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1
Umphrey, Laura Ruth. "The effects of message framing and message processing on cognitive and behavioral outcomes: An examination of breast self-examination messages". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290290.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study examined the effects of message framing, message processing and issue involvement on breast self-examination attitudes and behaviors. A health frame message processing model was developed and tested in the context of a detection behavior based on prospect theory (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981) and the heuristic-systematic model (HSM) (Chaiken, 1980). Participants were exposed to either a gain frame message emphasizing the consequences of performing breast self-examinations or a loss frame message emphasizing the consequences of not performing breast self-examinations. Women who were classified as defensive processors displayed maladaptive responses in the form of minimization or denial of the health issue in a thought-listing task following exposure to the message stimuli. The results of the study indicated that (a) women with less self-efficacy engaged in maladaptive responses; (b) there were no framing-related differences in attitudes for high involvement women who processed the messages objectively; (c) high involvement women who engaged in defensive processing responded more negatively to the loss frame message than the gain frame message; (d) attitudes were significant predictors of behavioral intentions; (e) behavioral intentions were significant predictors of behaviors; and (f) low involvement women who received loss frame messages felt more susceptible to breast cancer than low involvement women who received gain frame messages. Limitations, suggestions for future research, and implications for health care professionals are discussed.
2
Shin, Mija. "Emotional message processing a dual system approach /". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3223075.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Telecommunications, 2006."Title from dissertation home page (viewed June 27, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-06, Section: A, page: 1964. Adviser: Annie Lang.
3
Wong, Kar Leong. "A message controller for distributed processing systems". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312309.
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4
Ng, Jien-Hau. "Message routing interface for multiprocessor networks". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369310.
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5
Reinsmith, Lee V. "POST-FLIGHT 1553 MESSAGE REDUCTION AND PROCESSING SYSTEM". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608572.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1994 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper describes the application software used in the Message Processing System at the Air Force Development Test Center (AFDTC), Eglin AFB. The focus is on the Alpha AXP application software designed and developed to log, process, and reformat IRIG Chapter 8 1553 data. The main data reduction and editing capabilities of the processing phase are explained: message output selection, message output sampling, message translation, error identification, and IRIG Chapter 8 time editing. The design of and methods used to produce the output files, the BBNProbe STD file, and the 1553 message summary report are described. This software’s flexibility and comprehensiveness in processing, reducing, and re-formatting 1553 message data will enable AFDTC to satisfy current and future post-mission processing requirements.
6
Baker, Sara Marie. "Majority and minority influence : a message processing perspective /". The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487779439848568.
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7
Wilkenloh, Christopher Joselane. "Design of a reliable message transaction protocol". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8307.
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8
田慶豐 e Hing-fung Ting. "Examples of time-message tradeoffs in distributed algorithms". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31208393.
Testo completo
9
Fry, Marie-Louise. "Message processing of fear-based anti-drink driving advertisements". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16381/1/Mary-Louise_Fry_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
While overall road deaths in Australia have fallen since the late 1980's and the impact of road-safety advertising appears to be positive, alcohol-related road fatalities remain the leading cause of death among young Australian adults. Fatality and injury rates continue within this cohort despite increases in alcohol-related knowledge, continuing education efforts in the Australian school system, increased funding for police enforcement and high media presence of road safety advertising (Peder et al 2004). Notwithstanding advances in communication technologies, highly graphic, emotional, shock style television advertising remains the primary medium for road safety message dissemination. Rather than targeting those highest at-risk for drink driving, road safety advertisements typically target an undifferentiated general audience. To date understanding the process by which road safety advertising influences attitudes and behaviour has been the centre of fear arousal research. Nonetheless, there has been little examination of how young adults who differ in drink-driving risk-propensity (high versus low) respond to and process anti-drink driving advertisements designed to modify an avoidable behaviour. Taking a receiver oriented approach, the focus of this study examines how young adult, novice drivers who differ in 'need-for-sensation' (NFS) risk propensity respond to, and process, anti-drink driving advertisements that differ in arousal capacity (i.e. high, low sensation-value). The investigation was conducted in two stages: Study 1 (qualitative) and Study II (quantitative). Study I, the qualitative phase, explored by focus group interviews attitudes, perceptions, beliefs and experiences of sixty young adults aged 18 to 25 years towards alcohol consumption, drink-driving, and anti-drink driving advertising. The major qualitative finding is that young adults characterise drink-driving as a rational, deliberate, planned and accepted behaviour. Young adults were aware of the choices available for not drinking and driving and were aware of the health, social and physical (self and property) risks associated with alcohol consumption and associated behaviours. Nonetheless, the short-term personal experiences of revelry and group cohesion were more pertinent to them on an everyday basis. Alcohol consumption and drink-driving behaviour did not appear to differ between university and nonuniversity students or gender, yet there were differences in attitudes and behaviour across the degree studied within the university cohort. Study II, the quantitative phase, was segmented into three sections. First, the study provides empirical support for NFS as a relevant a priori individual differences segmentation variable for differentiating between those more likely, versus less likely, to engage in responsible drink-driving behaviour. As expected low NFS individuals were more likely to not drink and drive. Second, findings support an interaction effect between an advertisement's sensation value and individual differences variable, NFS, on response outcomes. High NFS individuals engaged in higher levels of adaptive appraisal on the high sensation-value advertisement condition as compared to the low sensationvalue advertisement condition. Low NFS individuals did not discriminate across either advertisement condition. Adaptive appraisal was not counteracted by a corresponding increase in maladaptive appraisal. Both high and low NFS individuals viewed the high sensation-value advertisement condition with high levels of perceived threat and viewed the low sensation-value advertisement with higher levels of perceived efficacy. Yet, although high NFS individuals viewed the high sensation-value advertisement with high levels of threat they simultaneously viewed this advertisement with low levels of perceived efficacy. Third, NFS was not found to be a strong predictor moderating the relationship between message processing (cognitive, sensory, narrative) and response outcomes. The findings indicate strong support for a direct relationship between two modes of message processing: cognitive and narrative processing and response outcomes. Message recipients processed anti-drink driving advertisements via two routes to persuasion. There was stronger cognitive processing evident on advertisements possessing high arousal capacity, whereas stronger narrative processing was evident on low arousal capacity advertisements. This study suggests that those advertisements that possess high arousal capacity have the capability of facilitating attention to the central argument, the consequences of drinking and driving, as well as how drinking and driving