Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Metabolic orientation"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Metabolic orientation":
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Larina, V., e D. Karpenko. "The metabolic and cytoprotective orientation of meldonium in multimorbidity". Vrach 33, n. 4 (2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2022-04-08.
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Larina, V., e D. Karpenko. "The metabolic and cytoprotective orientation of meldonium in multimorbidity". Vrach 33, n. 4 (2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2022-04-08.
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Noghabi, Ali Delshad. "Psychological Factors of Metabolic Syndrome". Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 2, n. 7 (31 luglio 2021): 641–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1290.
Abstract (sommario):
Several factors are involved in the etiology of metabolic syndrome, the most important of which are insulin resistance, obesity (especially abdominal obesity), lipid abnormalities, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, pre-inflammatory status, genetic factors, unhealthy lifestyle, trend Rapid urbanization, nutritional factors, inactivity, smoking and hookah smoking, social, economic and cultural factors, level of education, psychosocial stresses and environmental pollution. But psychological factors such as meta-cognitive beliefs, life orientation (optimism, pessimism) and positive and negative emotions, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis activity, type D personality, depression and anxiety also play a role in causing it.
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Chen, Valerie, Antonio E. Bruno, Laura L. Britt, Ciria C. Hernandez, Luis E. Gimenez, Alys Peisley, Roger D. Cone e Glenn L. Millhauser. "Membrane orientation and oligomerization of the melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2". Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, n. 48 (17 settembre 2020): 16370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.015482.
Abstract (sommario):
The melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of several G protein–coupled receptors that are essential for energy balance and food intake. MRAP2 loss-of-function results in obesity in mammals. MRAP2 and its homolog MRAP1 have an unusual membrane topology and are the only known eukaryotic proteins that thread into the membrane in both orientations. In this study, we demonstrate that the conserved polybasic motif that dictates the membrane topology and dimerization of MRAP1 does not control the membrane orientation and dimerization of MRAP2. We also show that MRAP2 dimerizes through its transmembrane domain and can form higher-order oligomers that arrange MRAP2 monomers in a parallel orientation. Investigating the molecular details of MRAP2 structure is essential for understanding the mechanism by which it regulates G protein–coupled receptors and will aid in elucidating the pathways involved in metabolic dysfunction.
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Collorone, Sara, Ferran Prados, Baris Kanber, Niamh M. Cawley, Carmen Tur, Francesco Grussu, Bhavana S. Solanky et al. "Brain microstructural and metabolic alterations detected in vivo at onset of the first demyelinating event". Brain 144, n. 5 (27 aprile 2021): 1409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab043.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract In early multiple sclerosis, a clearer understanding of normal-brain tissue microstructural and metabolic abnormalities will provide valuable insights into its pathophysiology. We used multi-parametric quantitative MRI to detect alterations in brain tissues of patients with their first demyelinating episode. We acquired neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging [to investigate morphology of neurites (dendrites and axons)] and 23Na MRI (to estimate total sodium concentration, a reflection of underlying changes in metabolic function). In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 42 patients diagnosed with clinically isolated syndrome or multiple sclerosis within 3 months of their first demyelinating event and 16 healthy controls. Physical and cognitive scales were assessed. At 3 T, we acquired brain and spinal cord structural scans, and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging. Thirty-two patients and 13 healthy controls also underwent brain 23Na MRI. We measured neurite density and orientation dispersion indices and total sodium concentration in brain normal-appearing white matter, white matter lesions, and grey matter. We used linear regression models (adjusting for brain parenchymal fraction and lesion load) and Spearman correlation tests (significance level P ≤ 0.01). Patients showed higher orientation dispersion index in normal-appearing white matter, including the corpus callosum, where they also showed lower neurite density index and higher total sodium concentration, compared with healthy controls. In grey matter, compared with healthy controls, patients demonstrated: lower orientation dispersion index in frontal, parietal and temporal cortices; lower neurite density index in parietal, temporal and occipital cortices; and higher total sodium concentration in limbic and frontal cortices. Brain volumes did not differ between patients and controls. In patients, higher orientation dispersion index in corpus callosum was associated with worse performance on timed walk test (P = 0.009, B = 0.01, 99% confidence interval = 0.0001 to 0.02), independent of brain and lesion volumes. Higher total sodium concentration in left frontal middle gyrus was associated with higher disability on Expanded Disability Status Scale (rs = 0.5, P = 0.005). Increased axonal dispersion was found in normal-appearing white matter, particularly corpus callosum, where there was also axonal degeneration and total sodium accumulation. The association between increased axonal dispersion in the corpus callosum and worse walking performance implies that morphological and metabolic alterations in this structure could mechanistically contribute to disability in multiple sclerosis. As brain volumes were neither altered nor related to disability in patients, our findings suggest that these two advanced MRI techniques are more sensitive at detecting clinically relevant pathology in early multiple sclerosis.
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Vanduffel, Wim, Erik Vandenbussche, Wolf Singer e Guy A. Orban. "A Metabolic Mapping Study of Orientation Discrimination and Detection Tasks in the Cat". European Journal of Neuroscience 9, n. 6 (giugno 1997): 1314–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01486.x.
