Tesi: "Medieval Building"

1

Coates-Stephens, Robert Edward. "Building in early medieval Rome, 500-1000 AD." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307644.

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2

Antrobus, Abby L. "Urbanisation and the urban landscape : building medieval Bury St Edmunds." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1948/.

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3

Cowling, David. "Text and building : uses of architectural metaphors in the works of the Rhetoriqueurs (1460-1540)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294148.

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4

Alexander, Jennifer S. "Early decorated architecture in the East Midlands c1250-1300 : an analysis of the major building campaigns." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282313.

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5

Blain, Sophie Emilie Lea. "Ceramic building materials in early medieval churches in north-western France and south-eastern England : application of luminescence dating to building archaeology." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/151/.

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Amongst the dating methods that can contribute to building archaeology, it is the technique of stimulated luminescence applied to ceramic building materials (CBM) that is the focus of this study. The research reported in this thesis concerns the re-evaluation of an archaeological assumption surrounding the origin of CBM used in 9th, 10th and 11th century religious buildings of Normandy, Pays de Loire in France and Kent and Essex in England. Are the bricks used in the masonry structures Roman spolia or a novo productions? Dating techniques were scrutinized through a process of intercomparison work between two luminescence laboratories. This study highlighted the importance of knowing precise details of the sample’s original environment and the need for close examination of the mineral species used in the dating process. Results from thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating performed on 53 CBM samples from 12 churches of north-west France and south-east England showed that the practice of reusing Roman brick was commonplace in small parish churches, but also that brick/tile-making was not a totally unknown skill of the early medieval craftsmen as has long been supposed. Most importantly, by identifying that the building material is contemporary to the church, a defined chronology emerges resulting in a new and extremely useful reference point in the history of early medieval architecture.

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6

Beech, Robert. "The hammer-beam roof : tradition, innovation and the carpenter's art in late medieval England." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5863/.

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This thesis is about late medieval carpenters, their techniques and their art, and about the structure that became the fusion of their technical virtuosity and artistic creativity: the hammer-beam roof. The structural nature and origin of the hammer-beam roof is discussed, and it is argued that, although invented in the late thirteenth century, during the fourteenth century the hammer-beam roof became a developmental dead-end. In the early fifteenth century the hammer-beam roof suddenly blossomed into hundreds of structures of great technical proficiency and aesthetic acumen. The thesis assesses the role of the hammer-beam roof of Westminster Hall as the catalyst to such renewed enthusiasm. This structure is analysed and discussed in detail. Its place in the milieu of late medieval architecture is assessed, and its influence evaluated. That influence took effect mainly in East Anglia. Thus, early fifteenth-century trends in hammer-beam carpentry in the region are isolated and analysed. A typology of is created, from which arise surprising conclusions regarding the differing priorities late-medieval carpenters ascribed to structure, form and ornament. A chapter is also devoted to a critical review of literature pertaining to the topic.

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7

Caroselli, Susan L. "The Casa Marliani and palace building in late Quattrocento Lombardy." New York : Garland Pub, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12079575.html.

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8

Kajtazi, Jeton, and Christopher Berg. "En studie om byggteknik och kulturhistoriska värden för medeltida takkonstruktioner i kyrkor." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106143.

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Arbetet syftar till att öka kunskapen om de medeltida takkonstruktioner och hur de är uppbyggda. Genom att göra en inventering och byggnadsundersökning av två takkonstruktioner i medeltida kyrkor. Resultatet av studien är tänkt att öka kunskapen av denna typ av byggnadsverk, dess kulturhistoriska värden och ge underlag för en långsiktig och hållbar förvaltning. De två kyrkorna som har undersökts är Drevs gamla kyrka och Hemmesjö gamla kyrka. I Sverige finns det många exemplar av välbevarade takkonstruktioner från medeltiden vilket är unikt. Examensarbetet genomfördes med hjälp av platsbesök, litteraturstudier och intervjuer, vilket var en bra kombination som gav ett tillförlitligt resultat. De personer som valdes att intervjuas är kunniga inom området och det var Samuel Palmblad från Kulturparken Småland samt timmerman och forskare Mattias Hallgren från Traditionsbärarna. Resultatet visar att båda kyrkorna är konstruerade i en romansk stil vilket är en arkitektonisk stil som var vanlig bland sockenkyrkorna under den tidiga medeltiden (1100-talet). Byggnadsteknikerna utvecklades under medeltiden vilket sakristian i Hemmesjö gamla kyrka visar med sin gotiska takkonstruktion från 1400-talet. Resultatet påpekar att båda dessa kyrkor är en del av Sveriges kulturarv och måste därefter bli behandlade på ett korrekt sätt för att dess kulturhistoriska värde inte ska förstöras. Resultatet påvisar även vikten av att dokumentera denna typ av takkonstruktioner då det ska fungera som en hjälp för förvaltningen av denna typ av bebyggelse. Detta examensarbete har svarat på varför det är viktigt att bevara de medeltida kyrkornas takkonstruktioner, dess byggnadstekniker samt vilken betydelse de kulturhistoriska värdena har. The work aims to increase knowledge of the medieval roof structures and how they are built. By making an inventory and building survey of two roof structures in medieval churches. The result of the study is intended to increase knowledge of this type of building, its cultural-historical values and provide a basis for long-term and sustainable management. The two churches are Drevs gamla kyrka (The old church of Drev) and Hemmesjös gamla kyrka (The old church of Hemmesjö), both are in Småland Sweden. The churches are well-preserved and have a history to tell through themselves. The study was possible through onsite study, article study and two interviews with Samuel Palmblad, Kulturparken Småland and Mattias Hallgren, Traditionsbärarna. The results have shown that the churches are built in a Romanic style which is an architectural expression on a building technology used during the early medieval time (12th century), with one part of the old church of Hemmesjö being built by using a later found building technology also called gothic style which was more common during late medieval time. During the interviews it was mentioned that these churches are heritage to Sweden and therefore need to be treated accordingly. There is still knowledge to be found and understood which will help with the preservation of the churches and their historical value. If the knowledge does not exist, there can be faults that happen which means that the values can be lost or misused which will lead to the destruction of a part of history. With little to no documents from the time they were built, it will be difficult to maintain for the people who work with the preservation if responsibility is not taken to learn more about these churches. This study will look at the importance of preserving these churches and their roof constructions with the help of explaining the building technology and the culture-historical values.

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9

Bishop, Cheryl Marie. "Quarr stone : an archaeological and petrological study in relation to the Roman, Anglo-Saxon and Medieval stone building industries of southern Britain." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369548.

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10

Haddlesey, Richard. "Building in fear? : a re-evaluation of late medieval joint chrono-typologies (c1250-1530) in the light of recent dendrochronological investigations in Hampshire." Thesis, University of Winchester, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.697708.

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11

Olsson, Tobias. "Studie av en medeltida husgrund : en analys av bronsfynd från husgrund 6, Västergarn, Gotland." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1483.

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This essay is an analysis of the objects made of bronze found in an excavation Västergarn parish, Gotland, in 2010, conducted by the University of Gotland. The studied material presented in this essay comes from contexts inside, as well as nearby the foundation of a medieval building which purpose is still not certain. The first purpose of this study is to present the bronze-objects found inside and nearby the foundation of house 6, and to see if there are any datable objects. There is also a discussion whether there has been any bronze-crafting in the area. The second purpose is to make a contextual analysis to see if there are any differences between the material found outside and inside of the building, and what conclusions can be made regarding the function and use of the building. A spatial analysis has also been made to distinguish any patterns of the distribution of material inside and around the house.The result of this essay is partly a presentation of the material, but also that there has occurred some bronze-crafting in the form of cutting metal sheets inside or near the foundation treated in this essay. There is no evidence for casting bronze near the house foundation.The frequency of finds from outside the foundation compared to the frequency of finds within the foundation is nearly quadruple, which is to be expected since there probably has been a wooden floor inside the house to prevent all but the tiniest objects from falling through. Objects that landed on the floor were cleaned out, just to land near the entrance of the building. The finds from within the building much resembles the finds from outside the building, and the distribution-patterns of the trench indicates that the entrance to the building probably was located near the north-west corner or near the south-east corner.Hopefully, this study contributes another piece to the great puzzle that is Västergarn.

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12

Lott, Beryl. "Medieval buildings in Westmorland." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481620.

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13

Zanetto, Serena. "Tecniche costruttive, ciclo edilizio e spostamento di maestranze nel Medio-Alto Adriatico, nei secc. VIII-XI. L'alto medioevo visto attraverso le chiese." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424436.