may affect the message recipients' life. Alternatively, those messages that impart high levels of rational information have the capability of increasing attention to the peripheral cues in the message. It is also suggested that different styles of message processing, central versus peripheral, act in a synergistic way to influence response outcomes which indicates that there is no single route to persuasion. Individuals process messages in a complex manner attending to various signals in order to evaluate various components of the message. For road safety practitioners and social marketers the results of this study illustrates practical benefits for the design of anti-drink driving advertisements based on the segmentation variable NFS. The finding that high NFS individuals require advertisements that possess high levels of arousal capacity (i.e.: high in sensation-value) is an important development. Importantly, low NFS individuals do not discriminate in accepting the recommendations of advertisements that differ in arousal capacity clearly suggests that they accept messages regardless of their arousal capacity. This finding indicates that the goal of road traffic authorities, advertising agencies and social marketers should be directed towards targeting high NFS individuals who are more atrisk for a drink-drive fatality. That message recipients process anti-drink driving messages via two routes to persuasion indicates that message designers need to consider the mix between the sensation-value of the message and consideration of the way message recipients' process the message, i.e. via central/systematic versus peripheral/heuristic components of the advertisement. Further investigation into the dual processing of anti-drink driving advertisements once individuals are exposed to the message is warranted to further understand the psychological processes influencing message processing. The findings of this research have important implications for both practitioners and academics. This research has provided an insight into the complexity of young adult's response outcomes and message processing of fear-based anti-drink driving messages.
10
Fry, Marie-Louise. "Message processing of fear-based anti-drink driving advertisements". Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16381/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
While overall road deaths in Australia have fallen since the late 1980's and the impact of road-safety advertising appears to be positive, alcohol-related road fatalities remain the leading cause of death among young Australian adults. Fatality and injury rates continue within this cohort despite increases in alcohol-related knowledge, continuing education efforts in the Australian school system, increased funding for police enforcement and high media presence of road safety advertising (Peder et al 2004). Notwithstanding advances in communication technologies, highly graphic, emotional, shock style television advertising remains the primary medium for road safety message dissemination. Rather than targeting those highest at-risk for drink driving, road safety advertisements typically target an undifferentiated general audience. To date understanding the process by which road safety advertising influences attitudes and behaviour has been the centre of fear arousal research. Nonetheless, there has been little examination of how young adults who differ in drink-driving risk-propensity (high versus low) respond to and process anti-drink driving advertisements designed to modify an avoidable behaviour. Taking a receiver oriented approach, the focus of this study examines how young adult, novice drivers who differ in 'need-for-sensation' (NFS) risk propensity respond to, and process, anti-drink driving advertisements that differ in arousal capacity (i.e. high, low sensation-value). The investigation was conducted in two stages: Study 1 (qualitative) and Study II (quantitative). Study I, the qualitative phase, explored by focus group interviews attitudes, perceptions, beliefs and experiences of sixty young adults aged 18 to 25 years towards alcohol consumption, drink-driving, and anti-drink driving advertising. The major qualitative finding is that young adults characterise drink-driving as a rational, deliberate, planned and accepted behaviour. Young adults were aware of the choices available for not drinking and driving and were aware of the health, social and physical (self and property) risks associated with alcohol consumption and associated behaviours. Nonetheless, the short-term personal experiences of revelry and group cohesion were more pertinent to them on an everyday basis. Alcohol consumption and drink-driving behaviour did not appear to differ between university and nonuniversity students or gender, yet there were differences in attitudes and behaviour across the degree studied within the university cohort. Study II, the quantitative phase, was segmented into three sections. First, the study provides empirical support for NFS as a relevant a priori individual differences segmentation variable for differentiating between those more likely, versus less likely, to engage in responsible drink-driving behaviour. As expected low NFS individuals were more likely to not drink and drive. Second, findings support an interaction effect between an advertisement's sensation value and individual differences variable, NFS, on response outcomes. High NFS individuals engaged in higher levels of adaptive appraisal on the high sensation-value advertisement condition as compared to the low sensationvalue advertisement condition. Low NFS individuals did not discriminate across either advertisement condition. Adaptive appraisal was not counteracted by a corresponding increase in maladaptive appraisal. Both high and low NFS individuals viewed the high sensation-value advertisement condition with high levels of perceived threat and viewed the low sensation-value advertisement with higher levels of perceived efficacy. Yet, although high NFS individuals viewed the high sensation-value advertisement with high levels of threat they simultaneously viewed this advertisement with low levels of perceived efficacy. Third, NFS was not found to be a strong predictor moderating the relationship between message processing (cognitive, sensory, narrative) and response outcomes. The findings indicate strong support for a direct relationship between two modes of message processing: cognitive and narrative processing and response outcomes. Message recipients processed anti-drink driving advertisements via two routes to persuasion. There was stronger cognitive processing evident on advertisements possessing high arousal capacity, whereas stronger narrative processing was evident on low arousal capacity advertisements. This study suggests that those advertisements that possess high arousal capacity have the capability of facilitating attention to the central argument, the consequences of drinking and driving, as well as how drinking and driving may affect the message recipients' life. Alternatively, those messages that impart high levels of rational information have the capability of increasing attention to the peripheral cues in the message. It is also suggested that different styles of message processing, central versus peripheral, act in a synergistic way to influence response outcomes which indicates that there is no single route to persuasion. Individuals process messages in a complex manner attending to various signals in order to evaluate various components of the message. For road safety practitioners and social marketers the results of this study illustrates practical benefits for the design of anti-drink driving advertisements based on the segmentation variable NFS. The finding that high NFS individuals require advertisements that possess high levels of arousal capacity (i.e.: high in sensation-value) is an important development. Importantly, low NFS individuals do not discriminate in accepting the recommendations of advertisements that differ in arousal capacity clearly suggests that they accept messages regardless of their arousal capacity. This finding indicates that the goal of road traffic authorities, advertising agencies and social marketers should be directed towards targeting high NFS individuals who are more atrisk for a drink-drive fatality. That message recipients process anti-drink driving messages via two routes to persuasion indicates that message designers need to consider the mix between the sensation-value of the message and consideration of the way message recipients' process the message, i.e. via central/systematic versus peripheral/heuristic components of the advertisement. Further investigation into the dual processing of anti-drink driving advertisements once individuals are exposed to the message is warranted to further understand the psychological processes influencing message processing. The findings of this research have important implications for both practitioners and academics. This research has provided an insight into the complexity of young adult's response outcomes and message processing of fear-based anti-drink driving messages.