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Kuzin, A., A. Khrebtova, O. Camerer e E. Bykov. "ASSOCIATIVE DETERMINANTS OF THE TROPHOLOGICAL STATUS IN ATHLETES FROM AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC SPORTS". Human Sport Medicine 20, n. 3 (25 novembre 2020): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm200306.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim. The paper aims to elaborate effectiveness criteria for aerobic and anaerobic training based on a comprehensive analysis of the athletes’ trophological status. Materials and methods. Anthropometric data, body composition, carbohydrate and fat metabolism indicators were collected for trained athletes (n = 41) once per day (in the morning) on an empty stomach. To find metabolic determinants for the training process of various orientations, athletes were divided into two groups, namely, a group with a predominantly aerobic orientation (n = 23) and those with a predominantly anaerobic one (n = 18). Results. The assessment of the athletes’ trophological status showed reliable correlations between body composition and aerobic capacities. Body composition indicators allow forecasting physical performance in predominantly aerobic sports. Total cholesterol and blood glucose dynamics reflect the nature of metabolic changes during long-term adaptation to aerobic and anaerobic exercises. Conclusion. In the group with aerobic training, sportsmanship depends on the anthropological and trophological statuses. The ratio of blood glucose to total cholesterol can act as a universal marker of aerobic and anaerobic capacities during long-term sports training.
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Yang, Dan, Yifan Yang, Yanlin Li e Rui Han. "Physical Exercise as Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: From Mechanism to Orientation". Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 74, n. 4 (2019): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500110.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: Exercise therapy plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The mechanism of exercise therapy in the improvement of glycolipid metabolism of T2DM is very complex and not completely clear. Summary: Exercise training improves the whole body metabolic health in patients with T2DM, leading to an increase in glycolipid uptake and utilization, improved insulin sensitivity, optimized body mass index, and modulated DNA methylation, etc. Recent findings support that some cytokines such as irisin, osteocalcin, and adiponectin are closely related to exercise and metabolic diseases. This study briefly reviews the physiological mechanisms of exercise therapy in diabetes and the potential role of these cytokines in exercise. Key Messages: More high-quality, targeted, randomized controlled studies are needed urgently, from mechanism study to treatment direction, to provide a more theoretical basis for exercise therapy and to explore new therapeutic targets for diabetes.
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Chang, Yi-Min, Chia-Lin Lee e Jun-Sing Wang. "Sex Disparity in the Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Cognitive Impairment". Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, n. 9 (27 aprile 2024): 2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092571.
Abstract (sommario):
Background/Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a constellation of several cardiometabolic risk factors. We investigated sex disparity in the associations between MS and cognitive impairment using cross-sectional data from Taiwan Biobank. Methods: We determined the associations of MS and its five components with cognitive impairment (mini-mental state examination, MMSE < 24) and the five domains of MMSE using logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 7399 men and 11,546 women were included, and MS was significantly associated with cognitive impairment only in women (adjusted OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.29–1.71, p = 0.001) (p for interaction 0.005). In women, the association with MS was significant in orientation (adjusted OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07–1.37, p = 0.003), memory (adjusted OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01–1.25, p = 0.034) and design copying (adjusted OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.23–1.62, p = 0.001) (p value for interaction 0.039, 0.023, and 0.093, respectively). Among the components of MS, a large waist circumference (adjusted OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08–1.46, p = 0.003), high fasting glucose (adjusted OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.00–1.34, p = 0.046), and low HDL cholesterol (adjusted OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.00–1.34, p = 0.049) were significantly associated with cognitive impairment in women. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that sex has a significant influence on the association between MS and cognitive dysfunction, especially in orientation and memory.
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Orre, Charlotte, Xavier Dieu, Jordan Guillon, Naïg Gueguen, Seyedeh Tayebeh Ahmadpour, Jean-François Dumas, Salim Khiati et al. "The Long Non-Coding RNA SAMMSON Is a Regulator of Chemosensitivity and Metabolic Orientation in MCF-7 Doxorubicin-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells". Biology 10, n. 11 (9 novembre 2021): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10111156.
Abstract (sommario):
Despite improvements in therapeutic strategies for treating breast cancers, tumor relapse and chemoresistance remain major issues in patient outcomes. Indeed, cancer cells display a metabolic plasticity allowing a quick adaptation to the tumoral microenvironment and to cellular stresses induced by chemotherapy. Recently, long non-coding RNA molecules (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of cellular metabolic orientation. In the present study, we addressed the role of the long non-coding RNA molecule (lncRNA) SAMMSON on the metabolic reprogramming and chemoresistance of MCF-7 breast cancer cells resistant to doxorubicin (MCF-7dox). Our results showed an overexpression of SAMMSON in MCF-7dox compared to doxorubicin-sensitive cells (MCF-7). Silencing of SAMMSON expression by siRNA in MCF-7dox cells resulted in a metabolic rewiring with improvement of oxidative metabolism, decreased mitochondrial ROS production, increased mitochondrial replication, transcription and translation and an attenuation of chemoresistance. These results highlight the role of SAMMSON in the metabolic adaptations leading to the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Thus, targeting SAMMSON expression levels represents a promising therapeutic route to circumvent doxorubicin resistance in breast cancers.
Tesi sul tema "Metabolic orientation":
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Walker, Jillian L. "The Effects of Cultural Orientation Change on Metabolic Health in a Sample of Mexican Immigrants to the United States". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4184.