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The goal of this project was to analyse the construction techniques and the building cycle of masonry architecture in the coasts of Upper-Middle Adriatic sea, during the Early Middle Ages (VIII-XI century), studying the churches. Indeed, this geografical area was an important contact point of different building traditions, located between the continental Europe and the byzantine world. Fifteen architectural complexes or single buildings, among the most significant and interesting, have been analysed, and new stratigraphic interpretations have been proposed. Then, others themes have been investigated, searching comparison with similar buildings. The themes investigated were: geometries and units of measurement to draw the plan; types of plan; techniques of building walls; structural elements (such as vaults, pillars, buttresses) and architectural ones (doors, windows, blind arches). In this way, virtually it has been possible 'to enter' inside the building sites and to reflect on technological knowledge of workers. Above all, the transfer of workers during the Early Middle Ages, and the contacts between the high patronage in a long distance, have been discussed. L'obbiettivo del progetto è stato quello di analizzare le tecniche costruttive e di conoscere il ciclo produttivo dell'edilizia in muratura nell'Alto Adriatico e in Dalmazia, nei secoli altomedievali (VIII - inizio XI secolo), attraverso il punto di vista privilegiato rappresentato dai luoghi di culto. L'area geografica si caratterizza per essere infatti un punto di contatto di tradizioni costruttive diverse, poiché cerniera tra il mondo continentale europeo e quello bizantino. Sono stati presi in esame quindici complessi architettonici o singoli edifici tra i più significativi, e per ognuno è stata proposta una rilettura della sequenza stratigrafica. Sono quindi state approfondite una serie di tematiche allargando il confronto anche ad altri contesti. I temi trattati sono stati: le geometrie e le unità di misura impiegate per tracciare la pianta; le tipologie planimetriche; le tecniche murarie; le tipologie di elementi strutturali (come volte, pilastri, contrafforti) e di elementi architettonici (porte, finestre, archeggiature cieche). Ciò ha permesso di 'entrare' virtualmente nei cantieri di costruzione e di riflettere sul bagaglio tecnologico di cui erano in possesso le maestranze. In questo modo, sono state inoltre ricostruite le dinamiche della mobilità delle maestranze nell'alto medioevo e i contatti intercorsi tra le gerarchie al potere, anche sulle lunghe distanze.

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14

Fernandes, Isabel Cristina Ferreira 1957. "O castelo de Palmela-do islâmico ao medieval cristão." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UL-Universidade de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Letras, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30065.

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15

Chamorro, Trenado Miquel Àngel. "La construcció de l'església de Sant Feliu de Girona al segle XIV. Els llibres d'obra." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7836.

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Aquesta tesi doctoral com diu el seu títol es centra en analitzar la construcció de l'església de Sant Feliu de Girona al segle XIV a través de l'anàlisi dels llibres d'obra conservats a l'Arxiu Diòcesa de Girona. Aquesta tesi doctoral esta dividida en quatre parts. En la primera part s'analitza la historiografia de l'església de Sant Feliu de Girona des del segle XVII fins a l'actualitat. Dins d'aquest apartat s'analitzen les notícies que aporten els diferents autors i es situa el context historiogràfic de cadascun dels segles. S'ha realitzat un estudi molt exhaustiu en les darreres publicacions del segle XX i inicis del segle XXI. Un cop analitzades aquestes fonts - secundàries -, dins d'aquesta primera part del treball s'ha passat a analitzar els llibres d'obra del segle XIV. S'analitzaràn els aspectes formals i els diferents escrivans encarregats de realitzar aquests llibres d'obra. Aquesta serà la documentació bàsica per realitzar aquesta tesi doctoral. En la segona part del treball es procedirà a analitzar la gestió i el finançament de l'Obra. Es tracta d'una anàlisi, bàsicament dels ingressos, per veure quines són les estratègies que es duen a terme per aconseguir el màxim de recursos per la construcció i per les necessitats "litúrgiques" de l'església de Sant Feliu de Girona. En aquest apartat s'ha analitzat l'Obra com a entitat amb les persones que formen part d'ella i el paper que correspon a cadascuna d'elles (l'obrer, l'escrivà, el mestre d'obres, el questor). També s'han analitzat els promotors i aquells ingressos que, pel seu volum, subministren el nombre més gran de diners a l'Obra ("annates", bacins, etc.). La tercera part ha consistit en l'elaboració de la cronologia constructiva de l'església de Sant Feliu de Girona partint de la informació obtinguda en els llibres d'obra corresponent a les despeses. S'han analitzat totes aquelles obres, tant pel que fa a la construcció de l'edifici com pel que fa a reparacions i manteniment, que tenen lloc entre l'any 1349 (data del primer llibre d'obra de despeses) i l'any 1391. En aquesta part no s'ha entrat a analitzar de forma exhaustiva les figures que fan possible la construcció de l'església al segle XIV ja que això pertany al contingut de la darrera part del nostre treball. La darrera part del treball correspon a l'execució de les obres. En aquesta part trobem quatre grans capítols: els mestres d'obra, la mà d'obra, els materials i els mitjans auxiliars. En cadascun d'aquests capítols s'ha incidit sobre el rol dels diferents treballadors durant la construcció del temple, els materials utilitzats i les seves característiques (pedra, fusta, aglomerants, etc.) i els mitjans auxiliars utilitzats per col.locar aquests materials en obra. S'han separat els mestres d'obres de la resta de treballadors ja que els primers juguen un rol diferenciat dels segons. S'ha intentat analitzar en ambdós casos els seus sous i les tasques de cadascun d'ells. Pel que fa als materials també s'ha procedit a analitzar d'on s'extreuen, com han arribat a peu d'obra i on s'emmagatzemen i manipulen o transformen abans d'ésser col.locats en obra. Dels mitjans auxiliars s'ha intentat analitzar les funcions per la qual es fan servir les eines (apareixen totes les de l'ofici de pedrer), els enginys (elevar pesos), les bastides (poder treballar en alçada) i el encofrats (garantir la resistència inicial dels elements constructius). Evidentment s'han establert unes conclusions de cadascuna de les parts i unes conclusions finals. La tesi també inclou els agraïments corresponents, el prefaci i la bibliografia. This doctoral thesis how it says their title focuses on analyzing the construction of the church of Saint Feliu of Girona in the 14th century through the analysis of the books of work preserved on the Archive Diòcesa of Girona. This doctoral thesis esta divided into four deliveries. In the first part the historiography of the church of Saint Feliu de Girona since the 17th century until the present is analyzed. In this section the news that the different authors bring is analyzed and the historiogràfic context of each of the centuries is placed. A very exhaustive study has been carried out in the last publications of the 20th century and beginnings of the 21st century. Once analyzed these fountains|sources? secondary?, in this first part of the work has been gone|passed to analyzing the books of work of the 14th century. The formal aspects and the different court clerks been of carrying out these books of work in charge will be analyzed. This will be the basic documentation to carry out this doctoral thesis. In the second part of the work people will proceed to analyzing the formality and the funding of the Work. It is about an analysis, in a basic way of the admissions, to see which they are the strategies that they are carried out to achieve the maximum of resources for the construction and from the "liturgical" needs of the church of Saint Feliu de Girona. In this section the Work as an entity with the persons who are part of her and the paper|role that corresponds to each of them (the worker, the court clerk, the master builder, the questor) have been analyzed. The promoters and those admissions|incomes that, for its volume, supply the Work ("annates", bowls, etc) with the greatest number of money have also been analyzed. The third part has consisted of the elaboration of the constructive chronology of the church of Saint Feliu de Girona following the obtained information in the books of work corresponding to the expenses. All those works, regarding the construction of the building as well as regarding repairs and maintenance, that have place among year 1349, (it dates from the first book of expenses work) and in year 1391 have been analyzed. In this part people have not entered to analyze in an exhaustive way the people that make the construction of the church in the 14th century possible since this belongs to the contents of the last part of our work. The last part of the work corresponds to the execution of the works. In this part we find four big chapters: the teachers of work, the labor, the materials and the auxiliary means. In each of these chapters the role of the different workers during the construction of the temple, the used materials and its characteristics (stone, wood, binders, etc) has been fallen upon and the auxiliary means used for placing these materials in work. The master builders of the rest of workers have been sorted out since the first play a role differentiated from the seconds. It has been attempted to analyze their salaries and the tasks of each of them in both cases. Regarding the materials has also been proceeded to analyzing from where they are extracted, how they have arrived on foot of work and where they are stored and where they manipulate or where they transform before being placed in work. Of the auxiliary means has been attempted to analyze the functions for which the tools (they turn up all the ones of the profession of gizzard) are used, the wits (to elevate weights), the scaffolds (to be able to work in height) and the framework (to guarantee the initial resistance of the constructive elements). Obviously some conclusions of each of the parts and some final conclusions have been established. The thesis also includes the corresponding gratitude, the preface and the bibliography.

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16

Turner, Olivia Horsfall. "Perceptions of medieval buildings in England, c.1640-c.1720." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604578.

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17

Baker, Nigel. "Towns, tenements and buildings : aspects of medieval urban archaeology and geography." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11087/.