11
Callaghan, Paul. "An evaluation of Lolita and related natural language processing systems". Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5024/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research addresses the question, "how do we evaluate systems like LOLITA?" LOLITA is the Natural Language Processing (NLP) system under development at the University of Durham. It is intended as a platform for building NL applications. We are therefore interested in questions of evaluation for such general NLP systems. The thesis has two, parts. The first, and main, part concerns the participation of LOLITA in the Sixth Message Understanding Conference (MUC-6). The MUC-relevant portion of LOLITA is described in detail. The adaptation of LOLITA for MUC-6 is discussed, including work undertaken by the author. Performance on a specimen article is analysed qualitatively, and in detail, with anonymous comparisons to competitors' output. We also examine current LOLITA performance. A template comparison tool was implemented to aid these analyses. The overall scores are then considered. A methodology for analysis is discussed, and a comparison made with current scores. The comparison tool is used to analyse how systems performed relative to each-other. One method, Correctness Analysis, was particularly interesting. It provides a characterisation of task difficulty, and indicates how systems approached a task. Finally, MUC-6 is analysed. In particular, we consider the methodology and ways of interpreting the results. Several criticisms of MUC-6 are made, along with suggestions for future MUC-style events. The second part considers evaluation from the point of view of general systems. A literature review shows a lack of serious work on this aspect of evaluation. A first principles discussion of evaluation, starting from a view of NL systems as a particular kind of software, raises several interesting points for single task evaluation. No evaluations could be suggested for general systems; their value was seen as primarily economic. That is, we are unable to analyse their linguistic capability directly.
12
Baker, James McCall Jr. "Run-time systems for fine-grain message-passing parallel computers". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15366.
Testo completo
13
Ting, Hing-fung. "Examples of time-message tradeoffs in distributed algorithms /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1234980X.
Testo completo
14
Kaye, Sherrie-Anne. "Individual differences in the processing of punishment and reward cues : an application to road safety messages". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/79616/1/Sherrie-Anne_Kaye_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examined the extent to which individual differences, as conceptualised by the revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, influenced young drivers' information processing and subsequent acceptance of anti-speeding messages. Using a multi-method approach, the findings highlighted the utility of combining objective measures (a cognitive response time task and electroencephalography) with self-report measures to assess message processing and message acceptance, respectively. This body of research indicated that responses to anti-speeding messages may differ depending on an individual's personality disposition. Overall, the research provided further insight into the development of message strategies to target high risk drivers.
15
Andell-Jonsson, Siv. "The effect of galanin message-associated peptide in spinal sensory processing /". Huddinge, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2656-5.
Testo completo
16
Cruz, Paul Anthony G. "Administrative (ZYB) Message processing: a simulation and analysis of implementation strategies". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22859.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In July 1985, the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) in response to increasing message traffic on the Fleet Broadcast System mandated the creation of the Administrative Message designation and the capability to remove or intercept such messages from the Fleet Broadcast should queue conditions warrant. In June 1986, the Commander, Naval Telecommunications Command (CNTC), promulgated guidance concerning the activation of an administrative message intercept. The CNTC guidance on activation of an intercept was based on output queue level of the congested Fleet Broadcast channel. Based on results generated from a GPSS V simulation of a single Fleet Broadcast output channel and the message responses of the affected Naval Communications Area Master Stations (NAVCAMS) to the CNTC guidance, a more comprehensive framework, consisting of two phases, policy and guidance development and on-station decision making, is proposed for use in decision making on the activation of an administrative intercept. The implementation of the recommended strategy would ensure a decision making process that is sensitive to both the priorities of the policy makers and the variables present in the communication environment
17
Ganapati, Nalini. "CoMet : a synthetic benchmark for message-passing architectures /". Full text open access at:, 1993. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,636.
Testo completo
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Wong, Ping-wai, e 黃炳蔚. "Semantic annotation of Chinese texts with message structures based on HowNet". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38212389.
Testo completo
19
Kiefer, Elizabeth Feldman. "When Messages Matter More: The moderating effect of avatar presence on message cue processing in cross-cutting political discussion". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282076415.
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20
Dao, Binh Vien. "Mechanisms for reliable message delivery in pipelined interconnection networks". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15657.
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21
Wilcox, Shelby. "The Influence of Social Distance and Attitudes on Processing Health Messages about Electronic Cigarettes on Social Media". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1561759035574032.
Testo completo
22
Batchu, Rajanikanth Reddy. "Incorporating fault-tolerant features into message-passing middleware". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04072003-215052.
