0086.
Testo completoTayeb, Gérard. "Contribution à l'étude de la diffraction des ondes électromagnétiques par des réseaux. Réflexions sur les méthodes existantes et sur leur extension aux milieux anisotropes". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00323714.
Testo completoNous poursuivons par une étude de la propagation dans des milieux présentant une anisotropie diélectrique, en évoquant notamment les problèmes liés à la recherche des solutions élémentaires de l'équation de propagation (fonctions de GREEN). Cette étude est mise à profit pour traiter ensuite : des empilements de couches anisotropes, des réseaux anisotropes par la "méthode différentielle", puis des réseaux anisotropes de permittivité diagonale au moyen d'une "méthode intégrale".
Un effort a été fait pour formuler les différentes méthodes utilisées de façon similaire : il s'agit de caractériser les champs diffractés par leur appartenance à des espaces adéquats. Ces espaces sont, selon les méthodes, décrits par des bases, des familles totales, ou bien à l'aide d'opérateurs ( "projecteurs de CALDERON").
Pichon, Patrice. "Antennes imprimées à éléments rayonnants de forme quelconque". Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4426.
Testo completoNguyen, Manh-Hung. "Developpement d'une méthode de calcul de tenue à la mer avec effets portants par une méthode de singularité de Kelvin". Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2239.
Testo completoBideo, Lionel. "Etude par la méthode des moments des caractéristiques chirales d'un réseau d'hélices dans un diélectrique". Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30113.
Testo completoOrlando, Roberto. "Exploration de nouveaux noyaux d'échange-corrélation dans l'équation de Bethe-Salpeter". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU30275.
Testo completoThe subject of the thesis focuses on new approximations studied in a formalism based on a perturbation theory allowing to describe the electronic properties of many-body systems in an approximate way. We excite a system with a small disturbance, by sending light on it or by applying a weak electric field to it, for example and the system "responds" to the disturbance, in the framework of linear response, which means that the response of the system is proportional to the disturbance. The goal is to determine what we call the neutral excitations or bound states of the system, and more particularly the single excitations. These correspond to the transitions from the ground state to an excited state. To do this, we describe in a simplified way the interactions of the particles of a many-body system using an effective interaction that we average over the whole system. The objective of such an approach is to be able to study a system without having to use the exact formalism which consists in diagonalizing the N-body Hamiltonian, which is not possible for systems with more than two particles
Rousseau, Valérie. "Modélisation de la propagation des ondes sismiques par la méthode des moments spectraux". Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20010.
Testo completoNontakaew, Udomkiat. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du problème de radiation d'ondes par une plaque plane en oscillations forcées avec vitesse d'avance". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2313.
Testo completoJanod, François. "Propagation des ondes large bande dans des milieux élastiques 3D : méthodes d'éléments de frontière en temps et couplage avec les différences finies". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749683.
Testo completoSantos, Isabelle. "Fonctions de navigation stochastiques : application à la planification robuste de trajectoires d'avions". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30013.
Testo completoContext As air traffic continues to increase, new aircraft trajectory plannification methods need to be implemented. Navigation functions have been implemented to this end, but their reliability in an uncertain environment is yet to be demonstrated. Aims Implementing new tools based on the Hadamard variational formula to take into account the uncertainties on the longitudinal position of aircraft when computing the navigation function. Methods The Hadamard variation makes it possible to assess the effect of a domain boundary variation on the trajectories computed using harmonic navigation functions. Using this variational formula requires the developpment of an efficient method to numerically compute the Green's function. Results We demonstrate in this thesis that it is possible to numerically determine the Green's function and its derivatives with a semi-analytical method. Furthermore, the Green's function determined in this manner can be used to compute the Hadamard variational formula. Conclusions This semi-analytical Green's function can be used to compute the Hadamard variational formula and makes it possible to account for uncertainties on the position of obstacles. We also give some leads on how to improve this method based on the Hadamard variational formula, most notably on how to reduce computation time and improve accuracy
Giraud-berbezier, Aude. "Transport quantique en formalisme des fonctions de Green et interaction électron-photon pour la modélisation de cellules photovoltaïques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4781.