Abstract (sommario):
Studies have identified metabolic health factors to be a major concern in Mexican-Americans, including Mexican immigrants to the United States (U.S.). Acculturation stress has been hypothesized to be a factor in the development of many health-related concerns in this population. Specifically, previous studies have shown that acculturation stress contributes to health concerns, including metabolic health concerns (e.g., diabetes, metabolic syndrome). The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cultural orientation, a measure of acculturation designed to provide more information than traditional acculturation measures, and metabolic health outcomes. Specific acculturation-related stressors (social support, job-related stress, and depression) were hypothesized mediators in this relationship among a convenience sample of 98 foreign-born Mexicans living in Utah County, Utah controlling for age, gender, socio-economic status (SES), and years in the U.S. Data were collected twice with a three year interval to examine change over time. Changes in these constructs were examined through the use of Growth Modeling with Bayesian estimation. The Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican-Americans (ARSMA-II) was used to measure Anglo Cultural Orientation and Mexican Cultural Orientation. Standard blood analyses were used to measure metabolic health outcomes, which included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and glucose. The Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12) was used to measure social support, the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) was used to measure job-related stress, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to measure depression. No change was identified in Anglo Cultural Orientation or Mexican Cultural Orientation over time in the majority of subjects. A positive relationship between Anglo Cultural Orientation and HbA1c was found, as was a negative relationship between Mexican Cultural Orientation and HbA1c. Mediation analyses showed a mediation effect of depression on the relationship between Anglo Cultural Orientation and glucose. Implications of findings, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
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Lemoine, Clément. "Culture in vitro de plantes halophiles du littoral breton et orientation de leur métabolisme vers la production de principes actifs pour la nutrition et la cosmétique". Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0113.
Abstract (sommario):
Les plantes halophiles sont des plantes résistantes au stress salin, qui subissent une grande variété de stress dans leur environnement naturel. Ces conditions les ont menées à synthétiser des molécules de défense, qui peuvent présenter des activités biologiques intéressantes de par leur structure et diversité. Dans le cadre d’une collaboration avec la PME Salipouss, trois espèces ont été choisies sur la base de tests antioxydants préliminaires, avec pour objectif d’optimiser (i) la multiplication de plants in vitro pour des cultures industrielles en serre et (ii) d’améliorer le niveau d’activité de leurs extraits. La diversité des composés potentiellement actifs présents dans ces extraits est ensuite analysée par fractionnement bioguidé, afin d’isoler des molécules valorisables. Ce fractionnement est appuyé par des analyses de composés par RMN, permettant d’obtenir des informations sur la structure des composés bio-actifs. Les résultats obtenus montrent le fort potentiel de valorisation de ces trois espèces dans l’industrie, et plus particulièrement dans la nutrition et la cosmétiqueHalophytes are salt tolerant or salt-resistant plants which undergo high stress in their natural habitat. As a consequence of environmental stresses, they produce a number of active defense molecules which display interesting biological activities because of their diverse actions or structures. For the present study, three halophytic species were selected from preliminary antioxidant screening. In collaboration with Salipouss SME, objectives of the work were (i) to optimize in vitro halophyte multiplication in order to produce biomass under greenhouse and (ii) to elicit particular metabolic pathways in order to improve extract activities. To attempt to isolate molecules with potentially valuable activities, the variety of compounds from these extracts is reduced by successive fractionations. In addition, NMR analyzes allow to obtain indications on the nature and on the structure of the active compounds. First results highlight the strong activities of the selected halophytes, making them promising candidates for industrial uses, especially in nutrition and cosmetics
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Coulombier, Noémie Dominique Brigitte. "Evaluation des microalgues sélectionnées en Nouvelle-Calédonie comme source potentielle d'anti-oxydants naturels : identification des molécules anti-radicalaires et stimulation de leur biosynthèse par orientation métabolique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nouvelle Calédonie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NCAL0002.