Testo completo
23
Frost, Graham. "Reconfigurable FPGA-based message routing for embedded real-time parallel processing applications". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843699/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To meet the requirements of high performance embedded applications, this thesis proposes an architecture in which multiple general-purpose processors are connected through a communication network to form a parallel processing system. Two aspects of this approach are considered. A network for connecting multiple processors must provide high speed, low latency communication to ensure that inter-processor communications do not degrade the overall computation performance. A proposal to use programmable-logic-based message routing nodes to construct such a network is investigated and the advantages of this approach are explored. A network design, produced using the hardware description language VHDL, is described and its verification by simulation is presented. Routing mechanisms incorporated in the design to improve network utilisation include multicast, adaption and encapsulation. The construction of a small network and its verification using four processors to generate messages and verify message delivery is described. The successful use of programmable logic provides a foundation for developing networks in which the specific router design is based on matching the resources of the network to those required by the application using a library of routing functions. An investigation into the processing requirements of a system which uses video cameras on a railway carriage to measure the relative position of station platforms and the rails is presented. The implementation of two algorithms to provide the platform position in real-time is investigated, and the generation of a database of real sensor data for further off-line algorithm development is described. The results obtained show that the requirements of the video measurement application can be met with a reasonable number of processors, and provide a metric for estimating the processor requirements of future systems. A new technique is presented which uses image processing to calibrate the video cameras so that optical alignment of the cameras is no longer critical.
24
Baesler, Erland James. "Message processing of evidence and long-term retention and judgment of beliefs". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185392.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This communication study investigated characteristics of evidence that influenced memory and beliefs about juvenile delinquency across multiple time periods. Four hypotheses were proposed: (H1) vivid evidence is more memorable than nonvivid evidence, (H2) story evidence is more memorable than statistical evidence, (H3) vivid evidence is more persuasive than nonvivid evidence after 48 hours, but not after one week, and (H4) story evidence is more persuasive than statistical evidence after 1 week, but not after 48 hours. A 2 x 2 x 3 factorial design with an offset control was employed, using evidence (story or statistical), vividness (vivid or nonvivid), and time (immediate, or 48 hour delay, or 1 week delay) as independent variables, and recognition memory and judgment of belief as dependent variables. Four written messages, reflecting a complete crossing of evidence and vividness, were used as different types of evidence to attempt to persuade beliefs. A total of 280 undergraduate college students participated in the experiment. Hypotheses 1 and 2 were supported by main effects for vividness and evidence, and by a significant ordinal two-way interaction between vividness and evidence such that vivid story was the most memorable form of evidence. The two-way interactions used to test Hypotheses 3 and 4 were nonsignificant. A main effect for evidence related to Hypothesis 4 indicated that statistical evidence was more persuasive than story evidence at the delayed time periods. Thus, Hypotheses 3 and 4 were not supported. Alternative explanations were discussed to account for the persuasiveness of statistical evidence and the lack of persuasiveness of story evidence at the delayed time periods. Limitations of the study were noted, such as the small amount of experimental variance accounted for in some of the findings, and the limited generalizability of the findings. Finally, several suggestions for future research, including reconceptualizing evidence as a multidimensional construct, were presented.
25
Lyn, Ran. "Secret message sharing through JPEG images on social media platform". Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691312.
Testo completo
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Moore, Jensen J. "Examining the effects of blame vs. attack anti-tobacco messages using the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4875.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on March 11, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
27
Franks, Steven Craig. "IVDS System: Channel Simulation and Repeater Unit Design". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35438.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this thesis, an Interactive Video Data Service (IVDS) is developed. This service provides a mechanism for television viewers to interact with the program they are watching. Possible interactions include purchasing products from home shopping programs and requesting information from advertisers. Within the project, two areas were focused upon: channel simulation and the Repeater Unit. Additionally, the overall system was discussed along with its background.
The purpose of channel simulation was to demonstrate the viability of the unique communication channel model proposed for the IVDS system. This channel was implemented using uni-directional transmissions, without acknowledgments.
The Repeater Unit was designed to be a message processing system, intended to relay messages from system users to the home office. The design entailed both hardware and software. The hardware requirements were for a high level design, while the software required not only design, but implementation.Master of Science
28
Swientek, Martin. "High-performance near-time processing of bulk data". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3461.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Enterprise Systems like customer-billing systems or financial transaction systems are required to process large volumes of data in a fixed period of time. Those systems are increasingly required to also provide near-time processing of data to support new service offerings. Common systems for data processing are either optimized for high maximum throughput or low latency. This thesis proposes the concept for an adaptive middleware, which is a new approach for designing systems for bulk data processing. The adaptive middleware is able to adapt its processing type fluently between batch processing and single-event processing. By using message aggregation, message routing and a closed feedback-loop to adjust the data granularity at runtime, the system is able to minimize the end-to-end latency for different load scenarios. The relationship of end-to-end latency and throughput of batch and message-based systems is formally analyzed and a performance evaluation of both processing types has been conducted. Additionally, the impact of message aggregation on throughput and latency is investigated. The proposed middleware concept has been implemented with a research prototype and has been evaluated. The results of the evaluation show that the concept is viable and is able to optimize the end-to-end latency of a system. The design, implementation and operation of an adaptive system for bulk data processing differs from common approaches to implement enterprise systems. A conceptual framework has been development to guide the development process of how to build an adaptive software for bulk data processing. It defines the needed roles and their skills, the necessary tasks and their relationship, artifacts that are created and required by different tasks, the tools that are needed to process the tasks and the processes, which describe the order of tasks.
29
Couch, Alva Lind. "Graphical representations of program performance on hypercube message-passing multiprocessors /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 1988.
Cerca il testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 1988.Submitted to the Dept. of Mathematics. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
30
Collier, James Gordon. "Fear, Message Processing, and Memory: The Role of Emotional State and Production Pacing". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276636393.
Testo completo
31
Goltukhchyan, Gayane R. "Multiple message broadcasting and gossiping in the dynamically orientable graphs". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4896.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 231 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-133).
32
Hong, Chao, e 洪潮. "Parallel processing in power systems computation on a distributed memory message passing multicomputer". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124032X.
Testo completo
33
Mann, O. Karl. "An investigation of multiple message processing within the context of purchase intention change". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53893.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research empirically tests three models that predict the expected intention change that results when people read and think about written advertising copy. The three models were derived from the principals of information processing 4 theory. This framework predicts that change in intention is a function of the discrepancy between a message and the person's initial stance before reading the message. From information processing theory, three models are derived and empirically tested against one another. The three models make specific predictions about behavioral and cognitive processing of the content in an advertisement.