Testo completoThis document present our work on the modeling of quantum transport coupled to electron-photon interaction in a solar cell composed of one quantum dot connected to two semi-infinite quantum wires. The proposed cell based on a dot in a wire, is a concept imagined in order to investigate quantum effects inside 1D structures in contact with 0D ones. The numerical simulation powered on the Merlin cluster (IM2NP) relies on Green’s function formalism. The philosophy of Green’s function formalism is introduced and then applied to the photovoltaic cell. An overview of the functioning of the cell is given. Results on the cell are presented in the wide band limit (approximation that simplifies the contact to wires). We observe an interlinked impact of the tunneling coupling (dot-wires coupling) and the optical coupling (to light) on the current. In the strong tunneling regime, an increase of the tunneling coupling decreases the current and similarly in the strong optical coupling regime, an increase of the optical coupling decreases the current. We investigate the counter-intuitive impact of the tunneling coupling in the strong tunneling regime through analytical calculations, considering only the first loop of the numerical code instead of the whole self-consistent process. We observe a transition in the current creation process while switching from the strong tunneling regime to the strong optical coupling regime. Results on the cell beyond the wide band limit approximation are presented in which the system exhibits another atypical response to illumination: I-V curve exhibits a negative shunt conductance! Finally, a realization proposal for the concept cell is described
Barbosa, Marcos. "Mesure de permittivité électrique par méthode de comparaison simultanée". Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT095H.
Testo completoChamoin, Ludovic. "Encadrement a posteriori de quantités locales dans les problèmes de viscoélaticité linéaire résolus par la méthode des éléments finis". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00341845.
Testo completoLeroux, Emmanuel. "Conception et validation d'une méthode numérique hybride appliquée à la prédiction du rayonnement d'une carte électronique connectée à son cablage". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-165.pdf.
Testo completoCourtois, Théophane. "Qualité spectrale des prédictions acoustiques obtenues par méthode géométrique dans des cavités couplées et absorbantes : moyennes fréquences". Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUES047.
Testo completoNumerical modeling of coupling in acoustics in the medium frequency range poses problems due to the size of the domains. With the ray method in damped cavities, it is possible to target a small number of points inside the domain and, subsequently, to reduce calculation time, making it possible to look for spectral instead of harmonic results. Does this still hold when the cavities are coupled thanks to an integral representation using such Green functions? An original image-source technique is first developed to avoid geometrical approximations. But in fact, due to inherent approximations, the ray method is inaccurate in the presence of absorbent walls. An analysis shows that a hierarchy exists among the errors arising from the rays, and finally it appears that only the grazing rays must be replaced by another approximation. In these conditions, the ray method is capable of solving coupling problems in medium frequency range as confirmed by finite elements and experimental comparisons
Lokhov, Alexey. "Etude non-perturbative de corrélateurs en QCD". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114163.