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This thesis will argue that the most effective way of understanding the physical development of medieval towns, particularly the larger, more complex, towns and those which lack extensive and detailed contemporary documentation is by a structured integration of the data derived from the archaeological investigation of individual sites with detailed town-plan analyses following the methodology introduced and developed by Conzen. This will be demonstrated by two case-studies, designed to explore the Interaction of the different sources of evidence at two different scales of investigation. The first case-study is a detailed analysis of the plan and development of the whole of a large medieval town,(Worcester), the second is a study of a single street (Pride Hill) in Shrewsbury. The analysis of Worcester illuminates, in particular, the boundaries and internal layout of the late 9th-century burh, suggesting that it was an extension to the pre-existing Roman earthwork circuit and incorporated an area subject to regular town planning, possibly following Wessex models, and an area of irregular settlement that included the bishop of Worcester's haga recorded in 904. The defences were, it is argued, partly dismantled for the extension of urban settlement. The Shrewsbury case-study examines an unusually concentrated building pattern of halls behind the street frontage, and sets this in its contemporary context by an analysis of the contemporary plot-pattern, identified in part by its association with surveyed medieval undercrofts. The earlier history of the area is explored through further analysis of the plot-pattern which predates and is cut by the town wall. It is suggested that the area in question was, like other sectors of the early medieval urban fringe, possibly subject to some type of regular land-allotment for grazing and access to the riverbank. Issues, illustrating the mutually-illuminating character of town plan analysis and urban archaeology, arising from the two case-studies, are discussed. These include the role of archaeology in reconstructing morphological change, the problems of the chronology of urban extensions, archaeology and the interpretation of cartographically-recorded features, and the role of plan-analysis in establishing a contemporary spatial context for individual and multiple archaeological investigations in early medieval towns.

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18

Sze, Tak Pui. "Stūpas in medieval China : symbols of the Buddha, sacred buildings, or tombs?" Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42255.

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By studying textual material from a new prospective, this dissertation aims at uncovering how Chinese Buddhists understood Buddhist stūpas and whether they worshipped them. Though stūpas are not Buddhist inventions, they frequently appear in Buddhist scriptures, depicted as important Buddhist objects of worship symbolizing the Buddha after his nirvāṇa (or other Buddhist holy people) and representing his presence. Since stūpa worship is said to be of great importance to Buddhists’ cultivation, Buddhist vinaya literature contains a number of precepts regulating devotional acts performed for these objects that are intended to distinguish them from those of non-Buddhist cults and to limit worship to only those set up for the Buddha and other Buddhist holy people. These teachings concerning the connotations of stūpas and the importance of worship of them, however, did not prevail in Chinese Buddhist society. Then, how did Chinese Buddhists perceive and treat stūpas? This is what this dissertation focuses on. With the investigation scope limited to the Six Dynasties, it first provides a glimpse into the form of stūpa worship presented in Buddhist scriptures, and then discusses the ways in which Chinese people understood stūpas in capital cities and whether their belief in Buddhist relics and Aśokan legends evoked their worship. Finally, it examines whether funerary stūpas for the Buddhist order and laymen in China were set up according to the Buddhist scriptural tradition of stūpas. This dissertation shows that the ways in which Chinese people in the Six Dynasties understood stūpas were markedly different from those presented in Buddhist scriptures. They generally did not view them as the Buddha or other Buddhist holy figures, but as sacred buildings and even tombs. Instead of the Buddhist scriptural tradition of stūpas, their understanding of stūpas was more noticeably influenced by their own immortality belief, funerary customs, and ancestral worship. Stūpas established in the Six Dynasties were detached from their original symbolic meanings valued by Buddhist scriptural compilers, and were therefore of little significance in representing the Buddha. In terms of their symbolic meanings, they could hardly qualify as Buddhist stūpas defined in Buddhist scriptures.

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19

Rosas, Lúcia Maria Cardoso. "Monumentos pátrios-a arquitectura religiosa medieval - património e restauro (1835-1928)." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1995. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29821.

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20

Kåring, Göran. "När medeltidens sol gått ned debatten om byggnadsvård i England, Frankrike och Tyskland 1815-1914 /." Stockholm : Kungl. Vitterhets historie och antikvitets akademien : Distributör, Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/27874709.html.

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21

Cleverdon, Faith. "Landscape with buildings : a North Staffordshire study based on the medieval parish of Leek." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3429/.

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Leek, with 53,102 acres and nineteen townships, was the largest of Staffordshire's medieval parishes, and one for which an earlier origin- has been suggested. Set in the foothills of the Pennines it formed part of the Leek and Macclesfield Forest where, in the early thirteenth century, Ranulph, Earl of Chester, established both the market town of Leek and the Cistercian abbey of Dieulacres. Altitude, high rainfall and a short growing season made it a pastoral area with a settlement pattern of small hamlets and isolated farms. It was an `open' parish with huge areas of waste, and population growth between 1563 and 1666 was well above the national average. The absence of wealth is reflected in the survival rate of early houses. Only five pre-date 1500, and sixteenth century remains are small and generally fragmentary. In the seventeenth century national growth worked in favour of the pastoral farmer. Leek's cattle market became one of the most important in the county, and a newfound prosperity manifested itself in the rural areas in good quality stone housing. The houses of the gentry and yeoman farmers survive in considerable numbers from this period, and form a major element in this study. The houses of the poor have been more elusive. Pastoral farming was increasingly supplemented by industry. Iron smelting had been present from the Middle Ages, but faded away in the eighteenth century. The making of buttons and silk goods were established in the seventeenth century, and the eighteenth century saw a modest expansion of urban wealth, and a new generation of houses built for dyers, button-men, `mohair' merchants and lawyers. The button industry dwindled in the face of competition from Birmingham, but the silk industry survived to become industrialized in the nineteenth century, when the market town was engulfed in a sea of mill buildings and workers housing.

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22

Cooper, Catriona. "The exploration of lived experience in medieval buildings through the use of digital technologies." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/377916/.

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For the last twenty years phenomenology has been an intensely discussed topic in prehistoric archaeology. The phenomenological way of thinking has taken steps to embrace an understanding of the past based on bodily experience in the world. However, this process has been rarely applied to medieval studies despite a much richer dataset. Phenomenology has initiated a number of discussions concerning how we can think about human experience in the past (the lived experience of the past). The phenomenological approach has been criticised for a lack of methodological robustness and for being overly subjective. In the same period archaeological computing has developed alternative frameworks for sensory interaction with the material evidence of the past, and with its varied interpretations. Its underlying methodologies have been similarly critiqued, and also interconnected with phenomenological and other models for experience. Critiques of archaeological computing have been asking the same questions as those of phenomenology: namely how do we deal with uncertainty and subjectivity when interpreting the archaeological record. In this thesis I suggest digital techniques in archaeological computing that can offer new routes to approaching human experience in the medieval past. I present two case studies that demonstrate alternative and complementary techniques to explore the notion and implementation of a digital “lived experience” of late medieval buildings. My first case study based at Bodiam Castle uses visualisation techniques to explore the lived experience of the private apartments. I propose a mixed media approach for the presentation of visualisations. In my second case study I move away from visual experience of medieval sites. I present an assessment of a series of auralizations of Ightham Mote. The conclusions demonstrate that digital techniques that work across senses can provide a robust mechanism for exploring the concept of lived experience, and for exploring the lived experience of specific medieval buildings.

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23

Mason, David Robert. "'New lamps for old' : English responses to the restoration of monuments in Italy, ca. 1860-1890." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4115.

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24

Gallotta, Emanuele. "L'église Sainte-Marie-Majeure de Ferentino et la dimension cistercienne de l'architecture du Latium méridional au XIIIe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL083.