The three models tested in this research are termed the Presentation Model, the Random Model, and the Importance Model. The Presentation and Random Models assume that the way in which a multiple message is read determines the processing of the content. The Presentation Model assumes that people read down the page and change intention incrementally as they read. The Random Model assumes that people read copy by giving short consideration to each message and they cycle back through the copy, i.e., browsing several times. These two models were previously derived by Hunter, Danes and Cohen (1984).
In addition to the aforementioned two models, this research proposed a third model, the Importance Model. This model assumes that people read the copy and enter it into short term memory. They then rank order the messages according to the importance of the attributes about which the message communicates a benefit. The processing then occurs in descending order of attribute importance.
An experimental methodology was developed to test the assumptions made by each of these models and to examine the predictive validity of each model. Four treatments were employed to test the assumptions made in deriving the models. The presentation of the messages was computer controlled and the computer was used to simulate model assumptions.
Also, magnitude scales were successfully employed to measure the independent and dependent variables of the three regression. The results of the research support the Importance Models as the appropriate models. This is based upon predictive validity and regression fit.
This research expanded the information processing paradigm by offering a third processing model which is a more promising predictor of intention change. Future research in the area should expand upon these three models incorporating more homogeneous groups in terms of benefits. Also, future research should include allowances for logical distortions in the processing. Other topical areas for explorations are different delivery mechanisms such as verbal presentation and creative aspects of advertisements.Ph. D.
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Hong, Chao. "Parallel processing in power systems computation on a distributed memory message passing multicomputer /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22050383.
Testo completo
35
Ulmer, Craig D. "Extensible message layers for resource-rich cluster computers". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13306.
Testo completo
36
呂伯行 e Pak-hang Lui. "Distributed object-oriented C (DOC): a strongly distributed object-oriented language for message passingconcurrent architecture". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31232711.
Testo completo
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Wong, Ping-wai. "Semantic annotation of Chinese texts with message structures based on HowNet". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38212389.
Testo completo
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Hodson, Gordon. "Uncertainty in the group context, categorization effects on persuasive message processing and ingroup favouritism". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0013/NQ42528.pdf.
Testo completo
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Belghoul, Abdeslem. "Optimizing Communication Cost in Distributed Query Processing". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC025/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dans cette thèse, nous étudions le problème d’optimisation du temps de transfert de données dans les systèmes de gestion de données distribuées, en nous focalisant sur la relation entre le temps de communication de données et la configuration du middleware. En réalité, le middleware détermine, entre autres, comment les données sont divisées en lots de F tuples et messages de M octets avant d’être communiqués à travers le réseau. Concrètement, nous nous concentrons sur la question de recherche suivante : étant donnée requête Q et l’environnement réseau, quelle est la meilleure configuration de F et M qui minimisent le temps de communication du résultat de la requête à travers le réseau?A notre connaissance, ce problème n’a jamais été étudié par la communauté de recherche en base de données.Premièrement, nous présentons une étude expérimentale qui met en évidence l’impact de la configuration du middleware sur le temps de transfert de données. Nous explorons deux paramètres du middleware que nous avons empiriquement identifiés comme ayant une influence importante sur le temps de transfert de données: (i) la taille du lot F (c’est-à-dire le nombre de tuples dans un lot qui est communiqué à la fois vers une application consommant des données) et (ii) la taille du message M (c’est-à-dire la taille en octets du tampon du middleware qui correspond à la quantité de données à transférer à partir du middleware vers la couche réseau). Ensuite, nous décrivons un modèle de coût permettant d’estimer le temps de transfert de données. Ce modèle de coût est basé sur la manière dont les données sont transférées entre les noeuds de traitement de données. Notre modèle de coût est basé sur deux observations cruciales: (i) les lots et les messages de données sont communiqués différemment sur le réseau : les lots sont communiqués de façon synchrone et les messages dans un lot sont communiqués en pipeline (asynchrone) et (ii) en raison de la latence réseau, le coût de transfert du premier message d’un lot est plus élevé que le coût de transfert des autres messages du même lot. Nous proposons une stratégie pour calibrer les poids du premier et non premier messages dans un lot. Ces poids sont des paramètres dépendant de l’environnement réseau et sont utilisés par la fonction d’estimation du temps de communication de données. Enfin, nous développons un algorithme d’optimisation permettant de calculer les valeurs des paramètres F et M qui fournissent un bon compromis entre un temps optimisé de communication de données et une consommation minimale de ressources. L’approche proposée dans cette thèse a été validée expérimentalement en utilisant des données issues d’une application en AstronomieIn this thesis, we take a complementary look to the problem of optimizing the time for communicating query results in distributed query processing, by investigating the relationship between the communication time and the middleware configuration. Indeed, the middleware determines, among others, how data is divided into batches and messages before being communicated over the network. Concretely, we focus on the research question: given a query Q and a network environment, what is the best middleware configuration that minimizes the time for transferring the query result over the network? To the best of our knowledge, the database research community does not have well-established strategies for middleware tuning. We present first an intensive experimental study that emphasizes the crucial impact of middleware configuration on the time for communicating query results. We focus on two middleware parameters that we empirically identified as having an important influence on the communication time: (i) the fetch size F (i.e., the number of tuples in a batch that is communicated at once to an application consuming the data) and (ii) the message size M (i.e., the size in bytes of the middleware buffer, which corresponds to the amount of data that can be communicated at once from the middleware to the network layer; a batch of F tuples can be communicated via one or several messages of M bytes). Then, we describe a cost model for estimating the communication time, which is based on how data is communicated between computation nodes. Precisely, our cost model is based on two crucial observations: (i) batches and messages are communicated differently over the network: batches are communicated synchronously, whereas messages in a batch are communicated in pipeline (asynchronously), and (ii) due to network latency, it is more expensive to communicate the first message in a batch compared to any other message that is not the first in its batch. We propose an effective strategy for calibrating the network-dependent parameters of the communication time estimation function i.e, the costs of first message and non first message in their batch. Finally, we develop an optimization algorithm to effectively compute the values of the middleware parameters F and M that minimize the communication time. The proposed algorithm allows to quickly find (in small fraction of a second) the values of the middleware parameters F and M that translate a good trade-off between low resource consumption and low communication time. The proposed approach has been evaluated using a dataset issued from application in Astronomy
40
Capiola, August. "The Biobehavioral Model of Persuasion: The Role of Cognitive Processing in Challenge and Threat Message Framing". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1538580946640221.