Testo completoest la simulation numérique sur réseau. Cet outil a été largement utilisé en phénoménologie,
mais il peut aussi servir pour étudier les paramètres fondamentaux de la théorie (tels que la
constante de couplage) et ses propriétés fondamentales. Ceci est le but principal de la présente
thèse. Nous avons étudié les fonctions de corrélation de la théorie Yang-Mills pure en jauge
de Landau, notamment les propagateurs du gluon et du fantôme. Nous nous sommes particulièrement
intéressés au paramètre LQCD qui est extrait à l'aide des prédictions de la théorie des
perturbations (jusqu'à l'ordre NNNLO). Les corrections dominantes en puissance sont aussi considérées,
nous montrons qu'elles sont importantes même à des énergies assez grandes (de l'ordre
de 10 GeV). Une méthode de soustraction de ces termes correctifs est proposée, ce qui permet
une meilleur estimation de LQCD. Notre résultat final est Lambda_nf_MSbar = 269(5)+12−9 MeV. Une autre
question que nous considéons est celle du comportement infrarouge des fonctions de Green (aux
énergies de l'ordre de ou inférieur à LQCD). A ces énergies le comportement des fonctions de
Green change de manière radicale, et cela est probablement lié au confinement. Nous cherchons
à clarifier la nature de ces changements afin de comprendre ses origines. Beaucoup de questions
se posent: l'ambigu¨té de Gribov, la portée de diverses relations non-perturbatives entre les
fonctions de Green, la cohéence de l'approche nuérique aux petites énergies. Les simulations
sur réseau permettent de vérifier les prédicitons analytiques, elles donnent accès aux corrélateurs
non-perturbatifs. Notre analyse suggère que le propagateur du gluon est fini et non nul dans
l'infrarouge, et que le comportement en puissance du propagateur du fanôme est le même que
dans le cas libre.
Cheik, Ahamed Abal-Kassim. "Méthodes numériques pour la résolution accélérée des systèmes linéaires de grandes tailles sur architectures hybrides massivement parallèles". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0035.
Testo completoAdvances in computational power have led to many developments in science and its applications. Solving linear systems occurs frequently in scientific computing, as in the finite element discretization of partial differential equations. The running time of the overall resolution is a direct result of the performance of the involved algebraic operations.In this dissertation, different ways of efficiently solving large and sparse linear systems are put forward. We present the best way to effectively compute linear algebra operations in an heterogeneous multi-core-GPU environment in order to make solvers such as iterative methods more robust and therefore reduce the computing time of these systems. We propose new techniques to speed algorithms up the auto-tuning of the threading design, according to the problem characteristics and the equipment level in the hardware and available resources. Numerical experiments performed on a set of large-size sparse matrices arising from diverse engineering and scientific problems, have clearly shown the benefit of the use of GPU technology to solve large sparse systems of linear equations, and its robustness and accuracy compared to existing libraries such as Cusp.The main priority of the GPU program is computational time to obtain the solution in a parallel environment, i.e, "How much time is needed to solve the problem?". In this thesis, we also address another question regarding energy issues, i.e., "How much energy is consumed by the application?". To answer this question, an experimental protocol is established to measure the energy consumption of a GPU for fundamental linear algebra operations accurately. This methodology fosters a "new vision of high-performance computing" and answers some of the questions outlined in green computing when using GPUs.The remainder of this thesis is devoted to synchronous and asynchronous iterative algorithms for solving linear systems in the context of a multi-core-GPU system. We have implemented and analyzed these algorithms using iterative methods based on sub-structuring techniques. Mathematical models and convergence results of synchronous and asynchronous algorithms are presented here, as are the convergence results of the asynchronous sub-structuring methods. We then analyze these methods in the context of a hybrid multi-core-GPU, which should pave the way for exascale hybrid methods.Lastly, we modify the non-overlapping Schwarz method to accelerate it, using GPUs. The implementation is based on the acceleration of the local solutions of the linear sub-systems associated with each sub-domain using GPUs. To ensure good performance, optimized conditions obtained by a stochastic technique based on the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) are used. Numerical results illustrate the good performance, robustness and accuracy of synchronous and asynchronous algorithms to solve large sparse linear systems in the context of an heterogeneous multi-core-GPU system
Xie, Chunmei. "An efficient method for the calculation of the free-surface Green function using ordinary differential equations". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0013/document.