Abstract (sommario):
Une demande croissante d’antioxydants naturels alternatifs aux antioxydants synthétiques a émergé dans l’industrie agroalimentaire, cosmétique et nutraceutique. La majorité des antioxydants naturels actuellement disponibles sur le marché sont issus des végétaux terrestres, cependant les microalgues par leur chimiodiversité, leur productivité et les possibilités de culture contrôlée offrent un grand potentiel. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’évaluer le potentiel de microalgues isolées en Nouvelle-Calédonie comme source d’antioxydants naturels. Une trentaine d’espèces de microalgues ont été isolées dans le lagon calédonien sur un critère de croissance par une méthode de dilution-exclusion. Un criblage de l’activité antioxydante a ensuite été réalisé sur douze de ces espèces, cultivées à deux intensités lumineuses (faible et forte) en utilisant quatre tests antioxydants différents : DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) et TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances). Les résultats du criblage antioxydant ont montré l’importance d’utiliser plusieurs tests antioxydants et l’impact notable de l’intensité lumineuse sur l’activité antioxydante. Le criblage a également permis de mettre en évidence deux espèces d’intérêt Nephroselmis sp. et Tetraselmis sp. pour lesquelles l’influence de certains paramètres de culture sur l’activité antioxydante a été étudiée. Nephroselmis sp. a une forte capacité à neutraliser les radicaux peroxyles grâce à un contenu important en caroténoïdes, et contient un caroténoïde d’intérêt encore peu étudié, la siphonaxanthine. Il a été montré qu’il était nécessaire que la culture de Nephroselmis sp. ne soit pas limitée en azote pour favoriser la production de caroténoïdes antioxydants, en particulier la siphonaxanthine.Tetraselmis sp. a montré une forte capacité à inhiber la peroxydation des lipides. L’étude de l’influence du pH (6,5 et 8,5) et du mode de culture (batch vs continu) sur l’activité antioxydante et la photophysiologie de Tetraselmis sp. ont mis en évidence l’importance de ces deux paramètres sur l’activité antioxydante qui est optimisée lorsque la microalgue est dans un bon état physiologique. Ces résultats révèlent le potentiel des microalgues isolées en Nouvelle-Calédonie comme source d’antioxydants naturels, et l’impact important des conditions de culture sur l’activité antioxydante. La connaissance des différents mécanismes doit maintenant être approfondie sur des modèles cellulaires et l’origine des molécules impliquées doit être caractérisée par une approche métabolomiqueThe demand has increased for natural antioxidant as an alternative to synthetic antioxidant for food, cosmetic and nutraceutical industry. Most natural antioxidant currently available on the market are derived from terrestrial plant. However, microalgae, with their chemodiversity, productivity and controlled cultivation possibilities, are a promising source of antioxidant. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the potential of microalgae isolated in New Caledonia as a source of natural antioxidants. About thirty species of microalgae were isolated in the caledonian lagoon for their high growth rate by a dilution-exclusion method. A screening of antioxidant activity was then carried out on twelve species, grown at two light intensities (low and high), using four different antioxidant assays: DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) and TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances). The results of the antioxidant screening showed the need to use several antioxidant assays and the significant impact of light intensity on antioxidant activity. The screening also highlighted two species of interest, Nephroselmis sp. and Tetraselmis sp.. The influence of some culture parameters on antioxidant activity was studied for these two species. Nephroselmis sp. has a strong capacity to scavenge peroxyl radicals owing to its high carotenoid content. In addition, this species has a carotenoid of interest that is still little studied, siphonaxanthin. It has been shown that the cultivation of Nephroselmis sp. should not be limited in nitrogen to promote the production of antioxidant carotenoids, in particular siphonaxanthin.Tetraselmis sp. has been shown to have a strong capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The study of the influence of pH (6.5 and 8.5) and culture mode (batch vs. continuous) on the antioxidant activity and photophysiology of Tetraselmis sp. highlighted the importance of these two parameters on the antioxidant activity which is optimized when the microalgae is in a good physiological state. These results reveal the potential of microalgae isolated in New Caledonia as a source of natural antioxidants, and the high impact of culture conditions on antioxidant activity. Knowledge of the different mechanisms must now be deepened on cellular models and the origin of the molecules involved must be characterized by a metabolomic approach
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Kinnunen, Leann Helka. "Evidence of a neurochemical difference between the brains of exclusively homosexual and exclusively heterosexual men : differential effects of fluoxetine on cerebral glucose metabolism /". 2001. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3029510.
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Costa, Daniela Craveiro da. "FEMALE SOCCER PLAYER: body and cardiac size, 4-component body composition, short and middle term metabolic fitness, isokinetic strength and goal orientations". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83859.
Abstract (sommario):
Dissertação de Mestrado em Treino Desportivo para Crianças e Jovens apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação FísicaO futebol feminino tem vindo a ser cada vez mais reconhecido em Portugal. Na presente época (2016/2017), a Federação Portuguesa de Futebol (FPF) reportou 1018 atletas seniores femininas federadas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi obter um perfil multidimensional de atletas portuguesas de futebol feminino. A amostra foi composta por 20 atletas (n=20) do mais alto nível competitivo no país (23.09 ±6.11 anos, 163.0±6.5 cm e 58.9±6.5 kg). As atletas foram sujeitas a avaliações da antropometria do corpo todo, pletismografia de ar deslocado (ADP), absorciometria de raio-x de dupla energia (DXA), morfologia da mão, ecocardiografia, bioimpedância (BIA), questionário de frequência alimentar (FFQ), questionário de orientação para a tarefa e para o ego (TEOSQ), performance aeróbia, teste anaeróbico de wingate, dinamometria isocinética (flexores e extensores do joelho 60, 180 °. s-1) e dinamometria manual. Os resultados permitem traçar um perfil do tamanho corporal, antropometria, composição corporal, ingestão nutricional, vias metabólicas, força muscular, orientação motivacional. A amostra mostrou uma grande amplitude na maioria das variáveis. Esta amplitude deveria ser melhor quando a equipa realiza as mesmas unidades de treino e exercícios. Os participantes apresentaram volumes maiores no membro dominant e alguns precisam de diminuir a quantidade de massa gorda e aumentar a massa muscular. Os valores médios encontrados para as vias metabólicas e força muscular foram semelhantes a estudos anteriores no entanto com uma grande amplitude e outros métodos para avaliar a ingestão nutricional em atletas devem ser aplicados. No final do estudo cada participante fica com um relatório individual que pode ser útil no planeamento do treino e definição de objetivos daqueles que trabalham diretamente com as atletas de futebol feminino.