Testo completo
41
Bingham, Philip R. "The effect of message length distribution on the performance of fully connected switches". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15389.
Testo completo
42
au, B. Gouldthorp@murdoch edu, e Bethanie Gouldthorp. "Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere". Murdoch University, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20100325.85313.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent research into hemispheric differences in sentence comprehension has produced a puzzling disparity between the results from behavioral studies on neurologically normal individuals and studies utilizing other methods such as electrophysiology, neuroimaging and the investigation of neuropsychological patients. The former approach tends to produce results that indicate a restriction of the right hemisphere (RH) to lower-level processing mechanisms that are comparatively less sensitive to context than the left hemisphere (LH), while the combined findings of the latter approaches suggest that not only is the RH capable of processing language at a higher level, it is particularly sensitive to contextual information and, furthermore, this may form part of the special role of the RH in language tasks. Accordingly, the present series of studies employed a normal-behavioral approach to further investigate the underlying processing mechanisms of the RH during sentence comprehension tasks. In each of the four experiments, right-handed adult participants completed a computer-based lexical decision task where reaction time and error rates were recorded. Stimuli were always centrally-presented, followed by a laterally-presented target word or non-word. In the first experiment, the sensitivity of the RH to message-level meaning was investigated by assessing whether it benefits from additional contextual information in sentences that was not the result of simple word-level associations. The remaining experiments aimed to examine several current models of RH language processing; specifically, they examined the applicability of the coarse-coding hypothesis (Beeman, 1993) and the integrative processing model (Federmeier, 2007) to RH sentence processing. The combined results of the four experiments lead to several conclusions. Firstly, this series of investigation consistently demonstrated that the RH does display a sensitivity to message-level processing that appears to be at least equivalent to that of the LH. This conclusion is uncommon in the normal-behavioral literature, but is consistent with evidence produced by other methodologies. Secondly, the coarse-coding hypothesis is insufficient in explaining RH language processing at the sentential level. Although there is considerable evidence in support of the coarse-coding model of RH processing of individual words, the findings of the present investigations do not support its applicability beyond this level. Thirdly, the integrative/predictive distinction between RH/LH language processing also appears to have limited applicability beyond sentence fragments and may instead be reflective of higher-level processing differences (e.g., wherein the RH may utilize a para-linguistic situation-model processing method whereas the LH may rely purely on a linguistic mechanism). Based on these conclusions, the present series of investigations appears to have resolved the inconsistent finding previously prominent in normal-behavioral literature and goes some way in determining the applicability of current models of RH language processing.
43
Gouldthorp, Bethanie. "Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere". Thesis, Gouldthorp, Bethanie (2009) Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/1663/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent research into hemispheric differences in sentence comprehension has produced a puzzling disparity between the results from behavioral studies on neurologically normal individuals and studies utilizing other methods such as electrophysiology, neuroimaging and the investigation of neuropsychological patients. The former approach tends to produce results that indicate a restriction of the right hemisphere (RH) to lower-level processing mechanisms that are comparatively less sensitive to context than the left hemisphere (LH), while the combined findings of the latter approaches suggest that not only is the RH capable of processing language at a higher level, it is particularly sensitive to contextual information and, furthermore, this may form part of the special role of the RH in language tasks. Accordingly, the present series of studies employed a normal-behavioral approach to further investigate the underlying processing mechanisms of the RH during sentence comprehension tasks. In each of the four experiments, right-handed adult participants completed a computer-based lexical decision task where reaction time and error rates were recorded. Stimuli were always centrally-presented, followed by a laterally-presented target word or non-word. In the first experiment, the sensitivity of the RH to message-level meaning was investigated by assessing whether it benefits from additional contextual information in sentences that was not the result of simple word-level associations. The remaining experiments aimed to examine several current models of RH language processing; specifically, they examined the applicability of the coarse-coding hypothesis (Beeman, 1993) and the integrative processing model (Federmeier, 2007) to RH sentence processing. The combined results of the four experiments lead to several conclusions. Firstly, this series of investigation consistently demonstrated that the RH does display a sensitivity to message-level processing that appears to be at least equivalent to that of the LH. This conclusion is uncommon in the normal-behavioral literature, but is consistent with evidence produced by other methodologies. Secondly, the coarse-coding hypothesis is insufficient in explaining RH language processing at the sentential level. Although there is considerable evidence in support of the coarse-coding model of RH processing of individual words, the findings of the present investigations do not support its applicability beyond this level. Thirdly, the integrative/predictive distinction between RH/LH language processing also appears to have limited applicability beyond sentence fragments and may instead be reflective of higher-level processing differences (e.g., wherein the RH may utilize a para-linguistic situation-model processing method whereas the LH may rely purely on a linguistic mechanism). Based on these conclusions, the present series of investigations appears to have resolved the inconsistent finding previously prominent in normal-behavioral literature and goes some way in determining the applicability of current models of RH language processing.