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La recherche porte sur l'étude historique et architecturale de l'église de Sainte-Marie-Majeure à Ferentino (province de Frosinone, Italie), l'un des plus importants édifices construits dans le Latium méridional au XIIIe siècle. Le contexte scientifique montre d'énormes désaccords relatifs à la période d'édification et, par conséquent, aux différentes références culturelles ayant inspiré l'architecture de l'église, à partir des abbayes de Fossanova (1208) et Casamari (1217). D'autre part, en raison de la rareté des sources médiévales qui nous sont parvenues, nous ne connaissons pas avec précision la chronologie relative et absolue du bâtiment. Le texte de synthèse, qui est supporté de deux volumes supplémentaires rassemblant les sources iconographiques et toute la documentation écrite (inédite ou non) sur Sainte-Marie-Majeure, se compose de trois parties. Après avoir retracé l'histoire de l'église, depuis ses origines jusqu'aux dernières restaurations, à partir de l'exposé critique de questions historiographiques, l'architecture de l'édifice et ses principales phases de construction sont analysées de manière exhaustive. Enfin, la dernière section contextualise notre étude de cas dans le cadre du renouvellement architectural du Latium méridional et, plus largement, dans l'histoire de l'architecture médiévale, sans se limiter à l'Italie. En sélectionnant tel édifice-clé, constituant un exemplum sous le point de vue architectural, la recherche a spécifié les modalités de réception et de transmission des modèles provenant de la Bourgogne et de l'Ile-de-France à l'architecture religieuse et civile dans la province ecclésiastique de Campagna et Marittima au XIIIe siècle My research deals with the historical and architectural study of Santa Maria Maggiore in Ferentino (in the modern province of Frosinone), one of the most important buildings erected in southern Lazio during the thirteenth century. The existing scholarship on the church was out of date and suffered from large gaps that left the history of its construction unexplained. Neither the date of the site‟s foundation nor that of its completion are known because of the lack of medieval documentary sources. Consequently, the main disagreements about Santa Maria Maggiore had concerned the sources of inspiration for its architecture, as scholars generally compared it to the model of the Cistercian abbeys of Fossanova (1208) and Casamari (1217). My dissertation is accompanied by two additional volumes containing the images supporting the text and a catalogue of written sources including unpublished archival documents, and it is divided into three parts. The first traces the entire history of the building and begins with a critical exposition of related historiographical issues. The second section exhaustively analyses the architecture of the church and its building phases by reconciling documentary evidence and visual analysis of the church. The third section contextualizes the design of Santa Maria Maggiore within the territory of southern Lazio and the panorama of "Cistercian" architecture. By taking this exemplary monument as its subject, my research demonstrates the complex reception of architectural models from Burgundy and the Ile-de-France, analysing their subsequent reworkings in thirteenth-century religious and civil architecture in the ecclesiastical province of Campagna and Marittima La ricerca affronta lo studio storico-critico della chiesa di Santa Maria Maggiore a Ferentino (FR), uno dei più importanti edifici costruiti nel Lazio meridionale durante il XIII secolo. Nonostante sia stata dichiarata Monumento Nazionale nel 1884, non era mai stata oggetto di uno studio sistematico ed è ancora oggi pressoché inedita. Il contesto scientifico, ormai desueto, soffre di grandi lacune sulle vicende costruttive della fabbrica, di cui non sono note né la data di fondazione né quella di completamento del cantiere a causa della scarsità di fonti documentarie medievali. Di conseguenza, i principali disaccordi hanno riguardato le influenze culturali fonte d‟ispirazione per l‟architettura di Santa Maria Maggiore, troppo genericamente ricondotte al modello delle abbaziali cistercensi di Fossanova (1208) e Casamari (1217). La dissertazione, accompagnata da due volumi supplementari che contengono le immagini di supporto al testo e il repertorio delle fonti documentarie, è suddivisa in tre parti: quella iniziale ripercorre l‟intera storia dell‟edificio a partire dall‟esposizione critica delle questioni storiografiche; la seconda sezione analizza in modo esaustivo l‟architettura della fabbrica e le fasi edilizie riconosciute; la terza parte, infine, contestualizza il caso studio nel quadro del Lazio meridionale e nel panorama dell‟architettura “cistercense”. Estendendo il campo di indagine, il lavoro ha acquisito un valore a scala territoriale poiché la ricostruzione delle vicende edilizie di Santa Maria Maggiore ha permesso l‟istituzione di raffronti con diverse altre architetture coeve sia italiane che francesi, al di là dei due magniloquenti monasteri di Fossanova e Casamari. A questi ultimi, infatti, la storiografia ha attribuito da sempre un ruolo privilegiato nell‟introduzione del linguaggio gotico ultramontano nel territorio a sud di Roma, di cui la chiesa ferentinese rappresenta una derivazione locale. Selezionando tale exemplum, la ricerca ha precisato le modalità di accoglienza dei modelli provenienti dalla Borgogna e dall‟Ilede-France, rintracciando le successive rielaborazioni nell‟edilizia duecentesca sia religiosa che civile nella Provincia ecclesiastica di Campagna e Marittima

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25

Thacker, Mark Anthony. "Constructing lordship in North Atlantic Europe : the archaeology of masonry mortars in the medieval and later buildings of the Scottish North Atlantic." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23412.

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This thesis investigates the archaeological potential of masonry mortars throughout North Atlantic Europe, with a particular focus on the buildings and environments of medieval northern and western Scotland. The results of an extensive non-intrusive survey of medieval and later buildings are presented, within which nine multiphase sites were subject to more comprehensive building, environment and materials analysis. The survey suggests that, in general, different mortar-making techniques had well-defined sub-regional distributions which are not simply a correlate of environmental availability, but developed in different ways over time. Moreover, all of the more comprehensively studied buildings contain evidence of striking material contrasts from phases to phase which has great potential in standing building analysis. Material contrasts in masonry evidence between building phases, between neighbouring buildings, between specific buildings and the regional corpus, and between the regions themselves, are then considered as evidence of changing cultural, chronological and environmental context. The relationship between secular and ecclesiastical buildings across the region is a particular concern. Qualitative lab-based and on-site material interpretations made throughout the thesis are supported by a programme of comparative experimentation. This thesis includes the first comprehensive investigation of lime mortars made from marine shells, the first evidence of lime mortars made from coralline algae, results from the first programme of dating medieval buildings in Scotland through radiocarbon analysis of relict mortar fuel, and microstructural analysis of a large range of medieval mortars from Norway to the Isle of Man. Wider research considers the initial emergence of mortared masonry in North Atlantic Europe and the relationship between clay and lime mortars. Ultimately, by placing the upstanding buildings archaeology at the centre of the medieval and later landscape this thesis will demonstrate that masonry mortars have significant potential to inform our understanding of the cultural and environmental context of lordship construction in the North Atlantic, providing a new focus for further interdisciplinary discourse.

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Davidson, Carol Foote. "Written in stone : architecture, liturgy, and the laity in English parish churches, c. 1125 - c. 1250." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.302112.

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27

Dincer, Senay Ayse. "Technological Properties And Conservation Problems Of Some Medieval Bricks And Tiles." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614260/index.pdf.

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The aim of this study is to examine the technology of the relatively deteriorated historic tile, brick and mortar samples of Sivas G&ouml k Medrese and Tokat G&ouml k Medrese. Their main deterioration factors were analyzed mainly as salt weathering. It was examined in detail, and the possible desalination methods were discussed. For this purpose, the studies were carried out with a field survey and laboratory experiments on the two sites. Documentation of visual decay forms of Tokat G&ouml k Medrese were done with AutoCAD. The density and porosities of tile body and mortar samples were determined by using RILEM standards. The pore size distributions of tile and mortar samples were examined by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry. Modulus of elasticity of tile body and mortar samples was determined and compared with the other Seljuk building materials. Mineralogical compositions of the tile body and glaze, adhesive tile mortars of Sivas G&ouml kmedrese and Tokat G&ouml kmedrese were analyzed with X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). Their microstructure and chemical compositions were determined by using Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The salts were determined for various methods such as spot tests and XRD analyses. The possible treatment methods of salt crystallization were discussed according to the properties of the examined samples. One of the most essential causes of decay factor was salt crystallization for the two buildings which causes detachment and loss of tiles. The deteriorations were distributed over the upper and lower sides of the wall which were close to the dampness zones from the roof and above ground. The experiments proved different kinds of salts such as thenardite, sylvite, halite, natrite, nitratine and niter coming from the ground and the restoration materials such as cement based mortars. The relative humidity of the environments was compared with that of salt characteristics. It was proved that the tiles were adversely affected from salt crystallization. The best desalination method was discussed. Advection method by using poultices was based on the transformation of ions through the flowing moisture. The most prominent characteristic of the poultices must have smaller pore size distribution than original salty materials. The pore size distributions of the tiles and gypsum mortars were determined to compare and chosen the best poultice from the literature. It was concluded that kaolin-sand-based poultices having known properties was the best one as considering the pore size distribution of the tiles and mortars. The study on material properties and desalination process was expected to help different monuments having salt problem.

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28

Silva, José Custódio Vieira da 1948. "Paços medievais portugueses, caracterização e evolução da habitação nobre século (XII a XVI)." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UNL-Universidade Nova de Lisboa -- FCSH-Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas -- -Departamento de História da Arte, 1993. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30019.

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29

Kenneally, Rhona Richman. "The tempered gaze : medieval church architecture, scripted tourism, and ecclesiology in early Victorian Britain." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19609.