Testo completoThe boundary element method (BEM) with constant panels is a common approach for wave-structure interaction problems. It is based on the linear potential-flow theory. It relies on the frequency-domain free-surface Green function, which is the focus of this thesis. First, the mathematical expressions and numerical methods for the frequency-domain free-surface Green function are investigated. Twelve different expressions are reviewed and analyzed. Several existing numerical methods are compared including their computational time and accuracies. Then, a series of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for the time-domain and frequency-domain free-surface Green functions and their derivatives are derived. These ODEs can be used to better understand the properties of the Green function and can be an alternative way to calculate the Green functions and their derivatives. However, it is challenging to solve the ODEs for the frequency-domain Green function with initial conditions at the origin due to the singularity. This difficulty is removed by modifying the ODEs by using new functions free of singularity. The new ODEs are then transformed in their canonic form by using a novel definition of the vector functions. The canonic form can be solved with the initial conditions at the origin since all involved terms are finite. An expansion method based on series of logarithmic function together with ordinary polynomials which is very efficient for low frequency problems is also developed to obtain analytical solutions. Finally, the ODE-based method to calculate the Green function is implemented and an efficient BEM solver is obtained. The removal of irregular frequencies is included. The new solver is validated by comparison of hydrodynamic coefficients to analytical solutions for a heaving and surging hemisphere, and to numerical results obtained with a commercial solver for a box barge and the KCS container ship
Ponizy, Barbara. "Calcul rapide de l'écoulement non symétrique autour de navires à l'aide de singularités de Kelvin ; application au cas des voiliers". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2300.
Testo completoWaeytens, Julien. "Contrôle des calculs en dynamique : bornes strictes et pertinentes sur une quantité d'intérêt". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561476.
Testo completoVallée, Martin. "Etude cinématique de la rupture sismique en champ lointain : méthodes et résolution". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00745005.
Testo completoBenelli, Giacomo. "Développement de la méthode des sources fictives pour des milieux stratifiés et conception d'antennes à cavité résonante". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00324206.
Testo completoAfin de concevoir et d'optimiser des antennes planes et compactes dans le cadre d'applications pour satellites, nous utilisons la méthode des éléments finis. Nous optimisons des structures métalliques constituées d'une cavité fermée par une grille périodique, pour obtenir des antennes compactes, ayant une efficacité de surface très élevée, et pouvant supporter de fortes puissances. Ce type d'antenne est destiné à servir d'élément de base pour les antennes réseau à rayonnement direct (DRA, Direct Radiating Array), ou comme source d'alimentation pour des réflecteurs.
Aublin, Benoit. "Rayonnement et diffraction acoustique par un guide ouvert semi-infini". Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD969.
Testo completoDelamotte, Kieran. "Une étude du rang du noyau de l'équation de Helmholtz : application des H-matrices à l'EFIE". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD051/document.
Testo completoThe boundary elements method (BEM) leads to dense linear systemswhose size growsrapidly in pratice ; hence the use of so-called fast methods. The fast multipole method(FMM) accelerates the resolution of BEM systems within an iterative scheme. The H-matrix method speeds up a direct resolution which is needed in massively multiple righthandsides problems. It has been provably introduced in the context of the Laplace equation.However, the use ofH-matrices for relatively high-frequency wave problems leadsto results above expectations. This thesis main goal is to provide an explanation of thesegood results and thus improve the method for higher frequencies.A H-matrix is a compressed tree-based hierarchical representation of the data associated with an admissibility criterion to separate the near (or singular) and far (or compres-sed) fields. An admissible block reads as a UVT rank deficient matrix while the singularblocks are dense with small dimensions. BEM matrices are efficiently represented byH-matrices and this method also allows for a fast Cholesky factorization whose factors arealsoH-matrices.Our work on the admissibility condition emphasizes the necessity of a frequency dependantadmissibility criterion. This new criterion is based on the Fresnel diffraction areathus labelled Fresnel admissibility condition. In that case a precise estimation of the rankof a high-frequency block is proposed thanks to the spheroidal wave functions theory.Consequently, a robust and reliable HCA-II type algorithm has been developed to ensurea compressed precision-controlled assembly. The influence of various parameters on thisnew algorithm behaviour is discussed ; in particular their influence on the control andthe growth of the rank according to the frequency.We define the interaction cross sectionfor two Fresnel-admissible clusters and show in the non-degenerate case that the rankgrowth is linear according to the frequency in the high-frequency regime ; interaction ofcoplanar clusters results in growth like the square root of the frequency. All these resultsare presented on meshes adapted to high-frequency interactions
Lachand, Armand. "Entiers friables et formes binaires". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0189/document.