44
Gouldthorp, Bethanie. "Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere". Gouldthorp, Bethanie (2009) Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/1663/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent research into hemispheric differences in sentence comprehension has produced a puzzling disparity between the results from behavioral studies on neurologically normal individuals and studies utilizing other methods such as electrophysiology, neuroimaging and the investigation of neuropsychological patients. The former approach tends to produce results that indicate a restriction of the right hemisphere (RH) to lower-level processing mechanisms that are comparatively less sensitive to context than the left hemisphere (LH), while the combined findings of the latter approaches suggest that not only is the RH capable of processing language at a higher level, it is particularly sensitive to contextual information and, furthermore, this may form part of the special role of the RH in language tasks. Accordingly, the present series of studies employed a normal-behavioral approach to further investigate the underlying processing mechanisms of the RH during sentence comprehension tasks. In each of the four experiments, right-handed adult participants completed a computer-based lexical decision task where reaction time and error rates were recorded. Stimuli were always centrally-presented, followed by a laterally-presented target word or non-word. In the first experiment, the sensitivity of the RH to message-level meaning was investigated by assessing whether it benefits from additional contextual information in sentences that was not the result of simple word-level associations. The remaining experiments aimed to examine several current models of RH language processing; specifically, they examined the applicability of the coarse-coding hypothesis (Beeman, 1993) and the integrative processing model (Federmeier, 2007) to RH sentence processing. The combined results of the four experiments lead to several conclusions. Firstly, this series of investigation consistently demonstrated that the RH does display a sensitivity to message-level processing that appears to be at least equivalent to that of the LH. This conclusion is uncommon in the normal-behavioral literature, but is consistent with evidence produced by other methodologies. Secondly, the coarse-coding hypothesis is insufficient in explaining RH language processing at the sentential level. Although there is considerable evidence in support of the coarse-coding model of RH processing of individual words, the findings of the present investigations do not support its applicability beyond this level. Thirdly, the integrative/predictive distinction between RH/LH language processing also appears to have limited applicability beyond sentence fragments and may instead be reflective of higher-level processing differences (e.g., wherein the RH may utilize a para-linguistic situation-model processing method whereas the LH may rely purely on a linguistic mechanism). Based on these conclusions, the present series of investigations appears to have resolved the inconsistent finding previously prominent in normal-behavioral literature and goes some way in determining the applicability of current models of RH language processing.
45
Mohror, Kathryn Marie. "Infrastructure For Performance Tuning MPI Applications". PDXScholar, 2004. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2660.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Clusters of workstations are becoming increasingly popular as a low-budget alternative for supercomputing power. In these systems,message-passing is often used to allow the separate nodes to act as a single computing machine. Programmers of such systems face a daunting challenge in understanding the performance bottlenecks of their applications. This is largely due to the vast amount of performance data that is collected, and the time and expertise necessary to use traditional parallel performance tools to analyze that data.
The goal of this project is to increase the level of performance tool support for message-passing application programmers on clusters of workstations. We added support for LAM/MPI into the existing parallel performance tool,P aradyn. LAM/MPI is a commonly used, freely-available implementation of the Message Passing Interface (MPI),and also includes several newer MPI features,such as dynamic process creation. In addition, we added support for non-shared filesystems into Paradyn and enhanced the existing support for the MPICH implementation of MPI. We verified that Paradyn correctly measures the performance of the majority of LAM/MPI programs on Linux clusters and show the results of those tests. In addition,we discuss MPI-2 features that are of interest to parallel performance tool developers and design support for these features for Paradyn.
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Javed, Muhammad Haseeb. "Characterizing and Accelerating Deep Learning and Stream Processing Workloads using Roofline Trajectories". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574445196024129.
Testo completo
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Cohen, Olivia D. "EMOTIONAL RESPONSES TO OPIOID PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS; TESTING TRAIT EMPATHY’S IMPACT ON MESSAGE PROCESSING AND ATTITUDE CHANGE". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1530122907056997.
Testo completo
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Mahar, Christopher M. "Thematic vs taxonomic sponsorship articulations : investigating differences by team identification and articulation in message processing and outcomes". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101801/4/Christopher_Mahar_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis investigates brand attitudes in a sports sponsorship setting through messages linking brand and team. Messages of articulation were successful when they linked brand and team relationally, but not when attempting to match functional or image-based traits. Brand attitudes were mediated through brand/team fit for highly identified fans and through sincerity in low identification fans.
49
Merva, Monica Ann. "The effects of speech rate, message repetition, and information placement on synthesized speech intelligibility". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41554.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent improvements in speech technology have made synthetic speech a viable I/O alternative. However, little research has focused on optimizing the various speech parameters which influence system performance. This study examined the effects of speech rate, message repetition, and the placement of information in a message. Briefly, subjects heard messages generated by a speech synthesizer and were asked to transcribe what they had heard. After entering each transcription, subjects rated the perceived difliculty of the preceding message, and how confident they were of their response. The accuracy of their response, system response time, and response latency were recorded.
Transcription accuracy was best for messages spoken at 150 or 180 wpm and for messages repeated either twice or three times. Words at the end of messages were transcribed more accurately than words at the beginning of messages. Response latencies were fastest at 180 wpm with 3 repetitions and rose as the number of repetitions decreased. System response times were shortest when a message was repeated only once. The subjective certainty and difiiculty ratings indicated that subjects were aware of errors when incorrectly transcribing a message. These results suggest that a) message rates should lie below 210 wpm, b) a repeat feature should be included in speech interface designs, and c) important information should be contained at the end of messages.