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This dissertation explores how architecture is valorized by the cultural artifacts, both visual and text-based, which present and describe it. It examines aspects of the Gothic Revival in early Victorian Britain, to consider the assimilation of models of evolving architectural discourse by one organization with specialized interest in its promotion, and adaptations of that discourse in the realm of popular culture. The dissertation focuses on the ideology of the Cambridge Camden Society, from its inception in 1839 through to 1850. The Society advocated an appreciation of Gothic churches both for aesthetic, and for religious and moral reasons. A key dimension of its mandate, captured in the rhetoric of ecclesiology, was to prioritize an empirical investigation of extant medieval churches. Findings were to be recorded on specially-devised questionnaires, called "church schemes," using a text-based, specially-encoded taxonomy. Given the availability both of extensive documentation by the Society concerning these schemes, and of almost seven hundred completed forms, areas of conformity and divergence between the prescriptive, instructional material, and the descriptive material which indicates the actual reception of the architecture, may be discerned. "Church visiting" hence became the primary means of personal engagement with the architecture, enacted through the elaborate ritual of scripted tourism spelled out by the church schemes and attendant pedagogical documents. The importance, and the implications, of tourism to members of the Cambridge Camden Society are addressed through an evaluation of travel theories and methodologies, developed, especially, since the 1990s. An understanding of ecclesiology in terms of travel theory enables it to be evaluated in a wider context, namely as part of an emerging tourist ethos based on expanding opportunities and incentives to travel through Britain. From this perspective, the Cambridge Camden Society is to be perceived as part of a larger consortium of advocates of tourism to sights of medieval architecture, who employed similar inducements and terminology, and who created such markers of architectural authenticity as travel guides to mediate the traveller's reception of a given sight. As a result, the possibilities of the widespread dissemination of at least the architectural components of ecclesiological ideals, as part of the groundswell of promotional material devoted to all things Gothic, were enhanced.

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Pagnoni, F. "L'EPISCOPATO DI BRESCIA NEL TARDO MEDIOEVO. SISTEMA DOCUMENTARIO, ARTICOLAZIONE ISTITUZIONALE, VICENDE POLITICHE E PATRIMONIALI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/254040.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the episcopate of Brescia in the Late Medieval, during a period comprehended between the second half of 13th century and the early 15th century. The large amount of written records kept in local archives allowed to investigate many aspects, especially those concerning the development of a stable bureaucracy, the constitution and the keeping of an archive. Other important aspects investigated are those concerning the personnel working for the episcopate and the people linked with this institution (notaries, central and local officers), also investigated with regard to their own careers, cultural formation, social origins. In the end, attention has paid to the relationship between the episcopate and other important political and social powers of that time (State, local aristocracy, urban elites): this relationship has been considered as another important perspective through which investigate the phenomena that involved the episcopate of Brescia during the Late Middle Age.

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31

Travers, Cliff. "The non-defensive medieval moated sites of the south-east Welsh March : a survey of the three pre-1974 counties of Breconshire, Radnorshire and Monmouthshire." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2004. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-nondefensive-medieval-moated-sites-of-the-southeast-welsh-march(9185ffae-f8d8-485c-b3d2-c2d055e41d57).html.

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The origins of the project are outlined and definitions given for the subject and area of the study. The fundamental aims and objectives of the programme of research are set out together with the methodology adopted. Previously published classification systems for moated sites are outlined. Consideration is given to the advantages and disadvantages of these regimes alongside the aim of providing a basis for more uniform analysis of moated sites within Wales. The proposed classification system adopted for this study is set out. Type-sites from the study area, are identified and listed. Finally relevant sites within the study area are listed alongside their identified classifications, and the numbers within each classification are considered both in total and by each of the individual study counties. Aspects of topography relevant to the location of the moats within the study area are considered. Current understanding of the processes of climate change as they relate to their possible influence on moat construction is viewed alongside recent surveys relating to rainfall, drainage and relief within the surveyed counties. These factors along with relevant geological and soil surveys are shown in relation to the distribution of sites within the study area. An analysis of the distribution of these earthworks within administrative and political boundaries that existed during the fourteenth century is carried out. This relates these sites to the generally accepted period of the height of moat construction within Great Britain. In view of the varied administration and political allegiance within the March consideration is given to whether individual Marcher Lords or the Crown influenced moat distribution and design. The three earlier published surveys of moated sites in Wales are reviewed. This examination of work by Pratt, Spurgeon and the RCAHMW forms the basis for the following comparative study with the sites assessed in this three counties survey. A summary of the moated site gazetteer which comprises volume two of this work leads to the final concluding chapter of volume one. Conclusions drawn from the survey as a whole, are related to earlier work in this area and are followed by summaries of the specific conclusions drawn about these sites as they were found within their pre-1974 counties. Volume two of the thesis comprises a full Gazetteer of South-east Wales Moated Sites. The first three chapters are individual inventories of the moated earthworks identified within the three pre-1974 counties of Breconshire, Radnorshire and Monmouthshire respectively. Name and pre-1974 parish identify each location. Current district, Scheduled Ancient Monument reference, Archaeological Trust reference and an eight figure National Grid Reference are listed where available, together with the site altitude above Ordnance Datum and the site's survey classification. Individual sites are described alongside detailed plans and site aerial photographs where obtained. Each recently discovered site is labelled as such. Finally the thesis lists those sites that were investigated as part of this study, but found not to be applicable to the nature of it.

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Leventis, Panayiotis. "Nicosia, Cyprus, 1192-1570 : architecture, topography and urban experience in a diversified capital city." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84521.

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This study explores and reiterates the significance carried by the notions of place, multiplicity and experience in the approaches to the study of architecture, in the shaping of cultures, and in the construction of urban (hi)stories and topographies. The research aims to reveal the existence of a transcultural space constituting the cosmos of Nicosia, capital city of the late medieval and renaissance Kingdom of Cyprus. It is argued that the natural and built environment of the city simultaneously witnessed as well as constructed this highly obscure space, whose elusive nature has not been sufficiently or comprehensively researched thus far. The purpose of this study is to unearth numerous attempts at reconciliation by medieval civilizations, and to comprehend their repeated efforts at bringing in parallel existence and understanding adjacent, but seemingly oppositional or even confrontational, cultures and spaces. The method used engages a re-interpretation of Nicosia's urban space by means of a scholarly narrative, defined as a comprehensively annotated telling of citizens' experiences through the city. While maintaining that it is this telling which better exposes the city's character, past findings on the architecture, topography, and urban experience of Nicosia are concurrently examined, some of them accepted and others re-proposed. Different architectural and ethical realities for the city, as well as varied urban and social identities, emerge as possibilities for pondering only after the superimposition of scientific findings on an interweaving web of experiences, on the remarkably phenomenal world of medieval urban space.

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Jenkins, David. "The layout of the temple of Jerusalem as a paradigm for the topography of religious settlement within the early medieval Irish church." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683281.

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Martínez, Gil Tània. "El patrimoni religiòs medieval: anàlisi, problemàtica i disseny d'estratègies didàctiques als immobles de les diòcesis catalanes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286070.

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El patrimoni religiós immoble esdevenia una assignatura pendent per la didàctica del patrimoni. Aquest patrimoni tan nombrós en el nostre territori i tan lligat als esdeveniments del passat històric, a les estètiques artístiques o a les emocions es presentava buit d’interpretacions que ajudessin a entendre la complexitat d’aquests espais. Aquest buit va motivar la recerca generant contínuament qüestions i dubtes que van impulsar els passos d’aquest treball perquè en paraules d’Hobsbawm (2013), estem en un temps de ruptures; la societat, la cultura i també la religió viuen aquest temps de ruptures. Però, com afecten aquests canvis a la comprensió del seu patrimoni cultural? Podem descodificar els grans monuments religiosos del passat ignorant els seus propis codis? Es pot comprendre la materialitat de la cultura sense els valors immaterials que l’han generat i li donen significat? Pot la didàctica i l’educació patrimonial donar resposta a aquestes qüestions? Aquestes qüestions i la consecució dels objectius i les hipòtesis expliquen doncs que la recerca tingui dues parts necessàries i diferenciades. En primer lloc, es realitza un estudi diagnòstic del patrimoni religiós medieval català a partir d’una mostra de 112 immobles per tal de conèixer els usos i funcions actuals d’aquest patrimoni, les fórmules o estratègies de presentació emprades així com els missatges que se’n deriven. La pauta d’anàlisi dissenyada posava l’accent en els models educatius, els missatges, la gestió i els públics destinataris. Un cop fet aquest diagnòstic era necessari triar un d’aquests immobles pel segon estudi: el Reial Monestir de Santa Maria de Poblet. Aquest segon estudi, el del cas de la recerca, es divideix en tres fases diferenciades: una primera fase exploratòria on s’analitzen les activitats dutes a terme pel cenobi mitjançant una pauta d’observació no participant i l’experimentació dels primers pilotatges; una segona fase de documentació i disseny del programa educatiu multimodèlic flexible (PEMF), i una tercera fase d’experimentació d’activitats i avaluació mitjançant tècniques grupals de grups de discussió o focus group amb 33 participants provinents del grau de Mestres en Educació primària de la Universitat de Barcelona. El tractament i anàlisi de les dades qualitatives es va realitzar amb el programa informàtic ATLAS.TI mitjançant la subdivisió en cinc categories o famílies d’anàlisi. El resultat dels diferents grups de discussió obre un camí cap el disseny de programes educatius patrimonials basats en factors com la sorpresa, l’empatia, la varietat i la interactivitat. This thesis seeks to fill a gap in heritage education when it comes to the subject of built religious heritage. Though Catalonia and Spain are teeming with such heritage sites, which are intimately linked with historical events and artistic movements and rich in emotional depth, the analytical vacuum around them makes it difficult for them to be understood in all their complexity. Setting out to address this shortfall threw up a number of questions and doubts. If, as per the title of Eric Hobsbawm's posthumous 2013 work, we are living in "fractured times," how are society, culture and religion being shaped by this backdrop and how do the changes involved affect the comprehension of cultural heritage? Can we decode major religious monuments dating back to past times without being versed in the codes that underlay their construction? Can tangible culture be understood without reference to the intangible values that inspire it and give it meaning? To what extent can heritage education and teaching answer these questions? Owing to the nature of the issues at hand and the aims of my research, the thesis is necessarily split into two distinct parts. The first part consists of a diagnostic study of Catalan medieval religious heritage based on a sample of 112 heritage sites, with a view to identifying how they are currently used, the presentational methods and strategies being employed there and the messages that these convey. The framework for this analysis centers on the educational models in place, the messages communicated, the management of the sites and the target audiences. Following on from this broad overview is an in-depth case study of one of the aforementioned sites, Poblet Monastery. This case study is in turn divided into three sections, relating to the three stages of work completed. The first was an exploratory phase involving a non-participatory, observational analysis of the activities carried out at the monastery and the launch of the first pilot tests; the second revolved around drawing up and documenting what I term the Flexible Multi-model Education Program (Programa Educatiu Multimodèlic Flexible, PEMF); and the third consisted of conducting experimental activities and assessment through focus groups featuring 33 students from the University of Barcelona's Bachelor's Degree in Primary Education. The qualitative data gathered were processed, analyzed and broken down into five categories or "families" using the computer program ATLAS.ti. The results from these discussion groups provide a roadmap for the design of heritage education programs based on attributes such as the element of surprise, empathy, variety and interactivity.