Women soccer has been increasingly recognized in Portugal. In the present season (2016/2017), the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF) reported 1018 senior female soccer athletes federated. The main aim of this study was to obtain a multidimensional profile of Portuguese female soccer players. The sample comprised twenty female soccer players (n=20) from the highest competitive level in the country (aged 23.09 ±6.11 years, stature 163.0±6.5 cm and body mass 58.9±6.5 kg) that were submitted to anthropometry of the whole body, air displacement plethysmography (ADP), dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), hand morphology, echocardiography, bioimpedance (BIA), food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), task and ego orientation in sport questionnaire (TEOSQ), aerobic fitness, wingate anaerobic test, dynamometry isokinetic (flexors and extensors of the knee 60, 180 °. s-1) and dynamometry manual tests. The results provided a profile of the body size, anthropometry, body composition, food intake, metabolic pathways, muscle strength and motivational orientation of the athletes. The studied sample showed a large range in an amount of variables. This ranges should be lower when the team is doing the same training units with the same exercises. The participants have reported higher volume values in the dominant member and some of them need to decrease the body fat mass and increase the muscle mass. The mean values for metabolic pathways and muscle strength showed similarities with previous studies, however they still reported a large range and another methods to assess the food intake in athletes need to be applied. At the end of the study each participant had an individual report that can be useful in the planning of the training and the definition of goals for those that work directly with the female soccer athletes.
Libri sul tema "Metabolic orientation":
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Masao, Norita, Bando Takehiko e Stein Barry E, a cura di. Extrageniculostriate mechanisms underlying visually-guided orientation behavior. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996.
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Takao, Kumazawa, Kruger Lawrence e Mizumura Kazue, a cura di. The polymodal receptor: A gateway to pathological pain. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996.
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(Editor), T. Kumazawa, L. Kruger (Editor) e K. Mizumura (Editor), a cura di. The Polymodal Receptor - A Gateway to Pathological Pain (Progress in Brain Research). Elsevier Science, 1996.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Metabolic orientation":
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Pérez-Rincón, Mario Alejandro. "Materials Flow Analysis in Latin America". In Studies in Ecological Economics, 123–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_11.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractBased on a systematic and organized literature review, the academic production for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) on Material Flow Analysis (MFA) was evaluated. This allowed us to know the research developments and to identify the influence of the “Barcelona School” (EB) and Professor Joan Martínez-Alier in this field of work in the region. The general balance of the literature reviewed (47 texts), shows the important influence of the EB for LAC: more than half of the publications have its origin, more than a third correspond to doctoral theses linked to the ICTA-UAB and 30% are published in journals originating in the ICTA-UAB. Thematically, the articles evaluated incorporate the main topics promoted by the EB. They are oriented towards studying the relationships between the metabolic dynamics of economies, environmental pressures and liabilities, and ecological distributive conflicts. These orientations correspond precisely to Professor Martínez-Alier’s central field of work: the link between ecological economics and political ecology. Methodologically, the potential and weaknesses of MFA were identified. Long-term material flow series have the potential to study large material-economic transitions, but little depth. Short and more detailed series, combining MFA with other methodologies, allow to better delve into the black box of energy-material flows and the environmental impacts of economic dynamics.
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Fellows, Linda E., Geoffrey C. Kite, Robert J. Nash, Monique S. J. Simmonds e Anthony M. Scofield*. "Distribution and biological activity of alkaloidal glycosidase inhibitors from plants". In Nitrogen Metabolism of Plants, 271–82. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577522.003.0016.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Alkaloidal glycosidase inhibitors (AG Is), which have been reported to occur in many species of higher plants, bacteria and fungi, are probably widespread in nature. They belong to five different chemical structural types, namely polyhydroxylated derivatives of piperidine, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, octahydroindolizine, and pyrrolizidine. Certain of the simpler piperidine and pyrrolidine derivatives bear an obvious structural resemblance to 1-deoxy monosaccharides, with the ring oxygen replaced by nitrogen. The orientation of hydroxy groups on the more complex bicyclic structures also suggests a structural resemblance to sugars. AG Is exhibit a range of different types of biological activity. The structures of all AG Is described to date are shown in Figs 16.1-16.3 For simplicity compounds will be referred to by their common names or abbreviations, if any, in this chapter.
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Kumar, Shivram, e Kelly D. Flemming. "Neurologic Associations With Cardiac, Pulmonary, Renal, Hepatobiliary, and Hematologic Disease". In Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review, a cura di Kelly D. Flemming, 1160–69. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512166.003.0127.
Abstract (sommario):
The brain has a higher demand for cardiac output than any other organ, and it strictly relies on oxygen and glucose metabolism. Consequently, the brain is exquisitely sensitive to homeostatic disturbances and extraneural organ dysfunction leading to cardiac, pulmonary, renal, hepatobiliary, and hematologic diseases. The primary neurologic manifestation of extraneural organic dysfunction is diffuse bihemispheric dysfunction or encephalopathy, which often lacks lateralizing or localizing signs. Common clinical findings are lethargy, difficulty with attention and orientation, sleep-wake disturbance, and psychomotor slowing. As organic dysfunction progresses, a moderate encephalopathy ensues, with worsening cognitive function, gross disorientation, hypoactive or hyperactive psychomotor state, frontal release signs, asterixis, and myoclonus. If organ failure (eg, hepatic or renal) progresses further, stupor and coma may result unless organ function improves. Patients with underlying organic brain disease from degenerative dementia can decompensate out of proportion to neurologically normal counterparts, resulting in encephalopathy even from minor organ dysfunction or infection.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Metabolic orientation":
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Burns, Stephen A., A. E. Elsner, Jean-Marie Gorrand, Mark R. Kreitz e Francois C. Delori. "Comparison of Reflectometric and Psychophysical Measures of Cone Orientation". In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.tuc2.