Master of Science
50
Barbier, Jean. "Statistical physics and approximate message-passing algorithms for sparse linear estimation problems in signal processing and coding theory". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC130.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’application de méthodes de physique statistique des systèmes désordonnés ainsi que de l’inférence à des problèmes issus du traitement du signal et de la théorie du codage, plus précisément, aux problèmes parcimonieux d’estimation linéaire. Les outils utilisés sont essentiellement les modèles graphiques et l’algorithme approximé de passage de messages ainsi que la méthode de la cavité (appelée analyse de l’évolution d’état dans le contexte du traitement de signal) pour son analyse théorique. Nous aurons également recours à la méthode des répliques de la physique des systèmes désordonnées qui permet d’associer aux problèmes rencontrés une fonction de coût appelé potentiel ou entropie libre en physique. Celle-ci permettra de prédire les différentes phases de complexité typique du problème, en fonction de paramètres externes tels que le niveau de bruit ou le nombre de mesures liées au signal auquel l’on a accès : l’inférence pourra être ainsi typiquement simple, possible mais difficile et enfin impossible. Nous verrons que la phase difficile correspond à un régime où coexistent la solution recherchée ainsi qu’une autre solution des équations de passage de messages. Dans cette phase, celle-ci est un état métastable et ne représente donc pas l’équilibre thermodynamique. Ce phénomène peut-être rapproché de la surfusion de l’eau, bloquée dans l’état liquide à une température où elle devrait être solide pour être à l’équilibre. Via cette compréhension du phénomène de blocage de l’algorithme, nous utiliserons une méthode permettant de franchir l’état métastable en imitant la stratégie adoptée par la nature pour la surfusion : la nucléation et le couplage spatial. Dans de l’eau en état métastable liquide, il suffit d’une légère perturbation localisée pour que se créer un noyau de cristal qui va rapidement se propager dans tout le système de proche en proche grâce aux couplages physiques entre atomes. Le même procédé sera utilisé pour aider l’algorithme à retrouver le signal, et ce grâce à l’introduction d’un noyau contenant de l’information locale sur le signal. Celui-ci se propagera ensuite via une "onde de reconstruction" similaire à la propagation de proche en proche du cristal dans l’eau. Après une introduction à l’inférence statistique et aux problèmes d’estimation linéaires, on introduira les outils nécessaires. Seront ensuite présentées des applications de ces notions. Celles-ci seront divisées en deux parties. La partie traitement du signal se concentre essentiellement sur le problème de l’acquisition comprimée où l’on cherche à inférer un signal parcimonieux dont on connaît un nombre restreint de projections linéaires qui peuvent être bruitées. Est étudiée en profondeur l’influence de l’utilisation d’opérateurs structurés à la place des matrices aléatoires utilisées originellement en acquisition comprimée. Ceux-ci permettent un gain substantiel en temps de traitement et en allocation de mémoire, conditions nécessaires pour le traitement algorithmique de très grands signaux. Nous verrons que l’utilisation combinée de tels opérateurs avec la méthode du couplage spatial permet d’obtenir un algorithme de reconstruction extrê- mement optimisé et s’approchant des performances optimales. Nous étudierons également le comportement de l’algorithme confronté à des signaux seulement approximativement parcimonieux, question fondamentale pour l’application concrète de l’acquisition comprimée sur des signaux physiques réels. Une application directe sera étudiée au travers de la reconstruction d’images mesurées par microscopie à fluorescence. La reconstruction d’images dites "naturelles" sera également étudiée. En théorie du codage, seront étudiées les performances du décodeur basé sur le passage de message pour deux modèles distincts de canaux continus. Nous étudierons un schéma où le signal inféré sera en fait le bruit que l’on pourra ainsi soustraire au signal reçu. Le second, les codes de superposition parcimonieuse pour le canal additif Gaussien est le premier exemple de schéma de codes correcteurs d’erreurs pouvant être directement interprété comme un problème d’acquisition comprimée structuré. Dans ce schéma, nous appliquerons une grande partie des techniques étudiée dans cette thèse pour finalement obtenir un décodeur ayant des résultats très prometteurs à des taux d’information transmise extrêmement proches de la limite théorique de transmission du canalThis thesis is interested in the application of statistical physics methods and inference to signal processing and coding theory, more precisely, to sparse linear estimation problems. The main tools are essentially the graphical models and the approximate message-passing algorithm together with the cavity method (referred as the state evolution analysis in the signal processing context) for its theoretical analysis. We will also use the replica method of statistical physics of disordered systems which allows to associate to the studied problems a cost function referred as the potential of free entropy in physics. It allows to predict the different phases of typical complexity of the problem as a function of external parameters such as the noise level or the number of measurements one has about the signal: the inference can be typically easy, hard or impossible. We will see that the hard phase corresponds to a regime of coexistence of the actual solution together with another unwanted solution of the message passing equations. In this phase, it represents a metastable state which is not the true equilibrium solution. This phenomenon can be linked to supercooled water blocked in the liquid state below its freezing critical temperature. Thanks to this understanding of blocking phenomenon of the algorithm, we will use a method that allows to overcome the metastability mimicing the strategy adopted by nature itself for supercooled water: the nucleation and spatial coupling. In supercooled water, a weak localized perturbation is enough to create a crystal nucleus that will propagate in all the medium thanks to the physical couplings between closeby atoms. The same process will help the algorithm to find the signal, thanks to the introduction of a nucleus containing local information about the signal. It will then spread as a "reconstruction wave" similar to the crystal in the water. After an introduction to statistical inference and sparse linear estimation, we will introduce the necessary tools. Then we will move to applications of these notions. They will be divided into two parts. The signal processing part will focus essentially on the compressed sensing problem where we seek to infer a sparse signal from a small number of linear projections of it that can be noisy. We will study in details the influence of structured operators instead of purely random ones used originally in compressed sensing. These allow a substantial gain in computational complexity and necessary memory allocation, which are necessary conditions in order to work with very large signals. We will see that the combined use of such operators with spatial coupling allows the implementation of an highly optimized algorithm able to reach near to optimal performances. We will also study the algorithm behavior for reconstruction of approximately sparse signals, a fundamental question for the application of compressed sensing to real life problems. A direct application will be studied via the reconstruction of images measured by fluorescence microscopy. The reconstruction of "natural" images will be considered as well. In coding theory, we will look at the message-passing decoding performances for two distincts real noisy channel models. A first scheme where the signal to infer will be the noise itself will be presented. The second one, the sparse superposition codes for the additive white Gaussian noise channel is the first example of error correction scheme directly interpreted as a structured compressed sensing problem. Here we will apply all the tools developed in this thesis for finally obtaining a very promising decoder that allows to decode at very high transmission rates, very close of the fundamental channel limit