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Urgu, Alessandra. "Le chiese rurali del nord-ovest della Sardegna : il contributo dell’archeologia dell’architettura allo studio dei villaggi medievali scomparsi." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20129.

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Les sources écrites renferment, à partir du XIe siècle, les témoignages d’un grand nombre de villages dispersés, fondés pour la plupart grâce au mécénat des juges-rois. Toutefois, ces villages n’ont eu qu’une courte durée de vie, car ils ont été frappés, au cours du XIVe siècle, par une terrible crise politico-sociale qui a entraîné la disparition d’un grand nombre d'entre eux. Les principaux et souvent uniques témoignages architecturaux de leurs existences sont des églises. Autrefois placées au centre des agglomérations rurales, elles sont issues d’un renouvèlement ecclésiastique promu par Grégoire VII pour réaffirmer la souveraineté papale sur l’île. Ces édifices de dimensions modestes, aujourd’hui souvent à l’état d’abandon, renferment d’importantes informations que seule une lecture attentive peut dévoiler et interpréter, et qui sont susceptibles de précéder ou d’accompagner une intervention de fouille archéologique. Les enjeux de cette recherche ont été de déchiffrer ces documents matériels au travers l’archéologie du bâti, sans pour autant négliger les autres disciplines (histoire, archéologie du sous-sol, épigraphie), pour reconstruire les dynamiques qui ont caractérisé les villages et les savoir techniques qu’y circulaient. Il a été ainsi possible de collecter de nouvelles informations sur ces réalités disparues et de caractériser les éléments qui composent le plus grand tableau référentiel des différents établissements dans les contextes territoriaux du nord-ouest de l’île Since the XI century in Sardinia we have evidence of a great number of scattered villages, founded mostly thanks to the support of the king-judges of the area. Those villages lived quite shortly though because, since the XIV century, they were hit by a severe crisis which led to the desertion of many of them. In our time we only have few architectural remains from this period, like the small churches that used to be the main gathering point of the villages and which represent the result of the clerical renovation started by Pope Gregory VII who wanted to reaffirm the papal supremacy over the whole island. Nowadays these small buildings are often completely deserted; however they still keep very important information that can be unveiled by a careful examination and matched with the outcome of the historical research made as an early stage study before the archaeological excavations are made. The present research is aimed to show the results of the study conducted in the area of the ‘Rio Mannu’ river basin (in the North West of Sardinia) through the archaeology of architecture method In Sardegna a partire dall’XI secolo troviamo testimonianza nelle fonti documentarie di un gran numero di villaggi a carattere sparso, sorti per la maggior parte grazie alla ‘sponsorizzazione’ dei giudici-re. Tali villaggi ebbero però una vita relativamente breve, in quanto dal XIV secolo furono colpiti da una crisi che portò alla scomparsa gran parte di essi. Della loro esistenza non restano spesso che poche testimonianze architettoniche attribuibili a questa fase storica: le chiesette che in passato costituivano il centro degli agglomerati rurali e che rappresentano il frutto di quel rinnovamento ecclesiastico, cercato da Gregorio VII, per riaffermare la sovranità papale sull’isola. Spesso in stato di completo abbandono, questi piccoli edifici conservano in se ancora importanti informazioni, che una lettura attenta delle strutture può svelare ed interpretare affinché possano integrare i dati derivanti dalla ricerca storica e porsi come studio preliminare allo scavo archeologico. L’obiettivo della ricerca intrapresa è stato ‘leggere’ questi documenti materiali attraverso l’archeologia dell’architettura. È stato così possibile aggiungere nuove informazioni su queste realtà scomparse e definire le tessere che compongono il più ampio quadro conoscitivo dei diversi insediamenti nel contesto territoriale del Bacino idrografico del Rio Mannu

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VASSENA, MAURO. "LA CITTA' DI MILANO TRA IL VI E IL XII SECOLO.CARATTERISTICHE E TRASFORMAZIONI TOPOGRAFICHE, INSEDIATIVE E MONUMENTALI DI UN CONTESTO URBANO MEDIOEVALE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/74298.

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La tesi ha lo scopo di individuare le coordinate fondamentali delle dinamiche di trasformazione che la città di Milano conobbe tra il VI ed il XII secolo dal punto di vista topografico, insediativo e monumentale. Attraverso l'analisi combinata di fonti scritte ed evidenze materiali vengono sistematicamente esaminati i quattro principali elementi caratterizzanti il fenomeno urbano in età medioevale: la topografia delle difese, la topografia cristiana, la topografia del potere e la topografia dell'insediamento. The thesis aims to identify the fundamental coordinates of the transformation dynamics that the city of Milan underwent between the Sixth and the Twelfth Centuries from a topographical, settlement and monumental point of view. Through the combined analysis of written sources and material evidences, the four main elements characterizing the urban phenomenon in the Middle Ages are systematically examined: the topography of the defenses, the Christian topography, the topography of power and the topography of the settlement.

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VASSENA, MAURO. "LA CITTA' DI MILANO TRA IL VI E IL XII SECOLO.CARATTERISTICHE E TRASFORMAZIONI TOPOGRAFICHE, INSEDIATIVE E MONUMENTALI DI UN CONTESTO URBANO MEDIOEVALE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/74298.

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La tesi ha lo scopo di individuare le coordinate fondamentali delle dinamiche di trasformazione che la città di Milano conobbe tra il VI ed il XII secolo dal punto di vista topografico, insediativo e monumentale. Attraverso l'analisi combinata di fonti scritte ed evidenze materiali vengono sistematicamente esaminati i quattro principali elementi caratterizzanti il fenomeno urbano in età medioevale: la topografia delle difese, la topografia cristiana, la topografia del potere e la topografia dell'insediamento. The thesis aims to identify the fundamental coordinates of the transformation dynamics that the city of Milan underwent between the Sixth and the Twelfth Centuries from a topographical, settlement and monumental point of view. Through the combined analysis of written sources and material evidences, the four main elements characterizing the urban phenomenon in the Middle Ages are systematically examined: the topography of the defenses, the Christian topography, the topography of power and the topography of the settlement.

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Kjellberg, Joakim. "Östra Aros : bebyggelsen i Uppsala och dess utveckling fram till 1270 i arkeologisk belysning." Thesis, Gotland University, Department of Archeology and Osteology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-297.

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This thesis rewievs present day research on the settlement of Östra Aros in central Sweden. The thesis deals with the period from late Iron age to about 1270 AD, when the Swedish archdiocese moved to the already existing early-medieval settlement of Östra Aros, thus becoming the medieval town of Uppsala. The basis of the thesis is the study of a variety of source materials, such as artefact studies, runestones, topography and the prehistoric and early medieval hinterland. The thesis centers on archaeological excavation data and dating of settlement structures, particularly focusing on the settlements establishment. Through a critical review of primarily the written record and the archaeological data, the settlements characteristics and functions are discussed, emphasising when and if the settlement could be described as a town, central- or trading place.

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Vanetti, Alice. "L'archéologie du bâti entre étude des vestiges médiévaux et politique patrimoniale : une étude historique et épistémologique." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH020.