Abstract (sommario):
The intensity and color of a light determined psychophysically depends on where the light enters the eyes pupil, (the Stiles-Crawford effect10). This effect occurs due to the physical orientation and waveguide properties of the cone photoreceptors. In principle the measurement of cone alignment and orientation is a powerful clinical technique, providing direct information on the status of the outer retina. The outer retina is very sensitive to retinal and systemic disease, due in part to its high metabolic activity. Healthy photoreceptors are well oriented, and the orientation is maintained by an active process, with cones recovering their orientation following insult or disease4,5,8,9. In practice it has proven to be dificult to obtain a full map of cone orientation in a naive subject, and this has limited the use of the Stiles-Crawford effect for clinical research.
2
Cocklin, Simon, Rama Karadsheh e Megan Meuser. "Composition and orientation of the core region of novel HIV-1 entry inhibitors influences metabolic stability". In 6th International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc2020-07468.
3
D’Amore, Antonio, John A. Stella, David E. Schmidt, William R. Wagner e Michael S. Sacks. "Micro-Meso Scale Model of Electrospun Poly (Ester Urethane) Urea Scaffolds". In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205531.
Abstract (sommario):
Soft tissue engineering applications require accurate descriptions of native and engineered tissue microstructure and their contributions to global mechanical behavior [1–6]. Moreover, micro scale based mechanical models can be used to: (1) guide tissue engineering scaffold design, (2) provide a better understanding of cellular mechanical and metabolic response to local micro-structural deformations, and (3) investigate structural changes as a function of deformation across multiple scales. We present a novel approach to automatically collect micro-architectural data (fibers overlaps, fiber connectivity, and fiber orientation) from SEM images of electrospun poly (ester urethane) urea (PEUU) to recreate statistically equivalent scaffold mechanical models. More importantly, an appropriate representative volume element (RVE) size was selected to fully capture both critical micro-scale architectural information, as well as reproducing the larger-scale directional long fiber mechanical behavior. This approach produced material models by specifying fiber overlap density, fiber orientation, and connectivity allowing the bulk mechanical response to be determined at the meso and micro scale via FEM simulations.
4
Braga, Anna Carlinda Arantes de Almeida, Patryk Marques da Silva Rosa, Luiza Monteiro dos Santos, Igor Yury Silva, Ana Elisa Choucair Hosken Arão, Maria Eduarda de Almeida Braga, Isabella Cristina Silva e Homero Gusmão de Almeida. "Optic Neuritis and its several etiologies". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.742.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction: Optic neuritis (ON) is characterized by a condition of the optic nerve´s demyelinating inflammation, unilateral or bilateral involvement, which can lead to painful visual loss, color blindness, and other neurological and systemic impairments. Because it has several etiologies, ON is underdiagnosed and the studies seek an integrative review to identify the causes and differential diagnoses for the proper management. Methods: An analysis of scientific publications in the Pubmed and ScienceDirect databases was realized using the descriptors Optic Neuritis and diagnosis. Results: The diagnosis of ON is made by clinical findings associating neuroimage tests. About 60% of diagnosed patients have an alternative diagnosis; as optic neuropathies of anterior ischemic causes, Leber’s hereditary neuropathy and compressive neuropathies; infiltrative; toxic-metabolic or vitamin B12 deficiency. ON has different etiologies, such as infectious, paraneoplastic, autoimmune and demyelinating, so a directed anamnesis and ophthalmological examination is essential for professional´s orientation. The investigation of infectious, parainfectious and inflammatory causes must include the research of diseases such as syphilis, ricketsiosis, toxoplasmosis, mycobacteriosis, HIV and herpes zoster, and the recent vaccination. It is necessary to investigate autoimmune diseases, due to the increased risk of the coexistence of autoantibodies that attack structures of the optic nerve. Within the spectrum of demyelinating lesions, Multiple Sclerosis is the most common etiology, although Neuromyelitis Optica, Schilder Disease and Encephalitis Periaxilis Concentric should be remembered. Conclusion: When considering the various causes, it is necessary for professionals to make the diagnosis with effective clinical evaluation, with complementary tests, essential for the proper patient´s management.
5
Dehnavi, Elham Soltani, e Christopher Meek. "X-Maps: A Computational Method for Space Planning Using Multi-Variate Occupant Comfort". In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.4.
