Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Membre supérieur – Mouvements – Modèles mathématiques"
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Tesi sul tema "Membre supérieur – Mouvements – Modèles mathématiques":
Roux, Emmanuel. "Mesure du mouvement du membre supérieur et aide à l'interprétation clinique des données". Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d57e6b3d-5822-4305-afa5-b4cefe838d02.
This thesis work aims to assist the surgeon in objectively evaluating the shoulder arthroplasty results and in improving this practice. An upper limb kinematics evaluation technique is proposed, using a video system of 3D movement measurement and a global optimisation method. The support for the clinical interpretation of the movement is based on the objective explanation of clinical characteristics by the kinematics data. The method uses fuzzy decision trees and rules induction from a set of examples. A satisfiability measure evaluates the explanation capacity of the rules. The rule base can also be exploited to objectively determine a given clinical characteristic. These methods are evaluated with the stratified ten-fold cross validation method, within the mapping of the kinematics data and the functional evaluation. Results show that the proposed methods permit to reach the initial aims. Then some research prospects are putted forward
Meziani, Yeser. "A Kinematic Framework for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Assessment : Expectation- Maximization as a Motor Learning Model". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0096.
Motor learning as a recovery mechanism is assumed to be a framework that drived and guided physical therapy and now since the advent of robotics doing the same to the rehabilitation devices. The rehabilitation process presents the intersection of many different interconnected facets that co-interact to produce recovered movements. The use of the technology introduces many benefits while contributing to the complexity of the phenomena at hand. We interest our research to the passive exosquelette training of the upper limb. We propose an adaptive intra patient assessment scale that is capable of detecting intra-patient performance changes during robotic training. Motor learning, the process of our brain's acquiring newer motor skills or relearning those he lost due to neurological or traumatic incident is our portal to investigating this phenomenon. The interaction of the system that is composed of the device, the incentive in form of exercise games and the patients with all its level of existence, physiological, psycho-logical, and cognitive is the system of study. The components present heterogeneous qualities and dynamically driven changes. The system output in the form of the trajectories executed is our gauging instrument to investigate the interactions within the system. We formulate the trajectory model as a Markov Chain and use the Kalman Filter to estimate the smoothed states. While dynamics are variant in time we model the assumptions about the movement into a dynamical formulation and estimate its parameters from data. To account for the time variability we introduce parallel noise source to the dynamics and estimate it using an Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The temporal nature being only a single facet of the kinematic phenomena, we assume a variable temporal alignment and estimate it using Expectation-Maximization iteration to increase the likelyhood of the estimated model compared to the observed trajectories. Once learned the model dependent and extracted parameters are used to compare between differences in performance. The properties of the clinical assessment tools are investigated and results are formulated to answer the commonly reported needs. Stemming from the same fundamentals of motor learning, we aimed to define a new visual assessment instrument that is intended to fulfill the need of patient-first easily communicated feedback form. We present and assess clinical properties of the tools while providing validating results on clinical data attesting the longitudinal sensitivity of the tool. The underlying assumption of the visualization was then assessed using an objective measure of maximum probability value derived using a probabilistic model of the trajectories and expected on a highly likely trajectory model learned using a Kernel-Near-Neighbors Regressor
Bensmail, Boughediri Soraya. "Modélisation neuromimétique du contrôle sensori-moteur des mouvements du membre supérieur : cas du pointage et de la saisie". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS0032.
The advanced ones in motor control research attract the scientists of disciplines other than the neurophysiology. Thus, the robotics researchers also adhere to these programs. Their aim is to elaborate new neuromimetic command rules inspired from the SNC executiong motor action. A model of sensorimotor control is developed for visuo-guided movements learning. This model is developed based on several prerequisites about "computational" principles of brain structures : the columnar organization of the cerebral cortex and the Marr-Albus-Ito theory of cerebellar learning. The adaptive rules incorporeted in the model simulate the synaptic plasticities localised in various sites of the CNS : cerebral cortex and cerebellum. This connexionist approach is applied to simulate learning of the "arm" visuo-guided movements and the "thumb-index" pinch. The neural network model consists of two hierarchical levels : the high level which generates motor orders to muscles activation and the spinal level producing musculo-skeletal structure displacements. Thus, muscular forces are generated according to the Equilibrium-Point-Hypothesis. The simulation of the non linear formalism shows that adaptive processes taking place in different sites of the total neural network model cooperate without interferer. For the movement of "thumb-index" grip , we propose that the neural network model is deployed by considering two fingers structure. So the cortical level is presented by two pathways controlling two working points and only one cerebellar network may be able to coordinate the global pinch movement
Guay, Martin F. "Analyse cinémato-statique d'un doigt sous-actionné à 3 DDL pour une prothèse de membre supérieur". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23224.
Doriot, Nathalie. "Modélisation dynamique du membre inférieur pour l'estimation des forces articulaires et musculaires mises en jeu pendant la phase d'appui de la marche". Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10259.
Hurpeau, Jean-Christophe. "Étude de modifications de la sensibilité cutanée après microchirurgie reconstructrice des membres supérieurs et de la main en particulier : métrologie et modélisation informatique associées". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL151N.