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L'archéologie du bâti est une spécialité de l'archéologie qui se développe en Europe entre les années 1990 et 2000. Elle est généralement indiquée comme ce domaine de recherche qui s'occupe de l'étude des bâtiments historiques, de préférence médiévaux, à travers l'application des méthodes et des problématiques de recherche propres à l'archéologie. La lecture des publications qui concernent l'archéologie du bâti dans les pays où elle est employée, montre toutefois des sensibles différences quant aux méthodes employées et aux objectifs poursuivis lors des recherches. Cette hétérogénéité est révélatrice des contenus que les archéologues lui attribuent, qui dans chaque pays sont différents. Ce travail s'attache à saisir le statut actuel de l'archéologie du bâti en France, en Italie et en Suisse, des ``pays phares'' de cette spécialité, et à en mettre en évidence les similitudes et les différences à travers une approche à la fois historique et épistémologique. Puisque l'essor de l'archéologie du bâti résulte de la rencontre entre deux pôles principaux, l'étude des vestiges médiévaux d'une part, la politique patrimoniale de l'autre, nous rendons compte en premier lieu du développement de l'intérêt pour les vestiges médiévaux dès le XIX siècle siècle à aujourd'hui. Cette première analyse, conduite à l'échelle de chaque pays, nous permet de déceler les caractères principaux de ce substrat national d'où l'archéologie du bâti est issue, ce qui nous conduit, dans un second temps, à définir les contours des premières propositions d'archéologie du bâti et, de là, à rendre compte du statut actuel de cette spécialité dans les pays considérés The archeology of building is a specialism of the archeology that emerge in Europe between 1990 and 2000. It is generally described as this field of research which deals with the study of the historical buildings, especially medieval, through the application of methods and topics of archeology. The literature on archaeology of buildign where it is used, however, shows significant differences either in the methods and in the objectives pursued during the research. This heterogeneity revelas the differents visions that the archaeologists attribute to the archaeology of building, which in each country are different. This work seeks to define the current status of the archeology of buildings in France, Italy and Switzerland, the "flagship countries" of this specialism, and to highlight the similarities and differences through a both historical and epistemological analysis. Since the rise of the archeology of the building results from the meeting between two main poles, the study of the medieval remains on the one hand, and the cultural heritage policy on the other, we first report on the development of interest in medieval remains from the XIX century to today. This first analysis, carried out at the scale of each country, enables us to detect the main characteristics of this national substratum from which the archeology of the building is derived, which leads us in a second time to define the contours of first proposals for the archeology of building and, hence, to account for the present status of this specialism in the countries considered

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40

Dutka, Tomáš. "Návrh udržitelné městské struktury - na bázi středověkého města - pro 21.století." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443712.

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The assignment of diploma thesis was the design of a sustainable urban structure based on a medieval city in Náměšť nad Oslavou. As part of the work, I tried to find the best solution for this solved area, which is isolated by a railway corridor and suggest a new city district based on the principle of a medieval city, which will be linked to the existing city. The proposed development of city blocks is built on a system of platforms that level the terrain within the blocks and enable optimal parking spaces and the use of commercials. This development is complemented by several blocks with villa houses and a city SPA complex. The proposal supports the construction of cycle paths that connect parts of the solved area with the Rathan recreation pond. The design also includes a large park with a lookout tower and a sports ground on the city horizon ner the SPA complex. The accent was also placed on the public area near the new railway station, which serves to gather people for cultural and entertainment opportunities. This public space should not compete with an existing Masaryk square, which fulfills a representative and administration function.

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BOZZI, FRANCESCO. "LE SPIRE DELLA VIPERA. ADERENTI E ADERENZE DENTRO E FUORI LO STATO VISCONTEO-SFORZESCO FRA TRE E QUATTROCENTO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/825485.

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La tesi si propone di mettere in luce gli aspetti più caratteristici e rilevanti dei trattati di aderenza nella loro declinazione visconteo-sforzesca, con l’obiettivo di evidenziare lo sviluppo e, soprattutto, i caratteri innovativi di un legame che, destinato a perdurare nell’età moderna, offre una rinnovata chiave interpretativa dei processi genetici di una “nuova” statualità alla fine dell’età di mezzo. Vincoli elastici, flessibili e ritagliati direttamente sulle base delle contingenze in cui venivano stipulati, i trattati di aderenza (o colleganza, accomandigia, raccomandazione, …) conobbero una vasta diffusione nell’Italia bassomedievale e rinascimentale, in particolar modo dalla metà del XIV secolo, e avevano lo scopo di coordinare i principali poteri degli scacchieri italiani e le realtà minori che allignavano dentro o al di fuori degli stessi, in particolar modo i signori rurali o, in qualche caso, le comunità: riassumendo ai minimi termini, il principalis si vedeva infatti garantito sostegno militare, mentre l’adherens riceveva protezione e legittimazioni di vario tipo. L’utilizzo che i signori – e poi i duchi – di Milano fecero di tale strumento risulta di grande interesse, in quanto Visconti prima e Sforza poi ricorsero con particolare costanza al legame sia per consolidare i processi di state-building interni allo stato, sia i processi di espansione esterni ai confini del principato. Sin dalla metà del Trecento, infatti, i signori di Milano utilizzarono frequentemente i trattati di aderenza per individuare alleati direttamente a ridosso – se non addirittura all’interno – dei territori nemici. Tale meccanismo fu particolarmente sfruttato durante l’età di Gian Galeazzo Visconti, che rese la pressione dei suoi aderenti quantomai efficace contro le potenze avversarie (in particolare Firenze) innervando di sostenitori aree strategiche come la Romagna e la Lunigiana. Con la morte del primo duca di Milano nel 1402 il vincolo attraversò un lungo periodo di crisi, dovuto alla debolezza di Giovanni Maria Visconti, e fu solo in seguito alla sua violenta scomparsa (1412) che Filippo Maria Visconti poté ricostruire, al pari dello stato, anche la rete di aderenti, declinata dal terzo duca in senso difensivo piuttosto che offensivo. Nel momento in cui la dinastia si estinse e il ducato cadde nelle mani degli Sforza, il legame si ritrovò inserito all’interno dei delicati equilibri della Lega italica: l’aderenza divenne così un modo non più per aggredire i nemici o per difendersi, per definire e profilare la propria sfera di influenza, ormai in qualche modo “stabilizzata” e non più sottoposta a eccessivi scossoni. Dal punto di vista nei processi di state-building, invece, il legame mantenne caratteristiche costanti nel corso del tempo: tramite le accomandigie i signori e i duchi di Milano riuscirono infatti a meglio vincolare a sé le animate famiglie signorili che punteggiavano gli spazi dello stato, in particolare in aree come il Piemonte e l’Emilia. Lì i trattati, che pure non persero le loro caratteristiche militari, rivelarono tutto il loro potenziale come elementi di coordinazione e di disciplinamento: la loro fortuna risiede proprio nelle loro caratteristiche elastiche, che se da una parte rendevano il vincolo così costruito instabile, dall’altra ne sostanziano l’effettiva modernità, e che ne garantirono la lunga durata (seppur con alterne fortune) ancora per tutto il ‘500 e oltre. The research proposes to investigate the most characteristic and relevant aspects of the treatises of adherentia under the Visconti and Sforza, with the aim of highlighting the development and, above all, the innovative characteristics of a bond which, destined to last in the modern age, offers a new interpretative key to the genetic processes of a "new" statehood at the end of the Middle Age. Those treaties were elastic, flexible and tailored directly on the basis of the contingencies in which they were stipulated, and the bonds of adherentia (or collegatio, accomandatio, recomendisia, and so on) knew a wide diffusion in medieval and renaissance Italy, especially from the middle of the 14th century: they had the aim of coordinating the main powers of the Italian chessboards and the minor realities inside or outside them, especially the rural lords or, in some cases, the communities; summing up, the principalis was guaranteed military support, while the adherens received protection and legitimations of various kinds. The use that the lords – and then the dukes – of Milan made of this instrument is of great interest, as Visconti and Sforza resorted with particular constancy to the link both to consolidate the state-building processes inside the state and the expansion processes outside the principality's borders. Since the middle of the fourteenth century, in fact, the lords of Milan frequently used treaties of adherentia to identify allies close to – or even inside – enemy territories. This mechanism was particularly exploited during the age of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, who made the pressure of his adherentes as effective as possible against the opposing powers (in particular Florence) and made strategic areas such as Romagna and Lunigiana a source of supporters. With the death of the first duke of Milan in 1402 the bond went through a long period of crisis, due to the weakness of Giovanni Maria Visconti, and it was only after his violent death (1412) that Filippo Maria Visconti was able to rebuild, like the state, the network of adherentes, which the third duke declined in a defensive rather than offensive way. When the dynasty became extinct and the Duchy fell into the hands of the Sforza, the bond found itself inserted within the delicate equilibrium of the Italic League, thus becoming a way no longer to wage war, but was rather used to define and profile the spheres of influence, now somehow "stabilised" and no longer subject to excessive shocks. From the point of view of the state-building processes, on the other hand, the bond maintained constant characteristics over time: through the accomandigie, the lords and dukes of Milan managed to better bind the restless noble families that dotted the spaces of the state, particularly in areas such as Piedmont and Emilia. There the bonds, which did not lose their military characteristics, revealed all their potential as elements of coordination and discipline: their fortune resides precisely in their elastic characteristics, which, if on the one hand made the bond so constructed unstable, on the other, substantiated its effective modernity, which guaranteed its long duration (albeit with alternating fortunes) throughout the fifteenth century and beyond.