Testo completoAn integer is called y-friable if its largest prime factor does not exceed y. Friable values of binary forms play a central role in the integer factoring algorithm NFS (Number Field Sieve). In this thesis, we obtain some asymptotic formulas for the number of representations of friable integers by various classes of polynomials. In the first part, we focus on binary forms which split as a product of a linear form and a quadratic form. To achieve this, we combine the inclusion-exclusion principle with ideas based on works of Fouvry and Iwaniec and Balog, Blomer, Dartyge and Tenenbaum related to the distribution of some sequences of integers represented by quadratic forms. We then take a closer look at friable values of irreducible cubic forms. Extending some previous works of Heath-Brown and Moroz concerning primes represented by such polynomials, we provide some asymptotic formulas which hold in a large range of friability. With this method, we also evaluate some means over the values of an irreducible cubic form for other multiplicative functions including the Möbius function and the Liouville function. In the last chapter, we investigate the correlations between nilsequences and the characteristic function of friable integers. By using the nilpotent method of Green and Tao, our work provides a formula for the number of friable integers represented by a product of affine forms such that any two forms are affinely independent
Granat, Cristel. "Formulation variationelle par équations intégrales pour des problèmes de diffraction d'ondes acoustiques et élastiques dans un demi-plan". Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1298.
Testo completoCausse, Mathieu. "Simulation aveugle large bande du mouvement sismique". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392066.
Testo completoLa difficulté principale pour simuler "en aveugle" est le choix des paramètres de la source (chute de contrainte, point de nucléation,...), mal contraints, et qu'il faudra pourtant estimer a priori. Ce choix contrôle le niveau médian et la variabilité du mouvement sismique. La première solution testée consiste à déterminer directement les lois de distribution de ces paramètres à partir des résultats issus de l'inversion cinématique. Afin de garantir que les niveaux simulés sont réalistes, nous proposons dans un second temps de calibrer les simulations par FGE en un site de référence au rocher en utilisant un modèle de prédiction empirique.
Les différentes méthodes sont appliquées pour simuler dans le bassin grenoblois un séisme de magnitude 5.5 à 15 km. La comparaison aux normes EC8 montre que les spectres réglementaires sont dépassés en certains points du bassin sédimentaire, à 0.3 Hz et autour de 0.2 Hz.
Honoré-Foundotos, Laëtitia. "Génération d'accélérogrammes synthétiques large-bande : contribution à l’estimation de l’aléa sismique par validation d’approches en aveugle". Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4054/document.
Testo completoOne of the major scientific problems in seismology is to estimate the ground motions expected at a given site from a future earthquake. The aim of this thesis is to test and validate two different methods of ground motions simulation based on the empirical Green’s function approach and to provide elements that can help to develop a blind simulation methodology. In a first part, a simulation method based on a stochastic point source approach is validated on the real data of recent earthquakes well instrumented : the Les Saintes earthquake Mw6.4 and the L’Aquila earthquake Mw6.3. We have developed a blind simulation approach by taking into account an uncertainty on the parameter of stress drop ratio C. This approach allows to generate a set of synthetic accelerograms of a target earthquake varied enough to be representative of a large number of possible source scenario and taking into account in a statistical sense potential directivity effects. This approach is also applied to the simulation of an historical Pyrenean earthquake Mw6.1. In a second part, we use a more complex extended source model, combining kinematic models of fractal composite sources with EGF approach. The potential of the method is tested on an application to L’Aquila earthquake. This has produced very satisfying results on all ground motion parameters analyzed. This simulation method appears to be very promising for the implementation of a blind simulation methodology, even if the main difficulty lies in the need to define the variability of many poorly known input parameters in the simulation of a future earthquake
Chehami, Lynda. "Surveillance passive des milieux réverbérants par corrélation de bruit ambiant : application à la localisation de défauts". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0035/document.