Abstract (sommario):
The indoor experience can be affected by several environmental conditions such as visual comfort, thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, air quality, biophilia, layout, and aesthetic. In most cases, there are physical metrics for calculating the occupant’s comfort inside the building by considering the acceptable ranges defined by widely recognized standards. Unfortunately, some of these aspects conflict with each other, and most studies have focused on just one aspect of comfort in isolation. Also, in most cases, putting the same weight to all factors can result in inappropriate conclusions because occupants give more importance to some factors compared with the others. Therefore, ranking comfort parameters based on occupants’ preference is of great importance. There are also factors that are not defined by standards, but by culture and climate, such as occupants’ characteristics such as metabolic rate and clothing insulation, building’s characteristics, and climate building’s physical location and orientation. Conventional practices often produce very similar solutions for different locations and conditions without considering the factors mentioned above. So, the objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive tool that overlaps multiple comfort factors in office buildings and can give designers an overall and broader perspective on space planning by comparing different zones inside the office from a comfort point of view based on conditions and locations. Computer simulation is used to provide the information needed. The simulation tools include the visual scripting software Grasshopper and plugins such as Ladybug, Honeybee, and EnergyPlus. In order to produce the X-Maps (experience maps), annual and point-in-time climate-based comfort metrics are selected for comfort evaluation and simulation. The results are reflected graphically in the form of a tool which is intended to guide designers at early stages of the office interior space planning process.
6
Kroon, Wilco, Tammo Delhaas, Peter Bovendeerd e Theo Arts. "Adaptation of the Cardiac Myofiber Orientations Through Deformation: Computational Analysis of the Myocardial Structure". In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192765.
Abstract (sommario):
The distribution of mechanical load throughout the wall is very sensitive to the myofiber orientation [1]. Yet, heterogeneity myofiber shortening, metabolism as well as oxygen consumption is limited, indicating heterogeneity in mechanical load is limited [2,4]. This suggests that mechanical loading is able to control the myofiber direction. However, the relation between mechanical loading and the myocardial structure remains unclear. Understanding this relation may be useful to gain additional knowledge about the role of mechanical factors in (patho-)physiology of the myocardial structure.
7
Kobelkova, I. V., M. M. Korosteleva e M. S. Kobelkova. "АДАПТАЦИОННЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ КАК КОМПОНЕНТ ПСИХО-ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ ЮНЫХ СПОРТСМЕНОВ". In ПЕРВЫЙ МЕЖКОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ЭКСТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС «ПЛАНЕТА ПСИХОТЕРАПИИ 2022: ДЕТИ. СЕМЬЯ. ОБЩЕСТВО. БУДУЩЕЕ». Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2022.23.81.001.
Abstract (sommario):
The psycho-emotional well-being of an athlete is one of the important components of his/her adaptive potential. Particularly relevant is the development of measures to ensure psychological safety in children's sports; children are characterized by the lability of the nervous system, increased physiological needs due to high specific energy consumption and growth processes, which makes them extremely susceptible to psychological discomfort. Athletes exposed to chronic stress report feelings of anxiety and depression, low self-esteem, which leads to reduced adaptive capacity, social isolation and reduced performance. Highly qualified medical and biological support should play an integral role in the prevention of depression in sports. There are certain difficulties with the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of this condition, therefore, to improve professional performance, regular examination with the involvement of a psychologist is necessary. To maintain optimal performance and emotional stability, microorganisms with a psychobiotic orientation are used. The term "psychobiotics" refers to live bacteria that directly or indirectly have a positive effect on neuronal function by colonizing the intestinal flora. Increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in the gut has been shown to reduce inflammation and cortisol levels, reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, and improve memory. There are relationships between psychobiotics, cognitive and behavioral processes that include neurological, metabolic, hormonal and immunological signaling pathways; the modified impact on which leads to an increase in the effectiveness of training and competitive activities. It is necessary to improve the educational level of the coaching staff, create conditions for the formation of trusting partnerships with the coach, parents, team members to ensure the harmonious physical and psycho-emotional well-being of young athletes. Of particular interest is the further study of the possible influence of microorganisms on the psycho-emotional state, volitional sphere and motivation of athletes. Адаптационный потенциал спортсмена является одним из важнейших компонентов его психо-эмоционального благополучия. Особенно актуальной представляется разработка мероприятий по обеспечению психологической безопасности в детском спорте. Дети отличаются лабильностью нервной системы, повышенными физиологическими потребностями вследствие высоких удельных энерготрат, в том числе процессов роста и развития, что делает их крайне восприимчивыми к психологическому дискомфорту. Спортсмены, подвергающиеся хроническому стрессу, сообщают о чувстве тревоги и депрессии, низкой самооценке, что приводит к снижению адаптационного потенциала, социальной изоляции и снижению профессиональной результативности. Высококвалифицированное медико-биологическое сопровождение должно играть неотъемлемую роль в профилактике депрессивных состояний юных спортсменов. Существуют определенные трудности с этиологическими факторами, критериями, диагностики и лечением этого состояния, поэтому для повышения профессиональной результативности необходим более частый, чем углубленное медицинское обследование, регулярный мониторинг с привлечением психолога. Для поддержания оптимальной работоспособности и эмоциональной стабильности в рацион питания спортсменов вводят микроорганизмы с психобиотической направленностью. Под термином «психобиотики» понимают живые бактерии, которые колонизируя кишечную флору, прямо или косвенно оказывают положительное влияние на функции нейронов. Доказано, что увеличение количества полезных бактерий в кишечнике снижает степень выраженности воспаления и уровень кортизола, уменьшает симптомы депрессии и тревожности, улучшить память. Между психобиотическими микроорганизмами, когнитивными и поведенческими процессами существует взаимосвязь, которая реализуется через неврологические, метаболические, гормональные и иммунологические сигнальные пути; модифицированное воздействие на которые приводит к повышению эффективности тренировочной и соревновательной деятельности. Необходимо повышать образовательный уровень тренерского состава, создавать условия для формирования доверительных партнерских отношений с тренером, родителями, членами команды для обеспечения гармоничного физического и психо-эмоционального благополучия юных спортсменов. Особый интерес вызывает дальнейшее изучение возможного влияния микроорганизмов на волевую сферу и мотивацию спортсменов.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Metabolic orientation":
1
Cohen, Jerry D., e Ephraim Epstein. Metabolism of Auxins during Fruit Development and Ripening. United States Department of Agriculture, agosto 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7573064.bard.