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Hýl, Petr. "Slovinské národní divadlo v Lublani." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215582.

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Fahr, Jochen. "Zu einer bislang unbekannten mittelalterlichen Wüstung bei Großzöberitz, Ldkr. Bitterfeld (Sachsen-Anhalt)." 2004. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33875.

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Im Frühjahr 1999 wurden bei der Verlegung der Erdgastrasse JAGAL zwischen Großzöberitz und Zörbig (Lkr. Bitterfeld; deshalb zuständig: LfA Halle/Saale) Reste einer mittelalterlichen ländlichen Siedlung, einer Wüstung entdeckt. Das Grabungsteam unter der Leitung von Frau Dr. K. Bemmann legte auf vier Teilflächen 88 Befunde frei. Besonders interessant waren ein Gebäude mit Sodenwänden und ein Haus mit Steinfundamenten. Durch die Auswertung der Funde und Befunde wurden Siedlungsphasen chronologisch eingegrenzt, Strukturen der Siedlung näher untersucht und wirtschaftliche sowie soziale Fragen diskutiert. Ferner ging es darum, den Namen der „Fundstelle 1“ (unbekannt oder bekannt?) und die Ursachen des Wüstungsprozesses zu ermitteln. Remains of a medieval rural village have been found between Großzöberitz and Zörbig (County Bitterfeld) in the spring 1999 during the building of the gas pipeline JAGAL. The excavation team run by Dr. K. Bemmann had excavated 88 features on four areas. Two buildings, one with grass packing walls and one with stone basements, were especially interesting. Through the analysis of finds and features were settlement phases chronologically fixed, structures of the settlement looked at in more detail, and social questions discussed. Furthermore, the name of ‘site 1’ (known or unknown?) and the reasons for deserting were a matter of concern.

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Yu, Wei-Cheng, and 余偉誠. "A Study on the Utility of Medieval House in the Mixed Buildings." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sbp9z5.

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碩士 國立高雄第一科技大學 金融系碩士專班 105 Due to limited land, high population in metropolitan areas and the vertical development of residential space in Taiwan, residential and commercial mixed-use type is the mainstream now. However, what are the considerations of buyers to choose which floor for living? What are the differences between different metropolitan areas? And what is the effect of square feet in each floor? Therefore, in this study, based on the characteristic price theory, I establish the empirical study of the model to explore and observe the influence of the relative height and the absolute height of the pre-owned house on the total price of the transactions, and then compare the floor analysis. The result shows that the "relative floor" factor is more important than "absolute floor" when the purchasers consider the building type of pre-owned and residential and commercial mixed-use. The 4th floor usually has the lowest price, implying that purchasers take it as a taboo which means unfortunate. It is especially obvious in Kaohsiung City. Besides, another special phenomenon is that the first floor sells at the highest price and the second floor does not the sell at the lowest price, because the residents of the first floor always have a store effectiveness. Therefore, the second floor can be opened with the first floor or as another different store.

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Kalas, Gregor A. "Sacred image, urban space image, installations, and ritual in the early medieval Roman forum /." 1999. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/49623530.html.

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Scholz, Stefan. "Metodická studie k bilaterálnímu výzkumnému projektu Vzájemné vztahy sakrální architektury 13. století v českých a rakouských zemích." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390380.

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Stefan SCHOLZ Methodical study to the bilateral research project about mutual relationship of sacral architecture of the 13. century in the bohemian and austrian lands Abstract: To begin with the basic conditions for the interdisciplinarity and internationality of the whole research, and the necessity of a parallel survey on the profane level, will be defined. Then the main subject of the project will be linked to a wider context of the Central European integration processes in the early and high middle ages - from there results the necessity of secondary studies on Central European long term basic structures and framework developments from the 10th to the mid 13th century, as well as of historiographic context-studies to the reign of King Otakar Přemysl II. (1252- 1278). In this way the core the project will be defined: the forms of expression of the Central European integration processes in sacral and profane architecture and the settlement, urban, social and legal patterns in the bohemian, moravian, silesian and austrian towns, above all in the 3rd quarter of the 13th century. The relative chronological system of the main stylistic streams and positions of the middle european sacral architecture in 13. century shows many contrasts between the impacts of french and burgundian gothic style, the...

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Arianna, Carannante. "La fabbrica regia della cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta a Lucera nel contesto dell’architettura di derivazione francese in Italia Meridionale." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2917554.

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The dissertation focuses on the reconstruction of the construction history (1302-1317ca.), transformations and restorations (1876-1900) of the Royal Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Lucera, located near Foggia in Apulia. The main aim was to examine the medieval building in the context of Angevin patronage in the Kingdom of Naples. The historical-architectural analysis of the church is set in the institutional and administrative mechanisms of the Curia Regia, responsible for the construction. Particular attention has been dedicated to the criticism of the authenticity of the building through the reconstruction and analysis of the restoration operations. It is certain that the architecture promoted by Charles II of Anjou (1289-1309) is the result of a fusion of transalpine models and local traditions. It is an architecture characterised by decorative and spatial simplification; the latter was generated by a number of factors including economic issues, the incidence of earthquakes in southern Italy, local traditions and formal choices. The similarities with the plan of the Cathedral of Naples (1298-1320ca.) make it clear that there was a desire to create a simplified replica in the small town in Puglia. The comparisons revealed interesting new elements regarding the circulation of workers within the Kingdom. Ultimately, in-depth analysis of the cultural context and contemporary buildings in Provence and the Kingdom of Naples places the Apulian building within the chapter of the great cathedrals built in the 14th century in the peninsula.

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CARANNANTE, ARIANNA. "La fabbrica regia della cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta a Lucera nel contesto dell’architettura di derivazione francese in Italia Meridionale." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1549736.

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The dissertation focuses on the reconstruction of the construction history (1302-1317ca.), transformations and restorations (1876-1900) of the Royal Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Lucera, located near Foggia in Apulia. The main aim was to examine the medieval building in the context of Angevin patronage in the Kingdom of Naples. The historical-architectural analysis of the church is set in the institutional and administrative mechanisms of the Curia Regia, responsible for the construction. Particular attention has been dedicated to the criticism of the authenticity of the building through the reconstruction and analysis of the restoration operations. It is certain that the architecture promoted by Charles II of Anjou (12891309) is the result of a fusion of transalpine models and local traditions. It is an architecture characterised by decorative and spatial simplification; the latter was generated by a number of factors including economic issues, the incidence of earthquakes in southern Italy, local traditions and formal choices. The similarities with the plan of the Cathedral of Naples (1298-1320ca.) make it clear that there was a desire to create a simplified replica in the small town in Puglia. The comparisons revealed interesting new elements regarding the circulation of workers within the Kingdom. Ultimately, in-depth analysis of the cultural context and contemporary buildings in Provence and the Kingdom of Naples places the Apulian building within the chapter of the great cathedrals built in the 14th century in the peninsula. La thèse se concentre sur la reconstitution de l'histoire de la construction (1302-1317ca.), des transformations et des restaurations (1876-1900) de la cathédrale royale de Santa Maria Assunta à Lucera, située près de Foggia dans les Pouilles. L'objectif principal était d'examiner l'église médiévale dans le contexte des bâtiments du patronage angevin dans le royaume de Naples. L'analyse historico-architecturale de l'église est insérée dans les mécanismes institutionnels et administratifs de la «Curia Regia» responsable de la construction. Une attention particulière a été accordée à la critique de l'authenticité du bâtiment à travers la reconstruction et l'analyse des opérations de restauration. Il est certain que l'architecture promue par Charles II d'Anjou (1289-1309) est le résultat de la fusion de modèles transalpine et des traditions locales. Il s'agit d'une architecture caractérisée par une simplification décorative et spatiale ; cette dernière a été générée par une série de facteurs comprenant des questions économiques, l'incidence des tremblements de terre dans le sud de l'Italie, les traditions locales et les choix formels. Les similitudes avec le plan de la cathédrale de Naples (1298-1320ca.) témoignent la volonté de créer une réplique simplifiée dans la petite ville des Pouilles. Les comparaisons ont fait apparaître de nouveaux éléments intéressants concernant la circulation des travailleurs sur le territoire du Royaume. En définitive, l'analyse approfondie du contexte culturel et des édifices contemporains en Provence et dans le Royaume de Naples situe l'édifice des Pouilles dans le chapitre des grandes cathédrales construites au XIVe siècle dans la péninsule

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