Testo completoGreen’s functions retrieval from ambient noise correlation has recently drawn a new interest in structural health monitoring. In this manuscript, we propose an original method based on this approach to detect and locate defects (cracks, holes, grooves) in a reverberant thin plate with a limited number of sensors. Flexural waves that propagate on the plate are generated by either a set of sources distributed randomly on the surface or an ambient noise. Covariance matrices are estimated from the sparse array after damage and compared to baseline-correlation matrix recorded from the healthy plate. An evaluation criterion has developed in the form of relative noise level to predict the quality of the GF reconstruction. The differential correlation matrix w/o defect is used to localize the defect. We have shown numerically and experimentally that this technique is exploitable for defect detection and localization, despite a non-perfect estimation of the GF. We have also proposed a passive technique to identify the regions of noise. A filtering technique based on the singular value decomposition is shown to improve the detection. A secondary acoustic sources have been developped to harvesting the LF ambient noise to HF field, used to localize defects in platelike structures. Finally, it was shown that such method could also be used to characterize a defect in a reverberant structure, in particular, it has been drawn that the obtained images intensity is related to the defect cross-section
Pradier, Aline. "Evaluation des champs électromagnétiques induits dans les tissus biologiques pour les nouveaux usages et les nouvelles technologies sans fil". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066545.
Testo completoGarcia, Rosmond. "Contribution à l'étude de circuits planaires par une méthode itérative basée sur le concept d'onde (F. W. C. I. P)". Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT046H.
Testo completoBerraki, Madjid. "Étude théorique et modélisation d'une source piézoélectrique enterrée unidirectionnelle pour applications sismiques". Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-Berraki.pdf.
Testo completoL'évolution des enregistrements effectués au niveau des récepteurs n'est pas attribuable uniquement aux variations dans le réservoir. La solution proposée dans cette thèse est la conception une source enterrée unidirectionnelle. La première partie expose un principe de source unidirectionnelle. Il s'agit de la combinaison, en milieu infini et en champ lointain, de forces ponctuelles dont les amplitudes complexes sont ajustées. La seconde partie décrit le rayonnement de la source unidirectionnelle idéale en milieu réel. Le modèle développé repose sur la détermination de la fonction de Green du milieu semi-infini, soit par méthode de Cagniard De Hoop (demi-espace), soit par méthode Réflectivité/DWN (milieu semi-infini stratifié). Un transducteur piézoélectrique unidirectionnel enterré, est modélisé dans la troisième partie. Le code éléments finis ATILA est utilisé pour modéliser la source piézoélectrique. Le milieu extérieur est représenté par sa matrice d'impédance, calculée soit par méthode itérative (demi-espace), soit par le code éléments de frontière MISSAXI (milieu semi-infini stratifié)
Lani, Giovanna. "Vers une nouvelle méthode de calcul pour la fonction de Green à un corps". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00667923.
Testo completoCarayol, Quentin. "Développement et analyse d'une méthode multipôle multiniveau pour l'électromagnétisme". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066485.
Testo completoDuong, Quang Hai. "Limites d'idéaux de fonctions holomorphes et de fonctions de Green pluricomplexes". Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2011/.