Abstract (sommario):
We had proposed to look at several aspects of auxin metabolism in fruit tissues: 1) IAA biosynthesis from tryptophan and IAA biosynthesis via the non-tryptophan pathway; 2) changes in the capacity to form conjugates and catabolites of auxin at different times during fruit development and; 3) the effects of modifying auxin metabolism in fruit tissues. The latter work focused primarily on the maize iaglu gene, with initial studies also using a bacterial gene for hydrolysis of IAA-aspartate. These metabolic and molecular studies were necessary to define potential benefits of auxin metabolism modification and will direct future efforts for crop improvement by genetic methods. An in vitro system was developed for the production of tomato fruit in culture starting from immature flowers in order to ascertain the effect of auxin modification on fruit ripening. IAA supplied to the fruit culture media prior to breaker stage resulted in an increase in the time period between breaker and red-ripe stages from 7 days without additional IAA to 12 days when 10-5 M IAA was added. These results suggest that significant changes in the ripening period could be obtained by alteration of auxin relationships in tomato fruit. We generated transgenic tomato plants that express either the maize iaglu gene or reduced levels of the gene that encodes the enzyme IAA-glucose synthetase. A modified shuttle vector pBI 121 expressing the maize iaglu gene in both sense and antisense orientations under a 35S promoter was used for the study. The sense plants showed total lack of root initiation and development. The antisense transgenic plants, on the other hand, had unusually well developed root systems at early stages in development. Analysis showed that the amount and activity of the endogenous 75 kDa IAGLU protein was reduced in these plants and consequently these plants had reduced levels of IAA-glucose and lower overall esterified IAA.
2
Bennett, Alan B., Arthur Schaffer e David Granot. Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Fructose Accumulation: A Strategy to Improve Fruit Quality. United States Department of Agriculture, giugno 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7571353.bard.
Abstract (sommario):
The goal of the research project was to evaluate the potential to genetically modify or engineer carbohydrate metabolism in tomato fruit to enhance levels of fructose, a sugar with nearly twice the sweetness value of other sugars. The specific research objectives to achieve that goal were to: 1. Establish the inheritance of a fructose-accumulating trait identified in F1 hybrids of an inferspecific cross between L. hirsutum XL. esculentum and identify linked molecular markers to facilitate its introgression into tomato cultivars. This objective was completed with the genetic data indicating a single major gene, termed Fgr (Fructose glucose ratio), that controlled the partitioning of hexose in the mature fruit. Molecular markers for the gene, were developed to aid introgression of this gene into cultivated tomato. In addition, a second major gene encoding fructokinase 2 (FK2) was found to be a determinant of the fructose to glucose ratio in fruit. The relationship between FK2 and Fgr is epistatic with a combined synergistic effect of the two hirsutum-derived genes on fructose/glucose ratios. 2. Characterize the metabolic and transport properties responsible for high fructose/glucose ratios in fructose-accumulating genotypes. The effect of both the Fgr and FK2 genes on the developmental accumulation of hexoses was studied in a wide range of genetic backgrounds. In all backgrounds the trait is a developmental one and that the increase in fructose to glucose ratio occurs at the breaker stage of fruit development. The following enzymes were assayed, none of which showed differences between genotypes, at either the breaker or ripe stage: invertase, sucrose synthase, FK1, FK2, hexokinase, PGI and PGM. The lack of effect of the FK2 gene on fructokinase activity is surprising and at present we have no explanation for the phenomenon. However, the hirsutum derived Fgr allele was associated with significantly lower levels of phosphorylated glucose, G1c-1-P and G1c-6-P and concomitantly higher levels of the phosphorylated fructose, Fru-6-P, in both the breaker and ripe stage. This suggests a significant role for the isomerase reaction. 3. Develop and implement molecular genetic strategies for the production of transgenic plants with altered levels of enzymes that potentially control fructose/glucose ratios in fruit. This objective focused on manipulating hexokinase and fructokinase expression in transgenic plants. Two highly divergent cDNA clones (Frk1 and Frk2), encoding fructokinase (EC 2.7.1.4), were isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and a potato fructokinase cDNA clone was obtained from Dr. Howard Davies. Following expression in yeast, each fructokinase was identified to code for one of the tomato or potato fructokinase isoforms Transgenic tomato plants were generated with the fructokinase cDNA clone in both sense and antisense orientations and the effect of the gene on tomato plants is currently being studied.