Testo completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the convergence of pluricomplex Green functions on a bounded hyperconvex domain in Cn, with a domaine ouvert connexe and the convergence of some families of ideals in the space ouvert connexe of all holomorphic functions on ouvert connexe. The zero variety of each those ideals, consisting of all common zeros of the holomorphic functions in the ideal, is a finite set. In the first chapter, we introduce some basic notions of potential theory in several complex variables and the pluricomplex Green function with simple logarithmic poles at finitely many points. Then, we study the convergence of these functions with simple logarithmic poles at finitely many points as the poles tend to a single point. In the second chapter, we give a method to reduce the verification of the convergence of a family of ideals of holomorphic functions. More precisely, we prove two necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of the family of ideals. The third chapter is devoted to the study of the convergence of pluricomplex Green functions based on three distinct poles in the particular case where all the poles tend to the origin along the same asymptotic direction. We begin by studying the limit of the family of ideals of holomorphic functions based on the same points, then we give some estimates for the upper and the lower limit of the pluricomplex Green functions. Finally, using the notion of powers of ideals of holomorphic functions, we introduce a method of Rashkovskii - Thomas and study the limit of the pluricomplex Green functions in this case. In the fourth chapter, we study the convergence of pluricomplex Green functions with simple logarithmic poles at four points as the poles tend to C² for the generic case. Then we study the limit of the family of ideals of holomorphic functions based on the same points for the degenerate case. Finally, using the notion of powers of ideals of holomorphic functions and the method of Rashkovskii - Thomas, we give some estimates for the limit of the pluricomplex Green functions for a particular case
Stellin, Filippo. "Anderson localization in interacting quantum systems". Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7004.
Testo completoIn this thesis we theoretically investigate the behaviour of quantum particles (electrons, atoms, photons, etc.) moving in a random medium and undergoing Anderson localization. For noninteractingparticles, the energy spectrum can possess one or more critical points, where the nature of the single-particle wavefunctions changes from extended to localized leading to a undergoes a metal-insulator phase transition, also known as Anderson transition.A fundamental question is whether and how Anderson transitions survive in interacting quantum systems. Here we study a minimal model of two particles moving in a disordered lattice and subject to short-range mutual interactions. By combining large-scale numerics with Green’s functions techniques, we show that two-particle Anderson transitions do occur in three dimensions and explore the phase diagram in the space of energy, disorder and interaction strength. The latter presents a rich structure, characterized by a doubly reentrant behavior, caused by the competition between scattering and bound states of the pair. We also show that previous claims of 2D Anderson transitions of the pair are essentially due to finite-size effects.A second problem that we address in this thesis is the occurrence of 2D metal-insulator transitions for a single particle in the presence of a spatially correlated potential and subject to spin-orbit interactions, described by Rashba-Dresselhaus couplings. We illustrate that, irrespective of the properties of the disorder, there is a regime where the critical energy depends linearly on the disorder strength. The slope and the intercept are studied in the vicinity of the spin-helix point, where the SU(2) symmetry is restored and the 2D metal-insulator transition disappears
Bin, Fazail Muhammad Najib. "Caractérisation de l’amortissement des structures complexes par la méthode de corrélation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COMP2718.
Testo completoThe thesis presents inverse correlation techniques able to measure accurately the damping loss factor of complex plane structures. In the first chapter, the state of the art gathering numerous local and global characterization methods is presented. In the second part of the chapter, various topics of direct interest to the thesis such as classical damping loss factor measurement techniques and the analytical solution based on the discrete general laminate model (GLM) are briefly discussed. In the second chapter, the inhomogeneous wave correlation (IWC) method based on the maximization of the correlation between an inhomogeneous wave and the measured displacement field as a function of the wave heading angle is revisited. A new variant that considers the exponential decay with distance from the excitation point in the inhomogeneous wave formulation is introduced. The purpose of introducing this variant is to improve the estimation of the damping loss factor. The validity of the proposed method is investigated numerically on flat thin structures and sandwich damped structures. The performance of the method related to the excitation point location and the size of the observation window are also investigated. A new Green’s function-based model correlation (GFC) method able to estimate the equivalent elastic parameters of complex structures at different propagation angles is detailed in the third chapter. Contrary to the IWC method, the measured displacement field is correlated with a Green’s function-based model. This approach is more adapted to describe the field near the excitation point and offers more stability in estimating the damping loss factor compared to previous methods. Several results, with simulated and measured data, are compared with an analytical discrete laminate model and show the accuracy of this technique to recover the damping loss factor of complex structures as function of the frequency and the heading angle. In the second part of the chapter, the impact of different excitation location on the estimation of the wavenumber and the damping loss factor is investigated. A spatial angular filter to rectify the estimation of the damping loss factor is introduced. In the fourth chapter, the image source method with an objective of improving the previous GFC method in the low frequency range and for lightly damped structures is introduced. The proposed method takes into account the reflection at boundaries which is, ignored in the free field Green’s function used in the previous chapter. The performance of the method is investigated for two types of boundary conditions: simply supported and free edges. The identified parameters of the numerical simulations are compared to the previous GFC method and to the analytical discrete laminate model
Bensedik, Ahmed. "Sur quelques problèmes elliptiques de type Kirchhoff et dynamique des fluides". Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00971279.
Testo completoLetendre, Patrick. "Méthodes d'analyse des fonctions sur un corps de caractéristique p". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27169/27169.pdf.
Testo completoLe, Jamtel Cyrille. "Cadres, méthodes et fonctions de l’intervention psychologique en soins palliatifs". Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1032.
Testo completoOur work concerns the psychologist’s intervention in palliative care, with people facing the incurable nature of a somatic disease. Basing our research on several years of professional experience in this field, we wanted after a historic preamble on palliative care, to describe the frameworks and methods for these extreme situations as they challenge the usual psychotherapeutic context of inter-vention of the clinical psychologist. Our description of the ethical, temporal and spatial frameworks allow us to see the mental health care system as favoring the emergence and maintenance the posi-tion of subject in a medical environment, which may keep the patient in a position of object. We discuss two methods that can be combined to respond to the request of the subject. The interview in tandem with a health professional (nurse or doctor) and the personal interview are the two methods we have experienced within our mobile team of palliative care. Our research address the transform-ative function and the containing function of these interviews allowing the symbolization of the traumatic subjective experience that can be experienced by the patient after the announcement of the incurability. Five clinical cases address the transitional process of the psychological interviews. This transformative function that we postulate the existence in the context of palliative care will allow the subject to overcome the traumatic experience in favor of a work of symbolization. Inter-subjective meeting between subject and psychologist will allow the establishment of an intermediate area experience between play and language, a potential space in which the subject may experience the capacity to be alone with his death in the presence of the psychologist
Haddad, Ali. "Méthodes variationnelles en traitement d'image". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133405.
Testo completoGuindon, Stéphane. "Méthodes et algorithmes pour l'approche statistique en phylogénie". Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20033.
Testo completoHoxha, Fatmir. "Fonctions de Green et migration de Kirchhoff par imagerie optique". Pau, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PAUU3020.
Testo completoDavy, Matthieu. "Application du retournement en micro-ondes à l'amplification d'impulsions et l'imagerie". Phd thesis, Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077219.
Testo completoTime Reversal (TR) methods are applied in microwaves to pulse amplification and imaging. First, we use a reverberation chamber with an aperture on the front face and we take advantage of the pulse compression property of time reversal. High amplitude peaks are generated outside the chamber thanks to the long spreading time of the signals inside. Our device is auto-adaptive in position and in polarization. The second part of the manuscript deals theoretically and experimentally with the DORT method (decomposition of the TR operator). The method is first applied to characterize a dielectric cylinder and work out its parameters. Imaging of two close scatterers separated by a subwavelength distance is then considered. A criterion is especially extracted to deduce the noise level above which the resolution fails. Furthermore, we use thé DORT method to track experimentally people behind a wall. The wave propagation inside the wall is taken into account to localize a human being. This last part leads to the study of the invariants of the TR operator when a pointlike target is moving during the acquisition of the transfer matrix. Eventually, we introduce thé first wideband ambient noise cross-correlation experiment in microwaves. The cross-correlation yields the Green's function between two antennas and allows the passive detection and localization of targets. The analogy with a TR process is developed. Passive people localization is also achieved with the narrow bandwidth signals emitted by a WIFI router